NAMES OF PERSONS
IN EARLY SANSCRIT
LITERATURE

•IBLIOTHEEK DER
RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT

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NAMES OF PERSONS IN EARLY
SANSCRIT LITERATURE

NAMES OF PERSONS
IN EARLY SANSCRIT LITERATURE.

PROEFSCHRIFT
TER VERKRIJGING VAN DEN GRAAD VAN
DOCTOR IN DE LETTEREN EN WIJSBEGEERTE
AAN DE RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT TE UTRECHT.
OP GEZAG VAN DEN RECTOR MAGNIFICUS,
DR. J. BOEKE, HOOGLEERAAR IN DE FACUL-
TEIT DER GENEESKUNDE, VOLGENS BESLUIT
VAN DEN SENAAT DER UNIVERSITEIT TE
VERDEDIGEN TEGEN DE BEDENKINGEN VAN
DE FACULTEIT DER LETTEREN EN WIJS-
BEGEERTE OP VRIJDAG 14 JANUARI 1938,
DES NAMIDDAGS TE 4 UUR
DOOR

JACOB ANTOON VAN VELZE

GEBOREN TE HILVERSUM.

UTRECHT — UTR. TYP. ASS. — MCMXXXVIII.

BIBLIOTHEEK DER
RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT

utrecht.

Promotor: Prof. Dr. J. Gonda.

Aan de nagedachtenis mijner Moeder
Aan mijn Vader en mijn Vrouw

Bij het voltooien van mijn proefschrift wens ik een woord van
oprechte dank te spreken tot hen die mijn studie in de Klassieke
Letteren hebhen geleid, de Professoren Bolkestein. Damsté, Ovink,
Schrijnen, Vollgraff en Dr. van Hoorn.

De nagedachtenis van Prof. Dr. W. Caland, die mij o.a. in het
Sanskrit inwijdde, zal bij mij steeds in hoge ere blijven.

Aan mijn promotor. Professor Gonda, betuig ik mijn zeer hartelijke
dank voor zijn kritische opmerkingen en gewaardeerde raadgevingen.

Den Heer F. C. Barker ben ik erkentelijk voor de vertaling in
het Engels.

w

CONTENTS.

page

Introduction......................13

Names........................37

I.nbsp;Names containing elements in connection with rehgion and
ideas about world and hfe..............37

II.nbsp;Names containing hoministic elements.........53

III.nbsp;Names containing cultural elements..........83

IV.nbsp;Names containing elements borrowed from nature .... 95

V.nbsp;Names that do not allow of classification elsewhere • • • 106

VI.nbsp;Names which are not to be explained from Sanskrit • . - HI
Notes ........................125

SS

INTRODUCTION.

The History and Results of Indo-European Onomatology.

The nomenclature forming part of the sphere of labour of the
still very recent Indo-European hnguistics, was first taken in hand
by Pott 1). Three years after this, Förstemann was in a position to
publish his voluminous collection of Germanic names 2). A con-
siderable step forward was made by Strackerjahn in 1864 3). It was
Strackerjahn who illucidated what Pänini had already done for
Sanscrit quot;dasz die grosze Menge der Indogermanischen Personen-
namen aus zwei Bestandteilen zusammengesetzt sind, aus denen
dann die Kurzformen entstehenquot; 4). The especially Germanic
nomenclature has, on the ground of this formal principle, been
worked upon by Starke), Förstemann 6), Andresen''), Socin^*),
Gottschald 4), and others. From these studies I have, from the
point of view of methodology, learned much, but am not qualified
to appraise their value®).

Not only from a standpoint of methodology, but also with
regard to material is the work of Fick of great importance for
future study 10).

The main purpose of Pick's study was the investigating of
Greek names, yet for the purposes of comparison he has treated
the names of the other Indo-European languages so systematically
and so fully that anyone making inquiries into the nomenclature
of the Indo-European languages, will take Fick as a starting point.
Quite rightly does Solmsen n) call Pick's work quot;Epochemachendquot;.
quot;Es wird — zum ersten Male in umfassender Weise — nach-
gewiesen, dasz tatsächlich die gleichen Prinzipien durch die
Namenbildung aller indg. Sprachen hindurchgehen, abgesehen von
Italikern und Litauern, die einen wesentlichen Bestandted des alten
Systems aufgegeben haben. Fürs Griechische speziell wird freilich
der neu entdeckte Gesichtspunt zu einseitig durchgeführt und die
Masse der damals bekannten Namen nicht erschöpft.quot;

Taking the nomenclature of the Indo-European languages as his
point of departure, Pick has even made an attempt at reconstruc-
ting the proethnic onomasticon. Not a single onomatological work
since Pick has preserved this many-sided comparative character
nor carried on his methods. In the second edition the work was
restricted to Greek names 12). Since that time Bechtel has further
investigated Greek names 13).

The Italian system of names, wholly different from the Indo-
European system, and inseparably bound up with Etruscology,
has been fully treated, and provided with numerous references by
Schulzeit). Schulze himself says (p. 517) that in future we shall
have to go much further, shall have to classify the names according
to regions, reconstruct the ancient names of individuals etc.
After Schulze it was Meister who occupied himself with Italian
names 15).

In my further labours I have taken no cognizance of the works
on Indo-European names outside Indo-Iranic, Greek, Italian and
Germanic i®).

Besides these collections of names there are a few more recent
works treating of all manner of questions bearing on names:
classes of names, the period in which they were given, the
motives for the choice, meanings etc. I mention the investigations
of Schröderquot;), Hirzelis), Solmsen-Fraenkel i») and Dauzat20).
(Special studies on Indo-Iranic names are discussed separately on
page 15 sqq.).

In general it may be said that in the earlier onomatological stu-
dies the material was treated practically exclusively from a gram-
matical point of view. The forms and meanings were made a
subject of study. The problems of form were solved, up to the
question of the abbreviated or simplified names 21). The meaning
of tbe elements forming the names were enquired into. More
recent studies have thrown light not only on the linguistic, but
also on the psychological, historical and sociological aspects of the
study of names 22).

Thereby was the subject-matter on tbe one hand rendered more
interesting, but on the other made more difficult. So the subject
of nomenclature is at prfesent still far from being exhausted. It is
the conviction of many onomatologians that, as for assertions and
conclusions, we must still go cautiously to work with tbe
material 23).

On the other hand in the interests of phdology 24), ethnology 25)

and substratum studies 26) the necessity of a thorough collection
and compilation of the names has repeatedly been urged.

A short outhne of Indo-European onomatology will be found
in Schrader-Nehring 27) sub voce Name. For the Greek, Roman
and German names in particular see Wörterbuch der Antike sub
voce Eigennamen 28).

History of Onomatology of Sanscrit.

Leaving the works of Justi 29) and Hüsingso) on Iranic names
aside, we will see what has hitherto been written on Sanscrit
names.

In places Pänini contains, among other things, important data
on patronymica and hypocoristica. In 1874 it was Fick^i) who,
for the first time, collected a large number of names in European
Indology and treated of their formation 32).

Fick's explanations from a morphological point of view were
excellent, but the semantic side of the names remained for the
most part untouched. In 1890 33) and in 1892 34) R. Q. Franke
produced the main lines of treatment on the meanings of the
names in an abridged form.

The patronymica were treated and classified morphologically
and semantically by Gubler in 1903 35).

In 1910 Hilka published the first and hitherto the only more
general and detailed study of Ancient-Indian names 36). Hilka
treated of the nomenclature in general, the rules of the Indians
concerning this nomenclature, the structure of the Indian names
and their contents, and to round up with, gave a bibliography of
the Indo-European study of names. The first two chapters devoted
to nomenclature are brief, but for getting a general idea of this
subject and the names closely allied to it, it is of great value.

In my work I have dispensed with both an anthropological
treatise on general nomenclature and a discussion of the various
rules for the nomenclature in Indian literature, seeing that the
material treated herein constitutes a study in itself and which,
for the time being, transcends the present writers powers. As for
the structure of the names, Hilka, in the main, agrees with Fick,
while Hilka's material classification of the names according to
their meanings, renders it possible to obtain a preliminary idea of
the name-words 3'^).

The Vedic Index 38) gives, besides an article together with a

literary review on the names in general (sub voce Näman), a large
number of Vedic names, of which an occasional translation is
given 39).

What is of considerable moment to Indian onomatology are
Pargiter's remarks 40), in his researches both in their bearing on
the tradition of history and the history of tradition. As to the
tradition of Indian history, Pargiter points out the essential dif-
ference between brähmana- and ksatriya-tradition, but takes tbe
view, with regard to the rebability of tradition, that one has no
right to reject tradition so long as one has not disproved the truth
of it 41). With respect to the history of tradition, Pargiter gives
many literary, etymological and graphical possibdities that may
be the reason of corruption and confusion in the names 42). These
statements of Pargiter's will be discussed more in detail later on.

After tbis Mme. H. de Willman-Grabowska dealt minutely with
a limited portion of the Indian names 43).

Wüst and Bloch 44) make mention of the lack of a dictionary
of names for their special studies.

Betty Heimann, too, contributed to some extent to the science
of Indian names 45).

Modern Indian nomenclature has been treated by Temple 46)
and recently by Masani47).

The Aim and Extent of the present Work.

In view of the wide range of the subject-matter and the scanty
attention that had been given to it, Hilka himself 48) felt that his
labours could not be but inadequate. Since Hilka's time interest in
the substratum-languages and their significance to the language
and culture of the Aryans has increased. The importance of the
study of the Austric languages to Indology does not yet allow of
a rough estimate 49). Levi proved that several tribe-names are of
Austric origin 50). Another tribal-name has been treated by
Przyluski 51). His great expectations from Austrology is here
patent 52).

From tbis point of view even the Mahäbhärata ought to be
reviewed afresh 53). Very shrewdly, too. has Przyluski approached
the names of Hippokuora and Satakarni from the Austric ton-
gues 54). On this occasion, too. did Przyluski point out anew the
significance of the Austro-Asiatic substratum 55).

Gonda shed new light on the Austric question in his inaugural

address and in another articles'?) made clear the Austric
origin of the names of a few culture-plants (lavanga, lasuna,
marlca). According to Bloch the Vedic names show a mingling
of the Aryan with an older people 58).

Wüst thinks he detects non-Aryan material in the Indian
onomasticon, and that of Aryan-Skythic origin 59). Srbinda would
be 2!eQßoi~pnnce.

In short, it is clear that the Indian science of names, subsequent
to the analysis of the nomenclature by Fick and Hilka, has first
to occupy itself with the question of Austric nomenclature, the
possible translation or Sanscritizing of same etc.

Of course, Austric influence is to be expected as much, if not
to a greater extent in the geographical names as in the names of
persons. The geographical names, however, have from the nature
of the case, quite another character, and have arisen isolated,
remaining for centuries unchanged, whereas the names of persons
are of a genealogical origin and last but one lifetime. This is why
these two groups do not allow of being treated together, at most,
arranged alphabetically, as one group. Therefore in this study
only the names of persons come in for treatment 6quot;) and these
from the remotest period to ± 600 A. D. comprising a very
considerable quantity of vedic, grammatical, epic, puranic and
epigraphic material. Reference as to the sources from which the
names have been compiled prefaces the classification of the matter.
It has been the constant aim of the author to be as complete as
possible. It is just in this respect that it differs from Hilka, who,
in the case of material not to be accounted for, omitted it^^).
I have, unfortunately, on account of a complete unfamiliarity with
the Austro-Asiatic and Dravidic speeches, not been in a position
to explain the unaccountable material in Sanscrit, but have in-
cluded this material separately, hoping that hereby a continuation
of the substratum study would be to some extent facilitated for
others. An inquiry in this direction towards form and subject-
matter of the hitherto unaccounted for names, might possibly,
from a geographical, historical, social and literary aspect, lead to
no insignificant results 63).

The names from Buddhist and Jainistic sources, having for a part
semantic an other subject-matter, I have not included, so that the
material could be viewed against the background of the Vedic-
brahman intellectual culture, while the Hinduistic period, apart
from the changed culture, begins to present other problems, also

springing from the science of names itself, e.g. that of the titlenames,
the Mohammedan and Parseenames, the compound names, etc.

Hence there is an important difference between the material wor-
ked on by Hilka and that which follows.

Importance of the Science of Names.

Apart from their significance to the substratum study there are
also other reasons for instituting an inquiry into names. In the first
place names can be of value from an aestbetical point of view, and
add beauty to a given language and literature 64). Then again,
names belong to tbe conservative part of a language and therefore
sometimes comprise lexicological data from an earlier period 65).
This is, of course, especially so when a nomenclature developes
genealogically.

And what is more, names and their systematic study may serve
to supplement and confirm our historical knowledge, especially
when one knows a nomenclature so well that the local and chrono-
logical bounds of a name-form or the elements of a name are
definitely established 66).

A knowledge of a nomenclature, too, may prove useful to
genealogical linguistics 67). What is also of great importance is
that names may be an expression of the ideals of a people, and
consequently the bearers of them, to be more precise, may to some
extent, typify the givers 68). Betty Heimann expects, in tbis con-
nection, still more important results from this inquiry into Indian
names and herein she is not wholly unjustified 69). The writer is
quite aware that from the point of view of onomatology, this work
will not by any means satisfactorily answer to these high expecta-
tions, but he will consider his efforts amply rewarded, if he has
contributed something towards the development of tbe science of
Indian names.

The Nature of the Names,

Several onomatologians have made an attempt at formulating the
nature of names. A name may either typify a physical or mental cha-
racteristic of the bearer, communicate something concerning his fame,
arms, property etc. '^29), or say something in favour of, or express
a wish of the bearer 70). There is but one special group of names
that can be regarded as a quot;benedictionquot; ^i). Masani ^2) says quot;that

the name of a person is to be regarded as an essential part of his
personahtyquot; 73).

