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-Lib. 2. Of Cures Cbyrurgical. 189
piicies therewith, io as they m y bleed, and do thus once every day
until it be whole. Other Fame; s ufe fir it to ca'ft theEIorfe,and with aJSiolling- pinto open his Mouth, then with a crooked Iron wrapt a- bou. with Tow or flix, to 'akeout all the ftinking Grafs, or other Meat thai lyeth in his Jaws and u.iderthe Root of his Tongue; then when you have cleaoYed it thus you fhall heat ftrong Wine Vinegar fbmewhat warm, and then with the lame Iron wrapt in Tow, aid dipt in V\ ine-Vinegar, you fhall wafh all the fore places till they bleed , then wafh all his Tongue and Lips with the fame Vinegar, and fo kt him rife, and then feed him at leaft feven days with warm Mafhes and hot Grains} but in no wife with any Hay, and Le will fooube whole. Other Fa riers ufe to take of the juice of Daffbdil-Roofs feven
drams, of juyce of Hounds tongue as much, of Vinegar as much, of Allom one ounce; mix thefe well together, and wain the Canker j therewith once aday until it be whole. Others ufe to take of Savin, of Bay Salt, and of Rue of each a like quantity, and ftamp them to- gether with as much Barrows Greafe, and anoint the fore places therewith until the Canker he killed, which you may know by the . whitenefs, and then healing it up only with ^llom-water. Others ufe firft to wafh the Canker till it bleed with warm Vine-
gar, to take a good quantity of Allom beaten into very fine pow- der, and mix it with ftrong Vinegar till it be as thick as a Salve; then to anoint all the fore places therewith, and do not fail thus to do twice or thrice a day until the Canker be whole. Now for mine own part, the beft Cure that ever I found for this
Sorance, is, to take of Ginger and of Alom, of each a like quantity, made into very fine powder; then with ftrong Vinegar to mix them together, till they be very thick like a Salve>then when you have waiht the Canker clean, either with Alom-water, or with Vinegar, anoint it with this Salve3 and in twice or thrice drelEng, the Canker will be killed, and after it will heal fpeedily^ CHAP. XX*XV.
Of Heat in the Mouth and Lips of a Horfe. THe unnatural and violent Heat which arcendeth up from the
Stomach into the Mouth, doth not always breed a Canker, but
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THE Figure i, a- cornpleat Horfrmanihws,.
That Rides^pSyCures, and all perfcftions know; The 2. Diet; the 3. Letting Blood,, BeftB-W B*/^, for inward Gnefs moft good . The 4. Wounds, Galls, and Sores doth firmly cure ; The I helps A^w Marks ; 6 doth procure , Helps fortheS/wiw ©** m%<W A««*. io£t,or GWM all are helot again. The? wholfotn £>«**; the 8. doth take IS the Mouth, which (udden Death doth flake.. The 9. fhews the Horfe-Caudleor the M*/&, . Good as thebeft, yeftfcnc Fools count it I raftu. The lo.fhews Fury in untamed things, The only Vounuin whence D^fpriBgs. |
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"" Mai^terJeece. —i
bebiyitu) is SmithJitrritr. or
Hmfc-UtA, Intihaw the curvyof<&&jaifes _ in$orjes. Deuiied-into t»vo "bookies. cIhejvjl.ccntaww£ a\l cures 3?hyfiaill.
rJhtJecbnX ati'behngir^ To wryick is now acLcLzd,
?\u. Coti.n.t>y mtiW Care,
or* G%4.r.ztvq (frif&ci'pu in. |
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A.,j /.7//?'.W Cl'lyfy
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M A R K H A M'S
MASTER-PIECE
REVIVED' Containing all Knowledge belonging to the Smith, Far*
rier, or Horfe'Leacb, touching the Curing ail j&iftates
H O R S E S.
DRAWN
With great pains from approved Experience, and the Publick
Practice of the beft Horfe-Marfhals in Chrifiendom.
jBiUim into Ca*o. j&cofi&
The I. containing Cures Phyjical; The II. all Cures Chirurgical:
TOGETHER WITH
The Nature^ Vfe and Quality of every SIMPLE mentioned through the whole WORK.
Now the Fifteenth time Printed, Corrected and Augmented with above
Thirty new Chapters, and Forty new Medicines heretofore never Publifht.
To which is added by way of APT E N D I X,
■ The Countrey-Man's Care for his other Cattle,
CONTAINING
The exadeft Receipts for Curing all DIS E A S E S in Oxen, Cows, Sheep,
Hogs, Goats, and all fmaller Cattel, with many new Additions.
, II
And now in this Impreffion is added
TheCOMFLEAT JOCKEY;
Containing Methods for the Training of Horfes up for Racing , with
their Heats and Courfes, and manner of Keeping, &c. Alfo Inftruftions to the Buyers, to avoid Cheating Horfe-Courfers ; And all things ne- ceflary for Gentlemen, and others. Never before made Publick. I 0 N T>,0 N, Printed by John Richg-dfon for M. Wotton and George Comers, at the
three Daggers in Fleetftreet, near the'Mer-Zetnph Gate, aud at the Golden Ring in little Brittah, 1694. |
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TO THE
RIGHT HONOURABLE , and
My NOBLE LORD,
Sir RP B ER.T DOR ME R ,
Baronet,
Baron Dormer of Wing, Viicount Afcoi^
Earl of' Carrurvan, and Mailer of His Majefties Hawks. s i r,
Ver fince I came to ferve your
Countrey in Military Occafiom',
I accounted my felfyour Servant,
and to that end have made firong
Intimation : But Multa; cadunt, many hap
hinder
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The EpifHe Dedicatory.
hinder hops : now left to mine own Power,
1 could not find any thing that could fo well exprefs me to your Lordjhip,\ or (hew you what I am either in Ajfe&iori or Venue, as the Dedication of this Boo\, which contains me amply and fully adorned with the befi of mine own Feathers, And howfoever it may-appear to your Honour with an old countenance, both becaufe my (elf, the Title, and much of the Matter is old; yet let me give Ajfurance. unto your Noble Goodnefi, that there is that newnefs of Truth, Art, and approved Experience, which unto this day hath not been dificovered in any other Au- thor. It is more (my Noble Lord J than fifty years, agone3 fince I began to (ail in this Ocean; and to di(cover the fruitful Traffic!^ of this needful Art : Nor have 1 in the Interim of Time been, a Iruant, but with my befi means and abilities have pur fined it (as near ■as 1 could J unto the height of Perfe&ion^ and
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The Epiftle Dedicatory.
and doubtlefs (jnuch Honoured Sir) I have
not loft all my Labour, what I have gained I have here now newly inferted, and [end it in all Humility to fyfs your Lordjhips Hand; not as a material thing worthy your study ; but as a poor Virtue that needs your Defence. And however', I dare not fit it forth as a Frefent worthy your acceptance, yet be pleafed to ma\e it fuch by your Favour, which can ma\e mean deferving appear to he of greatest Merit. This Obligation now of- fered unto your worthy Hand, is the free Offering of my Love, Service and Affecti- on ; and in a word, of my felf who am as well as my< Wor\ devoted to be ever Tours. This Boo^ is but the external Pledge which doth> demonffrate the inward Obligation of my Heart, fence what I am, Art, Soul and Affection is only Tours, and defere to be fo eUeemedin all my ABions, efpeciallyin this Wor\ If it arrive with as good fmcefs (a*) as
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The Epiftle Dedicatory,
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as I tranfpon it with jincere Devotion, no
doubt but the Worh^ will gain Lujlre, and my feiffhall find that fatisfaBion which jhall wahg me ever acknowledge my felf Your Honours Humble
Devoted Servant, GERVASE MARKHAM.
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Aa
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A N
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ADMONITION
TO THE
READER:
Which I would wijh him to Ready before
he ferufi the Boof\. TWO Errors (gentle Reader) have been
laid to my Charge in the firft Publicati- on of this Book, as namely, a miftaking in the Table of Additions wanting Dire&ion : And the great multiplicity of heaping together of many Medicines for one Grief, without di- ftinguiftiing their goodnefs, or foretelling the Practitioner, on which to rely for his beft Pro- fit and AfTurance. , The firft was but a venial efcape in the Printer,
and maybe forgotten,iiiafmuch as it is in thislm- preffion fully amended. For the fecond,which is the multiplicity of Medicines, I have for thy fa- tisfadtion, to all thofe Medicines which of mine (a a) own
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To the Reader.
own Knowledge I have found to be certain and
moft approved,and to be the beft of thofe which are coupled with it; I have in the Margin, and over againft the Mediciri placed this Mark os-. As alfo to every new addition and new Chap-
ter, ("never before pubiimed)I have in the begin- ning of the Chapter placed this «gv And for thy better furtherance in this Work,I
have likewife in the Table,to all the new Addi- tions (which are the very excellencies of all my Knowledge) placed this Mark alfo as*. And this I have done for two Reafons.
Firft, to make this Work which was one of
myfirft,andentituledmy UASTEQJPlECEr a true MASTERPIECE indeed, and fo exaft in every part, that other ftoln Pieces & Pamph- lets Chriftened in my name,and Printed without my knowledge or arMance,with twice fo many Falfhoods as Pages may be^ known to be both Baftards and Abortive ; miftaking an ounce for half an ounce, three handful for two, too much of one Simple and too little of another,of which whofoever maketh trial, will, without he hath had fome knowledge already,indanger his horfe; and therefore I have given many men notice my felfofit,becaufethey have taken one thing for another. And |
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To the (Reader.
And that the Bombafted Title, and the illi-.
terate and abfurd Epiftles, were neither the one nor the other of my invention : For I mult moft ingenuouily confefs, that, but to this Book and my firft, I was never fo happy as to be made a God-Father. And laftly,to wiih all thofe which are abufed
by falfe and imperfect Printings, to come to this Book for Corre£rion,which is a Cabinet that contains all,and more than others ftruggle for. I can give the Reader no better a Reafon toper- fwade him to read my Book, than to (hew hirrj the real ufe of Horfes well managed, according to the Rules of Horfemanfhip; he is fit for feats of Arms,and Triumphs in War ; and a great pi- ty it is,, that fuch an excellent Beaft mould any way mifcarry for want of knowing his natural Difeafes, and the Cure thereof. I have now made the Souldier and all others,
Matters of Art in the Cures of their Horfes, if Farriers be failing to advife and confider with them:For it is a Knowledge fit for a Gentleman, both in Peace and War, to be able to cure the Difeafes incident to his Horfes; for other Coun- tries do love all Experiments, and to be feen ge- nerally in all generous Practices, whereof horfe- manihip
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To the (Reader.
manfhip is one of the chiefeft. Which work I
will juftifie upon my reputation to have bin tri- ed by me,and hath wrought good effe£t; having thefe fifty years been a Practitioner in the fame, and did never think to have difclofed thefe Se- crets that now I have, which 'I ime and my In- duftry hath brought to light ; and becau.fe old age groweth upon me, and that the Grave will be never a whit the better, I thought therefore to divulge them to the World, rather than "to have hid them in Oblivion; defiring the Reader to give God the Glory, and me but only thanks and good wifhes. So I reft, , G. K
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The
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The AUTHORS Names, from
whom any thing in this Wor\ is Col* le&ed, being the beft Farriers, |
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Of Cures Thyfical.
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Marlfianis Mafter-Piece.
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FIRST BOOK
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CONTAINING
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AD Cures, Phyfical,orfuch Infirmities, as being
inward, crave the Adminiftrationof Phyfick, and are called in Horfe-Leach-craft, Hork> f'cknejjes. |
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CH A P. I.
°f the Natural Compfttion of Horfes bodies.
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Ouching[the true compofition of a Horks body, you Avail
SSrS i ' f ^iS (aS the Body of Man) compounded of
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natuTal-Thew;^levera,[h'«gVhatiStofay,fevennatural,andfixnot
^;X, or ^ natUrlare^^^TempcrMrnms^M^s^em, called natur fL? 7l ^ °,r ^^"^SpHts; all which be lennblfh J '^ ecade?e *WW*d Perfection, and excellency of every i n Tnl SnfHWh°K y depCnd UP°" them •• And hath his »ov!
not Na^^^ve,rWffArori^- Thefix^hichare MdlVatch P . 7^"> Meat and Qrwk, Motion and £e/?, Step . indue'order appliedS&£**"atural'be^ufe*s(b^§^tly and
applied; they preferve, luftain, and fortify, the body |
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B-'' ------------1
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Of Cures <Phyfical. Lib. I.
fo being milgoverned,or ufed in any excefs, or dilbfder, they are the
only corrupt deftroyers of the whole body : And of thefe thirteen principles which compound the Fabrick, or whole frame of the body, I intend to fpeak feverally. CHAP. II.
Of the four Elements, iheir Venues and Operations. FIrft fo'- the Expofitionof the word Element, you fhall under-
fta'nd that it is the primary or firft beginning of all things, be. * of it felf pure, uncorrupt and fimple •, all things being firft made thereof, and all things at laft being reibived into the lame again. It isalfo in its own nature fo bright, clear, and without contraction of impuritv,that it is not able to be difcernedby any fenfib e eye, what- soever. Laftly, It is the laft part of Atom or that thing which is made or proceedeth from it. Now of thefe Elements which are the ufual firft movers, orbe-
cinnersofall moving things, there are only four w number,that is to fav Fire, Air. Water, and Earth ; meaning not that Fire, Air, Water, and Earth, which is here vifible with us beneath, and which throuRh thegroflhefs thereof, is both palpable and to be decerned ; but thole which are amounted aloft,and through their purity mvifible and concealed from us, (for the other are compounded Bodies, and notfirnple.) And of thefeperfeft and diftinft Elements you fhall know that the Fire is the higheft as being fixed or joyned next unto the Moon, being hot and dry, yet naturally exceeding, or being molt predominant, or ruling in heat.. «_,.... JU 'The Air is placed next unto Fire, and is naturally light and hot ;
vet his predominant, or chief quality is moift. .
• The fer is joyned unto the Air; thedifpofition thereof being
heavy and Moift ; but his predominant or chief quality only cold. Laftlv The Earth adjoyned to the Water, is the loweft ; and it
is moft heavy and cold j but the predominant or chief quality there- ° Now for SeVertues.Properties^nd Operations of thefe four Ele-
ments, you fhall underftand; that firft the Fire, by means of his heat tooveth matter to generation, and flirreth,up warmth mall living things • it is that which the Phiiofophers call Heterogenea which is. h the roixt bodies tofepame things of divers kinds one from ano- |
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Lib. I. Of Cures <Pbyfical 3
ther, and alio to joyn things of like kinds together, which they like-
wile call Homogenea. For by vertue of the Fire, the bones of Horfes" are feparated from the flefh, the flefh from the fiaews,the finews from the veins, the veins from the Arteries, the heart from the Liver, the liver from the Spleen, and fo forth in fuch fort as we fee the divers parts of the fuel we burn, by the vertue of the fire and heat to be le- parated, and divided one from another, as the vapour from the fmoke, the i'moke from the flame, and the flame from the Afhes, as in thefe things, fo in many other things, as in the trial of Metals and fuch like, where the fire by vertue of his heat feparatech the body from body, that is, metal from metal, and corruption from incorrup- l>on, gathering and knitting together every thing of one and the - ielf fame kind. Eefides the vertue of the fire, is to ripen, order and digeft things raw and undigefted, mingling the dry with the mcift, and opening the pores, that the Air being tbrr.ewhat more iblid and grol's, may enter into the itody : And laftly, it breaketh and mode, rateth the coldnefs of the Water and the Earth, fo that it may not diftemper or confound the Zsody. Touching the vertue and operation of the Air, youfhall under-
ftand, that by the moiftnefs thereof it maketh the matter apt to re- ceive fhape, either natural, or accidental, and by the help and Af- fiftance of the fire, bringeth the Powers and influences of the Hea- vens and Stars into Inferiour /todies, making the mixt bodies not only fubtle and penetrable, bur alfo light and mounting, to the end they may neither be too grofs, nor too heavy. Secondly, the Air through his Moiftnefscooieth the burning heat of the'Heart, Liver, and lntralls, as we daily fee by the Office of the Lights and Lungs, which like a pair of bellows draweth unceffantly frefh Air unto the Heart and inward members. And albeit, the Air doth not feem to the fenfe of the outward eyes,to be any thing near fo moift as the Water, yet according to the opinions, both of our Books andbeft Phificians, it is by much the moifter, which is well proved, (fay they) by rhe abundant flux it containeth, which flux fpreadeth it felf fo far abroad m the Body, that it filleth every empty part and corner thereof with the fpecial Properties and Characters of moiftnefs, and by that Reafon, is much harder to be kept within his own .Sounds than the Water is, Laftly, as the Water was altered by God from his firft natural place, for the better profit both of Man and Seaft •• E- vea.fo the Air, according to School-mens opinions, was not leftal- 2 a together
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Of Cures Vhyfical. Lib. L
together in his firft natural diipofition, left being over-moift it fhould
fo confound andluflbcate all fenie, that neither man nor Beaft fhould be able to breath or Live. Now for the vertue and operation of the Water, it is to be no-
ted, that through the Coldnels thereof, itconglutinatetband bind- eth iu mixt bodies, both parts and members together, which be of divers kinds; as bones with flefh and finews, flefh with finews and bones, and finews v\ ith bones and flefh. Even as for a familiar ex- ample, we fee in the time of any great Froft, the ftrength of the Cold how it bindeth things of divers kinds together, bringing into one mafsor fubftance, both Water, Dirt, Stones, Straws, Sticks and Leaves : The Water alio with its Coldnels, doth temper and cool the inflammation and heat of the Fire, gathering together thole things, which otherwife the violent Heat would diiperie and fcatt-er abroad. Laftly, for the vertue and operation of the Earth, k is through his.
drinefsin mixt bodies, fo to harden and fix them together, that they may retain their fhapes, which other wile by the power of the Air and. Water, would be lb Soluble and. Looie, that they could not hold together; as we may fee in paft, Wax and luch like, which whilfl it is moifi, will receive no print, but being once hardned, it reraiueth, any Form that is preft into it. And here is to be noted, that ac- cording to the opinion of Hyvocrates, when any fenfible body dyeth, not only every quality, but every lubftance, and part makes his re- turn to the Element from whence it came j as heat to the Fire, moiftnefs to the Air, coldnefs to the Water, and drinefs to the Earth And thus briefly you lee,that of theie four common Elements, or common beginners of things ; the Fire being hot iepavateth ; the Air being moift, fhapeth, the-Water being cold, bindeth ; and the- Earth being dry, hardneth and retaineth. The ufe that you are to niakeof this know!edge,over and befides the compolition of a natural, body, is,that when you find any ficknefs,orinfirmty,which proceed- ed from the fire, as Inflammations of the body,or fuch like, that then you apply fimples of the nature of the Air or Water, which may moiften and cool the violence of the heat. If the Infirmity proceed. from the Air, as Flux of Blood, or too much moifture, then, you (hall apply fimples of the nature of the Fire or Earth, whofe heat and, drinels may difperfe and harden fuch moifture. If the Difeafe fpring from the Water j as Colds, Rheumes, Apoplexies, and luch, |
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Lib, I. Of Cures nyfical.
tike j then you fhall i'eek fimples of the nature of the Fire and Air;
that through the heat of the one, and the moift Jightneis of the o* flier, all fuch cold, grofs and i'olid humours may be difperfed, But if the difeafe proceed from the Earth, as Manginefs and Leprofie, or their like, that are dry and hardned infeclions, then you fhall leek fimples of the nature of the Fire only, whofe heat may diffolve and loofen thofe ill knit, dry, and hard humours. Thus you fee, too much heat is abated by coldnefsand moiftnefs,
too much moiftnefs by heat and drinefs; too much coldnels by heat and mciftnefs; too much drinefs by heat only. 1 hus much of thefe four common Elements, which begin all
things liv^g and unliving, fenfible and unfenfible ; yet of fenfible things, which live and have blood, there be other more near Ele- ments, or beginnings, which are called proper Elements, or genera- tion; as the ingendring feed, and menftrual blood, from whence every Beaft taketh his firft fhape and beginning ; and yet thofe pro- per beginnings have their whole dependency and hanging upon the qualities of the firft common beginnings already ipoken of, which is moift, dry, hot and cold, for without them they aie nothing, nor can do any thing. CHAP. III.
Of Temperaments, and their fever-alh^nds; and kow far every way they extend in Horfts. TBefe Temperaments, or Temperatures, which are the fecond
thing in a Hori'es compofition, do fpring from the Commixture of the four Elements, and are nine in number, whereof eight are unequal,and the ninth is equal. Of the eight unequal, four are fimple, and thofe be hot, cold, moift, and dry, which Phyficians call the firft dualities; and of thefe, the firft two-be aftive, and the other two Paflive : the other four are compounded they be hot and moift, hot and dry,cold and moift,cold and dry. Now the equal temperament is divided into two, an Llniverfal and a Special. The equal Tem- perament TJniverfal, i9, when the four Elements are in an equal proportion, generally divided through the whole Body, Nature injoying no morefrom the one, than from the other. T he equal T> m- perament ejptcial, is when the Elements are proportioned according as every kind doth moft properly require, be it either plant or beaft: in B 3 Plants,
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6 - Of Cures Vhyfual. Lib. I.
Plants, when every Plant hath that commixture of Elements, which
are proper to its kind, the hot Plant being hot, the cold, being cold, &c. W hereas contrariwife, to have a hot plant cold,or a cold hot,ta have R ue cold, or Sorrel hot, were a falle and unequal commixture of Elements. So likewife Eeafts, that Horie, that Dog, that Swine is laid to have his due Temperament, when he is of fuch temperature as is moft proper unto his kind, which is beft difctrned by his Actions, or Motions. As thus, the Horie is known to be hot and moift by his Lightnefs, Swiftneis, Valiantnefs, and long Life, and alfo to be of a temperate nature, in that he is eafily Tamed, Cocible, Obedient and Familiar with the Man. And fo long as either Horie, or any other thing, continueth in the Mediocrity and Excellency of his proper Temperament, fo long we may truly judge him of a good temper and difpofition ; but if there be any overflow of qualities, or excels in his humours, aseitherheat, coldnefs, moiftnefsordrinefs, then we fay, he is either a hot C-holerick Horfe, a cold Dull Horle,a Drie Mifchievous Horfe: Or a moll Cowardly Horfe according to the overflow of that quality which reigneth in him. Again, every Horie is faid to have his Temperaments, according to
his Age and the Country wherein he is bred, and fometimes ac- cording to the time of the year wherein he Liveth. " And thus a Horfe in his foal Age, which is till he be fix years old, is naturally hot and moift; in his middle, which is till twelve, more hot and dry than moift -7 and in his old age, which is paft eighteen, more cold and dry, tharf either hot or moift. So likewife, the Horfes which are bred in Southern parts, as either in Spain, Barbary, or Greece are naturally more hot than thofe which are bred either in thefeventeen Lands, Germany or England; neither is there any Horie, which is in good ftate of body, that is fo hot in the fpring time of the year, as in the Summer, nor fo cold in the Summer, asthe Winter. All which obfervations are with moft curious diligence to be obierved of every Horfe-leach, when he goeth about to cure any ficknefs.- for unlefs he confiders their natures and temperatures, and every other circumftancealready declared, he fhall right foon be deceived in the adminiftration of his Phyfick. Therefore, Iearneftly defire every Farrier, before he give any drench or potion, firft to enquire the kind, race, and diipofition of the Horfe, next his Age, then the Country, and laftly, the time of the year : And fo according to the truth thereof, to mix his Receipts. It
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Lib. I. Of Cures <Pbyfical.
It is moft expedient alfo, for every Horfe-leach to confider the fe-
cond qualities, which are fo called, becaufe they take their begin- ningsfrom the firft qualities already declared, of which fecond qua- lities fome are called palpable, or to be touched, as theie, lbft- nefs, hardnefs, fmoothnefs, roughnefs, thicknefs, bricklenets, heavinefs, thinnefs^ thicknefs, fmallnefs, grofnefs, and fuch other like. Some again are not palpable, as thofe which appertain to hear- lllg-> feeing, and fmelling, as noiies, colours, odours, and fuch like; and by oblerving well the fecond qualities, he fhall with much eafe know whether the Horfe bedifpofed to any ficknefs or not, as fhall be more largely declared hereafter in every particular Chapter. CHAP. IV.
Of Humour st and to what end they ferve. > NOW concerning Humours, which are the third compofers of a
Horfes body, and fo likewife of every other Beaft alfo ; you lhall underftand that they are four in number, that is to fay, Bloody Wzgm, Choler, and Mclancholly. As touching Blood, it is in its na- ture uncorrupted, and therefore hot and moid, and fweet in tafte,, participating of the Elements Water and Air, Choler is hot and dry, and bitter in tafte, as participating of the Elements Fire and Earth. Melancholly is cold and dry,and in tafte ibwre and heavy, as participating of the Elements Fire and Air ; ¥legm is cold and moift, and either fweet, or wallowifh without any tafte at all, as participating of the Elements Water and Earth: fothatthefe four Humours by their qualities, are every way allied unto the Elements. Fortofpeak briefly, and according to the manner of Phyficians, Bhod is of the nature of the Air, it being moft predominant there in jVlegm of the nature of the water,Cfco/er of the nat ure of fire, and MeUncholly of the nature of the Earth. And albeit thefe Humours are fymbolized or mixt through every part of the body, yet every one of them aboundeth more in one part than in another, andhave- their places of refidence, abfolute, and particular to themfelves ; as blood about the Heart; Flegm'm the Brain; Choler in the Liver; and Melancholly in the Spleen. Now as thele Humours do more ot leis abound, or have greater or leflfer fovereignty in the Horfe, fo. is the Beaft naturally better or worfe coloured, qualified, ordifpofed as, thus,. That Horfe in whom blood hath the greateft predominance, andi
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8 Ofnyfical Cures. Lib. I.
and niay be called a Horffe fanguine, is bright, bay of Colour, and in
difpofition pleaiant, nimble, and of temperate or moderate motion ThatHorfein whom Flegm hath the greateft dominion, and may be called a Flegmatick Horie, is for themoft part of a milky white colour, and fo confequently flow, dull, and heavy. If Choler bear the greateft rule in his Conftitution, then is his colour commonly a bright Sorrel, and by that means of difpofition hor, fiery, and of little ftrength. Laftly, If the earth have gotten power above the other Elements, fo that he may be called a Melancholly Horle then his colour is commonly a mode dun, and his difpofition cowardly faint and flothful. But becaufe thefe particulars are properly appertaining to the Complexions of Horfes,of which we (hall have caufe to ipeak more largely hereafter,! will not ftand upon any great- er relations; only I give you thus much in conclufion .- tounder- ftand that every one of thefe aforefaid Humours hath his proper uf'e and end,whereunto it ferveth,as thus. Blood ferveth more properly to nounfh the Body. Flegm giveth motion to the joynts Me- larcholly begetteth an Appetite or longing to his meat. Now during the time that thefe Humours do poflefs their natural qualities fo long they are uholfbme, and be called by their fimpje names with- out Glofs or Addition : but if by any mifchance they be diibrdered or corrupted, then they are unwholfbm, and are no longer called by rheir hmple names, but have other Epithetons annexed unto them as Meknchotty, Blood, Salt, Flegm, Choler, aduft or burnt Choler and' fretting MeUncholly, whereof proceedeth many peftilent and dange- rous difeafes, as (hall be at large declared hereafter. And thus much for the (late of Humours. CHAP. V.
Of Members, and their feveralkjnds.
Touching Members, which are the fourth main inftrument in this
great Fabrick of a Horfes body, they are by School-men divi- ded into two parts. The firft is called Similar*, which is like, lemblable, or one and the fame thing. The other is called Mhl mental, and are contrary to the firft. :_ Members alike, are thofe, which being-feparated, or diftributed
inroparts, yet every part thereof is alike in fubftance to the whole neither alteringlndefinition,appellation, or nature; asflefli, bone' finew,
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Llb* 1 6f~iures Vbyjkd. ~~
fi"ew, and fuch like .• for flefh being cut or inrifed into many parisf
yet is every part ftij.1 flefh, lo reputed, and fo called, as well as when LW/S,In^mbil,alion a!I together • and as of this, io like wiie may ic ^e laid of bones, finews, and the like. Now f,T Members inftrumentai, they be thofe which being made
a!il?art3 °u lembiable' and divided into parts, \et the parts are no: fo n<^lther have one lnme with rhe whole-as the head, legg or, and i»ch like : for every part of the head is not cailed the head' thp p17 Pr-l°f the ,eS§ the legg, but have other appellations, as ne trow the Temples, the Knees,ihe Feer lock, &c. Now theie In- ,™enraJ<nembers,in doing of their offices and duties, are of much more perfe^on than the femblable Members , Wherefore School- men have made amongft theie Inftrumentai Members, four Sove- reigns or Princes above the reft5 that is, the Brain, the Hean, the thlT'a i %tmes '■> of which the firft three are the prefervers cf
e lingular Body, and the fourth of the whole kind ■ thefirftchree incSf^T and agitat>ontotheBody, the fourth generation and
t:41e t0 succeeding Ages, grownW:rfr0mih!re.prindPal M«nbers, like branches fromawell-
from rii»' ° f?.rm§ other Members, which doth them Service.- as HrarrTr, • » ?nng fln6WS> wh»fe office is feeling> from the theLver V^S' ^ office is fPrightlinefs and lively-hood ; from StoneX <£? ^ °? ^ 1S™avmh and ftrength 5 and from the Wmuchafft™^ W?-? °ffic,e isProcreati<* andincreafe. Now bers as 7>*1 ,thefe d°1,kew,fe Proceed a World of °^ mem- aUwhich t'c ^r'T',^^' SPkens* Glits> and fuch like j be r2 to'th! "J10* lS ^"owledge of them doth more properly' nSft 5£fe ?C,6 °^hf a™®™* ^ to the Phyfidan, ;though cha whenh:Wuth) J amhereto adertife every ftudious Reader aHoS thn^aI] have°ccafion to meddle with any member abou? tethont of rhetUrnt° thefeco»d*°okof thisVolume, whichtrea! ber and ?■'Ch,rurg.ery, and there he fliall not only find every mem- demonL'S™"^ ^ but alfo Ae true Anatomy fo,lively hSSandinP ' ''J ?*D be n0thi"§ WantinStQ rhe Pe^% 3
unaentanding. And thus much in this place of members, |
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CHAP.
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io1 Of Cum (phyfjcal. Lib. I.
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C H A P. VI.
Of Powersy and bow a Horfes Body is governed by them.
POwers which by fome are called Virtues, or principal faculties,
and do govern and controul both the body of man and beaft, and have the fifth place in this Work, are in number three, that is, the power Animal-, the powtr Vital, and the power Natural. The vower Animal, is a vertue incident to the .Brain, which through the , Sinews coming like little conduit-pipes from the Brain, diftributeth feeling and moving to all the parts of the .Body. The power Vital is -a vertue belonging to the heart, which doth give Life and Spirit to all the body by means of the Arteries; which proceeding from the heart, which is the chief Fountain of natural heat, carry in .their little chanels over the whole body, that air and Spiritual blood which makes it full of lightnels and alacrity. The power Natural is a vertue belonging to the Liver, which gives nourifhment unto all the body, and to every part thereof,by means of the Veins,which do like- wife proceed from the Liver, like greater conduits, carrying the .Blood from the Liver, which is the Fountain of ^Blood, into every part of the #ody. .Befides, the power iWwWcontaineth four other vertues, that is the vertue AttraUive, which drawethFood, meat tofuftainthe Body ; the vertue Retentive, by which it retaineth and keepeththe Food received; the Vertue Digeft ive, whereby it con- cofteth and digefteth the fame ; and laftly, the vertue Expulfive, by which it expelleth excrements and fupe: fluities. Thus thefe Powers or vertues being of no Ms validity than youperciveby this difcourfe, it is the part and duty of every good Horfe-leach, to fme a more careful and vigilant refpeet unto them ; for if any one of them fail, the Horfe cannot live. Therefore whenfoever you fee that either your Horfe refufeth his Food, or that he cannot retain and lceep his Food, but cafteth it up again; or that he doth not digeft his food, but keeps it corruptly in his ftomach ; or that he cannot void his excrements in a natural manner, but holds it burning in his body, take them for moft certain figns of mortal ficknefs : and Thus much of Powers and Vertues, |
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C-H A P.
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Lib. I. Of Cures fbyfical. 11
- — _ _ _.
C H A P. VII.
Of ABions or Operations, And whereto they belong.
AS touching Attions or Operations, which are the fixth column
or pillar which doth uphold this natural body of which we treat, they are not only belonging, but even derived from the three powers immediately fpoken in the former Chapter, as thus ; The action and operation ofthe power Animal, is to dilcern, to move, and to feel. Horfes dilcern by means ofthe vertue Imaginative, Dif- coii-fathe, and Memorative, whereof the firft is placed in the fore- head, thefecoiid in the middle of the ifrain, and the third in the hinder part of the head. AH which are comprehended under the power Animal. Horles move by means ofthe vertue Motive, whole Action and Operation is to reftxain, or let flack the finews, whereby every member hath his moving. And Horles feeling'is by means of the vertue Senfitive, whole Action or Operation is bulled in the fiveSenfes, as to See, Hear, Smell, Tafi, and Touch, and all thefe Actions fpring from the Power Animal. 1 he Action or Operation of the Power Vital, is to reftrain and
loolen the Heart, and the Arteries which proceed from the Heart, Which Action, whether it be hurt or difturbedina Horfes ^ody, is eafily known of every good Farrier, or Horfe-Adarjhal, by the une- qual beating of his pulle ; that is to fay, of the Arteries,which come down from the Heart to the infides of both his fore Leggs, a little below the Knuckles of his Shoulders, and likewife crofs both the Temples of his Head, a little higher than his eyes. And if any man bi? fofimple to imagine that the thicknefs of the Horfes skin fhall be an impediment to1 the feeling of his motion; let him remember, that as a Horles skin is thicker than a mans, fo alio are his Arteries grea- ter, and beat with more violence, and lb confequently be felt with- out any great difficulty. The Actions or Operations of the Power Natitral,are to Ingender,
to Encreaft, to Nohnfli, to defire with Appetite, to Attraib, to Change, to tHgeft,to Retam, and to Expel, and many other of like kind. Thefe Actions therefore are carefully to be looked unto by every Farrier, to the intent that he may learn by them, not only the whole eftate of a Horles Body, but alio what particular member thereof is evil affected, as thus ; if either in your Horfe you find much forget- C 2- " fulnefs,
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Of Cures fbyfical. Lib. I.
fdnefs, llnnimblenefs of his Limbs, or Dulnei's up-.-n Correction, it
is a. fign of ficknels in the Brain, and that the Power Animal is evil affected. If you find that his Pulfcs do beat extraordinary flow, or much too faft, iris a fign that his heart is grieved, and his Power fatal evil affected : but if you find that he doth confume, pine a- way, and lofeth his ftomach, it is a fign that his Liver is perplexed, all his inward parts out of frame and his Power Natural evil affected. Now you (hall again underftand, thatof Actions lbmebe Volun-
tary, fom e not Voluntary. T he Voluntary Actions be thofe, which a Horfc may either further
or hinder, fray or let, when themielvespleafe, as the, moving of the Leggs ; for they may go, fi and, or lye down > ir their own pleafure. 1 he Actions not Voluntary, are thofe, which depend not upon
the will of any Beaff, but be done of their own accord,and naturally, as the moving of the heart, and of the Arteries and the parage of the Blood ; the fir ft, whereof beaVgr.li sleeving and Waking ; and the Other hath his courfe every minute. And thus much of the Actions and Operations. C H AP. VIM."
Of Sfiritsrandin rvhut part of the Horfes Body they remain.
S Tints, which is thefeven:b natural Builder of this natural Work,
are to be underftood, to be that fine, pure, clear, and Aery iub- ftance which is engendredof the fineft part of the Blood, whereby the venue ofevery principal Member may vif:ta!l th: other partsof the Body, making them to do their duties, according to the Rules of Nature. Now of Spirits according'to, -the Opinions of fome Phy- ficians, there are but two kinds, that is, the Sm\tCSlri,nmal2.w\ the Sprit, Vital : the spirit Aiimd is that which giveth power of fee- lingand moving to a Horfe, and hath his reftingfplace in the Brain from whence through the finews, it is difperfed into ail other parts of the Body : and it. is engendr.ed of the Vital Spirit, being morevehe- memlv wrought and Laboured, and partly of continual breathing ; Even lb it is partly.preferved by the Cmi of the Brain, which doth hour! y water .and nourifh it. The spirit Vital -is contained in the Heart, from whence it floweth
into every part of :the Body, being the chief caufe of ail natural heat, and it is preferved and nourilhed .both by breathing and blood. To
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Lib. I. Qf Cum Vhyfical.
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To thefe two Spirits, there be moft Farriers, both Italians and
French, which add a third Spirit, and call it the Spirit Natural, laying, it hath his refidence in the Liver, and the veins, but the two former are of fuch Power, and have fuch fuperiority ; that the Body cannot live without them, nor have any being at all : Wherefore, it is the Office of the Farrier continually, in all his Medicines, to have fome comfortable Simple, which may maintain and keep the Spirits in their fullrftrength, lively-hood and vertue. And thu, much touching Spirits, and thoie feven natural things which compact a natural tody. C H A P. IX.
Of the fix things not Natural, how they Profit, and how they hurt. HAving fpokenof .he Natural things, whereof a Forfes Body is
Compounded, it is needful now that we fpeak lomething of the other fix which be not natural, lb far forth as they concern the Office of the farrier,d.nd no further ; for with other matters we have not to do. The firft thing then which <s not natural,yet preferveth a Horfes Body in good ftate, is the Air, which being pure, fltarp, clear, and piercing, giveth great life and nourishment to a Bcrfe: but Nfcng contrary, that is, grofs, thick, and full of putrefaction, it cannot choo'e but alter the good habit of his body, and breed in him many Infirmities : ~\ herefore every Farrier fhail have great relpe<! t to ;he Air wherein a Horie either li veth,or was bred in ; as if a Horie that was bred in a hot Air come to live in a cold, and through the exchange grow fick, the Furrier, fliall by warm diet, dole honie, and moderatecloathing, bring bis nature to aftronger acquaintance : ^lio when a Horfe exceedeth in any of the four qualities, that is, in heat, moiftnefs, coldseis, ordrinefs it is bed for him to live in that «tf which is contrary to that quality, wherein he exceedeth. Laft- |Yo in many Diieafes, the change of the Air is moft wholefom, as wall be (hewed at large in the particular Diieafes. For the Meat and Drink of a Horfe, which is the fecond. thing not
f^atural in a (-Tories Compofitian., it is not to be doubted' but whilfi |
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raw, corrupt and unclean, or if he eat Tares, Fitches, Rye, or Barly,
then
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Of Cures ^hyfical. Lib. 1.
then mull-he needs be unfound, and full of infirmities: Therefore the
Fa~rkr fhall be careful to keep him from all ilich Food, as breeds naughty evil blood. A s for bis water,the more pure it is,the better-,and the more muddy ; thick, and pleafant,fo much the more unhealthful. Now for this Moving and Reft, tha.t is, either his Travel or Stan-
ding ft ill, which is the third thing not natural in a Horfescompo- fltion, doubtlefsthey be great Prefervers of Hories a Health: for as moderate Exerciies diffolve grofs Humours, ingerftler Appetite, and add ftrength unro the Limbs, fo likewife indifferent Reft caufeth Digeftion, comforteth the Sinews, and maketh the Heart cheerful 3gainft infuing Labour. But on the contrary part, immoderate 1 ravel or Exerciies, when a Horfe is ridden beyond his ftrength, breedeth many dangerous and mortal ficknefles ; as the Foundring in the Body, the Confumption in the Lungs and Liver, mclten Greafe, and fuch like, befides the piffing of Blood, Marginefs,Farcy, and luch like : All which inward Difeales crave ftrong Purges, and the outward Sharp and Corroding Medicines. Immoderate Reft, which is, when a Horfe doth ftana long ft ill without any Exercife, Feeding foul and grofly, is as great an enemy to a Hories health as the other : For it congregateth and bindeth together all forts of ill humours, breeds corruption in the Blood, Rott'ennefs in the Flefh, and generally as many Difeafes as any ill Diet whatfoever. The Sleep or Watch of a Korfe, (which is the fourth thing ig our
Compofition^) is fo neceflary a comfort to a Horfe, that he cannot live without it .• it is the greateft mover of Digeftion, andfoconfe- quently gives comfort to the whole Body. Forwhilft the Horfe fleeps, the powers Animal do take their Reft,which otherwife would be over-wearied; and neither able to difcharge their Duties nor to continue their Actions and Operations, which is the giving of feeling and moving only : and whilft a Horfedoth fleep, the powers'Na- tural have more Liberty to do their work, in Concocting the Meat and comforting the Body, infomuch as I account fleep to be the only quieting of the Senfes, ordained by Nature ro ingender ftrength. Sleep is begotten by fweet,fatty and grofs Vapours,(and not by their contraries) which are railed from the Heart to the Brain, with the Coldnefs of which Brain,thofe Vapours being congealed and thickned together, do flop the pipes of the Senfitive Spirits, fo as they cannot refortto the Infiruments of the Senfes, to give the Body feeling and moving, whereby the Body at that time is deprived of thofe Motions* And
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Lib. I. Of Cures <Pbyjical. I 5
And according as thofe Vapours do more or lefs fill the Pipes, fb is
the Horfes fleep more or lefs found and undifturbed ; but when this fleep (hall at any time grow into excefs, and you (hail perceive a Horfe to fleep beyond both Nature and Cuftom, then you fhall ' Know that fuch fleep cometh from an evil habit of the Body, and is a fign either of a Lethargy, and a numnefs of the Spirits, or elie that nehathlome inward grief and pain iu his Limbs, when he ftandeth ; which being eafed by lying, makes him covet a continual reft and, fleeping. Now for the Watch of aHorfe, becaufe it is the meer contrary to fleep, there needs little to be faid more than this ; that as the excels of the one fheweth the want of the other, lb the natural Wantingof either (hews the evil ftate of a Horles Body, and gives the Carriers warning to expecl enfuing ficknefs. Now for Emptinefs and Fulnefs, (which is the fifth not natural
Compofitor) forafmuch as it is only in adding to, and taking a- way; fooie Carriers have held opinion, that all Phyfick belonging to a Horfes body, confifteth in them two only; and truly 1 am of this mind, that whofoever can take away Corruption, and add Per- ^e-'cion, fhall without doubt ever keep an able and fubftantial Bo- ~1> But to ourpurpofe, of this Fulnefs there are two forts, the one tulnefs by excefs of Humours^ the other fulnefs by excefs of Meat •, either of which perturbing the Spirits, are the grounds of ficknefs. Again, excefs of Humours are of two kinds,the one an equal encreafe of all manner of Humours gathered cogether,and the other particular excefs, either of too much AfeUncholly Flegm, or other Watrifh Hu- mours whatfoever,the firfl being termed an abundance of Humours,, the latter an excefs of evil Juice or Nutriment. La(tiy,thereis fulnefs in quantity and fulnefs in quality. Fulnefs in quantity is when a Horfe is full of Blood, or any other fimple Humjur. Fulnefs in quality, is, when any of thele humours are too hot, ortoocold, too grofs or too thin. Now for emptinefs, as all Diieafes of Fulnefs- muft be cured by it only, fo all Difeafes of Emptinefs muft be healed: °y Fulnefs, as by taking of Blood, by Purge, YritYion, Scarification, oxing, Sweating, Bathing, and a Worldof fuchIike,as fhall be very,- arp'Y let forth"hereafter, in its proper place. Laftly^ Touching the affeilions of a Horfes mind you fhall under-
itind, that fo far forth as the Setifuive Soul doth ftretch, io far they haveieufe and feeling of Affections as namely, to Love, toHate^ to, «S Angry, to Rejoyce, tobeforry, andto.Fear:. For all which, there needgj
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16 Of Pbyftccl Cures. Lib. I.
needs no great vfyo/o^y,fith, we have it in dayly Experience: as who
ieeth not the love of fome Horfes to their keepers, their hate to Strangers, their Angers in their Fights, their jbyes in their Prides and Wooings, their fbrrows in their fxknelTes, and their fea.'s unto their Riders ; now thefe Affections, fiih many times they are the grpunds of ftrange Motions in the body ; therefore they ought carefully to be looked unto by the Farrier, and that the Hoi (e he not overprefed with any of thrni; efpecialiy fear and hatred, the firft whereof com- pelleth the blood and Spirits to fly to the inward parts, and to leave the outward without lenle or feeling ; and the latter makes him to be unquiet, fierce and raging ; both together breed diftemperature in a Horfe, and thole diftemperatures ingeuder mortal fickneffes. And thus muchjor thefe fix things, being held not Natural in a Hor/e; Composition. CHAP. X.
Of Horfes Complexion.
HAVING fpoken of thofe Thirteen Natural and not Natural '
thing?, whereof a Horfes body is compounded, we will now in a ibmewhat more particular manner fpeak of the Complexions of Horfes, which is one of the moft neceffary Faces that a Farrier can behold, both for the judging of a Horfes Infirmities, and alio for the true compounding of his Medicines for every Difeafe: Therefore you fhall firft underftand, that by the colour of the Horfe you fhall ever judge his Complexion : For, look which of the Elements is moft predominant in him, from that Element we draw his Com- plexion, as thus. If he participate more of the Fire than of any of the other Elements, then we hold him to be a Cholerick Horfe, and his Colour is either a bright Sorrel-, a Coal black without any white, or an Iron Gray unchangeable, that is, fuch a Gray as neither will ever turn a Dabble-Gray, a White, or a Flea-bitten,and thefe Horfes are of Nature Light, Hot, Fiery, and feldom of any great ftrength; thefe Horfes are much fubjecl to peftflent Feavers, Yellows, and In- flammations of the Liver. W herefore every Farrier fhall be careful in his cqmpofing of any Medicine for fuch a Horfe, to purge Choler, yet very moderately,and not with any extraordinary Strength in the Potion or Drench ; becaufe the Horfe being in his beft ftrength, not reputed ftrcng, fhould you apply any violent thing to him, that little ftrength
L • ....________________
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Lib. I. Of Cans Tbyfical..- 17
.ftrength being abated, there were great danger in the confounding of
the whole Body. If the Horfe participate more of the Air, than of the other Ele-
ments, then he is of sanguine Complexion, and his Colour is either a bright Bay, or a dark Bay, which hath neither skouling Counte- nance, raayly Mouth, nor whfte Flank, or a white Flea bitten, white lyard like Silver, or black with a white Star, white Rach, or white Foot. Thefe Horfes are of Nature Pleafant, Nimble, Free, and of good Strength. The Difeaiesto them moft incident,is a Confumpti- on of the Liver J. eprofie, Glanders, or any Dileafe that is infectious. I hey are of a good ftrong Conftitution, and may endure ftrength in their Medicines, efpeeialiy any thing that cooieth the blood. If the Horfi participate more of the Water, than of the other Ele-
ments, then is he of a Flegmatick Complexion, and his Colour is ei- ther milk whire, or yellow dun, kite glewd, or pideball in whom there is an equal mixture of Colours, that is as, much white as/of the other Colour Otherwifeif the Bay, the Black,ortheDun exceed the white, he is laid to be of that Complexion of which the Colour is greateft. -\ hefe Horfes are of Nature flow, and apt to lofe flefh : f he Difeafes which are moft incident unto them, are Colds, Head- *c\Rhmmes, Staggers, and l'uch like. They are able to indure the reaionjble ftrengFh of any Medicine, becaufe the abundance of Flegm which is in them, fufftceth both Nature, and the Potion to work up- on •• All cold fimpies are to them exceeding hurtful, fo are alfo they w !f\are yiolently not ln tne third degree •• The firft, becaufe it bmdethtoo loon •, the latter becaufe itdiiperfestoofuddenly, there- fore fimpies of a moderate mean are the beft. If the Horfe participate more of the Earth than of the other Ele-
ments, then he is of a Melancholly complexion, and his colour a Moufe-dun, Ruffet, Chefmtt, Afry, Gray,dark Bay, with mayly Month, Red or white Flanks, or a Reddijlj Bay, having long white Hair like Goats H«V,growiBg on his Leggs. Thele Horfes are of Nature heavy and faint-hearted ■ The Difeaies to them moft incident, are Inflam- mations in the Spleen, Frewjt, Drop fie, and fuch like. They are commonly of better ftrength, than they will fuffer to appear by their Actions, and are able to endure the ftrength of any reafonable Medi- cine : all cicatrizing and dry fimpies are hurtful unto them; the cold . and moift are the moft profitable. Having thus fhewed you thefe four Complexions, Cholerickj,
p Stweuirrf,
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i8j> Of Cures Tbyfical. Lib. I.
Sanguine, Ylegmatick. and Melancholly, together with their qualities
and ftrengths, you (hall underftand now, that amongft Carriers there is another complexion, or fifth conftitution, which is called the Compofition or mixture of Complexions : That is, whenfoever a Horfe doth participate of all the four Elements equally, and in due proportion, none being greater or leffer than another, and this Complexion of all other is the beft, and rhoft perfect, and the Horfe which is of this complexion,is ever of one of thei'e colours ; that is to fay, either a fair brown bay, Dabled or not dabled, a dabled gray, a liiack full of Silver Hair,or a fair Roan,Redor Black\ And thei'e Hor- ies are of Nature moft excellent, moft Temperate, Strongeft, gent- left, and moft Healthful: though they may have any Difeafe, yet are they Naturally inclined to no Difeafe : But what Infirmity foever falleth unto them, is meerly Accidental, and not through any. over- flow of natural diftemperature. All Medicines muft be compounded for them according to the Nature of the %'icktiep, and the time of their •Languijhment. For if the Sicknefs be Young and aew Bred, Then they are able to receive any well-compofed Receipt; But if it be Oldt and the inward Powers and Faculties feebled, then you muff be care- ful to help Nature, by adding to every Medicine of what Nature foever, ibme Simple of Comfort, that, As ill Humours be cleanfed, fo Strength may (till be repaired and maintained. And thus much for . Complexions. CHAP. XI
Of Inward Sickneffef, the Caafes and fever at hinds thereof.
SIth 1 have already paffed over all thofe things which have a na-
tural and perfect working in a Horfes a Body, and do maintain, uphold and preferve the fame in good ftateand Health, except ac- cidentally they be encountred and croffed by fome Excels, Either in Diet or in Exircife, it fhail now be Meet, that we begin to fpeak of the Things which be contrary and againft Nature, which are all thole Things, whereby at any time the healthful Eftate of the fiorfesBo- dy is any way impeached : and they be three in number; that is, the Caufes,the Stckpefs, and the Accidents which follow every Sicknefs. Now the Caufes of Sicknefs areall unnatural AjfeEls, and evildif-
pofitians, which going before, do as it were by Violence, bring Sick; mfs after them tand of thefe Caufes there be 2 Sirtj, tome Intently. fome
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Lib. I. Of (ures Thyfecal. 19
fome External : The Internal be thofe which breed within the Bo-
dy of the //or/e, as evil Humours, evil Obftrudions, and evil Juyee, External are they which communicate with the outward parts of the Eody, as Heat, Cold, Storms, and fuch like, of which 1 (hall lpeak more in the fecond Book : And for ib much as I intend at the begin- ning of every particular Difeafe, to (hew the Caufe of that Difeaie, I Will at this time fpeak no more of that fubje£t. Now for Jkkruf it felf, which is any thifig that is contrary to Na-
ture, it is divided into three general kinds : the firft aa Evil Tem- ferature^ the fecond, an Evil State and Compofition j and the Third, A Loafing or Dividing ef an Unity, Now of thel'e two latter, I in- tend not to fpeak in this place, becaufe they appertain to Chirurgery, which I referve for the fecond Book: But for the firft kind, which is an evil Temperature, it is taken two-fold, that is, either fimple, or , compound: Simple, when one quality only doth abound, or exceed, as to be too moift, or too dry : Compound, when more qualities than cne do grow into excels, as for a Elorfe to be too hot, and too dry, or too cold, and too moift. Again, fickneffes are faid fome to be long, as Covfumptions, Glanders, and fuch like, which linger and Wear a Horfe away by fmall degrees; fome fhort,as the Staggers, Tel- lovs^Anticor, and fuch like, which as foon as they be perceived, fo foonthey be mortal. Now of inward fickneffes, fome do occupy all the whole Body,
fome but particular parts: thofe which occupy the whole Body, are Teavers, the Pefttkvce, Convttlfians, and fuch like: thofe which oc- cupy Parts or Members, are Colds which annoy the Head ; Surfeits which perplex the Stomach: And ib like wife all outward infirmities, proper to every particular Member ; as Spleens upon the Leggs, tyavent on the Hoofs, Pearls in the Eyes, and fuch like ; as fhall be amply fhewed hereafter, with their feveral Cures. And thus much for ficknefs, and the feveral kinds thereof. CHAP- XII.
- Of the fgns o/Sicknefe, and what Nature it conftfieth,
^^HE Signs and Faces, by which ficknefs isdifcerned, are many,
and almoft numberleis .• yet in the beft fort, that I may,I will , ihew you fuch, and fo many, as fhall amply ierve for any man's ' underftanding. Know then firft that there be,according to the Rules D Z in
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io Of Cures (pbyfical. Lib. 1.
in<Phyfick? four efpecialwayes to judge of inward and outward'
infirmities. Firft by accidents, as by the fhape, number, quantity and place of the Member grieved, for if it carry not his true pro- portion, or be more or lefs in number or quantity, or out of hi:: pro- per place, then queftionlefs it is di leafed. -Secondly, by alteration of thequality,as when'tis either too hot,too cold, toomoift, or too dry. Thirdly, when any Member of the B6dy,is hindred from doing h:3 Office, as when the-eye cannot fee, or the foot cannot tread. And fourthly, by Excrements, as by his Dung or Urine. But forafmuch, as in the f peculation of theic qualities, many of the ignorant fbrtmay be either amaz.ed,Diftract or Deceived, an j that my defire is to give an abfclute fatisfaction to all forts of People,! will briefly,and plainly ftiew you the moft undeceivable figns of all torts of inward ficknefTes, as thus .• If a Horfe be flower in labour, or Duller to the Sr« r than he hath been accufiomed ; If he be fhorter-breached ; 1 f his Ears hang down more than they were wont; If his hair be more flaring ; if his Flank be more than ulually hollow; If he burn betwixt hisEars, or about his Patterns ^ If in Travel his Stomach fail him-, or his Mouth, that iti labour was dually wont to be Foaming, become dry ; all theleare moft apparent figns of inward Skfejefe When a Horfe holdeth down his head, which was wont to be of
cheerful Countenance, it is a fign either of a Feaver, Hejd-ach, or elfe- Fouudring in the /?o^y- If a Horfe bedimm of fight, which s\'ac clear fighred,. it is a i"gn
either of J Jeadrach,the Staggers, or Sort Eyes. . When a Horfe turneth his Head backward to the place grieved, if it be to the right fide, it is a fign of ObftruBions in the Liver : but if he down to his 7?cl!y, then it is a fign cither of 0rAiv^ \r, or Worms.
\\ hen a Horfe hath water running from his Mouth, it is a fign of
the , or Wet If a Hcries breath - (links, or foul matter ifluesTrbm his NoftrilSjit
is a fign of an Vlccr in the Nofe or Head ; but if the matter be white, then it is a fign o{GL-mders ; if the matter be black, then it is a fign of the mourning of the Chine; but if the matter be yellow,then it beto- kens the Coni I of the Iavct; Bm if he call little Lumps out of his mouth, then it betokens the ■Confumption or rottenness of: the l/.mgs. If. a Horfes 5ody and 2?reath be hot, Ids a fign of a. Vever, and
heat
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Lib, I. Of Cures Thyftcd. ~ s
heat of the ftomach; if therewithal he forfake his Meat, it is a fign
of Inflammation in his Lhcr\ and either of dry or moift Telloxvs. If the Temple of a.-Horfes head be very hollow, it is a fign either
of the Strangle or Old Age. Shortnefs of Breath, and a beating Flank, is a fign either of a Fea-
ver or the Strangle,-.but if the pafiage of the Throat be flopped, it is a fign the film of the Lungs is broken, and the Spleen troubled, or elfe broken-winded. H any thing lie on both fides the Fore head,which may be felt beat,
it is a fign of the Stagers.' 'i If there be anything fwelling about, the Ears, it is a fign of the Pole-evil: fwelling under the Ear, is a fign of the Fives ; and fuel- ling in the Mouth, a fign either of Canker, Flaps, Lampaffe. ■ Swelling under the Throat is a fign of the Glanders; and fwelling abeufcthe tongue-roots, afignof the Strangle: But if there be about the Tongue-roots, nothing but little Imairknots, like wax kernels, teen it is but a fign of cold only. Swelling on the left fide is a fign of a fick Spleen. Swelling in the
MlyandLeggs, a fign of the Vropfie, and fwelling in the Flank, of ChoUckpnhj. To Cough, or to offer to Cough, is a fign either of the Glanders^
or the Mourning of the Chine,of a Feather in the Wefand, of the wet or dry Cough-, of the Film brcken, of the dry Malady, of a Con- sumption, or of Foundring in the Body. ^ . • StaggyriHjf is a fign either of a leaver,of the Staggers,or of fwaying h the Neck • But if he ftagger or role behind only, then it is a fign i eitherof Foundring in the Body, or of pain in the kidneys. 'I rembling is a fign of a feaver, or of a foundring in the Body :
and here is to be noted, that a Horle which tremblerh after the drin- king of acold water .hath during that time of trembling,a very certain, fit of an Ague •, and if any Farrier or other, will but obferve it, he. fc3ll find that the Horle, after he hath done trembling, will burn and glow in as great Extremity,at leaft an hour and a half after; and fome Horfes after their burning will fweatalfo. The hollownefs of a Horfes back is a fign of a dry Malady, or the:
Dropfie. Hair flaring is a fign either of a cold Stomach, or of foundring in
the 6ody, but generally of a cold, or want of Cloaths.' If a Horle ftale with much pain, it is a fign either of foundring,
D 3 ¥H
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Of Cures fbyfical. Lib. I.
in the Body, the wind Cholick-, or the Stone; and if the Urine which
comes from him be Yellow, it is a fign of the Glanders-, but if it be blackifh and thick, it is a fign of a pain in the Kidneys. Leannefs and Gantinefs, is a fign of Hide-bound, or of a Con-
sumption, of the dry Malady, of foundringinche Body, Inflammati- on of the Liver, the Yellows, Cholicl^otWorms. Laxativenej s,, a loofnefs of the Body, is a fign of a hot Liver.
Coftivenefs in the Body, is a fign of dry Yellows, or of Difeafes
in the Gaul. If allorfes Dungftink, it is a fign of a hot Liver ; if it have no
fmell, then of a cold Liver ; but if it be indigefted, then either of a Confumption, or of a dry Malady. If a Horfe goftiff, it is a fign either of Wrenching, Hipping, Sti-
fling, or Foundring either in Body or Leggs .■ If he go crouching be- hind, andftifF before, then the grief is in his Fore Legs, but if he go only weak behind, then is the grief in^his hinder Legs only. If a Horfe defire Extraordinarily to fye down on his right fide, it
is a fign of heat in the Liver. Jf on the left fide, then of a Difeafed Spleen. If he be oft up and down, finding no reft, then it is a fign of Bats, Worms, Cbolicj^ or Griping in the Belly, if when he is down, he fpreads himfelf abroad, it fliews theDropfie ; if he groan when he is down, itfhews either a fick Spleen, moift Yellows, Cboltck, Bots, or film broken ; if he be not able to rife when he is down, then either mortal H- taknefs, or Foundring in the Body or Legs. 1*0 be troubled with much Wind, is a fign either of grief in the
Spleen or lofs of much Blood. If a Horfe forfake his Meat, it is a fign either of a Feaver, Head-
ach, Strangles, Staggars, Confumption, or dry Malady, Anticor, Foundring in the Body, a hot and confumed, Liver, moift Yellows, Choiicl^, or the Worms; but if when he forfakes his Provender, he> doth as it were chavel, or chaw a little Hay, and in his chawing doth make a certain fharp Noife in his Month, as if his Tongue could not well part from the Roof without a kind of chanking, it is then a cer- tain fign that the Horfe is troubled with the falling of the Pallet of the Mouth, a Difeafe which only cometh by over much Travelling, or too fore a Burthen. If a Horfe defire to eat much, and drink little, it is a fign of a cold
Liver, but if he defire to drink much, and eat little, it is then a fign either of a Fw^r,rotten Lmgs,heat in the Stomach,heat in the Liver, or the dry Yellows. If |
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Lib. I. Of Cures Tbyfical.