The question, however, as to what a name is, one must attempt
to answer from the nomenclature, while the nomenclature again
ought to be treated ethnologically, in mutual comparison with the
various peoples and stages of civihzation. What a name is in itself
is a matter for ethnology, what names are in form and meaning
belongs to the field of hnguistics, which, really, for the time being,
has its work cut out. As long as ethnology has not yet especially
treated of nomenclature and name ), isolated remarks on names
will, perhaps, continue to be somewhat one-sided, and the linguist
wdl, at most, only be able to supply data on the special group of
names investigated by him 75). Although it is not possible to deter-
mine exactly each name separately, it is necessary to make a
distinction in the ancient Sanscrit names between wish-names and
names that typify. Even in the case of such easily accountable names
as those in which parts of the body occur, it is not to be said with
certainty that they are typifying names, nor that all theoforic names
are wish-names 76),

The Form of Names 77).

Just as in other Indo-European tongues 78) a large number of
names in Sanscrit consist of two stems; which, according to the
ordinary rules of compound-formation are combined into one word
{Dîrgha-bâhu, JJaTQo-xXrjç, Sieg-fried). In some cases full names
are shortened quot;behufs ihrer Erleichterungquot; 79) (Rudra-ta by the
side of Rudra'bhat(t)a; Uargo-xXo?, IlaxQoxXrjç).

As to their meaning there are still more questions concerning full
names to be discussed, but for the present they wdl only receive
a formal treatment.

Besides a shortening of full names, a lengthening also occurs by
means of the suffix -ka (Vâyu-datta-ka).

By the side of the full-name consisting of two stems, there is the
single-stemmed name whether lengthened by suffixes or not (Deva,
Devaka. Devala, etc.). A part thereof is participial in form. The
principal question is now with respect to the Indo-European structure
of names: quot;Are the names having one stem full or abbreviated
names?quot;

In the first place the hypocoristic abbreviation of the two-stemmed
name is occasionally to be met with so), but Franke's optimistic

assertion 81); „Dafür, dasz jeder zwei-stämmige Name durch jedes
von beiden Elementen selbständig vertreten werden kann, bedarf es
keiner weiteren Exemplificirung. Beispiele dafür begegnen auf
Schritt und Trittquot;, does surely not apply to the older literature. It
is but seldom that one person is named both with a full and a
abbreviated name. By virtue of Panini'a statements, however 82)
this paucity of data is given additional clearness.

Yet Hilka 83) advises caution on this score and Betty Heimann
points out the less frequent occurrence and the more restricted pos-
sibilities of abbreviating, but then she refers most likely to the
more recent and especially to title-names 84).

Since this phenomenon occurs in the names of other Indo-Euro-
pean tongues too, abbreviation of the two-stemmed name is in
Sanscrit an incontestible fact.

But a second question is, if all the one-stemmed names may be
regarded as abbreviated names. As far as it is at all possible, Fick
is prepared to answer in the affirmative. According to him only
the quot;von Namen abgeleitetenquot; names and the group of quot;übertra-
genen oder identificierenden Namen (ursprünglich vielleicht Spitz-
und Beinamen)quot; are exceptions, and may be one-stemmed names.
Fick proves the quot;caressingquot; form of the participial names, from
names such as quot;Ayai^og etc. It is not quite the same thing when
(what Fick brings forward 85)) of two brothers, one is called
by the full name and the other by the abbreviated name. But for-
mally the shorter name, here, is a shortened name. Later onomato-
logians in this respect are far less convinced than Fick. For Justi
it is difficult to decide when in Sanscrit names a caressing suffix
is wanting 86). The epigraphic names in this connection have been
discussed by Fleet 87). The latter very cautiously remarks quot;It would
seem that Datta, Gupta etc. are abbreviations of longer namesquot;.
The only case that is epigraphically certain is Sarman for
Dmvasarman. On the other hand the omission of the second part
of the name is much more frequent. Samudra-Samudragupta,
Candra-Candragupta, Vikrama-Vikramaditya etc.

Schröder 88) thinks that Strackerjahn, Stark and Steub (hence
the same apphes to Fick) have posited one-sidedly the priority
of the two-stemmed names and have gone too far.

Solmsen considered that it was often impossible to decide the
question and looked upon Fick's method with the hypocoristica
as being one-sided 89).

Gottschald again points out that the short name was employed

as far back as the Indo-European prehistoric period 90).

Hence in this connection, it should, in the first place, be borne
in mind that nobody, not even Pick, has taken the view that all
names having one stem are abbreviations.

In the second place is the caution, in the methods of Fleet,
Solmsen, and others, and their consequent inabdity to come to any
definite conclusion, a wholesome complement to Pick's shrewdness,
with which e.g. he manages to connect the participial single-stemmed
names with full-names; even if there be some semantic relation
between the names such as Jaya-sena and Jayanta, we need not
necessarily regard Jayanta as an abbreviated name^i). Thirdly, an
abbreviated name, in so far as the bearer, or. in a stdl stronger
measure his environment, refers to the literal meaning of the name,
cannot but be regarded as a single-stemmed, independent name.
Pick may theoretically be right in saying that the name of a Greek
'InnoxTj? must not be explained by the substantivum ijinottjg, but
must be regarded as a term of endearment, e.g. from 'Inno-xlijg 92)^
I cannot but think that the friends of 'Inndxrjg have regarded his
name simply as Innottjg (unless, of course, they knew that his
full name was 7njtoxX-^g, but we are not concerned with such a
case here!)

Therefore I think the question quot;Are all single-stemmed names
abbrevations of names having two stems?quot; will, on the whole, have
to be answered in the negative, but the oppositie conclusion: quot;So
all single-stemmed names are independent onesquot; is unwarranted
just as much. If the full-name of one and the same person occurs
by the side of that of the abbreviated one. the priority of the full
name is, of course, certain. If a single-stemmed name only is found,
■I am of opinion that the question (with Solmsen) is not to be
decided, but in practice I think it will be apprehended as it stands,
without a lost element x, of which nothing at all is, or can be known
being considered. What a wide difference in results is obtained, if
we start from the independent single-stemmed name or from the
abbreviated single-stemmed one, is clearly seen from the name of
^mCcov.

R. Hirzel (Der Name, 1918 pg. 97) says: quot;I^^cov (wie i:ägt;aog
u.a.) könnte ursprünglich genannt worden sein, wer auf irgend eine
Weise den Beruf des Retters mit in die Welt bringt......quot;

Yet Pick had asserted (Die Griechischen Personennamen, 1874
pg. LH: quot;Der Unterschied zwischen den eigentlichen Kosenamen
und den Namen in participialer Form ist also keineswegs principiell,

beide hängen gleicherweise vom Vollnamen ab...quot; (and pg. LIII)
quot;jedoch ist 2:dgt;Ccov ohne Nennung des Objects, dem Namen Icoai-
jioXig gegenüber eine blasse und farblose Andeutungquot;.

Seeing that I am attempting to give a material classification of
the names in this work, I found myself faced with the question,
as to how I was to consider the single-stemmed name. I have already
stated above that I have the view that the one-stemmed name
cannot but be explained or apprehended according to the meaning
of the word employed. I am perfecdy aware in respect to persons
who have also had a two-stemmed name (but not handed down in
literature) of giving an erroneous explanation of their names, but
this objection is to some extent restricted by the definition attached
to the idea of the meaning of a name. But more about the meaning
of names later 93).

Concerning the caressing form of names, Panini had already men-
tioned the suffixes, supplemented by Pick. The usual example
Devadatta presents the following possibilities:

Devadattanbsp;Devadattaka (fem. Devadattikä)

Devanbsp;Datta

Deva-kanbsp;Datta-ka

Dev-ikanbsp;Datt-ika

Dev-iyanbsp;Datt-iya

Dev-ilanbsp;Datt-ila.

Pick also gives the following variations:
-/a Deva-lanbsp;Datta-la

-in Kumbhin (Kumbha-karna) Pälin (Räjya-päla)
-ita Änandita (Änanda-vardhana)
-ina Bhadrina (Bhadra-jaya).

We may still mention the one-stemmed names ending in the
suffix -eyu (Dharmeyu). Their number is limited 94).

The suffix -eyu is not met elsewhere in the language. It is likely
that no special meaning can be attached to it as a name-forming
suffix, which is also true of the above-mentioned suffixes -Ära, -la,
-ila, etc. 95),

Pranke 96) again refers to the enlargement of single-stemmed
names. In later names these are often tide-words.

Overagainst the generally accepted prehistoric-abbreviation hy-
pothesis there is Wackernagel's extension-hypothesis 97), but to
my knowledge nowhere accepted.

There are, too, a very large number of names I would like to
designate as secondary or indirect names. I mean by this personal

names derived from other personal (or tribal) names. These may be:

patronymica

metronymica

hyionymica

didascalonymica

ethnonymica

tatraja's.

The last two groups I have not included in this work, because
I consider it likely that persons referred to in this way have, as
a rule, also had a primary, direct name. Accordingly the ethnonymica
belongs to the tribal-names, which may be looked upon as forming
a border line both of the geographical and the personal names.
They, too, are attended with their own particular problems.

As hyionymica but two cases are quoted 98) by Gubler from
the Rgveda, so this possibility of naming too, falls out of my
enquiry. Didascalonymica are names of the Paninlya (lt; Panini)
type. Hence they revert to a direct personal name just as the
patronymica and metronymica do.

The richly developed patronymic formation is separately treated
by Gubler, both from the grammatical and other literature.

As regards form they are much more richly developed in Sanscrit
than in any other Indo-European tongue. The agreement in suffixes
is consequently very poor (only skr. -ya-s — gr. -log lt;= lat. -ius).

The patronymic formations quoted from Gubler are as follows:
(the sign — indicates that the first syllable of the leading-word
undergoes no change, ± denotes that vrddhi occurs).

1.nbsp;± -a-nbsp;11. ± -eya-nbsp;20. —' -ayani-

2.nbsp;±:' -a-nbsp;12. -eya-nbsp;21. ±' -kayani-

3.nbsp;i' -i-nbsp;13. ± -cya-nbsp;22. ±' -yayani-

4.nbsp;zh' -aA:i-nbsp;14. zt' -eyaka'nbsp;23. ± -ka- or

5.nbsp;■±' -ya-nbsp;15. ± -ayana-nbsp;± -ika-

6.nbsp;zt -ya-nbsp;16. ±' -ayana-nbsp;24. ± -ina-

7.nbsp;± -ya-nbsp;17. ± -ayana- 25. — -ina-

8.nbsp;_ -ya-nbsp;18. dz' -ayanya- 26. ±: -ara-

9.nbsp;± -iya-nbsp;19. ±.' -ayani-nbsp;Tl. zt -era-
10. _ -lya- 28. zt -aira-

The patronymic formation is also of frequent occurrence in
the second degree (Atri gt; Atreya gt; Atreyayana).

They are also formed from the abbreviated names (Bhlmasena.
Bhlma gt; Bhaima) and even from epitheta or distinctiva of the
father. Besides quot;son ofquot; they sometimes denote a more remote

descent: quot;descendant ofquot;. The unmodified form of the father's name,
however, is also commonly used as a patronymic.

The two most obvious reasons for the use of metronymica are
polygamy and illegitimacy 99).

In conclusion mention must be made of secondary name-formation:
those with upa-, denoting a younger relation of the person mentioned
in the second part. In the classic hterature a younger brother may
bear the upa-name (Yaja — Upayaja, Nanda — Upananda), in
Buddhist hterature, a son. For the classic period they might be
termed adelphonymica.

The Meaning of the Names.

It is often said of this or that name that it has no meaning. In
these cases we mean that the name, apprehended and translated
as a word yields no satisfactory or intelhgent signification. I consider
this way of reasoning fundamentally wrong. The only function of
a personal name is to point out somebody, it does not matter if
the word has any meaning of its own or not; a name is to point
out, not to have a meaning of its own. If one sets to work with
the two-stemmed names and their explanation, for instance, in such
a manner, so as to group them in meaningful, logical, and meaning-
less and unlogical names, the result wdl be nd, and as far as the
meaning of the names in general is concerned, one will achieve
nothing. The point of departure is a wrong oneioo). A more
satisfactory classification would be as follows:

There are:

I.nbsp;Isolated names. I mean by these names, those which have
been given without the names of ancestors, relations etc., having
been taken into consideration when forming the name. These names
have, for the greater part, what we might call a quot;logicalquot; meaning:
Dasaratha. Devadatta.

II.nbsp;Combined names, being names, in the giving of which, one
or more names of the parents or forefathers have been considered,
in so far that elements were taken from them in forming the new
name. These names have a quot;genealogicalquot; signification. Hence in
Mahabh. 13, 38 e.g. a king is mentioned: Oghavat, whose daughter
is called Oghavatl, and whose son Ogharatha. In the Aitareya Br.
(7, 15, 7) the names of three brothers are mentioned: Sunahpuccha,
Sunahsepa. Sunolafigula. The Puranas, the inscriptions, the hsts of
kings of Mabel Duffioi) and Pargiter every now and then give

examples of them. The relation of the burrowed part and the new
is pretty well the same as with our modern names between family
and personal names, except both of the elements have been com-
bined into one word 102).

Besides denoting the family relation the „combinedquot; name is also
used to indicate a school-connection, to which Franke has already
referred 103).

There is even the possibility of both the elements of the name
having been borrowed from other names 104).

During the life-time of the bearer (and consequently of the name
too) it is conceivable that the quot;genealogicalquot; contents are of far
more importance than the quot;logicalquot;. As for quot;meaningquot; the genea-
logical name possesses this just as much as the isolated name, but
the meaning is of quite a different nature. From the point of view
of onomatology we are just as uncertain as we were just now with
respect to the question: quot;Is the single name an abbreviation or is
it a full name?quot; In most cases we are not in a position to say
whether a name, which, when translated, renders a logical meaning,
is, indeed, an isolated name. There is stdl the possibility, in spite
of its logical meaning, that the name is in reality a genealogical
one. From the name itself this cannot be made out. In these circum-
stances we are not entitled to translate a name as an isolated word
having an independent meaning of its own. So, if the name is
endowed with a good logical meaning, all well and good, the
bearer or the users may have given the special meaning of the
name as a word some thought, but tbis does not imply that it was
given with that meaning too. This view hampers us considerably
in giving a naive explanation of the name, that is to say, the simple
translation of the name may, but need not necessarily, be right.

So, in the case of names having more than one stem, we cannot
but regard the elements separately. We can ascertain what parts
of the body, animals, colours, arms, etc. occur in the names. We
shall have a pretty good idea of the additional elements; they may
frequently offer a logical compound, sometimes they do not, but
that is of secondary importance. If we start off from a material
division, every name having more than one stem will also contain
a primary word, in which the other word may, if need be, be
regarded as an attribute. In many cases the names give the impres-
sion of being babuvrïhi-compounds, but this impression is a mis-
leading one, as has been said, since it can just as well be a genea-
logical compound.

A special phcnomen occurring in Indian names is the substitution
of a synonym or almost a synonym for one of the elements los)
e.g. Dandasena-Dandadhara, whde a gradual gaining of ground
of the title-names is to be perceived.

But for a few exceptions tide-names do not come within the
scope of this study; they come later. Hdka has clearly arranged
and discussed them 106). Here, too, there is a substitution of
synonyms

That there has been inversion in the elements of some of the
names, is very plausible; it may, however, be a case of genealogical
combination. Pick has already referred to this inversion in Indian,
Greek, German and Slavic lo^).

Names of foreign origin will require to be discussed separately.
In the first place those names will require our attention, which have
retained their foreign character and are to be accounted for from
another tongue. These I have not included here. Belonging to these
are a number of Greek names: Antiyaka {'Avxioxog), Tulamaya
(IlrohfiaXo?), Antekina {'Avi'iyovo?), Maka. (Mdyag), Alikyasu-
dala ('AU^avdgog), Heliodora ('Hhodrngog), Diya (Aicov),
Amtialikita ('AvTiaXmda?). Others are of Dravidic origin 109). Their
tracing demands a good deal of shrewdness; those of Austric origin
perhaps still more, especially when the words have assumed a form
allowing of an explanation from Sanscrit too no). The latter may
be a result of Sanscritizing, in part m) or completely 112)_ but need
not necessily be sons). Translations, are, of course, conceivable
too, in which case the explanation would at least be a correct one.
As to the possibilities of explanation from the Austric and Dra-
vidian languages, I am not qualified to make a single statement
oc conclusion.

What we are to look for in the name is an individual, and not
in all cases a typifying assignment. Sometimes the name according
to its meaning is for certain persons absurd n^). A question in
itself is whether we conceive a certain given compound wrongly.
It is in this manner that Hirtns) refers to the Germanic name
of Sigimundus, the first part of which he does not regard as sigu
— victory but as sigi- exe-. As a consequence of this it
can by no means be translated as quot;Sieg und Friedequot;, but as quot;Er
bewahrt den Friedenquot;. What a great difference!

In addition to this there is the wide field and vastness of the
possibilities of compound-formation, especially in Sanscrit. Strictly
speaking a name is an incomplete sentence. Balasva e.g. is the pro-

nounccd part of a sentence something to this effect: quot;this is a
power-horse manquot;.

But how are we now to look upon Balasva quot;Power-horsequot;?
As bahuvrlhi, typifying, singular: quot;who has a powerful horsequot;.

plural: quot;who has powerful horsesquot;,
wishing, singular: quot;who may have a powerful horsequot;,
plural: quot;who may have powerful horsesquot;.
As karmadharaya quot;being a powerful horsequot; is less plausible,
but there is always a chance of our being concerned with what
Fick calls a quot;reversed namequot; Strictly speaking the name would
then be Asvabala i.e.

typifying: quot;who is as strong as a horsequot;,
wishing: quot;who may be as strong as a horsequot;.
Thirdly it might be a genealogical name-compound signifying
approximately: quot;the powerful one of the family Asvaquot; as well
as typifying: quot;who is powerfulquot; as wishing: quot;who may be
powerfulquot;. So in the case of the name Balasva whose composite
elements according to their meaning are so clearly defined, eight
possible meanings spring at once into evidence ii®). And now if
there are parts of a name having various meanings e.g. Satyabhama
(bhama 1° hght, 2° wrath; bhama — passionate woman), then
there may be dozens of ways of explaining them. In the case of
the simple word we are, at least, only concerned with the meaning
of one word, but whether the meaning is intended to be typifying,
wishing or comparative in addition to whether the name has been
abbreviated or not, all this practically entirely precludes our arriving
at a final decision concerning its meaning. The multiplicity of
meanings of the names in Sanscrit is, in virtue of the reasons stated
above, exceedingly great I am of the opinion that in respect
to Indian names we shall have to embrace Gottschald's standpoint
that it is possible we apprehend the correct meaning but not for
certain 120),

An oudine of the formation and meaning of Sanscrit names may
be compded as follows:

The isolated two-stemmed namenbsp;type a—^b.

The isolated abbreviated namenbsp;„ a or b.

The combined two-stemmed name
The abbreviation of the combined name
The one-stemmed unabbreviated name
The wholly unaccountable name
The partially translated or Sanscritized name

The name having a title is capable of being formed from any
of the above-mentioned types.

Virtually the types a, b. d, and e cannot, in many cases, be
distinguished.

All the names of persons in the texts in question have been
included in this work, so among which, most probably, not a single
guhyam (rahasyam) nama is to be found. There are, however,
among the names mentioned also naksatra-names. It seems to me
that the naksatras were also employed in the formation of the
ordinary names just as the rules met with in the sutras 121) have,
by no means, been strictly adhered to in the formation of the names!
Anything resembhng the European pseudonym and the Arabian
^jaLy- is unknown in Sanscrit hterature. It is certain that there
are also concealed names among them given by teachers to their
pupils 122) and najjjgg assumed by kings on their ascending the

throne 123).

Systematic Classification.

Before compiling a classifying principle of my own, I just wish

to recall the classification of modern Hindu names of Masani i24).

Masani says: „Hindu nomenclature may be classed as follows:
names

1.nbsp;gratifying rehgious sentiments,

2.nbsp;denoting affection or esteem,

3.nbsp;springing from superstitions,

4.nbsp;influenced by customs,

5.nbsp;reflecting qualities of mind or body,

6.nbsp;taken from names of ancient kings and heroes,

7.nbsp;derived from the names of week-days and months,

8.nbsp;derived from useful objects in daily use.quot;

It will be difficult to distinguish those under 1, 3 and 6 in the
older nomenclature, while in the case of 4 the genealogical and title-
names appear to be of great importance. For the rest, it appears
from this classification that the modern Hindu names in general
have the same contents as the older names. One case of superstition
has undoubtedly, both in ancient and modern times, remained the
same viz. the case of the ugly names, termed the opprobrious names.
Masani says and rightly: quot;These are given in the hope of saving
children from the influence of the evil eyequot; 125). So they have a
wishing purpose. But the typifying opprobrious name is also possible,

so it will not do to classify all the opprobrious names as superstitious
ones under one heading.

Whereas Pick has only an alphabetical classification, Hdka has
given a classification of the material. His headings are as follows:

1.nbsp;Theophoric names.

2.nbsp;Nature-names.

3.nbsp;Circumstances of birth.

4.nbsp;Age and relationship.

5.nbsp;Geographical and ethnical names.

6.nbsp;Parts of the body, clothing, ornaments.

7.nbsp;Quabties of tbe mind.

8.nbsp;Human conditions of all kinds.

9.nbsp;Concrete names.

10.nbsp;Tides.

11.nbsp;Names of women.

The following division seems to me to be the clearest:

I. Names containing elements in connection with religion and
ideas about world and life.

1.nbsp;Names of gods, naksatras, stars, words having a bearing
on ritual.

2.nbsp;Metaphysical ideas in their bearing on human bfe (karman,
tapas, dharma, vrata, yoga, samsara, samadhi).

II.nbsp;Names containing hoministic elements.

1.nbsp;Tbe body and parts of the body.

2.nbsp;Character.

3.nbsp;Knowledge and intelbgence.

4.nbsp;Power.

5.nbsp;Glory and prosperity.

6.nbsp;Birth, life and death.

7.nbsp;Mankind.

8.nbsp;Race, social position, caste.

9.nbsp;Natural relationship.

10.nbsp;Professions and callings.

III.nbsp;Names containing cultural elements.

1.nbsp;Poods and beverages.

2.nbsp;Clothing and ornaments.

3.nbsp;Dwelbngs, buddings, mode of dwelling.

4.nbsp;Armaments, weapons.

5.nbsp;Horses.

6.nbsp;Chariots.

7.nbsp;Cattle, sheep and goats.

8.nbsp;Other cultural goods.

IV.nbsp;Names containing elements borrowed from nature.

1.nbsp;Animals.

2.nbsp;Trees and plants.

3.nbsp;Inanimate nature.

V.nbsp;Names that do not allow of classification elsewhere.

1.nbsp;Numbers and pronominal words.

2.nbsp;Colours.

3.nbsp;Names allowing of more than one explanation and
a (b) d formations.

VI. Names which are not to be explained from Sanscrit.

The most extensive groups are those of the theophoric names
(I. 1), those of the somatic names (II, 1), and the character-names
(II. 2). Less developed but of considerable extent are the groups
of power-names (II, 4), names expressing happiness and glory
(II. 5) arms (III, 4). names of plants (IV, 2) and names of
animals (IV, 1).

I consider it a fact of importance that the oldest material I have
collected is positive, I mean by this that it lacks the spirit of the
negative philosophy and view of hfe so typical of the later
brahman, buddhist and jainistic world of thought 126). Hardly
anything about karma, samsära, moksa. The Indian names may be
put on a par with the Hellenic and Germanic, they breathe an
animated, combative, many-sided inspiration, diametrically opposed
to the fundamental thoughts of Indian philosophy.

The Material dealt with.

The matter is derived from Vedic, epic, grammatical and puranic
sources, in addition to inscriptions.
For Veda have been consulted (referred to by V.):

1.nbsp;Vedic Index of Names and Subjects by A. A. Macdonell and
A. B. Keith. London. 1912.

2.nbsp;Das Jaiminlya-Brähmana in Auswahl. Text. Übersetzung. In-
dices von W. Caland. Verh. Kon. Ak. v. W. Amsterdam. Letter-
kunde 1918. The indices comprise the whole Brähmana.

3.nbsp;The Baudhayana Srauta Sotra edited by Dr. W. Caland. Index
in Vol. III. Calcutta. 1913.

For the Grammar (referred to by G.):

Pänini's Grammatik. Herausgegeben von Otto Böthbngk. Leip-
zig, 1887.
For tbe Epics (referred to by E.):

1.nbsp;An Index to tbe names in the Mahabbarata by S. Sörensen f.
London, 1904-'25.

2.nbsp;Das Rämäyana. Geschichte und Inhalt, von Hermann Jacobi.
Bonn, 1893.

For the Puräna's (referred to by P.):

1.nbsp;The Visnu Puräna, H. H. Wdson — Fitzedward Hall. London
1864.

2.nbsp;The Märkandeya Puräna, translated by F. Eden Pargiter,
B. A. Calcutta 1904.

For the inscriptions (referred to by I.):

1.nbsp;Corpus inscriptionum indicarum Vol. III. Inscriptions of the
early Gupta kings and their Successors by J. F. Fleet. Calcutta
1888.

2.nbsp;A bst of Brahmi inscriptions from the earliest times to about
A. D. 400 with exception of those of Asoka by Professor H.
Lüders. Calcutta 1912. (Appendix to Epigraphia Indica Vol. X.)
All the proper names from these inscriptions have been put
into this list by Lüders.

3.nbsp;A list of the inscriptions of Northern India written in Brahmi
and its derivative scripts from about A. C. 300. By D. R.
Bhandarkar. Calcutta 1931. Epigraphia Indica Vol. XIX.

The material up to about 500 p. Chr. n. has been utilized.
Also names have been included from other sources, but only as
additional ones. (From: Petersb. Wörterbuch; Schmidt's Nachträge;
Aitareya Äranyaka, by Keith; Ancient Indian Historical Tradition
by F. E. Pargiter; Das Puräna Paücalaksana Von W. Kirfel, and
other works).

State and Reliability of the Sources.

As to the reliabdity of the sources the inscriptions, of course,
come first, seeing that they have no text history and all the diffi-
culties attaching to these. The literary sources are not invariably
sound. In a work as this is, a study in the criticism of texts con-
cerning the individual names would be quite out of tbe question.
Here follow a few general remarks of qualified scholars, showing
how the form of names may be modified. The changes are of two
sorts: linguistic and graphical. Linguistic modifications often own
their existance to Prakrit-forms. Pargiter 127) explains doublets

such as Dusyanta and Dussanta, also Duhsanta; Nabhäka (Vedic)
and Nabhäga (puranic); Brhaduktha and Brhaduttha.

Graphical changes arise occasionally by misunderstanding a
whole sentence 128) _ but mostly by wrongly reading a character
or a group of characters.