If a Horfe both eat and drinkyr'tth an Extraordinarygreedinefsjt is
a fign of rotten Lungt, or a difeafed Spleen. Lazjy, heavy going, contrary to true Nature, is a fign either of a
Feaver, SkkSpleen, Yellows, or elfe ObjlruElions of the Liver. If a Horfe ftrike with his Foot at his Belly, it is a fign of the Cho-
hck, but if when he ftriketh, he Fw^with his Tail alio, then it is ei- ther Bots, or rough Worms. If a Horfe be Scabby and Vlcerom all over his Body, and about
his Neck, it is a fign of the Mangy : if it be an Ulcer full of knots creeping along a Vein, it is the farcy, if fpreading abroad only in one place, it is a Canker : if the Ulcer be hollow and crooked, it is zViftula: But if it be a fpungy Wart, full of Blood, it is then an -Anbury. If anHorfes Tongue hang out, and befwoln, it is a fign of the
Strangle. To conclude, if a Horfe in health beat fhort, thick, and faft in the
Flank, it is a fign of ficknefs in the Lungs and Lights, which we call broken Winded, witha world of other fuch like figns and tokens, as, fhall be more amply declared in every particular Chapter.. CHAP. XIII.
general Obfervations in the Phyjiching of Horfes; AFter you can by thefe Signs and Characlers,judge and approve
either the health or lieknels of a Horfe, it is then neceflary that you learn fome General Rules and Obfervations which belong to the Phyficking of a Horfe; left that either by your Rafrmfs,. Vnski'fulnefi, or Vncleannefs in what you go about to do, you commit errors more grofs than the Medicine you Adminifier hath Power, to do good Know then firft, that whenfoever you go about to give your Horfe any inward Votion or Drench, you muft firft take very careful heed, that your Drink, be no more than /^/i/^warm, for there is nothing more mortal to a Horfe, than the Scalding of his; ftomach. Next, you muft be verycareful that you give the Drench eafily and gently, left in making too much hafte, the Drinks pals into his Wefand or Wind Pipe, and fb force him to an extream Coughing, andalmoft/«/oc\srehim; which if it do. you muft then let his Head bofe; and walk him up and down till the paffion be paft. Laftly-> |
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^4 Of Cures (Pbyfical. Lib. I.
you fhall obfervein giving a Drench, to draw out the Horfes tongue
before you put in the Horn, and then prefently let it loofe again ; for that will compel him to fwallow whether he will or no. And this is principally to be ufed, when you give your Horfe Pills, as Butter andGarliek, Butter and Sanders, or Butter and Savin : Alio, every Crench will work the better, the longer you keep the fick Horfe failing both before and after his Medicine ; wherein is Iikewife to be obferved, that moderate Exercife, (as gently Walking, or Trotting up and down, according to the Horiesftrength, after his Drench re- ceived) is moft wholefom, andmaketh the Medicines work a great deal the better. You fhall Iikewife obferve, if year Horfes ficknefs be a Feaverto
irJx always your fimples either with warm Water, with Honey, or withOyl; but if the Difeafe be Coughs, Rheums, or any thing that proceedeth of cold Caufes, then you fhall mix your fimples with good Ale, or Wine 3 and if your Horfe be brought low and weak with ficknefs, then you fhall mix your Simples with Milk and Eggs. You fhall alfo obferve, that in Blood-letting, you muft take but
half ib much from a young Colt, as from an old Horfe, and but the fourth part from a Yearling Foal : Alfo in letting blood you muft carefully regard the Age and Strength of your Horfe, Taking more or lei's according to his Ability of Body. Laftly, letting of Blood is either to divert ficknefs, and preferve Health, or to lefrefh and cool the Spirits, or to diminifh Blood -7 or elfe to purge grofsand bad Humours. Obferve before you let your Horfe blood; firft, moderately to
chafe, or exercife him : then let him take reft a day before his letting blood,- and three days after,not forgetting that April and Qttober are the two principal Seafons of the Year for that purpofe,except urgent occafidn be miniftred. Obferve, whenfoever you rake your, Horfe with your hand,
(which is to draw his Ordure out of his Fundament when he cannot Dung; that then, firft you anoint all your hands with Sallet Oyl, or , Butter : the like you muft ever do when you put up any Suppofita- ry; but when you adminifter any Glifter, you fliall then but anoint theGlifter-pipe only. Many other Obfervations there are,, which be more particular, and thoi'e you fhall find annexed to the feveral Cures of every Difeafe. Thus much then of thefe genera! Obfer- vations. C H A P.
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Lib. I. _ Of Cures Vbyfical.
—
8 ■ . .
CHAP. XIV.
Of the Vrine, and Excrements of a Horfe. V
A£ter you have made your memory acquainted with the fign
and obfervations before fpecified, and fo in the end find a Horie, which by the demonftration of fome of thefe figns, appeareth moft certainly to befickand difeafed.- My advice is then, (if con- veniently you may, and that the violence of the ficknefsdoth not urge the contrary) that before you adminifter any thing unto him, in any cafe you fee his Urine, from which Urine you (hall reap thefe Knowledges. Firft, if the Urine of a Horfe be of a pale; whitifh, yellow colour
like unto Amber, and therewithal fomewhat ftrong fmelling, and not very clear, then you fhall be allured that the Horfe is in good ftateof Body, ftrong and healthful j but if it be extraordinary white, as it were creamy, then it is a fign the Horfe hath weak Reins, and is fubjecl to the Stone, and theftoppng of the Kidneys. If the Urine of a Horfe be fomewhat high coloured, bright and
clear like Lamber, and not like Amber, or like a Cup of ftrong March Beer; then it fheweth the Horfe hath Inflammation in his Blood, and that he hath either a Feaver, or elfefome great, Surfeit, but if it be red like Blood, then is his Inflammation more great, and his Surfeit is only an over-heat taken by over-riding ; Infomuch,that if prefent Remedy be not applyed, either by fcouring or other healthful Phyfick, the Horfe cannot chufe but fall into fome mortal ficknefs. If theUrineof the Horfebeofapalegreenifh Colour, thick and
flimy, it is a fign of a weak Back, and confumption of the Seed. Laftly, If the Horfes Urine be high coloured, yet therewithal
cloudy, and full of blacknefs, then it is a fign that the- Horfes (icknefs is Mortal, and hardly to be preferved by any Phyfick:, but if the Blacknefs and Cloudimfs of the Urine do not remain, (as it were) bound up together in one body, but is broken and difperfed, fhewing many Clouds in one Water, "then it is a fign that the Violence of the ficknefs departeth away, and there is great hope, by good govern- ment that the Horfe will recover his Health as at the beginning. Now for the Excrements or dung of a Horfe, which is no Iefs
worthy of Note than the Urine; you fhall firft underftand, that if E his
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*5
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i6.. Of Cures ffafical. Lib., I.'
his Dung be ever of Alliance with his Food. I mean either in part or
whole coloured like unto that he. eateth, as thus for Example; if your Horie go at Grafs^his Dung will ever be green>aud the brighter ixxchgreennefs is, and being in a mean between hardnefs and Softnefs the founder andin more perfect Eftate the Horfe ftaodeth ; but if the Cretnnefs be bright, yet the Ordurefo foluble and lopfe, that it com- eth from the Horie like Water., then you fhall underftand, that ei-, ther the Horie hath eatenupfome Feather, or elie he hath an inward : Coldneis both in his Stomach and Bowels, 1 f a Horfes Dung be of a reafonable tHicknejfs, neither too Cofllve,
nor too Soluble, yet the Greerinefs inclined,to.ibme J?/^%f/f, it is a fign"that the Horfe hath a hot ftomach, and is eafily fubjfeifl either to the Yejlows or Staggers. If the Hories Dung be in round hard Pellets, and of a SLchiJJ}
green Colour^ like trie dung of Sheefc, or aD^, then it is without fail, that 'the Horfe hath had fome great furfeit, either by over- riding; or by ill Food, or elfe is certainly poitefl either of the Yellows, or Vever,1 of Found ring in rbe Body. Now if your Horfe be fed only upon Straw, then its Colour will
be of a high-coloured,Yellow, rather Coilive than Soluble, and the Grain thereof iong, and not Well couched together : And all thefe be goodfigrisof great healthfulnefs ; but if the Colour be inclined to Redneis, or if it be exceeding dry without moifture, or if it be Thin, likethedungof anOxor Cow, they all be apparent figns of inwardficknefs :, but if the Redneis turn to Blacknefs, arid that his Ordure doth lofe the ftrength of its fmelling, then it is a great fign of Death and Mortality. If your Horie be fed with Flay and Provender, then your perfect
and found Dung will be of a brown yellow Colour, the Grain forne- what long^y'et moift and well fixttogeuher,; but if the brownefsturn to redneis, it isafign of diftemperature ; and if it turn to blacknefs, then of Death. Mow for the fmell of his Dung, youmufl under- ftand, that .the more Provender you give the greater will be the fmell, and the lels Provender, the Iefs fmell. Laftly, If .you feed your Horfe only upon Provender, as bread,:
Oats, arid fuch like, then the Dung which fhews a perfect and a found Bodyy.viil be of a pale yellow Colour, like coarie honey, firm, like a thick Salve, having within it when you tread upon it or break it,, little whits Grains, like thole which are in, Sope \ or if the Dung. |
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l^J: Of Cures PhypcaL ~~7j
be harder, like the^rdinary Ordure of a Man, itisnotamifs : For
both be figns of health and ftrength ; and if the dung look Red,theri « is a fign that the Horfe hath taken fome inward heat, and his Sto- mach and Bowels do reft ftill inflamed, . _" his Dung be brown and flimy, or if it fhine and look greafie,
»t is a fign that he hath had Tome of his inward greafe molten, and that if\refteth and p\itrifieth m his Body; butif with his dung, you lee him void great clods and lumps of Greafe, then ybu may be'al- lured .that his Greafe was molten, but Nature hath overcome in- nrmity, and the worft danger is paft already ; but if the Dung be ^ matter undigefted, ib that you may either perceive therein whole Corns, or whole bits of Bread, it is a fign the Horfe hath either had a 'ate Surfeit, or is entering into a Mortal Confnmption. Laftly, if his "ung be black, or have loft the Smell, it is an apparent fign of death. And thus much for Urine and Excrements, and the feveral know- ledges attained by them. ■ ' r 'c H A P. XV-
Of Feavers in General*, and the divers kinds thereof, THAT Horfe s have Fea vers, andthofe Feavers of divers and fun-
dry Natures, there is nothing more certain,asby ftricl Obfer- vation may daily be perceived, efpecially when we uie either much travel or diforderly Diet: for queftionlels from thefe two and none other Heads,do fpring moft Feavers whatfoever. But firft,that I may give you an account what a Horfes Feaver is,youfhali know that it is an unnatural, and immoderate heat,-which proceeding firft from the Heart, difperfeth it felf not only through all the Arteries, but even the Veins of a Horfes Body, and thereby/hmdreth all the- Adions and wholefome Motions of the fame, Now of Feavers, fomsFarriers make three forts. The firft, thole which breed in the fpirits, being inflamed nnri w nn fire beyoud the ordinary courfe of Nature : The fecond,thole which breed in the Humours,being likewifediftem- peredbyheat: And the third;,-thole-which breed in the firm parts of the Body, and are continually hot.1 Now I for your better Me- mory, will divide them only into two parts, that isto fay, Ordinary, and Extraordinary. The Ordinary Feavers, are all thofe which are bred either in the fpirits, or in the Humours 5 as namely, Quotidians, Tertians, Qmrtans, Feavers continual, Feavers heStick^j Feavers in E 2 Autumn.,
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2 8 Of tuns <PbjfcaL Lib. I.
Autumn, Summer or Winter, And the Feavers extraordinary, are
all thofe which are bred in. the firm parts of the Body, and are ever hot as peftilent Feavers, and the jtlagmt which are ever accompa- nied with V leer j ; and the feaver accidental, which proceedeth from the Anguifh and pain of fome mortal wound. Now for the caufe, from whence thefe Reavers do proceed, you
fhall underftand, that all thefe which I call ordinary Feavers, do generally fpring either from Surfeit by extreme Labour, or fome Surfeit by naughty meat, ae Raw Peafe, Rave "Fitches, Ram, Oatsr Mouldy and unwholfome Bread, and fuch like .- Sometimes they do proceed from the extreme Violence and heat of the Sun Beams, when travelling with diforderly hafte, in theextreameft heat of the Day, thofe two heats mixed together, Labour and the Sun, there cannot chufe but be bred in the Horfe fome Mortal Inflammation ; and for my own part, I have feen Horfes fall down dead in the High-way : For whofe deaths, I could find no reafon more than their Labours, and the heat of the Sun. Feavers fometimes fpring from a contrary Caufe, as from extreme cold,in this manner : When a Horfe in the Winter time hath been Travelled fore all the Day,and is brought into the houfe hot, if after his blood and inward powers arefetled and cooled, you then prefently, or the fame night give him cold Water as much as he will drink, you fhall fee him out of hand fall into an extreme Quaking, and from that Quaking into a violent burning, with all other diftemperatures of a Feaver. Now for extraordinary Feavers, they ever proceed either from
Corruption of Blood, or from Infection of the Air: And albeit thefe Feavers are not ufually known unto our Farriers,y et they are as com- mon as the former; only the violence of them is fo great, and the Poyfonfoftrong, that they ever carry with-them fome other Mortal ficknefs, as namely the Stagers, Yellows, Anticor, and fuch like, which never are,but a Peftilent Feaver ever goeth before them.- And they, like the Marks of the Plague, are feldom feen till the Cures be defperate, and then the unskilful Farrier^ neither noting* nor knowing, if he did, the effedte of the Feaver, doth ever mil call the name of the Horfes iafirmity* and taking the lefler for the grea- ter, fails many times todo the good Office and Cure, which he inten- deth. Now the figns to know the Feaver, be thefe .* Firft, he will ever
hold down his Head, he will quake and tremble » but when his trembling
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Lib. L Of Cures Pbyftcal. 29
trembling is paft, then will his Body burn, and his Breath be hot, he
will breath faft, and his Flank will beat, hewillreell, hewillfor- fake his Meat, his Eyes will be fwoln and clofed up,iyet therewithal! much Watering j his Flefh will as it were fall from his Bones, and his Stones will hang down low, he will oft lye down and rife up again : as his defire will be to drink; yet at no time drink much, neither will he at any time fleep. Now for the general cure of thefe general Feaver-', you fhall uit-
derftand, that ibme Farriers ufeto let the Horfe blood in the Face, Temples, and Palate of the Mouth, and the firft day to give him m Meat, but warm drink only, by a little at a time .• And after the fineft Grafs, or fineft Hay wet in Water, keeping him warm, and often walking him up and down in a temperate A'r j arad giving him good ftore ©f Litter, then when he begins to mend, to feed him with Barely fodden, Huskt and beaten; as you do Wheat before you ma'ieFurmity, and this Cure is not amifsj for it agreeth with the Antient experience of the Italians : but in our Englifh Horfes, (through the Clime ; as I fuppofe) it often faiieth. The beft Cure therefore that I have found, is, as foon as you
perceive him to begin to fhake,to give him the yolks of three or four Eggs, beaten with feven or eight fpoonfuls of Aqua-vita to drink, and then chafe him up and down till h;s making be pall, and then fethimup clofe and warm, and with many cloaths make him fweat an hour : Let his Food be Oats, very well dried and (ifted, and oaceaday fome wafh'd in Ale. If his making fit be pad, before you perceive his ficknefs, you fhall only give him a pint of Mus'^t- dinc, and an Ounce of Sugar-candy beaten to powder, and brewed together to Drink.-, and'fo let him reft, feeding him by little and little, asaforefaid, and giving him no water but ftch as is warm : and this Order you fhall obferve at the beginning of every fit, if you can note them, or elfe every Morning, if his ficknefs hath no> ceafing. CHAP. XVI.
Of the QmticHarty or every days Fcaver, and the Cure* THE OHotidia»,or every days Feaverjs that which takes a Horfe;
and holdeth him with one fit once every day ; and will at Aril- appear lomewhat Violent, but feidom or never eudureth long,, if the
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3 Of Cures fhyjtcai. Lib. • I.
the Furrier have any difcreuoii. It proceedefh moft commonly from
extreme Riding, either after water, or a full ftomach; and then > fuddenly, after his heat, being thruft into a Stable, and neither ftopt, nor rubbed, a fuddain Coldnefs to that fuddain Heat, begets a mak- ing, and- fo confequently, the effect of a Feaver. The figns to know it, are Watrifhand Blood fhotten eyes, fhort
and hot breathing, Pandng, Loathing of his Meat and Sriffnefs in his Limbs -0 but above thele, to know it is a jQuotidian-, you fhall ob- ferve, that thefe figns, together with she ficknefs, wilinot Iaft above fix or eight hours in one day, and then he will be cheerfui and in health again, till very near the fame hour of the next day, at what time his fit will begin again. And here is to be noted, that the more it altereth the hours, the more hope there is of his health; as if it takes him at feven of the Clock of the one day, and at three of the Clock of the other, and fo forth. The cure is, you fhail only during his fit, give him nothing but a fweet Mafli made of Malt and Water being hike warm, and walk him gently up and down in a Temperate v Air; then' as foon as his fit is part • you lhallfet him up, and rub his Body and Leggs exceedingly ; then four hours after you mail give him this Drink-: Take of ftrong Ale a quart, and boyl therein half a handful of Wormwood, of long Pepper and Grains two ounces, of the beft Treacle two Ounces, and of the Powder of dried Rue one Ounce .• Now when a third part of the Ale is confumed, take it from . the fire and ftrain it, then put therein three ounces of Sugar-candy beaten to Powder; then when it isluke-warm give it him with a Horn to drink. Do this twice at the leaf!, or thrice if his fits continue, and there is no doubt but he will Recover. CHAP. XVII.
Of the Tertian leaver. TH E Tertian Feaver, is that which cometh every other day,
holding the Horfe with one fick day, and one found : it is not fo violent as the Quotidian, bur much longer lafting; -ithappen- eth ofteft in the fpring-time of the year, when Blood begins to encreafe, and moft commonly to Cdlts and young Horfes. It proceeds of the fame caufes that the Qoii&ian doth, and Ibmetimes of Rank* nefs and ill Elood. The figns to know ir, are alhhe figns formerly fpokenofand thisisthechiefeir, that the Horle will be apparently |
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*i-b. L Of Cures ^lyfical. - ?
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nek, as it were on the Monday,then apparently well on the Tuefday,
and ficfo on the Wednefday following. This Feaver is. never feen, but it beginneth with making. The Cure thereof is, as.fpon as you perceive the Horfe begin to fbake, you fhall takea certain Herb.Soy rather a Weed called St one-crop, and bruifing it in a Morter, take fome four fpoonfuls of the juice thereof, and infufe it in a quart of ftrong Ale, and give it the Horfe to drink : then walk him gently up and down in fome temperate Air for an hour, then fet him up, and With the help of Cloaths put him into a I'weat for another hour, then cool him; and in any wile, till his fits leave him, let him Drink, no coxd Water, and let his Provender be the oldeft and drieft Oats you can get, only upon his good daies before his fits come, keep him ve- ry long faftmg and empty. CHAP. XVIII.
Of the Quartan Feaver.
PHE Quartan, Feaver, is that s&h'tcfi fome Harriets call a third
JL daies ficknefs, as thus: If his fitsbegin on the Monday, he will be well on the Tuefday and Wednefday,and fick again onthe Thurf- day. It proceeds from the fame Caufes that the Tertian Feaver doth, yet in his working is uor fo apparently Violent, but-of much longer Continuance .• for if greater care and help be not, thefe Feavers will laft fome aquarter of a year, forne half a year, and fomea whole year. There-needs no other fign to know it, then the coming and going of the fits, as hath been declared already. And for theCure* H is the felf fame; which is defcrtbedinthe former Chapters, for the / ertim Feaver: only if his fits doth not leave him at the.firft taking of the Medicine, you .fhall-then give it him again the fecond time,, but not above, thrice at the moft in any w ife. "■■'.-. CHAP. XIX.
. Of the Feaver continual. ^TPHE Feave?•■Continualis that which conrinueth without any inter-
raL million, and it is moft dangerous and violent .• For there is in if the effects of all the former Feavers, every one taking place as the other enderh : as the Quotidian beginning is purfued by a Tertian, and a Tertian by z.Quartar^ and thole two fupply fb.many hours till the-;
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31 Of Cures <Phyfical. Lib. I.
the Quotidian doth begin again. This kind of continual Feaver, moft
often lpringethfrom ibme inflammation or Violent heat ingendred in the Principal Members about the Heart: and the figns thereof are Want of Reft, and falling away of the flefh, befides certain Inflam- mations or fwellings, which will appear about his Withers and Flanks. The Cure is, firft to purge his head by fneezing,the manner whereof you (hall find in a particular Chapter hereafter : which done, youfhall give him this Drink, take of Jermander two Ounces, of Gum Tragacant, and dried Rofes, of each half an Ounce, beat them into fine powder, and put them into a quart of Ale, adding thereunto of Oyl-Olive two Ounces, and as much Honey •, and when it is luke- warm, give k the Horfe to drink: then walk him a little fpace, and after fet him up clofe and warm, keep him from cold Water, and let his Provender be dry Oats. CHAP. XX.
Of the HeBick^Feaver.
THE HeElic^Feaver in Horfes js a dangerous and mortal Feaver,
being in a Horfe the firft Original breeder of a Consumption ; it is a certain hot and dry Humour, which runneth between the Skin and the Flefh, proceeding from a fick Stomach, which having been icalded with hot Drinks, as thole ill dieted running Horfes be, which feed upon much Spice, ;as thofe which take hot drenches, upon every foolifh and flight occafionj hath almoft clean loft the power of Digeftion •• It fometimes happens to thofe Horfes which Men too carefully teaching to Drink Beer and Wine, do fo conti- nually apply them thereunto, that in the end they become fubject to this ficknefs. The figns to know it j the horfe will never eat with any appetite, and when you draw out his Tongue, you fhall find it raw and almoft fcalded •, his Flefh wiil be loofe and flaggy, and his Body fubjecT: to a continual Trembling. The Cure is, firft wafh his Tongue either with the Sirrupof Mulberries, or with Allom, running Water, Sage, and woodbine Leaves boyled together, then give him falling in a morning this drink: Take of Aloes one Ounce, of Garlick half an Ounce, of Licoras and Annifeedsof each a dram, beaten to powder, and let him drink it with a quart of white Wine, luke-warms and made i'weet with Sugar-candy or Honey: let him drink
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Lib. I. Of Cures Vhyfical
drink no drink, but warm mafhes of Malt and Water, and let his
meat be fweet //ay, or green Corn blades: and ever after his Me- dicine, let him be chafed a little, kept falling two or three hours,ani ftand warm aud well cloathed. CHAP. XXI.
0/ the Fcvenaken in Axtww, or the fall of the Leaf,
ALL thefe Fevers before fpoken of, do for the moft part, com."
monly happen toUorfes'xn the Spring-time of the year, by rea- son that the new Blood is ever apteft to be inflamed .• yet notwith- standing, we find by experience, that Feavers will fometimes come at the fall of the Leaf, which we call Autumn, and they are of a longer continuance than the other. The figns are none other but luch as I have already declared : For they are the fame Fevers, only al- tering the time of the year. If therefore your Horfi do chance to catch a Fever at the fall of the Leaf, you mail let him Blood on his Neck-vein, and in the Palate of his Mouth, and you (hall give him to drink the fame drink which is formerly ffet down for the Fever-con- tiual, and there is no doubt of his Recovery. CHAP. XXII.
Of the Fewer takgn \n the Summr-feajon.
A Fever taken in the Summer feafon, is the worft of all Or-
dinary Fevers whatfoever, efpecially all fuch as are taken in the Dogdays ; becaufe according to the opinion of Farriers, all accidents are then moft furious: the efpecial figns of this Fevestare that his Arteries will beat moft palpably, and wherefoever he ftaleth there you fhall perceive he fheddeth his Seed alfo. The Cure Ac- cording to the Antients, is to let him Blood in the great Vein which he hath on his hinder haunch, almoftfour Inches beneath his Funda- ment : but for mine own part becaufe that Vein is not eafily found by every ignorant Smith, and that many times by miftaking, they may cut the Arterie, infteadofthe Vein, I hold it fully as good to" let him Blood on the Neck-Vein, which done, give him this Drini: two hours and a half after; Take the Juice of a handful of purflane, and mix it with Gum-Tragacant, Annifeeds, .«id Damask-rlofe- F leaves,.
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■ Of Cures fbyfical. Lib. I.
leaves beaten to powder -.then put them into a quart of Strong Ale •■,
made fweet either with Sugar-candy, or Honey, and fail not to give him this Drink three mornings together, keep the Horfe warm during his ficknefs. . CHAP. XX1IL
Of the Feaver taken in the Winter feafon. AFeaver taken in the Winter, is not fo dangerous to the Life of
a Horfe, as the Feaver before mentioned} yet it is a Feaver which will continue long, and ask great GrcumfpedtiorHn the Cure; the caufes thereof are the fame which are formerly defcribed; and the figns are no other than hath been formerly declared. Touching the Cure, it is thus : you fhall firft purge his head by making him fneeze, that done, you fhall let him Blood both in the Neck and the Pallatof the Mouth, and then two hours and a half after give him this drink : Take of Rue three Ounces, of round Pepper half an Ounce, of Bay-berries,and the feed of Smallage, each half an Ounce, boylthefein White Wine, and give it him to drink luke warm. Other Farriers ufe to rake a pint ofnewJVIilk, and to put therein two'Ouncesof Sallet Oy/, of Saffron one fcruple, and of Myrrh two fcruples, of the Seed of Smallage a fpoonful, and to make him drink it lukewarm -7 but the Horfe which taketh this Drink, mult be good in ftrength, for if he be brought low it is fomewhat too ftrong. The Antient Italians did ufe for this Fever, to give this Drink .;
Take of Anftolochia half an Ounce, of Gentian, of Hyflbp, Worm- wood, of Southern-wort, of each half an Ounce, of dry fat Figs three Ounces, of the feed of Smallage an Ounce and a half, of Rue half an handful, boy.I them all with running Water in a clean Veffel, till alinofi half be confumed ; then when it begins to thicken, take it from the fire, ftrain it, and give it the Horfe luke-warm. ' Now there are not any of thefe Drinks but are fufficient for the Cure ; but the firft is belt. Now for his Diet, be fure to keep him falling long be- fore his fits come, and let his Drink be only warm MafhesofMalt and Water. N.ow if you perceive that his fits continue, and bring the Horfe to any weakneis, you fhall then to comfort and quicken the natural heat of the Horfe, rub and chafe all his Body over, either in the Sun, or by fome foft Fire, with fbme wholfome Friction, of which Frictions ypu fhall find choice in a particular Chapter here-
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Lib. I. Of Cures Thyficd. " £#
hereafter following together with their feveral natures and ufes.
C H A P.' XXIV.
Of theFeaver which cometh by Surfeit of meat.only.
THE Feaver which cometh by Surfeit of Meat only, without ei-
the Diforder of Travel or Corruption of Blood, is known by thel'e figns : the Horfe will heave and beat upon his back, his breath will be fhort, hot, and dry, and his Wind will draw only at his Nole with great violence. The cure therefore is, you fhall let him Blood in his Neck, under his Eyes, and in the Palate of his mouth, yen fhall alfo purge hishead by making him fneeze, then keep him with very thin Diet, that is, let him fall for more than half of the day, aud let him not drink above once in four and twenty hours, and that drink to be warm water; you fhall alfo once or twice * chafe his Body v/ith a wholfme Friction ; and if, during his Cure, he chance to grow coftive, you fhall cade him to be raked, and after- ward give him either a Suppofitory, or a Clifter, of both which, and of their feveral natures, you fhall read fufficiently in a Chapter fol- lowing. C H A P. XXV.
Of Fevers extraordinary., andfirji of Peftilent Fevers. WE find by many Antient Italian Writers, that both the Ro-
mans^ and others their Countrymen, have by experience found many Horfes fubjed to mis Peftilent Fever, which is amoft contagious and peftiferous Difeafe, almoft incurable; and for mine own part I have i'een it in many Colts and young Hoiles. Surely, it proceedeth as I judge, either from great corruption of Blood, or from Infection of the Air. The figns thereof be, the Horle will hold down his Head, forfake his Meat, Ihed much Water at his Eyes; and many times have 1 wellings or Ulcers riling a little below his Ear-roots. The Cure is, firft you fhall not fai.1 to let him Blood in the Neck: vein : then two or three hours after you fhall give him a Clifter, then make him this Plaifter: Take of Squilla five Ounces, of Elder, of Caftoreum^ot Muftard-feed, and of Fuforbium^A each two Ounces, difTolve the fame in the Juice of Daffodil and Sage, ^nd lay it all about the Temples of his Head, and betweenhis- Ears .• then give F i him
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3 6 Of Cures <PhyfcaL ~~ Lib. L
him to drink for three or four days together, every Morning, two
Ounces of the beft Treacle diflblved in a pint of good Muskadine, 1 he Italians ufe to give him divers Mornings, a pound of the Juice of Elder roots, or inftead of his Hay, a good quantity of that Herb which is called Venm hair; but if the time of the year be fuch that they cannot have it green, then they boil it in Water, and (Train it, and give it him to Drink, but I hold the firft Drink to be moft fofScient, his Viet being thin, and his keeping warm. CHAP. XXVI.
Of the Plague and Pefiilence in Horfes, of fotne called the
Garvil or Murrain. THis Peftilence, Murrain, or Gargil in Horfes, is a contagious
and moft infectious Vifeafe, proceeding either from Surfeit of Heat, Cold, Labour, Hunger, or any other thing breeding corrupt humours in a Horfes Body, as the holding too long of his Urine, drinking when he is hot, or feeding upon grofs, foul, and corrupt Foods, as in low grounds, after floods," when the Grafs is unpurged and fuch like. Sometimes it iprings from fome evij Influence of the planets, corrupting the Plants and Fruits of the Earth, and Cattel too fometimes, and from divers other fuch like Caufes ; but howib- gver, when the Difeale beginneth, certain it is, that it is moft in- fectious, and if there be not care and prevention ufed, of multitudes,, it will not leave one. Not any of the Antient Italian Farriers, nor any of our Englijh Farriers that I have met with, do or can fhew me any fign or token to know this Difeafe, more than that one or two muft firft die, and then by their Deaths I rauft adjudge and prevent what will follow ; but they are miftaken .• For this Diieafe is as eafi- ly known by outward figns, as any Diieafe whatfoever ; as name- ly, the Horie will begin to lower and hang down his head ; and with- in two or three days after fuch -low ring, you fhall fee him begin to fwell under his Ear roots, or under the roots of his Tongue, and that fwelling will run univerfally overall one fide of his Face, being very extream hard and great. "Moreover all his Lips, Mouth,, and Whites of his eyes will be exceeding yellow, and his Breath will beftrong, and ftmk exceedingly. The Cure of this Diieafe, according to the manner of the Italians
and Frenchmen, is fiFft to feparate the found from the fick, even a far diftance from that Air where ths fick breatheth; then let him blood
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Lib. I. ofCures fbyfical.
Wood in the Neck veins, and give every one feverally to drink, two
ipoonfuls of the powder of Diapentey brewed in a pint of ftrong Sack^ of the compofirion of which DUpente, and of the particular Virtues thereof, you fhall read in a Chapter following. If you cannot rea- dily get this Diapente, you may then take a pint of Afaskadm, and. dhfolve into it two Ounces of the ben Treacle, and it will ferve the turn. Queftionlefs thefe Medicines are both exceeding good; for they are great prefervatives againft all infections. Now that wirich I have found far to exceed them, and to be mod
Excellent, not only for this Plague amongft Horfes, but for the Plague or Murrain (of feme called the Mountains-evrl) amongft Beafts, is this- Take a good quantity ©fold Urine, and mix therewith a good quantity of Heiis Dung, ftir them well together till the Dung be dif- iolv'd: then with a horn give to every Horle «r Beaft a pint thereof lukewarm. This have I feen help hundreds. CHAP. XXVII.
Of the Fever accidental, coming by fame Womd received.
IF a Horfe fhall receive any* grievous and fore wound, either by
ftrokeor thruft, by which any of the Vital Powers are let or hki- dred, certain it is, that the pain and anguifh of fuch wounds will bring a Horfe to a hot Fever, and then his life is in great danger : Befides a Horfe being naturally fubjeel to moift Diftilhtions in his throat, there will many times rife therein great fwellings and Ulcers, through the pain whereof a Horle will fall into a burning Ague. The figns whereof are, that he will covet much to drink, but
cannot drink, and his flefh will fall away ia much extraordinary fafhion. The Cure befides the Remedies before mentioned, is, to let him
blood under his Ears, and in the Mouth: and then to take a fine Maticher, and cutting it in dices, fteep it in Muskadine, and compel him to fwallow them.- It fhall alio be good, if once in three days you fteep your Manchet in Sallet-Oyl, and make him eat it. As for his drink, let it be only warm Maihesof Malt "and Water, which if he cannot drink, you fhall then give it hina with an horn. And thus much touching Fevers both ordinary and extraordinary. |
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C H A P.
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? 8 Of Cures fbyftcal > Lib. I.
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CHAP. XXVIII.
eSP One general? certaih^and approvedCure'forallthe Fevers andSick-
neffes formerly rehsarfsd^ never yet difclofed from the Author's breafi, I Have in the former Chapters fhewed you the Names, Diverfittes,
Natures, Signs, and ordinary Cures for all lorts of Fevers what- soever : Now becaufe I know the Ignorance of fome lb great that they cannot difcern ; the Sloth of others fuch, that they will not ia- deavour to difcern t and the Folly of many fo peevifh, that they will iniftake what they may difcern..- I will fhew you here one general, certain, and approved Medicine, for all Fevers of what Nature or Violence foever, When therefore at any time you fhall find by any of the Signs
formerly rehearfed, that your Horfe droopeth, you .fhall prefsntly let him blood in the Neck vein, and let him bleed well, then three Mornings together after (the Horfe being fafting) give him half an Ounce of the Powder called Diapente^ (the Compofition whereof you fhall find in a particular Chapter, together with the Vertues,) and this Diapeme you fhall brew in a pint of Muskadine, and fo give it the Horfe to drink with an Horn - then let him be ridden or walked abroad for an hour ; after he cometh in, give him any meat whatibever that he will eat. At noon give him a iweet Mafh. In the evening perfume.his head with a tweet perfume.- The Com- pofition whereof you fhall find in a particular Chapter; atNight rub all his Limbs well with hard Wifps, and his head and nape of the Neck with a coarfe harden Rubber, then feed as aforefaid. And thus do three daystbgether,and without doubt health will come fuddenly. CHAP. XXIX.
Of the Difeafes in the Head. AS a Horfes Head is compofed of many parts, fo are thofe many
parts fubject'to many andiimdry grievances, as namely, the Panicles, or thick skins, which cleave to the Bones, and cover the whole Brain, are fubjecT: to Head-ach, Megrim, Dizzinefs, and A- mazes; the whole Brain it felf is properly fubjecT: to breed the Frenfie, Madnefs, fleeping evil, the taking and forgetfulnefs. And here is ro
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Lib. I. - Of Cum ^hyfical,
to be noted, that many Farriers, and thofe of approved good skiil
have ftrongly held opinions, that Hories have very little or no brains at all .- And my fell" for my own part, being carried away with their Cenfures, did at laft upon good confideration, cut up the heads of divers Borfes.,fome Dead, and fome in dying,and could never find any Liquid or thin Prain, as in other Beafts, but only a very thick, ftrong,tough,and fhinmg fubftance, folidand firm, like a tough jslly, which I ever held to be only a Panicle, and fo refolved with others, that a Horfe had no Brain : But after, upon further Difcourfe with Men of better Learning, I had this Refolution given me: That a Horfe being a Beaftof extraordinary ftrength and ability, made even to endure the worft of all extremities, either by fore Iabour,or heavy Burthen, that Nature in his Creatio.'rhad endowed him with Mem- bers anfwerable to fuch Vigour : As namely, that;his Brain was not liquid and moift, as fubject-to fleet, or to be diftempered with every finall diforder, but tough and hard, even unpenetrable, and not to be pierc'd by any reafonable motion. And for the Panicles, they fhewed me thofe thin skins over and befides that great fubftance : 16 that by experience I law, and now know, that a Horfe hath' both Brain and a Panicle, and in them two.arebred the Difeafes before mentioned. Now in the Ventricles, or Cells of the Brain, and iq thofe Conduits by which the lively Spirits giv^ feeling and motion to the Body, there do breed the Turnfick, or Sturdy, the Staggers, the falling evil, the Night-Mare, the Apoplexy, the Palfie and Convul- fion, or Cramp, the Catarrh, or Rheum, and laftly the Glanders. And thus much of the Head" in general. CHAP. XXX.
Of Head-ach^ or fain in the Head. TH E Headach is a pain that cometh either from fome inward
caufe, or of fome Cholerick Humour gathered together in the Panicles of the Brain, or elfe of fome extream heat or cold, or of fome fudden blow, or of fome noiiome Savour. Thefignsare, the hanging down of the Horfes /^eadand Ears, dropping of his Urine, dimnefs of fight, fwoln and watrifh Eyes. The Cure according to the opinion of fome of our Engliih Farriers, is to let him blood in the Eye-veins, andtofquirt warm water into his Noftrils \ and for that day give him no meat; the next Morning fafting give him warm
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p Of Cures fhyfical. Lib. I.
warm Water, and iome Grafs: at night give him Barley and Fitches
mixt together, and fo keep him warm till he be found: But this Cure. o2" I do not fancy. The befthelp is, firft to make him fneez by Fuming him, then let him blood in the Palate of the Mouth, And keep him failing at the leaft twelve hours after: Then pour into his Noftrils Wine, wherein hath been fodden Eufhorbium, and Fratik}ncenfe7 and after feed him, and keep his head warm. CHAP. XXXI.
Of the Frenzy, and Madmfs m a Horfe.
THE madnefs of a Horfe, by the moft antient andbeft approved
Farriers, is divided into four Paflions: The firft is, when fome naughty Blood doth ftrike the Panicle of the Brain but in one part only, it prefently makes the Horfe dt*ll both in mind and fight, and-you fhallfcnow it by this fign, the Horfe will turn round like a Beaft that is troubled with the Sturdy: the Reafon being, Becaufe the outfide of the head is grieved only. The fecond is, when the poyfon of fuch Blood doth infect the middle part of the Brain: Then the Horfe becometh Frantick, leaping againft Walls or any Thing. The third is, when that Blood filleth the veins of the Stomach, and infeð as well the Heart as th» Brain .• then he is faid to be mad. But the fourth and laft is, when that Blood infefteth not only the I jBrain and Heart, but even the Panicles alfo, and then he is faid to be
ftark mad, which you fhallknow by his*biting at every man which i comes near him, by his gnawing of the Manger and the Walls about
him. And laftly, by tearing his own skin in pieces. Now for the Cure, you (hall caufe him to be let blood in all the
lower parts of his body, to draw the blood from his Head -7 as namely, on the Shackle-veins, the Spur-veins, the Plat-veins, and the Thigh-veins, and you ftiall let him blood abundantly, then give him this Drink: Take the root .of wild Cucumber, and where that cannot be gotten, take a handful of Rue or Mints, and a handful of. black Elleborus, and boyl them in ftrong red Wine, and give it lukewarm to the Hurfe in a horn. Some ufe to give Man's Dung with Wine, three Mornings toge-
ther : And alfo to rub his body over with a Friction at leaft twice a day, and not to fail to give him moderate Exerciie. Others
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Lib. I. Of Cures <PhyJical.
Othersufeto pierce the skin of his head, wirhahot Iron, to let
out the ill humours Others as the mod certain of all Medicines, ufe to geld him of
both, or one ftone at the leaft, but I like it not for my own part. The Cure I have ever ufed for this grief, was either to make him
fwaliow down hard Hens Dung, or elfe give him to drink, the Root of Virgtt I- aftoris fkzmpe&'m Water, and for his ordering dtirif?gthe Cure I would have his Stable quiet, but not cbfe,and his Food only warm Mafhes of Malt and Water, yet but a very little at one time, for the thinneft Diet is belt. CHAP. XXXII.
Of the Sleeping Evil or Lethargy in a Horfe.
THE Sleeping Evil, is an infirmity which maketh a Horfe to fieep
continually, depriving him thereby,both of Memory,nppetite, and all Alacrity of Spirit. It is moft incident to White and Dun Horfes, becaufeit proceedeth only from Flegm,cold andgrofs, which moiftneth the Brain too much, caufeth heavinefs andfleep: There needs no other fign more than hisfleeping only. The Cure is, to keep him waking whether he will or no, with great noifes and af- fright -j then let him blood in the Neck, and the Palate of the Mouth, and give him to drink Water luke-warm, wherein hath been boyled Camomil, Motherwort, Wheat-Bran, Salt, and Vinegar .• You fhall alfo perfume his Head, and make him fneez.e, and anoint the Palate of his Mouth with Honey and Muftard mixt together : It (hall not be amifs, if with the ordinary Water which he drinketh, you' mix either Parfley feed, or Fennel feed, for that will provoke Urine: youftiall alfo bathe his Leggs, and flop his Hoofs with Bran, Salt, and Vineger boyled together, and applied as hot as may be, and his Stable would be lightfomeand full of noife. ' CHAP. XKXIII.
Of a Horfe that is taken, or of Shrovo-running.
THofe Horfes are fuppofed by Farriers to be taken, or as fome
call it Planet-ftrook,which are deprived of feeling or moving, not being able to ftir any Member, but remain in the fame Form a* they were at their time of taking. Soaie hold it proceeding of Choler G and
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Of Cures fhyfical. Lib. L
and Flegm, when they are fuperabundantly mixt together, or of
Melancholy Bioed, which being a cold dry humour, doth opprefs and ficken the hinder part of the Brain. Other antient Farriers hold, it cometh of fome extreme cold, or extream heat, orrawdigeftion (taking into the empty Veins fuddenly: or elfe of extreme Hunger, caufed by long fafting. The figns thereof are numbnefs, and want of motion before ipoken of .- A» for the caufe, it is diverfe, for firft youmuftnote, whether it come of cold or heat.* Ifitcomeof Cold, you mall know it by the fluffing and pore in the Head, which is ever joyned with the Difeafe : if of heat, by the hotnefs of his Breath, and dear fetching of his Wind. Now if it proceed from cold, youfhall give him to Drink one ounce of Laferpitinm mixt with Sallet Oyl and Muskadine lukewarm : if it proceed of heat, you ftiall give him one Ounce of Laftrpirium with water and Honey luke-warm .- But if it proceed of Crudity, or any raw digeftion, then you ftiall help him by fafting: and if it proceed of fafting, then you fhall heal him by fee- ding him often with good Meat, as with wholfome Bread and dry Oats; yet but a little at a time, that he may ever eat with a good ftomach. * Now for the Frtnch Farriers, as Monfieur Horace and the reft,
who call this Difeafe Surprius, they hold, it cometh only from cold caufes, following hot accidents, and they ufe for their Cure to let him blood on the Breaft-veins, and then put him into a fweat, either by Exercife, or multiplicity of Cloaths,but many cloaths are better, Be- caufe- the Horle is not capable of Labour: And fbmetimes they will bury him all fave his head in an old Dunghil, till through the heat thereof his Limbs receive fuch feeling, that he begins to ilruggle out of the fame. All which Cures are not much amifs; Yet in mine opinion, this is the beft, eafieft, and lureft way. Firft, to let him blood in the Neck and Breaft, then to anoint all his Eody with Oyl P«trolinm, then give him this Drink. Take of Malmfey three pints, and mix it with a quartern of Sugar, Cinamon and Cloves, and let him drink it luke-warm, then take old rotter* wet litter, andfor want thereof, wet Hay,,'and with Cloaths, Sur- cingles and Cords, fwaddleall his whole Body over with thefameof a good thicknefs, and renew it once in three days till he be whole ; let his Stable be warm, his Exercife moderate, and if he grow co- Hive, let him firft be raked, and after give himeitheraClifter^ora Saprjo/jtary,, according to his ftrength. 'f here is alfo another, kind |
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Lib. I. Of Cures Tbyfical.
of taking, and that is, when a Horfe is Planet-ftruck,or ftrickeq with
Thunder: but it is utterly uncurable, and therefore I will omit to- fpeak further of it. The laft kind of taking is when a Horfe is fhrow- run, that when a Horfe lieth fleeping, there is a certain venomous field-Moule called a Shrow, whofe head is extraordinary long, like a Swines head, and her feet fhorter of the one fide than the other. 1 his Moufe if fhe happen to run over any of the Limbs of the Horfe, prefently the Hori'e lofeth the ufe of that Limb (he ran over, and if fhe fun over his body, he commonly lofeth the ufe of his hinder loins : and thefe accidents having been often found unexpected common Farriers have held the horie to be taken, or Planet-ftrook. As for the Cure thereof, the beft is to fetk out a brier, which groweth at both euds, and take the horfe or beaft that is thus vexed, and draw him under the fame, and it is a prefent remedy. For mine own part, I have heard much, both of the infirmity, and of the Cure, but I have had no experience of it, but only in one young Foal which being fuddenly Lame, was as fuddeuly helped, to my much Cost tentment. fc ■ ■ CHAP. XXXIV.
Of the Staggers. THE Staggers is a dizzy madnefsof the Brain, proceeding from
corrupt blood, or grofs, tough and heavy Humours, which opprefs and make fick the JBrain, and from whence proceedeth a va- porous Spirit, diflblved by a weak heat which troubleth all the whol* head.- It is almoft of all Difeafes the moft common, yet very Mortal and dangerous ; it cometh many times from 1 urfeit of Meat, furfeit of Travel, or from corruption of blood. The figns to know it is Dimnefs of fight, fwoln and watrifh Eyes, a moift Mouth, itaggering and reeling of the horfe, and beating of his head againft the Walls, or thrufling it into his Litter. The Cure is divers: for almoft every Smith hath a feveral Medicine, yet thefe which I (hall rehearfe, are . fhe moft approved. The Antient Farriers, both Italians and French, ufe to let the Horfe blood in the Temple-veins, and then with a knife make an hole an inch long over-thwart his fore-head, underneath his fore top, and railing up the skin with a Cornet, fome two or three inches about, flop the hollownefs with a tent dipt in Turpen- tine and hogs greafe molten together; but feme of our Smiths find- ing this Cure fail, except the Difeafe be very young, ufetoftopthe G ? hpllowoei*
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Of Cures (Phyjicd. Lib. I.
hollownefs with Dock roqts. Others with a Clove or two of Gar-
lick- Others ufe for this Difeafe to take Selladine, and ftamping it toftop it intohis Ears, and fo-tye ap his Ears, or ftitch the tips 6f his Ears together, that he may not fluke the Medicine out. Others ufe to mix Salt and Water together thick, and to put it into his Ears. O- thers ufe to mix GroandfeI and Aqua-vita together, and to put that into his Ears. Others ufe to take Garlicky Rue, and Bay Salt, and beat them grofly, then mix Vinegar with them, and put it into the Horfes Ears, then wet Wool or low in the Medicine, and flop that in his Ears alfo : let the Medicine reft fo four and twenty hours, and if he fcrfake his Meat, wafh his Tongue with Vinegar, and it will recover his Stomach. Others ufe firlt to purfume the horfes head to make him freeze, then to take half a handful of Selladine, and as much Herb-of-Grace, three or four Cloves of Garlick, and a little Bay-Salt, and ftamp them together: then mix therewith two or three fpoonfuls of Vinegar or Verjuice, and thruft it hard into the horfes Ears: then tye up his Ears with a foft inkle ftring, that no Air may eome in, and let this Medicine remain the fpace of a Day and a Night: then let him Blood in the Neck vein, ana give him a com- fortable Drench,of which Drenches you fhall find great plenty, toge- ther with their ufes, in a Chapter following. There be fome Smiths which only take Rue and Selladine, of each a like quantity, and ftamping them with white Salt, thruft it into the Horfes Ear, and it helpeth. Others take an Ounce and an half of the Oyl of bitter Al- monds,two drams of Oxe-gall,and a halfpenny in black Elleborftam- <ped, and five drams of the grains of Caftoreum, Vinegar, and Ver- juyce,feethe them altogether till the Vinegar be confumed,then ftrain them, and put it into the Horfes Ears. All thefe Medicines have been divers times approved to be Angular good, and for mine own part, 1 have"-found great effects in them'.- Yet that which I have found at all times moft excellent, is, if the Difeafe be young and ^arly taken, (that is, before thehorfe be grown into an extremity of Weaknefs) to take only Verjuice and Bay-Salt,and mixing them well together, to ftop it into the horfes Ears.. But if the Difeafe be old, and thehorfe brought to a defperate ftate of Mortality, then you fhali take Affa fcctida, and having diffolved it in Vinegar, warm it up- on a Chafingdifh of Coak, and with round Balls of Tow, fluff it 'hard into the horfes Ears, and fo bind them up for four and twenty hours, after w hich time give him a comfortable drink. Now where- as |
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Lib, I. Of Cures Pkyfical.
as fome Smiths do ufe to ftasnp Aqua-vitae and Garlick together,
and flop that into hh Ears: I for my part, think it too ftrong, ex- cept the horfe be in great lull, and full of flefh, which if he be, doubrlels it may do well enough •, only fdr a general rule you muft obferve, ever to let the horfe blood in the Neck vein, two or three Mornings together, and every time take a great abundance of Blood from him. CHAP. XXXV.
Of the Falling Evil.
rTMHis Falling evil, or as the Italians call it, This Malcaduco, is
J| nothing elfe but that which we call in Men the Falhng-Jicknefs^ in Beafts the Failing evil: for it doth for a certain Seafon, deprive ' , them of all fenfe whatsoever It is a Difeafe not commonly incident to our Englifli Races, but amongft the Italian, $p*mjk7 and French hories, many times found. Now confiderjng that the moft of our beft Englifli Stables are fur-
nifhed even wi-tfrfome horfes of thefe Countries, I think it good to write fomething touching the Difeafe, It proceeds from cold and grofs Flegm, gathered together in the fore part of the Head, be- twixt the Panicle and the Brain, which being by any hot vapour dif- perft over the whole Brain,it doth inftantly caufe this falling. There be others which fuppofe it to be governed by the Moon; and that by a certain couri'e thereof, both hories and other beafts do fall, and as it were die for a fmall time. The fign to know the Difeafe, is, the horfe will fall fuddenly, both through the Refolution of his Members, and the Diftenfion of his Sinews, all,his Body will quake ' and quiver, and they will foam much at their Mouths, yet when you think them paft all hope of Life, they will flill flart up fuddenly and fall to their Meat. Now if you will know whether thefe fits will come often, or but feldom, you mail feel the Griftle betwixt his "Noftrils, and if it be co.Id, he will oft; but if he be warm, he will fall feldom.. The Cure is, you (hall firft let him blood in the Neck- vein, taking good ftore of blood away : then within four or five days after, you fhall let him blood on his Temple-veins, and on his Eye-veins: then anoint ail his Body over with a comfortable Friclion, then bathe his head and Ears with Oyl de Bay, liquid Pitch and Tar mixt together, and of the fame put fome into his Ears : then
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^6 Of Cures Vhyfical. Lib. I.
then make him a Cap or Biggin of Canvafe, quilted with Wooll to
keep his head warm : then give him a purgation or fcouring, of which you fhall find plenty in a Chapter hereafter : you fhall alfo force him to freeze, but if the Difeafe notwithftanding continue ftiil, you fhall then with a hot Iron pierce the skin of his Fore-head in di- vers places, and after anoint it with fweet Butter, for thereby you fhall draw out the grofs humours which do opprefs the Brain, and in any wife during the time that he remaineth in Phyfick, let his Stable be kept exceeding warm, and his Diet thin. CHAP. XXXVI.
Of the Night-mart.
THis Difeafe which we call the Night-mare,is an infirmity which
only troubleth the horie in the Night-feafon, flopping the drawing of his breath, in fuch violent fort, that with the ftruggling and ftriving he will be driven into a grearfweat and faintnefs .• It proceedeth, according to the opinion of antrent Farriers, from a con- tinual Crudity, or raw Digeftion of the ftomach, from whence grofs Vapours afcending up into the head, do not only opprefs the Brain, but all the Senfitive parts alfo. Now for my part, I rather hold it an infirmity of the Stomach and inward Bowels, which being cloyed with much Glut and Fat, doth in the Night-feafon fo hinder the Spirits and Powers from doing their Natural Office, that the Beaft having, as it were3 his breath ftrangled, doth with an unnatural ftruggling in his fleep, put his body into an extream fweat, and with that paffion is brought to much faintnefs; of which I have had much and continual experience not only iu horfes, exceeding fat, and newly taken from the Grafs, but efpecially from fuch horles as are either fatted upon Eddifli Grafs, which in fome Countries is called after- Mathesj or fuch as are taken up fat in the \\ inter-fedbn. The figns to know this Dileale, is, that in the Morning when you come early to your Horfe, youfnall find him all of a great fweat, and his body fomething panting j or perhaps you (halibut only find Him fweat in his flanks, upon his Neck, and at the Roots of his Ears : Either or both are figns of this ficknefs, efpecially if at Night when you litter him, if you find that he is dry of his body, and giveth nooutward(fign of inward ficknels. Now there be fome that will Ob- ject againft me, and fay, that this inrmfiity is not the Night Mare, |
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Lib. I. Of Cures Vhyfical. 47
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but an ordinary Infirmity ingendred by fuperfluity of cold, grois,
and unwholfom Food, got in the Winter-feafon; which Nature, through the help of warm Cloaths, and a warm houfe, expels in this manner, in the night-feafon. To this Objection I anfwer, that if they do difallow this ficknefs to be the Night-mare, that then with- out Contradi&ion, there is no fuch Difeafe as the Night-mare at all, and that it is but only a name without any fubftance or confequence; bu: fon.i'much as this ficknefs is not onty very ufual, but alfo carrieth with it all the Effects and Attributes afcribed unto the Night mare, and that it is as yet a Difeafe unnamed, I do not think I can give k a more proper Te.mthan to call it the Night-mare. The Cure where- of is, every Morning and Evening,boch before and after his water, to give the Horfe fome moderate Exercife, as to make him go at leaft a mile and more for his water ; aad after he is watred, to gallop hirov gently ot>the hand a good fpace; then when he is brought into the houie, and well rubbed, to give him his Provender, ( being Oats ) and to mix therewith a handful, or better of Hempfeed, only in this Cure you muft be careful, that your Exerciie do not inforce him to iweat, nor fhall you have need to ufe it longer, than you find that he fweateth much in the Night feafon. This Exercife and Medicine will not only cure this infirmity, but alio any cold that is newly got- ten whatfoever. CHAP. XXXVIF.
Of the apoplexy, or Talfie. THefe Palfies or Apoplexies which happen unto horfes, are- of'
two forts: the one general, the other particular. The general Palfie is, when a Horfe is deprived of all fenfe, and moving generally over his whole Body, which is foldom or never found out by our Farriers; becaufe the Mortality and fuddennefs of Death which pur- fues the Difeafe, takes from them all Notes and obfervations of the* Infirmity : And indeed, for the general Palfie, there is no Cure,, and therefore there needs no Defcription of fign or Cure. For this particular Palfie, that is when a horfe is deprived but of fome part or member of his body, and moft commonly it is but the Neck only, as both my felf and others have found by daily experience. This Difeafe proceedeth from foulnefs oi food, or from fen-feeding, which hreedeth grofs and tough humours, which joyned with Oudities and-
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4.8 Of Cures fbyfical. Lib. I.
and raw Digeftions, opprefs the Brain violently altogether: it alfo
cometh many times by means of fome Blow or Wound, given up- on the Temples of the Head. The figns to know the Diieafe, are, the gathering together of his Body, going crookedly, and not ftraighc forward, but ieldom and holding his neck awry without Motion ': yet never forfaking his Provender or Meat, but eating it with gree. dinefs and much Havering. The Cure is, to let him blood on his Neck vein, and Temple-vein, on the contrary fide to that way he vvryeth r then anoint al] his Neckover with the C"y! Petrolium, and with wet hay Ropes fwaddle all his Neck over, even from his Breaft to his Ears, but having before fplented his Neck ftraight with fplents .of Wood, made ftrong, fmooth, and flat for the.prjrpofe : then for three Mornings together, give him a pint of old Mutkg&nefttkh two ipoonfuls of this Powder to drink. Take of Opoponax two Oun- ces,of Storax three Ounces,of Gentian three Ounces, of Manna,Suc. cary three Ounces, of Myrrh one fcruple, and of long Pepper two foruples; beat all thefe into fine powder. Now there be fome Farriers, which for this Difeafe ufe to draw
the horfes Neck on the contrary fide with a hot Iron, even from the
Neck to the Shoulder, and on the Temple of his head of that fide
- alfo, a long ftroke, and on the other a little Scar in this manner ►£•,
and from his Reins to his middle back, imall lines in this manner ••
But I that know this ficknefs proceedeth from the Brain and Si-
news, cannot conceive how any help fhould come from burning of the skin, that is drawn up and ftreightned: And therefore I would •with every Farrier to forbear this tormenting, unlefs he apparently fee, that the skin it felf,' through diflike and weaknefs, is ibrunk alfo, and then the Cure is not amifs. CHA P. XXXVIII.
Of the general Cramps or Convuljion of finews.
TEefe general Cramps,or Convulfion of finews,are moft forcible
C oiitraitions, or drawing together of the finews, and mufcles: and they happen fometimes generally into many parts of the Body, fometimes particularly, as but into one Member and no more: When they are generally difperft in horfes, they proceed commonly from fome wound, wherein a finew is half cut and no more, and fo there runne"th
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Lib. I. Of Cures Thy/leal.
runneth a general Contraction over the whole Body by degrees.