In all four of the literary fields from which the material has been
gathered we find cases that are hopelessly confused, but most of
them in the puränas, also by the fact that the same person is often
mentioned in several puränas. Hence in this respect the works of
Pargiter and Kirfel are of great importance. Where the confusion
cannot be unraffled, I could not see my way to take it up. For
instance the index of Caland's Baudh. Sr. S. quot;Dädhresi, a vatsa
bhrguquot;, but the variae lectiones (III, 417): dädtesi, dadhresaki,
dädhresakäki, dadhreyaka, dsdhredyaki.

Both in Vedic literature and later cases of this sort are not
infrequent.

For the ganapätha by Panini, Wackernagel's opinion should be
adhered to: quot;die Überheferung ist im Einzelnen sehr unsicherquot; 129).
Some ganas are äkrtiganas too, hence in this case we have only
one row of examples, and not all the names belonging to one
special rule.

Fortunately Sörensen's Index gives both, when the Bombay and
Calcutta versions vary.

The most variation is found in the puranic material. According

to Kirfel quot;kann nur ein Ted der ...... Textausgaben als einiger-

massen zuverlässig und kritisch geltenquot; iso). The material
in Wdson's index of the Visnu Puräna has at any rate to some
extend been corrected I3i).

Yet there is some regularity to be detected in these palaeogra-
phical variants, the most important of which have been called
attention to by Pargiter 132). In quite a number of cases I have
apphed his hypotheses and give them in brief here:

1.nbsp;Omission of one part:

Senajit — Prasenajit. Smta — Susmta.

2.nbsp;Misunderstanding:
Vasumato — ca Sumati.

3.nbsp;Metathesis:
Durdama — Durmada.

4.nbsp;dh — v(b)nbsp;[ V ^ ^ J
Dhyusitäsva — Vyusitäsva.

5.nbsp;r—V, e.g. in Bengal script
Aradhinbsp;— Avadhlta

6.nbsp;V ~ cnbsp;[ -ST ]

Aravinnbsp;— Avacina (containing 5 as well as 6)

7.nbsp;tr — vnbsp;[ ^ ]
Trasadasyu — Vasuda

S. r — kr — kra — ka [ ^ U ^ ^ 1

Rta — Krta — Kratu
9. dh — ghnbsp;[ -g ^ ]

Dharma — Gharma
10. ghf — dyunbsp;f ^ ^

Ghrtanbsp;— Dyuta

U.t-j

Devarata — Devaraja
n.p — ynbsp;[TT^]

Sampati — Samyati
13. th — pynbsp;[ ^ -cn

Samthanbsp;— Sarupya

s — bhnbsp;[ ^ 1

Sindhudvipa — Bhindhudvipa

15.nbsp;gu — sva-nbsp;[ quot;T 'S' ]
Ahtnagu — Ahinasva

16.nbsp;Omission of an initial r-
Rantinara — Antinara

17.nbsp;ma — a

Matinara — Antinara
In the case of 16 and 17 the cause is likely a wrong conception
of sandhi (metanalysis). The r or m was put in the preceding word.

Some confusion in letters is of course not to be accounted for
straight from the Devanagari writing, but undoubtedly refer to
other forms of writing.

Of course not all forms of confusions have been summarized
here. Thus Macdonell and Keith 133) give

18.nbsp;quot;s and kh are constantly interchanged in manuscriptsquot;
[XT ^ 1 .

Hall 134) gives two possible explanations of sn — st:

19.nbsp;quot;This and similar corruptions may have originated in the
all but undistinguishable way in which sn and st are written in
tnany MSS. Or they may have arisen from local peculiarity of
pronunciation: thus, in Bengal, the sn of Krsna has the sound
of stquot; [ TJJT -g ] .

A summary as above clearly shows what a wide field palaeo-
graphy opens up for hypotheses in these questions. Yet I consider
it very desirable that this field should not be entered too far, unless
one is equipped with a good knowledge of palaeography. I have
availed myself but little of these various possible explanations, but
besides those mentioned above, there were some graphical inter-
changes, which were so self-evident that they needed no proof.
I have already referred to:
20. rava — kha

Ravana — Khana. [nbsp;]

Another graphical interchange is possible:
21- quot; — Inbsp;[ ^ ^ ] , and e.g., in Bengal script!]

Bhalandana — Bhanandana 135).

22.nbsp;sva — khanbsp;[nbsp;]

(See P. W. sub voce khala:) svalada — khalada.
And what possibilities do not the variants;

23.nbsp;Usangunbsp;[ 31TT ] Usadgu [nbsp;j ^
open up for the confusing of ng and dgl

In conclusion may still be mentioned the interchanging of a and i
in names pointed out by Bloch 136).

Historicity.

That the bearers of many of the names collected here have
really been historical personages, with the exception of inscription
names, is in many cases highly improbable. It is least unlikely in
the genealogies 137), although Pargiter rightly remarks: quot;the his-
torical sense being lacking, the difference between reality and
mythology became obliterated. So history was mythologizedquot; i38).

In its bearing on Vedic tradition the Vedic Index saysiss):
quot;The evidence is occasionally insufficient to show whether the
name represents an actual historical personage: a demon or a
mythical hero or priest may be meantquot;. This is very evident in
a number of beings mentioned in the Vedas, whom P. W. calls
quot;demonsquot;, but who are now generally regarded as tribe-leaders,
who opposed the invading Aryans i^o).

Oldenberg speaks of the quot;Pseudo-tradition of the Anukramaniquot;,
but considers the pravara-lists much more reliable I'^i). He thinks
that the eight rsis even in Vedic times belong to a mythical period.

Zimmer is of opinion that the singular forms such as Bhrgu and
Angiras have been reconstructed from the plural-forms later on 142).
In this case, then, they are not names of persons, let alone names
of historical personages. In this way the figure of Kasyapa would
have gained in significance by the likeness of his name to that of
Pcajapati.

Pargiter places great confidence in epical-puranic tradition, but
according to Oldenberg the poets of the great epics could not
have had any real knowledge of the ancient Vedic figures 143).
Occasionally the Vedic Index also carries on a controversy against
Pargiter's great confidence in tradition 144).

The puranic descriptions of the Kabyuga are. in spite of their
profetic form, descriptions of a fairly recent past and as such are.
on the whole, undoubtedly trustworthy. But older names i.e. names
from older periods are often withheld from our field of vision by
euhemeristic influences 145).

On the other hand there is a humanizing tendency with respect
to mythical figures 146).

Neither is it certain, without more ado. whether, for instance in
the case of Drona the name is not to be accounted for from the
history of the personage concerned, or the reverse, the history from
the name.

It will have happened a time or two that one's second or nick-
name will have been used 147).

From the above it will be pretty evident that but a very restric-
ted number of the names collected will have been borne by his-
torical personages. In spite of this, however, the names as such
have retained their value: historical and non-historical names do
not allow, by any manner of means, of any distinction being made.
They are all true Sanscrit names 148).

A detailed reference to the sources will only be given where
necessary.

The abbreviations have already been given with the references.

In general, the references are taken from Whitney's Roots, viz.:

V. = Vedic.

G. = Grammatical.

E. = Epic.

P. = Puranic.

I. = Inscriptions.

A plus sign ( ) has been -added when a name is still met with
after a certain period.

Names having a patronymic form are indicated by a preceding
p., the metronymic by a m.

Names of women are indicated by a preceding f.

NAMES.

Classification of the names of persons according to the meaning
of the names as a whole or according to their principal ele-
ment. 149)

I. NAMES CONTAINING ELEMENTS IN CONNECTION
WITH RELIGION AND IDEAS ABOUT
WORLD AND LIFE.

1. Names of gods, nak^tras, stars,
words having a bearing on rituaL

A. GODS AND DEMONS (THEOPHORIC NAMES), iso)

Sikhavant:

Sikhavant E .
To these must also be added:
Idhmajihva P.
Idhmavaha V.
Jamadagni V . 154)
Names relating to Agni as: 155^
Chagalaga 1.156)

Ap s a r a s : 15T)
f. Alambusa E .
f. Menaks E .
f. Ghrtaci E .

Ar juna (as Nara): i58)
Nara G ,
Naradatta I.
Naravarman I.
Naranta P.

A r y a m a n :

Aryamadatta G.
with the hypocoristica: 159)
Aryamika G.
Aryamiya G.
Aryamila G.

I n d r a :

Indrakausika V.
Indradamana E.
Indradasa P.
Indradyumna V .
Indrapalita P.
Indrapramati P. leo)
Indrapramada V.
Indrabhu V.
Indravarman E.
Indrasarman G.
Indrasena E .
f. Indrasena E .
Indrastambha V.
Indrahu G.

Indrâtithi V.
Indrâbha E.

Indrota (= Indra-ûta) V
Other names of Indra:
Ajâtasatru:

Ajatasatru V .
Ajâta P. 161)
Mahendra:

Mahendra P .
Meghavahana:
Meghavâhana E.
Meghayâti P.
Vâsava:

f. Vasavadattâ G.
Sakra:

Sakrajit P.
Sakradeva E.
To these also belongs:
Kakutstha E . i62)
Indra's vajra:

Vajra V .
f. Vajrajvâlâ E.
Vajradatta E.
Vajranâbha P.
Vajramitra P.
Vajrasirsa E.
Indra's samba:
p. Samba E. 163)
Sambapâla I.
Indra's horse:

Uccaihsravas V .

Usas:
f. Usa P.
also:

Vasâti E.

Kama:

Kama G.
f. Kâmâ E.

Kâmaviddha G.

Other names of Kama:
Anahga:
p. Ânahgi V.
Grtsa:

Grtsamada V .
Pradyumna:

Pradyumna G .
And his wife Priti:
f. Priti P.

K u b e r a :

Kubera V .
as Naravahana:

Naravâhanadatta I.

Krsna:i64)

Krsna V .
Krsnadatta V.
Krsnadhrti V.
Krsnarâja I.
Krsnarâta V.
• Krsnätreya V .

G a n g â :
Gahga I.
Gafiginas V.
p. Gängäyana V.
p. Gâfigeya V.

G a n e s a :
as Ganapati:
Ganapati G.
Ganapatinâga I.
as Lambodara:
Lambodara P.

Candra:i65)

Candra P.
p. Cândrâyana V.
Candraketu E .
Candragupta P .

Candradeva E.
Candrabhänu P.
Candravarman E .
Candrävaloka P.
Candrasrï P.
Candrasena E.
Candrodaya E.
p. Cândramasa V.
Dâmacandra E.
Nrcandra P.
Vasucandra E.
Satacandra E.
Sucandra E .
Surasmicandra I.
Other names of Candra
Kaiävant:
f. Kalâvati P.
Darsa:

Darsa P.
Pûrnamâsa:

POrnamâsa P.
Sasin:

Sasigupta P.
Sudhâsû:

Sudhâsûka P.
Himagu:

p. Haimagava V.

T a k s a n,
as Visvakarman:
Visvakarman V

•

D u r g ä :

Durga G .
Durgâ as
Ambâ:
f. Ambâ E.
Ambikâ:

f. Ambikâ G .

Kumârï:

f. Kumâri E.

f. Kumärikä G.
Gauri;
f. Gauri P.
Candä:

Canda G .
PrabhävatI:
f. Prabhävati E.
Madirä:

f- Madirä E .

Dyaus :

Divodäsa V .
Divya P.
Brhaddiva V.

Naraka:
Naraka P.

N ä g a's :

Nägadatta E .
Nägabhatta I.
Nägasarman I.
Nägasimha I.
Nägasena P .
Sisunäga P.
To which may also be added:
Ajagaradäsa I.
Arbuda V.
Abi P.

Abicumbaka G.
Bhujangadäsa I.
Sayu V.
Sarpamäbn E.
f. Sarparäjni V.
Sarpi V. 166)

Närada:
Närada E .
Näradin E.

P a r j a n y a :
Parjanya P.

P u r u s a:

Purusaprabbu P.
as Sabasrapad:

Sabasrapad E.
as Näräyana:
Näräyana V 4-.

B r a h m a n :

Brbadbrabman E.
Brabmakrta G.
Brabmadatta V .
Brahmabali P.
Brahmamitra G ,
Brahmaräta P.
Brahmavrddhi V.
Brahmastambha V.
as Sanätana:

Sanätana V 4-.
as Svayambhü:

Svayambhodeva I.
To which also belongs:

Brahmadanda P.
Hamsa as animal of Brahman:
Hamsa E .
Hamsaka G 4-,
f. Hamsi E.

B h a g a :

Bhagadatta E 4-.
f. Bhagalä G.

The Maruts:
Marutta V 167)
Marud-eva P.
p. Märuta V.
as Udaväha:
p. Audavähi V.

The Mätarah:i68)
Mätrceta I.
Mätrtula I.

Matrdasa I.
Matrvisnu I.
Matrsarman I.
Matrsiva I.

Matarisvan: 169)
Matarisvan V.

Mi tr a :

Mitra G .
p. or m. Maitreya V . 170)
f. Maitreyi V.
Mitradeva E.
Mitrabhanu E.
Mitrabhu V .
Mitrabhuti V.
Mitravarcas V.
Mitravarman E.
Mitrasena E.
Mitrasvamin I.
Mitratithi V.

The Y a k s a's :
Yaksa E.
Yaksadatta I.

Y a m a :
Yama P.
Yamaduta V .
Yamastambha V.
To which belong:

Kalanala P.
p. Kalayani P,
Dandapani P.

L a k s m i:
f. Laksmivati I.
as MahadevI:

Mahadevideva I.
as Sri:

Sridharavarman I.

Srldaman P.
f. Srideva P.
Sribhanu P.

Vnbsp;a r u n a :
p. Varuni V.