When they are particular, as but in one Member, then they proceed either from cold windy caufes, or from the want of blood. For the general contraction which cometh by a wound, you fhall read the Cure thereof in the Book of Chirurgery following, where the finew being cut in two pieces, the contraction ceafeth. For this par- ticular, where but one member is grieved, you fhall kn»w it by thefe figns; 1 he Member will be ftark and ftiff, infomuch that nei- ther the Beaft, nor any man will be able to bow it: The finews will be hard like flicks, and the Horfe being down, is not able to rife du- ring the time of the Contraction, he will alfo halt extremely whilffc the fit is upon him, and prefently go well again, as it were in one moment. The Cure is, to chafe the Member exceedingl y, either with Linfeed Oyl, Sheeps-foot Oyl, or Neats-foot Oyl, and during the time of his Chaffing, to hold up the contrary foot that he may ftand upon the Limb which is moft pained. There is alfo another Cramp or Convulfion of finews, which doth extend into the Neck and reins of the Horfes back, and fo almoft univerfal over the horfes whole Eody.- It proceeds ever, either from f'ome extremexold, as by turning a Horfe fuddenly out of a warm Stable, and warm Cloathes, into the piercing rage of the Cold Winter,or by the lofs of Blood, whereby great windinefs entreth into the Veins, and i'o benummeth the finews : or elfe by two much Phyficking and Dren- ching of a Horfe, whereby the natural heat is much weakned or dried. , The figns of this Convulfion be, his Head and Neck will ftand awry, his Ears upright, and his Eyes hollow, his mouth will be clung up that he cannot eat, and his back will rile up in the midft like the back of a Camel j the Cure hereof is, with great ftore of warm woollen Cloaths, as Blankets and Coverlids, feme folded double about his Body, and fome girded all over from his Head to his Tail, to force him into a fweat; but if the Cloaths will not force him to fweat, then you fhall either fold all his Body over with hot wet Horfe Litter, or elfe bury him all fave the Head in a Dunghil or Mixon ; then when he hath fweat an hour or two, and is mode- rately cooled, you fhall anoint him all over with this Ointment, ( holding hot Barrs cf Iron over him, to make the Ointment fink into his Body .•) take of Hoggs-greale one pound, of Turpentine a quarter of a pound, of Pepper beaten into powder half a dram, of old oyl Olives one pound, boyl all thefe together, and ufe it being H made
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50 Of Cures tPbyficid. Lib. I.
made warm. There be other Farriers which ui'e this Ointment:
Take cf new Wax one Pound,of Turpentine four Ounces;of Oylde Bay as much, Opoponax two Ounces, of Deers iuet, and of Oyl of Styrax of each three Ounces, melt all thefe together, and uie it warm. There be others which ufe, after his fweat, nothing but Oyl of
djfrefsy'vx of Spike, and Oyl de Bay mixt together, and with it anoint his Body over. After this Unftion thus applied, yen fhall take twenty grains of long Pepper beaten into fine Powder, of Cedar two Ounces, of Nitre one Ounce, of Laferptium as much as a Bean., and mingle all thefe together with a Gallon of White wine, and give him a quart thereof to drink every morning for four dayes. Now for his Diet and Order, let his Food be warm Mafnes, and the fineft Hay, his Stable exceeding warm, and his exercife gentle Walking abroad in his Cloaths, once every day about high noon. C H A P. XXXIX.
Of the Cold, or Poz,e in the Head. FTpHE Cold or Poze in a Horfes Hetd is gotten by divers fudden
JL arjd unjfeeri means, according to the 1 emper and ( ouftitinion of the Uorils Rodi, jnfomuch, that the beft keeper whatfoever can- not fbmetimes warrant his Horfe from that infirmity. Now ac- cording as this Cold is old or new, ^reat or final], and according to *he abundance of Humours which abound in the Head, and as thole Humours are of thicknefs or thinnefs, fo is the DHeafe and the danger thereof greater or leffer, ftronger or weaker For you fhall under- ftand, that if the Horfe hath but only a cold that is newly taken, the fignsare, he will have many Knots like Wax Kernels between his Chaules about the Roots of his Tongue 5 his Head will be fomewhat heavy, and from his Noftrils.will run-a certain clear Water; but if about his .Tongue roots be any great Swelling, or Inflammation like a mighty botch or bile, then it is the ftranpk \ but if from his Noftrils. . do iffueany thick:, ftinking, or corrupt matter, then it is the Glanders, of both which we fhall (peak hereafter in their proper places. Now \ for this ordinary Cold, which is ordinarily taken, (the figns whereof, befides his mttpb Coughing, are before declared ) you fhall under- ftand j tfiat ure being very eafie, it is helped iundry ways : Some ci / by purging his head with Pills of Butter and Gar-
lick,
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Lib, I. Of Cures Thy fie at,
Hck, the manner whereof you fhall find in the Chapter of Purgations.
Other Farriers cure it with pr bad with fumes, and cinghim to'i*nee*e, the manner'whe ;of k in the Chapter of Nee-
fng • which done, you (hail give him to driftk! Water wherein hath been lbdden Fenugre'd'^ Wheat-meal, and Annifeeds; and then to trot him up and down -half an hour after. Others ule to give him K^efirig powder, blown Up in:o his Nbftrils; and then this drink : t of AJalmfy, and the whites and ypiksof four or five Eggs, a head of Garlick bruifed i'mall. Pepper and Cynamon,
and Nutmegs, of each a like quantity beaten to,fine powder, and a pretty quantity of fweet p,utter,m-ix them together, and give ic luke- warm with a horn three days together: then keep him falling at Jeaft two hours after. Other3 ufe to let the Bode blood in the vein under his Tail, and to rub ail his Mouthover with a Bunch of Sage bound to a flicks end, and then to mix wkh hi;> Provender the tender crops of black Berries; but I take this Medicine t Horfes, who with the cold Rheume are troubled with pain in their Chaps, and not with fluffing in their head Now albeit none of thefe Medicines are fault-worthy, yet fomc for
mine own parr, I have ever found to be moil Excellent for thefe flight colds, moderate Exercife, both before and after a Hones water ■ in fuch fort as is declared in the Chapter of the Night-Mare,Without any other fuming or drenching except I found the cold to be more than ordinary, and that for want of heed taking it was like tp grow. to fome Ulcer about the Roots of the Tongue. In this cale I would for one time and no7 more, give the Horfe a pint of Sack, and half a pint of Sallet-Oyl made lukewarm, and well brew'd writh good ftore of Sugar-Candy, to drink in the Morning faffing, and then ex- ercife him moderately thereupon, without putting him into jiny fweat.and it hath never foiled to work the effects J. wifhed in ample fort, without hindring meat any time of my Travel or Journey, but if you cannot conveniently come by this Medicine, and you muft not- withftanding Travel your Horfe, then take a fpoonful of F«*t, and folding it in a fine; '.'loath, fix or tye it faft to the Mouth of your Bit, or Snaffel,and fo Travel your Horfe therewith, and it will take his cold clean away. But yet it will a little abate and leffen his fto- mach. -, |
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H 3 CHAP.
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j-2 Of Cures Vbyfical. - Lib. I.
CHAP. XL.
How certainly to take away any Cola", Poz.e, or Ratling in the Head
how -violent foever, without giving any Inward Medicine. & tF your Horfe have taken any extreme Cold, or Poze in his head
J and being matcht either to hunt, or to run for any great Wager' the day is fo near that you dare not give him any inward Drench' without which, none of our Farriers know how to cure any Cold • you fnall then, or at any other time, (for there is no Medicine in the World more Sovereign) take as much fweet Butter as as big Wall- nut, and with the powder of Brimftone finely beaten and fearft y ork them either with your Knife, or a Splatter together, till the Butter be brought to a high cold Colour; then take two clean Goofe feathers the longeft in all the Wing, and firft at the Quills ends, with a Nee- dle, fatten two long Threds: Then with your Salve anoint all the Feathers clean over -7 which be done in the dry powder of Brimftone role them over and over ; then putting the Feathers ends foremoft' open the Horles Noftrils, and thruft them up into his Head.- then take the Threads which are at the Quills ends, and faften them on the top of the Horfes Head ; which done, Ride him abroad for an hour or two, airing him in this manner Morning and Evening, and when you bring him into the Stable, after he hath ftood tied' up a pretty Seaibn, untie the Threds, and draw out the Feathers and wiping them very dry, lay them up till you have next occafion to ufe them. This Cure of all others is moft certain, and taketh away any flopping in the Head how extreme foever. CHAP. XLI.
The Perfection and beft of all Medicines for Pove or Cold.
€? npAke (if you can get it) an Ounce of the fine and pure pafte of
. _L Elfcampane, which hath the firings at the Roots taken from it, or for want thereof, an ounce of the Conferve of Elicampane, and diflbh e it in a pint and a half of Sack, and fb give it the Horfe with a Horn in the [Morning farting, and then ride him half an hour after jt, and let him faft two hours more, then feed him as at ordinary times: and thus do for two or three Mornings together. C H A P.
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Lib. I. Of Cures Thyfical.
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CHAP. XLII.
Of a Horfe that is Hide-bound. THis Difeafe which we call Hide-bound, is, when a Horfes skin
cleaveth fo hard to his Ribbs and Back, that you cannot with your hand pull up or loofen the one from the other. It proceedeth ibmetimes from poverty and ill keeping, fometimes from furfeit of over Riding-, efpeciallyif when he is extreme hot, he be fuffered to ftand long in the Rain or wet-Weather : And laftly, it proceedeth from a corrupt drinefs of the Blood, which wanting his Natural courfe, forceth his skin to fhrink up, and cleave to the Bones, "i he figns, befides the cleaving of his skin, is, leannefs of Eody, gauntnefs of Belly, and the Standing up of the Ridpebone of his Back ; It drieth up the Entrails, torments the Body, and makes his Dung ftink extraordinarily: and if he be not remedied, Manginefs will prefently follow after it. The Cure of it is divers, according to the opinion of divers Workmen.- The moft antient Farriers did uie to let him blood on the Spur veins, of both fides his Belly, lbmewhac toward his flank, which done, they give him this Drink.: Take of white wine, or ftrong Ale a Quart, and add thereunto three Ounces ofiJallet-Oyl, of Cummin one Ounce, of Amifeeds two Ounces, of Licoras two Ounces, beaten all into fine powder, and give it him luke-warm with a horn ; when he hath Drunk, let one chafe his Back, from the Huckle-bone upward, for the fpace of an hour or more; then let him in a warm Stable, with good ftore of Litter; then fold about his Body a thick Blanket, foaked in Water, and wrung-, then over it a dry Blanket, then gird them both fait, and flop the iurfingle about with great Wifps, for the wet Blanket will put him into a great heat, and for want of a wet Blanket, if you fold his Bo- dy in wet hay, it will do the like, and loofen his skin ; this you fhali do the fpace of a Week, during which time he fhall drink no cold Water. T here be other Farriers, which before they lay on the wet Blanket,
will anoint all the Horfes Body over with Wine and Salet Oyl, and furely it is good alfo. There be others which for this Difeafe, uie to let the Horle blood in the Neck, then bathe his fides with warm Water, wherein hath been fodden Bay-Leaves : then.anoint him all over with the Oyl. of Rue or Camomile, holding a hat Iron over
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54- ' °f (:w'es Whfcah Lib. I.
over him to make the Oyl Sink, into his Skin-, then give him this
Drink; Take of Carrets, Rue, Wild Mint, of each an Ounce ami a half, of iVormwcod two Omnes^ dry them, and beat them to Faitdtr,-then give two ipoonfuls thereof in a pint of Malwfy. There be other F#m'er.f,which take Fer-Hgieck, %w mtric^Anmjecds, Bay, Lie or a^ zvACimin, of each a like quantity, dry them, and beat them to pov. der, and give the Borle two fpoonfuls therecf with a quart of Ale or Beer luke-warm : VJi'e this at leaft three Mornings together, and it will not only help the Difeai'e. but if it be formerly ul'ed it will prevent the coming thereof: This drink is alio good for a Cold. Now although every one of thefe Medicines are very good, yet for my own part, I have found this which foiloweth to exceed them all. - ^ Firft, Let him blood in the Neck-vein, then give him this Drink :
Take two handfuls of Celladwe, if it be in the Summer the Leaves and Stalks will ferve, but if it be in Winter, take Leaves, Stalks, Roots and all, chop them f'mall, then take a handful of Worm- wood, and a handful of' Rue, chop themlikewile, put all thefeinto three quarts of ftrong Ale or Beer, and boyl them till it come to a quart; then take it from the fire, and ftrain it till you have left no moifture in the herbs; then diflblve it in three ounces of the beft Treacle, and give it the Horfe luke-warm to drinks then for a Week together, once a day, rub all the Horfes Body over with Oyl and Beer, or Butter and Beer, againft the Hair, and feed him with Warm inafhes of Malt and Water,and for his Provender,let him have Barley fodden till it be ready to break, provided that you keep it not until it lower. CHAP. XLIII.
Of the Glanders.
TOuching this Difeafe which we call the Glanders, My Matters,
the old Farriers and I, are at much difference: for fome of them do hold opinion, that it is an inflammation of the Kernels, which lye on each fide of the Throat, underneath the Roots of the Tongue,nearthefwallowingplace; and theirreafonis,that.becaufe thofe Kirnels are called of the Italians, GlanduU, that thence we borrow this word Glanders; adding moreover, that a hofie which is troubled with this Difeale, hath great Kirnels underneath his Jaws, |
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Lib. I____________Of Cures <Phyftcal. 55
eafie to be felt, paining him fo, that he cannot eat, or fwallow any
thing. Others fay, it is a i welling upon the Jaw Bones, great and hard, which being inflamed, doth putrifie and rot. But byth thefe Opinions I hold in part erroneous.- For although our old Farriers might (according to the Cuftom of our Nation, which ioveth imi- tation of Strangers ) borrow this word Glanders from the Italim ClanduU; yet thefe Inflammations under the Chaps of the Tongue Roots, is that Diieafe which we call the Strangle, and not the Clan, tiers j and whereas they could call the Strangle, the Qmnfe, or Seul- nancy, there is no fuch matter, neither hath an Horie~any i'uch l5if- eafe, except they will call the fives by that name, which is far more ■ fitter for the application. Now for the Glanders, you (hall understand that k Is a Running
Impofthume, engendred either by cold, or by Famine, or by long Thirfl, or by eating corrupt or mufty meat, or by being kept in Unfavoury Places, or is taken by {landing with infeeled rtorfes. it is a gathering together of moift and corrupt Humours, which run- neth at the Nofe; or may be laid to be a flux of Rheum, which if- fueth fometimes at one, lometimes at both the Noftrils ,• the caufe being, the VVidenefs of the paflage, fothat the Cold liberally entring into the Brain,bindeth it and crufheth it in I'uch rnanner,that it maketh the humours there to diftill ; which defending ro the Ipirirual parts, and poffeffing them, in the end fuffocares the Horfe, either by their abundance, or killeth him by corrupting the principal parts • or elfe by congealing there by little and little, over-runneth the natural heat. Now that diftillation, that by cold cometh from the Brain and breedeth this Glanders, is of three forts; The firft is a cold, which ma- keth indigefted Humours to pafs from the Brain, which cometh by u taking off' the Saddle fuddenly when the horfe is hot,or by letting him drink before he be inwardly cooled, or before his Body be dried ; This diftillation commonly isflimy matter that fmells not, and is eafie to be cured ; for it is no inward Ulcer, but only abundance of Humour, the fubftance whereof is grot's and white. The fecond is, a great cold ingendred and congealed, caufing Humours fomething thin and ilimy, of the colour of Marrow, or the White of an Egg: this defcendeth to the Throat, and Jyeth there till it be difcharged through the Nofirils. The third is by long continuance thicker,and i therefore harder to be cured; if the colour thereof be yellow like a < Bean, then is the GLmdtrs moft defperate, and lyeth alio in his Throat.,
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5 6 Of Cures fbyfical ' Lib. I.
Throat .• but if it be a brown or darkjfh yellow, then commonly
a Fever will accompany the Difeafe. To thefe three diftillations, there is commonly added a fourth, which is, when the matter which comes from his Nofe, is Dark^ Thin, and Reddijh, like little fparks of blood, but then it is not faid to be the Glanders, but the Mourn- ing of the Chine, which is a Difeafe, for the moft part held incu- rable. It is therefore moft nece/Tary for every good Farrier, when he fhall takethis Cure in hand, to confider well the matter which iflueth from the Horfes Nofe: For if the humour be clear and tranfparent, fo that it may be feen through, then it is not greatly hurtful, or of much moment. If it be White it is worfe, yet with much eafe cured if it be yellow, feparate him from the found Hories, for he is infectious, yet to be cured : If that Yellow be mixed with blood, it is with much difficulty helped, or if the matter be like unto Saffron, the Horfe is hardly to be laved. He muft alfo confider whether the matter (link, or have loft the fmell; The firft is the fign of an Ulcer,the latter of Death : Alio whether he cougheth with ftraightnefs in his Cheft or no; for that alfo is a fign of an inward Ulcer, and that the Difeafe is paft Cure. Now for the Cure of thefe three Diftillations, which are all that make up a compleat Glanders, you fhall underftand, that when the Glanders is of the firft fort, it is eafily helped by moderate exercife, and warm keeping: but if it be of the fecond fort, you fhall give him warm Mafhes of Malt and Wa- ter and perfume his Head well, and purge it by freezing; and into his Mafhes you fhall put Fennel feed bruifed. Others will take a pint of white-Wine, and a handful of Soot, a quart of Milk, and two heads of Garhck bruifed, brew them together, and give it the -.. Horfe to drink/ Others will take a pottle of Urine, a handful of Bay-Salt, and a good quantity of brown Sugar-candy, boyl it to a quart •, then add Licoras and Annifeeds beaten to fine powder, and give it luke-warm to Drink. Others will take Lard, or Swines Greal« and boyl it in Water: Then take the Fat from the Water, and mingle it with a little Oyl Olive, and a good quantity of Urine, and half as much white Wine, give a quart of this lukewarm to drink. Others ule to give of Ale a quart., of grated bread one ounce and an half, the yolks of two Eggs, of Ginger, Saffron, Cloves, innamon, Nutmegs, Cardamomum, Spikenard, or Lavender, Galingal, and Honey, of each a pretty quantity, mix thefe together, and give it to Drink. Now if the Diftillation be of the third fort, which is the £H worft
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Lib. I. Of Cures <Pby/kal.
worft of the three, you fhall take half a pound of Swines Blood, and
nielt it at the fire, add t.o it a pound of the juice of £eets, with three Ounces of Eiijorbium finely beaten; and when it hath Bbyled a little, take it from the fire, and add another Ounce of Eufmbuwi to it : Keep this Oyntment, and anoint therewith two very long Feathers or little Rods, lapt with linnen about, and fo anoiated,7 put them into his Noftrils, and after rubbing them up and down, tye them to the nofe-band of the Bridle, and walk him abroad .- Do thus three days together, and it will either abfolutely cure him, or at leafl take away the Eye fore. Others ufe to take a quart of Ale, an halfpenny worth of long Fower, a-little Brimftone, -a penny worth of Galin- gal, twopenny worth of Spikenard of Spain, twopenny weight of Saffron brayed, with two Ounces of Butter boyled in the Ale : When it is luke-warm, caft the Horfe, and holding up his head, pour it equally into his Noftrils j then holding his Noftrils dole, till his Eyes ftare, and that hefweat; which done, give him Bayes and Ale to drink j then let him rife, and fet him up warm; feed- ing him with warm Grains and Salt, or with fweet Mafhes ; but the beft is, if the Weather be warm, to let him run abroad at Grafs. Other Farriers uie to diftblve in Vinegar three Drams of Muftard- feed, and as much Euforbium \ then to give him one Dram at his No- ftrils every day before he drink. Others ufe, to take of Myrrh, Iris, Illyrica, feeds of Smallage, Ariflolochia, of each three Ounces, Sal- niter, Brimflone, of each five Ounces, Bayes two Ounces, Saffron one Ounce ; make this into Powder, and when you give it, give part in Pills, made with Pafte and Wine, and part by the Noftnl with ftrong Ale .• do this for the fpace of three days at the leaft. Others uie to take of Malmfey a pint, of ftrong Ale a pint, of Aqua-vita four fpoonfuls, & brew them together,with a pretty quantity of Annifeeds, Licoras, Elicampane Roots, long Pepper, Garlick, and three or four new laid Eggs, and a little Butter; give this luke-warm to Drink ; then walk him abroad, and fet him up warm ; do this every other day for a Week together. Others ufe to take ftale Urine that hath flood three or four days, and ten Qarlick heads, and Teething them together, give it the Horfe to Drink. Others ufe to take Swines greafe weii clarified, and as much Oyl de Bay as a Walnut, and give it the Horfe to drink,x with fair Water luke-warm. But better than.,all l%leit is, to take of Elicampane, Anmfeeds,
and Licoras, of each one penny worth, boyl them in three pints of I AJe
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53 Of Cum nyftcal. Lib. I.
Ate or Beer till one pint be conlbmed, then add unto it a quarter of
a jjttit of Sallet Oyl, and give it him to drink luke-warm,, then with- a quiil blow Euforbmm up into his Noftrils, and within three days after, take of Muftard four fpoonfuls, Vinegar a pint, Butter three Ounces, boyl them together, then add thereunto half an Ounce of Pepper, and give it the Horie luke-warm to drink; ule this Medi- cine a Fortnight. Others ufe to take a handful of pill'd Garlick and boyl it in a quart of Milk till a pint be confumed,thenadcJ thereto two ounces of iweet Butter,and apint of ftrong Ale; ftir them well to- gether ,and give it the Horie falling to drink luke warm, which done, Ride him a little up and down, and ufe this the lpace of nine days. 9^. Thus 1 have plainly fhewed you the Opinion and Practice of all the belt Farriers, both of this Kingdom and of others, and they be all very good and effectual; yet for mine own part, that which I have found ever the belt in my practice, is, if the Dileafe be of the firft or fecond fort, to give the Horfe to drink falling every morning for a fortnight together, a pint of ftrong Ale, and five fpoonfuls of the Oyl of Oats, the making of which Oyl, you^fhall read in a par- ticular Chapter following • but if the Dileafe be of the third fort, which is moft defperate, yeu fhall then take of Tanners oufe a pint, and of new Milk a pint, and of Oyl Olive half a pint, and the quan- tity of a head of Garlick bruifed, and a little Turmerick, mixthefe well together, and give it the Horie to drink: Do this thrice in one fortnight, andit will help if any help be to be had. CHAP. XLIV..
Two moft certain and lately found out Medicines, which will without all
fail cure ary (j landers, though our Farriers hold it imfojjible, *^ T^ your Herles cold be come to the worft Glanders,, which is a con-
tinual running at the Nole, and hath run by the lpace of divers Months, fo that your Farriers can do you no good ; you fhall then take better than twohandfuls of the White Cankerous Mols which grows upon an old Oken pale, and boyl it in two quarts of Milk, till one quart be almoft confumed; then ftrain it, and fqueeze the mols well, which dene, give it the Horie luke-warm to drink : then take the Gcofe-feathers, tirimftone, and Butter, in fuch manner as is let down in the new Additions for the. Cold, or Poze in a Horfes head, be- fore. |
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Lib. I. Of Cures Pbjfical.
fore, and having put them up into his Noftriis, Ride him forth an
hour or two gently, and after he is come home, draw forth the Fea- thers, and keep his Body warm. This Difeafe you mail underftand Cometh not fuddenly, but grows out of long procefs of time; fo like- wife the cure muft not be expeded to be done in a moment, but with much leiiure; therefore you muft continue your Medicine as'your leifure will ferve, either every day, or at leaft thrice a Week, if it be for four or five months together, and be allured in the end it will yeild your cefire Now the fecond certain and well approved Medicine is, to take
Elicampane Root-?, and boyl them in Milk till they be foft, 'that you may bruii'e them to pap .• Then with a horn give them to the Horfe together with the Milk lukewarm, being no more than will make the Roots liquid : then having anointed your Goole-feathers, pur them up into his Noftriis, and ride him forth, as is before fhewed. C H A P. XLV.
Of the Mourning of the Chine.
THe Difeafe which we call the Mourning of the Chine, or asfome
Farriers term it, the moift Malady, is that fourth fort of cor- rupt Diftillation from the Brain, of which we have fpoken in the Chapter before,fhewing from whence it proceeds,and the figns there- of: to wit, that the corrupt matter which iffueth from his Noftriis will be dark, thin, and reddifh, with little ftreaks of Blood in it. It is 1 uppofed by lome Farriers, that this Difeale is a foul Comfump- tion of the Liver, and I do not derogate from that opinion.- For I have found the Liver wafted in thofe Horfes which I have opened upon this Difeafe : And this Confumption proceeds from a Cold, which after grows to a Poze, then to a Glanders, and laftly to this Mourning of the Chine. The Cure whereof, according to the opinion of the eldeft Far-
riers, is, to take clear Water, and that Honey which is called Hy- dromel, a quart, and put thereunto three Ounces of Sallet Oyl, and. pour it into his Noftriis each Morning, the ipace of three days : and if that help not, then give him to drink every day, or once in two days at the leaft, a quart of old Wine, mingled with fome of the fovereign Medicine called Tetrapharmacum, which is to be had almoft I i of
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6o Of Cures Thy peal, Lib. I.
of every ^o; kc^ry.Others ufe to take GarlickMouflich^nd Chervil,
and ftamping them together, thruft it up into the Horfes Noilrils. Others ufe to let the Horfe faft all night, then take a pint and an & half of Milk, three heads of Garlicky pill'd and ilamped, boyl them to the half, and give it the Horfe, fome at the Mouth, and fome at the Nofe, thep Gallop him a quarter of a mile, then reft him • then gallop him half a mile, then refi him again i thus do twice or thrice together, then fet him up warm, and give him no Water till it be high-noon ; then give him a lweet Mafh : Ufe this Cure at leaft three days together. Others ufe to take half a peck of Oats, and boyl them in Running Water till half be coni'umed, then put them into a Bag, and lay them very hot upon the Navel- place of his back, and there let it lye thirty hours, ufing thus to do three or four times at leaft. Others ufe to take Wormxeood, Pcucedamim, and Centory, of each a like quantity: boyl them ha W^iriej then ftrain them, and pour thereof many times inte his No- ftiils, efpecially in that which moft runneth. Others ufe to take -Hare-hound, Licoras, and Annifeeds, beaten to powder; then with I'weet Butter to make Pills thereof, and give them fafting to the Horfe. Others ufe to take Wheat-flower, Annifeeds, and Licoras {tamped in a Mortar, five or fix Cloves of Galrick bruifed ; mix all thefetogether, and make a paft of them; then make it into Pills as big as Wall-nuts, and taking out. the Horfes tongue, caft the Balls down the Horfes throat three or four at a time, then give him two new laid Egg-fhells and all after them. Now after all thefe, the beft and moft approved Medicine is, to
take as much of the middle green bark of an Elder Tree growing on the Water fide, as. will fill a reafonable Veffel, putting thereunto as much running, Water as the" Veffel will '"hold; and let it boyl till half be confumed, and then, fill up the Veffel again with Water, con- tinuing lb to do three feveral times together; and at the laft time when the one half is confumed, take it from the fire, and ftrain it exceedingly through a Linnen-cloath. -, then to that decoction add at leaft a third part, of the. Qyl of Oats, or for want of that, of Oyl Olive, or of Bog^-g'recrle, or i'weet Butter; and being warmed again, take a quart thereof, and give it the Horfe to drink, one horn- ful at his Mouth, and another at his Noftrils, efpecially that which caftethout the matter. And in any cafe, let the Horfe be fafting ■when he taketh this Medicine; for it not only cureth this, but any ficknefs
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Lib. J. Of Cures Tbyfical. . £, r
ficknefs proceeding from any Cold whatfoever. It (hall be alfo good
to ule to his Body fome wholfome Friciion, and to his head lome wholfome Bath, of which Baths you fhall read more hereafter in a Chapter following. For his Diet, his Meat would be fodden Barley, and iweet Hay, and his Drink warm Water, or Malhes: but if it be in the Summer-feafon, then it is beft to let him run at grafs only. CHAP. XLVI.
jimoft Rare And Certain approved Medicine, to Cure any High Run-
ning Glanders, called the Mourning of the Chine, held of all Men incurable. THis Difeafe to my Knowledge, there is not any Smith or Far- <t$
rier in this Kingdom, can tell how to cure ; tor it comes not - to the extremity, till the Horib have run at his Nofe a year or more; and have at the Roots of his Tongue, a hard lump gathered, which will not be diflblved. Now for mine own part, it is well known I have cured many with this Medicine only. Take of Auripigmentum and Tujflaginu beaten into fine powder, of each of them four Drams: then beating them with fine Turpentine, bring them into a pafte, then make of it little Cakes, or Troches, as broad as a groat, and dry them: This done, lay about two or three of them on a Chaffing-difli of Coals, and cover them with a Tunnel, fo-that the fmoak may come out only at the end thereof, and fo without any lofs afcend up into the Hori'es head through his Noftrils; then Ride the Horfe till he begin to fweat'j do this once every Morning before water, till the running be ftopt, which will be in a very fhort fpace, confidering the greatnefs of the Difeafe, C H A P. XLV1I.
Of the Cough..
COughing is a Motion of the Lungs, raifed naturally from his
Expulfive Power, to caft out the hurtful caufe, as Neefmg is the Motion of the Brain. Now of Coughs, there be fome outward and fome inward.- thofe are faid to be outward, which proceed of outwardxaufes, as when a Horfe doth Eat or Drinktoo greedily, lb that his Meat goeth the wrong way, or when he Lickethup a Feather,, or
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62 Of Cures fhyftcal. Lib. I.
or eateth dufty or (harp bearded ftraw, and fuch like, which tick-
05" ling his Throat, caufeth him to cough; thole which are laid to be inward, are either wet or dry, of which we fhall fpeak more here- after. Now of thefe outward Coughs, they may proceed, from the corruption of the Air, which if it do, you fhall give him half an Ounce of Diafente in a pint of Sack, and it will help. It may alio proceed from duft, and then you mull walh it down by pouring into his Noftrils Ale and Oyl mingled together. It may come by eating fharp and fowre things ; and then you muft put down his Throat Pills of fweet Butter, whofe foftnefs will help him. It may proceed from fome little or flight taken Cold, and then you fhall take the whites and yolks of two Eggs, three Ounces of Sallet Oyl, two handful of Bean Flower, one Ounce of Fenugreek, mix them with a pint of old Malmfey, and give it theHorie to drink three days together: or elfe take Tarr and frefh Butter, mix them toge- ther, and give Pills thereof to the Horfe four times in feven days: that is, thefirft, the third, the fifth, and the feventh day. There be others which ufe to take a Gallon of fair water, and make it ready tofeethe -7 then put thereto a peck of ground Mault, with two hand- ful of Box leaves chopt fmall, and a little Groundfel, mix them all together, and give him every morning and evening a pint for a week together. If to the Box leaves you add Oats and Bettony, it is not amifsfo you keep the Horfe warm. Others ufe to give the Horfe'a pint of Swines blood warm. Others ufe to boyl in a Gallon of Wa- ter one pound of Fenugreek, then Itraining it, give the Water Morn- ing and Evening by a pint at a time to drink, then drying his ; Fenugreek, give it the Horfe with his Provender Others ufe for all manner of Coughs, to take a quartern of White Currants, and as 1 much clarified Honey, two Ounces of fweet Marjoram, with old I frefh Greafe, and a head of Garlick; melt that which is to be molten, , and pun that which is to be beaten; mix them together, and give j the Horfe a pint thereof, better than three Mornings together. Others ufe to give the Horfe the gut of a young Pullet dipt in Honey, and being warm; and certainly, there is not any of thefe Medicines, but are ni'oft' Sovereign and well approved. Now whereas fome . Farriers ufe to thruft down the Throat of the Horfe a Wi ow Wand, rolled about with a linnen cloath, and anointed all over - with Honey, (I for my part) do not like it; for it both torments the Horfe more than there is occafion, and doth but only go about to 1 ' , take |
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Lib. I. Of Cures Thy/leal. £
take away that which is gone in the ftruggling, before the Medicine
can be uled, for it is only for a Cough, which cometh by a Feather, or fome luch like matter. CHAP. XUIII.
Of the inward, or wet Cough.
TOuching inward Coughs, which are gotten and engendred by
Colds and Rheumes of long continuance, being not only dan- gerous, but fometimes mortal, you fha!l underftand, that they are divided into two kinds, the one wet, the other dry; the wet cold proceedeth from cold caufes taken after great heat; which heat dif- lblving humours, thofe humours being again congealed, do prefently caufe Obftruclions and flopping of the Lungs. Now the figns to know this Wet Cough, is, the Horfe will ever after his Coughing, caft out either water or matter out of his Noftrils, or champ or chaw with his Teeth the T hick matter which he cafteth out of his Throat, as you fhall eafily perceive, if you heedfully note him; he will alio Cough often without intermiffion, and when he Cougheth, he will not much bow down his head, nor abftain from his meat : and when he drinketh, you fhall fee fome of his Water to iffue out at his Noftrils. The Cure is, firft to keep him exceeding warm ; then forafmuch as it proceedeth from cold caufes, you fhall give him hot drinks, and Spices,as Sack,or ftrong Ale brewed with Cinnamon,Ginger,Cioves, Treacle, long Pepper, and eiiher Swines greafe, Sailer OyI,or lweer Butter; for you fhall know, that all cold Caufes are cured with Medicines that open and warm; and the hot with fuch as cleanfe and cool. Some ufe to take a pretty quantity of Benjamine, and the yolk of an Egg, which being well mrxt together, and put into an Egg-fheil caft all down into the Horfes-throat,and then moderate- ly Ride him up and down for more than a quarter of an hour : And do this three or four Mornings together. Others ufe to keep him Warm, and then to give him this drink. Take of Barley one peck, and boyl it in two or three Gallons of running Water, till the Barley burft, together with bruifed Licoras, Annileeds, and Raifons,. of each a pound; then ftrain it, and to that Liquor put of Honey a pint, and a quartern of Sugar-candy, and keep it clofe in a pot to ferve the Horfe therewith four feveral Mornings,and caft not away the Barley, nor the reft of the (trainings, but make it hot everyday to perfume |
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V
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Of Cures nyfical. Lib. I.
the Horfe withal in a clofe Bag; and if he eat of it, it is fo much the
better; and after this, you fhall give the Horfe fome moderate Ex- ercife j and for his Diet, let him drink no cold Water till his Cough abate, and as it lefTeneth, fo let the Water be the lefs warmed. Now for mine own part, though all thefe Receits be exceeding
good, and very well approved, yet in this cafe, thus have been and ever fhall be my praclice; if I found either by the heavinefs of the Horfes head; or by the ratling of his Noftrils, that the Cough pro- ceeded moft from the flopping of his head,! would only give him four or five mornings together, three or four good round Pills of But- ter and Garlick, (well knodden together) falling, then ride him moderately an hour after -7 but if I found that the ficknefs remain- ed in the Cheft or Breaft of the Horfe, then I would give him twice in four days a pint of Sack, half apintof Sallet Oyl, and twoOunces of Sugar-candy well brewed together, and made luke-warm, and then Ride him half an hour after, and let him up warm, fuffering him to drink no cold Water till his Cough begin to abate and leave him. But for all Wet Coughs, frettiied and broken Lungs, putrifisd
and rotten Lungs, or any fuch moiftDifeafe, fee the new Additions for the Mourning of the Chine, and it is a certain Cure. CHAP. XLIX.
Of the ,Dry Cough.
THis Difeafe which we call the dry Cough, is a grofsand tough
Humour, cleaving hard to the hollow places of the Lungs, which ftoppeth the Wind-pipes, fo that the Horfe can hardly draw his breath. It doth proceed by ill Government, from the Rheume, which diftilleth from the head, falleth down to the Breaft, and there inforceth the Horfe to ftrive to call it out. The efpecial figns to know it, is, by eating hot Meats, as Bread
that is fpiced, Straw dry,Hay, or fuch like, his extremity of Cough- ing will increafe, by eating cold and moift Meats, as Grafs, Sorage, Grains, and fuch like, it will abate and be the lefs: he cougheth lel- dom, yet when he cougheth, he cougheth violently, a long time together, and drily, with a hollow found from his Cheft : he alio boweth his head down to the ground, and forfaketh his meat whilft |
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LibTT Of Cures Tbyfical *' 6^
he Coug'heth, yet never cafteth forth any thing either at his-Mouth
or Noflrils. This Cough is moll dangerous, and not being taken in time is in-
curable : For it will grow to the Purfick or broken-winded altoge- -tkcr. The,cure, accortTiog to the opinion of theantient Farriers, - is, that forafmuch as it ptoceedeth from hot humours,therefore you fhall perfume his head wii h cold Simples, as Camomile, Mellilot, Li- coras, dried red Roles and Camphire boyled in water, and the Fume made to pais up into hi? reouthand Noftrils. Others ufeto take ? dole earthen got, and tapnt therein three
pints of the ftrongeft Vinegar,and four Eggs, Qidls and all, unbroken and four heads of Giitlick dean pilled and bnufed, and 1st the pot being very dole covered ir a warm dunghil or a horfe mixen, and there let it ftand 24 hours, then take it forth and open it, and take out the Eggs which will be as fbft as iJk, ar.d lay them by until you haveftrained the Vinegar and GsrKck through a liunen Qoath : then put to that Liquor a quartern of-Honey, and half a quartern of Sugar-candy, and twoouncesof Licoras, and two ouncesof Anni- feed beaten all into fine powder, and then the horfe having failed all the night early in the morjiing.about feven or eight a Clock,open the Horles month with a drench itaffand a Cord, and firft call down his throat one of the Eggs, and then prefently after it a Horn full of the alcrefaid drirk, being made lake-warm : then caft in another Egg, and another Hornful : and thus do till he hath (wallowed up all the Eggs, or three at the leaft \ then bridle him and cover him warmer than he was before, and fet him up in the Stable,tying him to the bare Rack for the (pace of two hours : then unbridle him, and give him either fomeOats, Hay, or Grafs: yet in any cafe give him no Hay, until it hath been fomewhat fprinkled with water: For there is no greater enemy to a dry cough than dry Hay,dryStraw,or Chaff; then let him have cold water the fpace of nine days. Now if you chance the firft morning tp leave an Egguntsken, youfhall not fail to give it him, and ths remain- der of the drink the Morning following. If you find by this pradtic* that th# Cough weareth not away,you.fhall then purge his head with Pills, of which youfhall read in the Chapter of Purgations : after his Pills received, youfhall let him fait three hours. Handing warm cloathed and littered in the Stable: you fhaU alio now and then give him a warm Mafh, and once a day trot him tncderatdy abroad. • K There
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66 Of Cures fhyfical. - Lib. I.
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There1 be other Farriers which for this dry Cough take only the
Herb called Lyons Foot, Ladies Mantle, Spurge, and Smalla^e, of each a like quantity, feeth them in a quart of old Wine, or a'quart "of running Water till feme part be confurned, and giveit the liorie ' to drink j if inftead of the herbs therofelves, you give the juice of the herbs in Wine, it is good. There be others which take a good quantity «f white €urrants,and as much honey, two ounces of Mar- joram, one ounce of penyrial, with five pound of frefh Greafe,' and cine heads of Garlick, beat that which is to be beaten, and melt the reft j give this in four or five days like pills dipt in honey. Others ufe to take Mytrh, Opoponax, Iris, Ilerica, and Galbanum, of esch two ounces, of red Storax three ounces, of Turpentine four ounces, of Henbane half an ounce, of Opium half an ounce, beat them to fine powder, and give two or three fpoonfuls with a pint of old Wine, or a quart of Ate. i3* Others ufe to take forty grains of Pepper, four or five roots ofrad- diftijfour heads of Garlick, and five ounces of fiveet Butter \ ftamp them all well together, and give every day a ball of it to the horfe for a week together, making him faft two hours after his taking of it •• and furely it is a a^oft excellent approved Medicine for any old over-grown cold, oY Cough. Other Farriers ufe to take of oyl de Bay and fwcet Butter, of each half a pound, Garlick one pound, beat It together unfilled, a rg well beaten with a peftle of Wood, add your oyl and butter onto it : then having made it unto
v Balls, with a little Wheat-fiower,give your horfe every morning for a week and more thr£e or four ; big as Walnuts, keeping him failing after from meat three hours, and from drink till ic be
night, prov' . fti'J his Drink be warm, and his meat, it it poffible may be Grafs or Hay fpri .h water : as for his
Provender, it would be Oats and Fenugreek sprinkled among It.
Now if you perceive-that at a fortnights end, his cough doth no- thing at all abate, yon mail then foivanother week give him again the fame Phyiick and Diet; but tr|ly for ray own part, I have -never feu.id k to fail in any horf et I will wifli all Farriers-nct to be too tufie.wit! inward Medicines* except
they be well allured that the cold hath been long, and that the cough
is dangerous. |
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CHAP-
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Lib, I. Of Cures fbyficaL 67
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CHAP, L.
Two Excellent true and well approved Medicines for any Cold, dry Cough, fiiortnefs of Breath-, purfwefs or Broken-winded, ripHE firft is, take of Tarr three fpoonfuls, offweet Butter as <£i
JL much,beat and work them well together with the fiue powder ofLicoras, Annifceds, and Sugar-candy? till it be brought to a hard paite ', then nicke it in three round Balis, and piit into eadi Ball four or five Cloves of Garlick, and lb give them to the Horfe, arc! warm him with R'ding bothi.before and after he hath received the pills, and be aflured that he be falling when he takes it; and faft at leaffc two hours after he hath taken it. The fecond is, take of the white fat or lard of Bacon,a piece four
fingers long, and almoft two fingers thick both ways; then with your knife making many holes into it, ftop it with as many Qoves of Garlick as you can conveniently get into it,then roiling it in the pow- der ofLicoras, Annifeeds, Sugar-candy and Brimftone, all equally mixt together,give it your horfe falling in a morning at Ieaft twice a week continually, and ride him after it, and be fure that all the #ay he eats be finely fprinkled with water. C H A P. *LI.
Tbebefiof all other Medicines, for a dry'Cough never before mentioned,
nor revealed.
TAkeof theSirnip of Colts-foot two ounces, of the powder of *£•
Elicampane, of Annifeeds,and of Licoras, of each half an ounce, of Sugar-candy divided into two parts, two ounces, then with fweet Butter work the Sirrupand the powders, and one part of the Sugar-candy into a ItifF-pafte, and thereof make Piilsor fmall Balls, and role them in the other part of the Sugar-candy,and fo give it to the^orfe falling, and exercife him gently an hour after it •■ and thus do for divers mornings till you find amendment. |
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S 2 C H ^J?.
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68 Of Cures Thfecal. Lib, I.
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CHAP. UK
Of the Frettized-, Broken, and Rett en Lungs.
GOughs do many times proceed from the corruption and pu-
trefaction of the Lungs, gotten either by fome extream Cold, Running or Leaping,orby over-greedy drinking after great thirft ; Becaufe the Lungs being inclofed in a very thin film, thsy are there- fore themach (boner broken -y and if fuch a breach be made, without inftantcure, they begin to inflame and Apofthume, oppreffingand fiekn'ing the whole Lungs- Now the iigns to know this dtfeafe, is, thehorfes flanks will beat whe» he Cougheth, and the flower they beat, the more old and dangerous is the difeafe : He.willalfo draw his wind fliort, and by a little at once : he will groan much,be fearful* and loath to Cough •, and often turn his head to the place grieved- To conclude, he will never cough but fee will bring up. fpmething which he will champ in his mouth after. The Cure is, give him two or three ounces of Hogs-greafe, and two or three fpoon|u4 of Diapente.brewed in a quart of Barly-water, wherein Currants have been fodden. Other Farriers ufe to take a pound «f Licoras, and being fcr?ped and fliced, to fleepit in a quart of water-four and twenty hours', then to {train it, then to boyl three or four ounces of Currants in it, and fo give it the Horfe to drink and keep him falling three or four hours after. There be other Farriers which ufe to take of Ferugreekand Linked, of each half a pound, of Gum-dragant, ofMaftick, of Myrrh, of Sugar, of fitch- flower, of each one ounce ; let nil thefe be beaten into fine powder, and then infilled one whole night in a good quantity of warm water, and the next day give him a quart of this lukewarm, putting there- to two ounces of the Oyi of Rofes, and thi you muft do many dayes together ; and if chedileaiebe new it.wil.l certainly heal; if it be never fo old it will afluredlyeafe him, but in any cafe let hku drhik no cold Water : And for his food, Grafs is the moft excellent. Others ufe(andit is the belt Care J to take of Malmfey a pint, of
Honey three fpoonfuls, mix them together, then take of Myrrh, of Saffron, of Caffia and Qnnamor,of each a like quantity, beat them to a fine powder, and give two fpoonfuls thereof in the Wine to drink, do this at leaft a fort-ni^ht together, and it is certain it wiUhelp tfaeie Frettized and broken Lung*, but for the putrified and rotten Lunas, we will fpeak more in this next Chapter. CHA P.
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Lib. 1. Of Cures Tbyjical. 6 y
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CHAP. LIU.
Of the Putrefied or Batten Lungs.
THIS difeafe of Rotten and Exulcerate Lungs, you fhall know
bythefe figns : he will Cough oft and vehemently, and ever in his Coughing he will caft little Reddifh lumps out of his Mouth, he will decay much in his fiefh, and yet eat his meat with more gree- dinefs than when lie was found : And when he cougheth, he wiJI cough with more eale and clearrefs, than if his Lungs were but only broken- The cure whereof, according to the practice of our ordi, nary Engliih Farriers, is, to give the horfe divers Mornings together a pint of ftrong Vinegar warm, or elfe asmuch of mans Urine, with half fo much Hogs-greafe brewed warm together. But the more antient Farriers take a good quantity of the juice of ^
Purflain mixt with the oyl of Rofes, adding thereunto a little Tragacanthum, wh.ich hath before been laid to fteep in Goats milk, or for want thereof in Barly, or Oaten Milk ftrain'd from the Corn* and give him a Pint thereof every morning for feven days together. This Mcdicineis but only to ripsn and break the Impofthume, which you fhall know if it hath done, becaufe when the forgis broken, his breath will ftink exceedingly : -Then fhall you give him the other feven days this drink Take the Root called Caftus, two ounces, and of Caflla, or Cinamon, three ounces beaten into fine powder, and a few Kaifins, and give it him to drink,with a pint of Malmfey. Others ale to take of Frankincenfe and Ariflolochia,of each 2 ounces, beaten into finepowder, and give the Horle twoor three fpoonfuls, thereof with a pint of Malmfey. Others take of unburnt Brimftoae two ounces, of Ariftolochia one ounce and a half beaten to powder,, and give it the Horfe with pint of Malmfey, CHAP. LI V.
Of jhortnefs of Breath, or Fnrfimfs+
THis difeafe of fhort Breath or Purfinefs, may come two feveraf
ways, that is, naturally, or accidentally : Naturally, as by theftraightr.efsof his Conduits, which convey his Breath,when they want liberty to carry his breath freely,or being cloyed up with fat, force ftoppings and obftr.ucT;i.onsr in his Wind-pipte, and, threeby. ' make
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<jo Of Cures fhyficd. Lib. I.
make his Lungs labour and work painfully. Accidentally, as by
hafty running after drinking, or upon full ftomach, by which hu- mors are compelled to defcend down into the Throat and Lungs,and there ftoppeth the paflage of the breath. Thefignsof this cii'cafe are continual panting and heaving of his body without: any Coughing, great heat of breath at his Noftrils and a fquc in of his note when he breatheth j befides a coveting to ..Whead
whilft-he fetchethhis wind. The cure, according to the opinion
of fome of pur beft Farriers, is, to give him in his Provender, the Kirnels of Grapes, for they both fat and purge j sod you mult give them plentifully. The warm blood of a fucking Pigg i-excellent good alfo. Other Farriers ufe to tske Venus hair, Ircos,A!h-keys, Licoras, Fenugreek, and Raifms, of each a dram and a half: Pepper, Almonds, Borage, Nettle-feed, Ariftolochia>andCollcquintida, of each two drams, Algaritium one dram and a half* Honey two . poundjdiflblve them with water, wherein Licoras hath been fodden, .. and give him one pint every Morning for three or four Mornings. Others ufe to take Molline or Long-w ort5and make a powder thereof and give two fpoonfuls thereof with a pint of running water, or elfe powder of Gertfjan, in the afore-faid manner, and do it for divers Mornings. ** eg- Others ufe to take of Nutmegs, Cloves, Galingal, grains of Pa-
radife, of each three drams, Carraway-feed, and Fenugreek, a little greater quantity, as much Saffron, and hslf an ounce of Lkoras ; beat them all into fine powder, then put two or three fpoonfuls thereof to a pint of white-wine and the yolks of foitf Eggs., and give it the horfe to drink * then tye his head up high to the Rack for an hour after.- that dpne, either ride him, or Walk him up and down gently, and keep him falling four or five bcurs after st the leaft, the next day turn him to grafs, -and he will do well. Tnere be others which ule to let the Horfe blood in the Neck-vein, and then give him this drink: Take of Wii.e andOyl, of each a pint, of Frankincenfe half an ounce, and of the juice of «are»hound half a pint, mix them well together and 1 to drink. o5* Others ufe to give him only I tmoretp into/ Honey;,
Hoggs Greafe and Butter molten together, and let bira drir4.it
luke-warm. Eggs made foft in Vinegar, as is flieWd in the Chap- ter or the. dry Cough, is Excellent for this Jhortnefs of breath, fo you give the-Eggs increafing, that is,' the firft day one, the fccor.cl day three
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Lib. I. Of Cures Myfical.
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three, and the third five: and withal, to pour a little Oyl and Wine
into his Noftrils is very good alfo. There be other Fafriers which ufe t Snake, and cut ofF.her head and tail, and then take out the guts and entrails, boyl the reft in Water till the bone part
from the flefh: then caft the bone away, and give every Third f this decoction more than a pint, till you have fpent three Snakes and this is excellent good for the dry Cough alfo. ( Now the lalt and beft Medicine for this (hortnefs of breath,* (for <£»
indeed in this Cafe I do not affect much Phyficking) is only to take Annifeeds,' Licoras, and Sugar-candy, all beaten into'very fine pow- der, and take four fpoonfuls thereof, and brew it well with a.pint of White-wine, and half a pint of Sallet-Oyl: and ufe this ever after your horfes travel,, and a day before he is travelled-. t CHAP. LV.
Of the Broken winded, Parfe-fick,Horj'e., THis Difeafe of Broken-winded, I have ever fince I firft began to
know either Horfeor Hor-fe leach-craft, very much difputed with my felf: and for many years did conftantly hold (as I ftill doJ that in truth there is no fuch difeafe; only in this I found by daily experience, that by over-hafty or fudden running of ahorfe (or other) prefently after his water, or by long Handing in the Stable with no excrcife and foul Food, that thereby grofs and thick hu- rs may be drawn down into the horfes body fo abundantly, that i unto the hollow places of his Lungs, and {topping up he Wind may be fo kept in, that it may only have ' not upward* filling the guts, and taking part of hisftrength andLiveli-hood : which it ion of our old inventions, we call broken-winded then I mnft needs cor.fefs, that I have feen many broken winded Hories. The figns of which difeafe are thefe, much and violent beat- ing of his flanks, eipecially drawing up of his belly upward, great opening and railing of his Noftril?, and a continual fwift going to and fro of his Tne!: betides, it is ever accompanied with a dry and hollow cough. The cure, lmuft needs fay in fd great an extre- -, (for it is the worft of all the evils of the Langs, which are before fpokenof) is molt defperate, but; theprefervations and helps i to continue the horfes health and ,his daily fervice3 are very |
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Of Cum-<Phyftcal. Lib. I.
many, as namely, faccording to the opinion of the antient Farriers)
to purge your Horfe by giving him this drink. Take of Maiden- hair, lreos,Afh,Licoras,Fenugreek,Bafnis, of each half an ounce, of Cardanum,Pepper, bitter Almonds, borage, of each two ounces, of Nettle-feed, and cf Ariftolochia, of e2th two ounces, boyl them all together in a fufficient quantity of water, and in char Dec< {'Jon dhTolve half an ounce of Agarick, and two ounces of CoUoqu'nt> Ja, together with two pound of Honey, arid give him a pint andahalf of this at a time, for at kail a week together j and if this Medicine chance at any time to prove too thick, you fhall make it thin with Water, wherein Licoras hath been fodden j and fome Furriers, alfo befides this Medicine, will with a hot Iron draw the Flank j cf the Horfe to reftrain their beating, and flit the horfes Nostrils to give the wind more liberty,but I do not affectcither the one or the other: The beft diet for a horfe in this cale, is Grafs in Summer, and: Hay fprinkled with Water in Winter. There be other Farriers, which for this infirmity hold, that to give the Horfe three or four days to- gether fodden Wheat,arjd now and then a quart of new fweet Wine, or other good Wine, mixt with Licoras Water, is a certain remedy. There be other Farriers, which for this Difeafe take the guts of a Hedge-hog, and hang them in a warm Oven till they be dry,ib that .aman may make powder of them: then give your horfe two or three fpoonfuls thereof with a pint of Wine or ftrong Ale: Then the reft mixt with Anniieeds, Licoras, and fweet Butter, and make round Balls or Pills thereo£,aiid give the Horfe two or three after iris Drink: ard fo let him faft at leaft two hours after. Now when at any time you give him any Provender, be lure to wafh it in Ak, or Beer; then take Cummin, Anniieeds, Licoras, and Century, of each a juft quantity,make them being mixt together into fine powder, and ftrew two fpoonfuls thereof upon the Provender being wet. This Phyfick muft be ufrd for a fortnight at leaft. Others ufe to take of Cloves and Nutmegs three drams, of Galingak and Cardamomum three drams.of Soot, of Bay-ieeds,and Cummin cf each three drams, and make them bto fine powder, andpu: it into white Wine being well tempered with a little Saffron, then put to fo many Yglk' of Eggs, as may countervail theother quantity : then mix them with water wherein Licotas hath been fodden, making it fo thin that the Horfe may drink it, and after he hath drank the quantity of a pint and a half of this drink, tye up his head to the rack, and let him |
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Lib. I. Of Cures Vhyfical.
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73
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fo ftand at lealt an hour after, that the drink may defcend unto his
Guts, then walk him gently abroad that the Medicine may work ; and in any cafe give him no water for the fpace of four and twenty hours after: The next Morning give him fome Grafs to eat, and the branches of Willows or Sallow, which will cool the heac of the Potion. Now there be other Farriers which take of Pances, Long-wort y -§j
Maiden-hair, the crops of Nettles, Cardmu Bemdittn(, herb Fluttin, the roots of Dragonus bruifed, the roots of Elkampane bruifed, of Water-hemp, of Penyryd, of Light-wort, of Angelica, of each of theft a good handful, or fo many of theft as you can conveniently get.- bruifethem, and lay them all night in two or three Gallons of water, and give it a boyl in the Morning, and let the Horfe drink thereof as much luke-warm as he will, then after this Drink, give him a pretty quantity of fodden wheat; ufe this diet for a week or more at the lealt; and then if the Seafon be fit, put him to Grafs. This Cure is of great Reputation, and thought to help when all other fail: for mine own part, I wifh every man to judge it by the practice. There be others, which only for nine or ten days together, will
give their horft water, wherein Licoras hath been iodden,mixt with Wine, and hold it a moft foveraign help. There be others, which will only give new Milk from the Gow :
but I defpair of that Cure, becaufe Milk being only Flegmatick, Flegra is the only fubftance of this Difeafe. Other Farriers ufe to keep the Horfe faffing four.and twenty hours, then take a quart of Ale, a quarter of an ounce of Fenugreek, half a quarter of Bayes, of the green bark of Elder trees, of Sugar-candy, of Water-crefles, of red Mints, of red Fennel,or Haw-tree leaves, and of Primrofe-leaves, / of each half an ounce,the whites of fix Eggs -, beat theft in a Mortar,
and fteth them in the Ale,give it him to drink,then let him faft after it two hours ; Then give him meat and Provender enough,yet but a little drink. Others ufe to give him wet Hay, and moderate Tra- vel •• Then take twenty Eggs, fteep them in Vinegar four and twen- ty hours, giving the Horfe two every morning, and after the Eggs are fpent, a pottle of new Milk from the Cow. Now there be other Farriers, which only will diffolve in Vinegar
fifteen Eggs, and give the horfe the firft day three, the fecond day five, and the third day feven, and hold it a good help. Others will L take
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----------,-------------------!---------------------------------------------—----------------------.--------------------—-------------------------------------------------------------------1
Of Cures fhjfical. Lib. I.
take an ounce of Frankincenfe, two ounces of Brimftone, and mix
it with a pint of Wine, and half a pint of Honey. Others will take Sal Nitre, burnt with the powder of Pitch, and give it with the fame quantity of Wine and Honey. Others will only give Sal Nitre, mingled with his meat, provided always, that in every Cure you keep your horfe from Cold and laborr, and daily chafe his head with Oyl and Wine. But of this, look in the laft new Additions., for the dry Cough, noted thus £r. CHAP. LVI. . •
Of the dry Malady or Con function*
Hr His difeafe of the dry Malady, or as the Antient Farriers term
JL it, a general Confumption, is nothing but a meer Exulceration of the Lungs, proceeding from a cankerous fretting and gnawing Humour ingcndred by cold and Surfeit, which defcending from the head, lickneth and corrodeth the Lungs._ Some of our ignorant Farriers will call it the mourning of the Chine, but they are thus far forth deceived, that the mourning of the Chine doth ever caft fome filthy Matter from the nofe, and the dry Malady never cafteth forth any thing. The ligns to know this dry Malady or Confumption, are theft :
His flefh, and ftrong eftate of body will confurne and wafteaway, the belly will be, gaunt, his back-bone hid, and his skin foftretched cr (hrunk up, that if you ftxike on him with your hand, it will found hollow like a Tabor .• his hair will hardly fried, and either, he will utterly deny his Meat, or the meat heeateth will not digeft, profper or breed any fkfh on his Body; he will offer to cough, but cannot except in a faint manner, as though he had eaten fmall bones j and truly, according to the opinion cf others, folfindby mine own piactice of fifty years, that it is incurable, yet that a horfc may be long preferved to do much fervice, I have found it by thefe helps: Fivft, to purge his head with luch Fumes and Pills, as are good for the Glanders, which you may find in the Chapter of Purgations, then give him Colewarts fmall chopt with his Provender, and now and then the blood of a fucking Pig warm. There be other well experienced Men, that inftead of the blood*
will give either the juyce of Leeks mixt with Oyl and Wine, or elfe Wline and Fankiucenfe, or Sallet Oyl and the juyce of Rue mixt to- gether: |
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Lib. I. Of Cures (VbyJKaU 75
gether ; but in my conceit, the bed Cure, is, to purge his body
clean with comfortable and gentle purges, and then to be fufFered to *£» run at grafs, both for a Winter 3rd a Summer, and there is no que- ftion,but he mull neceflarily end or mend, for fanguifh long he cannot. C H A P. LVII.
Of the Conjumption of the Flejh. <
THis Difeafe which we call the Confumption of the Flefh, is an
unnatural or general diflike, or falling sway' of the-whole body, or, (as we term it,) the wafting of the fkfh,which proceedeth from divers grounds : as namely, from inward Surfeits, either by naughty Food, or ill Diet, or from, unclean, moift and ftinking Lodging, but efpecially from diforderly Labour, as by taking great and fudden Colds after violent heat, or fuch like ; all which pro- cure the walling or falling away of, the flefh. The figns wnevcof are thefe .• firft, an unnatural and canfelefs leannefs, a dry and hard skin cleaving fait to his fides, want of Stomach or Appetite to his Meat, a falling away of his Fillets, and a general Confumption both. , of his Buttocks and fhoulders: The Cure whereof, according to the Antients, is, to take a Sheeps head unflayed, and boyl it in a Gallon and a half of Ale, or running water, untill the flefh be confumed from the bones; then ftrajn it through a cloath, and put xthereto of Sugar half a pound, of Cinnamon one ounce, of Conferve of Rofes, of Barbaries, and of Cherries, of each one ounce •-, mingle. < them together, and give the Horfe every morning a quart thereof luke-warm, till two Sheeps-heads be fpent', and after every time he drinketh, let him be gently walked or ridden up and down accor- ding to his flrfengtb, that is, if the weather be warm, abroad, if it be cold and windy, then in the Stable, or fome clofe houfe, fuf- fering him neither to eat nor drink for two hours after taVMedi- cine i and from cold water you lhall keep him the fpace of fifteen dayes. Now for his ordinary Food or Provender, you fhall repute that belt which he eateth bell, whatfoever it be ^ and that you mail give him by little and little, and not any grols or great quantity at once, becaufe the abundance and glut of Food taketh away both the Appetite and Nutriment which fliould proceed from wholfbme Feeding. |
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76 Of Cures (pbyftcal. Lib. I.
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C H A P. LVIII.