Varunasarman I.

Vnbsp;a y u :

Vayuka G.
Vayucakra E.
Vayujvala E.
Vayudatta G.
Vayubala E.
Vayumandala E.
Vayuraksita I.
Vayuretas E.
Vayustambha V.
Vayuhan E.
To which also belong:
Anila P.
Vataki G.

Vnbsp;i s n u :

Devavisnu I.
Dhanyavisnu I.
Matrvisnu I.
Visnu G .
Visnugopa I.
Visnutrata I.
Visnudasa I.
Visnudeva I.
Visnupalitabhatta I.
Visnuyasas P.
Visnuraksita I.
Visnuvardhana I.
Visnuvrddha V .
Visnusimha I.
Visnusena I.
Visnustambha V.

Of the many avataras and
by-names of Visnu the follow-
ing are met with in names:
Acyuta:

Acyuta I.
Ananta:

Ananta P.
f. Ananta E.
Anantaka P.
Anantavarman I.
Upendra:

Upendradatta G.
Kesava:

Kesava I.
Gopati and Gopa:
f. Gopajala P.
Gopati E.
Gopavana V.
Gopasvamin I.
Gopadhya I.
Goparaja I.
Govinda:
Govinda I.
Govindagupta I.
Govindasvamin I.
Janardana:

Janardana P.
Trikakud:

Trikakud P.
Damodara:

Damodara I.
Nanda:

Nanda E .
f. Nanda E.
Nandaka E.
Nandana P .
Padmanabha:

Padmanabha E.
Baladeva (Bala, Balabhadra,
Balarama, Samkarsana,
Halayudha): 171)

Bala E .
p. Bala G.
f.p. Bala G.
f. Bala P.

Baladeva E -t-.
Balabandhu E .
Balabhadra P.
Balavardhana E.
Balavarman I.
Samkarsana E.
Halayudha P.
Bahurupa:

Bahurflpa P.
Bhartr:
Bhatti I.
Bhattisura I.
Bhattisoma I.
Bhati:
Bhuti P.
Bhutinanda P.
Mahidhara (Mahldhra);
Mahidhara E.
Mahidhraka E.
Yajiiapati:

Yajnapati G.
Rantideva:

Rantideva E .
Rama: 172)

f. RamadevI I.

Ramacandra P.
Varaha: quot;3)
Varaha E.
Varahadasa I.
Varahadinna I. 174)
Vasu:
Vasu I.
Vasula I.
Vikuntha:

Vikunthana E.
p. Vaikuntha P.
Visvaksena:

Visvaksena V . i75)
Visvavasu:

Visvavasu E .
Vrsa:

Vrsavarman E.
Svamin:

Svamidatta I.
Svamidasa I.
Svamibhata I.
Hari:

Hari E.
Haritrata I.
Harimedhas E.
Harivarman I.
Hariscandra E .
Harisena G .
Haryavana P.
And these too:
Garuda:
Garuda P.
Pannagari P.
Suparna E.
Cakra: 176)
Cakra G.
Cakraka E.
Cakradeva E.
Cakradhanus E.
Cakrapahta I.

Vctala:
p. Vaitala P.
p. Vait^aki P.

Si va :

Siva G .
f. Siva E.
p. Saiva (?) V.
Sivagupta I.
Sivadatta P.
Sivadasa I.
Sivamegha I.

Sivasri P.
Sivaskandha P.
Sivasvati P.
Sivaku G.
p. Saivapathi V. 177)
And many by-names of Siva:
Abhaya:

Abhaya E .
Abhayajata V.
Abhayada P.
Abhayadatta I.
Acala:

Acala E .
Acalavarman I.
Isana:

Isanavarman I.
Isvara:

Isvara E .
Isvaradasa I.
Isvaravarman I.
Isvarasena P.
Usangu:

Usangu E.
Gopah:

Gopah V. 178)
Pasupati:

Pasupati G
p. Pasupata I.
Bhava:

Bhava E
p. Bhavaka P.
Bhavatrata V.
Bhavasvamin I.
Mahadeva:

Mahadeva I.
Mahesvara:

Mahesvaranaga I.
Rudra:
f. Rudra P.
p. Raudra E.
Rudradaman I.

Rudradeva I.
Rudradhara I.
Rudrabhuti V .
f. Rudramati I.
Rudrasarman I.
Rudrasena E.
Rudrasoma I.
Rudrila I.
Lambana:

Lambana P.
Varna:

Vama E .
Vamaka P.
Virabhadra:

Virabbadra E.
Vrsadbvaja:

Vrsadbvaja E.
Sankara:

Sankara P.
Sahkaragana I.
Sankarasimba I.
Sarva:

Sarva P.
Sarvadatta V .
Sarvanaga I.
Sarvanatha I.
Sarvavarman I.
Sarvasvamin I.
Sasvata:

Sasvata P.
Sthanu:

Stbanudatta I.
Hara:

Hara E.
Siva's club:

Kbatvahga E .
§iva's bull:
Nandin:

Nandin I.
f. Nandini P.

Nandivardbana E .

Siva's servants (gana):
Gana G . 179)

S a s t b i :

Sasthidatta I.

S a r a s v a t i :
f. Sarasvati P.
m. Sarasvata E
as Srutadevi:
f. Srutadeva P.

S i n d b u :
Sindbuka P.
Sindbuksit V.
Sindbuvirya P.
Sindbudvipa E

S u r y a :

Suryadatta E .
Suryabbasa E.
Suryavarman E .
Suryastambba V.
Many other names of Surya:
Arka:

Arka G .
p. Arkayana V.

Arkaja E.
Aditya:
Aditya I.
Adityavarman I.
Divakara:

Divakara P.
Divakaradatta I.
Divakarasvamin I.
Dhanvantari:

Dhanvantari V .
Pradyotana:

Pradyotana P.
Prabhakara:

Prabhakara P .

Bhanu:

Bhanu E .
Bhanugupta I.
f. Bhanugupta I.
Bhanudatta E.
Bhanudeva E.
Bhanumant V .
f. Bhanumati E.
Bhanumitra P.
Bhanuratha P.
Bhanusena E.
Bhaskara:

Bhaskara V .
Bhaskaradatta I.
Ravi:

Ravi E.
Ravikirtti I.
Ravidatta I.
Ravisanti I.
Viro can a:

Virocana E .
Visvanara:

Visvanara G.
Savitar:

f. Savitrl E .
The waggoner Aruna:

Aruna V .
The sun-steed Etasa:

Etasa V .
Under this group may also be
arranged:

Udayana P. 180)
Udayasena I. isi)
Rahula P. i82)
Bimbisara P. 183)
Mihiravarman 1.184)

S k a n d a :
Skanda G -I-.
Skandagupta 1.
Skandapala I.

Skandabhata I.
Skandasvati P.
Other names of Skanda:
Kumara: 185)

Kumaragupta P .
Kumaradeva I.
f. Kumaradevi I.
Kumarasanti I.
Kumarasena I.
Kumarilapatika I.
Guha:

Guha V .
Guhasena I.

The following names bear a
more general relation towards
gods and demons:
A j a :

Ajabandhu G.

A m r t a :

Amrta P.
f. Amrta E.

A s u r a :
p. Asuri V.
p. Asurayana V.
p. Asurayani E.

Rta:

RtabhagaV .
Rteyu E .

Gandharva:

Gandharvayana V.

Deva:

Deva P -!-.
Devaka V -f-.
Devaki V.
f. Devaki E .

m. Devakiputra V.
Devaksattra P.
Devaja P.
p. Daivati G.
Devatara G.
Devataras V.
Devatarasa V.
Devatajit P.
Devadatta P.
Devadarsa P.
Devadyumna P.
Devanaga I.
Devabhattaraka I.
Devabhaga V ,
Devabhuti P.
Devabhraj E.
Devamata E.
p. Daivamati V.
p. Daivamatya V.
Devamitra G .
DevamJdha E.
Devamldhusa P.
Devayajna G.
Devayata V.
f. Devayani E ,
Devaraksita P.
Devaratha G.
Devarata V ,
Devala V .
Devavant V .
Devavarman P.
Devavata V.
Devasaman E .
Devasravas V .
Devasravasa V.
Devasthana E.
p. Daivasthani V .
Devasvamin I.
Devabavya E.
Devahu G.
Devahotra E.

Devadhya I.
Devatitbi V
Devadhipa E.
Devanika P.
Devapi V .
Devaraja E.
Devavrdha E .
p. Daivavrdha V.
Devasva V.
Devahvaya E.
Devika G.
f. Devika P.

Ugradeva (Ugra°) V.
Upadeva P.
f. Upadeva P.
f. UpadevI P.
f. Dhrtadeva P.
f. Mayadevi P.
Vamadeva V .
Sabadeva V .
f. Sahadeva P.

Sudeva V
f. Sudeva E.
f. Sudevala V.

Nrcaksus: 186)
Nrcaksus P.

Paramesthin:
Paramesthin E .

Pitarah :
Pitrka G.
Pitrdatta G.
Pitrvartin P.

Bhagavant (Siva or Visnu);

Bhagavaddosa I.
p. Bhagavata P.

Bhflta :
Bhuta G
Bhutananda P.
Bhutasarman E.

BhOri:
Bhüri V .

Vasu:

Vasu V .
Vasudatta I.
Vasudeva E .
p. Vasudeva G.
Vasudharman E.
Vasumitra E.
Vasurata P.
Vasurocis V.

Vibhu:
Vibhu E .
Vibhudatta I.

S u d h ä (Nectar):
Sudhavant G.

S u r a :

Sura V.
p. Saurakäyana V.
Surakrt E.
Suräksara V.

Sambhu : ist)
Sambhu V .
Sambhuyayya I.

The general ideas of quot;givenquot;
and quot;servantquot; come in here too:
Atidatta P. iss)
Trata V .
Datta V .
f. Datta G.

Dattatreya E. 189)
Dista P. 190)
Sudatta V .
p. Saudasa E .

Sudesna P.
f. Sudesna E.

Suparidatta G.
to which belong the
hypocoristica:
Supari G.
Suparika G.
Supariya G.
Suparila G.

Also the following names, to
wind up with, can be explained
mythologically:
p. Nastrayana V.
Bappasvamin I. i9i)
Bhimavarman I.
Sampati E .192)

B. STARS AND PLANETS, NAKSATRAS.

Many names of stars and
planets occur in the names of
persons:

Angara:
Angara E.
Ahgäraka E.
Angärasetu P.
as Mangala:
p. Mängala V.
p. Märigah V.

Arundhati:
f. Arundhati E .

A s ä d h ä :
Asädha V.
Asädhi V.
p. Asädha V .
p. Asädhi V.

Uttänapäda:
Uttänapäda P.

Ketu : 193)
Ketu V .
Ketumala P.
Ketuvarman E.
Ketusrnga E.

T a r a k a :

Tarakadya V.
p. Tarakayana V.

D h r u V a :

Dhruva E .
f. Dhruvaka G.

Dhruvadatta I.
f. Dhruvadevi I.
Dhruvasarman I.
Dhruvasena I.

B a h u 1 a :

Bahula E .
f. Bahula P.
p. Bahulaki V.
p. Bahuli E.

Budha:

Budha V . 194)
Budhagupta I.
p. Baudhayana V .
m. Baudhlputra V.
p. Baudhya V .

Brhaspati:

Brhaspati V . 195)
Brhaspatika G.
Brhaspatigupta V.
Brhaspatidatta G.
as Caru:
Caru P.
Carugupta P.
Carudharman P.
f. Carumatl P.
Caruvinda P.
Bhadracaru P.

S u k r a :

Sukra V 4-.
as 3veta: i96)
Sveta E 4-.
Svetiya V.
as Bhrgu:
p. Bhargava P.
Bhrgubhumi P.

M a n d a :

Mandapala E 4-.

Names connected with

Naksatras:

Abhijit:

Abhijit G 4-.
p. Abhijita V.

A r d r a :
Ardra P.
Ardraka P.

C i t r a :

Citra V4-.
Citraka E 4-.
Citranatha P.
Citravarman E.
p. Caitreya V.

J y e s t h a :
Jyestha E.

Punarvasu:
Punarvasu P 4-.

P u s y a :

Pusya P.
p. Pausya E.
p. Pausyi V.
Pusyagupta I.

Prostbapada:
Prosthapada V.

PhalgunI or Phalgu:
Phalgudatta (Phal°) 1.197)

Müla :
Mülaka P.
Müladeva G .

R e V a t i:
f. Revati G .

R o h i n i:

Rohina G.
f. Rohini G .
p. Rauhina V.
p. Rauhinya V.
as Sakata:

Sakata G.
p. Säkatäyana V.

V i s ä k h ä :
p.f. Vaisäkhl P.
as Rädhä;

Rädha V.
Rädhika P.
f. Rädhä P.

S r a V a n a :

Sravanadatta V.

Sravisthä:
p. Srävisthäyana V.

Sväti:
Sväti P.
Svätikarna P.
Svätisena P,
Svätisvämin I.
Sivasväti P. 198)
In general:

Sunaksatra P.

C. RITUAL.

a. Sacrificial Acts:
A t i r ä t r a :
Atirätra P.

A d h V a r a :
Adhvara G.

Ida:

Ihn P. 199)
f. IhniP.

U d d h a V a :
Uddhava E .

C i t y ä :

Sahasracitya E.

Bali:

Bah G .
p. Bäleya V.
Baliväka E.

M e d h a :
Medha P.
Medhätithi V .

Medhya V.
Asvamedha V.
Asvamedhaja P.
Asvamedhadatta E 4-.