How to make a lean Horfe fat, BElides this general Confumption of a Horfes fleih, which for the:
moft part, or altogether, proceedeth from ficknefs j there is ai- fo another Confumptioa, or want of flefli, which proceedeth from Nefhnefs, Tendernefs, Freenefs of Spirit, and the Climate under which the Horfe is bred : as namely ■-, when a horfe that is bred in a warm Climate comes to live in a cold j or when a horfe that is bred upon a fruitful and rich Soil, comes to live in a Barren and dry place. In any of thefe cafes, the horfe will be. lean without any apparent fign of grief or difeafe, which to recover, there be many Receipts and Medicines, as namely •■> the Ancient Farriers did uie when a horfe either grew lean without ficknefs or wound, or any known difteraperature, to take a quarter of a peck of Beans, and boyl them in two gallons of Water till they fwell or burft, then to mix with them a peck of Wheat Bran, and fo to give it the horfe in manner of a Mafh, or inftead of Provender ; for it will fat;- fuddenly. Others, and efpecially the Italians, will take Coleworts, and having fodden them, mix them with Wheat Bran, and Salt, and give them inftead of Provender. There beothers-which takethe fatty decodion of three Tortoifes being well fodden, (their heads, tails, bones, and feet being rejected ) and giving it the horfe^ fuppTe it fatteth fuddenly •, or if you mix the flefh of the Tortoifefo fodden with your horfes proverber, that is good alio. But as the fimples are 1 talian, and not Ebgtffli, fo I for mine own part, refer the ufe ra- ther to them than to my Countrey-men, There be others whichufe to fat up their horfes, by giving them a certain grain which-we call Bock, in the fame manner as we give Oats or Peafe. There be others, which to fat a horfe will give him only parched Wheat, and a little wine mixed with his water, and amongft his ordinary Pro- vender always fome Wheat Bran j, and be exceeding careful that the horfe be clean dreft, well rubbed, and foft littered \ for with- out.fucb clean keeping, there is no Meat willinjoy, or do goodupon; him ■, and aifo when he is fed, it mult be by little at once,.and not forfeited. There be other Farriers, which to feed up a lean horfe,, will take Sage,5avin,Pay-berries, Earth-Niits,Bears-greafe, to drink with=.a cjyatt of Wine. Others will give the Entrails or. a Barbi lor |
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m
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Lib. I. Of Cures 'Pbyfecal. 77
Tench with white wine; others will give new hot draff, and new
Bran, and twenty hard roafted Eggs, the (hells being pulled off,thea bruik them,and then pilt thereto a pretty quantity of Salt, then mix all together, and give a good quantity thereof to the horfe at Morn, Noon, and at Evening for his Provender; and once a day ( which will be at high Noon) give him a quart or three pints of ftrong Ale, and when the Horfe beginneth to be glutted upon this Meat, then give him dried Oats: if he be glutted upon that then give him Bread,if he leave his Bread,give him Malt, or any Grain that he will eat with a good Appetite, obferving ever to keep the Horfe very warm, and with this Diet in fourteen days the leancft Horfe will be made exceeding fat. There be other Farriers which to make a Horfe fat, will take a quart of Wine, and half an Ounce of Brim-' ftone finely beaten with a raw Egg, and a penny-weight of the powder of Myrrh j mix altogether, and give it the horfe to drink many mornings together. Others will take three-leaved grafs, half green, and half dry, and give it the horfe inftcadof hay, by little at once, and it will fat fuddenly, only it will breed much Rank Blood. Other Farriers ufe to take two penny worth of Peppery and as much Saffron, Annifecdsand Turmerick, a penny worth of long Pepper, two penny-worth of Treacle, a penny-worth of Lico- ras, .a good quantity of Penirial and Arch-Angel: give the horfe thcfe with the yolks of Eggs in Milk to drink. Othere ufe to take Wheat made clean, and fod with Salt and Lard dried in the S.in,ani give it twice a day before each watering. Others ftrong Ale, Myrrh, Sallet-Oyl, and-twenty grains of white Pepper, and inftead of the Ale you may take the Deco&ion, that is, the water wherein Sage and Rue hath been fodden, it will foon m^ke the horfe fat. O- thers take fodden Beans we'll bruifed and fprinkled with Salt,adding to the water four times fo much bcan-fiower, or wheat bran, and give that to the horfe, and it will fat him fuddenly. Wine mixt with the blood of a fucking Pig, made hike- warm, or Wine with the juyce of Feather-few, or an Ounce of Sulphur, and a penny- weight of Myrrh well made into powder, together with a new laid Eg^, will raife up a horfe that tenguiiheth. Barley dried, or barley boy led till it burft, either will fatten a horfe. But the i;eft way of fatting a horfe,(for the moft of the ways before <%&
prefcribed are.net to.breed fat that will continue)ts,firft to give your horfe three mornings together a-pKnt of fweet wine and two fpoon- fttls:
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7 8 Of Cures fhyfical Lib. I.
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full of Diapente brewed together : for that drink will take away all
infection,and ficknefs from the inward parts; then to feed him well with Provender at leaft four times a day, that is, after his water in the morning, after his water at noon, after his water in the Evening, and after his water at 9. of the clock at Night. Now you (hail not let his Provender be all of one fort,but every meal it may be changed as thus; If in the morning you give him Oats, at Noon likewife you fhall give him Bread, at Evening Beans or Peafe mixt with Wheat Bran, at night fodden Barley, &c. and, ever obferve, of what food he eateth belt, of that let him have the greatelt plenty, and there is no queftion but he will in fliort Ipace grow fat, found, and full of Spirit, without either diflike or ficknefs. CHAP. UX.
The Mirror and Mafler of all Medicines, teaching how to make the
leansft and unfoundefi Horfes that may be-, fat, found, and fit either for Market or Travail-, in the fpace of fourteen days. sy TF your Horfe be full of all inward difeafes that may be, and
_£_ brought to that diflike and poverty that you are delperate of his life, you fhall take of Annifeeds, of Cummin-feeds, of Fenugreek, of •Carthamus, of Elicampane, of the flower of brimftone, of brown Sugar-candy, of each of" thefe two ounces beaten and fearft to a very fine powder, then take an ounce of the juyce of Licoras, and diflblve it in 1 alfa pint of White-wine, then take three ounces of the Syrrup of Colts foot, of Sallet-Oyl,and of live Honey, of each half a pint, then mix all this with the former powders* and with as much wheat-flower as will bind and knit them all together, work them into a ftiff pafte,and make thereof balls as big as French Wall-nats, Hulls and all, and fo keep them in a dole Gally-pot, and when you have > occafion to ufe them, take one and anoint it with fweet butter, and ' give it the horfe in tiie manner of a Pill, and Ride him a little after it, then feed and water him as at other times, and thus do (if it be to prevent ficknefs) for three or four mornings together. But if it be to take away infirmity, as Glanders, ^r. thenuieitat
leaft a week or more. But if to take away molten greafe, then inftantly after his heat,
and in his heat. But if it be to fatten a horfe, then ufe it at leaft a fortnight: now
as
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Lib.. I. Of Cures Vhyfical.
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as you give them thus in the manner of a Pill, fo you may give tjhem
diflblved in fweat Wine, Ale, or Beer. Laftly, if it be to fatten a horfe, then you fhall take the fecond ■&
Balls: That is to fay, of wheat-meal fix pound, or is Phyficians write, Qha?num fafficit, of Annifeeds two ounces, of Cummin-feeds fix drams, of Carthamus one dram and a half, of Fenugreek-feeds one ounce two drams, of Brimftone one ounce and a half, of Sailed Oyl one pint two ounces, of honey one pound and a half, of white wine four pints: This muft be made into parte, the hard fimples being pounded into powder,and finely fearfl, and then well kneaded I together,and fo made into Balls as big as a Mans fift, and then every Morning and Evening when you would water your Horfe, difTolve into his cold water one of thefe Balls, by lathering and chafing the fame in the water, and then give it him to drink, The Horfe it may be will be coy at the firfl to drink, but it is no matter, let him fait till he take it: for before two Balls be fpent, he will refufe all waters for this only. This is the Medicine above all Medicines, and is truly the belt fcouring that can be given to any horfe whatfbever: ■ for befides his wonderful Feeding, it cleanfeth the Body from all j bad Humours whatfoever. CHAP. LX.
Of the Breafi-pawy or fain in the Breafl. .
THough moft of our Farriers are hot curious to understand this 5
Difeafe, becaufe it is not fo common as others: yet both my • felf and others find it a difeafe very apt to breed, and to indanger the Horfe with death. The Italians call it Grandezz.a di petto-,and it proceedeth from the fuperfluity of Blood and other grofs humours - which being difTolved by fome extremeand diforderly heat,reforteth downward to the Bresft and paineth the Horfe extremely that he can hardly go. The figns arc, a ftiff daggering, and weak going ; with his fore-legs, and he can very hardly, or not at all, bow down - his head to the ground, either to eat or drink, and will groan much ; when he doth either the one or the other. The Cure is firft to bath 1 all his breaft, and fore-booths with the Oyl of Petec, and if that : do not help him within three or four days, then to let him blood on both his breaft-veins in the ordinary place, and then put in a Rowel I either of Hair, Cork; Horn, or Lea tfter,all of which, and the manner |
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80 Of Cum fbyftcal. Lib. I.
of Rowelling, you ftiafl read in a more particular Chapter hereafter
in the Book of Cbirurgery. «3> Now there be other Farriers,which for this ficknefs, will firfl; give the Horfe an inward Drench, as namely, a pint of fweet Wine, and two fpoonful of Diapente, then bathe all his Breaft and Legs with Wine and Oyl mingled together, and in fome ten or twelve days it will take away the grief. CHAP. LXI.
Of the ficknefs of the Heart called the Anticoy.
THis ficknefs of the Heart,which by the Antient Farriers is called
Anticor, as much as to fay, againft or contrary to the Heart, is a dangerous and mortal ficknefs, proceeding from the great abun- dance of Blood which is bred by too Curious and proud keeping, Where the horfe hath much meat, and little or no labour, as for the mod part your Geldings of Price have, which running all the Sum- mer at Grafs, do nothing but gather their own Food, and fuch like, where the Mafters too much Love and Tendernefs is the means to bring the Horfe to his Death, as we find daily in our practice : for when fuch naughty and corrupt Blood is gathered,it reforteth to the inward parts, and fo fuffocateth his heart- The figns whereof are the horfe will many times have a fmall fwelling rife at the bottom of thebreaft, which fwelling will increafe and rife upward even to the top of the neck of the horfe, and then mofb affuredly it kills the horfe j He will alfo hang his head either down to the Manger, or down to the Ground, forfaking his Food, and groaning with much c5" painfulnefs. This Difeale is of many an ignorant Smith taken fome-
times for the Yellows, and fbmetimes for the Staggers, but you fhall know that iris not by thefe obfervations: Firft, neither about the whites of his Eyes, nor the infides of his Lips fhall you perceive any apparent Yellow s, and fo then it cannot be the Yellows, nor will he have any great fwelling about his Eyes, nor dizzinefs in his head, before be be at the point of Death; and fo confequently it cannot be the Staggers. The Cure whereof is twofold; the firft a prevention, or prefervative before the Difeafe come; the fecond, a Remedy after the Difeafe is apparent. isS" For the prevention, or prefervative, you fhall obferve, that if
your horfe iive idly,either at grafs or in the ftable,and withal grow very
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Lib. L, Of Cures 'Tbyfical.
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19
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very fat, which fatnefs is never uncompanied with corruptnefs,
that then you fai[not to let him blood in the Neck-vein before you turn him to Grafs, or before you put him to feed in the Stable; and likewife let him blood two or three Months after, when you fee he is fed, and at each time of letting blood, you mult make your quan- tity according to the goodnefs of the blood : for if the blood be black and thick, which is a fign of Inflammation and Corruption, you fhall take the more: if it be pure red, and thin, which is a fign of ftrength and heaithfulnefs, you fhall take little or none at all. There be others which ufe for this prevention, to give the horfc a Scouring or purgation of Malmfey, Oyl, and Sugar-candy, the ma- king and ufe .whereof you fhall read in the Chapter of Purgations, and this would be given immediately when you put your horfe to feed, and as foon as you fhall fee his skin full fwoln with fatnefs. Now for the Remedy, when.this difeafe fhall be apparent •, you
(hall let him blood on both his plat-veins, or if the Smiths skill will riot extend fo far, then you fhall let the horfe blood on the Neck- veins and that he bh:cd abundantly, then you fhall give him this Drink. Take a quart of Malmfey, arid put thereunto half a quar- tern of Sugar, and two Ounces of Cinnamon beaten to powder, and being made warm give it the horfe to drink : then kee him very warm in the Stable, fluffing him round about with foft Wifps very clofe, efpecially about the ftomach, left the wind do annoy him : and let his ordinary drink be warm Mafhes of malt and Water, and his Food only that, whatfoever it be, which heeateth with the befi Sto- mach. " » Now if you fee any fwell'mgto appear,whether it be foft or hard,
then befides letting him blood, you mail ftrike thefwelling in divers places with a Fleam or Launcet, that the corruption may iffue fcrth, then anoint it with hogs-greafe made warm : For that will either expel it,or bring it to a head, efpecially if thefwelling be kept ex- ceeding warm. There be other Farriers which for this difeafe ufe to let the horfe blood as is aforefaid, and then to give him a quart of Malmfey, well brewed with three fpoonfuls of the powder called Diapente, and if the Swelling arife, to lay thereunto nothing but Hay well fodden in old Urine, and then keep the fame Diet as is aforefaid- Others uie after the letting of blood, to give the horfe no Drink, but only ten or twelve fpoonfuls of that water which is called Doftor Stephens Water, and is not unknown to any Ape- - M thecary:
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8o Of Cures fhyficai -Lib. I.
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thecary • and then for the reft of the cure to proceed in all things
as is before fpecified, and queftionkfs I have feen ftrange effects of this practice. CHAP, LXII.
Of tyred Horfes.
Since weare thus far proceeded into the inward and vita! parts of
a horfes body, it is notamifs tolpeakfomethingof the Tyring of nodes, and of the Remedies tor the fame, becaufe when a horfe is truly tyred (as by over extream Labour) itis queftionkfs that all his Vital parts are made fick and feebiej. For to tell you in mote plainnefs what tyring is, it is when a horfe by extream and nnceflant Labour,hath all his inward and vital powers which fhoukl accompa- ny aud rejoyce the heart, expelled and driven outward to the out- ward parts, and lefs deferving Members, leaving the heart forlorn and fick, infomuch that a general and coldfaintnefs fpreadeth over the whole body, and weakneth it in fuch fort that it can indure no further Travail1, till thole lively heats, Faculties and Powers be brought unto their natural and true. Places back again, and made to give comfort to the heart whom their lofs fickned- Now for the tyring of Horfes, though in truth proceeding from
nbothercaufe butthisbefore fpoken, yetinas much as inourcom> mon and vulgar fpeech, we fay every horfe that giveth over his La- bour is tyred, you fliall underftand that fuch giving over may pro- ceed from four caufes : the firft from inward ficknefs: the fecond * from fome wound received either of Body or Limbs : the third from dulnefs of Spirit, cowardlineis, or reftinefs •, and the fourth from rnoft extream labour and Travail, which is true tyrednefs in- deed. Nov for the firft, which is inward ficknefs, you fhall look into the general figns of every difeafe, and if you find any of thole figns to be apparent, you (hall ftraight conclude on that difeafe, and taking away the caufe thereof,have no doubt but the effect of his Tyring will v.anlfh with the fame: for the fecond, which is by fome woundrcceived,ss by cutting or difmembririgthe linews,Ligaments, Mufcles,or by (braining or ftooming any bone or joynt, or by prick- ing in Shooing, or ftriking Nail, Iron, Stub or Thorn into the fole of the horfes foot, and fuch like. Sith, the firft is apparent to the Eye, by dif-joyning the skin, the
other
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Lib. I. Of Cures Tbyftcal. 81
_, A----------------------------------------------------------1--------------------------------------------------■----------------------------•-------------------------_______---------------------------------
other by baiting, youfhalltakeafurvey of yourhorfe, and finding
any of them apparent,look what the grief is, repair to the latter part ofthisBook,which treateth of Chirurgery,and rinding it there, ufe the means prefcribcd, and the tyring will eafily be cured. Now for the third, which is dulnefs of Spirit, cowardlinefsor reftinefs, you fhall find them by thefe figns, if he have no apparent fign either of inwardficknefs, or outward grief, neither fweateth much, nor (heweth any great alteration of countenance, yet notwithftanding tyreth, and refufeth reafonable labour, then fuch tyring proceedeth from dulneis of Spirit } but if after indifferent long Travail the horfe tyre,and then the man defcendingfrom his back, the horfe run or trot away,as though he were not tyred:theman then amounting a- gain,the horfe utterly refufes to go forward, fuch tyring proceedeth from cowardlinefs; but if a horfe with one, two, or three miles Riding being temperately ufed, and being neither put to any trial of his ftrength,nor,as it were,fcarcely warmed,ifhe in his beft ftrength refufe labour, and tyre, it proceedeth only from reftinefs and ill conditions. Then for the Cure of any of all thefe proceeding from Dulnefs, fearfulnefs, and unwillingnefs, you fhall take ordinary Window-glafs, and beat it into fine powder. Then take up the skin of each fide the fpur-vein between your finger and your thumb, and with a fine Aull or Bodkin, make divers fmall holes through his skin, then rub glafs powder very hard into thofe holes; whichdone mount his back, and do but offer to touch his fide with your heels, and be fure, if he have Life in him, he will go forward, the greateft fear being that he will ftill but go too fall: but after your journey is- ended, and you alighted, you muft notfail, (becaufe this powder of Glafs wiD corrode and rot his fides,) to anoint both the fore places with the powder of Jet and Turpentine mixt together, for that will draw out theVenom,and heal his fides again. There be others which ufe when a horfe is tyred thus through dull cowardlinefs or reftinefs, to thruft a burning brand or Iron into his Buttocks, or to bring bottles of blazing ftraw about his Ears, there is neither of the cures but is exceeding good. But for the true tyred horfe,which tyreth through a natural faint-
neis, drawn from exceeding labour, the figns to know it, beinglong Travail, much fweat, and willirgnefs of Courfe during his ftrength : the cure thereof,according to the opinion offomc Farriers,is to pour oyl and Vinegar into his noftiilvnd to give him the drink offheeps- M z heads,
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8 a 0} Cum fhyftcal Lib. I.
- heads, mentioned in the Chapter of the Confumption of the flefh,
being the 57 Chapter of this Book, and to bathe his Legs with a com- fortable bath, of which you (hall find choice in the chapter of baths or elfc charge them with this charge : Take of Bole-armony, and of Wheat-flower,of each half a pound,and a little Rofin beaten into fine powder,ar.d a quart of ftrong Vinegar,mingle them well together and cover all his Legs therewith, and if it be in the Summer, turn him to Grafs and he will recover his wearinefs, others ufe to take a flice of frefh Beef,having fteepedit in vinegar,Japit about your bit or fnaffrV and having made it fsft withaThred, ride your hoife therewith and he will hardly tyre:yet after your journey \s ended,be fure to give your horfe reftynuch warmth and good feeding,that is,warm mafhes and ftore of Provender, or elfe he will be the worfe whilft he lives. Now if it be fo that your horfe tire in fuch a place as the necelTity
of yotsr occafions are to be prefer! ed before the value-of your horfe and that you muft feek unnatural means to controul Nature : la this cafe you (hall take (where the powder of Glafs before ipoken of cannot be had) three or four round Pebble flones, and put them into one of his ears,»nd then tye the Ear that the flones fall r.ot out and the noiie of thofe (tones will make the horfe go after he is utter- ly tyred ; but if that fail, youfhall with a Knife make a hole in the flap of the horfes ear, andthruft a long rough flick, full cf nicks through the fame j and ever as the horfe flacks his pace, fo faw and fret the Hick tip and down in the hole, and be fure whilft he hath any life he will not leave going. Many other torments there are which be needlefs to rehearfe,on-
ly this is my moll general advice, if at any time you tire your horfe, to take of old Urine a quart, of Sait-peter three Ounces, boyl them well together, and bathe all the horfes four Legs in the fame, and without queftion it will bring the finews to their natural ftrength and nimblenels and for other defects, warm and good keeping win cure them. And although fome of our Northern Farriers do hold, that Oatea
dough will prevent tyring, yet 1 have not approved it fo, becaufe I could never get any Horfe that would eat it, the dough will fo flick and clam in the horfes mouth. Therefore I hold the Cures already recited to be fully fufficient. But for farther fatisfaction ufe theft, which I relerved for mine own privacy. Cr Take a quart of flrcng Ale, and put thereto half an ounce of the powder
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Lib. I. Of Cures Pbjfical. 83
,
powder of Elicampane, and brew them well together, and give it
thehbrfe with a horn. Take a bunch of Penerial, and tye it to the mouth of your Bitor
Snaffle, and it will preferve a horfe from tyring. Now if all thefe fail, then take off" your horfes Saddle, and rub his back all over very hard with the herb called Arfemart, and lay Arfemart under his fad- die, and fo ride him. • CHAP. LXH.
Of the Difeafes of the Stomach, and firfl of the loathing of Meat.
THIS difeafe of the loathing of Meat, is taken two ways; the
one a fot faking of Meat, as when a Horfes mouth, either through the inflammation of his Stomach, doth break out into Bliiters, or fuch like venomous fores, or when he hath the Lampafs, Gigs, Wolfs-teeth, and fuch like. The Cure of all which, yon ftiall readily find in the fecond part of this Book, which treateth of Chyrurgery : the other diflike of his meat through the intempe- rature of his Stomach, being either too hot, as proceeding either from ranknefs of blood, or extremity of travail, as you may perceive by daily experience, when ahorfe is fet up in his Stable very hot, and meat inftantly given him, it is all things to nothing,but he will loath and refufe it. Hence it comes, that I do ever hate the Noon-tide baiting of Horfes, becaufe mens journeys commonly crave hafte, the . Horfe cannot takefuch a natural coolingas he ought before his meat, and thereby breeds much ficknefs and difeafe: for meat given prefent- ly after Travail when a horfe is hot, is the mother of ail infirmity : or elfeit proceedeth from the intemperature of the Stomach, be- ing too cold, as being caufed by fome natural defect. Now if it proceed from heat only, which you (hall know either by his fudden loathing of his Meat, or the extream heat of his Mouth and breath : Then to cool his Stomach again, you fhall either wafh his Tongue with Vinegar,or give to him drink cold water mingled with Oyl and Vinegar. There be other Farriers which life to give this drink : Take of Milk and Wine, of each one pint, and put thereunto of Mel Rofatum three ounces, and having warned his mouth with Vinegar and Salt, give him the drink luke-warm with a Horn. But if the loathing of his meat proceed from the coldnefs of his ftomacb,which only is known by the Handing up and ftaring of the hair, Then by the .
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84 Of Cures fbyfical " Lib. I.
the opinion of the antient Farriers, you fhall give him Wine and
oyl mixt together divers mornings to drink : but others of our late Farriers give Wine, Oy], Rue, and Sage boyled together by a quart at a time to drink. Others to the former compound will add white «3* Pepper and Myrrh. Others ufe to give the Horfe Onions pilled and cbopt, and Rocket feed boyled and bruifed in Wine. Others ufe to mix Wine with the blood of a Sow-Pig. Now to conclude, for the general forfaking or loathing of meat, proceeding either from hot or cold eaufes in the Stomach, there is nothing better than the green blades of Corn, fefpecially Wheat) being given in a good quantity, and that the time of the year ferve for the gathering there- of. Others inflead thereof, will give the horfe fwcst wine and the feeds of Gith njixt together, orelfe fweet Wine and Garlkk well peel'd and ftampt, being a Jong time brewed together. CHAP, LX1H.
Of the cafting cut of the Horfes drink.
THE antient Farriers,efpecially the Italians,conftantly do affirm,
that a horfe may have fuch a Palfle, proceeding from the cold- nefsofhis Itorrach, that may make him unable to retain and keep his drink, but, that many times he will vomit and call it up again : for mine own part from other caufes,as from cold in the head, where the Rheum bindeth about the Roots and Kernels of the Tongue, hath as it were ftrangled and madeftraight the paflages to thefto- mach : There I have many times feeH a horfe caft his water that he drank, in very abundant fort back again through his Noftrils, and fometimes flrive with great earneltnefs to drink, but could not at all. The figns of both (from which caufefoeverit proceed) is only the calling up of his drink or water, and the cure thereof is only to give him Cardial and warm drinks, asisMalmfey, Cinnamon, An- nileeds5and Cloves, well brewed and mixed together, and to anoint his breaft, and under his fhoulders, with either the Oyl of Cyprefs, Oyl of Spike,, or the Oyl of Pepper, and to purge his head with , fumes or Pills, fuch as will force him tofneeze, 61 which you may feeflorein a chapter following : for fuch Fumigations joy ning with thefe ho$Oyls, will &on diflblve the humours |
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CHAP.
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Lib. I. Of Cures Pbyfical. 85
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CHAP. LXV.
Of Surfeiting with glut cf Provmder.
rnpHERE is not any difeafe more eafily procured, nor more dan-
JL gerous to the life of a horfe, than the Surfeit which is taken by the glut of Provender, it cometh mod commonly by keeping the horfe extreamfharpand hungry, as either by long Travail, or long ftanding empty: and then in the height of greedinefs, giving him fnch fuper-abundance of Meat, that his ftomach wanting ftrength to digeft it, all the whole body is driven into an infinite great pain and extremity. Thefe figns are great weaknefs and feeblenet's in the hor- ies Limbs, fo^that he can hardly'ftand, but lieth down oft, and being down, walloweth end tumbleth up and down as if he had the Bots. The Cure thereof, according to the common pra&ice of our com-
mon Farriers, is, to take half a penny-worth of black Soap, and a quart of new Milk, and as much fweet Butter as Sope, and havingon a Chafing-difh and Coals, mixt them together, give it the-horfe to drink : this will cleanfe the horfes Stomach, and bring it to it's ftrength again. But'he antient Farriers did ufe firfr, to let the horfe blood in the
Neck-vein, (j^caufe every Surfeit breeds diftemperature in the blood) then trot the horfe up and down an hour or more, and if he cannot ftale, draw out his Yard, and warn it with white-Wine raadeluke-vvarm,arid thrift into his Yard cither a Clove of Garlick, or a littleOyl of Camomile, with a peice of fmall Wax-Candle. If he cannotdnng, firft with yoar hand rake his Fundament, and then give him a Clifter, of which you fhall read hereafter: when his Clifter is received, you fhall walk him up and down till he have emptied his belly, then fet him up, and keep him hungry thefpace of two or three days, obferving ever tofprinkle the Hay heeateth ,, with a little water, and let his drink be warm water and bran made mafli wife I After he bath drunk the drink, let him eat the Bran if he pleafe, but from other Provender keep him ftill falling, at.the Ieaft ten days- There be other Farriers,ihat in this cafe,ufe only to take aquart
of Beer or Alet and two penny-worth of Sallet-Oyl, and as much Dragon- water, a penny-worth of Treacle, and make all thefe warm upon
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Lib. i. Of Cum Vbyjical, 86
upon the coals, then put in an ounce of Cinnamon,. Anmfeeds, and
Cloves, all beaten together, and fo give it the Horfe luke-warra to drink. e3v All thefe receipts are exceeding good, yet for mine own part, and ' many of the bell Farriers confirm the fame, I think there is nothing better for thisdifeafe than moderate Exercife,muchFafting,and once in four or five days a pint of fweet Wine, with two fpoonfuls of the powder of Diafente, CHAP. LXVI.
Of Foundring in the body-, being a forfeit got either by Meat, Drin^
or Labour.
THis difeafe of Foundring in the body, is of all Surfeits the moft
vile, moft dangerous,and moft incident to horfes that are daily travailed •, it proceedeth according to the opinion of fome Farriers, from eating of much Provender fuddenly after Labour; The horfe being then, as it were, panting hot, (as we may daily fee unskilful horfe-men do at this day) whereby the meat which the horfeeateth, not being digefted, breedeth evil and grofs humours, which by little and little fpread themfelves through the Members,do at length opprefs and almoft confound the whole Body, abfolutely taking away from him all his ftrength, infomuch that he can neither go nor bow his joynts,nor being laid, is able to rife again : befides it taketh away from him his inftrumental powers, as the office both of Urine and Excrements which cannot be performed but with extream pain- There be other Farriers,and to their opinion I rather lean, that fup- pofe it proceedeth from fuffering the horfe to drink too much in his Travel being very hot, whereby the Greafe being fuddenly cooled it doth clap about, and fuffocate the inward parts with fuch a loath- fome fulnefs, that without fpeedy evacuation, there can be no hope but of Death only. Now whereas fome Farriers do hold, that this Foundring in the body, mould be no other than the Foundring in the Legs, becaufe it is (fay they) a melting and diflblution of evil humours which refort down-ward, they are much deceived •• for it is not, as they hold, a diflblution of humours,but rather a binding together of Corporal and Subftantial evils, which by an unnatural accident doth torment the heart. Now for the hold which they take ©f the name of Foundring, as if it were drawn from the French word Fundi*,
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Lib. I. Of Lures nyftcal. 87
Fundn, fignifying melting, truly I think it was rather the ignorance
of our old Farriers, which knew not how to entitle the difeafe, than any coherence it hath with the name it beareth : for my own part, I am of opinion, that this difeafe which we call foundring in the body, doth not only proceed from the caufesaforefaid, but alfo and moft ofteft by fuddain warning horfes in the Winter-feafon, when they areextream fat and hot with inftant Travail, where the cold Vapor of the Water finking into the body, doth not only aftonifh the inward and vital parts, but alfo freezeth up the skin, andmaketh the,blood to lofe his Office. Now the ilgns to perceive this difeafe are,holding down ofhishead,ftarting up of his hair,coughing, ftag- gering behind, trembling after water, diflike of his meat, leannefs, ftifF going, difability to rife when he is down : and to conclude, which is the chiefeft fign of all other, his belly will be clung up to his back, and his back rifen up like a Camel. The Cure, according to the opinion of the Farriers, is, firll to "ti
rake his fundament, and then to give him a Clifter .• which done, and that the horfesbelly isemptyed, then take of Malmfey a quart, of Sugar half a quartern,of Cinnamon half an ounce, of Licoras and Annifeeds, of each two fpoonfuls beaten into fine powder \ which being put into the Malmfey, warnrthem together at the fire, fo that the Honey may be molten, then give it the horfe hike-warm to drink which done, walk him up and down either in the warm Stable, or fome warm Road thefpaceof an hour, then let him Hand on the Bit falling two hours more, only let him be warm cloathed, ftopt, and littered, and when you give him hay, let it be fprinkled with Water, and let his Provender be very clean lifted from dull, and given by a little at once; and let his drink be warm mafhes of Malt and Water.Now when you fee him recover and get a little ftrength you fhall then let him blood in the Neck-vein, and once a day per- fume him with Frankincenfe to make him fneeze, and ufe to give him exerrife abroad when the weather is warm, and in the houfe when the Weather is ftormy. Now there be other Farriers which ufe for this difeafe, to take a
half-penny-worth of garlick,two penny-worth of the powder of pep- per,two penny-worth of the powder ofGinger,two penny wofthoit grains bruifed, and put all thefe into a pottle of ftrong Ale, and give it the horfe to drink by a quart at a time, dieting and ordering him as aforelaid ■■> And when he getteth ftrength, either let him blood in N the
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88 - " ' Of Cures ,<Pbyfical. Lib. I.
___„____________________________,.,.,-; ..--------.-------------------i-
the Neck-vein, or the Spur-veins, or on both •• to conclude, there
is no Drink nor Diet which is comfortable, -but it is moil Soveraign, good for this infirmity. CHAP. LXVII.
Of the greedy Worm, or hungry Evil in Horfes.
THis hungry Evil is a difeafe more common, than found out by
our Farriers, becaufe the molt of our Horfe-Mafters being of great ignorance, hold it a fpecial vertue to fee a horfe eat eagerly, whereas indeed this overhafty and greedy eating, is more rather an infirmity and ficknefs of the inward parts; andtthisdifeafeisnone other than an infatiate and greedy eating, contrary to Nature and old cuftora, and for the moft part, itfolloweth fome extream great emptinefs or want of natural food, the beaft, being even at the pinch, and ready to be chap-fain. There be fome Farriers which fuppofe that it prbceedeth from fome extream cold outwardly taken by travelling in cold and barren places, as in the froft and Snow, where the outward cold maketh the Stomach cold, whereby all the inward powers are weakned. The figns are only an alteration or change in the horfes feeding, having, loft all temperance, and match- ing aW chopping at his Meat, as if he would devour the Manger :: The cure according to the opinion of fome Farriers, is, firft to com- fort his ftomach by giving him great flices of white-bread toafted at the fire, and fteeped iu Muskadine, or elfe bread untoafted, and ffieeped in Wine,and then to let him drink Wheat flower and Wine brewed together. There be others that ufe to knead ftifF Cakes of Wheat-flower and Wine, and feed the horfe therewith. Othgrs ufe to make him bread of Pine-tree nuts and Wine mingled together, or elfe common Earth and Wine mingled together. But for mine own part,, I hold nothing better than moderately feeding the Horfe many times in the day with wholefome Bean-bread, well baked or Oats well dried and lifted. |
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C H A P.
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Lib.- I. Of Cures Tbyfical. g
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CHAP. LXVIII.
Of the Difeqfe* of the Liver in genera!, and firfi of the Jnfiamniation
thereof.
TiHere is no queftion but the Liver of a horfe is fubjedl to as many
Difeafes, as either the Liver of a man or any other Creature, "ts oniy,throngh the ignorance of our common Farriers, (who make all inward difeafes one ficknefs) the true grounds and caufes not being looked into, the infirmity is let pafs, and many times poyfoned with falie potions •, but true it is, that the Liver fometimes by the intern- - peratenefs thereof, as being either too hot or too cold, too moift, or too dry, or fometimes by means of evil humours, as Chpler, or flegm overflowing in the fame, heat ingendring choler, and cold- !?efs flegm the Liver is fubje&to many fickneffes, and is diverily pained, as by Inflammations, Apoftumation, or Ulcer, or by ob- ftrucT:ions,ftoppings,or hard knobs: orlaftly, by the Confumption. of the whole fubftancethereof. The figns to know if thedifeafe proceed from hot caufes, is leannefiof body, the loathing of Meat, voiding dung of a ftrong fcent, great thirft, and loofnefs of belly. The figns to know if thedifeafe proceed from cold caufes, is good flateofbody, appetite of Meat, dung not ftinking, no thirft, and the belly neither loofe nor coftive. Now to proceed to the particu- lar difeafes of the Liver,and firft of the inflammation^you fhall under- ftaiad that it cometh by means that the blood through the abun- dance, thinnefsvboylingheatv or fharpnefs thereof, or through the violence of fome outward caufes bijeaketh out of the veins, and floweth into the body or fubftance of the Liver ; and fo being dif- pofiefied of his proper Veflels,doth immediately putrifie, and is infla- med corrupting fo much of the flefhy fubftance of the Liver, as is ei- ther touched or imbrued with the fame, whence it cometh, that for the moft part,the hollow fide of theLiver isfirflconfumed,yea,fome- times the full fide alfo : This Inflammation by a natur?l heat is fometimes turned to putrefaftion,and then it is called an Apoftuma- tion: which when either by the ftrength of nature or art, it doth break and run, then it is called an Ulcer or filthy fore. Now the figns of an inflammation on the hollow fide of the Liver, C which is the leaft hurtfulj is loathing of meat,great thirft, loofnefs of belly, and a continual unwillingnefs to lye on the left fide: bntif the N 2 Inflamma-
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90 Of Cures fhyfical. Lib. I.
Inflammation be on the full fide of the Liver, then the figns be fhort
breathing, a dry Cough, much pain, when you handle the horfe about the Wind-pipe, and an unwillingnefs to lie on the right fide. The figns of Apoftumation is great heat,long fetching of breath, and a continual looking to his fide.The figns of Ulceration, is continual co!dnefs,ftarting up ofthe hair,and much feeblenefs and fainting,be- caufe the filthy matter calling evil vapours abroad,doth many times corrupt the heart and occafion death. Now for the Cure of thefe Inflammations,fome Farriers ufe to take a quart of Ale, an Ounce of Myrrh, an ounce of"Ftankincenfe,_and brewing them well toge- ther, give it the horfe divers mornings to drink- Others ufe to take three ounces of the feeds of Smallage, and three ounces of Hyflbp, and as much Southern-wort, and boyl them well in Oyl and • Wine mingled together, and give the horfe to drink ^ keep the Horfe warm,and let him neither drink cold water,not eat dry dufty Hay.. CHAP. LXIX.
Of Obftrnt~li<msr Stoppings, or hard Knobs on the Liver. THefe Obftrudions or Stoppings of a horfes Liver,do come moll:
commonly by Travelling or Labour on a full ftomach,where- by the meat not being perfectly digefted, breedeth grofs and tough humours, which humours by theextremity of Travel, are violently . driven into the £nallveins,through which theLiver ought to receive good Nutriment, and fo by, that means breedeth obftrudions and ftoppings. Now from thefe Obftrudions. (when they have con- tinued any long time J efpecially if the humours be Cholerick, breedeth many times hard knobs on the Liver, which knobs maketh the horfe continually lye on his right fide, and never on the left - becaufeif he fhould lye on the left fide, the weight of the* knob would opprefs the Stomach, and even ficken all the vital parts in him. The figns of thefe Obftrudions or ftoppings, are heavinefs of
Countenance, diftention or fwelling, great dulnefs and Sloath in the horfe when he begirineth his Travail, and a continual looking back to his fhort Ribs, where remaineth his greateft pain and tor- ment. Now the cure thereof, is, to feeth continually in the water which he drinketh, Agrimony-, Fumitory, GamomiU Worm-wood,, Licoras
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Lib. I. Of Cum fbyfical.
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Licoras, Annifeeds, Smallage, Parfley,Spikeiiard,Gentian, Succory,
Endive and Lupins, the vertues whereof are moft comfortable to the Liver. But forafmuch as the molt part of our Englifh Farriers are very fimple Smiths, whofe capacities are unable to dive into thefe leveral diftin&ions, and that this Work (or Mafter-piece) is intended for the weakeft Brain whatfoever : You (hall underftand, that there be certain general figns to know when the Liver of a horfe h grieved with any grief, of what nature or condition foever it be \ and folikewife general Receits to cure all the griefs,without diftin- guilhing or knowing their Natures •• You fhall know then if a horfe have any pain or grief in his Liver by thefe figns. Firft, by a loathing of his Meats, next by the wafting of his flefh, drinefs of his mouth, and roughnefsof his Tongue,and great fwelling thereof,and refufing to lye on the fide grieved r and laftly a continual looking backward; Now the general cure for theficknefs of the Liver, is according
to the opinion of the antient Farriers, to givethehorfe Aloes dif- folved in fweet Wine,forit both purgeth and comforteth the Liver. Others ufe to give him to drink Ireos ftampt and mixt with Wine and Water together,or infteadof Ireos,to give him CalaminT,called of the Latins Poiimonia- Others give Savory with Oyl and Wine mixt together. Others ufe Liver-wort and Agrimony with Wine and Oyl. Others ufe comfortable Fridtions, and to fteep ftis pro- vender in warm water, and to mix with his Provender a little Nitrum, not forgetting to let him ftand warm and lie foft : but that which is generally praifed above ail Medicines, is, to give the horfe a Wolfs Liver beaten to powder, and mixt either with Wine, Water, Oyl, or any other Medicine. Now for a conlufionof this Chapter.If the Farriers skill be fogood <ga
that he can diftinguifh the nature of each feveral infirmity about the Liver •, then I would have him for to underftand, that for In- flammations (which are the firft .beginners of all difeafcsj would be ufed fimples that mollifie and difperfe humours, as by thefe, Lin- feed, Fenugreek, Camomil, Annifeeds," Mellilot, and fuch like j to which mollifying fimples, would be ever added feme fimples that are aftringent or binding,as are thefe,red Rofeleaves,Bramble leaves, Worm-wood, Plantain, Myrrh, Maftick, Storax, and fuch like. Now for Apoftumes, they are to be ripened and voided, and Ulcers muft becleanledandfcoured downward, either by excrement or Urine* and therefore the ufe of fuch fimples as provoke either the one 0©f
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~"~ Of Cures <PbyficaL " Ub. I.
or the other, of which you ihall find plenty in other Chapters) is
molt necefiary. CHAP. LXX.
Of the Cenfumftiofi of the Liver. OF the Confumption of the Liver, I have fpoken fomething in
the Chapter of the Mourning of the Chine : yet becaufe a- rnongft our belt Farriers it is diverfly taken, I will (hew you their divers opinions. Firft, forne hold it cometh only from fjdden cold after heat, taken either by drinking or ftandingftill. Others hold it cometh of any humour, efpecially of cholerick matter, ihed throughout the whole fubftanceofthe Liver, which rotting by lealurable degrees, doth in the end corrupt and confound all the.fub- ftance of the Liver, proceeding, as they think, from corrupt meats apd fweet drinks. And the laft thinketh it cometh by extreame heat gotten in Travail, which inflaming the blood, doth afterward putrefie, corrupt, and exulcerate the whole fubftance of the Liver : becaufe the Liver is fpongious like the Lungs, therefore the cure of this difeafe is held defperate -j yet it bringeth no fpeedy or fudden death^ but a wafting and lingring infirmity : For the Liver being eorrupted,digeftion is taken away,and fo the body for want of good Nutriment, doth in time confume. The figns of this difeafe is a loathing of Meat,and a ftretching forth of the horfes body at length as he ftandeth, he willfeldomor never lye down, his breath will itink marvelloufly, and he will continually call exceeding foul mat- ter, either at one noftril, or both, according as one fide, or both fidesof the Liver is confumed j and on that fide which he cafteth, he will ever have betwixt his neather jaws, about the midft of them, a hard knob or kernel about the bignefs of a Walnut. Now the prefervative of thisdifeafe, (forin truth itis incurable) is, ac- cording to the opinion of fome Farriers,to take half a pint of Malm- fey, and as much of the blood of a young Pig, and to give the horfe luke-warm to drink. Other Farriers ufe to give the horfe noc- ther Food for the fpace of three dayes, then warm wort, and Oats baked in an Oven, being fjre that the horfe be kept falling the firft Night before he receive his Medicine.Others fappofe,that if into the Wort which he drinketh, you do put every Morning two or three ipoonfal of the powder made of Agrimony, red Role leaves, Sac- ^| charum |
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Lib. X Of Cures fbyfical.
charum Rofaceum,Diarrhadon Abbatis,Dif*antelon, Licorasvand of
the Liver of a Wolf, that is more excellent. Others hold that this powder given with Goats milk lukewarm, is very good. Others hold that iMalmfey, and the juyce of Featherfew given to drink is alfo good. Others ufe (and hold it equal with the bell) to take an ounce of
Sulphur Vive beaten into fine powder, and a penny-weight of Myrrh beaten to fine powder, mix them together with a new laid Egg, and give them to drink with half pint of Malmfey y ufe this divers tiones,and keer>the Horfe fafting,yetfeparatehim from other ho.rfes,3 for this difeafeis infe&ious. c h'a p. lxxi.
Of the Dijeafes of the Gall.
AS is the Liver, evenfo the Gall of a Horfe is fubjetT: to divers
and many infirmities, as to Obftru&ion, according to the opinion of old Farriers : from whence fioweth the fulnefs and emptinefs of the bladder, and Stone in the Gall. And thefe ob- flru&ions do chance two feveral ways: Firft, when the pafTage by which choler fhould pafs from the Liver unto the Bladder of the Gall, as unto his proper Receptacle, is flopped, and fo the bladder of the gall remaineth empty : for you are to underfland, that the gall is none other thing than a long, {lender, little greenifh bladder fixed underneath the Liver, which doth receive all the Gholerkfc bitter moiflure, which would otherwife offend not only the Liver, but the whole body alfo. Now if the pafTage of this neceflary Vef- fel be flopped, there cannot chufe bat follow many infirmities,, as either Vomiting, the Lax, the bloody-flux, or the Yellows. Secondly, when the way whereby fuch Choler fhould iffue forth
of the bladder of the gall, down into the guts and Excrements, k clofedup, and fo fuperaboundeth with too much Choler j from whence fpringeth dulnefs»of Spirit, fuffocating, belching, heat, thirft, and difpofttion to rage and fury 5, and truly to any beaffc there is not a more dangerous difeafe, than the overflowing of the Gall : but our latter experience findeth that a horfe hath no Gall at all \ but that filthy and corrupt matter is wafted and "fpent, ei- ther by Sweat, Exercife, or elfe doth turn to infirmity. Thefigns of both thefe kinds of evilsj or obftf notions, are yellownefs of the skin^-, infe&ed:;
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94 Of Cures fbypcal. Lib. I.
<& infected with the yellow Jaundife, and a continual coftivenefs of the
body • and the cures of them are, according to the moft antient Farriers, to give the horfe Milk, and great ftore of Saffron, boyled together, or inftead of Milk, to give Ale, Saffron, and Annifeeds mixt together. But there be other Farriers, with whom I more do agree, which hold, that Selladine roots and leaves choptandbruifed, and boyled in Beer; or for want of Selladine, Rue, or Herb of Grace, and'given the horfe luke-warra to drink, is moft fove- taign. Now for the Stone in the Gall, which is of a blackifh colour, it
comes from t|je Obftruclion of the Conduits of the bladder, where- by theChoIer being too long kept in, becometh dry, and fo conver- teth firft into gravel, and after into a folid and hard Stone, of which both the figns and the cures are thofe laft before rehearfed. CHAP. LXXII.
Of all fuch difeafes as are incident to the Spleen. THE Spleen is a long, narrow, flat, fpungy fubftance, of a pale
flefhy colour, joyning with the Liver and the Gall, it is the -Receptacle of Melancholy and the..dregs of the blood, and is as fubjecl; to infirmity as any inward Member whatfoever, as to Inflam- mations, Obftructions, Knobs and Swellings ; it is through the Sponginefs, apt to fuck in all manner of filth,and to dilate and fpread the fame over the whole body : The appearance thereof is on the left fide under the fhort ribs, where you mail perceive fome fmall Swelling, which fwelling gives much grief to the Midriff, efpeci- ally after a full ftomach, taking away much more of the horfesdi- geftion than his Appetite, and being fuffered to continue, it makes faint the heart, and grows in the end to a hard Knob, or Stony Subftance. This difeafe, or difeafes of the Spleen, are incident to Horfes
moft in the Summer, proceeding from the Surfeit or greedy eating of green Meats. The figns of which difeafes are thefe, heavinefs, dulnefs, pain on the left fide, and hard fwellings, lhort breath, much groaning, and an over hafty-defire to his Meat- The Cure, according to the opinion of our beft Farriers, is, to make the horfe fweat either by labour or Gloaths, then to give him to drink arquart of White-wine, wherein hath been boyled the leaves of Tamarisk bruifed,
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lib. I. Of Cures Thy peal.
brnifed,and a good quantity of Gummiif-feed beaten to powder,and
give it lukewarm. Others ufe, after the horfe hath fweat, to pour into his left Noftril every day the juyce of Myrabolans, mixt with . Wine and Water, to the quantity of a pint. Others take Cummin- feed and honey, of each fix ounces, of Laferpiti im as much as a Bean, of Vinegar a pint, and put all thefe into three quarts of water, and let it ftand fo all night, and give the horfe a quart thereof next Morning, having failed all Night. Others make the horfe to drink of Garlick, Nitrum, Harc-hcund,and Worm-wood fodden in a fharp Wine, and to bath all the Horfes left fide with warm water, and to rub it hard. There be others which ufe to Cauterize or fcarifie the Horfes left-fide with a hot Iron j but it is barbarous and vile, and carrieth no judgment in the practice. CHAP. LXXIII.
Of the Yellows or Jaundice.
AS before I faid, from the Obftru&ions or Over-flowings of the
Gall and Spleen, doth fpring this difeafe which our common Smiths call the Yellows, and our better Farriers the Jaundife: and you fhall underftand, that of this Yellows or Jaundife, there are two kinds, the firft an overflowing of Choler, proceeding from the ficknefs of the Gall, and it is called fimply the Yellows, or yellow Jaundife; becaufe the outward parts of the body, as Eyes,. Skin, Mouth, infide of the Lips, and the like, are dried and coloured Yellow : the other an over-flowing of Melancholy, proceeding from the ficknefs of the Spleen, and is called the black Yellows, or black Jaundife^ becaufe all the outward parts are black. Now both thefe Jaundife, or Yellows, have their beginnings from the evils of the Liver; the Yellow Jaundife, when the Liver by inflammation, hath all his blood converted into Choler, and fo overwhelms the body : and the black Jaundife, when fome obftruftions in the Liver-vein, which goeth to the Spleen, hinder the Spleen from doing his Office, and receiving the dregs of blood from the Liver, or elfe when the Spleen is furcharged wlthfuch dregs of blood, and fo fheddeTh them back again into the Veins. Now although this diltin&ion of the black Jaundife, or black
Yellows,will appear ft range unto our common Farriers, yet it ismoffc certain, that whenfoever a horfe dyeth of the YeIlows,he dieth only O of
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Of Cures fbyfical. Lib. !•
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of the black Yellows .* For when it cometh rintothe cafe of Morta-
lity, then are all the inward powers converted to blacknefs, and the Yellow fubftance is clean mattered : but vvhilft the matter is yel- low, fo/long the Horfes Body is in go«-d ftate o{ recovery.. Befides, theie Yellows do ever follow one the other, .and the leller hath no fooner got preheminence,but the greater purfues him 5 of all the in- ward Difeaies in a horfes body, that is moil; common, oftneft in practice, andyetmoft mortal, if it be not early prevented. The figns of this difeafe of yellow Jaundife, are yellownefs of his Eyes, Noftrils, infide of the Lips, the Skin, the Yard, and the Urine: his Ears and his Flank will fweat, and he will groan when he lyeth down, and he will not only-be faint, but utterly forfake his meat al- fo. The cures which are at this day in practice for this difeafe, are infinite, and a World of them corrupt and poyfonous: Every Smichalmoft making a Medicine of his own invention, God knows weak, and to little purpofe, but for the beft Receipts, which at this day are ufed by any good Farriers w.hatl'oever, Twill deliver you the whole Catalogue. Firft, For the antient Farriers, both Italian snd French*.they did
ufe to take of Thyme and Cummin,of each a like quantity,and (tamp- ing them together, to mingle it with WiaCjHoney, and Water;, snd then to let him blood in the Fafterns. /s But now the Farriers of later days ufe, firft to let the horfe blood
in the Neck-vein, fufFering him to bleed, till you perceive the blood to grow pure, then to give this Drink : Take of white- Wine, or Ale. a quart, and put thereunto Saffron and Turmerick, of each half an ounce, and the juyce that is wrung out of a great hand- ful of Selladine, and being luke-warra give it the horie to drink;, then keep hira warm the fpaceof three or four dayes, giving hirri warm water with a little Bran in it. Others ufe after the Horfe is Jet blood in the Neck-vein, Firft to Rake him, then to give him afuppofitory made of Salt, Honey,and Marjoram, and then give him • to drink half an ounce of Myrrh diffolved in a quart of Wine or Ale. Others ufe to give after blood-letting, only cold Water and Nitrummixt together.; There be others which after blood-letting will-only flop his Ears, with Selladine, and then bind them fall up and let him have no exercife for twelve hours after. Others uie, af- ter the letting him blood,to give him a Clifter, then to take Saffron, aa&Turmerickj and mixing them.with a quart of Milk, giveitbiai:- |
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Lib. L Of turn (phyfical
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to drink luke-warm. Others ufe to let the Ho rfe blood in the third
barr of the Roof of his Mouth, with a fharp knife and after he hath bled well, to take an half penny worth of Englifh Saffron, and a penny worth of Turmerick, and a new laid Egg, with thefhell and all fmall broken, and mix it in a quart of ftale Ale or Beer, and fo fet him up warm. ©thers ufe to take after Blood-letting, of Turmerick,and Saffron*
alike quantity,and two or three Cloves,andfixfpoonfulsof Vinegar and Verjuyce, and to put into each Ear of the Horfe three fpoonfuls thereof, and then ftop his Ears with black Wool, and fotye them up for feven or eight days after. Others take long Pepper, Grains, Turmerick, and Licoras,all beaten into fine powder,then brew them with aquart of ftrong beer or Ale, and give it the Horfe to drink. Others ufe after taking and blood-letting, to take the juyce of Ivy- leaves, and mingling it with Wine, to fquirt it into the horfes no- ftrils •, and to let him drink only cold water mixt with Nitrum,and let his Food be grafs, .or new Hay fprinkled with water. Thus you have feen, 1 dare well affirm, all the beft practices which
are at this day known for this difeafe, and where they all fail, there is no hope of cure, as the (old Farriers affirm) yet let me thus far further inform you, This difeafe of the Yellows, or Jaundife, if the Keeper and Matter be not a great deal the more skilful and careful* will fteal upon you unawares, and (as I have often feen) when you are in the midft of your journey, remote and diftant far from any Town that can give you fuccour,it may be your horfe will fall down under you> and if you fhould let him reft till you fetch him fuccour queftionlefs he will be dead. In this extremity you have no help but to draw out a fharp point-
ed Knife, Dagger, or Rapier for a need, and as near as you can, o- pening the horfes mouth, ftrike him blood about the third Bar of the Roof of his mouth, andfo letting him eat and fwallow his own blood a good while, then raife him up, and be furehewill go as frefh as ever he did: But after you come to a place of reft, then be fure to blood him, and give him half an ounce of the Powder of Diapentein a pint of Muskadine well brewed together, and thus do three or four Mornings together, and let him be faftingbefore, and fait two hours after; and after the potion give him a little mode- rate Exercife, or elle there will a worfe fit come upon him. Now to conclude for the black Jaundife, which of fome Farriers
O 2. i?
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98 Of Cures fhyfical Lib.'I.
is called the dry Yellows, though for mine own part, I hold it to be
incurable, yet there be other Farriers which are of a contrary Hu- mour,and prefcribe this Phyfick for the Cure thereof: Firft, to give theHorfeaQifter madeof Oyl, Water, Milk and Nitrum, after his Fundament is raked, then to pour thedecoftion of Mallows, mingled withfweet Wine in his Ncftrils,. and let his Meat be grafs, or Hay fprinkled with water, and a little Nitre, and his Provender dried Oats: he mull reft from labour, and be often rubbed. Now there be other Farriers, which for this difeafe would only have the horfe drink the decoction of WildColeworts fodden in Wine j the- effects of all which I only refer to experience. CHAP. LXXl\r.
Of the Droffie or Evil Habit of the body. WHereas we have fpoken before of the Confumption of the-
Flefh, which proceedeth from Surfeits, ill Lodging, Labour, Colds, Heats and fuchlike: you mall alfo now underftand, that there is another drinefs or Confumption of the Fiefh, which hath no- apparent caufe or ground, and is called of Farriers a Dropfie,or evil habit of the body,which is moft apparently feen,when the horfe by diflike doth lofe his true natural colour, and when Baynefs turns to dunnefs, blacknefs to duskiflmefs, and whitenefs to Afhinefs, and when he lofeth his Spirit, Strength and Alacrity. Now this cometh not from want of Nutriment, but from the want of good Nutriment, in that the blood is corrupted either with flegm, Cho- ler, or Melancholy, (coming according to the opinion of our belt Farriers) either from the Spleen, or the weaknefsof the Stomach or Liver, caufing naughty digeftion. Others think it cometh from foul feeding, or much idlenefs,
but for mine own part, albeit I have had as much tryal of this di- feafe, as any one man, and that it becometh not me tocontroul men of approved judgment j yet this I dare aver, that I never faw this difeafe of the evil habit, or evil colour of the body, fpring from any other grounds, than either diforderly or Wild riding, or from hunger, or barren woody keeping. Betwixt it and the Dropfie, thereisfmallor no difference. For the Dropfie being divided into three kinds, this is the firft thereof,as namely, an univerfal fwelling of the body, but efpecially the Legs, through the abundance of water
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Lib. I. Of Cures Tbyfical.
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water lying between the skin and the fleflf. The fecond, a fwelling
in the covering or bottom of his belly, as if the horfe were with foal, which isonly a watrifh humour abiding betwixt the skin and the Rim : And the third, a fwelling in the fame place by the like hu- mours abideth betwixt the great bag and theKell. • The common figns of this difeafe, are fhortnefs of breath, fwelling', of the body or legs lofs of thehorles natural colour, no appetite unto Meat and a'continual Thirft -7 his Back, Buttocks and Flanks will be dry, and fhrunk t p to their bones : his Veins will be hid that you cannot fee them,and wherefoever you (had prefsyour finger any thing hard againft his body, there you mall leave the print be- hind you, and the fleih will not arife of good fpace after : When, he lyeth down he will fpread out his Limbs, and not draw them round together, and his hair will (bed with the fmalleft rubbing, There be other Farriers which make but only two Dropfies, that is a wet Dropfie, and a Windy Dropfie, but being examined, they are all one with thofe recited, have all the fame Signs and the fame Cure,which according to the antient Farriers is in this fort: firft, to let hhn be warm covered with many Cloaths,and either by exercife, orotherwife drive him into a Sweat 5 then let his back and body be; rubbed againft the hair, and let his Food be for the moft part Cole- worts,Smallage and Elming Boughs, or whatfoever elfe will keep his body foluble or provoke Urine, when you want this food, let him eat Grafs or Hay fprinkled with water, and fometimes you may • give him a kind of Ptilfe called ciche, fteeped a day and a night in; water, and then taken out and laid fo as the water may drop away. There be other Farriers which only would have the horfe drink, Parfley ftamptand mixt with Wine, or elfe the root of the Herb called Panax ftampt and mixt with Wine. Now whereas fome Farriers advife to flit the belly a handful behind the Navel, That the wind and water may leifurely iffae forth, of mine own know- ledge, I know the Cure to be moft vile ; nor can it be done, but to theutter fpoiling and killing of the horfe,for the horfe is a beaft. and wanting knowledge of his own good, will never bedreft but by violence, and that violence will bring down his Kell, fo as it will cever be recovered. Now forthefe Dropfies in the belly* although I havefhewed you the figns and the Cures, yet they are rare to be- found, and more rare to be cured ; but for the other Dropfie, Which is the fwelling of the legs, and the lofs of the coburof the- |
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.1. OfCures (Pbyfical. loo
hair, it is very ordinary and in hourly practice: the beft cure where*
, of, that ever I found amongft the Farriers is this. ,s3» Take of ftrong Ale a gallon, and let it on fire, and then skurn off the white froth which rifeth, then take a handful of Worm- wood with ftalks, and put them into the Ale, and let them boyl till it become alaioft to a quart:then take it off,and ftrain it exceedingly, then diflblve into it three ounces of the beft Treacle, and put in alio an ounce, and a half of long Pepper and grains beaten to very fine powder: then brew them all together till it be no more but luke-warm, and fo give it the Horfe to drink ; the next day let him blood on the Neck-vein, and anoint his Fore-legs with train Oyl, and fo turn him into good grafs, and fear not his Recovery. C H A P. LXXV.
Of the Difeafes in the Guts of a Hcrfe, andfirft of the Cholkk^ AHorfes Guts are fubjecT: unto many and fundry infirmities ;
as namely, to the WindCholick, fretting of the BelJy, Co- ftivencfs, Lax, Bloody-9ux, and Worms of divers kinds. Now for the Cholick, it is a grievous and tormenting pain in the great Gut or Bag, which becaufe it is very large and fpacious, and full of emp- ty places, it is the more apt to receive divers ofFenfive matters,which do breed divers infirmities,efpecia31y Wind,which finding no ready psflageout, maketh the Body, as it were, fwell, and ofFendeth both • the ftomach and other inward Members. This difeafe doth not fo much appear in the Stable, as abroad in Travail, and thefigns are thefe •• theHorle will often offer to ftale, but cannot j he will ftrike at his belly with his hinder foot, and many times ftamp •, he will forfake his Meat, and towards his Flank you fhall fee his Belly ap- pear more full than ordinary, ar.d he will defire to lie down and wallow. The cure thereof, according to the moft antient Farriers, is, only to give him a Clifter made either of Wild Cucumbers,or elfe of Hens-dung, Nitrum, and ftrong Vinegar, the manner whereof you fhall fee in the Chapter of Clifters, and after the Clifter labour him. Others ufe to give the Horfe the Urine of a; Child to drink, or a
Clifter of Sope and Salt water. Others ufe to give him five drams of Myrrh in good Wine and then gallop him gently thereupon. O- thers ufe to give him Smallage and Parfley with his Provender; and then
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i Ml M
Lib. I. Of Cures fbyficat. iqi
- then to travail him till he fweat. But for my own part, I hold it
belt to take a quart of Malmfey, of Cloves,Peper,Cinnamon, of each half an ounce, of Sugar half a quartern-) and give it the hqrfe luke- warm, and then ride him at leaft an hour after ; but before you -fa Ride him, anoint all' his Flanks with Oyl de Bay, or Oyl of Spike. Now if whilft you ride him he will not dung, you fhall then Rake him and if need be, enforce him to dung, bythrufting into his fun- dament a pill'd Onion -Jagged crofs ways, that the tickling of th'e Juyce may inforce Ordure: And by no means, for 4 or 5 dayes, let him drink no cold water, or eat any Grafs or green Corn, but keep him upon whoJfom dry meat in a warm Stable. 1 G H A P. LXXVI.
Qf the Btlly~Akey or fretting in the Bellyk
BESIDES, the Cholick, there is alio another grievous pain m the
Belly, which Farriers call the Belly-ake,'or Fretting in the bel- ly \ and it proceedeth either from eatingof green Pulfe, when it grows on the ground, or rawundried Peafe, Beans or Oats, or elle when iharp fretting humours, or Inflammations or abundance of grofs matter is gotten between the great Gut and the PannicleT The figns are much wallowing, great groaning, and often ftriking at his Belly, and gnawingupon the Manger. The cure, according, to the opinion of fome Farriers, is, firft to anoint your hand with Sallet-Oyl, Butter or Greafe, and then thrqfting it in at the horfes Fundament, pull out as much dung as you can reach, which is cal- Iedraking a-Horle; then give him a Cliiter of water and Salt mixt together, or inftead thereof, give himaSuppofitoryof Honey and. Salt,and then give him to drink the powder of Centuary and worm- wood brewed with a quart of Malmfey. Others ufe only to give the Horfe a Suppofitory of New-caftle Soap, and for mine own part, i bold it only the beft. G H A P. LXXVIF.
Of the Cofiiuenefit or Bell^bound.
JflOftivenefs, or BelJy»bound, is, when a Horle is fo bound in his
\jt Belly that he cannot Dung, it is a difeafe of all other moft incident;
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Of Cuhs Phyfical. Lib. I.
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incident to Running horfes, which are kept in a dry and hot Diet.
Now my Mafters, the great Farriers, affirm, that it proceedeth from Glut of Provender or over-much Feeding,-and Reft \ or from wind, frofs humours, or, cold,caufingObftrucrfcions, and ftoppingsin the
Juts; but I fuppole (and imagine that all thebeft keepers of hunt- ing or running horfes will confent with me) that it rather pro- ceeds from much falling, whereby the Gut wanting frefh fubftance to fill it, doth out of its own great heat, bake and dry up the little which it containeth: For it is a certain Rule, that nothing can over- flow before it be full. Or elfe it may proceed from eating too much dry and hot food, which fucking up the flegm and moifture of the body, leaves not fufficient whereby it may be digefled ; however itis a dangerous infirmity, and is the beginning of many other evil?. The figns are only abftinence from the office of Nature, (I mean Dunging) which is moft ufual in all Beafts. The Cure whereof, according to the opinion of the antienteft Farriers, is, to take the water wherein Mallows have been long boiled, to the quantity of a quart, and put thereto half a pint of Oyl, ox inftead thereof, half a pint of Butter very fwect, and one ounce of Benedidle Laxatu, and pour that into his Fundament Clifterwife : then with a ftring fallen liis Tail hard to his Tuel, and then trot the horfe up and down a pretty while, that the Medicine may work fo much the better ; then let his Tail loofe, and fuffer him to void all that is in his belly; then bring him into the Stable,and having flood a while, give him a little well-clarified honey to drink j then cover him and keep him warm, and let his drink for three or four days be nothing but fweet warm Mafhes of Malt and Water. Other Farriers ufe to take elven leaves of Laurel,and ftamping them in a Mortar, give it the horfe to drink with one quart of good ftrong Ale. Others ufe to take an ounce of brimftone finely beaten to pow-
der and mixing it with Sugar, to give it the horfe in Mafhato drink- Nowformineown part, I could wifh yon, if the Difeafe be not very ext'reamly violent, only but to rake the horfes Funda- ment, and then to gallop him in his cloaths till he fweat, and then give him a handful or two of clean Rye, and a little brimftone mixt with it: for brimftone being given with Provender at any time willfcour5 but if the difeafe be raging and violent, take a quart- ter of a pound of white Soap, a handful of Spurge, and a handful of Hemp-feed, bray them very well together, and give it the horfe to drink
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Lib. I. Of Cures fhyficat.
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IO?
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drink with a quart of Ale iuke-warm, then let him fait, and Ex-
ercife him more than half an hour after; and be fure to keep him very warm, and let his drink be only warm mafhes. A World of other Scouring Receipts there be: but you fliall find them more at large in the Chapter of Purgations}Clifters,and Suppofitories. CHAP. LXXVIII.
Of the Lax or too much [coming of Horjes. *TT HE Lax, or open flux of a Horfes body, is a dangerous difeafe
1 and quickly hringeth a horfe to great weakness and faintnefs j It proceedeth fometimes from the abundance of Cholerick humours, delcending from the Liver or Gall down into the Guts: Sometimes by drinking over-much cold water immediately after his Provender, fometimes by fudden Travelling upon a full ftomach before his Meat be digefted •, fometimes by hafty running or Galloping prefently after Water; and fometimes &y licking up a Feather? or eating Hens-dung: there is no difeafe that taketh more fore upon a Horfe in a Ihort time than this, and yet, fith nature her feif in this difeafe feemeth to be a Phyfician to the Horfes body, 1 would not wifli any Farrier to go about too fuddenly to Hop it; but if you find that by the continuance, Nature both iofeth her own ftrength, and the Horfe the good eftate of his body, then you fliall feek re- medy j and the Cure thereof, according to the opinion of ancient Farriers, is this: Take of Bean-flower, and Bole-Armonick,of each a quartern, mix them together in a quart of red Wine, and give it the horfe luke-warm to drink, and let him be kept very warm, and have much reft: alfo let the water that he drinketh be luke-warm,and mixt with Bean-flower; yet by no means let him drink above once in four and twenty hours,and then not to his full fatisfa&ion. Others take a pint of red Wine,the powder of one Nutmeg,half an ounce of Cinamon, and as much of the rind of Pomegranate,and mixing them together,give it the horfe lukewarm to drink,& let him not drink any other drink,except it be once in four and twenty hours,half a horfes draught of warm water mixt with bean-flower. Others take a half penny-worth of Allom beaten into fine powder, and Bole-Armony beaten final!, and a quart of good Milk,mingle them together till the Milk be all on a curd,& then give it the horfe to drink, obferving the Dyet before rehearfed : But if this difeafe fliall happen to a fucking P Foal,
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104. ■ ' Of Cures fhyjkal. Lib. I.
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Fcal,as commonly it wilUandl my felf have feen many that for want
of experience have perifhed thereby, you (hall then only give it a pintofftrong Verges to drink, and it is a prefent Remedy. For the Foal only feeding upon Milk, and that milk avoiding in as liquid form as it was received, The Verges will curdle it, and E> 'make it void in a grofler and more tougher fubflance. - *
CHAP, iLXXIX.
Of the Biaody-fiux' in Horfes. IT is not to be doubted, but that a horfe may have the Bloody-
flux, for in my Experience I have feen it,befides the confirmation of all my Matters the old Farriers. Now of the Bloody-flux they make divers kinds, for fometimes the fat of the flimy filth which is avoided, is fprinkled with a little blood j fometimes the Excrements is watrifh blood, like the water wherein bloody flefh hath been wafhed > fometimes blood mixed with Melancholy, and fome- times pure blood : but all thefe proceeding from one head, which Is the Exulceration of the Gut, they may all very well be helped by the cure. Yet that you may know whether the Exulceration be in the inward finall Gut, or in the outward great Gut, you fhall cb- ferve if the matter and blood be perfectly mixt together, then it is the,inner fmall Gutss; but if they be not mixed, but come outfeve- rally, the blood molt commonly following the matter, then it is in the thick outward Guts. Now this bloody flux Cometh moft commonly of fome (harp humours, ingendering either by a naughty raw food, or unreafonable Travel, which humours beingviolently. driven, and having palled through many crooked and narrow ways, do cleave to the Guts, and with their heat and fharpnefs fret them and eaufe Exulcerations and grievous pains. Sometimes this Bloody-flux may come from extream cold, extream heat, or extream BJoiitnefs,or through the Violence of fome extream fcouring former- ly given,wherein fome poifonous fimpleas Sipmony,Stibitim,or fuch like, may be applied in too a great quantity, or it may come from the weaknefs of the Liver, or other members, which ferve fordige- ilion^ The fign of this Difeafe, is only the avoiding blood with his Excrements, or blood inftead of Excrements ••■ And the cure, ac- cording to the opinion of the antient Farriers, is to take Saffron one- wace, ©X Myrrh two ounces? of Southern-wood three ounces, of Parflef
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Lib. I. Of Cures JPbyfaal. 105
Parfley one ounce, of Rue three ounces, of Spittle wort, and
Hyflbpof each two ounces, of Caflia, which is like Cinnamon, one ounce, let all thefe be beaten into fine powder and mingled with Chalk and ftrong Vinegar wrought into a pafte, of which pafte make little Gakes, and dry them in the fhadow, arid being dryed diflolve fome of them in a pint and a half of Barley-Milk, or for want thereof, in that juyce which is called Criraor Prifame, and give it the horfe to drink.- for it not only cureth the Bloody-flux, but being given with a quart of warm water, it healeth all grief and pain either in the belly or bladder, which cometh far want of ftaling. Now for mine ownpart, I have ever ufed for the b!oody-flux,but ^
this Medicine only. Take of red wine three pints, half a hand- ful of the Herb called Burfa Pafloris, or She; herds purfe, and as much Tanners bark taken out of the Fat and dryed, boyl them in the wine till fomewhat more than a pint be confumed, and then (training it very hard give it the horfe luke-warmto drink, if you do add unto it a little Cinnamon it is not amifs- There be other^Far- riers which ufe to diflolve in a pint of red wine, four ounces of the conferve of Sloes, and give it the horfe to drink: but either of the other Medicines are fully fufficient. CHAP. LXXX.
Of the falling down of a Herfei Fundament. HOrfes fbmetimes, by means of the dileafe formerly fpoken of
which is the Bloody-flux, and fometimes by a natural weak- nefs in the inward Bowels, coming through the Relblution of the Mufcles, ferving to draw up the Fundament, will many times have their Fundaments fall down in great length, both to the much pain of the horfe, and great toathforaenefs to the beholders. Now the refoktion or falling down,may come partly by over-much ftraining to dung whena horfe is coftive, and partly by over great moiflure, •asit happens in young Children : For than a Horfe, no creature hath a moifter body. Now the fignsare apparent, hanging down of the Fundament, and the cure is this. Firft, you fhall look whether the Fundament be inflamed, that is whether it be much fwell'dor no, if it be not inflaro'd, then you fhall anoint it withoyl of Rofes warmed, on a Chafifig-difh and coals, or for wantoffuch P 2 Oyl,
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io6 Of Cures fhyfical. Lib. I.
Oyl, jhn fnall Wain it with warm red Wine, but if it be inflamed,
then you (hall bathe it well with a foft fponge, dipt in the decoction, of Mallows j Camomil, Linfeed, and Fenugreek, and alfo you ihali anoint it well.with Oyl of Camomil and Dill mingled together, to aflwage the fwelling, and then with a gentle hand, and warm Lin- nen cloths, thrnft it fair and foftly up into his true place ; that done, bathe all the Tuel with red Wine, wherein hath been foddcn Acatium, Galls, Achron Cups, and the pairng of Quinces .v Then throw upon it either the powder of Bole-Armonick, or of Frankin- cenle, or Sanguis Draconis, Myrrh, Acatium, or fuch like, and then give him to drink the dry Pills of Pomegranats beaten to powder, either with wine or warm water, and be fure to keep the horie very warm, and in his body neither too foluble or loole, nor too coftive or hard bound, but of a mean and foft temper, for the extremity of either is hurtful. ' CHAP. LXXX1.
Of the Bots-, Truncheon*? and Worms in a Horfes Body. MY Matters, the old antient Farriers, are of opinion, that the
Guts of a Horle do breed three lorts of Worms, that is to fay, little fliort Wonv.s with great red heads, and long fmall white tailes, which we call Bots: fhort and thick Worms all of a bignefs like a mans finger,which we call Truncheons,and great long Worms as big as a mans finger, and at the leaft fix inches in length, which we call by the Simple name of Worms only. Now in mine own Experience,and all other Mens, I find a fourth
53- fort, which is of a middle fize, and are red and fiery,- with thick, ihort, fharp heads, and are called poyfonous red Worms, and are of all other molt poyfonous and dangerous, for they will afcend up even to the Throat of the Horfe, and will choak and kill him, and fornetimes they will eat through his ftomach, and fo confound him. Now for mine own part I am of opinion, that the firft which are
Bots,are not bred in the Guts,but the Stomach only, becaufe having cut up many horfes, I never could yet find any one Bot in the Gluts, yet great {tore of both the other worms,nor ever cut up the ftomach of a Horfe, but I found great abundance of bots, and neither of the other worms: whence 1 am confidently opinionated, that bots are ever bred in theftomach, and both the other forts of Worms in the Guts t
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Lib, I. Of Cures Pbyfical. 107
Guts: Truth it is,that all three do proceed from one felf-fame caaie, .
which is a raw, grofs, and flegmatiek matter, apt to putrefaction, and ingendred by foul and naughty feeding, and as they proceed from one felf-fame caufe, fo have they all one fign, and all one Cure. The figns then are,the horfe will forfake his Meat, and not ftand upon his legs, but wallow and tumble, and beat his belly with his feet,and fometimes the pain will be fo extream, that he will beat his head againft the ground, and truly, the Violence of the red Worms are wonderful, for 1 have feen Horfes whole ftomach have been eaten quite through with them, fo that the meat which they eat could not abide in their ftomach, but fell upon the fwaljowing into the body, making the body fwell like a Tun, and fo have died with huge tor- ment. Now the Cure according to the antienteft Farriers is,to take a quart of fweet Milk, of Honey a quartern, and give it him luke- warm : then walk him up and down for the fpace of an hour after, and fo let him reft for that day, with as little Meat and Drink as may be •, and by no means fuffer him to lie down- Then the next day when the Horfe is failing, take of Rue a handful, of Savin as much, and being well ftampt, put thereunto a little Brimftone, and a little Soot of a chimny beaten into fine powder, put all thefe things together in a quart of wort,or new Ale,and there let them lie in fteep the fpace of an hour or two \ then ftrain it hard through a fair cloth, and give it the horfe to drink lukewarm, then bridle him, and walk him abroad the fpace of an hour, then fet him up, and let him ftand on the bit two or three hours after, and then give him a little Hay. Other antient Farriers uie only to give the horfe for this difeafe
the warm Guts of a new flain Hen or Chicken, being thruft down the horfes throat, and fure it is paffing good, efpecially if a little fait be mixed with them •• and this muft be done three mornings toge- ther falling, keeping the horfe from drinking three or four hours ' after.Othersufe to take three ounces of the Roots of Caphers,beaten with half fo much Vinegar, and put it down the Horfes Throat: or elfe a pint of Milk, and a fpoonful of Sope given the Horfe ta drink: or Brimftone and Milk given to drink, all very foveraign* Others ufe to bind about the Snaffle or Bit,mans-dung new made,and fo ride him therewith. Others take of Gentian, Aloes, and Savin, of each half an ounce,
and brew them together with Honey and ftrong Ale. Others u|e to take only a quart of cold fweet Wort, Others take Savin and Southern*
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"——~—I"-——^^^—T—————>—Tinrmr^—,,,.....,jj
108 ' Of Cures fbyfical. Lib. I.
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Southern-wort, or elfe Worm-wood, and the tops of Broom fmall
chopt, and mix it with the horfes Provender. Others ufe to give the horfe to drink luke-warm Elder-berries fodden in Milk. Others ufe to give the horfevwith his Provender, his own hair chopt fmall, and mixt with Bay-Salt. Others put hot Embers in water, and prefently drain it, and give it the horfe to drink. Others make little round balls of Honey, and the fine powder of Chalk, and put- ting them into Ale, make the Horfe fwallow them. Others ufe to take, efpecially for the long worms, half a penny worth of Fenu- greek, of Annifeeds a quarter of a pound, half a pennyworth of Bay-berries, as much Licoras, and as much Turmerick, and a little quantity of Brimftone, beat them into powder,put them into a quart ofAle,anc> give it the horfe falling luke-warm to drink •■ then ride him an hour after, then fet him up warm four and twenty hours ,(3> after. Others ufe, efpecially for the Truncheons,to take two ipoon- fuls of the powder of Wor m wood, finely fearft, and pur. it into a pint of good Malmfey, and after it is brewed a while, let it ftand and foak all night, and then give it the horfe in the morning falling, then keep him without meat or drink four hours after. Others ufe to give the horfe to drink, two fpoonfuls of Wormfeed, and as much Brimftone as powder of Savin, with a quart of Malmfey, Ale, or Beer. Others ufe to take as much black Soap as a Walnut, and as much brimftone beaten to powder, and a head or two of Garlick pill'd and bruifcd,and put into a quart of good Ale, and give it the horfe luke-warm to drink. This Medicine may alfo be adminiflered to a Mare great with Foal,
if fhebe troubled with the Bots or other Worms, fo that the black Sope be left out, for it is a violent purger, and may kill the Foal in the Mares belly j yet for mine own part, I never give any inward Phyfical Medicines to a Mare great with Foal, but if 1 find her troubled with Worms, as is eafie to be done by the flinkingof her breath, by the fliminefs of her Mouth, and by the grearnefs of the worm-veins under her Lips, then prefently I do nothing butJet her blood in the Roof or Palate of her Mouth, and make her eat her own blood ; for that I know will both kill worms, and help rnoft inward Maladies- But leaving Mares with Foal, let us return again unto Horfes. There be other Farriers which ufe to take a handful of new hens dung, and a quart of ftale Ale, and bray them well together j then take a handful of Bay Salt, and put two Eggs
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Lib. I. 0} Cures fbyfecal. 109,
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Eggs to it,and having raixt them all well together, give it the horfe
to drink. Others ufe to take half a penny worth of Saffron, and as much Allum, and mix them with a pint of Milk, and give it the horfe to drink : or elfe give him green Willow, and green Reed to eat. Others ufe (and think it the bell of all other Medicines) to take the Guts of a young Hen or Pigeon, and roul it in a little black Soap, then in Bay-Salt, and fo force it down the horfes throat- O- thers ufe (efpecially for the Truncheons) to let the horfe drink hens dung, Mint, Sage, and Rue, with Beer or .Ale, and to let him blood in the Noftrils. To conclude, except you fee the horfe very much pained,you {hall need to give him nothing but Rozen and brimftone mixt together, and blended with his Provender, having care that you ever give it rafting, and long before the horfe do drink. Laftly,and as the chief of all Medicines for all manner of Worms,
take as much precipitate as will lie on a filver two pence, and work it with as much Butter at a French Walnut, then lap it in another peice of Butter as big as a Hens Egg, and fo give it the horfe fafting in the manner of a Pill. Ride him a little after it, and give him no water that night, and let him faft two hours, then feed as at other times. CHAP. LXXXII.
Of the pain in a Horfes Kidneys.
THere is no queftion, bat the fame Infirmities which do belong
unto the Liver or Spleen of a Horfe, do alio belong unto the Kidneys,as Inflammations, Obltructions, Apofthumes, and Ulcers ;. and truly in opening of Horfes, I have found the Kidney iometimes waited, which I imputed to foms matter of Inflammation \ I have Jikewife found much Gravel, which was only through obftructions % and I have feen the Kidniesas black as Ink, which could not come without an Ulcerous Apoftumation, But forafmuch as a horfe is a Beaft, who cannot tell the manner of his pain, nor we fo heedful as we might have been, to obferve the fymptoms of every grief, we are inforced to conclude all under one name, which is the pain in the Kidnyes, gotten either by forae great ftrain in Leaping, or. by fome great burthen bearing* The figns are, the horfe will go rowling and ftaggering behind*
&s Urine will beblackifliand thick? and his Stones (if he hare any) will
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11 o Of Cures fphyfical. Lib. I.
will be flirunk up into his body, if he have not, you fhall perceive
the (heath of his 73rd to be drawn backward, and the great Veia which runneth up the fide of his Thigh, called the Kidney-vein, will (lack and beat continually. The cure according to the opinion of the antient Farriers, is Firft to bathe his back and Loins with Oyl, Wine, andNitrum, warmed together, and after he is bathed cover him with warm cloaths, and let him ftand in Litter up to the belly, then give hinfto drink water wherein hath been fodden Dill, Fennel, Annifeeds, Smallage, Parfley, Spikenard, Myrrh, and Caffia 01 as many as you can conveniently get of thefe fimples. The next Morning fading, give him to drink a quart of Ews Milk,or for want thereof half fo much J>& Uet-Oyl, and Deers fuet molten toge- ther : or if you can get it, the root of Daffodil] boyledin Wine, and-let his Provender be dried Oats 5 and in his Diet keep him a- bout ten days, and he will recover. CHAP- LXXXIII.
Of the difeafes belonging to the Bladder or Vrine^and firft of the Strangury.
According to the determinate opinion of all the bed and An-
cienteft Horfe-Leaches, the Bladder of a Horfe is fufaject to three dangerous difeafes,as firft,the Strangury, or Strangullion ; the fecond, the pain-pifs, and the third the Stone, or PifTuppreft. Now for the firft, which is the Strangury, or Strangullion, it is, when the Horfe is provoked to ftale often, andavoideth nothing but a few drops j it cometh without doubt, either by the heat and fharpnefs of Urine, caufed either by great Travel., or by (harp and hot meats and drinks, or elfe by the Exulceration of the Bladder,or by means of fbme Apofthume in the Liver and Kidneys, which Apofthume be- ing broken, the matter reforteth down into the Bladder, and with the fharpnefs thereof caufeth a continual provocation of piffing. The figns are ('as I faid before,) a continual defire to Pifs, yet avoiding nothing but a few drops,and thofe with fijch pain,that he will whisk, wry, and beat his Tailas he piffeth. The Cure whereof is to bathe the horfes hinder Loins with warm
water, and then take Bread and Bayberrie?, and temper them toge- ther with May Butter, and five him two or three Balls thereof down his throat three days together. Others
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Lib. I. Of Cures ^by/ical. 111
Others ufe ( and I have ever found it the beft ) to take a quart of
new Milk, and a quartern of Sugar, and brewing them well toge- ther, give it the horfe to drink fix mornings together, obferving to keep the horfe from all fharp meats, as Mpw-burnt Hay, Bran, and fuch like. CHAP. LXXXIV.
Of the Tain-pifs.) or piffwg with fain-
THis Difeafeof Pain-pifs, is, when a Horfe cannot pifs but with
great pain and labour, and doth proceed fometimes from the ' weaknefs of the bladder, and the cold intemperance thereof; and fometimes through the abundance of Flegm and grofs humours, ftopping the Neck of the bladder. The figns whereof are,the horfe will ftretch himfelf out as though he would ftale, and thruft out his Yard a little, and with a pain clap his Tail betwixt his Thighs to his belly, and having ftood fo a good while, in the end he will ftale a good quantity. The cure whereof, according to the opinion of Farriers, is, -fa
to take the juyce of Leeks, fweet Wine, and Oyl, and mingling them together,to pour it into his right Noftri^and walk him a little up and down upon it: or elfc to give him to drink SmaUage feed, or elfe the Roots of wild Fennel fodden with Wine. Others ufe to put fine (harp onions clean pill'd and a little bruifed, into his Fun- dament, and then to chafe him immediately upon it, either by ri- ding him, or running him in a man's hand: or elfe to take the fcra- ping of the inward parts of the horfes own Hoofs, beaten into powder,and mingled with Wine,and pour it into his right Noftril, and then ride him upon it. Others ufe to lead the Horfe to Sheep- coats, orSheep-peus, where great ftoreof (heep are wonted, and making the horfe to fmell of the dung and pifs of the flieep, it will provoke him to ftale prefently. Others ufe to give the horfe white dogs-dung dried and mingled with Ammoniacum, Salt, and Wine to drink .• or elfe hogs dung only with Wine, or the dregs of horfe pifs and Wine. |
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a chap.
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11 a - Of Cures <Pbyfical. Lib. I.
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CHAP. LXXXV.
Of the Stone, or Fifs fitflreft in a Horfe; THE Stone or Pifs-fuppreft in a Horfe, is, when a Horfe would
fainftale, but cannot at'all, and therefore may well be called the foppreifion of the Urine. It proceedeth according to the opini- ons of my Matters, the old Farriers, fometimesfrom the weaknefs of the bladder, when the water conduit is flopped with grofs humors, or with matter defcending from the Liver, or from fome Inflamma- tion or hard Knobs growing at the mouth of the conduit, or for that the finews of the bladder are numbed, fo as the bladder is with- out feeling.* or it may come by keeping a horfe being long in Travel, and not fuffering him to ftale;but moft commonly and ofteft it cometh from Obftrudtions in the Kidneys, where, by the caufes aforefaid, a certain red Gravel being bred, and falling down into the conduits, by mixture of flegm and other grofs humours, is there brought to be a hard ftone, and ftoppeth the paflage of the Urine. For the figns there needeth no more but this, that he would fain pifs, but can- not. The cure,according to the opinion of the moft antienteft Farriers,
is firft to draw out his yard, and bathe it well with white wine, and pick it, and fcour it well, left it be flopped with dirt and filthinefs, then put a little Oyl of Cammomil into his yard with a wax candle, and a bruifed clove of Garlick: but if that will not force him to ftale, then take of Parfley a handful, of coriander one handful, ftamp_ them and ftrain them with a quart of white Wine,and diflblve therein one ounce of Cake Sope,and give it lukewarm unto the horfe to drink,and fee that you keep him as warm as may be,and let him drink no cold Water for the fpace of five or fix days, and when you would have him to ftale, let it either be on good plenty of ftraw or upon the grafs, or in a Sheeps Coat. Others ( and thole of the beft efteem for horfe-leach-craft at this day) ufe only to give White-wine,Cake- fope, and butter very well mint together, and let the horfe drink it warm. Others ufe to anoint theHorfes belly firft with warm water, then
when it is dried, to anoint it again with Salet Oyl, Hogs-greafe and Tar mixt together and made warm, and fo hold a hot Iron agadnft his belly whilft it is anointing, that the Oyntment ma,y the better
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Lib. L Of Cures ^hyfical. I
better enter the skin: But I hold this Medicine to be much better
for the Strangury, or any other pain in the belly, than for the Stone j yet it is approved good for all. Others ufe to take a pint of White-wine or Ale,and mix it with a little Garlick, and the whites of ten Eggs, and give it the horfe to df ink: or elfe give him the juice of red-Colewarts mixt with White-wine, or the root of Alex- anders bruifed and fbdden in Wine to drink, and wafh his yard with Vinegar. Others ufe to take either Worm-wood, Southernwood or Galingale, or Mallows, or Pimpernel, fome of thefe, or any one of thofe, itampt and flxained, and give it the horfe with Ale to drink. Others ufe to take a pint of White-wine, half a pint of Burr- feed beaten very fmall, two ounces of Parfley-feed, half a handful of Hyflbp, half an ounce of black Sope, mix them all well together, and warm it, and give it the horfe to drink: or elfe take un-fet Leeks, and flamp them fmall, and Sope, Milk, and Butter, and being mixt together, give it the horfe to drink. Others ufe to take a Nutmeg, and a handful of Parfley-feed, beat them to powder,then take as much butter, and mix them altogether in a quart of flrong Ale, and give it the horfe lukewarm to drink: or elfe take the feed of Smallage, Parfley, Saxafras, the Roots of Philupendula, Cherry-flone Kernels, GrummeMeeds, and Broom-feed, of each a like Quantity, beat them into fine powder, and give it the horfe with a pint or a quart of White-wine. Now albeit, thefe Medicines before rehearfed, are daily in pra-
ctice, and approved very foveraign, yet for mine own part, I have fouud none more foveraign than this .• Take a quart of flrong Ale, and put it into a pottle pot, then tike as many keen Raddifh Roots, clean wafted, being flit through and bruifed, as will fill up the pot; then flopping the pot very clofe that no Air may come in, let it fo Hand four and twenty hours, then flrain the Ale and the Roots ve- ry hard into a clean VefTel, and give it the horfe fafling in the Mor- ning to drink -7 then ride him a little up and down, and fo fet him up warm, and watch him, and you (hall fee him ftale. This you wuft do divers Mornings together. |
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Of Cures <Phyfic<iL Lib. I.
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CHAP. LXXXVI.
Of a Horfe that pijfeth Blood. T-Herc is nothing more certain,than that a horfe many times will
pifs blood inftead of Urine, the caufe (as the moft Antient -Farriers fuppofe ) proceeding from fome one of thefe Grounds •, ekher over-much Labour, or too heavy a burthen, efpeeially when the horfe is fat: for by either of them the horfe may coa:e to break fome vein in his body, and then you ihall fee clear blood come out and no Urine at all j but if the blood be mixt with Urine, then oS* they fuppofe it cometh from the Kidneys, having fome ragged Stone therein, whichfthrough great Travel doth fret the veins of the Kidneys, and make them bleed, through which as the Urine paf- feth, it taketh the blood away with it alfo j but for mine own part I have not found any greater caufe for the piffing of blood than the taking up of a horfe from Grafs in the ftrength of Winter, ( as about Clmftmas') and prefently, without a days reft in the Stable, to thruft him into a long and weary Journey j from this caufe I have feen many Horfes after two or three dayes Journey, to pifs blood in moft grievous manner- The figns are needlefs. The cure according to the opinion of the antient Farriers, is this: Firft, letthe horfe blood in the palate of the mouth* to convert the blood the contrary^fty ; then take of Tragagant which hath been fteeped in White-wine^halfan ounce, of Poppy-feed, one dram and one fcruple, and of Storax as much, and twelve Pine-apple Kernels \ let all thefe things be beaten and mingled well together, and give the horfe thereof every, morning the fpace of feven days, the quantity of a Walnut, infufed in a quart of fweet Wine Other latter Far- riers ufe to let the horfe blood in the Neck, and_boyl that blood with Wheat,and with the powder of dried Pomegranate Pills; then ftrain it, and give it him three or four mornings together to drink, and let him by no means travel thereupon : or elfe give him of husked Beans boyled with husks of Acorns beaten fmall, and mixt together. Others ufe to make him a drink with the Roots of Daf- fodil mingled with Wheat-flower, and Summach fodden long in Water, and fo to be given to the horfe with fweet Wine: or elfe to make him drink of Goats Milk and Sallet Oyl, ftraining there- unto a little Frumenty : or elfe to give him loddea Beans and Deers
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Lib. I. Of Cures fbyfical. 115
Deers fuet in Wine, each of thefe are of like force and goodnels.
Now there be others which ufe for this Dileafe to take Barley, and leeth in the jnyce of Gum-folly, and give him the barly to eat, and thejuyce to drh.k: orelfetake the powder of Licoras and Anni feeds rouled up in Honey, and make round bails thereof, and caft down the horfes throat two or three of them : Laftly, and the beft, take Licoras, Anniieeds, and Garli^k bruifed together with Sallet- Oyl and Honey, and give it in a quart of new Milk to the horfe to "^ drink, it is very foveraign alio j and thefe two Medicines laft re- hearfed, are exceeding good alfo for any Cold or Glanders. CHAP. LXXXVil.
Of the Colt-Evil.
THE Colt Evil by the moffc antfer.t Farriers, efpecially the Ita-
lians, whofe hot Countrey affordeth the Beafts of more hot and ftrong Natures than ours doth, is thought to be a continual ftanding Ere&ion, together with an unnatural Swelling of the Yard, proceeding either from fome Wind, filling the Arteries and hollow Sinews,or Pipes of the Yard, or elfe through the abundance of feed, provoked by the natural heat of the horfe ; but our Farriers, who have not feen that experience, becaufe our horfes are of a colder temper, fay, it is only a fwelling of the Iheath of the Yard, and of that part of the belly about the Yard, together with the.cold alfo proceeding from corrupt feed, which cometh out of the Yard, and remaining within the fheath, there Putrifieth : and this judgment we find by experience to be moft true. Now you fhall underiland, that Geldings as well as horfes are fubjed thereunto, becaufe they want natural heat to expel feed any further. The figns are only the outward Swelling of the fheath and Cod,
and none other: and the bell cure is,firft to wafh the fheath clean with lukewarm VinCgar, then draw out the yard and wafh it alfo; which done, ride the horfe twice every day, that is, Morning and Evening, into fome deep running water up to the Belly, toffing him to and fro, to allay the heat of his Members, till the fwelling be vanifhed, and if you fwim him now and then it will not do amifs. Others ufe to bath his Cods and yard with the juyce of Houfe-lick, or with the water wherein Kinholm hath been fod- Now this Colt-Evil will foinetimes flop the horfes urine that he cannot pifs; then you (halt
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— ,iLJ„L ,
116 Of Cures fhyficaL Lib. I.
fhall take new Ale, and a little black Sope, and give it the Horfe to
drink. Others ufe to wafh the Horfes Cods and fheath with butter and Vinegar made warm. Others ufe to wafh his Yard ai^d Cods with the juyce of Hemlock, or elfe take bean-flower, Vinegar, and Bole- Armonick, and mixing them together, lay it plaifterwife to his fheath and Cods. Others make him a plaifler of Wine lees, Houfe-Leek, and bran mixt together, and laid,t;o his fheath and Cods: But if the firfl receipt will ferve, I would not wifh you to ufe any other medi- cine. CHAP. LX XXVIII.
Of the Mattering ef the Tard.
THis Difeafe of the Mattering of the Yard, is feldom feen but
amongft the hot Races or Breeds of Horfes, as the Jennet, the Barbarv- aud fuch like •■, and it hapneth ever at covering time, when the ho. (c and Mare both being too hot, do burn themfelves,by which means there ifTueth forth of the horfes yard much filthy mat- ter. The flgns.are the falling down of the Matter, and a fwelling at the end of the yard, and the horfe can by no means draw up his yard, or cover it within his fheath. The cure is, to take a pint of White-wine, and boil therein a quartern of Roch Allom, and with a large Serringe or Squirt, fquirt in three or four fquirtfuls into his yard one alter another, and be fure that your fquirt go home unto thebott >m, that the Liquor or Lotion may fcour the bloody mat- ter away: this do five or fix times every day till the horfe be whole. CHAP. LXXXIX."
Of the Redding of the Seed,
-JE fhedding of the Seed, or the falling away of the Sperm
in Horfes, is none other than that which we call in Men inning of the Reins: It cometh, as our old Farriers fay, either mndance and ranknefs of Seed,or by the weaknefs of the Stones, <eed- Veflels, not able to retain the Seed until it be digefted and knedj but truly for mine own part, I think it cometh oftner jecialry among our Englifh horfes) by fome great ftrain in Leap- ing* or by teaching a horfe to bound, and making him bound above
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Lib. I. Of Cum tPhyjical. 117
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above the compafs of his natural ftrength. The figns are only the
ihedding of his feed, which will be white, thin, and waterifh. The cure, according to the antient Experiments, is, firft to ride the horfe into fome cold Water up to the belly, infomuch that his ftones may be covered'with water i which done, bathe his Funda- ment with Water and Oyl, then cover him exceeding warm, and give him every day to drink of red Wine,and hogs-dung,till the flux of his feed flay ■-, but latter experience hath found this Receipt better. Take of red Wine a quart, and put therein a little Acatium, the juyce of Plantain,and a little Maffick, and give it him to drink ■■, and then bathe all his back with red Wine, and Oyl of Roles mixt toge- ther, but other Farriers take Venice-Turpentine, and being wafht, beat it well with half fo much Sugar, and then make round balls as big as walnuts, and give the horfe five every morning till the flux ftay. CHAP. XC.
Of the falling of the Yard. THe falling down of the Yard, is when a horfe hath no ftrength
to draw up his Yard within the fheath, but lets it hang down between his legs ill-favouredly : It cometh(as our beft Farriers fuppofe) either through the weaknefs of the Member, by means of fbme Refolution in the Mufcles and Sinews, ferving the fame, caufed by fome great ftrairi or ftripe on the back, orelfe through extream wearinefs and tyring. The fign is only the apparent hanging down of the Member : and the cure is, (according to fome opinions) to wafhthe horfes yard in Salt-water from the Sea, or for want thereof with Water and Salt: but if that will not prevail, then prick all . the outmoft skin of his yard with a fharp needle, but yet as flightly as|Aybe, and not deep; and then wafhall the pricks withftrong Vinegar, and this will not only make him draw up his yard again, but alfo if at any time his Fundament chance to fall, this cure will put it up again. There be other Farriers which for this difeafe will put into the pipe of the horfes yard, honey and fait boyled toge- ther, and made Liquid, orelfe a quick flye, or a grain of Frankin- cenfe,or a Clove of Garlick clean pilled and bruifed, and bathe his back with Oyl, Wine, and Nitre made warm and mingled together. But thebefr. cure,accordingtoour Englifh pradice,is,firft,towafh all the yard with White-wine warmed, and then anoint it with Oyl
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.u'8 Of Cures fhyfical Lib. I.
Oyl of Rofes and Honey mixt together, andfo put it up into the *
{heath, and with a little Bolfter of Canvas keep it from falling down, and orefs him thus once in four and twenty hours, until he be recover'd, and in any cafe let his back be kept as warm as is pof- fible, both with cloth and a charge of Plaifter made of Bole Armo- r.ick, Eggs, Wheat-flower, Sanguis Draconis, Turpentine, and Vinegar , or elfe lay next his back a wet Sack, or wet Hay, and a dry cloth over it, and that will keep his back exceeding warm. C H A P. XCI.
Of the Difeafes incident to Mares, and firfl of the Barrennefs of the
Womb.
THE only Difeafe incident to the Womb of a Mare, (as far forth
as our Farriers are experienced) is barrennefs which may pro- ceed from divers caufes,as through the intemperance of the Matrix, being either too hot and fiery,or too cool and moift,or too dry; or elfe too fhort,or too narrow,or having the neck thereof turned awry, or by means of ibme obftru&ion,or flopping in the matrix, or in that the Mare is too fat or too Iean,and divers other fuch like caufes. Now the cure thereof according to the old Farriers, is, to take a good handful of Leeks,and ftamp them in a mortar with four or five fpoon- fuls of Wine, then put thereunto twelveflies, called'Cantharides, then ftrain them all together with a fufiicient quantity of water to ferve the Mare there with two days together, by pouring the feme into her nature with a Clifter-pipe made for the purpofe, atsd at the end of three days next following,ofFer the horfeunto her that Ihould cover her, and after fhe is covered, wafh her Nature twice together with cold water. There be others which ufe to take of Nitrum, of Sparrows dung,
and*pf Turpentine,ofeach a like quantity well wrought together, & make a fuppofitory, and put that into her Nature, and it will caufe her both to defire the horfe, and alfo to conceive. There be fome of Opinion, that it is good to put a Nettle into the horfes mouth that fhould cover her- Of all which, let only experience be your warrant. |
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CHAP.
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Lib. I. Of Cures Thyfical. 11 c;
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CHAP. XCH.
Of the Teftilent Consumption in Mores.
THere is a certain peftilent confumption incident to Mares when
they are with Foal, proceeding from cold flegm, gathered by raw foggy food in the Winter-feafon, which defcending from the Kidneys, doth opprels the Matrix, and makes the Mare confume and pine away,fo that,if (he be not holpen,fhe will want ltrength to foal her foal- The figns are, fudden Leannefs, and a Drooping of Spirit, with much diflike of meat, a continual defire to be laid. The cure is, to pour into her Noftrils three pints of filh brine, called Garume, three or four mornings together, and if the grief be very great, then take five pints, and it will make her vent all flegm at her Noftrils.
CHAP. XCHI.
Of the rage of Love in Mares.
IT is reported by fome of our Englifh Farriers, that Mares being
proudly and high kept, will at the Spring of the year, when their Blood begins to wax warm, if they chance, when they go to the water, to fee their own fhadows therein, that prefently they will fall into extream love therewith, and from that love into fuch a hot rage,that they will forget either to eat or drink, and never ceafe running about the pafture, gazing ftrangely, and looking oft about and behind them. The cure of this folly is, prefently to lead the Mare to the water,and there to let her fee her felf as before, and the fecond fight will utterly extinguifh the memory of the firft, and 06 take away her folly. vCH A P. XCIV.
Of Mares which cap their Foals.
THe occafion why Mares caffc their Foals, that is, to foal them
either before their times, or dead, are very many, as (trains, ftrokes, intemperate riding, rufhings, hard wintrings, or too great fatnefs, and fuch like. Now you fhall underftand, that this aborfe- ment, or untimely calling of a Foal, is moft dangerous to the life of R a Mare:
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jio Of Cures fbyfical. Lib. I.
a Mare: For Nature being, as it were, detained from her true and
perfect coftom, whichjs the prelervation. of health, cannot chnfe but give way to the contrary, which is Death and Mortality, and the body and pores being let open to the Air, before it be able to defend the cold, ennnot chufe but be fuffbeated with unwholfome Vapours. If therefore you-have a Mare at any time which doth cafe her Foal, and withal ialleth lick upon the fame, you ihall presently take her into the hoafe, and fet her up very warm, then give her two fpoonful of the powder of Diapente well brewed in a pint of iv!u:kadine,-and feed her with fweet Hay, and warm readies, for st ieafl a week after. CHAP. XCV.
Of Mares that are hard of Foaling. "f F it happen by any mifchance, or otherwife, that the pafTages or
J. other conduits, which lead from the Matrix, befo ftraightned that the Mare cannot Foal, and fo be in danger of her life : then it ihall be good that yon help her by holding and flopping her Noltrils with your hand in a gentle manner, that her breath may not have paflage, and fhe will Foal with a great deal the more eaie, as d much fooner ", and fure thepsin is nothing, becaufe a Mare always Foaleth ftanding. Now if at any time when your Mare hatif Foaled, fhe cannot void her Secundine, which is the skin wherein the foal is wrapped, in that natural manner as fhe ought, you [hall then take a gcod handful or two of Fennel, and boyl it in water ; then take half a pint of that, and another half pint of oid Wine, and put thereto a fourth part of Oyl, and mingle them aii together over the fire, and being but lukewarm, pour it into che Mares Nofcrils, and hold her Noftrils clofe with your hand, to keep it in a pretty while after, and no queilion but fhe will avoid her Secundine prefently. CHAP. XCVI.
Of making a Mare to cafi her Foal. IF at any time you would have your Mare to caft. her Foal, as
having prefent occasion to ufe her, or In that the Foal is not worthily enough begot, yon Ihall take a bottle of new milk, and two handfuls of Savin chopt andbruifed,and putting them together, boyl
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.. - ... -------------—;;-----;---------------------------- ' -------
Lib. I. Of Cures Tbyfical. 111
boyl them till one halfbeconfumed ; then ftrainit very hard, and
give it the Mare luke-warm to drink, then prefently gallop her a good fpace, then fet her up, do thus two mornings, and before the third fhe will have caft her Foal- Others ufe with their hands to kiU the Foal in the Mares belly, but it is dangerous, and the former Medicine is more fufficient. And thus much of the infirmities of Mares. Now let us return again to Horfes and Mares in general. CHAP. XCVII.
Of the Drinking of Horfe-Leaches by Horfes.
IF a horfe at any time drink down Horfe-Leaches, they will fuck
his blood and kill him. The figns are, the Horfe will hang down his head to the ground, and abundance of filthy flaver will fall from his mouth, and fometimes fome blood alfo. The cure is prefently to give a pint of Sallet-Oyl to drink, and that will make them fall away, and kill them. But the belt is, to give him half an ounce of Diapente brewed in a pint of ftrong Beer or Ale. CHAP. XCVHI.
Of frv'allowing down Hens-dungy or any Venemoui thing whatfoever.
IF a Horfe chance to fwallow down any Hens-dung with his Hay,
it will fret his Guts, and make him to void much filthy matter at his Fundament. The Cure whereof, is, to take a pint of Wine, halfapintof Honey, and two fpoonfuls of Smaliage-ieed bruifed, and mixing them well together, to give it the Horfe to drink, and then to walk him well upon the fame that he may empty his belly. But if the Horfe chance to lick up any other Venemous thing, as Neut, or fuch like, which, you fhall know by the inftant fweiling of his body, and the trembling of all his members, then the cure is, firft to put him into a fweat, either by cloaths or Exercife, then to let him blood in the palate of the mouth, and look how much he bleedeth,fo much let him fwallow down hot: or elle give him ftrong Wine and fait rriixt together. Or elfe take the Root, and leaves,and fruit of Briony, which being burnt to afhes, give the horfe a good ipoonful thereof, with a pint of fweet Wine to drink. Now for mine own part, I have ever ufed to take a pint of Sallet-
R 2. Oyl,
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I a 2 Of Cures fhyfical. Lib. I.
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Oyl, and two fpoonfub of Sugar'Candy beaten to powder, and as
much of the powder Diapente, and brewing them together, give it the horfe to drink, or for want of Diapente, fo much of the {having either of Ivory, or an old Stags horn, efpecially the tips thereof burnt. CHAP. XCIX. |
Of Turging Medicines in general, and firft of the Suppofitory.
PUrging is faid of our molt ancient Farriers, to be an emptying
and difcharging of all and every fuperftuous humours which dif- temper the body with their evil qualities; for fuch humours breed evil nntrimerit,which, when it will not be corrected nor holpen with good diet, alteration, nor the benefit of nature and kindly heat,then muft it. by force either betaken away by purgation,elifter,or Suppo- fitory. Now forafmuch as a horfe is troubled with many diJeafes in the Guts3and that nothing can purge the gut with that gentleneis which a Suppofitory doth, I will here firft begin to fpeak of Sup- pofitories. Underftand then, that a horfe being furfeited, and full of evil
Jhumours needing to be purged, it is beft firfl to give him a Suppo- fitory, left if you mould come to apply a clifter, the great gut being flopped with dry, hard, and hot excrements, the Medicine being noE able to work beyond it,lofe both labour and vertue ; fo that I make account a Suppofitory is but only a preparative to a clifter, and but only to cleanle and make loofe the great Gut, which cometh to the TneT. The gentle Suppofitory then, and that which purgeth flegm in the beft manner, is, to take a fquare piece of cake foap, or white new Caftlefoap, about five or fix inches long, and {having it round till it be not above three inches about in the midft, and a little fmaller at each end than in the midft : then anoint it over with SalJet-Oyl, and fo with your hand thruft it up more than a full fpan into his Fundament: then fuddenly clap his Tail to his Tuel, and hold it hard and clofe more than half an hour, in which fpace the moft part of the Suppofitory -will be wafted, then gently take away your hand, and let him void the Suppofitory at his pleafure. The next Suppofitory to this, and which purgeth choler abundantly, is, to
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Lib. L Of Cures Thy fecal. 123
to take Savin ftampt fmall, Stave-faker and Salt, and boyl them in
honey till it be thick, then take and knead it, and roul it of a pretty thick long roul, as before you were taught for the hard foap, and minifter it at his Tuel. The next to this, and that which purgeth Melancholly, is, to take a keen Onion, and pilling off the skin, jag it a little crols-wife with, your knife, andfo thruftit up into the horfes Fundament. There is,befides thefe Suppolicories,one other Suppofi- tory which is, to take a quart of honey, and boil it on the fire till it come to be thick like a Salve,, then pour it forth upon a Table, and knead itlikeapieceof doughjthen when it begins to harden,orgrow ftiff, (as it will do when tt begins to cool) then roll it up under your hand and make it in the form of a Suppofitory as it was before (hewed, and adminifter it in the fame mannenthis fuppofitory is good to purge the gut of any foul humour, and therewithal is comfortable to the body. Now you muft alfo underftand, that as thefe fuppofitories are preparative before Clifters, fo they are likewife to be ufed (imply of themlelves,where the ficknefs of the horfe carrieth no great danger: for upon every flight occaflon, or final] drinefs, which is to be dif- folved with the moft gentle Medicine, to adminifter a glifter, were to bring the horfes body to fuchan intemperate loofenefs, as would prove much warfe then the former contrary drinefs: thereforeIwifh every careful Farrier (becaufe the body of a horfe would not be tam- pered withal too much by Phyfick) firft, in thecafeof coftivenefs, or inflammation of the inward parts, to approve a Suppolltory: as namely, the firft prefcribed and naked like a mans fift, or elfe like a roul orquantity of Roch-Allom, or elfe four inches of a great tallow candle or Percher of four in the pound j whiehif it works effectually* and keep the horfes body foluble, then to proceed no further j but. in cafe it do not, but that the offenfive matter ft ill breedeth and en- creafeth, then to adminifter a Clifter, and where that failcth to- takeaway the offence, to adminifter a purgation. Now by the way,, you are to take with you this general rule, and never to fail in the performance, which is, never to adminifter either Suppofitory or Clifter, but firft immediately before you give it, to rake your horfe,, which raking^ is in this manner. Firft you (hall anoint all youc hand and arm over either with Sallet-Oyl, fweet Buttery or frefl*. Greafe, and then thruftit in to the horfes Fundament, and draw out all the Dung, Flegm, and filthy matter that you can feel, even as, high up as the great bag: which done, then either adminifter yon** Suppofitorj
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124 O/Lura Tbyjicat. Lib. I.
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Suppofitory or Glitter, which you pleafe, at your leifure, and in any
cafe, whilft the horfeis thus in Phyfick,keep him exceeding warm, C H A P. G.
Of Clifters^ and their Vfes.
THe natures and properties of Clifters are divers, and therefore
it is neceifary that every careful Farrier learn to know to what end they ferve,and of what Drugs or Simples they ought to be com- pounded : For every Glitter is to be made according to the Difeafe. Now of Clifters, fomeare to eafe griefs,and to allay the Iharpnefs of the humours 5 fome to bind, fome to loofen, and fome to purge, and fome to heal Ulcers. Thefe Clifters by cleanfing the Guts, refrelh the vital parts, and prepare the way before for every inward and ftrong purgation. Therefore, whenfbever a horle, through grofnefs of humours, corruption of blood, or abundance of flegm, choler or Melancholly,is br6ught unto that evil habit of body,that of necef- fity he muft be purged, and that efpecially his pain is in his Guts and Body? you fhall then, as before J faid (having made a probation of a Suppofitary ) firft of all adminifter a Clifter, left by purging fud- denly with any purgation or Potion, you ftir up a multitude of evil humours, which finding no pailage downward ( becaufe the Guts being flopped with Wind and Dregs ) do ftrike upward, and fo perhaps put the horfe into much greater danger. Now for the compofition of Clifters, you fhall underftand, that
they be made of four things; that is, of deco&ions, of Drugs, of ■Oyl, or fuch like unduous matter, as Butter, or foft Greafe, and fourthly of divers Salts, to provoke the vertne expulfive. A De- coction is the broath of certain herbs and Simples boy led together in water,until the third part be confumed. Now fometimes for want of fuch deco&ions, you may if you pleafe, ufe fome fat Beef-broth, or the broath of Sheeps-head, or fuch like, or Milk, or Whey, or fome fuch like liquor, mingled fometimes either with Honey, or with Sugar, according to the quality of the Difeafe; the Clifter be- ing either Lenitive, that is to fay, eafing of pain : or Glutinative, which is, joyning of things together; or elfe Abfterfive, which is, wiping away,or cleanfing of filthy matter. Now of this Decoclion, or broath, being very clean ftrained, you fhall never take above 3 . pints
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Lib. I. Of Cures <Pbyfical. * 125
pints at the moft,and many times but a quart; into whicii you mail
put fuch Drugs as are needful, exceeding not at the moft, above three or four ounces,according as the iimples be more or leis violent: of the Oyl you fhail never ufe in a Clifter above half a pint, and of Salt not above three or four Drams. You fhall alfo continually adminifhr yoir Clifter hike-warm, either with fbme long Horn or a large Glifter-pipe made for the purpose, and fixed to the larg it bladder yon car; get v and this Cirfter-pipe is of all the beft,anddoth lcr.il lofe Labour. When you do adminiiler a Ciifter, you fhall let the horfes hinder-parts fouiewhat higher : fore parts, and then you (hall put the Clifter-pipe in at his Tuel into his Fun-
dament up to the head and hariflg the confection within the blad- der, wring it with avery good ftrength into his body. A Ciifter ihould be admin ill red to a horfe when he is rather empty than full painched, whether it be in the fore noon or after-noon. Now for the retaining or holding of the Clifter in the horfes body, three ers o; an hour is (ufiicient, of what quality foever it be. Now
you nreto note by the wa/, that as foon as the Ciifter is adminiltred unto the horfes body, ^ou milt draw oat the pipe with ail the gen- tleness that piay be, and fuddenly clap his Tail to his Tuel, and fo it with your hand, without any moving or furring of the
e Medicine hath his full time of working, c. N$w tocojme onto particular C!'fters,that you mav know which Clifter is for which purpofe ; the firft is, take of the pulp of Colo- quiutida, half an ounce, of Dragautium three quarters oi an o ;nce, of Centnaryand of Worm wood, of each half a handful, of Caflo- rami a quarter of an &ajice,bpil them in three pints of water,then be- ing ftrained vou (hall cliflblve therein of Gerologundinnm three oun- ces, pf Salt three quarters of an ounce, and of Oyl Olive half a pint, and fo luke-wann adminiiler it Clifter-wife, as hath been be- fore exurefTed : this Clifter is exceeding ioveraign for the peftiience in Horfes, or for any Fever of what nature foever. The next is,to take the decoction of Ma!Iows,and to mixthere-
withal, either frefh Butrer, or Sallat-OyJ, and fo1 luke-wann admi- ' nifterit: this isof all Cjiiters the moft gen tieft, and as the former - Clirter is abfteriive or cleaufing, fo this is lenitive and a great eafer - of pain : it is moft foveraign for a horfe that is taken, or that hath any contraction or convulfion, and generally for any coftivenefs in a horfe whatfoever,proceedingfrom inward furfeit or ficknels,a5 from thee
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I a6 Of Cures nyfical. . Lib. I,
the furfeitby Provender, foundring in the body, and fuch like. The
next is, to take of Salt-water, or clean Brine a quart, and diflblve therein a pretty quantity of Soap, and then luke-warm adminifter it: this Clifter is very good for the Cholick, or any other ficknefs of the guts or belly. And thus from thefe three Clifters you may compound many Clifters -, but in mine opinion, if you ufe no more than them only, they will be fully fufficient. CHAP. CI.
Of Purgations and their Vfes.
THE purgi ng of Horfes is ever by one of thefe two ways, Either
by Pills, Or by potion .- pills are any folid and Substantial ftuff fixed together in one body, and being made into round balls are caft down the horfes throat. And a potion is, when you give the horfe any liquid purging matter to drink, whether it be purging Powders diffolved in Wine or Ale, or that it beany other liquid ftuff. Now for pills, they only purge and make clean the head and brain, bringing flegm and other grofs humours down into the Excrements: and potions cleanfe the ftomach, Guts and every other inward Member. Now the art of the true careful Farrier is, in chufing of the Simples, whereof thefe pills or potions are to be compounded, and in aptly, or artificially applying the fame. Firft then, it is needful that every good Farrier ( before he go about to purge his horfe) know with what ill humour a horfe is oppreft, as whether it proceed from Choler, Flegm, or Melancholly, and where the humours do moft abound •, and then what fimples are belt to purge thofe humours, and with what property, quality and tempe- rament they be indued; for fbme fimples are moft violent, and next cozens to ftrong Poy fons,as Scammony, or Coloquintida: fome again are gentle, and rather nourilhing than Medicinal, as Manna, Caflia, Whey, Prunes, and fuch like : and fome are neither too violent, nor too gentle, but of a mean, as Rhubarb, Agarick, Sene, and Aloes. Now the antient Farriers did ufe to purge their Horfes with the pulp of Coloquintida, fometimes with the Roots of wild Cowcumbers, and fometimes with the broath of a fodden Whelp mixtwithNitnrm and fuch like, but at this day they are not of our practice, and therefore I wifh him, that for his experience, ftill to make a tryal of ftrong Medicines, or know the working of every limple,
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Lib. I.. Of Cures fhyficaL iaj
limpler, (which is a molt praife-worthy ambition,) firft to make his
proofs upon Jades,whofe lofs he refpedeth not,and fo by that Work- ing to adventure on better hories. But to return to my purpofe, the Farrier who goeth about to
purge a horfe by purgation, mult confider the nature of the horfes Difeafe, and the Strength of the horfe; and with them joyn the na- ture, flrength and quantity of the Medicine; he mull alfo confi- der the Climate under which the horfe is bred, the time of the di- feafe, the time of the year, and the time of the day. For as the . Difeafes and the humours which caufe the Difeafe, are fundry, io they mult be avoided by fundry Medicines, fundry wayes com- pounded, according as experience from a continual praftife fhall inftruft you ; wherein you are to cbferve and note, that weak, de- licate, and tender horfes are not to be purged with that Violence, which ftrong, ftubborn and fturdy horfes are, and therefore in fuch cafes, the quality and quantity is to be looked unto of every fimple. The Climate is "to be reflected, as whether it be hot or cold ; and the time of the Difeafe : for fome Difeafes muft be purged at the beginning, as Fevers', Peftilence, Yellows, Staggers, and all violent inward difeafes, and fome not till the water be throughly digefted, as Cold, Strangles, and Apoftumations. Now albeit the ficknefs proceeds from cold humours, yet you mull not adminiiler as hot Cmples in fummer as in winter; nor in the contrary cafe, focold things in winter as in fummer, whereby you fee the time and the feafon of the year is to be refpefted. Then touching refpecl: of the day, you are to obferve that day to be belt that is moll temperate, fith too much heat maketh a horfe faint, and to much cold doth hinder the Medicine from working. A little regard is to be had in the wind and weather ; for a moift day with a South Wind, is to be preferred before a North Wind with a dry day. Now the belt hour of receiving any kind of potion,is ever in the morning,after he hath faded from meat and drink all the night before. As foon as your Horfe hath received any Pill or Potion, let him be walked, or gently ridden up and down one hour at the leail, and then fet up and fuffered to Hand on the Bit two hours after, well littered and clothed and flopped; but if you perceive that he beginneth to grove lick or ill ( as molt commonly horfes will ) then you fhall fuffer him to lie down, and as foon as his ficknefs is paft, you fhall offer him to drink a Mafh of Malt> and Water luke-warrn : from S any
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ia8 Of Cures <Phyfecal. Lib. I.
any other meat, keep him falling till his Medicine have done Work-
ir'S- ,
Now to come to particular Receipts and Medicines themfelves;
you {hall eaflly underftand, that although the antient Farriers do
make but two kinds, that is to fay, Pills and Purgations., yet I divide them into three,that is to fay,Scourings, Pills and Purgations,Scour- ings are thoie wholfom, natural, and gentle purging Medicines, which ftirring up no great flux of humours, do only keep the body clean from fuch evils as would arife and grow, being every way as wholfomein health as in ficknefs, and may moil properly be term- ed preparatives, or prepareis of the body to entertain more ftrong- er Medicines. To fpeak then firft of the moft gentleft and natural fcouring, it is only Grafs being giving to a horfe only fifteen dayes, together, and namore, for after that it fatteth and not fcoureth. Next unto Grafs is Forrage, which is only the blades of green corn as Wheat, Rye, Barley, and fuch like, being given feven days and no more. Next is green Thirties, being cut up, and given the horfe to est the fpace of five days and no more. And the laft of this nature is the Mafl!,made in this manner: Take a peck of ground Malt, and put it into a pail, then take a Gallon and a half of Water boiling hot from the fire, nnd put it into the'Malt, then with a ftafF, inaih and ftir them together at leaft half an hour till tailing the water you feel it as fweet as honey, then being lukewarm, give it the horfe to drink- ^ All thefe Scourings do. only but eleanfe the Guts, and cool the body, adding comiorts to the fpirits and engendring ftrength, only the Mafh is to be ufed after labour, or inftead of drink in the time of any great ficknefs. Scourings of a little ftronger natureare thefe : firft, v. hen you give your horfe any Provender, to mix with half a peck of Oats, a handful or two of clean dreft Hempfced ■ or elfe to take a good quantity of Box- Tree leaves, and put them into a pewter Difh, then fet them before the fire, and let them dry leifurely till they be fo hard that you may crufh them into powder, then take as~much of the powder of Brim- ftoiie as there is powder of box, and mix them together,and amohgfl half a peck of Oats, mix a handful of this powder, and give it the horfe to eat■■, both thefe fcourings are to be ufed after labour, efpe- dally when the horfe hath fweat much. Thefe two fcourings work upon no matter, but what nature is
willing to expel j they purge the ftomach, head, and intrails, they kill
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Lib. I. Of Cures Tbyfical. 129
kill all kind of Worms, and dry up Flegm. Scouringsoftheftrong-
eft nature are to take of Sallet-Oyl half a pint,and ot new Milk from the Cow, a pint, brew it together, and give it the horfe lukewarm: or elfe take a pint of Maskadine, and half a pint of Sallet-Oyl, and being mixt together, give it the horfe to drink •• or elfe half a pint of Oyl, and a pint of Sack mixt together, and give the horfe to drink lukewarm. Thefe fcourings cleanfe the head, body, and guts, of all Flegm or
molten Greafe, which any violent labour hath diffblved; they are exceeding good for any manner of cold, or Itoppings in the Wind- pipes, and if you add unto them good ftore of Sugar-candy, it will preferve and keep the horfe from ficknefs. Now for Pills, you fhall very plainly underftand, that the firft and eafieftare thefe, either to take twenty cloves of Garlick clean pealed and bruifed, then a quar- ter of a pound of fweet Butter, and fo roul up the Garlick in four or five ball or pellets, as big as two Walnuts apiece •, and lb taking out the horfes tongue, thrnft them down his throat one after ano- ther : or/elfe to take a quarter of a pound of butter,and as much red Saunders ; beat them well together in a Mortar, and then make it into four or five balls, and put them down the horfes throat. Pills of fomewhat ftrong nature, are to take a handful of Rolemary- leaves, and chopping them fmall, mix them with a quarter of a pound of fweet butter, and then making it into round balls, give them unto the horfe: or elfe take round peices of raw Melons, and thruft them down the horfes throat: or elfe to take five green Figs, and put them down the horfes throat. «3*The ftrongeft pill is this: Take of Lard two pound,laid in wa-
ter 2 hours, then take nothing but a quarter of a pound of the clean fat thereof, and ftamp it in a Mortar, and thereto put of Liquorilh, of Annifeeds, and of Fenugreek,; of each beaten into powder, one ounce and a half, of Aloes likewife in, powder one ounce, of Agarick half an ounce, knead all thefe together like a pafte,and make there- of four or five balls, and give it the Horfe. The laft recited Pill is Angular good for the dry Cough, and all the other Pills are moll fb- v veraign for all infirmities of the head, which grow either from flegm, Melancholy, or any other cold or moift caufe whatfoever. Now for Purgations, which are the ftrongeft cleanfers of the body,they be thefe: take two ounces of Myrrh, and mix it with a pint of Wine, and it will purge all ficknefs which proceedeth of Choler: the ligns S 2 whereof
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120 Of Cures fhyftcaL Lib. I.