Y a j fi a :

Yajfia G .
Yajnakrta P.
Yajnavacas V.
Yajnavalka V .200)
Yajnaväha V.
Yajnasri P.
Yajfiasena V.
Yajnastambha V.
Yajnahotra P.
Yajnesu V. 201)
p. Yäjnatura V.
Krtayajfia P.
Dirghayajna E.
p. Daivayajfii G.
Satyayajna V.

Suyajna V .
f. Suyajna E.

Ynbsp;a j a :

Upayaja E. 202)
Yaja E.

Valaka:
Valaka P.

Vnbsp;i t a r a n a :

p. Vaitarana V.

S a m k r t i :
Samkrti VH-.

S a m d h y a :

Sandhyaputra I.

Soma: 203)
Srutasoma P.
Soma V .
Somaka V .
Somakïrti E.
Somatrata I.
Somadaksa V.
Somadatta E .
Somavaha V.
Somasusma V.
Somasravas E.
Somastambha V.
Somapa V.
Somapi P.
Somda I.
Among which may also be
included:

Vanaspati P.
Savana E.
Sutamgama G.

Sutambhara V.
Sutasoma E.

H a V i s :

Havirdhaman E.
Haviskrt V.
Havismant V .
f. Havismati E.

Havisyanda E. 204)
Havihsravas E.
Satyahavis V.
Suhavis V .

H a v y a:

Vibavya E.
Vïtahavya V .
Vrstihavya V.
p. Satyahavya V.

H u t a :

Puruhuta P.

H o tr a :

Hotravahana E.
Hotrapaci V.
Anuhotra P.
Puruhotra P.
Sunahotra V .
Suhotra E .
Venuhotra P.

H o m a :

Vasuhoma E .

H o m y a :

Apsuhomya E.

In general:

Prajya G (pra ajya).
Suyastavya P.

b. The Persons performing the Sacrifice:

Agnldhra:nbsp;Chandoga:

Agnidhra P.nbsp;p. Chandogi V.

Agnldhraka P.nbsp;N e p a :
IndhaG.206) NepatithiV.

P u r O h i t a :

f. Purohitika G. 207)

S u t V a n :
Sutvan V.

S u n v a n t:
Sunvant P.

S u h o t r :

Suhotr E .

c. The material for the Sacrifice:

C a m a s a :
Camasa G.
Camasin G.

C a r u :

Sarvacaru V.

D a r b h a :
Darbha V .
Darbhaka P.
Darbhi(n) E.
p. Darbhayana V.
p. Darbhi V .

D i s y a :
Disya V.

P a v i t r a :
Pavitra G.
Pavitrapani E.

P i n j Ü 1 a :

Pijüla G. (?) 208)
Pinjülaka G.

Pinda:

Pinda G.
f. Pindi G.

p. Sthaulapindi V.

B a r h i s :

Uttanabarhis P.
Pradnabarhis E .
Barhin E.

M a d h u :

Madhu G .
p. Madhava I.
p.f. Madhavl E.
Madhuka V.
Madhu(c)chanda(s) V
Madhunandi P.
Madhuruha P.
Madhuscut V.
Madhusyanda E. 209)

Y Ü p a :

Satayüpa E.
SilayOpa E.
Svetayüpi V.

S t h a n d i 1 a :

Sthanddeyu E .

Havirdhana:
Havirdhana P.

d. The Liturgy:

Rc:

Rclka E .
Rceyu E .210)

N i g a d a :
Nigada V.

N i g a m a :
p. Naigama P.
Partha:

Parthin V.
Purunltha:
Purunitha V.

Y a j u s :
Suyajus E.

S à m a n :

Brhatsâman V.
Visvasâman V.

in thcir bearing on human life
I, vrata, yoga, samsara, samädhi).

Dharmadhvaja P.
Dharmanetra E .
Dharmapäla E.
Dharmabhrt P.
Dharmaratha P.
f. Dharmavati P.
Dharmavrddha P.
Dharmavyâdha E.
Dharmasârathi P.
Dharmasütra P.
Dharmin P,
f. Dharmini G.
Dharmeyu E .
Dharmya G.
p. Dhârmyâyana V.
Varadharmin P.
Sarvadharman P.
Sudharman E .
f. Sudharmâ E.

Vrata:

Krtavrata P.
Drdhavrata E.
Dhrtavrata P.
Viravrata P.
Vrateyu P.
Sucivrata E.
Satyavrata E .
Suvrata V .
Stutyavrata P.

Yoga:
Yoga E.

Pracmayoga G.
m. Pracmayogiputra V.
p. Pracinayogya V.
Prayoga V.

S a m a d h i :
Samadhi P.

Samsara-ideas possibly form
a basis to:

Durvimocana E.
Pramuca E.
SvarjitV. (?)
Svaryati E. 212)

II. NAMES CONTAINING HOMINISTIC ELEMENTS.
1. The Body and Parts of the Body.

A. IN GENERAL.

Limbs:

Ahga V .213)
Kandarlka E.
Gatra P.
Gatravant P.
Caturahga P. (?)
Pratyahga E.
Vrsaparvan E .
Samanga E.

Size:

Aniva G. 214)
p. Aniveya V.

p. Anurohati G. 215)

Unmata P.
Uru (Uru) P.
Ulbana P.
Urdhvaga P. 216)
Kilata G.
Krsa V .
Ksudraka P.217)
Tanu G .
Dirgha E.
p. Parinaddheya V.

Pivara P.
f. Pivarl P.

Prthu V .
p. Parthava G.
Pramsu P.
Brhanta E.

Mahant E .

Mahatreya V.

Mahanta P.
f. MahiV.
p. Rauksaka V.
p. Rauksayana V.

Vikata E.

Vipula E .218)

Vipulasvant P.

Viprthu E .

Visala G .
f. Visala E.
p.f. VaisalinI P.
p.f. Vaisali P.
p. Vaisaleya V.

Visaladatta G.
p. Vartta E.
p. Varsna V.
p. Varsnivrddha V.
p. Varsneya V .
p. Varsnya V.

Sita E.

Siina E.219)

Samhanana E .
(f.) SutanuE .

Supravrddha E.
f. Surohika G.
f. Surohitika G.

Sthula G.

f. gubhahgl E.

Subhra G .
p. Saubhreya V .

Srimant E.
p. Sankasya E.

Sammita P.
p. Sammitika G.

Sanatsujata E.

Sarasa P.

Sukumara E .

Sukumaraka P.
f. Sukumarl E.
p. Saukrti V.

Sucitra E.

Sudarsa E.

Sudarsana E .
f. Sudarsana E.

Suditi V.

Sudyumna V .
p. Saudyumni V.
f. Sundarl E .

Supratima E.

Supratika E .

Suprabha P.
f. Suprabha E .

Subudhya (?) V.

Subhadra P.
f. Subhadra P.

Subhanu P.

Subhasa P.

Subhraj E.
f. Surasa P.
f. Suruci P.

Surupa V.

Surocana P.

Suvarnabha E.
f. Susobhana E .
f. Svayamprabha E.

Svarnara V. 228)

Strength:
Aksina E.
Atibala E.
Apratimaujas P.
Abala P.
Asamaujas P.
Uttamaujas E.
tirja V .
Urjayant V.
Urjayoni E.
Urjavaha (°vaha) P.
f. Urjasvati P.
Urjayana V.
Krtavirya E.
p. Kartavirya P.
Krtaujas P.
Glava V. 229)
Jatusthira V.
Niramaya E.
Pakasthaman V.
Prabala P.
f. Balandhara E .
Bahn P.
Bahna P. 230)
p. Baladhi E.

Brhadbala E .
Bhimabala E.
Bhuribala E.
Mahabala P.
Mahaujas E.
Visvavayas V.
p. Vaidava V.
Sakta E .
Sabala P.
Subala E .
p. Saubala V.

Complexion:
p. Aryasveta G.
Krsnasundara G.
Dhumravarna P.

Prdakusanu V. 231)
f. RangavatI P.

Syamatreya V. 232)
Svetatreya V. 233)
p. Saurahgi V.

Suvarna E ,
f. Suvarna E.
Harivarna V.

In general:
Gaurasiras E.
Carusirsa E.
Mahasiras E.
Siras G.
Sirsin E.
Suvarnasiras E.
Sthulasiras E.

Face:

Kurcamukha E. 235)
f. Ganda E.

Gardabhlmukha V.
p. Gardabhlmukha V.
Gauramukha E.
Daksinakara V.
Durmukha V .
p. Daurmukhi E.
Dhumranlka P.
Pratika P.
Sumukha E.
Eye, Eyebrows,
Eyesight:
p. Aktaksya V. 236)
Anudrsti G.
Andhaka E
Andhakaraka P.
Asra G. 237)
Ustraksa V.
p. Aikadasaksa V.
Kakudaksa G.
Kamalaksa E.

Haryahga P.
Hemacandra E ,
Hemavarna E.

Sweat:
p. Svaidayana V.

Itch:

p. Kandviya V. 234)
B. THE HEAD.

Karakaksa E.
p. Kacaksi V.
p. Kanayana V.
p. Kaukaksi V.
Ksemadarsin E.
Khaninetra (Khani°) E .
Gavaksa E.
Caksus P.

Citradarsana E. 238)
Citraksa E.
Tamrajaksa P.
Dirghatamas V . 239)
Dirghalocana E.
Drdhanetra E.
Dhumraksa P.
Nimi E . 240)
p. Naimisri G .
Netra P.
Pihgaksi V,
Prthulaksa E .
Pratidarsa (Prati°) V. 24i)
Balaksa E.
Bhrukunthasimha I.
p. Bhrauveya G.
Madiraksa E,
Mayuraksaka I.
Mahaksa V.
p. Masuraksa V.

Mitaksa V.
f. Rajivalocana V.
Lekhabhru G.

Lokaksa V (?).242)
Laugaksi P. 242)
Lohitaksa E.
Vartanaksa G.
Virupaksa V .
Visalaksa E.
Satabalaksa V.
Sabalaksa E.
Sarkaraksa G.
p. Sarkaraksa V.
p. Sarkaraksya V .
f. Salakabhru G.
f. Sutara P.
Sunetra E.
Surupaksa V.
Sulocana E.
Suryaksa E.
Sthulaksa E.
Haryaksa P.
Hiranyaksa V ,

Ear, Hearing etc.:
Kanva V .
Karna G .
Karnaka G.
Karnanirvaka E.
Karnasravas V .
Kharjurakarna G.
Jatukarna (Jatii°) V .
Tunakarna G. 243)
Trnakarna G.
Duskarna E.
Badhiraka G.
f. Badhiraka G.
Mayiirakarna G.
Masurakarna (Masu°) G.
p. Mahakarnayana V.

Mahakarni E.
p. Mandakarni E.
Vasukarna V.
Vikarna E.

p. Vaikarna V.
p. Vaikarni V ,
Sahkukarna E.
Sasakarna V.
Svetakarna P.
Susrut G.
Stanakarna V.
Sthunakarna E. 244)
f.p. Harikarni V.

Mouth, Position of the
mouth:

Kotikasya E.
Jihmasin G.
Tunda E. 245)
Mahamukha E.
Muka V .
Vadavamukha E.
Vikatanana E.

Voice:
Akrosa E.
Adhvanas V.

p. Kharanadi V .246)

Ghosa V .
Ghosavasu P.
f. Ghosa V.
Jalpa P.
Dhvana G.
Dhvanya V.
Brhadgiri V.
Sinjara V. 246a)
Svara G.

Breath:

Prana P.
p. Pranahati G.
Visri G.

Saliva:
p. Sthaulasthlvi V.

Lips:

Lambostha L

Tongue:
Jihvavant V.

Teeth:

Astadamstra V.

p. AyodaE.247)

Karaladanta E.
Dantavaktra P. 248)
Dantavakra E. 249)
Dantala V. 250)
Vakradanta E. 251)
Sudamstra P.
Sudanta G. 252)
p. Saudanti V.
Hiranyadant V.

Nose:
p. Asinasi G.
Rjunas V.
Vigra G. 253)

Jaw:

Vatsahanu P.

Hair (both of the head and of
the body):
p. Urnavant G.
Kaca E.
Kapikesa V.
Kapotaroman E.
Karasikhanda V.
Kusavarta P.
Kaisika P.
Kesiki P.
Kesin V .
Kesini G .
GunakesI E.
Ghatotkaca E . 254)
Cuda V.

Caudakayana V.
Cuda G.
Cudaraka G.

f. Cudala G.
Cuh E.
Jatilaka G.
f. Jatila E.
Trijata E.
Dirgharoma E.
Pancasikha E .
Punyakesa V.
Pulasti V.
Pracira P. 255)
Maharoman E .
Munjakesa E.
Romasa P.
Romaharsana P.
Lomaka G.
Loman G.
p. Laumayanya V.
Lomasa E.
Lomaharsana E.
Varasikha V,
Valasikha V.
p. Vahsikhayani V.
p. Valeya V.
Viloman P.
Sasaloman E.
f. Sikha G.

Sikhandin V .
Sukesin V.
f. SukesI P.

Suvarnaroman E .
Susima P.
SthQlakesa E.
p. Sthaulakesi V.

Hiranyaroman (°loman) P.
Hiranyastupa V.
Hrasvaroman E .

Beard:

Harismasru E.

Forehead:

Praksrngavant E.

C. THE UPPER PART OF THE BODY.

Neck:

p. Aupajihvi V.

Kalasikantha G.
p. Kantheviddhi V .
p. Khari (Khara) grivi V.

Gauragriva G.
p. Gaurigrivi V.
Pindagriva V.
Vaksogriva E.
Hayagriva E.
p. Harigrlvi V.