......__ ■■'-. .1 i—.1.. . ... ■...
whereof are, his belly will fwell, be very hot, and be can neither
dung nor break wind. Take a pint of Wine?nd beat a raw Egg therein, and add to it a quarter of an ounce of Brimflone, and half an ounce of Myrrh beaten to powder, and give it the horfe luke- warm, and it will purge all inward Difeafes proceeding of Melan- choly. Two fpoonfuls of the powder Diapente, given with half a pint of Swines greafe, purgeth all Difeafes proceeding of Flegrch Take as much black Soap as a Walnut, a quart of new Milk, and a. quarter of a pint of Sallet-oyl, and give it the horfe lukewarm, and it purgeth all cold infirmities, but maketh the horfe exceeding fick. Take the guts of a Tench or Barbel,beingeut into little fmall pieces, and give it the horfe in a quart of White wine, and it will purge the horfe from all coftiveneis or pain in the Guts. Rye being boiled, fo that it burft not, then dried again, and given the horfe inftead of Provender, purgeth and killeth all manner of Worms, Take- of Ra- difli roots one ounce, of the Root called Panax, and of Scamony, of each half an ounce, beat all thefe together, and boyl them in a quart of honey, Then give the horfe two fpoonfuls of this in a quart of Ale lukewarm to drink, and it will purge all grofs humours, from whence proceedeth either the falling eviT, oranydifeafe of the brains Takeand boyl Elicampane Roots in Milk till they be foft, that you may bruife them to pap, and then adding thereto half a pint of Sallet-Oyly give it the horfe to drink lukewarm, and this will purge and cleanfe any kind of Glanders. Take of fweet Soap a quarter ©f a pound, and make it into three balls, and give them to the horfe, and it will purge all evil humours whatsoever, both violently, and moft abundantly., CHA P. CIJ;
' r<&moftexcelkntrare fcouring for any horfe>fick^or found, andeffeciallyfor
running or•■hunting hrfes, whofe greafe muftneceffarilybe mslten* FOrafmueh as the greateft Art which doth belong to the Keeper
eitherof Running or hunting horfesr confifteth mthe taking away from the horfe his grofs glut and fat, which not only offend- «th the vital pans, but alfo ftoppeth up the Conduits and VefTels of wind,and that it cannot any way be done, but by fcouring after ex- ercife j you fliall underffiandj that thebeftof all fcourings, which. IfiShiiitkcta been approved j, is this>, whichI will here fet down: YOO:
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Lib. I. Of Cures Pbyfical. j
You fhall take twenty Raifins of the Sun, and pick out the Hones,
and ten Figs, which you fnall flit in the midft round-wile, boyl them in a pottle of running water till the water be confumed, and thickned: then take the powder of Licoras, Annifeeds, and Sugar- candy finely fears'd, and mix it with the Raifins and Figs, flamping and working them together till it be brought to a ItifF pafte, then making round balls thereof of a pretty bignefs, roll and cover them all over with fweet butter, and give fo many of-them unto the horfe as. you fhall think meet for his ftrength ; provided that the day be- fore, you mull give your horfe fuch exercife as will be fare to melt his greafe, and that immediately before you give him this Medicine,. you alfo warm him throughly, that the humours being again ftirred up, the Medicine may work more effectually. CHAP. CHI.
Of Neezjng or Fumigation, and the life thereof.
THere is yet alfo another manner of purging of a horfe, and
efpecially his head, and that is, by forcing him to Neeze or fnort violently at his nofe, calling forth all filthy, and grofs matter which otherwife will offend and oppreft the brain •-, and this Neezing is wrought fometimes by fumes or fmoaks, fometimes by powders, and fometimes by Oyls, the fharpnefs of which, tickling the tender and quick parts of the head, do compel this Porting and Neezing: Surely there is no purgation more wholfome, for as it cleanfeth and feparateth grofs matter,foitcomforteth&maketh ftrong the brain. Now to come unto particular medicines which do procure this nee* Zing, they be'thefe: Squirt into a horfes noflrils either mans urine which is old, or the urine of an Ox which hath had much re.fl, and it will force a horfe to neeze, and is mofl wholfome for any quo- tidian Fever. Take the powder of Gumdragant, Eufens, and da* mask Rofes well mixt together, and blow it with a Quill into the "orfes Noflrils, and it is good either againfl the Fever in Summer or Winter, Take warm Vinegar and fquirt it into his Noflrils, and it is comfortable againfl the Fever which cometh by raw digefliorr. Take Garlick ftalks a handful) being broke into little.pieces,and a good quantity of Erankincenfe, and being put upon a>Chafing- difh ajid.Coals, hold the Ghafingdifh:under the horfes Noflrils, To that.the fume may afcend up into his head: and this is moil ex* cdleflfc
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j -2 'Of Luia fhyficd. Lib, I.
~eUent asainfl the Head-arh. Take Feathers and Brimftone, and
burn, them on a Chafing-difh of coals under the horfes Nofe : or blow Pepper and Perithree beaten to powder up into his Noftrils, either of thcfe are moft excellent againft the deeping evil. Take the powder of Mother-wort,and blow it up into the horfes Noftrils, and't is good againft the falling-evil. Take two Goofes-feathers anointed over with Oil de Bay, and thruft them up and down in the Horfes Noftriis .• or elfe take Sage, Penny-royal, and Wheat, long fodden together, and put into a bag as hot as may be, which bag would be fo clofe faftned to the horfes head, that all the fmoak and favour thereof may afcend up into his Noftrils: Or take a Clout anointed with Sope or Oyl de Bay, and rub it up and down his Noftrils as high as may be. Any of all thefe, or ah thefe together are moft excellent againft any cold, poze, or other obftruftions in the h°ad. Take Orpiment and Sulphur, and burn them on the coals, and hold it under the horfes Nofe: or take Oil de Bay, Euforbium, and white Hellebore, and anointing two Feathers therewith, thruft them up into the horfes Noftrils: both thefe ar« good againft the ^Take of the ftalksof Briony, of wild Vine, two handfuls, and
bruife them betwixt two ftones, and being fo bruifed, put them into a linnen bag, & fatten the bag fo to the horfes head that the fcent may eo up into his Noftrils without touching the herb with his Mouth, and this is excellent-againft the mourning of the Chine, or any in- ward Cough. Take of Rofemary,of Nard,and of Sage,dned and bea- ten into fine powder,of each a like weight, & with a cjuill blow them up into the horfes Noftrils,or take the powder of white Pepper,or of Salt Niter,or of Iris Ilirica,or black Eleboris, and blow tnem with a Quill up into the horfes Noftrils: or take Linnen chopt, dipt in the drees of Oyl, and fetting it on fire, then fuddenly put it out again, and let the fmoak afcend up into the horfes Noftrils: or fquirt into his Noftrils Ariftolochia mixt with wine: or Salt niter mixt with water, or Salt and Roch-Allora mixt with Wine, or take ground Ivy beaten fmall,and thruft up into his Nofe: or Bay-berries beaten fmalJ, and burnt on the coals under the horfes Nofe .• Or a coal oj fire put into a lump of wet Hay, making a fmothenng fmoak, and held under the horfes nofe. And all of thefe are moft excellent agamit any Difeafe of the Head, efpecially Staggers, Colds, Glanders, Strangle and fiich like. Yet |
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Lib. I, Of Cures fbyftcal. 133
<& Yet ail thefe have their feveral imperfections: The belt
Fames then of all others whatfoever, is, to take the bell Olibanum, Storax,and Benjamine,and bruiting them grofly together, burn them under the Horfes Nofe. CHAP- CIV.
Of Fritlions and Bathes^ and of their feveral ufes.
FRictions'or Bathes, are a certain rubbing, anointing, or bathing
of a Horles body all over, efpecially againft the hair, becaufe the Medicine may fink in fo much the better, with Comfortable and Sovereign Unguents, whole vertues do loofen the skin, chear up the inward fpirits, and fpread a lively heat and feeling over the whole body : and of Fridtions, both according to the opinion of the old Farriers and alfo of the belt of this prefe it age,thefe are the molt fo- veraign. Take of Damask Rofes one pound, of old Oyl one pint, of ftrong Vinegar a pint and a half,ofMint and Rue,beaten into powder of each one ounce and a half, together with one old dry Nut, beat them,and mingle them well together: then b;ing {trained and made lukewarm, if itJbe in the Summertime, and that the Sun fhine hot, take the horfe abroad ■■, but if otherwife, keep him in the Stable, and heating a Bar of Iron exceeding hot,hold it over,and on each fide the horfe, and with the Ointment rub and chafe the horfe all over againfl the hair, until the horfe begin to fweat; then cloath the Horfe very warm, and let him Hand. This Fri&ion is excellent a- gainft all Winter Feavers, or any inward ficknefs that cometh of Cold- Take of black Elleborus two or three handfuls, and boy 1 it in a fuincient quantity of ftrong Vinegar, and with that rub and chafe all the horfes head and body quite over once or twice a day, and it is molt excellent againft Frenzie, Madnefs,or any drynefs, or Scalinefs of the Skin, ni*- Take Oil de Bay, or Dialthea and anoint all the horles body
all over therewith, holding a pan of coals, or a hot Bar of Ironnear the Oyntment, to make it.fink in} or elfe make him a bathe of Running water, wherein is boiled Rue, Wormwood^ Sage, Juniper, Bay-leaves, and Hyffop, and bathe all his body therewith .* Either of thefe are molt foveraigft for the mourning of'the. Chine,., or any Difeafe of the Liver, Lungs, or Spleen, Take; Wine and Oyh and; having raixt them together., chafe and rub the. horfes; body there-- |
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^ Of Cures fkyficd. Lib, L
with* and it is molt foveraign for any inward ficknefs, efpecia lly the
Liver. To bathe a horfe in Salt water is very wholfome, b oth for the horfes skin, and alfo for any Difeafe in the ftomach. Laftly, take of Mallows, of Sage, of each two or three handfuls,
and a Rofe-cake, boylthem together in water, then being boy led till the water be all confuraed, add a good quantity of Butter, or Sallet-Oyl, and mixing them together, bathe all the horfes four Legs therewith, and all the parts of his body alfo : and there is nothing more foveraign for a horfe that hath been tyred or over travelled. To let blood, and with that blood, and Oyl, and Vinegar, prefently to anoint his body, helps moft forts of infirmi- ties- CHAP. CV.
General Drenches or Medicines for all the inward Difeafes or Surfeits
in Horfes. K^nr^Here is no Medicine more foveraign for all difeafes which
JL breed in a horfes body,then to take half an ounce of the pow- der called Diapente, and brew it either with a pint of Sack, if it be for Colds, as Muskadine, if it be for heart ficknefs, and fo give it the horfe to drink failing in the morning .• and. do this at leaft three mornings together, efpecially when the Horfe beginneth firft to droop. The next to this, is, to take of Selladine two handfuls,both Root and Leaves, chop them and bruife them •• then take of Rue as much, as Red Sage and Mint as much, and of Aloes half an ounce: boyl thefe in a pottle of Beer or Ale till the one half be confumedj and then give it the horfe luke-warm to drink. Take four ounces of Diapente, and mix it with four ounces of
clarified honey, and keep it in a clofe Glafs, and give half an ounce thereof with a pint of fweet wine to the horfe to drink, and it isan excellent Drench. Take of Liquorifh on ounce,of Annifeeds,Cumin- feeds, Elicampane Roots, of each half an ounce, of Turmerick and Bays, of each a quarter of an ounce, of long Pepper and Fenugreek, of each two drams, beat thefe fmall and fearfe them, and put five fpoonfuls thereof into a quart of Ale warmed with aTittle butter or Oyl, and it is very foveraign for any difeafe coming of old caufes, Take a quart of good Ale or Wine, A raw Egg beaten and mingled with twelve fcruplesof quick Sulphur, and four fcmplesof Myrrh made
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Lib. I. Of Cures Vhyfical. j
made into powder,and give it the horfe to drink, it is a good drench.
The powder of Brimftone mixt with fweet Wine, Js a good drench alfo. The Root of the Sea Onion, the Roots of Poplar, called the Greek Rhamnos,mingled with common Salt,givenin water,keepeth the Horfe long in health- Take fine powder of Fenugreek, and bruife it, feeth it in water till it wax thick, add a pouud of fweet Butter, an ounce of Linfeed Oyl, and as much of the Oil of Nuts: mingle them well together, and give it the Horfe in three or four days to drink, by a pretty quantity at a time. Selladine limply of it felfV or Rue Cm ply of it felf, boyled in Beer or Ale, and as much JBrimftone as a Walnut, is an excellent drench for any long taken furfeit. Garlick ancLHoufleek beaten together in a Mortar,and then boyled in Beer or Ale from a pottle to a quart, then mixt with Liquorifh, Annifeeds, and Surgar-candy, and a pretty quantity of Sallet-Oil, is an excellent drench for any inward ficknefs, which doth proceed from hot canfes, as is the Frenzy,the Anticor,and fuch like. ■And thus much of general Drenches, and their ufes. CHAP. GVi.
How to mak$ the Powder called Diafente;
THis word DIAPENTE is as much as to fay,Compofition of five
_ fimples: for' the Receipt is thus compounded. Take of Gentian, of Ariftolochia, of Bay berries, of Myrrh, and of the (ha- vings of Ivory.of each a like quantity, beat them into very fine pow- der, and then fearfeit. This powder is praiied to be a Soveraign Preservative or Medicine againft all inward Difeafes .• And therefore I would wifli every Farrier, and all fuch as are the Mailers of good Horfes never to be without it. CHAP. CV1I.
A moji famous Receipt, which is both a jingitUr Drench And finguUv
Oyntment^ called of the It duns AccojtPtm. ■
TAke of Euforbium half an ounce, of Caftoreum one ounce, of
Adraces half a quarter of a pound, Bdellium half an ounce, and half a quarter,of pepper a quarter of a pound, Fox greafe halfan ounce,Opoponax one ounce,Laferpitium, three quarters of an ounce, T Amoniacum
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i"jf Of Cures fhyftcal. Lib. I.
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Amoniacum half a quarter of a pound> Pidgeons dung as much, Gal-
banum half an ounce, Nitrum one ounce one quarter, Spuma Nitri three quarters of an ounce, Laudanum a full quarter of a pound, Perethrum and Bay-berries, of each three quarters of an ounce, Cardanum two ounces,Seed of Rue, half a quarter of a pound,Seed of Agnus Caftus ose ounce, Parfley half an ounce, dryed Roots of Ireos, or Flower-de-Luce, one ounce one quarter, Hyflbp aad Car- pobalfamum a quarter of a pound, Oyl of Flower-de-luce a quartet of a pound, and half a quarter, Oyl de bay as much, Oyl of Spike- nard three quarters of a pound, Oleum Cyprinum three quarters of a pound, and half a quarter, the oldeft Oyl Olive one pound and a% half, Pitch a quarter ot a pound and two ounces, Turpentine a quar-% ter of a pound, melt every one of thele that will melt,feveral]y by themfelves, and then mingle them together with the reft of the Sim- ples beaten into fine powder; and after that they have been a little boyled on the fire, take it off, and ftrain it into a fair Veflel, and whenfoever you will give your Horfe any thereof, give it him with Wine, or four or five fpoonfnls with a pint of Sack or Muskadine: and if with long keeping it waxeth any thing ftiffor hard, then {"oft- en it with the Oyl of Cyprefs, fo that it may be good and thick. This Confettion is both a Medicine and an Oyntment, if you put
it in the Horfes Noftrils, it will draw out all noifom Humours, and difcharge hi* head of all griefs: if you anoint his body therewith,it healeth all Convulfions, Colds, and Drinefs, or Withering of the Body \ and if you bathe his Limbs therewith, it driveth away all wearinefsand tiring j and if you give it him with Wine to drink, it cureth all kind of inward Maladies. C H A P. CVIII.
How to make the Oyl of Oats, TAke of Milk two Gallons, and warming it on the Rre, put
thereto a quarter of a pound of burnt-Allom,which will make it run of Cards, then take out the Curd and call it away •, Then ftrain the Whey through a cbarfe Cloath in a clean VefTel: Then take a quarter of a peck of clean husked Oats that were never dried, and put them in the Whey, and fet them on the fire till the Oats burft, and be foft •, then take them off* and put them into a Cullen- der that is full of holes* f© that the Whey may go gently fr«w» tnena
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/ Lib. I. Of Cures ^byfical. 137
them without any preffiog ( for you muft keep the Oats as moift as
may be: ) this done,put the Oats in a Frying-pan,and fet them over the fire, ftirring them continually till you lee the Vapour or fmoak of them not afcend upwards, but as it were run about the Pan, then fuddenly take them off, and putting them into a Prefs, prefs them moft exceedingly, and look what cometh from them, is only the Oyl of them, which you muft fave in a clofe Glafs. Now there are other more Artifical and curious Ways to diftil and Extract this Oyl, but this of all other is the moft eafieft and fureft for every mean capacity. This Oyl of Oats is of all Medicines, and Simples .whatfoever the moft excellent and foveraign for a Horfes Body, as being extracted from the moft natural, wholfome, and beft Food Which doth belong unto a Horfes Body. This Oyl being given by four or five fpoonfuls at a time in a pint of fweet Wine, or a quart of ftrong Ale, or fome of the whey poured into the horfes Noftrils, doth cure the Glanders before all other Medicines. It is alfo (gi- ven in the fame manner ) the beft of all Purgations j for it purgeth away all thofe Venemous and filthy humours, which feedeth the moft incurable Farcy whatfoever. And for mine own part, as long as I can conveniently come by this Oyl of Oats, fo long will I never •n any Medicine whatfoever, ufe any other Oyl or Un&ious matter than it only; I having found by experience, that it is the Sovereign, of all Simples of that kind, whatfoever they be. CHAP. CIX.
Certain brief Obfervations to be obferved at home and abroad, wbilfi the
Horfe is in Health,
THefe Obfervations now following, are gathered from the moft
exaft Principles, and infallible grounds of the beft and fureft approved Horfe-men, either of this Kingdom, or any other Nation within Chriftendom. Firft then, for the general feeding of your Horfe when he is in
health, you fhall feed him with Straw, Hay, Oats, fine little wheat, Beans, Barley, bread made of Beans, Peafe, or Fitches, or any other Meat that fwells not in the Horfes Body. It is the Opinion of Camerarius, firft to give Provender, then
Hay and laftly water =/ but our Engliih cuftom is. firft Hay and then watered laftly Provender. T % In
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138 Of Cures nyfical. Lib. I.
In your travel feed your Horfe betimes for all night, that thereby
the Horfe may fooner take his reft. The quantity of Provender which you fhall give your Horfe at
one time, fhall be as much as you ean hold in the palm of both your hands at fix times, or three pints by meafure. Horfes Bread which is made of clean Beans, clean Peafe, or clean
Fitches, feedeth exceedingly. Let your Horfes Meat and Drink be exceeding fweet and clean,
yet his water by no means extream cold, running water from the Rock; for it pierceth too much. To rub your Horfes mouth with Salt and Wine, will make him.
both eat and drink with a much better Appetite. Let your Horfe neither eat when he is not, nor drink when he is
hot, nor prefently after his travel. Labour your Horfe moderately, when the weather is either ex-
tream hot, or extream cold, that fo you may avoid extream heats, < or fudden colds. Travel not your horfe too late, that your own eye may fee hira
well dried, and well fed before you take your own reft. Never take your Saddle from your horfes back fuddenly.
Lend not your horfe, left your felf walk on foot.
Let your Horfe lye clean and dry, keep your Stable fweet, let no
Swine lye near it, nor let any Pullen come within it. Let your horfe be ever tied with two Reins.
Let the light of your Stable be ever towards South and North,yet
& as the North windowsmay in the winter be fhut clofe at pleafure, and opened in the Summer to give frefh air. Ride your horfe oft a little on Money ways, that he may the bet-
ter feel his feet, and harden his hoofs. Have ever near your ftable fome clofe plain Green,, diat your horfe
being let loofe he may oft tumble himfelf thereon. Let your horfes bed be of foft fweet Straw, fomewhat above his
knees, of which Wheat ftraw is the belt- for though Barley ftraw be the fofteft, yet a horfe will covet to eat it, and it is unwholfom, and Wheat ftraw is not unwholfometo eat, yet it ishard'to lyeup- -on: as for Oat-ftraw it is the beft in the Superlative,' for it is both wholfom to eat, and foft to lie upon. Curry or drefs your horfe twice a day, that is before water, and
when he is curried, rub him with your hand, and with aRuhber; his
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Lib. I. Of Cures <Phyfical.
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his head would be rubbed with a wet Cloath, and his Cods made
clean with a dry Cloath : his Fore-top, his Mane, and his Tailj would be often wet with a wet Main comb, and ever where the jhorfes hair is thinneft, there curry the gentleft. Let the Plaunehes of your Stable lye even and level, that your
Hdrfe may (land at his eafe, and not prove lame by too much op- prefilng his hinder parts. Let not any Mad-wall be within your Horfes reach, for he will
naturally covet to eat it, and nothing is more unwholfom. Give your horfe plenty of Garbage (which is chopt wheat-ftraw)
both with his Provender, and without. Let your Hay-bottles be very little, and tied very hard : for fo
your horfe (hall eat with the belt ftomach, and make the leaft wafte. Tofprinkle water upon your Hay, ismoft wholfom,and to fprin-
kleFenugreek upon your Provender,is as foveraign t the fkft is good for the Wind, the latter for Worms. Give your Horfe daily exercife, for that gets the beffc ilorriach to
his meat. Purge your Horfe once a year with Grafs, or with green blades
of Corn, called Forrage, for fifteen days together ; yet before you purge hitrij in any cafe let him blood y and whilft he is iifpurging, by no means let him have any Provender. A Horfe after travel hath ever more blood than any Bead what-
foever; Green grafs or Forrage cleanfeth the blood, encreafeth ftrength,
healeth Difeafes, avoideth Melancholly, helpeth the horfes growth, and maketh the skin fmooth: whilft the horfe is at foy.l,by no means let him take cold. The Northern man watreth two hours before he rideth at the
leaft, then lets the horfe eat a little-hay, then gives Provender, but not much, and bridleth the horfe up a quarter of an hour before he rideth : at Night he watereth two Miles before he taketh his Lod- g'ng-,then rideth eafily y he neither walketh his Horfe, nor Ituffeth him, nor loofeth any Girt, but only rubbeth him very clean, andfo lets him bite upon his Bridle half an hour after, with good ftoreof Litter under him j then he gives the horfe Hay,, and after Proven- der, before he goeth to water again (yet but a Little) then fee the Horfe throughly well dreflfed and rubbed, well littered and moft iufiiciently meatcd- Therg
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1.4.0 Of Cum (Pkyfical. Lib. I.
There be others which walkafter Labour, then rub well,Littereth
and unbridleth i both which be good, fo that the one have not too much walking, nor the other coo cold a liable. Buthowfoever,ftufF not your horfe backwards, but betwixt his fore Legs, and foremolt girt: For backward Ituffing is perillous, left drawing his Yard when he would ftale,he draw back in his Iheath any of the Litter that ftops him. The Northern man's ufe agreeth with the French Principles, which faith, Ufe no ether walking than your felf on your horf-back by riding him gently till you come at your Inn, and fo make him cold, then fhake Litter under him, rub his Legs, his Belly, and every part of his body well,till he be dry, then unbridle him, rub his head well, and give him hay-v flack no girt till it benight, that the Win- dows be lhut \ fufFer the horfe to drink but a little at once,to avoid fudden cooling of the ftomach: or driving the horfe into a making Fever: At night rub and curry well,and feed according to the h orfes ftomach. Other good Farriers ride gently till the horfes finews be chafed,
and never water in travail till the horfe have ftaled, and forbear to travel him faft before he hath drank, that he may not drink in his great heat, and they hold the ftanding water the belt, after water for a Mile they ride foftly till his water be warmed in his Belly, and be- fore they come to their Inn they do not water, nor of an hour after they have unbridled j then they cloath well, and give Provender, having a care that their horfes ftand not in the wind, and that they have been rubbed dry and clean. Now all thefe Principles are ex- ceeding good, yet I would wilh every traveller to learn how his horfe hath been ufed, and that cuftom (if it be not too much againft reafon) ftill to follow. If you come late to your Inn, and that your Journey be great and
earneft, fo that your horfe will not eat till he have drank, And yet is hot notwithftanding, then let his drink be Milk given in the dark, left the whitenefs make him refufe it: this is both cordial and plea- fant: If you cannot get Milk enough, then mingle Milk with water lukewarm, for no drink fhoufd be given a horfe hotter. If your horfe either by Labour or any lurfeits be brought low,
lean, and weak, you lhall give him Mares milk to drink many days together, and it will make him ftrong. It is not/good towalh your horfe, efpecially if he be either hot or
very fat: Qtherwife you may waflj his Legs above his knees* fo that
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Lib. I. Of Cures Tbyfical.
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that in no cafe you wa(h his Belly, and that you ride him a good
round pace after his wafhing, then by no means walk him, but fet him up and drefs him- the purer the water is wherein you wafh your horfe, the more wholfome it is, fo that it be not too extream cold. The belt hours to wafh your horfe in, ( when he lives at reft ) is
betwixt feven and eight in the morning, and four or five in the Evening- When you travel at every fteep hill light, both to refrefh your
horfe and your felf- Let a fat or hot horfe Have his water at four times, and not fo
much as he will drink at once; give him provender twice at Night, and but once in the morning y let his Cloath neither be too hot, nor with ftraw to much fluffed: when heeateth good hay, let him have lefs Provender then when he eateth ftraw: give his Meat by little at once to avoid glutting of him, and let him ftand two hours every day without Meat. Rubbing much, hard, and well, doth profit, preferve, and doth
keep both Strength of Body and Legs; for in rubbing and com- bing a horfe doth take much delight, and it doth better than much Meat. To feed with Barly (according to the opinion of the antient Ita-
lians) ingendreth good blood,, increafeth ftrength and courage> and maintaineth health j but with us here in England-, we find Oats to be much better feeding. In the Dog-days it is not wholfome to ride your horfe oft in the
water to allay his natural heat. The Mailers eye to fee his horfe well curried, and with the hand
well rubbed, and well meated, and the Stable fweet andcleankept jnreferveth health, and wonderfully feedeth the horfe. Cleanfe and pick the folesand bottoms of your horfes feetoft,andi
ftuffthem well with Ox-dung, anoiot his hoofs with frefh Greafe, Tar, or Turpentine. Much reft is the Mother andNurfeof many Difeafes.
When you Ride look often to your Saddle,and your borfes (hoes?.
and you fhall find more eafein your journey. |
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CLH A R>.
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Of Cures fhyfical. Lib. I.
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CHAP. CX.
Certain [fecial Principles in Foals and in Horfes.
THE Foals whofe Legs be long will ever be tall} for of all Beaffs
their Legs in length ever grow the leatr, and by the bignefs of their Legs you (hall guefs the Strength and greatnefs of their bodies. Let your Colts, if you can poffibly, never be houfed till they be
paft three years old. The Greek horfe (which we call the Turkey Horfe) is a rnoft
excellent horfe, fwift, bold, well headed, tall and ftrong •, many of them be White, fome Bay, fome. Sorrel, and fome Black. The Arabian Horfe is mofl fwift, and moll beautiful-
The Horfe of Africa, which we call the Barbary Hor le, is of good
courage, fwift, and nimble, and therefore both the Turky Horfe and he mull be ufed with all lenity and gentlenefs, and not with:beating. The Frie.zeland Horfe is fiery, yet the worft of any.
The Flemifh Horfe is worfe than the Friezeland.
The SpanifhGennetisgood, fwift, and light.
The Neopolitan Courfer for all ufes is moll excellent and beau-
tiful. Obferve to win your Horfe by patience and gentlenefs, and never
be angry or mad with your horfe, if he be of great mettle; only the dull horfe muft with, much beating be quickned and inflamed. Anoint your Bit when you put it firfl into your Horfes mouth*
with Honey, and the powder of Liquorifb, or elfe with Honey and Salt, and at no time put any Bit or Snaffle into your Horfes mouth before you have wafht it. Never take your Horfes back before you have the Bridle Reins
fail in your hands, and when you walk down any Hill, by no means drive your horfe loofe before you. If your horfe have a long back, let him have a large Saddle, and
if he have a low back, let the Saddle have a high Seat, and if his back be ftiort,; let the Bolflers ftand the nearer and cloler together. .If your Horfe be dull, you mull fpur him foundly, and after fuch
fpurring rub his fides with Salt. CHAP.
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Lib. I. Of Cures fbyfical. 14.3
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C HAP. CXI.
Certain general Obfervations concerning Mares,
IN length and height, a Mare groweth till (he be five years old,and
a fiotk till be he fix. When a Mare is paft two years old (hemay.be covered} but the
beft time is after (our years old- Common Mares may bring Foals every year, but let your beft Mares bring but every fecond -year, efpecially if they bring horfe* Colts. After covering by no means travel your Mares.
To get horfe Colts, cover before the- full of the Mo'on,and when
thefign is a Female : and to gee Mare-Colts cover after the full, and in the Male figns: for note it, there be twelve figns, fix Male, and fix Female. To make a Mare ftand to her horfing, fet her by the horfe two or
three days, that he may much defire, and be acquainted before he cover her : After bring them out, and let him ferve her, and have ready a pail of water, which, when the horfe (hrinketh from her, pour upon the Ridge of the Mares back, then fet them fo far afun- der as that the one may not hear the other: do this three mornings, and three evenings together, then let her not come near the horfe af- ter, till (he be knit, leit thedefireof him again, make her to fhoot out that which (he kept before. To know whether your Mare be with Foal about Chriftmas, or
no, pour a little water into her ear, and if (he only (hake her head, (he is then with Foal, but if (he (hake both head and body alfo, (he is not with Foal. When jou wean your Foals, take them from the Mares four days
before the full of the Moon» and after the Foals have fb remained four and twenty hours, let them again fuck till they wax very full • * then remove them for altogether, and the next Morning give every one three flips of Savin, and fo after let them have till they be three years old, with all plenty of Meat abroad, rather than in the Stable. Let your Stallion for Trotteri be either Neapolitan Courfer, cr
Arabian, Turk, or Barbary, and for Amblers, either.the Spanifh Jennet or thelrifh #obby. Put your Mares to the horfe, from middle March to middle May-,
U or
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144 $ ^uns ^bficd- -Lib. I.
or middle June., the Moon having newly changed.
It is good to put the Horfeand the Mare for three or four nights
together in feme waft empty houfe, and in the.Morning take the horfe away and feed him well; but feed your Mare fparingly, efpe- cially give her a little water. At the end of fix months, by po means chafe your Mares •, for then
they are quickning, and may eaftly be made co caft their Foals. The Wall-eye either in Mare or Horfe, doth never fee perfectly,
efpecially when there is any Snow on the ground. A Mare goeth with Foal eleven Months and ten days.
Let your Mare be of a mean ftature,large and broad, and of good
" fhapes; and the Stallion of like fhape, but fomewhat taller ^ and
temper their natures thus; put unto the hot Horfe the cool Mare,
and to the hot Mare the cool HoTfe : And let your ground wherein
you breed, be dry, hilly,and with running ftreams in it-
CHAP. CXII.
Certain fpecid Notes to be obfervtdin the buying of a Horfe.
Flrft, mark his colour and his fhape, that is to fay, a comely well
proportioned head, with an out looking eye, good well raifed moulders,, av.d a thick large Breaft, broad* brawn, large and brord flat Legs, fhort Pafterns, and little feet : for long Patterns fhew weaknels, and broad feet fhew dulnefs :, feel if he have no Glanders between his Chaps,no Splents,Curbnor Spaven; look he be not pur- fickor broken winded, put your hand before his eyes, to know if he fee well. Look into his Mouth for his age: if he be paft eight years old, feel all down he. ftrunt of his Tayl with your hand, and if you feel that it be fmoqth,then the horfe is not very old, but if it have a- ny rough knobs towards the end, buy him not for his good daytire paft. Let him run at the halters end, for if he be lame f having that liberty J he would favour that Leg which is amifs, and not lean upon it. If he turn up the white of his Lye, or lay hiseartohisNeck when he is ridden, Iieisafullen Jade, and full of naughty Qualities : If when you ftir him in the liable, he ftare and look back upon you with a flout Countenance, itisa Token of goedftomach in him , and great aptnefs to be taught \ if he ftir the end of his Tail as he pafleth out. and h ridden, and yet doth not whisk-it, it fheweth that his pace is unperfed } be fure to fee him turn as fhort as may be,that you
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■ --■■■— . ___________________________________________
Lib. I. Of Cum (pbyfecal. 14.5
you may know whether he be fwayed ia the back or no: the middle
ftature is the beft, and the Ihort knit horfe is the ftrongeft. The Wall Eye everfeeth worft. The hsrfe that is of nature gentle, fwift, light, nimble, of eafie
pace, and good colour, ftrong feet, good loyns, fpeedy in earing, and good at his Provender, is ever the beft for ufe, and the readieft money in the Market at all times.See if the hair in the Spurring place be white, for itargueth flownefs and Ipur-galling. The Horfe that will paw and beat the ground with his Foot when
he is flayed from going forwards, is ever like to be good and dura- ble in Travel. Many other notes th«re are that are needlefs to rehearfe, which by
the obferving of thefe will ea'fily come into your memory. CHAP. CXIII.
General Notes ctncerning fome Simfles already fpokenof.
ALL manner of Marrows or Piths, of what kind foever they be,
muft be kept by themfelves in a dry cool place, and preferved , fromall filth or uncleannefs, and from the annoyance either of wind or fire, and fo they will laft fully out a whole year* . You fhall keep no Syrups nor fweet Electuaries, nor Pills, nor
Powders, nor Conferves of Flowers, nor any Oyntments, Suets, or Emplaifters, above one whole year, only bitter Electuaries, or con- ferves of Fruits or Roots, will laft fully out two Years. Of Oyls fome will laft long, fome muft be new made : Oyls Ex-
tracted out of Wood or Metals, wilUaft long. Gather Roots in Autumn, but take the fmall fprigs from them,
and make them clean and dry. Dry fmall Roots in the fhade and Wind, and great Roots either
in the Wind andSun,or by the fire .-lay them in a dry place towards the South, and they will keep long, provided that neither Sun nor rnoifture injure nor hurt them. Gather all manner of Herbs when they do moft flourifh, and dry
them in the fhade, except they be very rnoiftandapt toputrifie j they laft for the moft part a whole year. |
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Gather
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U 2.
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Lib. I.
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Of Cures fhyfical.
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IA.6
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Gather Seeds and Fruits when they be fully ripe; they alfo iaft
^GScTtteWSir bark of any Simple when the herb is ripe:
dry them, and they will lad many Years. |
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The End of the Firft Boo\
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iMaxhfcwh
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|3ft
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Marrams Mafter-Piece.
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THE
SECOND BOOK.
CONTAINING
<M Cures Cljpcursical
O R,
Such Infirmities as being only outward, crave the
life of thymrgery^ and are called in Horfleach- Craft, HORSES SO RANGES.
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Newly Imprinted, Corrected and Enlarged with many no-
table Additions, and moil certain approved Medicines, never revealed before this Impreffion. |
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Written by GerVa/e Markham, Gent.
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LONDON, Printed by John Richardfon for M. Wotton and George Comers, at
the Time Daggers in Fleet-jlreet, near the Inner Temple-Gate; and at the Golden Ring in Little Bfittain, i<5p4.
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Lib. II. 149
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Mar\ham's M after-Piece.
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THE
SECOND BOOK
CONTAINING
All Cures Chyrurgical, orfich Infirmities as be-
ing only outward, crave the Life of {hyrurgery, and are called in Horfe-Leach-Craft, Horfes- Sorances. |
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C H A P. VI.
What proportion of meafare U required in every member of a wfB
fhapen Horfe. ©rafmuchas the great fubftance of tbisArtofChyrurgery,or
fecond part of //orfe Leach-craft, applied only unto out- ward infirmiuesjconfifteth of IncifIons,ca'uterifings,corrod- ings,and difinembrings, as well as of cpmfortings, incarna- tingjcleanujig^conglutinatingjand binding up Members in their true form, and that all jointly, together, go but about to make a True and well-formed body : I think it meeteft that I begin with the true proportion and meafure which is required in every Member of a well (haped £/orfe, that the careful Farrier thereby underfland- ing how, and in what fafhion every Lineament fliould be placed, or what proportion and quantity they do contain, he may at no time through ignorance either difmember or difgracethe fame : As I have
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150 Of Cures fiby/lcal. Lib. I.
have many times feen fimple Farriers do, when contrary to all Are
and Rule, they have cut in funder the main Cords, Sinews, and Tendons, by whichaHorfes Limbs are governed. To begin then, you fhall underftand, that, according to the De-
fcription of the moft antient and worthy Farriers : there are in a horfes palate of his mouth twelve bars or degrees like fteps, one above another, ftandingj (when his mouth is tarned upwards) like a pair of ftairs: his tongue would be haifa foot long, his upper lip fix inches, and his neather lip five inches long; each of his Jaws would be ten inches long, his bead from his Eye* downward, full twelve inches long,his ears five inches long,the circuit or compafs of his Eye four inches about, his Neck, from the Nape of his head unto the Withers would be feven handfuls,from the W ithers to the Fillets twelve handfuls, and from the Fillets to the fetting on of the tail fix handfuls: The length of the fhoulder wo:'Id be twelve inches, and the length of his fhank fix inches, the length ot his hinder hoof would be twelve inches, and his Cambrel five inches, and the length of the whole body from the head to the tayl would be an hundred inches. Now as horfes are bigger or lefTer, fo thefe meafures either exceed, or are lets v neither do I confidently build upon thefe inch- quantities of theantient Farriers, becaufe, 1 having my felfmsafured many horfes,l never yet could find any certainty in the proportions: only this is the moft certain Rule that ever I could find, that look what quantity is between the Nape of the hcrfes Neck, and the ut- termoft part of the Withers., there muft ever be twice fo much be* ■ tween the Withers and the fetting on of the Tail •, and look what quantity is between the top of the fhoulder blade, or top of tne Withers, to .the Elbow of the horfe, it moft be twice fb much from the Elbow to the fetting on of the hoof-, and look how much it is from the top of the hip to the ftifting place, it rmift be twice fo much from the ftiflirg place to the fetting on of the hinder hoof : And this is the certaineft Rule that ever t could find for a horfes tfueft proportion- And therefore for your better fatisfaction, behold this picture that is now here placed, which is the Anatomy of a moft per- fect horfe, with lines drawn from e:,ery Member, Directing,and mewing all the outward difeafes or forances, belonging to a horfes body. ,"'.;' |
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152
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Of CWj Cbyrurgical. Lib. 2.
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CHAP. II.
' Of * Tew Mo»H»l to a Horfe, and hob mmy there he.
TT is moft=ncceITary,ttatcverygoodcarcftlFamwknwaUthc,
I Principal Veins in a Horfes Body, efpecialty thofe which m the time of need, or in ficknefs are to be opened; and therefore to begin, you fhall know that from the Liver, which is the Fountain of Blood, both in Man and Beaft, doth arife one main great Conduit or large Vein, which afcending into the body, doth divide it felf into thus many feveral Branches, or letter Rivuets. Firft w.thinthe Palate of his Mouth, above the firft and third ours, are two notable Veins;" which the bell Farriers do touch and ftrike when the Horfe bath any Difefe in his Head, Brain, or Stomach. He hath alfo other two which defcerd down from the lower pans of his eyes unto his Noftrils * and are ever opened for any grief in the Eyes. He hath two others which are above the Eyes, and run.crofs tr.e Pern* pies of his head, and are called the Temple*Veins, which are like. Wife opened for all manner of cold Difeafes in the head ; he hath al- fo two great main Veins running along each fide of the Wind-pipe, even from the uppermofl: joint of his neather Chap down to the Breafr which are called the Neck vein?, and are thofe which are or- dinarily opened for any dileafe whatfoever. He. hath then two Veins which arife upwards from between his Fore legs to the top of his Br^aft and are called the Breaft-veins, and they are opened when the Horfe hath any Fever, or is fick at heart. He hath other two which Ukewife afcend from between the Fore-legs, bat do not amount fa ' high as the Breaft-veins,but reft upon the formoft Bough of the fore- lee a«d they be called the Plat-veins, and they be opened either for fbundrinp, or other grief in the Limbs. He hath other two Veins which r un down from the Elbow of the Fore-iboulder, down all along theinfideof the Fore-legs and are called the Shank-veins, which are opened for Splents, Mallander, or fuch like. He- hath then four Veins which run along the Fetlocks of the horfe, and are called the Shackk-veins, which albeit they arebutimall, yet they are many times opened for ftifFnefs in the joynts, or for tyring : then he hath fcur veins about the cronets in his hoofs, and are called the Cronet- veins, and are opened for foundring ia the Feet, or for Ring-bones: then
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....... . .;.;■ .....t...... ...... ;...... _ _ lb,
Ijfe. 2. Of Cures CbjrurgicaL 15,5
then he hath four Veins within his four hoofs, running about his
Toes, and are called the Toe-Veins, .and are only opened for found- ring or frettizing in the Feet: He hath then two main great Veins. which de'fcend from his Stones along the in-fide of his Thighs to his Cambrel, and are called the Kidney-veins, which are only ope- ned for Difeafes in the Kidneys: He hath then two other Veins which defcend from above the hinder Cambrels, all along the icfi ik of the hinder Legs down to the Fet-locks,and are called the Spaven- veins, which are opened for £he Blood-fpaven only : He hath then two; Veins in his. Flanks, which are. called the Flank-veins, arid are opened for any grief intheReins.or Fillets: He hath then two veins in his hinder Hanchcs, called the Hanch-veins, and are opened for any manner of Confumption of the flelh, or fuch like : Then he hath two Veins which run along his fide, even from the Elbow or the Tore-Leg unto the Flank, and are called the Spur-Veins, and are opened for Fcundring or Spur-galling.. Laftly, he hath one fingle Vein in his Tail, which is called the Tail-vein, and is opened for the fhedding of the hair or manginefs. So there is in the Horfe's Eody of Principal Veins, which upon occafion mull be opened, juft Thirty feven, as you may perceive by this Figure, which is the true Anatomy of all the Principal Veins, and others, in a HorfesBody ; where you are to underftand, that the Letter A flieweth the Ters- ple-vein, B the Eye-veins, C the Palate-veins, D the Neck-veins, E the Breaft-veins, F the Plat-veins, G the Shank-veins, //the Cro- net-veins, /theHoof-veins, K the Spur-veins, L the Kidney-veins, Mthe Spaven-veins, ZVthc Flank-veins, O the Hanch-veins, P the Tail-veins^ ^ and R the Fetlock-veins. Now for the other fmall Threads or Veins, which as it were overfpread the whole Body, be- caufe Nature will allow no Part or Member to be empty or void of Blood ; they be alfo Veins derived from the other main great Veins, yet of no efficacy or force, but fuch as upon any neceffary Incifion may very well be cut afunder without any Flux of Blood, or other' danger : but for the other Matter-veins, they may not be cut but w*£,h great Peril. And thus much for Veins, which are the Inftru- mentsof Htat. |
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I2 C H A P.
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*$tf Of Cures Chyrurgic&l. Vfo. 2.
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going, which is the perfect Anatomy of all the Sinews withia a
Hories £ody,.. and how they are divided. ft -' '
\ C H A P. IV.
Of the Number and Situation of the Bones in a Horfes Body. Orft you fliall underlland, that every Horfe or Ox hath in his
J. whole Body, juft One hundred and feventy leveral bones, and no more i-that is.-to fay, in the upper part of his head twobbnes,T from the Fore-head to,the.;K©fe two bones, his nether Jaws two bones, of Fore-tee£&^twelve, pf Tu&es four, of ^rindemwenty four, from the Nape of the.Neck to thrpoints of the Spade Bones, feven; from the Spade-Bones to the Huckle-bones, eight; from the Huckle-bones tothe end of the Tail, feven : then is there the great broad hinder-bone, which hath twelve Seams or Joyntsin it; then is there the two Spade-bones, and from thence to the Forcelsor canal bones, other'twobones, called the Marrow-bones, and from thence tothe knees; two called the "Thigh-bones, and from thence to the Pattern, other two called the Shank-bones, and from thence down- ward into the hoofs be in all fixteen little bones. Then there is a great bone in the Horfe* breaft, whereunto are faftned Thirty fix Ribs great and fmall, and to the Columel behind be two bones, and from the Molars to the Joynts other two bones, and alfo two bones towards the Rj,bs, from the bending of the hoof unto the Leg, are two fmall bones; i"nd'from the Legs to the two Focils of the Leg other two little 'bones, -and from the Pafterns into the hocf, fixteen little bones : all which, and the feveral fituations you fliall more plainly behold ia this Picture, which is the moft perfect Anatomy of the bimes of a hprfe, being, (imply compounded toge^n%, th'at canbe bf4em6$&gkioft-.'$: '~^&s "*^ |
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CHAP.
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i J 6 Of Cures ChyrurgicAl. Lib. 2.
going, which is the perfect Anatomy of all the Sinews within a
Hones -Body, and how they are divided. CHA P. IV.
Of the Number and Situation of the Hones in 4 Horfes Body. T^Mt you fhall underftand, that every Horfe or Ox hath in his
J? whole Body, juft One hundred and feventy ievcral bones, and nomore} that is.to fay, in the upper part of his head twqb'oncs,r from the Fore- bead to,the.;N©fe two bones, his nether Jawsl-two bones, of FoK-teethL-twelve",..of TufhesTour, of ^rindeps^twenty four, from the Nape of the Neck to thepoints of the Spade Bones, feven i froth the Spade-bones to the Huckle-bones, eight; from the Huckle-bones to the end of the Tail, feven : then is there the great broad hinder-bone, which hath twelve Seams or Joynts in it; then is there the two Spade-bones, and from thence to the Forcels or canal bones, other two bones, called the Marrow-bones, and from thence to. the knees, two called the Thigh-bones, and from thence to the Pattern, other two called the Shank-bones, and from thence down- ward into the hoofs be in all fixteen little bones. Then there is a great bone in the Hoife* breaft, whereunto are faftned Thirty fix Ribs great and fmall, and to the Columel behind be two bones, and from the Molars to the Joynts other two bones, and alfo two bones towards the Ribs, from the bending of the hoof unto the Leg, are two fmall bones; fed from the Legs to the two Focils of the Leg other two Ijttle bones, sod from the Pafterns into the hoof, fixteen little bones : all which, and the feveral fituations you fhall more plainly behold in this Picture, which is the moft perfect Anatomy of the bdnes of a horfe, being, .(imply.compounded tog<#ft<£, that can be by demonftratioo. CHAP.
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158 Of Cures ChyrurgicaL Lib. 2.
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CHAP. V.
HOW) and when a Horfe fhould be let Blood, the, end whereofr and
the Signs of the necejfiijk THe ancient Farriers, and thofe of thefe prefent; times, are at
great difference touching the letting of a Horfe blood : For forae would have him let Bloud four times a year ; that is to fay, in the Spring, in the Summer, in Autumn, and in the Winter. O- thers would only have him let Blood three times in the year: namely, in M#y, when he is turned to Graft, becaufe. the Blood then be- ginneth to enereafe. Secondly faSeptember,vthat blood if it be in- fiarffe6X''*ra^then'^vacuate and .breathe forth. And Thirdly, in Decewfaf," to let go the grofs and knotty Blood which is bred by la- bour or carelefs keeping, Others would have af horfe to be let blood but once in the year ; namely, in the beginning of May only, when he is to be put to Grafs, alledging this Reafon, That if the Horfe be not let blood in the Spring, the hew blood being mixt with the old corrupt blood, will be apt to be enflamed, and fo draw upon the Horfe fome grievous ficknefs, and the reafon is excellent good. Others would have the horfe to be let^blbod in the Vein not above once in a year, namely at the beginning of May : but in the Palite of the mouth they would have him let blood at the leaft once every month, alledging that it will clear the fight, comfort the brain, and give him good Appetite to his Meat: but to conclude, there is not any of thefe Opinions but are found and goodfdco the horfe be young and in ftrength, his blood encreafing vJfcfaf ip-i«; be old, and his blood in the Ebb, then you cannot let bloocl)to6 ifeldom. Now that it is fit a young horiefliould*beletl)lqodiis'ph>|^^'by the daily experience of the PolandeXHorfes,wrtebeIpg atylibeny, (out of natural inftincl inthemftlvesl fail not onceV^ear^e/themfelves Mood 5 yet we SqaveBk-ers of our belt Farriers,w1j<£3e<5uld not have a horfe let blood before there be urgent nece'ifitj^i^fcthe ufcof letting blood bring a horfe to an evil Cuftom, aifiHJra'w on ficknefs unexpedted; but with that Opinion C cannot agree, b ccaufe I hold it more vertue to "preyent a danger before it come, than to drive it away being prefect. Now tLat oft letting blood breedeth in a Horfe Weeknefs, and maketh the blood to refort to the inward parts, cloying the Heart and Intrails, and making the outward parts fat and uweildy, there is
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Lib. i. Of Cures Chyrurgicaf. i 5
is no Queltion but that the letting a Horfe blood twice in the yeir,
namely, at beginriing of May and the end of December (at which times only I would have a Horfe let blood and no other) fhould be accounted oft, I fee no reafon. Now for Stallions the ancient Fur- riers would by no means have them let blood, becaufe fay they, the covering of Mares is as great an expence of blood as may be, affirm- ing that one ounce of Seed doth countervail five ounces of" blood, and truly 1 am of that opinion too : but whereas they likewife aci- vife by no means to let Geldings blood, becaufe the lofs of their ftones is the lofs of their natural heat •■, to that I am much contrary, becaufe 1 have found it by continual experience, that Geldings do as oft dye through the corruption and abundance of blood as Horfes; Nay, and much more oftner, in as much as they want the helps which Horfes have for Purging their blood from uncleannefs. Now in the letting of Horfes blood, every careful Farrier is firft to refped the Climate under which the Horfe is bred, knowing that thofe Horfes which are bred in cold Countries, have ever mote blood than thofe which are bred in the hot: then he mult confider the time of the year, which would ever be the Spring, or the Fall of the Leaf, both thefe times being molt temperate, neither exceed- ing in heat nor in cold. Next he mufr, regard the time of the day, which would ever be in the morning failing, fo it be not the Hor- fes waking from fleep, but at leaft an hour or two after; then he muft look unto the ftate of the Moon, that the Sign be not in that part of the Body where he intendeth to let blood. Next he. mult look to the Horfes age ; if he be young, and nor come to his growth, it will hinder his waxing: and if he be old and come to decrepid- nefs, his blood had more need be repaired than waited, Laitly, he (hall look to the Horfes ftrength and ancient cuftom, and fo accord- ingly he fh?ll deal with him, obferving that fome Horfes may bet- ter fpare two or three pound of blood, than other fome one pound. Now thus much I have fpoken touching ordinary and natural let- ting of blood, without Compulfion of any SickneisorDifeafe j but in cafe where ficknefs or infirmity craveth this office of letting blood, there you (hall neither refpedt Climate, Seafon of the year, time of the day, Sign, Age, Strength, nor Cuftom, but fecting all a- Jide, apply yourfelf only to the removing of the Infirmity. Kow .the Signs to knowjf a Horfe ftand in need to be let blood are thefe: His Eyes will look red, and his Veins will fwell more than ordinary; Y . olfo
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i So Of Cures Chyrurgical. Bib. 2.
alfo he will have a certain itch about his Main arid hisTayl, and
ftill he continually rubbing them •, and fometimes will (bed fome of his Hair alfo • he will now and then pill about the roots of his Ears, or in thofe places where the Head-Hall of the Bridk lies : his Urine will be red and high coloured, and his Dung will be black and hard : alfo if he hath red inflammations, or little bubbles on his Back, or doth not digeft his Meat well, it is a .fign'.the Horfe wocld be let Blood; or if he hath any apparent fign or yellownefs in the whites of his Eyes, or in the infide of his Lips, either upper or neather, it is a fign he would be let blood : for after any of thefe figns does molt commonly follow fome one or other grievous fieknefs, which to prevent, is the true Art of a skilful Farrier, Now it is meet , that whe.a you intend to let a Horfe blood (having leifure to dathe fame) that you fuffer him to be thinly dyeted a day or two before he be let blood, to the end that his Body may be quiet, and not troubled with Digeftion. Now for the manner of letting a Horfe Blood, you fhall as hear as you can, le: him ftand upon even ground, and if it be the Neck-vein which you would ftrike, you fhall take a long fmall Cord with a noofe, and putting over to the Horfes Neck, as clofe to the fettiog on of the Sboulder ss you can, there draw ic as'ftrait as is poffible, arid thenfaften it with a running knot, and pr.efently you fhall fee the Veins to appear as big as a Man's lit- ■ tie Finger, even from thenether Chap down to the Neck. Now yoa are to obferve that the place where you are to ft tike the Vein, is even within three Fingers or four Fingers at th - moftof the nether Chap: as thus \ if your Horfe have a long, fine, thin Neck and Skin, then you may ltrike the Vein within three Fingers or kfs of the Chap,"(fith the higher is ever the better) but if he have a thor chub Neck, with a thickSkinv and many wreaths or rouls about the fettingon of his Chaps, then you fhall ftrike the Vein at k; ft four Fingers from the Chap,left thoe \vreaths,tbgether with the tnicknefs of the Skin, do fo defend the Vein that your Fleirn canast re.-iCh it. When you have thus raifed the Vein up, you fhall caufe one to Hand on the contrary fide of the Horfe, and with his Fiftto thruft the Vein forth ham againffc you: then you fhall either with a wet Spunge, or with a little Spittle, wet .the part of the Vei'i which you mean to ftrike, and then feparating the Hair, fet your Retro even and dire&ly upon the Vein; and then with a good fmart blow ftrike 'U into fcft Vera : which done, you (hall caufe'one to put his Fin- ger into the Horfs's M>uch, and tickling him in the Roof there- ' of
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Lib. 2^ Of Cures Chyrurgical. \6\
of, make him chaw 2nd move his Chaps, for that will force the
Blood to fpin forth. Now the Blood which you take from the Horfe, it is very necefiary that you fave in divers VefleJs, ior divers Csufes: as firft, that you may fee when all the corrupt Blood is come forth, and that when the colour thereof is grown pure, and fo remaineth being cold, that then you luffer the Horfe to bleed no more \ or elfe that you. fave it to bathe the Horfe's Body therewith, which is moft wiiolfome -., or elfe'to make a Medicine therewithal, by mingling with the Blood Vinegar and Oil, and fo bathe the Horfe's Body- therewith, especially that place which waslet blood. Forthe ancient Farriers hold an opinion, That it is endued with a certain .natural: Vertue, and Power to comfort the weaknefs and feeble Members of a Horfe, and to dry up ail evil Humours. Now as foon as your Horfe hath bled fufficiently, you lhall let bole the'Cord, and im- mediately the Vein will ftc-p i then with that Cord ycu ftrokedown . the Vein juft over the Orifice twice,or thrice, which will both dole. up the hole, and alfo turn the courfe of the Blood. This done, fet , the Horfe up in the Stable, aud let him Hand faffing two or three
hours afr.er3 and then after dyet him, according as in your difaetion you fhall think meet:, that is to fay. if he be a fick Hocfc, then like a lick Horfe, with good Provender and W3rm Malhes: but if he be a found Horfe? then like a found, either turn him to:Grafs, or keep him in the Stable after his ancient Cuftom. r Now if you would let your Horfe blood eith?r in the Temple-'
¥eins or Eye-Veins, ycu.fnall then Cord him hard about the midft of the Neck, and not near his Shonlders, having a care tnat you touch m not his Wind-pipe, and fo throttle him : for it will make both thefe Veins (hew moft apparently. If you intend to let the Horfe blood in the Breaft-Vein, or Plat-Veins,of fome called therefore Thigh-Veins, you lhall then Cord him behind the Shoulders, ciofe to the Elbows of the Horfe, ami overthwart his V\ ithers, and that will make thefe two Veins /hew. Now you fhall underftand. that rot any of thefe « Veins laft fpokenof, as about the Head or the Breaft muft be let
Blood by ftriking them with.a Fleim (though it be the manner of our common Smiths,) for it is moft beaftly and butcherly, and alfo full of much danger by ftriking through !he Vein, (If he be not skilful) but you lhall with a fine fharp Lancet open the Vein, even in fuch fort as you fee a skilful ChirurgeoR open the Vein in a Mans ■ Arm. Now for the letting of a Horfe blood in the Palate of the mouth Y 2 ■ you
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! 6 2 Of Cures Chyr urgical. Lib.2,
you (hall but only with a (harp pointed Knife, prick the Horfe be-
tween the fecond and third Bar, as deep as a Barly-Gorn is long, and he will bleed fufficiently : as for all other Veins in a Horfes Bo- dy whatfoever, which are to be opened, you (hall underftand, that whenfoever it is needful that they bleed, that then they muft be ta- ken up and not corded at all Now touching the taking up of Veins, and the manner how to do. ic, you (hall read more at large in par- ticular Chapters towards the end of this Book. CHAP. VI.