Chest:

Kucavara G.
Kroda G.
p. Kraudayana (?) V.
p. Parsadvana V.
Vyudhoraska E.
Suvaksas G. 256)

Back:

Gauraprstha E.
Ghrtaprstha P.
gitiprstha V.

Hunch, etc.:
Kakudmin P.
Naikavakra P.
Pitaka G.
Vakra E .
Vinata P.
Samnateyu E .

Side:

Golahka G.
Tamrapaksa P.
f. Tamrapaksa P.
Tamrapaksin P.
Parsu V.
Ruciparvan E.
Suparsva E .
Suparsvaka P.

Heart:

Hrdika E .
p. Hardikya E.
p. Hardikyatanaya E.
Hrdroga V.

D. THE ARMS.

Armpit:
Kaksa V.
Kaksasena E.
Kakseyu E .
Saitikaksa G.

Arm :

Ayobahu E.
Ayobhuja E.
Upabahu G.
Urdhvabahu E .
Kuni P. 257)
p. Kaubahya V.
Dirghababu E .
Pratibahu P.

Prabahu E.
Prabahuka P.
Bahu G .
Bahuka E .
Bahuvant P.
Bhadrabahu P.
Mahabahu E.
Sitibahu V .
Subahu E
Hiranyabahu V.

Hand:

Karakarsa E.
Karandhama E .
p. Kareya V.

Khandapäni P.
Tala G.
Talä P.
Drdhahasta E.
Pänini V.
Prthä E .
Pärtha V.
Prasrta P.

E. THE LOWER PART
Trunk:

Kabandha V .
Kabandhin V.

Abdomen, Belly:
AnOdara E.258)
Udara V .
p. Kämbarodari V.
p. Kämbalodari V,

Kuksi E .
f. Kuksi P.

Kundajathara E.
Kundodara V .
Cärugarbha P.

p. Naitundi V. 259)

Brhadgarbha E.
Mahodara V ,
Vikuksi E .
Visvagarbha P.

Navel:
Unnäbha P.
Kusanäbha E .

Prasrti P.
Yuddhamusti P.
p. Vaitala V.
Santa E.
Suhasta E.
Hiranyahasta V .

Nail:

Nakhavant P.

OF THE BODY AND THE TRUNK.

p. Traibali E.
Nabhi P.
Nabhigupta P.
Sahkhana E .260)
Sankhanabha P.
Sunabha E .
Hiranyanabha V.

Private P a r t s : 261)

f. Vadhrimati V.

Vrsana P.
p. Sapya V.

Semen:

Urdhvaretas E.
Hiranyaretas P.

Constipation:
Udavarta E.

Flatulence:
Vatavant V.
p. Vatavata V.

Thigh:

p. AurvaE . 262)

Vyüdhoru E.
Knee:

Ghatajanuka E. 263)
Janu P.

F. THE LEGS.

Jänujahgha E .
Purujanu P.
Mahäjänu E.
Varajanuka E. 263)
Leg :

Kharijangha G.

(f.) Suniti P.

Sunitha V .
f. Sunitha E.
f. Susila P.

Bad:

p. Kaukrtya V.

Fulfilling o n e's
religious duties

we 11: 272)

Matavacas V.
p. Vaidhasa V.
Satyayajna V.
Sudas(a) V .
Sumnayu V.
Susrama P.

Godless:
Surari E.

Honest, faithful,

reliable: 273)

Ahara P.
p. Arjava E .
Rju P.
Rjudasa P.
Rta P.
Rtavac P. '
titayus P.
Evavada V.
Drdhasandha E.
Dbruvasandhi E .
Nidhruva V.
Nisatha E .
Satya E .
Satyaka V .
p. Satyakayana V.
p. Satyaki V.
Satyakarna P.
Satyakarman E .
Satyakarna V.
p. Satyakarna V.

Satyamkara G.
Satyaketu P.
Satyajit E .
Satyadeva E.
Satyadharman E .
Satyadhrta P.
Satyadhrti E .
Satyanetra P.
Satyapala E.
f. Satyabhama E .

Satyaratha E .
f. Satyaratha P.

Satyavacas V.
f. Satyavati E .
Satyavant E .
Satyavarman E.
Satyavac E .
Satyasravas V .
Satyasri P.
Satyasandha E.
Satyasena E .
f. Satya P.

Satyadhivaka V.
Satyayu P.
Satyavan V.
Satyeyu E .
Satyesu E.
Susamdhi E .
SthirakaV .

Dishonest, unfaithful,
unreliable:

Abhipratarana V.
Abhipratarin V.
Abkayu V. 274)
p. Kautilya V.
Chaia P.

Dambhodbhava E.
Dirghanitha V.
Varpeyu P.
Vitatha P.

Vrjinavant P.
Vrjinivant E .
Satha V .
Sathamarsana V.

Unfaithful in
marriage:
f. Kulata G.
f. Bandhaki G.
m. Bandhaki G.

Liberal:

Carudesna E .
Daruka E.
Dhvasanti V. 275)
Dhvasra V.
Prthudana P.
Prenin V.
Bhoja G .
Mahabhoja P.
Midhvas P.
Vasudana E .
Sadaprna V.
p. Saudanava V.
Sudaman G .
Sudhayuka G.
p. Saumuci V.
Suradhas V.

Selfish:
pgt;. Kaubhoji V. 276)
f. Mamata V.
p. Mamateyu V.

Modest:
Vinita P.
Vinitatman E.
Salina G.

Haughty:

Abhimana P.
f. Manini P.
p. Manyamana V.

Obedient, docile,
imitative, honouring
Anupada G,
Anuyayin E.
Anuloma G.
Anuvaktar V.
Anuvrata P.
Anuharant G.
Anuhrada P.
Apratipa P.
Apratipin P.
Usant V.
Priyavrata V .
Manada E.
Vasa V.
p. VasiV.
Vasya P.
Vidanda E.
Srusa V.
Srusti V.
Samnati P.
Samnatimant P.
Supitrya V. 277)
f. Sulabha E.
Sulabhin G.

Disobedient,
rebellious:
Aniruddha E .
Aruddha P.
p. Kathori V.
Pratiloma G.
Pratipa V .

p. Pratipiya V . 278)

Supratipa P.

Forgiving:

Aghamarsana V .
Prasanneyu P.

Cruel:
Ama P.

Gentle:

Akrura V .

Revengeful:
Rnamcaya V.

Courageous,
impetuous,

steadfast in the fight
Akampana E.
Adina P.
Abhimanyu E .
Abhiru E.
Ahovirya E. 279)
Uccairmanyu V.
Upamanyu V .
p. Aupamanyava V.
Dhrsta P.
Dhrsti E.
Dhrsnu E .
Narya V.
Nrsad V.
Nisprakampa P.
Parakrama E.
Pravira E .
Bhadila G. 280)
Bhimavikrama E.
Mahavira E.
Mahavirya P.
Yudhamanyu E.
Yudhisthira G .
Yuyutsu E.
Yuyudhana P.
Ranadhrsta P.
Vikrama P.
Vikramasila P.
Vikramin E.
Vikranta P.
Vicitravirya E
Vira E .
Viraka P.
p. Vairaki G.

Viradyumna E.
Viradharman E.
Vlrabahu E.
f. Vira E .
Viryacandra P.
Viryasaha E.
Vrsasusma V.
Savas V.
Savistha V.
Santabhaya E.
Sura E .

p. Susmayana P. 281)

Siddhavirya P.
Suvira E .282)
f.p. Sauviri P.

Feared, trembling:
Kampa E.
Kampana E.
Katara G.

p. Cayamana V. 283)

Paravrt P.
Bhaya E.
Bhayamana V.

Joyful, cheerful,
extravagant, in ecstasy,
pleasant, happy,
in blissful delight,
enjoying sensual
pleasures:
Adina P.
Asoka G .
Asokavardhana P.
Akrida P.
Ananda P.
Upananda E .
Upanandaka E.
Kadamatta G.
Ksanabhojin E.
Gandhamada P.
Durmada E .

Drpta V.

Nandayanlya P.nbsp;f.

Pramada P.
Pramadvara E. 284)
Pramoda P.nbsp;m.

Prahrada V.nbsp;p.

Prahlada E.
Madagha G.
Madaghi V.
Madalasa P.

Madra P.nbsp;f.

Madraka E .
Madrana V.285)
Manoratha I.nbsp;p-

Mahananda P.nbsp;p.

Mahanandin P.
MudavatI P.
Moda P.
Visoka E.
Satananda E .
Sananda P.
Sanandana E .
Sukha G.nbsp;P-

Sunanda E .nbsp;p.

Saumanasya P.
Harsa P.
Harsakrt P.
Harsavardhana P.
Harsigupta I.
Harsteya G.

Gloomy, joyless,
without pride:
Amahayya V.
Durmanas G.
Duspraharsa E.
Vimada V.'
Capable, ardent,
energetic, determined,
devoted:
Acyut V.
Amitaujas G .

Ayasya V.
Asti E ,
Abhuti V.
Alamba E.
Alamblputra V.
Alambhayana V.
Upavesi V.
Usij V.
Kalpa P.
Krtasrama E.
Krtvi P.
Tejeyu E.
Daksa V .
Daksayani V.
Daksi V.
Drdba E.
Drdheyu E.
Dhrti P.
Dhrtipala I.
Dhrtimant P.
Dhrtimitra I.
Dhrtisvamika I.
Naidbruva V.
Bharmya P.
Bhuritejas E. 286),
Mahatejas P.
Mahadhrti P.
Yukta P.
Varcas E.287)
Varcin V.
§atatejas P.
Samika G.
Samlka E .
Samivant G.
Samsita G.
Saketayana V.
Sattva E.
Sudaksa G.
Sudaksina V .
Sudhrti E .
Suvarcas E .

Sympathetic,
entertaining
f e 11 o w-f e e 1 i n g :
Anukampaka E.
Ahimsi G.
Karuni V.
KrpaV .
Krpi E .
Saktigunaguru I.
Sacivant V.
Saka G.
Sakayanya V.
Sakin G.

Patient, calm,
not irritable:
Akopa E.
Akrodhana E .
p. Ksamyayana V.
Ksanta G .
Ksanti P.
Titiksa G.
Titiksu P.
p. Marsi P.
p. Marsanya V.
Mahotsaha E.
Sahisnu P.

Wrathful:
Amarsa P.
Amarsana P.
Kopavega E.
Krodhana E .

p. Raustyayana V. 299)

Furious, violent,
passionate,
unbridled, restless,
hurrying:
Krtaksana E.
Candakausika E. 300)
Candabhargava E. 30i)

Tanda G. 302)
p. Tanda V.
p. Tandya V .
Tandi V .
Tandi V.
Tandin V.
Tarasvin V.
Tigma P.
Tugra V. 303)
Tuji V.303)
Tuda G.
Dhuni V.

Paficalacanda V. 304)
Purojava P.
Prksa V.
Pracanda P.
Pramathin E.
p. Maksavya V.
Rabhasa P.
Raya P.
Lola P.
Vegavant P.
Samksobha I.

Of a wandering

disposition, unstable,

changeable.

fond of roaming about;

Abhyavartin V.
f. Atiki V. 305)

Itant V.
f. Gocapala P.
Capala G .
Cara G.
p. Carayana V.
Caraka P.
Carisnu P.
p. Caupayata G. 306)
Cyavana V . 307)
Trksaka G.308)
Trksi V. 308)

Pathin V.
Pariplava P.
Purupantha V.
Prapathin V.
Vicarin V.
Vidanvant V. 309)
Vrajana E.

Desirous, passionate,
ambitious:

Usanas V .3io)
Usika P. 310)
Gavesana E .
Jigisu G.
p. Jaigisavya E.
Manasyu E .
Rajana V.
p. Rajani V.
Rajas P.
Vanaka P.
Vancyu E .
Vena V .
p. Vainya V.

Free from desire,
free from passion,
restfub calm:
Aniha P.
Alolupa E.
Ksema E .
Ksemankara E,
Ksemadhanvan E .
Ksemadharman P.
Ksemadhrtvan V.
Ksemamarti E.
Ksemavarman E.
Ksemavrddhi G .
Ksemasarman E.
Ksemari P.
Ksemi E.
Tusta P.
Tustimant P.

Naciketas V. sn)
p. Naciketa E.
Nirutsuka P.
Nirvrti P.
Nirvrticaksus P.
Prasama P.
Viraja P. 3i2)
Virajas E .
Viraja P.
p. Varddhaksemi E. 3i3)
Sama E.
Samin P.
Santa P.
f. Santa E.
Santi V .
Sama E.
p. Samyamani E.
Susanti P.

Jesting, laughing:
f. Caruhasini P. 3i4)
Lamaka G .315)
p. Lamakayana V.
? Ladi G. 316)

Conspicuous in
speaking (talkative,
glib-tongued, hoarse
etc.):

Kathajava P. 317)
p. Kaujapa G.
Krtavac E.
Kohada G.
p. Kauhada V.
Kohala E.
Trsta V.
Nivaku G. 3i8)
Bahuvadin P.
Mahanada P.
Ravana G. 3i9)
Rebha G.
p. Raibhya E.

Rebhasunu V.
f. Lapita E.
p,f. Vacaknavi V.
Vada G.
Vagindra E.
Vagmiti G .
Vadanya E.
Vavaduka G.
Virata E . 320)
Viravin E.
§iisa V.

Samkrandana P.
Sadahsuvak E. 32i)

p. Savacasa V. 322)

Sahasravac E.
Suvac E.

Worthy,

out of the ordinary,
noble:
Arba G.
Asamati V. 323)
Mahamanas P.
Yajata V.
p. Saujata V.