Of Outwards Sorantes what they are7 and of certain general
Obfervations in the Cure of them. OUtward Sorances, according to my meaning in this place, are
taken two manner of ways, that is to fay, either it is an evil ftate and compofition of the tody, which is to be difcerned either by the fhape, number, quantity, or fight of the member evil affect- ed and difeafed: or elfe it is the Looiening and Divifion of any uni- ty, which as it may chance diverfly,fo it hath divers names accord- ingly. For if fuch a divifion or lofiag be in the Bone, then it is cal- led a Fracture.- If it be in any flefhy part, then it is called a wound, or an Ulcer: If it be in the Veins, then a Rupture : If in the Si- news, then a Convulfion or Cramp ; and if it be inthe Skin, then it is called an Excoriation: and of all thefe ieverally I intend to treat in the following Chapters. Now for as much as in this gei.e ;al Art in Chyrurgery or Sorances, there are certain general Obfervations or Caveats to be held inviolate, 1 will, before I proceed any far- ther, give you a littje tafte thereof. Firft, you (hall therefore underftand, that it is the duty of every
good Farrier,never to burn or cauterize with hot Iron, or with Oyl,
. nor to make any incifion with a Knife, where there be either Veins,
Sinews, or joynts, but either ibmewhat lowex,or fomevvhat higher.
Item, You (hall never apply to any Joint or Sinewy parr, either
Rofalgar, Arfhick, Mercury, Sublimate, nor any fuch violent Cor- rofive. Item, It is ever better to Launce with a hot Iron than a cold,
that is, it is better to cauterize than ro incife.
■ Item, Blood doth ever produce white and thick matter, Choler a
watrifh thin matter, but not much -, fakFlegm, great abundance of
matter, and Melancholy, many dry Scabs. Item,
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Lib. .2. Of Cures Chyrurgical. 16$
Item, When you let blood, you mull take but the fourth part
from a Colt, which you take from a grown Horfe. Item, You muft never let Blood, except it be either to divert
ficknefs, and preferve health, or to refrefh and cool the blood, or elfe to diminifh blood, or to purge bad humours. Item, In all fmpoftumes and fwelling Sores, called Tumors, you
muft obferve the four times of the ficknefs, that is to fay, the be- ginning of the grief, i he increafe of the grief, the perfection and ftateof the grief; and laftly, the declination and ending of the grief. Item, In the beginning of every fuch fwelling Apoftumes (if yoa
cannot quite deftroy them) ufe repercuffive Medicines,if they be not near fome principal part of the Body; but then not, for fear of in- dangering life; and in augmentation, ufe Mollifying Medicines, and fupplying to ripe them •, and when they are ripe, Launch them - and let them out, or dry them up, and in the declination of them, ufe cleanfing and healing Medicines. Item, All fwellings are either hard or foft, the hard commonly
will Corrode, the foft will continue long. Item, If youthruft your finger upon any fwelling upon a Horfes
Legs, then if it prefently rife again, and fill, then is the hurt new and recoverable, but if the dent do remain and continue (till be- hind, then is the hurt old, andcomethof cold humours, and asks great Art in healing. Item, When Soresbegin to matter, then they heal, but if the pu-
trefaction be great, then beware they rot not inwardly. Item, All Cauterifing or burning with hot Irons, ftraineth things
enlarged, drieth up what is too much moiftned, difTolveth things gathered together or hardned, drawe h back things which are dff- perfed, and hdpeth old Griefs: for it ripe oeth, difTolveth, and makech them to run and iflue forth matter. Item, You muft fometimes burn under the/Sore, to divert Hu-
mours, and fometimes above, to defend and with-hold humours. Item, It is ever better to burn with Copper than with Iron, be-
caufe Iron is of a Malignant Nature, Steel of aa indifferent vertue betwixt both. Item, All adlual burnings is to burn with Inftruments, and Po-
tential burnings is to burn with Medicines, as are Caufticks and Coirofives. Item,
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Item, If you ufe to blow Powders into aTlorfe's Eyes, it will
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/re« ' By no means take up any Veins in the -Fore- tegs; unlets great
ctretnity compel you: for there is nothing that will fooner make a Hcrfi= ftiff and lame. Many other Observations there are, which b-caufr- they 2re not fo general as thefe be, and that I (hail have oc- cafioli to fpeak of them in other particular Chapters, 1 think it here meet to omit them, and the rather, becaule I would not be tedious/ C H A P. VI. •
OftheDifeafes in the Eyes^ andfirft of the weeping and watring Eye.
THe Eyes of a Horfe are fubjed to many Infirmities, as firft to
be Rheumatick, or watry, then to be blood-Ihotten, to be dim of fight, to have the Pin and Web, the Haw, the Wart in the Eye, the Inflammation of the Eyes, the Canker m the Eye, or a ftroke in the Eye: of all which, fome come of inward catifes, as of Hu- mours referring to theEyej, and fome of outward caiifes* as heat, cold, or elfe by fomeftripe or blow, n}- h ■ And firft to begin with the Rhumatick, or watry Ey«, you mall
underftand, that, according to the opinion of the anaentFarners, it doth proceed many times from the Flux of Humours dialling from the Brain, and fometimes from the anguifh of fome blow or ftripe received. The Signs are, acontinuaLwatringof the Eye, and a dole holding of the Lids together, accompanied Cometime with' a little fwelling The Cu#, according to the Opinion of fomeFarners, is, to take of Bolearmohick, of Terra figillata, and of Sanguis Draco- nis of each a like quantity \ make them into Powder, and then add unto them as much of the White of an Egg and Vinegar as will make them moift: and then fpread it plaifter-wife upon a Cloath, and lay-it to the HSrfe's Temples of his Head above his Eyes: and do this three days together. Others ufe to let the Horfe Blood m the Veins under has Eyes ; then to warn the Eye twice or thrice in the day with White-wine, and then to blow into the fore Eye with a Quill, the Powder of Tartar, Sal-gemma, and Cuttle-bone, of each a like quantity: or elfe take the Yolk of an Fgg roafted hard, and mix therewith the Powder of Comen, and bind it hot to the Eye, aad fo let it reft a night more. Other Farriers ufe to take of Pitch |
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Lib.
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Of Cures Cbyrurgical.
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2.
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i6<y
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and Rozen, and of Maftidc a like quantity, melt them together:
then with a little ftick, having a Cleut bound to the,end thereof, and dipt therein, anoiuLthe Temple-Veins on both fides a handful above the Eyes, as broad as a Shilling, and then clap unto it iin mediately a few Flocks of like colour to the HorCe, holding them dole to his Head with your Hand, until they ftick faft to his Head, then let, him blood on both his Eye-Veins, if both Eyes .be fore, and then vvafhbis Eyes with White-wine. _ Others ufe only to take a pretty quantity of life-Honey, and to *tS
diilblve it in White-wine, and to wafh the Horfes Eye therewith : and lure if it proceed from any blow, it is Medicine fufficient enough; but if it proceed from any Rheum, or inward Caufes, then you lhall take ground^ivy beaten in a Mortar, and rriixt wirh Wax, and fo laid to the Eyes like a Philter, or elfe boil Worm -wood in VVhite wine, and wafh the Horfes Eyes therewith } alio tofpurc Beer or Ale now and then into the Horfe's Eyes, will clear the fi£ht-f>af- fing well. C H A P. V1K.
Of -the Bhod-(hotter Eye,' proceeding from dfiy can/e whatfoever. FOr any Blood-fhott en Eye, proceeding from any caufe whatfo-
ever, either outward or inward, you lhall take (according to the opinion of themoft ancient Farriers) of Rofe water, of Malm- fey, andof Fennel water, of each three fpoonfuls, of Tutty'as much as you can eafdy take up between your Thumb and your Finger, of Cloves a dozen, beaten into fine powder, mingle them together, and being lukewarm,-or cold if you pleafe, wafh the inward parts of the Eye with a Feather dipt therein twice a day, until the Eye be well: orinftead thereof, waft the Eye either with the white of an Egg, or with the juice of Salladine. Others ufe to take the tops of Hawthorns, and boiling them in White-wine, wafh the Eye there- with. Other Farriers take a Dram of Synoper, and as much Life- •loney, as muchof Wheat-flower, mix them with fair running Wa- ter, fo •Chey^nay be-liquid and thin, then feethe them witfra very foft fire till they be thick like an Ointment, and therewith'anoint the Eye. ' But the Bell Receipt thst ever I found for this grief, is, to take the «ta
Whites' of two Eggs, and beat it till it come to an Oil, then put to it
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166 Of Cures Chyrur.gical. Lib. 2.
it two fpoonfuls of Rofe-water, and three fpoonf uls of the Juyce
of Hcuflee^, mix them well together, then dip therein little round Plegants or flat Cakes of foft Tow, as big as a Horfes Eye, and lay them upon the Horfes Eyc,rene wing them as oft as they grow hard,, and in a .day or two it will make the Horfe! Eye found again. CHAP. I&,
Of D'wnefs of Sight, or BUndnep. Dlmnefs of fight, or blindjnefs, may happen to a Horfe divers
ways, as by fome (train, when the inward firings of the Eyes are ftretched beyond their powers, or by the violence of great la* bor, or by the fupporting of a great burden beyond the Horfes a- bility,orby fome blow or wound : any of thefe are mortal enemies to the tyes or fight. The fign is the apparent want of fight, and an evil affected colour of the Eye. Mow for the Cure it is thus: $rj= If the fight be gone, and yet the ball of the Eye be found, Then you fhall take, according to the Opinion of fome Farriers, a pretty quantity of May-Butter, with as much Rofemary, and a little yel-_ low Rpzen, with a like quantity of Selladine, then ftampthem and fry them with the May-butter, then (train it and keep it in a Clofe Box (for it is a Jewel for fore Eyes J and anoint your Horfes Eyes therewith,at lead twice a day j it is alfo good to heal any. wound. Q- ther Farriers do ufeto let the Horfe blood in the Eye-veins, and then wafh his eyes with Red Rofe-water .Others ufeto take the Gall of a black Sheep and beat it,and ftrain it, then to warn the Eyes there- with : others ufe to burn the Horfe. underthe Eye, that the ill Hu- mours may diftil-1 forth, and then to anoint his Eyes either with the Marrow of a Sheeps (hank, and Rofe-water mixt together, or elfe with the Juyce of ground Ivy. Other Farriers ufe to take a Mould- warp and lapping her all over in Clay, burn her to afhes, and then to take of that powder and blow it into the Horfeseyes. Othersufe tot3ke an empty Egg-fheli, and fillit with Bay-Salt, then burn it till k be black :. Then add to it of ournt Allum the quantity of your Thumb, beat them together to fine powder, then mix fome of this Powder with frefh Butter, and wipe it into the Horfes Eye with a feather, then clap the White of an Egg dipt in Flax over his Eyes; doe this once a day for a Seven-night, and after but once in two \ days- This is molt excellent for any Film, and alfo for a Pearl, j . ." Others- |
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Lib. 2. Of CuresCbyrurgkal. \6y
Otheis ufe to take two dry Tile-ftones, and rub them together,
and blow the Powder of it with a Quill into the Horfes Eye four Days together. C H A P. X.
A mofi rare off roved Medicine for any defperate Blindnefs in * Horfe ^
proceeding from any ItyeHmawk, Cattfe, Surfeit, Strain^ Stroke, or fuch like. TAke of Vermillion, Betony and Lavender, and beat them in a
Mottgr with the bell Venice-Turpentine, till they come to a thick Salve like Pafte: Then make it into Cakes or Troches, each as broad as a Groat, and dry them: then lay one or two of them up- on a Chafingdifh and Coals: And then covering them with a Tun- nel, let your Horfe receive the Sraoak up into his Noftrils, and this do Morning and Evening: and every time you thus Fume him, yon fhail alfb wafh his Eyes inwardly, either with the Water of Eye- bright limply, or with the Water of Eye-bright, and the Juice of Ground Ivy mixt together. Now I hare known many to miftake this Ground Ivy, and fuppofe that the Ivy which is common, and runs along on the Ground to be Ground Ivy, but it is riot Co : For Ground-Ivy is a Weed which commonly grows in bottoms of Hedges by Ditch-fides* in good big tufts, it hath alittle round rough Leaf, snd is jagged on the Edges; and of all Simple j none is more Soverain for the Eyes. G H A P. XI-
■Another mofi excellent and approved Receipt for any defperate Blindneft
in a Horfe or any "Beafi whatfoever. TAke the Shells of half a dozen Eggs, and cleanfeaway the inner
Film from them To clean as may be, then lay thofe fhells be- tween two clean Tiles, and To lay them in hot glowing Embers, and cover them all over, and on every fide, and fo let them lye a good Tpace till the Shells be all dried, then take them up, and beat the -Shells to fine Powder, thenfearce it through a Laun to fine Dull:,. ~then with a Goofe- quill blow this Pcv/der into the Horfes Eye that is offended with Pin, VVeb, Film, or any thicknefsor foulnefs,, and it is a certain Cure,1 and this do Morning, Noon and Night- ' Z But
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16% Of Cures Cbyrurgical. Lib. 2»
But if it be for any watred or inflamed Eye, for any Bruife, Stripe,
Lunatick, or defcending Humours, then take a fpoonful and a half of fine fearced Powder of white Sugar Candy, and mix it with the former Powder of Shells: then with as much May-butter, (if you can get it) or for want thereof, the belt Sweet- Butter, without Salt. Work all into a gentle Salve, and therewith anoh t the Horfes Eye, Morning, Noon, and Night, for kcleanfeth, purgeth, com- lorteth and cooleth. CHAP. XII.
• Of the Pearl, Pin, Wtb% or any fpot in a Horfes Eye. ■ THe Pearl, the Pin, the Web, or any unnatural fpot, or thick
Film o¥er a Horfes Eye, proceedeth, for the molt part, from fome ftroke received , yet the Pearl, which is a little round, thick, white Spot like a Pearl, growing on the fight of the Horfes- Eye, comes many times from natural caufes, and even from defcent of Syre and Dam, as I have often found by experience. The fign is, theapparent fight of the Infirmity, and theCureaGcqrdingtothe Opinion of the inoft Ancient Farriers,is,To take fix Leaves of ground- Ivy, and a bunch of Selladine, and bray them in a Mortar, with a fpoonful or two of Womans Milk, and then ftrain it through a clean Linnen-Gloth, andputitintoaclofe Glafs, and then drop of it as much into the Horfes Eyeata time, as will fill half a Hazle-Nut- fhell j and it is the fitteft to be done at Night ,only> Do this thrice attheleaft, and for three Days after, keep the Horfe as much as may be from any Light. Other Farriers ufe to anoint the Horfes Eyes with the Marrow of Goats Shanks, and Deers Shanks, and Rofe- water mixt together, or elfe to wafh his Eyes with the Juice of the Berries and Leavesof Ground Ivy, or other Ivy mixt with White- wine; and to blow into his Eyes the Powder of BUck Flint, or of Land-Oy 11 ers: but that Powder muft be made fo exceeding fine, as by Art of Searcing can any way's be brought to pafs: And for the taking away of any Film or Pearl, there is no Medicine more >_ Soverain. There be other Farriers which ufe ts>take the lean of a Gammon of Bacon, and dry it, and thereof make a Ppwder and blow it into the Horfes Eye. Others ufe to take, white Ginger made into very fine Powder, and blow it into the Horfes Eyes \ yet be- fore youdofo, if the Web have continued any long time, it fball |
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_ "*■2' \ Of Cures Chyrurgical. i^p
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Others Trh Z toanoint the Horfes Eye with Capons greafe.
K/A10 b,07r T°, theAHolks £ye' the Powder of Elder- derof o7' ' ^^e Powder of Mans dung dryed; orthePow- ?rthlH?r,^hCt'ft?nemi?t-Wlrt,he^,ofHMCJr. and put in-
W ?l Eye: others ufe t0 take the Yolk of an Egg with Salt ournt and beaten to Powder, and blow into the Horfes Eye • or elfe Jtie Powder of the Cuttle-bone. Others ufe to take' either Elder- theJ?h*P I 'or Mans dung dried, and mix it with the Powder of ■jne_ bhellor Bone of the Crab-Fifh, and blow it into the Horfes Eve u^?!£peIritteb*atent0P0Wder' andwitha Qi'iil blow it jttft
tha?ahnvS^ie-rS uf\t0 <ake fand fare it is not inferiour, but better
fanningMedlclPe whatfoever) a good quantity of white Salt, and "ppwg it round up in a wetCIqth, put it into the Fire, and b irn find0inrh.C°i: uthent3ki"g it forth and breaking it open you (hall nnd in the midft thereof a white Coar as big as a Bean, or bigger • lirrf"ff,?- °Ut t.hat Coar and beat h to Powder' and mix it with a
.uttie White-wine.then after it hath flood a while, take thcthickeft the rE Ilu-th'bott°m' and PUtit in£°theHorfeS Eye, and with
tne tnin,wafh his Eye; do thus once a Day till the Pearl be confumed.
utnersufeto take the Juice of Rue, and put it into the Horfes
tSkufS. V2'^ke .an,.hdle in an Egg' and Put forth a)1 that is
WUftin it, and fill theShell with Pepper, and doling it in an Earthen
forth "L"; T° a h0t DUrninS °Ven tiJ1 k be 9uite hot, then take it
HorfoF™ beatthe Pepper to Powder, and blow thereof into the S?i2,™ f°thersufetotakeof Pummiftone, of Tartarum, an* PoX? ?' 5 CaCva like weiS«t, and being beaten into very fine {™odaSul°Vhltko{th*Z int0 the Horfes *ft continuing of £rXthe Eye be welL Gthers ufe only t0 Mow the powder fiient £Zrm? theHOTf«Eye? affirming^hat it alone hath fuf- fpace &C2* *22 5 break any Pearl 0r Web in-a tot
Powder rtf Sr 3ny ■*!£ compofition : But fureiy I have found the Longer the Powder of white Salt burnt, to be much |
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V CHAP,
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170
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Of Cures Chyrurgica/. Lib. «.
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CHAP. XIII.
A moft excellent and infallible Cure for any Pin, Web^ Pearly or Sfot in
a Horfes Eye.
83* *"p Ake an Egg, and make a hole in the top, put oat half the % Ivte,
1- then fill up the empty place with Salt and Ginger finely rcixt together, then Rcwft the Egg extream hard, fp as you may beat it to fine Powder, having formeily l^pt it in a wet Cloath, then Morn- ing and Evening, after you have wafrt the Horfes Eye with the Juice of Ground-ivy, or .Eye-bright water, you lhall. blow. of this. Powder therein, and it is a certain Remedy. C H A P. XIV.. '
Of the Haw in a Horfes Eye.
THe Haw is a Griftle growing betwixt the nether Eye lid and'
the Eye, and itcoverethfometimes, more than the one half of the Eye. It proceeds of grofs and tough Flegmy humours, whicftde- fcendingdown from the Head, and knitting together, do in the end,, grow to a Horn or hard Griftle;, The figns thereof are a waring of theEye,and an unwilling opening of the nether Lid, befides an ap- parent inew of the Haw it felf, if with, your Thumb you do put downthenether Lidof the Horfes Eye. TheCureis, takeaNeedle and a, double Thread, put it through the tip of the Horfes Ear,which done, put the Needle likewiie through the upper Eye-lid of the Horfe " upwards, and fo draw up the Eyelid, and faften it to the Ea^ then with your Thumb put down the nether Lid, and you fhall plainly fee the Haw: Then thruft your Needle through the Edge of the Haw, and with the Thread draw it out, fo as you may lap it about youPfin- ger, thenfaftenthe Thread about, your little finger, toholditcon- ftantly, and then with a very lharp Knife, cut crofsthe Griftle of the inlidenext the Horfes Eye, and fo ieparating the Skin and the Fat from the Griftk,cut the Griftle quite out; then cutting ycur Threds draw them clean out, both of the Eye lids, and out of the Haw : theui warn all the Horfes Eyeeither with Ale, Beer, or White-wine, and pluck away-all the long Hairs from about the Horfes Eyes, be- ing fure to leave no Blood within the Horfes Eye. And in this man- ner of Cure, you mult obferve, that by no means you cut away too ____________________________■■_ •__________________________\_____________moth _ |
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kib.
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Of Cures Chjrurgical.
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171
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much of the waft or fat by the Raw, or any part of the black that
groweth about the end of the Haw, for that will 'nuke the Horfe Blear- eyed ; there- be other Farriers which ufe after they have cut out the Haw, to Anoint the Eye fix Days after with Sallet-Oyl, the Marrow of Sheeps Shanks and faltmixt together. Others do take the Juice of Ground-Ivy itampt in a Martar, with."Si"
the juice of Ivy-berries, and mix them either with Water or White- wine, and fo i. laifter-wife lay it 'to the HorfesEye, renewing it Morning and E-'ening, and it will eat away the Haw. Others ufe after the Haw is cutaway^ to lay to the Eye a Plaifter of Gamomil and of Honey beaten together; any of all which is fufficient enough- - Now you are to note by the way, that the Horfe which hath one-. Haw, commonly hath two, for they continually go together. C H A P, XV,
Of Moon-Eyes, or LmatickcEyes,-. ^HeMpon-Eyes, or I unatkk-Eyes, areof all fore Eyes the mo^
* dangerous and noifome, and do,proceed from hot Humours,- defcending from the Head, and ftirred up by the extremity of over- riding or compelling a Horfe to do more then nature will give him leave: as 1 have feen a,. Slothful and Heavy Horfe brought to be Moon-eyed by the Folly.of his Rider? who would force him to Hand and Trot, contrary to-the vigour offrts Spirit: folike^ife 1 havefeen delicate MectPdHorre; -brought to be Moon eyed, ■ ■ whea the Riders w»puld not temper the freenefs of their Natures, but have given them ivc to run witbaUviolence. Novv theybe called Moan eyes, be- juife if the Farrier do obferve them, he fhall perceive that at fome- times of the Moon the Hcrfe will fee very prettily, and at fooic- i.aneso!: die Moon he will fee'nothing at all, N/ow the-fign's hereof are, when the Korfes Eyes are at the befty they will look yellowift, and dim, and- when they are at the -worHy they will look red^ fiery,. and angry.: . The Cure is, Tolay all ever the Temples of theHorfesHead, the
Philter <f Pitch, Rozen, and Mj-ftick, mentioned in the Chapter of Watry?Eyes: then under each of ihis Eyes with a (harp Knife make a flit of an Inch long about four Fingers beneath his Eye»,at}d at leaftan < Inch wide of the Eye- Veins '• then with a Gronet loofen the Skin a- bout the breadth of a Groat,' and thruft therein a round piece of Leather 1-
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<■■'•- -j ; ■-■ - ■ ■ ' - ■■-■_■- I „ | ■ , — - ---------' ' "l 'l ••--7- j
172 Of Cures Cbyrurgical. Lib. 2.
Leather as broad as a two-pence with a hole in the midft, to keep the
hole open : and look to it once a Day, that the matter may not be ftopped, but continually run the fpace of Ten Days % then take the Leather out, and heal the Wound with a little flax dipt in this Salve. Take of Turpentine, of Honey, and of Wax, of each a like quantity, and boyl them together, which being a little warmed will be liquid to ferve your purpofe; and take not away the Plaiflers which are upon his Temples until of themfelves they fall away; which being fallen, then with a fmall hot drawing Iron make a Star in the midft of each Temple-vein, where the Plaifters did lye, which Star would have a hole in the midft, made with the Button- \^jy end of your hot drawing Iron in this fort. jfy\ Now there be other Farriers, which inftead of the flits under
the Eye, and the pieces of Leather, which is a plain Rowel, only take a fmall blunt hot Iron, and about an Inch and an half beneath the nether Lid, do burn fome five holes all of a row, according to the compafs of the Horfes Rye, and. do burn thofe holes even unto the Bone, and then once a Day anoint them with frefh Greafe, or Sweet Butter. CHAP. XVI.
Of the Canker in the Eje. A Canker in the Eye cometh of a rank and corrupt Blood, de-
fcending from the Head in the Eye, where it congealeth, and , breedeth a little Wormin manner, as it were, the head of a Pifmire, which groweth in the nether end of the Horfes Eye next to his Nofe- ward ; kproceedeth many times into the Griftle of theNofe, which if it chance to eat through, it will then pafsinto the Head, and lo kill the Horfe. The figns hereof are, you fhall fee red Pimples, fome great and fome fmall, both withinand without the Eye, upon the kye lids,and alfo the Eye it felt will look red, and be full of very corrupt matter.' The Cure, according to the Ancient Farriers, is,to take as much burnt Allum as an Hazle-Nut, and as mucbof green Copptras, and bake them both together upon Tile-ftorie, and then grind them into powder, and put thereto a quarter of a fpoonful of Honey , and mix them together, and then with a Clout dipt therein, rub the fore till it bleed ; and do thus feven Days together and it will cure the Canker. There be other Farriers whichibr this Canker
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t jl T ~~~ ~ ~r^~ ~—:—~^~-k—~—'■
■Lia 2* . Of Cures'-Cbyrttrgicai.
Canker in a Horfes Eye, will firft Ietthe Horfc Blood in che-tfecfcT
Vein of the fame fide the fore Eye is , and, take away the quantity ol aPottle of Blood .- Then take of Roch-Allum, and of green Cop. peras, of each half a pound, of white Copperas one ounce, andboyl them m three points of running Water, until the half be confumed • then take it from the Fire, and once a Day wafli his Eye with this VVa*er, being made Luke-warm, with a fine Linnen Cloth, and cleanfe the Eye therewith, fo as it may.look raw, and do this till Ue Eye be whole. CHAP. XVII.
For a ftripe or.blow upon <t Horfts Eye.
J \f ^0r*"e ^a^ eatch anY ftnPe °f blow upon his Eye, either with
*. VVhip, Rod, Cudgel, or any fuch like mifchance, or by one Hor- ies biting of another when they either play or fight: then for the Cure thereof (if you take it when it is new done) you (hall only plow mto his Eye either the Powder of Sandevoir, or the fine Pow- aer of white Salt, after the Eye hath been waflit with a little Beer : but if the Eye be more fore, and have continued longer, then you IjP^k.e afmallLoaf of Bread, and pull out all theCrums; then nil the Loaf full of burning Coals, until it be well burned within r. ft lJ i °f that Cruftand PuE h in V Vhite-wine, and after it is well loaKed, lay to the Sore, then take Sope-water and cold Water mixt together, and warn all the Eye-brows therewith, and if for all wat it go not away, then you fhall let him Blood on the Temple- ,eins» and if he do rub or chafe his Eye, you fhall let him Blood on tne Veins under his Eye?, and warn his Eyes with cold Sope- Z \ if his Eyes do cnanGe to look red wicn the blow» then
you fhall Jay unto them a Plaifter of Red-Lead and Sallet-Oyl beaten well together. Others ufe to take the Juice of Plantain, ftampt and j?lxt with White-wine, andfo laid to the fore Eye. Othersufe both orthisDifeafe, or any other fore Eye, to ftampftrong Nettles with _,Jittle Beer, andthenftrainingit,to fquirt thereof into the Hories zye, twice or thrice togeth er: then to put of the fine Powder of gndevoir a little in his Eyes, and then be careful to keep the Horfes Eye from Wind or Cold y but if you muft aeeds Ride turn, thenputaVYoollen.Cloth before the Horfes Eye;. alfoitis nota- mifstolet him Blood on his Eye-Veins, and thentwice drefiingwill be fufficient. ' Others- |
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»73
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174 Of Cures GbyrurgkaL Lib. 2,
g^, Other Farriers ufe firftto .Vnomt the fore Eye three Days toge-
. ther with Hens or Capons-greafe, to mollifie it: then take a little live Honey, and warming it, wip* it kiothe Horfes Eye with a Fea- ther. Others take the Juice of PIcinta'n mixt with Honey, orelfe the Juice of Thyme mixa with Honey, and put it into the Eye. Others ufe to take the Afhes of m old Shcoe-fole burnt in an Oven, and put into the HorfesEye; or ells the powder of a Grey Whetftone blown into the fore Eye \ both are fpeedy Reme'dies. Others ufe to take the Juice of Smallage, and of Fennel, arid mixing them with the White of an Egg,put it into the Horfes Eye once a Daytill the Eye be whole. C H A P. XXIII.
For a Wait in the Eye.
A Wart in a Horfes Eye, is a Flefhy excrefcion, or a Flefhy knot
growing either upon the Eye, or upon the edge or infide of the Eye-lids; it proceedeth from a thick Flegm, which defcendeth to the Eye, by means that the Horfe is tco much kept in a dark Sta> ble without light: and this infirmity will make a Horfes Eye con- fume and grow little. The Cure is, To take Roch Allum, and burn it on a Tile-ftone , and then put as much white Copperas thereunto not burnt, and grind them to Powder, then lay Tome of that Powder juft upon the Head of the Wart, and do this once a Day till the Wart be confumed away. - , - -
C H A ft XIX.
For an Inflammation in 4 Horfes Eye.
HOrfes may divcrfly have Inflammations in the Eyes; as by long
ftanding in the Stable, with foul feeding and no exercife, or •by Moats falling into his Eyes, orbyranknefsofBlood, andfuch like, any of each will breed an Inflammation or forenefs in the Eye. The figns are itching, and rubbing of the Eyes, and-little (welling,'1 with Tome loathnefs to open the Eye-lids. The Cure is, Firft to let him Blood upon the Temple-Veins, and upon the Eye-Veins, and then to wafhhis Eyes in Milk and Honey mixt together. Others after Blood-letting, will wafh the Horfes tyes with Honey and Aloes E- patica mixt together: And' others will wafh Eyes with Aloes dif- Tolved in White-wine, any of which is approved to be moft excel- lent for any fore"Eye CHAP. |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures CbjrurgicaL i j 5
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CHAP. XX
Of the Iwpojlhum in the Ear ef a Horfe.
TMpofthutn''. which breed in the Ear of a Horfe, proceed from
divers caufes, as from fome great blow about the Head, or fome wringings with a hard Halter, or from fome evil Humour congealed in the Ears by fomeextream Cold. The figns whereof appear plain- ly by the burning and painful fwelling of the Roots of the E irs, and the other parts thereabout. The Cure thereof is, Firfl to ripen the lmpofthume with this Plaifter : Take of Linfeed beaten into fine Powder, and Wheat flower, of each half a Pint, of Honey a pint, of Hogs greafe, other wife called Barrow^ greafe, one pound ; warm all thefe things together in an Earthen Pot, and Hir them continually with a flat Stick or Slice, until they be throughly mingled and incor- porated together, and then fpread fome of this Plaifter being warm, upon a piece of Linnen Cloth or loft white Leather, fo broad as the fuelling and no more, and lay it warm unto it, and fo let it remain one whole Day, and then renew it again, continuing fo to do, until it either do break, or elfe grow fo ripe that you may Launce it down- wards, fo that the Matter may have paflage out, then tent it with this tent of Flax dipped in this Salve even to the bottom, that is to fay, Take of Mel Rofatum, of Saliet-Oyl and Turpentine, of each two ounces, and mingle them together, and make the Horfe a biggen of Canvas toclofe in the Sore, lb as the tent with the Oyntment may abide within the Sore, renewing the tent once a Day until it be whole ;• but if the Horfe have pain in his Ears, without any great Pain or Inflammation, then thruft into his Ear a little black-Wool, dipt in the Oyl of Camomile, and that will eafe him : But if the lmpofthume be broken before you perceive it, and that you fee Matter run from the Horfes Ears, then you fhall take of Oyl of Rofes, Venice Turpentine, and Honey, of each a like quantity, and mixing them well together, warm itluke-warm upon a few Coals, and then dipping black Wool therein, thruft it down into the Horfes Ear that runneth, renewing it once a Day till the Ear leave running. |
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ij6 Of Cures Cbyrurgical. Lib. 2.
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CHAP* XXI.
Of the Pole-Evil.
THe Pole-Evil is a great Swelling, Inflammation, or Apofthurue
in the Nape of the Horfes Neck, juft between his Ears, towards his Mane, and proceedeth fometimes from the Horfes ftrugling or ftriving in his Halter, efpecially if the Halter be of hard newtwin'd Hemp $ fometimes it proceedeth from evil Humours gathered toge- ther in that place,or elfe from fome ftripe or blow given to theHorfe by fome rude Keeper, Carter, or Man of little difcretion; for that part being the weakeffc and tendereft part about the Head, is the fooneft offended and grieved with Sorances. The fign of this Difeafe is an apparent fwelling between the Horfes Ears, and on each fide his Neck, which in continuance of time,will break of its own accord, yet doth ever rot more inwardly than outwardly, from whence it comes that this Difeafe is more commonly called of our common and Igno- rant Farriers, the Fiftula in the Neck, than the Pole- Evil •, and in truth ic is an Ulcer fo hollo w and fo crooked, and fo full of fliarp matter, like unto like, that if differeth very little from a Fiftula, and is of all Impofthumes, except the Fiftula it felf, thehardefttoCure: There- fore I would wi(h ejrery careful Farrier to take this Cure in hand fo foonasis poflible, that is to fay, before it break, if it maybe. Now for the general Cure (according to theOpinion of the Ancient
farriers) it is thus ;Firft, if it be not broken, ripen it with a Plaifter of Hogs-greafe, laid unto it fo hot as may be, and make a Biggen for the pole of his Head to keep ft from Cold, which Biggen mould have two holes open,, f6 as his Ears may ftand out, and renew the Plai- fter every Day once until that break, keeping the fore place as warm as may be; and if that you fee it will not break fo foon as you. would have it, then look where it is foftcft, and molt meet to be ©pened, take a round hot Iron, or a Copper Iron (for that is the bet- ter) as big as a Mans little Finger, and (harp at the point,made like an Arrow-head, and then about two Inches beneath the foft place, thrulf.it in agooddeepnefs upwards, fo as the point of your Caute- fifing Iron may come out at the ripeft place, to the intent that the Matter may defcend downward, and come out at the nearer Hole5 which would always be kept open ; And therefore tent it with a tens
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tent of Flax dipt in Hogs greafe warm, and lay alfo a Plaifter of
Hogs greafe upon the fame, renewing it every day once for the fpace of four Days,which is'done chiefly to kill the heat of the fire: Then at the four Daysend,Take of Turpentine half a pound, clean warned in nine fundry Waters, and after that throughly dryed, by thrufting out the Water with a Slice on the Difhes fide ■■, then put thereunto two Yolks of Eggs, and a little Saffron, and mingle them well toge- ther : That done, fearch the depth of the hole, either with a Quill or a Probe, and make a tent of a piece of dry Spunge never wet, fo long as it may near reach the bottom, and fo big as it may fill the Wound, and anoint the tent with the aforefaid Oyntment, and thruftit into the Wound either with that Quill, or elfe by winding it up with your Finger and Thumb by little and little, until you have thruft it home, and then lay on the Plaifter of Hogs greafe made Luke-warm, renewing it every day once until it be whole: but if the fwelling ceafe, then you need not ufe the Plaifter, but only to tent it *, and as the Matter decreafeth, fo make your tent every day lefler and lefler, until the Wound be perfectly cured. Now if this Difeafe of the Pole evil have broke of its own felf,
and by neglecting looking into, have continued fo long that it is turned to a Fiftula, which you mail know both by the great and crooked hollownefs inwardly,» and by a fhajp thin Water which would iflue out there outwardly, then you (hall take (according to the Opinion of the Farriers) of unflackt Lime, and of Arfnick, of each a like quantity, beat them together into very fine Powder, put thereto the Juice of Garlick, of Onions, and of Wall-wort, of each a like quantity, and of Holly as much as all the reft, boyl them upon a folt Fire, and ftir them all well together until they be as thick as an Oyntment j tnen walh the Sore with very ftrong Vi- negar, and fill the hole full of the aforefaid Ointment,' by dip- ping a tent therein twice a day j then lay a Plaifter of Hogs greafe upon the tent to make it keep in, and ufe this until the Horfe be whole. Our Farriers ufe to take Orpiment, unflackt Lime, and Verdi-
greafe, of each a like quantity, temper them wih the Juice of Pel- litory, black Ink, Honey and ftrong Vinegar, of each a like quanti- ty, boil them and ftir them well together, until they be very thick, then make thereof fmail Rouls , and put them into the hollow place of the lame Sorance. Now you are to note, that both thefe and the laft A a 2 recited
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178 Of Cures Chyrurgicat. Lib. 1.
recited Salye before this, are only to kill the Rankerous and (harp
Humour which brings the Sore unto a Fiftnla, which as foon as you have killed, which you (hall know by the Matter, which will be white and thick, then you (hall heal up the Sore either with the Pow- der of Savin, or the Powder of Honey- and Lime baked together, or e!fe by Anointitfg it with Tar and Sailet Oyl, or frefh Hogs greafe mixt together. There be other Fariers which for this Sorance do lirft open the Sore with a hot Iron, and then take red Lead and black Soap, and mixing them well with Water till they be good and thick, tent the Horfe therewith till it be whole. Others ufe to take a quart of Water, fyilf a pound of Roch Allom,
four Penny-worth of Mercury, a quarter of a pound of Verdigreafe, snd mixing them well together, wa(h theHorfes Sore with this Wa- tertill.it begin to dry up, and then heal it with the Powders before- named. See further in the new Additions for the Fiftula, marked thus id". CHAP. XXII.
A true and certain approvedCnre for any Vale-Evil whatfoiver.
FJrfl: (rave off the Hair from the fweiling, then lay on a Plaifter of
black Shooemakers Wax, fpreajl upon white AllomM Leather, and let it lye till it have ripened and broke the Impofthurae: then take a pint of Wine-Vinegar, and when it is boiling hot, mix-with it as rnuchClay-lome with the Straws and all in it, as will bring the %Vihegaruntoa thick Poultis, then apply this as hoc as the Horfe can ftiifer it to the Sore, and renew it once a Day til! the Impoithume be whole. C H A P. XX1JI.
Of a Horfe that it Lave-Ear'd, and how to help him.
FOr a Horfe to be Lave-Ear'd, is as foul a difgrace and as much de-
formity to his Beauty, as to want the true proportion and ufe of any outward Member whatfoever. It proceedeth from a natural Infirmity, and is ingendred even from the firft Conception, and al- though few of our Farriers either have endeavoured themfelves, or know how to help it; yet there is nothing more certain than that in this fort it may be Cured. Firft, take your Horfes Ears, and place them
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them in fuch manner as you would have them ftand, and then with
two little Boards,or pieces of Trenchers three Fingers broad, having long firings knit uitto them, bind the Ears fo fall in the places where they ftand, thatbyno means or motion they mayftirj then betwixt the Head and therootof the Ear, youihall feeagreat deal of empty- wrinkled Skin, which with your Finger and your Thumb you fhall pull up,and then with a very fharp pair of Scizars youihall clip away all the empty Skin clofe by the Head,and then with a Needle and red Silk you fhali flitch the two fides of the Skin clofe together, and then with a Salve made of Turpentine, Deersfuet, and Honey, of each alike quantity melted together., and made into an Gyntment, heal up the Sore; whichdone, take away the fplents which held up his Ears, and you fhall fee within a fhort time that his Eats will keep the fame place flill as you fet them, without any alteration .• and this you ihall ever find to be as certain and true, as the healing of a cut Finger. CHAR XXIV.
Of the Fives or hard Kernels between the Chaff and the 2\£«£. THe Vives are certain great Kernels which grow from the Root
of the Horfes Ears, down to the lower part of his nether Jaw, between the chap and the neck, they are in proportion, long, narrow and round, and are natural things, proper and due to every Horle■: but when either through ranknefs of Blood, or abundance of corrupt Humours reporting to that place, they begin to beinflamed, then they become very foul Sorances and Impofthumations moft dangerous s they are inwardly very full of little white Salt Kernels, and they breed great pain in the Horfes Thrcar. This Difcafe as far forth as I can find by any demonftration, is the Difeafe which in Men we call the Squinancy or Quinzy, and not as fome of the old Farriers fuppofe, the Strangle, for that hatb no coherence with the Infirmity. For the figns of theDifeafe,there needs fmall repetition infbmuch as the grief is apparent to the Eye : and the Cure, according to the Opinion of the Oldeft Farriers, is thus; if you fee the Kernels begin to rankle andfwell, you fhall take the Horfes Ear, and laying it down alongft the Neck of the Horfe, at the very end or tip of the Ear, cut a holej through the Skin of the Neck, the length of an Almond, or better j and then with a crooked Wire, pick out all thofe Kernels which you |
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180 Of Cures Cbyrurgical. Lib. •?.
find inflamed : Which done, fill the hole full of Salt .• then about
the end of three Days, you fhall find the fore begin to Matter \ then warn it either with Bark-water, or with the Juice of Sage: then take of Honey, of fweet Butter, and of Tar, of each half a fpoonful, and melt them together, and as foon as yon have wafht the Sore clean, put into it of this Oy ntmsnt the quantity of a Bean, and fo drefs the Horfe once a Day iintil it be whole. , There be others of our moll Ancient Englifh Farriers, which for
this Soranceufe Firft to draw the Sore right down in the midft with a hot Iron from the root of the Ear, fo far as the tip of the Ear will reach, being pulled down, and under the root again drawtwo ftrikes on each fide, like an Arrow- head, in this form: ,- then in the midft of the firft Line, Launce them ^WSn-
with a Launcet, and taking hold of the Kernels J*"
with a pair of fine thin Pinfons, pull them fo far forward as you
may cut the Kernels out without hurting the Vein.- that done, fill the hole with Salt, and heal it up as is aforefaid. Now moft of the Italian Farriers ufe this Cure.- Firft, take a Spunge fteeped well in ftrong Vinegar, and^bind it unto the SorepJace, renewing it twice a Day, until the Kernels be rotten : that done, Launce it then in the nethermoft part, wherethe Matter lieth, and let it out, and then fill up the hole with Salt finely brayed, and the next day wafh all the filth away with warm Water and a Sponge, and then anoint the place with Honey and Fitch Flower mixt together; but in any cafe beware, during this Cure, you touch not the Kernels with your bare Finger, for fear of venoming the place, which is very apt for a Ei- ftula to breed in. Now there be other Englifh Farriers, which ufe either to ripen the Sore by laying to a Plaifter of hot Hogs greafe, or a Plaifter of Barley Meal mixt with three ounces of Raifins, fbd well together in ftrong Wine; or elfe they cut out the Kernels : now whether you cut them out, burn them out, or rot them out, (of all which, 1 bold rotting the beft,) you (hail ever fill the Hole with Nettles and Salt being chopt and mixt together, or elfe tent it with tents dipt in Water and mixt with Sallet-Oyl and Salt. Others ufe to burn them downwards with a hot Iron in the midft from the Ear . to the Jaw Bone, drawing two crofs Strokes, and then Launce it in the midft, and pluck out the Kernels, and fill the Hole with Bay- Salt, and the Crops of Nettles well chopt and mixt together Or elfe put'only Salt into the Hole, and take the Crops of Nettles well chops
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choptandmixtwith Bay-Salt-, and two fpoonfuls of ftrong Vine-
gar, and ftrain it, and put in either Ear a-fpoonful thereof, and pat fome black Wool after it, and fo bind up his Ears. Others ufe to ripen them, either by laying to the Sore wet Hay,or
wet Horfe-litter \ and as foon as they are ripe, . (which you mall know by the foftnefs) to Launce the Skin, and take out the Kernels, and then fill the Hole with the Powder of Honey and unflackt Lime rnixt together, and burnt upon a Tile-ilone. Others ufe likewife after the Kernels are ripened and taken out, to take of Agrimony Honey,and Violet-leaves, of each a like quantity, and ftamping them well together, to Plaifter the Sore therewith, till it be whole. Others ule after the Kernelsare taken out, To wafli the Sore with Copperas Water, and then to tent the Hole with Flax dipt in the whit? of an Egg, and after to heal it with Wax, Turpentine, and Hogs greafe molten well together. CHAP. XXV.
A more rare and certain approved Medicine, which will cure the Vives
without either burning, melting, rotting, or any fuch violent extremity. TAke a Penny-worth of Pepper beaten to fine Powder, of Swines
greafe one fpoonful, the Juice of a handful of Rue, of Vinegar T\ p.oonfuls> mix tnem aI1 well together, and putit equally into Doth the Horfes Ears, and tye them up with two firings, or elfe flitch them together ; then (hake the Ears that the Horfe medicine may fink downwards: which done, you (hall let him Blood in the Neck. Vein, and u the Temple-Veins. And this Core is infallible. CHAP. XXVI.
Another Cure for the rivet, mofi certain and approved,
I Fjinuany of the former Receipt* yoo can find either difficulty or
J. ooubt then to make certain and fpeedy Work: Firft, Ihaveoff tne Hair from the fwclled place, and then clap upon it a Plaifter of »™ £ ™ f£ Wax» and remove it not till the Sore break, then re- new the Plaiftef, and it will both heal and dry ic. |
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182 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
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CHAP. XXVII.
Of the Strangle. THe Strangle (howfoever our old Farriers make a long Dif-
conrfe thereof) is not (as they fuppofe ) a kind of Quinzy, but a mean Inflammation of the Throat, proceeding from fome Cho- lerickor Bloody Fluxion, which comes out of the Branches of the Throst-Veins into thofe parts, and there breedeth fome hot Inflam- mation, being ftirred up either by fome great Winter-cold, or cold taken after Labour : k is a great and a hard fwelling between the Horfes nether Chaps,upon the Roots of the Horfes Tongue,and about his Throat,wh'ich fwe!iing,if it be not prevented,will ftop the Horfes Wind-pipe, and £0 strangle or Choak him: from which effecl:, and no none other, the name of this Difeafe took its derivation. The figns of this Dife3le, befides the apparent fign thereof, and the palpable feeijng of the famevis,the Horfes Temples of his Head will be hollow, and his Tongue will hang out of his Mouth.his Head and Eyes will be fwoIn,and the paffage of the Throat fo ftopt, that he can neither Eat nor Drink, and his Breath will be exceeding fhort. The Cure thereof according to the moft Ancient Farriers, is, with a round fmall hoc Jrcn to thruft a hole through the Skin on both fides the Wezand, and then after it begin net h to Matter, to mix Butter, Tanners Water and Salt together, and eyery Day anoint the fore therewith till it be whole. Others of the Ancient Farriers ufefirftto Bathe the Horfes Mouth and Tongue with hot Water, and then anoint the fore place with the Gall of a Bull, that donevgive him this Drink, Take of old Oyl two pound, of old Wine a quart, nine Figs, and nine Leeks- Heads well ftamped and brayed together, and after you have boyled thefea while, before you drain them, put, unto them a little Nitrum Alexandrinum, and give him a qaar.6 of this every Morning and Evening. Alfoybu mav if you will, let him Elood in the Palate of the Mouth, and pour Wineant} Oyl into his Nolirils, and alfo give him to drink the deception of Figs and Nitrum fodden together, cr, elfe to anoint his Throst within, with Nitre, Oyl, and Honey, or elfe with Honey and Hogs-dung rhixt together. Other Farriers life to rowel the Horfeunder his Throat, and todraw the rowel twice or thrice a Day, anointing it with frefh Butter, and keeping his Head warm. Other of our later and better experienced Farriers, ufefirft |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical. 185
(if his years will permit him) to let the horfe biood in the Neck-
veja, then to lay to the fore this ripening Plaifter: Tak.e of Mallows, Linfeed, Rue, Smallageand Ground-Ivy of each a like quantity, boil thefe together in the grounds of Beer ; then put to itfome Oyl de Bay, and a little Dia Althea, then take it off the Fire, and make of it a PJaifter, and lay it to the fore, fuffering the horfe to drink no cold water: after the fore is broken, lay Bran fteept in Wine unto ir, till it be whole. Others ufe to cut the Kernels out between the Jaws, and then to wafh the fore with Butter and Beer, giving the horfe to drink new milk and garlick, and the juyee of the leaves of Birch, or in Winter the Bark .of Birch, or elfe to anoint it with Tar and Oil till it be whole. Now, for mine own part, the belt Cure that ever I found for the Strangle, was this. ■Asfoon as I found thefwelling begin to arife between his Chaps,
to take a Wax Candle, and holding it under the horfes Chaps, clofe - unto the Swelling, burn it fo long till you can fee the Skin be burnt through, jo that you may as it were raife it from the flefh } that done, youfhalllayuntoit, either wet hay, or wet.horfe litter, and that will ripen it, and make it break, then lay a Plaifter unto it on- ly of Shoemakers-wax, and that will both draw and heal it. Now if it break inward, and will not break outward, and fo avoideth only at his Nofe, then you fhall twice or thrice every day, perfume his head by burning under his Nofirils, either Frankincenfe or Maftick, or elfe by putting a hot coal into wet hay, and fo making the Smoke thereof to afcend up into the horfes head; or elfe to blow the Pow- der of Euforbium with a Quill:into his Nofe, and fo note, that Whatfoevercureth the Vives, cureth. the Strangle alfo. CHAP. XX VIII.
Of the Cankercus Vlcer in the Nofe. F'Hat which we call the Cankerous Ulcer in the Nofe, is only a
•*■ fretting humour, eating and confuming the flefh, and making it
all raw within, and. not being hoi pen in time, will eat through the
Nofe. It cqmeth of corrupt blood, or elfe of a fharp hunger ingen-
dred by means of fomeextream cold. •'
■ fl 'I"he /"Sns are' Tiie l1 °f fe Will often bleed at the Nofe, and all the
flefh within his Nofe will be raw, and filthy ftinlung favours, and
\ matter will come out atthe Nofe.
B h Tfe.s
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184 ®f Cures Chyrur^ical. Lib. 2.
The Cure thereof, according, to the ancient Farriers, is ■-, Ta- e of
green Copperas .and of Mom., of each a round; of white Copperas one quartern, and boil thefe in a pot le of running \A ater until a pint be confumed : then tike it off, and put 1 hereto half a pint of Honey, t! en canfe his He id to re hokten up with adre ching-ftafF, and fquirt into his Noftrils with a fquirt of Brafs or ewte:, fome of this Water being lukewarm, three or four times one after ano- ther i but betwixt every (quitting give him leave 0 hoi i down his Head, and to fndft out the filthy matter •, for othersife perhaps you might choak bim: and after this it (hall be good alfo wihout holding up his Bead any mo e, to wafh and rub his Noftrils with a fine Clout bound to a flicks end and dipt in the forefaid Wa!er,and do thu^ once a day until the Horfe be whole. Other Farriers ufe, if they fee this Canker to be of great heat.and burning in the fore with exceeding great pain, then you Shall take the juice of Purflane, Let- tice,andNight-fhade, of each a like quavtiry, and mix them toge- ther, and wafh the fore with a fine Cloath dipt therein, or elfe fquirt it up into his Nofti ils, and it will allay the heat. Others take of Hyflbp, Sage, and Rue, of each a good handful, and
fceth them in Urine and Water to the third part of them : then ftrain : them out, and put in a little white Copperas, Honey, and Aquavits, , and fo either wa(h or fquirt the place with it^ then when the Can- ker is killed, make this water to heal it: Take of Rib-wort, Beto- ny, and Daiies, of each a handful; then feeth them well in Wine and Water, and wafh the fore three or four times a day therewith until it be whole. Others ufe al'fo to takeChryftal, and bearing it into fine Powder, to Ilrow it upon the Canker, and it will kill it. CHAP. XXIX.
Of Binding at the Nofe. MAny Horfes (efpecially young Horfesj are oft ;fubjec~t to this
bleeding at the Nofe, which 1 imagine proceedeth either from the much abundance of Blood, or that the theVein which endcth in that place is either bio en, fretted,or opened. It is opened many times by means that blood aboundet-h too much, or that it is too fine or too fupple, and fo pierceih through the Vein. Again, it may be broken by fome violent ftrain, cut, or blow j and laftly, it rnay"be fretted
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-k-1^ 2« Of Cures Chyrurgical. 185
fretted and gnawn through by the (harpnefs of the blood, or elfe by
fome other evil Humour contained therein. The Cure i.% accordijig to the ancient Farriers, to take the jnice of the Roots of Nttdes, and fquirt it up into the Horfes Noftrils, and 1 y upon the mpe of the Horfe's Neck a wad of Hay dipt in cold Water, and when it waxeth warm, take it off, and lay on a cold one. Other Farriers ufe to take a pint of red Wine, and put therein a quartern of Bole-Armoriiack beaten into fine Powder, and being made lukewarm, to pour the one half thereof the firflday into his Nolhil that bleedeth, caufing his Head 1.0 be holden up, fo as the Wine may not fall out, and the next cay to give him the other half. Others ufe to let the Horfe blood on theBreaft-Vein, on the fama»*
fide that he bleedeth, at feveral times: Then take of Frankincenfe one ounce, of Aloes half an ounce, and beat them into fine Powder, and mingle them throughly with'the Whites of three Eggs until it be as thick as Honey, and with foft H&ir thruft it up into his Noftrils, filling the hole full of Afbes, Dung, or Hogs-dung, or Horfes-dung mitfc with Chalk and Vinegar. Now for mine own part, when none of thefe will remedy or help
(as all have failed me at fome time) then I haveufed this ^ Tate two fmalT whip cords, and with them garter him exceeding hard a- bont fome ten or twelve Inches above his Knees of his Fore legs, and juft beneath his Elbows, and then keep the nape of his Neck as cold as may be, with moift Cloths, or wet'Hay, and it will ftaunch him Prefently. CHAP. XXX.
Of the Bloody Rifts, or Chops in the PaUt of the Horfes Month.
pHefe Chops, Clefts, or Rifts, in the Palat of a Horfes Mouth, do
X proceed (as fome Farriers fuppofej from the eating of rough Hay, full of whins, thrftles, or other prickling.ftufF, provender full of 'harp Seed, which by continual prickingand fretting the Furrows of the Mouth, do caufe them to rankle, fwell and breed corrupt blood and flunking matter, and without fpeedy prevention tlTac Ulcer will turn to the fouleft Canker. The Cure thereof is, (according to the Opinion of the ancient
Farriers) to walh the fore places very clean with Salt and Vinegar mixt together, then to anoint it with Honey and Allom mixt toge- B b 2 the*
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18(5 OfCures Chyrwgical. Lib. 2.
ther. Other Farriers ufe (efpecially if the palate be much fwelled)
to prick the roof of the mouth with a hot Iron, that the Hum&urs. may iflue out abundantly, and then to anoint the place with Honey and Onions boiled together, till they be whole, CHAP. <XXXI.
Of the Giggs or Bladders in a Horfes Mouth. THefe Giggs, Bladders, or Flaps in a horfes mouth, are little foft
Swellings, ov rather Puftules with black heads, growing in the infide of the horfes Lips, next under his great Jaw- terth : They will fometimes be as great as a Wall-nut, and are fo painful unto him, that they make him let his meat fall out of his mouth, or at leaft keep it in his mouth unchawed, whereby the horfe can in no- wife profper : they do proceed either of eating too much grafs, or naughty rough pricking Hay or Provender, they are molt apparent- ly to be felt •• And the Cure is (according to the Opinion of the • oldeft and moil experienced Farriers,) firft to draw out the Horfes Tongue of the one fide of his Mouth, and then take a Launcet and flit the Swellings the length of a Date, and then with a Probe pick out all the Kernels like Wheat-Corns very clean : then take the Yolk of an Egg, and as much_§alt as will temper it thick like leyen : then make it into Utile Balls, and thrufl; into every hole, and fail not to do fo once a day, until it be whole. Others Farriers ufe, after they have flit them with an Incifion-
Knife, and thrufl: out the Corruption, .only towafh the fore places either with Vinegar and Sale, or elfe with AllonvWater. Others ufe with a fmallhot Iron to burn the Swellings, and then wafh them with Beer and Salt, or Ale and Salt, and it will heal them. Now that you may prevent this Difeafe before it come^ it fhall be good to pull out the Horfes Tongue often, and to wafh it with Wine, Beer and Ale, and fo /hall no Blifters breed thereon,, nor any other Difeafe. ..- |
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Lib. i.
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Of Cures Chyrurgical. i 8v7
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C H A P. XXXli.
Of the Lampafs,
FHc Lampafs is a fwellingor growing up of the'flefh, which over-
groweth the upper Teeth, which are the fhears in the uppsr Chap, and fo hindreth the Horfe from eating. They do proceed from abundance of Blood, referring to the firft Furrow or Bar oi the Mouth, I mean that which is next to the upper Fore-teeth ; it is moft apparent to be feen, and' Therefore needeth no other figns: The Cure is (according to the Cuftom of. the oldeft Farriers) firft' with a Lancetto let him blood in diver's places of the fwelling flefh j then take an Iron made at one end Irroad and thin, and turned up |
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according to this Figure, and heating.it red hot, burn out all
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that fuperfluoUs fwelfd flelh which overgrows the fore-teeth,
and then anoint the fore; p'ace'with fre/h butter until it be J whole: Others ufe, after it is burnt out, only to rub the fore place with Salt only, or waih it with Salt and Vinegar till it be whole. Others life to take a hooked Knife made very fharp and very hot, and therewith cut the fwoln places in two parts, crofs againft the teeth \ but if they be a little fwelJed, then cut but the third rank from the teeth, and lo let him bleed well: then rub it with a little Salt, and the horfe wilfbe well: but if you find afterwards that ei- ther through too much burning, or cutting, or through the eating of too coarfe meat, that the wound doth nothek'f, butratherrankk, thenyou fcalltakea Saucer full of Honey, and twelve Pepper-corns, and bray them together in a Mortar, and temper them up with Vi- negar, and boil them awhile; and then once aday anoint the fore therewith, till it be whole. C H A P. XXXIII.
Of the Cr.mry^or £r ounce,
^He Camery, or Frounce 'in Horfes, are fmall Pimples, or' Warts'
in the midftof the Palate of the mouth above,and they are foft and fore, they Will alfo fometimes breed both in his tojigueand in! his lips: itproceedeth fometimes from the eating of frozen grafs, or by drawing frozen duft with the grafs into their mouths: fome- times by "eating of moift hay, thai Rats or other Verniine have pift
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i 88 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. t]
pift upon, and fometimes by licking up of Venotru The Signs are
the apparent feeing of the j imples, or Whelks, and a forfaking of his Food, both through the fo'eefs of them, and through the aafa- vorinefs and ranknelsof the Food that he hath ea'en before. 95» The Cure (according to the Opinion of the oldeft Farriers J is, firlt to let him blood in the two greateft Veins under the Tongue, and thei wafh all the fore places with Vinegar and Salt: Then get the Horfe new Bread, which is not hot, and give it him to eat, and the Horfc will do well enough. But take heed you give but a fmall quantity of fuch Bread for fear of Surfeit, which is both apt and dangerous. Others ufe with a hot Iron to burn the Pimples on the Head, and
then wafh them with W ine and Salt, or Ale and Salt, until they ■bleed,* and.they will foon heal. Other Farriers ufe to take out his Tongue, and to prick the Veins thereof in feven or eight places, and likewife under his upper Lip alio*, and let him bleed well: then rub every fore place with Salt well ■■, then the next day wafh all the fore places with White-wine warm, orelfe with ftrong Vinegar, and rub it again with Salt j then for two or threa days let the Horfe drink no cold Water, and he will do well. CHAP. XXXIV.