Formidable, fearful,
feared:

Atri V .
Ghora V .
Bhayahkara E.
Bhayada V .
Bhita G.
Bhima V .
Bhisma E .
Bhismaka E .
Markayana V. 324)
Raudrakarman E.
f. Subhima P.

Attentive:
Naikadrs E.
Visvamanas V.

Giving hope,
answering to
expectations,
bestowing blessing on,
favouring:

Apyayana P. 325)
Asavaba E.
Duritaksaya P.
Pathya P.
Parayana P.
Bhavayavya V.
Mabasa P.
f. YasodaE .
Samtanu V.
Santanu E. 326)
p. Sambharayana V.
Sarvakama P.
Sukhodaya P.

Ominous:

Dhvasan V. (?)
Akasapa G.

Solitary:
Ekadyu V.
Ekayavan V.
Svanaya V.

Soon offended,

touchy:

p. Vaimatayana V.

Greedy,

gastronomical:

Bahvasin E.
p. Mandalekhi V.
Mandavit V.

3. Knowledge

Learned in general:
Pandita E.
Panditaka E.
p. Paurusisti V.
Bhajana G.
Vipra P.
f. Siksita G.

Learned in
sruti and smrti:
Triveda V.
Prasnlputra V.
Mahapurana E.
Visrutavant P.
Veda E.
Vedadarsa P.
Vedabahu P.
f. Vedavati E.
Vedasira P.
Vedasiras E.
VedasrI P.
Vedasparsa P.
Vyasa V . 327)
Srutavid V.
p. Srautarsi V.
f. SrutavatI E.
Srotriya V.

Sensible, wise etc.:
Kratu quot;Intellectual powerquot;:
Kratujit V.
Kratumant P.
Kratuvid V.
f. Putakrata V. 328)
Putakratu V.
Sukratu E.
Citti quot;Intelligencequot; and
paronyms:

Krtacetas E.
Cikita V . 329)

and intelligence.

p. Caikitaneya V,
Cikitsita G.
Cekita G.
Cekitana E . 330)
Pracetas E .
Vipascit V .
Vipracitta V. 33i)
Sucetas E .
Dhl quot;Thoughtquot;:
Dhimant E .
Dhira V.
f. Puramdhi V.

Ruciradhi P.
Prajfia quot;Sensiblequot;:

Dlrghaprajfia E.
Buddhi quot;Insightquot; and paronyms:
Urubuddhi P.
Pratibodha (Prati°) V .
m. Pratibodhiputra V. 332)
Buddhikara G.
Bodha V .

p. Baudhayana V . 333)

Bodhya E .
Vibudha E .
Mati quot;Thoughtquot;:
Matidatta I.
Matinara E .
Matimant E.
Matila I.
Mahamati P.
Sumati E .334)
p. Saumatya V.
Manas quot;Mindquot;:
Brhanmanas E .
Manas G.
Manasa V.
Manasvin P.
f. Manasvini P.
Manojava E .
Manasa P.

Medha quot;Intelhgencequot;:
Nrmedha(s) V.
Medhadhrti P.
Medhavin E .

? Sumedha V. 335)

Sumedhas P.
Yatu quot;Magicquot;:
Satayatu V.
Vida quot;Knowledgequot;, and
paronyms:

Vida V .
p. Vaida V.

Vidabhrt G.
p. Vaidabhrta V.
m. Vaidabhrtiputra V.
Vidura P .
Vindu G.
Vivitsu E.
Visvavedin P.
And further a number of names
having reference to shrewdness
and intelligence:
Aligu G.

Avikalpana E. (?)
Avimatta G.
Krtin E .
Tattvadarsa P.

Tiksna G.
Nirmoha P.
Patu G.
Patumitra P.
Mandhatr (Man°) V .
Vayuna P.
Vicaksana V.
Vitarka E.
Vidagdha V . 336)
Sutiksna E.
Sunaya P.
Sumantra V .
Susrava E.
Svarupa P. 337)

Foolish, silly,
confused, forgetful
Kupinjala G.
Jada G.
Tamas E .
Durbuddhi P.
Mahabalya V.
Margamarsi E. 338)
Mudha V .
Vaidheya P.
Vimati G.

4. Power.

Powerful, elevated,nbsp;Tura V.

high,nbsp;Duhsasana E.

granting protection:nbsp;Natha I.

Abhibhu E.nbsp;Naya V.

p. AmbhiV. 339)nbsp;Nitha E.

Asravya E. (?)nbsp;Paribhu V.

Indana I. 340)nbsp;Pahn P.

Ugra G .nbsp;Prabhava P.

f. Upama V,nbsp;Prabhu E.

Kuruvasa P. 34i)nbsp;Bhumipala E.

Gopi V.nbsp;Mahasvant P.

Jyayan V.nbsp;Mahasakti P.

Karisena G.
Gajanika E.
Jayanika E.
Dahrasena I.
Putrasena V.
Prthivisena I.
Prthusena P.
Prasena E .
Balanika E.
Brhatsena E
f. Brhatsena E.
Bhadrasrenya P.
Bhadrasena V .
Bhimasena V . 347)
p. Bhaimasena V.
Bhurisena P.
Vatsavyuha P.
f. Vahini E.
Visvaksena P,
Virasena E .
Virasenadantika I.
Vrsasena E .
Satapati G.
Satanika V .
Suravira V.
Surasena E .
Srutasena V .
Srutanika E.
Srenimant E.
Sarvasena G.
p. Sarvaseni V .
Sahasranika P.
Simhasena E.
Senani E.
Senapati E.

Enemy:

Ajitasatru E.
Anamitra P.
Apratiratha V .
Amitra G.

Amitrajit P.
Amitratapana V.
Ayutajit (Ayuta°) P.
Arimdama V.
Ariksipa P.
Arijit P. 348)
Arinjaya P.
Arimardana P.
Arimejaya V .
Ariha E . 349)
Ksatrahan E.
Janamejaya V .
Jaritari E .
Jitari E.

Trasadasyu V . 350)
Dasyavevrka V.
Dasyavesaha V. 35i)
Nagnajit V .
Narmara V. 352)
Niramitra E .
Nivrttasatru P.
Nrpanjaya P.
Parakrathin E.
Parahan E.
Pratipaksa P.
Pratiratha P.
Ripu P.
Ripunjaya P.
Satajit P.
Satrughatin E.
Satrughna E .
Satrujit P.
§atrunjaya E.
Satrumardana P.
Satrusaha E.
Syamajayanta V.
Syamasujayanta V.
Sahasrajit E .

Battle, victory, spoil:
Ajaya P.

Bhangakära E.
Bhafigasravas V.
Bhangäsvana E.
Bharadväja V . 360)
Bhüminjaya E.
Bheda V.
Mumucu E. 361)
Yämana V.
Yuddha P.
Yudhäjit E.
p. Ränäyana G.
p. Ränäyani G.
p. Ränäyaniya P.
p. Räni V .
Rananjaya P.
Ranavanya P. 362)
Rathamtara G. 363)
f. Rathamtari E.
Rathavara P. 364)
Räyoväja V.
Rutha P. 365)
Ruma V. 366)
Rodha G.
Labdhalaksa E.
Väja G.
p. Väjäyana V.
p. Väji V.
p. Väjya V.

Väjabandhu V.
p. Väjaratnäyana V.

Väjavata G.
p. Väjasaneya V .
Vigähana E.

Vijaya E .
f. VijayäE .
Vimarda P.
Visvajit P.
Visvamtara V.
Visvasaha P.
Samgamana V.
Samgamasimha I.
Sammardana P.
Samyäti E .
Sahgrämajit E .
Sanjaya E .
Saträjit E .
p. Säträjita V.
p. Säträsäha V.
Sanadväja P.
Samara P.
Samitinjaya E.
Saha E .
Sudurjaya E.
Sumidha V .
Senajit P. 367)
Senäjit E.

Vanquished,
unprotected, subject
f. ApäläV,
Abhibhüta P.
Dänta E .
Nami V. 368)
Nighna P.
Pälita P.
Sahya E.

Glory:

Atinäman P.
Abhinämin P.
Äsrävya E. (?)
Uktha G .
p. Aukthya V.

5. Glory and prosperity.

Ucatha G.

Ucathya V. 369)
Aucathya V.
Ugrasravas E.
Utathya E. 369)
Upamasravas V.

Upastuta V.
Urusravas V.
Kâlakîrti E.
Kirtimant E .
Kirtirâta E .370)
Kîrtivarman E.
Kurusravana V.
Ksemakîrti E.
Câruyasas E .
Cârusravas E .
Cuncu P. 371)
Janasruta V.
Jnâtala G.
Turasravas V.
Dirghasravas V.
p. Dauresravasa V.
p. Dauresruta V.
Prthukirti P.
Prthuyasas P.
Prthusravas V .
Pratisravas E.
Pratita P.
Prasasta V.
Prasusruka E .372)
Brhaduktha V . 373)
Brkatkirti E.
BhOrisravas E .
Mahita G.
f. Marisa P. 374)
Yasastrâta I.
Yasasvin V.
f. Yasodevi P.
Yasodhara E .

f. Yasodhara E .
Yasodharman I.
Yasonandi P.
Yasoräta I.
Yasovara E.
Yasovardhana I.
Râjasravas P.
Vasusruta V.

VipOjana V.
Viviktanâman P.
Visravana G.
Visravas G .
Visruta P.
âravas E.
Sruta P. 375)
p. Srautâyana V,
êrutakarman E .
Srutakîrti E .
ârutanjaya P.
érutasravas E .
Srutânta E.
Srutäyu(s) E .
Srutâyudha E.
Sruti E .
Srutivarman E.
Satpsravas V.
Sagara E .
Satyasravas V .
Sanasruta V.
Sämasravas V.
p. Sâmasravasa V.
Sukîrti V.
Sunâman G .
f. Sunämni P.
Supratïta V.
Sumantu V .
Susravas V.
Susruta E .376)
m. Sausromateya V.

Sustuta P.
(f.) Suyasas P.
p. Sauvisravasa V,

Stutya V.
p. Haitanâmana V.

Infamous:

Kunäman G.
p. Kaunâmi V.
Bhandita G.

Nameless, unnamed:
Anabhihita G. 377)

Fortunate, prosperous,
thriving:

Atyambas V. 37s)
Atyaräti V.
Anuvinda E .
Rddbi P.

Narisyant(a) E . 379)
Pürnotsanga P.
f. PräptiE .
p. Bbäksi V.
Bbajamäna P.
Bhajin P.
Bhadra E .
f. BbadraE .
Bhadrana V. 380)
Bhadravinda P.
Bhadrasarman G.
Bbaguri V .381)
Bbogaka G.
Bhogin P.

Mahodaya E.
Vasuksaya V.
Vasumant E .
Vinda E .
Visvavära V.
Vyasti V.
Sainmad V.
Samyu V.
Sarmin E.
f. Sarmisthä E .
Säti V.'
Siddhärtha E.
Svayambhoja P.
Svastya V.
Svastyätreya E.

Unfortunate, poor

Apajagdha G. (?)
p. Kastaresi V. 382)

Duskanta E.
p. Bäbuvrkta V.
Rista E.
Vihata G.

6. Birth,

a. Birth.
Time of birth:
Amäväsya V.
Astaka V .
Isa V . 383)
Grisma G.
Durvirocana E.
Nidägha G .
Pürvatithi V.
Pürvähnaka G.
Pratithi V.
Pradosaka G.
Prätarahna V.
Madbyamdina P.
p. Madbyamdina V.
p. Mädhyamdinäyana V.

life and death.

Vatsara P.
Sisira P.
p. Saisiri P.
p. Saisireya V .
Sukla E .
Samdhi G.

All sorts of condition
attending birth: 334)
f. Amalajä P.
Anandaja V.
Jäta V .
p. Jätäyana G.
Tandrija P. 385)
Divijäta P.

p. Bhayajatya V.
Sambhuta P.
Sambhuti P. 386)
Svagata P.
Here may also be added:
Udbhava E.
Kalapatha E.
Sambhava P.

b. Life and duration
of life.

Relating to life in
general:
Acutayus E.
Ajaras P.
Amayus P.
Ayutayus P.
Avyaya P.
Asumati P.
Ayu(s) V .
Upajiva V.
Jiva G. 387)
Jivani V.
Jivanta G.
Jivala V .
Jivita I.
Dirghayus E.
Drdhayu(s) E. 388)
Niyatayus E.
Bhauvayana V.
Visvayu(s) E .
Satayus E .
m. Samjivlputra V.

The various ages:
Child, at a tender age
p. Kaumaravatya V.
Kuruvatsa P.
Taruna V .
Dirghavatsya V. 389)
Nava P.
f. Nava P.

Navya G.
Navaka V.
Balaka P.
Vatsa V . 390)
Vatsaka P.
Vatsanapat V.
Vatsabalaka P.
Vatsabhatti I.
Vatsi V.
Vatsiputra V.
Vatsya V .
Vatsyayana V.
Sisu V .

Girl:

f. Sukanya V .

Young man:
p. Marya V.

Woman:
f. Mena V .
f. Menaka V.

Man:

p. Paumsayana V.

Old, Stricken in years

Jaramana G.
p. Jaramanya (?) V.
Jaras E .
Jarvara V. 391)
Vrddha G.
f. Vrddhakanya E.
Vrddhagargya E.
Vrddhasarman E .
Saradvant V .
p. Saradvata V.
p. garadvatayana V .
Sana E
Sanaka V .
Sthavira V.

c. Dead:
Antaka P.
Antakadhrti V.
Antäyus P.

Manu:

Manuga G.
Manutantu V.
p. Manutantavya V.

Man: 392)

Jana V . 393)
p. Jänäyana V.

Mrtyu P.
Mârtyumjaya V.
Visri G.