Of the Canker in the Mouth,
" ■ ■
A Canker js fa}d of the ancient Farriers to be nothing but the
rawnefs of the Mouth and Tongue, which is fgll of very fore Blifters, from whence will run a very hot andfhaip L'.ye, which will fret and corrode, or rot the Flefh wherefoever it goetb. The figns are, the apparent fight of the fore, befldes, the forf iking of his Meat, becaufe he cannot fwallow it down, but lets it lye half chewed be- tween his Jaws, and fometimes when he hath chewed his Meat, he will thruft it out of his Mouth again, and his breath will favour very ftrongly, chiefly when he is falling.' This Difeafe proceedeth ofceft from fome unnatural heat coming
from the Stomach, and fometimes fromthe venom of filthy Food. The Cure is, fas the oldeft Farriers iriftruft us) to take of Aloni
, half a pound, of Honey a quarter of a pint, of Columbine-Leaves,,
of Sage, of each a handful, boil all thefe together in three pints of
running water, until one pint be confumed, and wafh all the fore
places
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Cbyrurgica/. 189
pLces therewith, lo as they m y bleed, and do thus once every day
until it be whole. Oiher tarries s ufe firft to caft thetlorfe,and with a Rolling-pin to open his Mouth, then with a crooked Iron wrapt a- bou. with Towor Flix, to iakeout all the frinking Grafs, or other Meat that lyeth in his Jaws and uader the Root of his Tongue ♦ then when you have cleanfed it thus you (hall heat ftrong Wine Vinegar fomewhat warm, and then with the fame Iron wrapt in Tow, and dipt in V\ ine-Vinegar, you (hall wafh sll the fore places till they bleed , then wafh all his I ongue and Lips with the fame Vinegar, and fo 1-t him rife, and then feed him at leaft feven days with warm Mafhes and hot Grains j but in no wife with any Hay, and Le will foo.1 be whole. Other Fa riers ufe to take of the Juice of Daffbdil-Roo's feven
drams, of juyce of Hounds tongue as much, of Vinegar as much, of Allom one ounce i mix thefe well together, and walh the Canker therewith once aday until it be whole. Others ufe to take of Savin, of Bay Salt, and of Rue of each a like quantity, and ftamp them to- gether with as much Barrows Greafe, and anoint the fore places therewith until theCanker be killed, which you may know by the . whuenefs, and then healing it up only with Allom-water. Others ufe firft to wafh the Canker till it bleed with warm Vine-
gar, to take a good quantity of Allom beaten into very fine pow- der, and mix it with ftrong Vinegar till it be as thick as a Salve; then to anoint all the fore places therewith, and do not fail thus to do twice or thrice a day until the Canker be whole. Now for mine own part, the belt Cure that ever I found for this
Sorance, is, to take of Ginger and of Alom, of each a like quantity, made into very fine powder; then with ftrong Vinegar to mix them together, till they be very thick like a Salve>then when you have waCht the Canker clean, either with Alom-water, or with Vinegar, anoint it with this Salve, and in twice or thrice drefling, the Canker will be killed, and after it will heal fpeedily. CHAP. XXTLV.
Of Heat in the Month and Lips of a Horfe. HTHe unnatural and violent Heat which arcendeth up from the
A Stomach into the Mouth, doth not always breed a Canker,. |
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ipo Of Cures Cbyrurpcal. Lib. 2.
but ibmetimes only heateth and indameth the Mouth ana Lipsy ma-
king them only fwell and burn, fo as the Horfe can take no joy in his Food, but through the grief refufeth his Meat, The Cure there- of is, firft to turn up his upper Lip, or that which is molt fwelled, and with a Lancet jag it lightly, fo that it may bleed, and then wafh both that and all his Mouth and Tongue with Vinegar and Salt, CHAP. XXXVI.
Of. the Tongue being hurt with the 2?;>, or otherwife_. IF the Tongue of a Horfe be either hurt, cut or galled by any ac-
cident ormifchance whatfoever, the belt Cure is (as the bid eft Farriers fuppofe) to take of Englifh Honey, and of fait Lard, of each a like quantity, a little unflackt Lime, and a little of the Powder of Pepper j boil them on a foftFire, and ftir them well together till they be thick like unto an Ointment-.then wafh the Wound with White-wine warmed: after that, anoint the Wound with the faid Ointment twice a Day, and by no means let the Horfe wear a Bit till it be whole. ii Other Farriers ufe firft to wafh the Sore with Allom water, and
then to take the Leaves of a black Bramble, and to chap them toge- ther fmall with a little Lard; that done, to bind it with a liule Clout, making it round like a fall; then having dipped the round end in Honey, to rub the Tongue therewi.h once a day un il ic be whole. C HA P. XX XVI1.
Of the Barbes 'or Paps underneath a Horfes Tongue.: THe Barbes are two little Paps which naturally do grow under
- every Hdrfes Tongue whatfoever, in the nether Jaw; yet if at any time they (hoot out, and grow into 5n extraordinary length, or by the overflow of Humours become to be Infi-jmed, then they are a Sorance, and with the extrearity of their pain, they hinder the Horfe from feeding. The Cure of them'is, both according to the opinion of the ancient and late Farriers, absolutely to clip them a- way with a pair of Shears clofe to the Jawy and then to wafh the fore either with water and fait, or ehe with tartar and ftrong vine- gar mixed together, or clfe with vinegar and fait. Any of all which wiJffiefifog&J -^ *°- aioh w ii C H A P. |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Cbyrurgical: ipi
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CHAP. XXXVIH.
Of the pain in a Horfes Ttetb, of yVolfs-Tectk, and Jaw-Teeth.
A Horfe may have?, pain in his Teeth through divers occafions,
as partly by the deftert of grofs humours from the head down unto the teeth and gums, which is very proper to Colts and young Horfes, and plainly to be ften by the ranknef* and fwellingof the gums; and alio he may have pain in his teeth, by having two extra- ordinary teeth, c. lied the Wolfs-teeth, which be two little teeth growing in theupper Jaws, next unto the great grinding teeih; which are fo painful to the horfe, that he cannot endure to craw his meat, but is forced either to let it fall out of his mourh, or elfe to keep it ftill half chewed. Again, a horfe will have a great pain in his teeth, whfnhi* upper Jaw- teeth be fo far grown, as they overhang the neither Jaw-teeth ; and therewith alfo be fo fharp, as in moving his Jaws, they cat and raze the in fides of his cheeks, even as they were razed with a Knife, Laftly, a horfe may havegreat pain in his teeth, when either by corruption of blood, or fome other natural weak- nefs,the horfes teeth grow lopfe & fore,in fuch mantier,that through the tendernefs thereof, he is not able to chaw or grind his Food. Now for the feveral Cures of thefe Infirmiries, you fhall under- hand, that firft: as touching the general pains in a horfes teeth which do come by means of the diitiliationof humours, it is thought fit by the ancienteft Farriers, firft to rub all the outfide of the Horfes gums with fine Chalk and ftrong Vinegar well mixt together.: : Other ancient Farriers ufe after they have fo warned the gums, to ftrow upon them the powder of Pomegranate pi lis, and to cover the temples of the head with the plaifter of Fitch, Rozen, andMaftick molten together, as hath been before Sufficiently declared. Now for the Cure of Wolfs-teeth, or the Jaw-teeth (according
to the opinion of the ancient Farriers) it is thus. Firft, caufe the Horfes Head to be tyed up high to fome Port or.Rafter, and his Mouth to be open'd with a Cord fo wide, that you may eafily fee every part thereof : Then take an Inftrument of Iron made in ail the points like unto a Carpenters gouge, and with your left hand let the edge of the tool at the foot of the Wolfs-teeth, en the outiide of the Jaw, turning the hollow fide of the tool downwards, holding C c your
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192 Of Cures Chymr^ica/. Lib. 2.
your hand fteadily, fo as the tool may not flip nor fwerve from the
aforefaid teeih: then, having aMal'.etinyour right hand, ftrike upon the head of the tool a good ftrcke wherewith you may loofen the tooth and make it bend inward, then ftraining the midfref your tool upon the Horfesneather 'aw, wrinch the tooth outward with the infide or hollow fide of the Tool, and thruft it clean out of his head , which done, fetve the other Wolfs teeth on the other fide in like manner, and then fill up the empty holes with Salt fine- ly brayed. Other ancient Farriers ufe, (and I have in mine experience found
kthebeturpracYiceJ only when the horfe is either tyed uporcaft, and his mouth opened, to take a very (harp File, and to file the Wolfs-teethfo fmooth as is pofiible, and then wafh his mouth with a little Alom-water. Now if the upper jaw-teeth over-hand the Bother ]a.#-teeth, and fo cut the infide of the mouth as is afore- faid, then you /hall take your former tool or gouge, and with your Mallet ftrike and pare all thofe teeth fhorter by little and little, by degrees, running alongft thern even from the firft unto the laft \ turning the hollow-fide of your tool towards the Teeth, by which means you fliall not cut the infides of thehorfes cheeks ; then with your File, Hie them all fmooth without any raggednefs, and then wafh the horfes mouth with Vinegar and Salt. Laftly- if the pain do proceed from the loofenefs of the Teeth, then the Cure is, according to the opinion of the ancient Farriers, firft to cart the horfe, and prick all his Gums over with a Lancet,, making them bleed well, then rubthemall over with Sage and Salt, and it will fallen them again. Others ufe to let the horfe blood in the vein under the Tail," next
the Rump, and then to rub all his Gums with Sage, and togi^ehim in his Provender, the tender crops of Black Briers j or elfe wafh all his mouth with Honey, Sage, and Salt beaten together, and by no means let the horfe eat any moift meat, for cold, moift, and Marifh feeding in the Winter, only breedeth this Difeafe of loofenefs in the Teeth, and it is of all other, moft proper to the Sorrel. Horfes. |
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CH A.P:
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgica/. ipj
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CHAP. <XXXIX.
Of Difeafes intheT{jckji»d Withers^ and fir ft of the Crickjn the Nmf^ THe Crick in the Neck of the Horfe, is, when he cannot turn
his Neckanyway,- but holds it ftill right forth, in fo much that he cannot bow down his head to take up his meat from the ground, but with exceeding great pain •■, and furely it is a kind of Convulflon of the Sinews, which proceedeth from cold caufcs, of which we have fpoken very fufficientiy before; it alfo proceedeth fometimes from over-heavy Burthens that be laid upon a Horfes fhoulders, or by ovei'-much drying upof the finews of the Neck. The cure thereof, acccording to the opinion of the ancientFarriers,is, firft to thruft a (harp hot Iron through the flefh of the Neck in five feveral places, every one diffant from the other three inches, (but in any cafe beware of touching any finew) then rowel all. the afore- faid places either with Horfe-hair, Flax, or Hemp, for the fpace of fifteen days, and anoint the Rowels with Hogs-greafe, and the Neck will foon be reftored. Others ufe, if the Crick caufeth the Horfe to hold his Neck ilrait forward, which fheweth that both fides are equally perplexed, to take a hot drawing-iron, and draw the horfe from the root of fhe ear, on both fides the neck, from the midft of the fame, even down the breaft, aftrawdeep, fo as both ends may meet On the breaft: then make a hole through the skin of the forehead, hard under the foretop, and thruft in a Cornet up- ward between the skin and, the flefh, a handful deepv then either put in a Coofe feather doubled in the midft,; and anointed with Hogs-greafe, or elfe a rowel of either Horn or Leather with a hole in the midft ^ any of which will keep the hole open, to the intent the matter may i flue forth: and this, yojj fhall;keep open the fpace often days, but every day during;the time, the Hole muft be , cleanfed once, and the Feather or Rowel aXfocleanfed and frefh a- i nointedand.put in again ; and once a day let him ftand. upon the , bit an hour or two, oreifebe riddeaabroid two or three miles, by fuchanone as wilfbeat fhe Horfes head, and make him bring ic in i but if the crick be .fuch that ic maketh the horfe t©-hold his head .^awry upon the one fide, which fheweth that but one fide of the neck is troubled, then you frail not draw the Horfe witha hot Iron on j., C c 2 both |
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»94 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. ■■.
both fides of the "neck, bat only on the contrary lide, as thus; Ifhe
bend his head towards the right fide, then to draw him, as is afore- said, only on the lcfr. fide, and to ufe the reft of the Cure as js above- jfaid, and if nccefltty do require, yon may fplent the Horfes neck alio flrait with ftrong fpleots of Wood. I have aired this crick in the neck only bv bathing the horfes neck
in the Oyl of Peter,or theOyI of Spike very hot,and then rolling it nil up in wet Hay, orrot'en Litter, and keeping the horfe exceeding warm, without ufingany burning, wounding, or other violence. C H A P. XL.
• Of the Wens in the Neck.
A Wen is a certain Bunrh or Kernel on the Skin, like a tumor
orfw<l!ii>g : The infide whereof ig femetimes hard like a griftle, and fpongeous like a skin full of (oft warts; and fometi'mes yellow likeiwtoRufty Bacon, with fome white grains amongft. Now of Wens, fome are great, and fome be fmall; alfo fome are very painful, and fome nor painful at all. They proceed, as fome imagine, of naughty,grofs,and flegmatick humours, binding together in fome fick part of the body. And ethers fay, they proceed from taking ofcold,or from drinking of waters that be malt extrearn cold -7 but I fav,that albeit they may proceed fronithefecaufes, yet mofl ge- nerally they proceed from fome pinching, hi uifing,biting, ripping,or galling,either of girths, haiter,collar, or any other thingNvhatfoever. The certainelf. Cure thereof is this, take of Mallows, Sage and red Nettles, of each one handful: boyl them in running water, and put thereunto a little Butter and Honey, and when rhe herbs be foft, take them out, an i allto bruife them, and put thereunto of Oyl de Bay two cuntes, and of Hogs-greafe two ounces, and warm Ihem together over the fire, mixingthein weli together: that done , plaifter it upon a piece of Leither,' fobig as the Wen, and lay it too To hot as the Horfe can endure it, renewing it every day in fuch fort the fpace of eight days, and if you perceive it will come to no head, then launce it from the incut of the Wen downward, fo deep, that the matter io the:lottom maybe difcovered and let out: which done,,heal it up with this Salve ; Take of Turpentine a quar- tern, and wafb-it nine times in fair Water, tlvenput thereunto the yolk
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31
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-^k 2« Of Cures Chyrurgical. i c, 5
yoikof anEgg,nnd a lictle Englifh Saffron beaten into p >w.]er, and
makea Tent or Roulof Flax, anddipic in that Oyntmen.t, and Jay Jt to the fore, renewing the fame every day once or twice, until theVVenbecisred. Others ufe in this cafe, with a hot Iron to burn and fear away
a" the fuperfiuous fltfh, and then to bed up the S'-re either with theOyntment laft rehcarfed, or elfe with the Powder of Honey and Lime mixt together t and this manner of Cure is by much the fpeedier. C H A P. XLI.
Of Swelling in the Neck, after Blood-letting. THe Swelling of a Horfes Neck after Blood-letting, may come
through divers occafions, as namely, by linking through the Vein, fo as fome of the Blood being gotten betwixt the flefli and the Vein, it there covrodeth andturneth to an Impoilhume, or elfc «yflriking the Vein with a rufty Fleam, whereby the Vein rank- jeth, or by fome cold Wind ftriking fuddenly into the hole, cr laft- ]Y-> byfuffering the Horfe too foon to thruft down his head, and graze or feed, whereby humours reforting to that place, breed a great Impofthumation: The Cure is, according to the opinion . fome Farriers, to take Hemlock and ftamp it, and then to mingle it wirhsheeps-dung and Wine-Vinegar, and fo making a PJalter thereof, to Jay it to the Swelling, renewing.-it once a day untill it: be whole. Other Farriers ufe firft to anoint the place with theOyl of Camomile warmed,' and then to hy upon it a little Hay wet m cold Water, and bind it about with a Cloath, renew- ing it every day for thefpace of a Week, to fee whether it win grow-to a head, or elfe vanifh away : if it grow to head, you may then launce it, and thruft out the matter j then heal it up by tent- '£u ^;Fl3.x dlPC' *'i Turpentine and Hogs-greafe molten toge- ther, dreffing it once a day until it be whole. |
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CHA P.
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Of Cures ChyrurgicaL Lib. 2.
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CHAP. XLU.
Hoxo to Staunch Blood. IF your HotTe either by wound or other accident, or by the igno-
rance of any unskilful Farrier thatletteth him blood when the Sign is in that place, bkedeth fo exceedingly that he will not be ftaunched, you (hall then according to the opinion of old Farriers, lay unto the wound a little new horfe-dung tempered with Chalk and ftrong Vinegar, and not to remove if from thence the fpace of three days ■■, or elfe to lay unto it burnt Silk, burnt Felt, or burnt Cloath, any of which will fbiunch blood. Others ufe to pour into the Wound the juyce of Coriander, or' elfe to let the Horfe chew in his Mouth the leaves of Perwinkle. Othersufeto take of bruifed Nettles, and lay them-to the Wound •, or elfe wild Tanfey bruifed, or hot Hogs-dung. Others ufe to take bruifed Sage and lay to the Wound : or elfe the Coamc about the Smiths Forge; or elfe a clod of Earth, or bruifed Hyffop; orthefoft crops of Hawthorn bruif- ed; or elfe to take two ounces of the Mot fes blood, and boyl it till it come to a powder, and then put that powder into the Wound. But when all thefe fail, as in fome extremities I have found them
do ; then for your only refuge, you (ball take the foft down either of Hares Skin, of a Coney Skin, and flop the Wound well chere- with, holding it to with your hand till the blood ftaunch : if ft be a grievous fore Wound, thenasfoonas the blood is flaked , fpread a plaifter of Bole-Armoniack -and Wine-Vinegar mixt over the Wound. C H A P. XLIJf.
Of the falling of the Creft.
THe falling of the FlorfesCreft, is, w-heri the upper part of a
Horfes Neck which is called' theCreft, leaneth either to the one or the other fide, and will not ftarid upright as it ought to do. It proceedeth moft commonly from poverty and very hard keep- ing, and efpecially when a fat h'orfe falleth away fuddenly upon any inward Sicknefs. The Cure (according to the o'.defc Far- riers) is, fiift to draw his Creft well a full ftraws brealh deep on |
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Lib. i. Of Cures Chyrurgical. 197
the contrary fide with a hot Iron, the edge of which Iron would be *
half an inch broad, and make both your Beginning and Ending fomewhat beyond the fall, fo as the firft Draught may go all the way hard upon the edge of the main, dole by the roots of the fame, bearing your right band down-ward into the Neck-ward: Then anfwer that with another draught beneath, andfo far diftant from the firft, ss.the fall is" broad compafling as it were all the fall: but ftill on the contrary fide, and betwixt thofe two draughts, right in themidft, draw a third draughc; then with an Iron Button of almoft zn Inch about, burn at each end a Hole, and alfo in the: fpaces betwixt the Draughts, make divers Holes diftant three fingers one -^T~o o">"*\ from another, as this Figure doth _JiL-"-------~-0\
plainly fbew you. Thar, done , to: j/® ^ O 0>5^
kill the Fire , anoint it every Day SBmmmmSMtB&SUL once with frefh Butter for a week or more; Then rake of Mallows and of Sage, of each one handful,
boy 1 them well in running water, anc^wafn the burning away till it be raw fiefh, and then dry it up with the Powder of Honey and Lime. u Other Farrifrs ufe for this Infirmity, firft to cafMhe Horfe upon
ibmefoft Dunghil, or other eafie place, and with a Knife to cue away the flefh ori the hanging or under: fide of the Creft, even from the fore end thereof to the hinder-endy. fix Inches broad and two Inches thick, or fomewhat more id thejniddle thereof where it is thethickeft, .then groping tie Creft! with your hands, to pare the thickeft part thereof, till ircome all to one thumefs, then holding the Horfe ftill faft bound, to cover all the place with great hand- fuls of fwines-dung prepared for the purpoie, and hold it to the fore place an hour together, iintil the blood be ftaunched •• Then let the. Horfe arili^ and lead him into the. Stable, tying him in fuch fort-, that he may neither rub his Neck nor lye down } then the next morning take good ftore of burnt Alom beaten to Powder, and ftrow:it all over thefbre place, and fo let* him ftand for two days after, without any ftirring, left the Wound fttould bleed again ■-, then at the end of thefetwo days you fhall bathe the. fore gently with a fine LinnenCloath, dipt in warm Urine, and then drying the Sore , again throw more burnt Alom upon it, and after anoint all about the outfide of the Edges of the Sore with Un- guentuoa
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1.9$ Of Cures ChyrurgicaL Lib. 2.
puentumAlbum Camphoratum , more than an Inch broad: thus
youfballdrefs him every day once on that fide of tne Creft which did fajl; then for the contrary lide you fhall draw his main there- on, and plat it in many Flats-, which done, you (hall to thofc Plats with thongs of Leather, faften a Cudgel of a foot and a half long : then to the midft of that Cudgel you fhall hang a piece of Lead withaholeinit, of fuch weight as will poize the Cre:t up even , and hold it in his right place. Then fhall you draw his Creft on that fide the weight hangs with a hot drawing-iron, even from the top of the Creft, down to the point of the fhoulder, nuking di- vers ftroaksone an Inch and an half from another : Then (lull you lay upon the burnt places a Plailler of Pitch, Tar, and Rozen molten together, andfo let the weight hang till all the fore places be healed, and there is no queltion but the Creft will ftand both upright and ftrongly. CHAP. XLIV.
A certain and approved way^ how to raife up the Creft that is fallen.
THe moft infallible and certain way to raife up, and to keep
when it is fo rifen, a Creft that is fain, is, firft, to raife up the fain Creft with your hand, and to place it in fuch wife as you would have it, and it ought to ftand ; then having one ftanding on the fame fide the Creft falleth from, let hirn with one hand hold up the Creft, and with the other thruft out the bottom or founda- tion of the Creft, lb as it may ftand upright: then on that fide to which it falleth, with an hoc Iron (fomewhat broad on the Edge) draw his Neck firft at the bottom of the Creft, then in the midft of the Creft, and laftly, at the fetting on of the hair, and be fure to draw it through the skin, but be fure no deeper,for this will inlarge and openthe Skin. : Then on the other fide (from whence ths Creft falleth,) gather
up the skin with your hand, and with two plaiftevs ot Shoe-makers Wax laid oneagairift another at the edgeof the Wound , and with fmooth fplints to ftay the skin, that it may fhrink neither upward nor downward, then with a pair of fharp Scizars clip away all tine fpareskin which you had gathered up with your hand , then with a needle and feme red filk, fticch the skin together in di /ers places, and
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j""3, 2' Of Cures Chymrgical. 1^9
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and to keep the skin from breaking, flitch the edges of theplaifter
together alfo, then anoint the fore with Turpentine, Honey and Wax molten together, and the places whiclfyou drew with the hot Iron , withpeece-greafe made warm. And this do twice a dav, till all be whole, and hare great care that your Splints flirink nor. CHAP. XLV.
Of the Manginefs in a Horfes Mam. 'pHeManginefs which is in the Mane of a Horfe, and maketi?
him (hed his Hair, proceedeth either from the ranknefs of blood, poverty, or loufincfs, or elfe of rubbing where a mangy Horfe hath rubbed, or elfe of fretting dull lying in the Mane for w ant of good dreffing. The Sign* are, the apparent rubbing andicchingof the Horfe about the Mane and Neck, a-?d the Scabs fretting both the flelh and the skin, befides the (hedding and falling away of the hair. The cure (according to the opinion of fomeof our old Far- riers) is, firft let him blood on the Neck-vein, and cut away* all the hair from the Scabs, then with a hot Iron as big as a mans finger, fear all the fore place even from the one end to the other: Then anoint all the place you fo burnt, with Black Sope, and now and then wafh it with ftrong Lye and Black Sope mixt together. Other good Farriers for this Manginefs only take of frefh greafe
one Pound, of Quick-filver one ounce, of Brimflone one ounce, of Kape-Oyl half a pint, minglethem together, and ftir them conti- nually in a pot with a flice, until the Quick-filver be fo wrought with the reft, as you (ball perceive no Quick-filver therein: that done, take a blunt Knife, or an old Horfe-comb, and fcratchall the Mangy places therewith untill it be raw and bloody, and then anoint it with this Oyntmentin the Sun-mine, if it may be to the intent *& theOyntmentmayfinkin, or elfe hold before it either a hot fire- Pa"' or a hot Bar of Iron, to make the oyntment melt into the flelh, and if you fee that within three days after thus once anointing him ne leave not rubbing, then mark in what place he rubbeth, and drefs that placeagain, and queftionlefs it will ferve. |
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D d C H AT.
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Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
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C H A P. XLVL
Of ttie fliedding of Hair in the Main.
HAir, for the moft part, fheddethor falleth from the Main of a
Horfe, by reafon of certain little Worms which eat and fret the roots of the hair afunder. The Cure whereof is, firft, to anoint the Main and Creft with black Soap, and then to make a ftronglyej, either of running water, and Afh-aftijes, or elfe of Urine and Alh- alhes, and with that to wash the Main ail over, and it will help him;. CHAP. XLVII.
Of the Pain and Grief in a Her-fes Withers. BOth. to a Horfes Withers, and alfo to his Back, do happen ma«
ny Infirmities and Sorances, fome proceeding from inward ■ Gaufes,»as of the Corruption of Humours, and fometimes of out- ward Caufes, as through the galling, pinching, and wringing of fome naughty Saddle, or fome heavy Burthen laid on the Horfes Back, or fuch like. ■■ And of thefe griefs fome be fmall, and fome be great. The fmall are only fuperficial Blifters, Swellings, Light-galls, orBruifings, and are eafily cured j but the great are thofe which pierce to the very Bone, and be moft dangerous,efpecially if they be- nigh to the back Bone. Then to fpeak firft to the fmaller gallings, whenfoever you (hall fee any fwellings to arife, either about your Horfes Withers, or any other part of his Back, the Cure is, (accor- ding to the opinion of fome of the old Farriers,) firft of all if the place be much fwoln and feftred, then to pierce it with a fharp hot Iron in many parts on both fides of the Neck, and then put into the fame tents of Linnen Cloth, dipt in warm Sallet-Oyl, and then after to dry and heal it up with the powder of Honey and Lime mixt together. Others ufe to take Butter and Salt, and to boyl them together un-
til they be black, then to pour it hot on the fwelling : and then to take warm Horfe-dung, and lay it on the fore Back until it be whole, drefling it once a day. Others (efpecially the belt of the ancient Farriers) ufeas loon as
tbeyfee any fwelling to arifc, to bind unto it a little hot Horfe dung
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Lib. 2. Of Cures ChyrurgicaL 201
dung, to fee if that will affwage it; which if it will not, then to
prick it rouad about the fweliing with a Fleim, Knife, or Lancet, . yet not too deep, but fo as it may pierce.the Skin, and make the Blood iflue forth ■-, that done, take of Mallows, of Smailage, two or three handfuls, and boyl them in running-Water until! they be fofoftas Pap*, then (train the Water ferny from it, and bruife the Herbs in a treen-difh, putting thereunto a little Hogs-greafe, or elfeSailed-Oyl, or Sheeps-fuet,orany other freih greafe ; boyl them and itir them together, not frying them hard, but as they be fofc and fupple, and then with a clout lay it warm upon the fore, re- newing it every day once until the fweliing begone, for it will ei- ther drive it away, or bring it to an head, which lightly chanceth not in thefe fmall fwellings, except fotne Griftle or Bone be perilh-* ed. Others of the ancient Farriers ufe, when they fee any fweliing to arife about a borfes back, firlt to shave the place with a Razor, and then to lay thereto this plaifter ; take a little wheat flower, and the white of an Egg beaten together, and fpread it on a linnen cloth, which being laid unto the fweliing two or three days, and not re- moved, will bring it to an head ■-, and when you come to take it off, pull it away fo foftly as you can poffibiy, and where you fee the Corruption gathered in a head together, then in the lowerl place thereof, pierce it upward with a fharp Iron fomewhat hot, that the matter or corruption may come out, and forget not to anoint the fore place every day once with freih Butter and Hogs-greafe until it be whole. Others of our late Farriers ufe, when they fee any fweliing, only
to lay wet Hay unto it, for that either will drive it away,or bring it iintoahead, and then wben it is broken, ■ you Ihall lay upon it a Plaifter of Wine-Lees, renewing it as often as it grows dry, andif your Lees be too thin, you may thicken them with wheat-flower: or if you like not this Medicine, then you may make a Plaifter of thick Barm, as great as the Sore, and renew it once a day until the fweliing be aU'waged, but if you fee thai any Corruption be knit together, then you fhall launce kin the nethermoft part, and let out the matter, then wafh the fore either with Urine, Ale, or Beer, made fcalding hot : then dry up all the moifture from the fore, ei- ther with a Linnen Cloth, or with a Spunge .• then coverall the fore over with burnt Alom beaten to Powder : And thus drefs the Horfeon.ce a day until the flelhbe grown upfo high as you would D d 2 have
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202 Of Cures ChyrurgicaL Lib. 2»
have it, then fhall you drefs the fore but once in two or three days.
But if you fee it skinneth but flowly, then may you anoint the edge of the fore all about after it hath been wafhed as aforefaid, with Unguenrum Album, for that will make the skin.come faft: but if you do perceive that by dreffing it too feldom, there doth begin to grow any proud ftefb, then you fhall take a dram of Mercury, and mingle it with anounceof Unguentum Album, and anoint all the fore places therewith onee in two days : This will correct the proud Flefh, and caufe it to-skin and heal fuddenly. Others ufe for the abating of thefe fwellings, to boyl mallows in
the grounds of Ale, and to clap it hot to the fwelling : and if the fwelling do break, wafhit with Pifs, and pour hot molten Butter • upon it. Others ufe to (have away the Hair, and then to lay very hot unto it a handful of Leeks ftampt and rnixt with Boars-greafe, orelfcto take a turf of eai*th burned red, and laid to- as hot as the horfe can fufFer it. Othersufe to take Nettles beaten to pieces , and mixt with hot Urine, and fo lay it on hot, and then fet on the Saddle : and then if after two or three days dreffing the fwelling break, then look if there be any dead flesh within the fore, and either eat or cut it out: then take a pound of fresh greafr, and a pound of Sallet-'oyl, three tunas of white Wax, one ounce of Turpentine, and three drams of Verdigreafe, melt all thefe together, and tent the fore therewith till it be whole, for this will both eat away the ill iksh, and incarnate good. Others takegteen Coleworts and (tamp them in fwines-greafe, and lay it plaifterwife on the fore, and it will afiWageif, efpecially if ycu riciethe horfe a little to make the me- dicine enter in. Now it there be no great fwelling, but only the skin chafed off", thenyou'shall wash the raw place with water and Salr, or elf- with warm wine, and fpi inkle upon it the powder of Honey and Lime-i or eMe the powder of Mirrh, or the powder of burnt hll<, orfelr, orcloath, or of anyoldpoft. Other Farriers ufe when only, the skin is galled off, to take a
fpoonfulcf thick Cr.eam, and tqfput as much Chimney-foot into it as will make it thick like anOynttoent, and then to lay it upon the fore, andaueftionleisitwillhealit piefently if the Wound be not very deep,, |
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Lib.
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Of Cures Cbyrurgical.
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2.
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203
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CHAP. XLV11I.
Of any Called Bach^orWithers, how great fever the Swelling or
Inflammation be. IF theSwelling,Pinch,Wringing,orGall, either upon the Withers,
or any part of the Backot a Horfe be extraordinary great, and much inflamed,fo that there is now no apparent hope that it can be gotaway without much Apofthumation: then the Cure, according to the opinion of the ancienteft Farriers, is, to take Barm, and mix it with fo much Soot of a Chimney, and make it fo thick therewith that it wall feem like Tar, and with that make a Plaifter, and lay it to the fore place, renewing it twice a day, and it will very fuddenly both jdraw and heal it perfectly. Others ufe to take a handful of Bay-Salt, and a handful of great
and imall Oat- meal, and put a quantity of old ftale Urine thereto, and ftir them all together, and temper it like pap, or pafte, and then make round balls thereof then throw them in a Fire, and make them red hot ; thentake them forth and beat them to fine powder , and thenftiow of that powder all over the fore, fb oft as you fhall fee any part thereof bare, and it will heal it. Other Farriers ufe if they fee the fwelling to beany thing great, firftt« draw round about the fwelling with a hot Iron, and then crofs him with the fame Iron, in manner, of this Figure: then take a round hot Iron, having a (harp point, and thruft it up into the fwelling on each fide upwards towards the point of the Withers, or top of the Back , to the intent that tlte matter may iffue downwards at both the holes j that done, tent both the holes fif\|t with a tent dipt in Hogs-greafe to kill the Fire, and alfo anoint all the burnt places therewith, continuing fo to do until the fwelling be all waged, renewing the tent every day once until the fiery matter be fallen away i thentent him again with waihed Tur- pentine, mingled with the yolks of three or four Eggs, and Saffron, renewing the tent every day once until it be whole. «H3 But if for all thisf he fwellirg do not go away, then it is a figtf of
fome inward Impofthumation, and then it fhall be good that you launce it,and let out the corruption ^ then take of Honey half a pint,of Verdigreafe two ounce* beaten to powder, and mix it together with Honey,
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204 Of Cures,pjyrurgical. Lit}, 2.
Honey> then bbyl them in a pot until they look red, then being luke-
warm, make either a tent or a plaifter,. according as the wound fhaH require, renewing the fame every day once until ic be whole.. But the fore may be lo vehement, that for want of looking to in time, if it be on the Withers, it will pierce downwards betwixt both the shoulders, even unto the body, which is moll dangerous and very mortal j therefore when foe ver you fha 11 fear any f'uch hollownefs , you (hall tent the hole with the Salve laft mentioned, and thruft af- ter, it a good piece of dry fpu'nge, as well to keep the hole open, as alfoto furk out the corruption, and this you frail-renew once a day until tire fore be whole. Others of our'late Farriers ufe to take Butter, Vinegar, and Bay-
Salt, and melting them together, lay it to the fore warm until it break, then ftrow upon it either Soot, or the Powder of Clay-Wall, but if it bemuch feltred, then'takea pottle of Verjuyce, two penny- worth of green Copperas, and boyl it unto .a "pint and a half: Then warn and fearch the hollownefs therewith,, then fill the bole with red Lead, andfo let it remain three days untouched, then wafh it with the fame water'a gain, and fill the hole again with red Lead, and fo every other day warn it with that Water, and lay red Lead thereon, and it will heal the foreft Back whatfoever. Now all thefe Medicines abeadyrehearfed are fufficient enough for the healing of any gall'd back whatfoever; yet forafmuch as divers Farriers hold divers opinions, and think what they know to be only bell approv'd, and inafmuch as you fhall not be ignorant of any mans skill or knowledge, which beareth any ground of reafon in it; I will repeat you a Catalogue of other Medicines, which afiuredly are all good in their kinds, and you mayjufe them as occafion shall be adminiftred. Firftthen know, that the powder of Briar-Leaves will dry and
heal up any galled back. Alfo Rye flower, the White of an Egg,
Honey, Bailey firaw burnt, and Soot, will dry up, andhealafore
Back: the powder of Honeyand, unflackt Lime will skin any gall:
the powder of wild Cucumbers dried in an Oven, will heal any
Gall, provided the Sore be firft washt with .Vinegar. Onions
boyled in Water and laid hot to a fwoln horfesback, wilt aflwage
. the 'fwellingj and the yolk of an Egg, Salt, and Vinegar beaten tb-
,gerher, wili heaf it when it is broken, provided that you wash the
""' fore fir 11 with Ale, wherein Rofemary hath been fod. The Soot-or
Grime Of a Brafs Pot, the powder of the bone of .Crab-fish,' .or the
i /„■'..'. powder
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kiD. 2j Of Cures ChyrurgicaL 205
Srk/eC °f Jyfter shds' aay of thefe wiJ1 dry and skin a §alled
Laftly, (and befides it a man needeth no more medicines) for this
purpofe, take Hay and boy 1 it ftrong in Urine, and lay it to the iwellrd place, and it will either aflwage it, or bring it to a head , tnen launce it, and let out the matter ; then flop the hole with Ro- zen, Wax, and fresh Greafe molten together ; but if you find any dead flesh to grow within the fore, then eat it out with either Ver- aigreafe beaten to powder and ftrewed thereon, or elfe with Mer- cury calcined, called of fome precipitate, being likewife ftrowed on the proud flesh \ and when the proud flesh is gone, you may dry up the lore only with the powder of Rozen, and nothing elfe. Seefur- lu £-!hls Difeafe in the new Addition for the-Fiftula, marked,
thus DCf3 CHAP. XL1K.
Of a Canker in the Withers of a Horft. T'F aHorfe after, he hath been violently wrung upon the Withersv
A Mattered to go unlooked to, and that the fore breaketh upward tarougn its own violencex yet the greateft fubftance of the matter or corruption defcending and rotting ftill downward, it cannot chufe out breed a Cankerous and Vile Ulcer, as dangerous as is any Fi- fiS ^hlch/°« shall know by thefe figns : Firft, the matter that if- hair a™?? t5e fore' w,n be sharP>ho£>and waterish lye, fretting the S i!ray^hfre"runnethdown» 2Ed about the hole of the fore E/i^' proud' dead flesn* which ftoppeth the HS S?fs ma"en Now the cure of this Cankerous fore ;Sg tothe opinion of the old Farriers, to take a Razor, and £L£ if °le °f th,eUicer> f°that you may fee into the hoi- tSLU^rf^^i^^^^^y^come»the quick, ■
Salr£ 3ua[tofodftaie Urine, and put thereto a handful of
ther^ri! r°?lu wel] °.nr£he fire, then having cleanfed the fore ei- Sen7a£?K lotfiOT* Mp.of Hay, wash it well with theLiquor:, SffiW/^ eggs'and a Pe»ny worth of Verdigreafe, heiWPSCf5QWer' andmaiie aplaifterthereof, and lay it to Othel,lf ghl11?In thisfort ^cead.lymtilitbewhole:
seft Be? a niSr anC-ent and Iatter Farriers ufe t0 take of the {fron- ts cee. a pint, pntiatojt a quarterof a pound of Aloro, and half a feandfuir
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205 Of Cures Chyrjtrgical. . Lib. 2.
handful of Sage, feeth it to the one half, then take out the Sage-
leaves, and with the reft dre?s the horfe once a day, and it will heal any Cankerous fore in any part whatfoever. CHAP. L.
> Of the Stickzfafti or Sit-fafi^ Horns, or hard Bones growing
under the Saddle.
THefe Stick-falls, Sit falls, or Horns, that grow in aHorfes skin
under the Saddle, is a certain dead Skin like a hard piece of *-eaE her, growing fall in theflelh: It cometh of fome old bruife , which not irnpofthumating, the skin falleth dead, and fticketh hard and fall to the flefh. Kl3 The cure is, Take either a lharp crooked inftrument made for the purpofe, orelfealongnail, with the point turned inward, and catdu ing hold on the edge of the dead skin,or horn, which will clap or rife from thefound^skin, and with a fharp knife cut away all the dead hard skin fronTthe found flefh: and if when it is cut out, the hollow - nefs be fomewhat deep, then you /hall heal it up by pouring hotraol- ten Butter into it evening and morning: then when the flelhismade even, dry and skin it either with the powder of Honey and Lime, or with Soot and Cream mixt together. Others ufe firft to anoint the Stick-fall or hard Skin with frefh Butter or Hogs-greafe, until it be mollified and made (oft, fo as you may either cut them or pull them away, and then warn the wound either with mans Urine, or with white-wine, and then dry it up with the powder of Oyfter- • faels, orBole Armoniack. CHAP. LI.
Of Wem or Knobs growing about the Saddle-Skirts. THe Wens or Knobs which, grow about the Saddle-Skirts, do
moft commonly grow betwixt two Ribs, and do ever proceed of oldbruifes. And the cure is, firft to mollifie them by anointing them twice or thrice a day with Hogs-greafe, for more than a week together, and fometimes to bathe them with hot wine-lees: but if in that fpace it will come to no head, then launce it from the middle downwards., and tentit with wafhed Turpentine, yolks of Eggs, and Saffron mingled as well together as is before fhewed, renewing |
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Lib. 2. Oj Cures Chyrurgical. 207
the Tent every day once, until the Sore be fufficiently and perfect-
ly healed. Look unto the Cure for the Splent, and what cureth that, helpeth this. CHAP. L1I.
Of the Navel-Gall.
THe Navel-Gall is, when aHorfe at any time is bruifed on the
top of the Chine of the Back, behind the Saddle, ri grit again!!: the Navel, whence ittaketb,the name: It comech either by fplitting of the Saddle behind, or for lack of fluffing, or by means of the Crupper buckle fittting down in that place, or through fome hard weight or knobs lying directly behind the Saddle : of all bruifings on, the back, it is the moft vile and dangerous, and you fhall perceive it by the puffed upandfpbngy fiefh, looking like old rotter, Lights about the mouth of the fore. The cure thereof is, according to fome of the ancient Farriers, firfl: to cutaway all the dead or proud flesh even to the bone, then burn a hole four Inches lower than the na- vel gall, and put a Rowel of Horfehair through it: then take the powder of Oyfter-fhells, or of any old fhoe-fole burnt, and ftrow it on the fore, and ever as it waxeth moifr, put on more powder. Other Farriers for the Navel-gall, do take the white of an Egg ,
wheat-flower, honey, muftard and foap, of each a like quantity, and mixing them together", make a plaifter thereof, and after the dead flefh is taken out, and the fore wafh'd with Ale, Butter, and Urine, then lay on the plaifter: and if the proud flesh begin to grow again then the powder of an old burnt fhoe, or Nerve Oil, or Verdigreafe will kill it, and the powder of Oyfter^shells will skin it. Others of the'ancient Farriers ufe, after they have cut cut all the rotten and dead flesh, to take the white ofanEggand Salt beaten together, and lay that plaifter-wife to the fore upon a little Tow, renewing jtonce adaythefpaceof two days j then take of Honey a quarter of a pint, and of Verdigreafe one ounce beaten intp powder, and boil them together in a pot, flirting it ftill, until it look red, and being kike-warm, make a plaifter with Tow, and clap it to the Wound, washing and cleanfing well the Wound firfl: with a little warm Vinegar or White-wine, continuing Co to do once a day until it be- gin to heal and to skin •, then dry it up with fprinkling thereon this E e powd>
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208 Of Cures Chyrurgical. . Lib. 2-
powder following: Take of Honey a quartern, and as much of
onflackt Limeas will thicken the Honey, and make it like a Pafte, and in a Fire-pan over the Fire, ftir it ftill until! it be hard baked, To as it may be beaten into powder: but ever before yois throw on the powder, wash the wound firft: with warm Vinegar, continuing (o to do until if be perfectly skinned. Others ufe to heal this Gall by laying on the fore, aPlaifter of Chimney-Socfc and Barm mixt together, or elfe mix Nettle Seeds and Sallet-Oyl together, and a- nointihe Sore therewith. There be others which ufe only to wafh the fore with warm U-
rine and Salt, and then to anoint the ptece with frefh Greafe and Salt mixt together, or elfe to take of Eettony, Powder of Brimftqne, Elebor, Pitch, and old greafe, of each like quantity, and ftamp thern together, and whenyouhave warned the Sore with old Urine, then anoint it with this Ointment until it bewhole. See alfo for this Di- feafe in the new Additions for the Fiftula, thus marked -8dr* C H A f. Lllf.
Of the Swaying in the Bacl^,
AHorfe is faid to be fwayedin the Back, when either by too
great a burthen, or by fome flip, Itrain, or over-hafty and ftrait turning, he hath taken an extreme Wrench in the lower part of his Back below his Short RiBs, and dire&ly between his Fillets-,, the figns whereof are continual reeling and rolling of the Horfes hinder parts in his going, and alfo he will falter many times, and fwayfometimes backwards, and fometirnes fide-long, and be ready to fall even to the ground; befides, the Horfe being laid, will with a great deal of difficulty rffe up again.. The Cure, according to the opinion of the old Italian Farriers,
is, to take of the Fat of the Fruit of the Pine-tree two ounces, of Olibanum three ounces, of Roxen four ounces, of Pitch four ounces, of Bclearniomck one ounce, and of Sanguis Draconis half an ounce .- incorporate all thefe well together, and lay it plaifter-wife all over the Reins of the Horfes back, not taking it by any means away un- til it fall off. Others of our own Farriers ufe firft to cover the Horfes back with
aSheep-skin coming hot from the Sheeps back, laying the flefliy fide next to his Back, and then lay a warm houfing cloath upon the fame, to keep his Back as. hot as may be, aad fo leti-t continue until |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chymrgical. 2 Op
it begin to fmell j then take the. old Skin away, and apply a new
unto it, continuing fo to do thefpace of three Weeks, and if he amend not with this, then draw his Back with a hotJron right out on both fides of the ridge of his Bsck, from the pitch of the Buttock unto a handful within the Saddle: and then again overthwart, according to this Figure, and let every Line be an inch One from another, neither let the ftroke be deep, and burned no more than |
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that every one may look yellow:
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Then lay upon the burning this
charge or Plaifter ; Take of Pitch one pound, of Rozen half a pound, of Bole-Armonick half a pound made into Powder, and
half a pint of Tar, and boil all thcfe together in a pot, and ftir it till every thing be molten, and throughly mingled together, then being lukewarm, daub all the burning therewith very thick,^ and thereupon clap as many flocks of the Horfes Colour as you can make to abide on, and remove it not before it fall away of it "felf, and if it be in Summer, you may turn the Horfe to Grafs. CHAP. LIV.
Of [fecial Weakmfs in the Back. According to the Opinion of our oldeft Farriers (though my felf
have taken little notice of the infirmity) there is another kind of Weaknefs belonging to a Horfe's Back, which they call the fret- ting, or bitting of the Reins, which doth, proceed from abundance of humours reforting to that place, whereby all the hinder Parts of the horfe do lofe their feeling and ftrengtb, and fuch a hprfe falleth down to the ground; yea, and the humours many times reforting to the heart, do Mbcate the fame, and in two or three hours do caufe the horfe to dye. The Cure, according to the opinion, is, Firft to let the horfe blood abundantly in the Neck- vein, and to draw bis back with a hot Iron, in fuch'"fort, as is declared in the lafl: Chapter, and then to make him fwim a pretty while in fome River % then rowel him upon the haunches near unto the huckle-bones, and E e 2 then
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3 Of Cures• Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
then to anoint the fore place with Hogs greafe, and three-leaved
grafs, ftamped together, until he be whole. CHAP. LV.
Of the Swelling of the Cods or Stones.
THis kind of Swelling or Inflammation of the Cods cometh
either by fome wound received, or by the flinging, or elfe biting of fome venemous Beaft, or elfe by fome great ftrain either in running or leaping, or by the biting of one Horfe with another. The Cure is, according to the Opinion of the moft ancient Italian Farriers, firft to bathe the Cod with water, wherein hath been fod- den the roots of wild Cucumbers and Salt, and then to anoint it with an Ointment made of Oil, Goats greafe, and the white of an Egg, or elfe to bathe the Cod in warm Water, Nitrum and Vinegar mingled together, and alfo to be anointed with an ointment made of Chalk, or of Potters-Earth, Ox-Dung, Comin-Water and Vi- negar mingled together-, or elfe to be anointed with the juice of the herb called Nigbt-fhade, or with the juice of Hemlock, which growson Dunghils •, and if need require, to let him blood on the flank- veins. But our latter Farriers, who hold that this Difeafe cometh ofteft after fome ficknefs, or furfeit with cold, being a fign of amend- ment from that ficknefs, do cure it in this fort j Take of Bean-flower, Wheat-meal, Comin, and Hogs greafe, of each a like quantity, and making a Plaifter thereof, fpread it all over the Horfes Cods and Stones. Others boil Groundfel in Wine Vinegar, and fo bathe the Horfes Cods therewith i or elle take a quart of good Ale-wort, and fet it on the Fire with Crumbs of Brown-bread flrongly leavened, and better than a handful of Comin made into Powder: Then with Bean-flower make aplaifter of them all, and apply it to the grief as hot as can be fuffered; or if this help not, take Cows Dung, and feethe it in Milk, and lay it upon the Swelling as hot as may be, and it will aflwage it. But if this Inflammation proceed from ranknefs of Seed, which you fhall fee by. the much iDoift lliminefs of his Yard, then you fhall firft make hira cover a Mare, then keep him without Provender, and let him Blood above the great Vein, which is between.his Lips, and lay thereto hard Eggs beaten in his own Dung, and make a Plaifter of the fame, and lay it to his Cods, and «nce a day wafh his Cods with cold water. |
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Lib. 2 Of Cures Chjrurgical. ! 211
Other ancient Farriers ufe to let the Horfe blood in his flank-
veins, and then take Oil of Rofes and of Vinegar, of each half a pint, of Bole-Armoniack half a quartern beaten to powder, mix them together in a Cruze, and being luke-warm, anoint the Cods there- with, with two or three Feathers bound together; and the next day ride him into, the water, fo as his Cods may be within the water, giving him a turn or two therein, and fo return fair and foftly home unto the Stable ; and when the Horfe is dry, anoint him again as before, and do this everyday until the Hoiie be whole. Now there be other Farriers, which hold that this Difeafe may
come by means of evil humours, and .corrupt Blood, which reforc unto the Cods; and the Cure is, To cover all the Cods over with a charge made of Bole-Armonick and Vinegar wrought together, re- newing it every day once until the fwellihg go away, or that it break of it felf, and if it break, then to tent it with Mel Rofatum, and make him a Breech of Canvafe to keep it in, renewing the tent I every day once, Until it be perfectly well. C H A P. LVI.
Of Imotdingy or 'Barfting, or the Ruftnre in Horfes. nr His Rupture, as our old Farriers call it, this Incording or Burft-
■*- nefs in Horfes, is, when the rim or thin film which holdeth the Guts up in a Horfes Body is broken, fo that the Guts fall down ei- ther into the Cods of the Horfe, or into the Horfes flank, as I have feen divers. Now this Burftnefs cometh either by fomeftripe or blow of another horfe, or elfe by fome flrain in leaping over a hedge or a ditch, or by teaching a horfe to bound when he is too young, or when a horfe goreth himfelf upon fome pole or ftake, or by forcing a Horfe when he is full to run beyond his ftrength, or by flopping a horfe too fuddenly upon naughty and hollow ground, whereby the ftradling and flipping of his hinder-feet, may ftretch or tear the rim. The Signs to know this Sorance before it be apparent to the eye, ,
are, The Horfe will forfake his Meat, and ftand (hoaring or leaning always on that fide he is hurt j and on that fide, if you fearch witk your hand betwixt the Stone and the Thigh, upward to the Body, aD5 f0™6**13* above tne Stone, you lhall find the Gut it felf big . and hard m the feeling, whereas on the other fide you fhaUfind no fuch thing. Now
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2 i 2 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
Now for the Cure, although for mine own part I both do and
fbaH ever hold it uncurable., as. long as a Horfe is a Beaft without rea- ibn, yet for your fatisfa&ion, I will not flick to repeat what the belt Farriers, and my felf have, practiced, in as much as it worketh much good., though no abfolute Cure. The Cure then is, to .bring the Horfe into fome houfe or place
which hath over-head a ftrong baulk or beam going overthwart, and ftrow that place, thick with Straw, then put on four ftrong patterns, with four rings on his feet, and fatten one end of a long icpe to one of thofe rings then thread all the other things with the Ioofe end of the rope, and £> draw all his four Feet together, and call him on the ftraw, that done, call the rope over the baulk, and hoift the horfe fo as he may lye flat on his Back, with his Legs up- ward without ftrugling, then bathe his Stones well with warm wa- ter and butter molten together* and the Stones being fomewhatwarm and well mollified, raife them up from the. Body with both your hands, being clofed by the fingers clofe together, and holding the Stones in your hands in fuch manner, work down the Gut into the Body of the horfe, by ftriking it downwards continually with your two thumbs, one labouring immediately after another, until you perceive that fide of the Stone to be fo (mall as the other j and fo having returned the Gut into his right place, take a Lift of two fin- gers broad, throughly anointed with frcfh butter, and tye his Stones both together with the fame, fo nigh the Body as may be, yet not over hard, but fo as you may put your finger between : that done, take the horfe quietly down, and lead him gently into the Stable, where he muft ftand warm, and not be ftirred for the; {pace of three Weeks : But forget not the next day, after you have placed his Gut in its true place, to unloofen the Lift and take it away, and as well at that time, as every Day once or twice after, toeaft a.Difh or two of cold water up into his Cods, and that will make him to fhrink up his Stones, and thereby reftrainthe Gut from falling down; and at the three weeks end, to make your Cure fo much the furer, it were not amifs to geld the Stone on that fide away, fo fhall he hardly be burften again on that fide 5 and during the Cure, let him not eatmuchj nor drink,much, and let his drink be always warm. |
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e hap.
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgicai. 2 1 3
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CHAP. LVI1.
Of the Botch in the Groins of a Horfe. IT is the opinion of the befl Horfleaches, that if a grofs Horfe
which is full of humours, be fuddenly and violently laboured, that then the humours will refort isto the weakeft part,-and there gather together and breed a botch, and efpecially in the hinder parts betwixt the Thighs, not far from the Cods: The figns are, the hin- der Legs will be all fwoln, efpecially from the Cambrels or hoofs upward, and if yon feel with, your feand, you fhallfiad a great knob or fwelling, and if it be round and hard, it will gather to a head. ; The Cure according to the general pra&ice, is, firft, toripenit
with this Philter j take of Wheat-flower, of Turpentine, and of feoney of each like quantity, ftirrirsg it together to make a ftifF plai- ner, and with a Cloath toy it to the Sore, renewing it once every day, until it breakor wax loft: and then launce it, fo as the mat- ter may rundownWard, then Tent it with Turpentine andhogs- greafe molten together, renewing it every day once, until it ba perfectly #hoie. CHAP. LV1II.
A,mfi certain and approved Cure for the Botch in the Groins, or any 1 Impofthwnation,
Ik ^ *°on asyou perceive the fwelling toapprar, lay upon it a plai-
■£lL flerof Shoe-makers Waxj fpread upon Allom-Leather, and let it lye until the Sore grow foft: then open it with a Lancet, or let it break of it felf; when the filch is come out, wall) the Sore very well with'Jlrong AUom- water, then Tent it with the Oynt- ment called iEgyptiacumtill it be whole. ; , CHAP. LIX.;.
Of the Itch, Scab, or Mangtmfs in the Tail, er general falling:
of the Hair,,.'
HOrfes, through the Corruption of blood,, or the fulnefs of Rank
feeding, or through overheating and labouring, or by the infection of other Horfes, do many times get the general Scab, Itch, or Manginefs in the 'Ta'i!,andifometimes in the Spring-time horfessre often
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214 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2-
often troubled with the Truncheon-worms in their Fundament,
which will make them rub their Tails,, and fret the hair, yet are free both from Mange and Scurf. Wherefore if then you only rake the horfe with your hand, anoint it with Soap, and pull out the Worms, you fhall caufe the hot fe to leave his rubbing; but if you perceive the hair to fhed and fail from the tail, through fome finall Worms that grow at the roots of the hair, or through fome little fretting fcurf, then you fhall anoint all the tail with foapeven to the groundv and then wafh it with very ftronglye after, and that will both kill the Worms, -and fcour out the fcurf; but if much of the tail befal- len away, then you fhall keep the tail continually wet with a fponge dipt in fair water, and that will make the hair to grow very fafe Now if in the horfe-tail fhall grow any Canker, which will con- fume both the fleih and bone, and make the joynts to fall away one by one, then you fhall wafh all his tail with Aqua-fortis, or-ftrong Water made in this fort j Take of green Copperas and of Alom , of .each one pound, of white Copperas a quartern, boil all thefe toge- ther in three .quartsof running-water, in a very ftrong earthen pot, until one half be confumed; and then with a little of this Water being made luke-warm, wafh his Tail with a little clout or flax bound to the end of a ftick, continuing fo to do everyday once till it be whole. But if, as I faid before, through the corruption of Blood, Food, or Labour, this Scab, Itch, or Manginefs, fpread uni- verfally into many parts of the tail, you fhall then likewife wash it ■with the fame ftrong water until it be whole. CHAP. LX.
Of the general Scxh, Manginefs^ or Ltprofie, over the whole 'Body. THegenerafManginefs, orLeprofie, which-runneth all over the
horfes body, is a cankered filthy fcurf which covereth the fame, proceeding from abundance of melancholy corrupt blood, in- gendred by infeeiionor unwholefomeFood, orelfe by indifcreet la- bour. The figns whereof are, 'the horfe will be all mangy, and co- vered over with a white filthy fcurf, full of fcabs, and raw plats a- bout the neck and flanks, and ill-favoured to look.on, and.rubbing, fcratching^ and biting: of all difeafes there is none more infeftious, .nor will more certainly kill a'horfe if it be not prevented.' |
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Lib.
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Of Cures Chyntrgical. 215
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2.
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Now the Cure, according to the opinion of skilful Farriers, is
ririt to let the Horfe blood in the one fide of the Neck-vein and witnintwo days after on the other fide of the Neck, and within two aa.ys at£er that, ih the Flank-reins, and lair, of all, in the vei n under the tau: then wafh all the fore places with Salt brine, and rubbing them nard wnh a wifp of ftraw hard twitted, fo as thev may bleed well,and oeai raw: that done, anointthe places with this ointment, Take of ^.uictc-iilver one ounce, of Hogs-greafe onero;ind, of Brimftone tht lni,° P°wder a quartern, of Rape-oil a pint, mingle thefe Mimgs well together, untill the Quick-fib/er be throughly incorpo- rated with the reft, and having anointed all the raw place? withthis yyntment, make it to fink into the flelh, by holding and waving up and down over it, a hot broad Bar of Iron, and then touch him no more again the fpace of two or three days : During which time, if you Ice that he rubbeth ftiil in any place, then rub that place again with an old Horfe-comb, or a hair-cloth, to make it raw, and anoint ".with frefh Oyntment. Gut if all this will not help, then with a not iron round and blunt at the point, fo big as a Man's little finger, rnall the mangy places, making round holes, palling only through
^esKinand no further: For which intent it fhall be needful to pail the skin firft from the flesh with your left hand, holding it ftill until you have thruft the hot Iron through it, and let every hole be |p,an o?e-from another, and ifneedbe,ycu may anoint thofe holes
his Curin"- S°PC' Snd leC the Horfe be very thin dieted' durin§
Now'for mine own part, I do utterly diflike this burning, for it
-isa toul manner of Cure, and breedeth much Eye fore in the Horfe,
tprth u r 0ther of our latter Farriers ufe for this Difeafe, af-
xl nf■ f ^%is let blood in tfee Neck-vein, to take a good quanti-
y 01 rrein Greafe, and mix it well with the powder of Chalk, then
1 ut tnereto a good quantity of the powder of Brimftone and Eli-
^rnpane roots, and ftir them all well together, and take a pretty
Salfet !?■? *Q5lck"filver> ^d kill it with your fatting fpittle , or
aSVl' uand mix it with all the reft very well together , and fo
tW, r tne,fore Pkces about the Horfe with this Ointment. O-
Snw5 , Lamp-oil, the fine powder of Brimftone, of black
lik? n„ 3 3r' ° "ogs-greafe, and the Soot of a Chimney, of each
on tSfi y' a"dthen mix them all well together, by boiling them
««.nre, and then anoint all the fore places therewith, as hot as
F f the.
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2 16 Of Cures Chyrurgical, Lib. 2.
the horfe can endure or fufFer it, always provided that the horfe be
let blood before you ufe the oyntment. Others ufe, after the horfe is let blood, to take of Oyl de Bay a
pound, and of Quick-fiiver one ounce, and mixing them together never leave ftirring thereof, till the Quick-fifver be killed and in- corporated with the Oyl, then anoint all the fore places therewith,, after you have m ide them raw by rubbing them. Other Farriers ivc rirft to let the horfe blood , then to wafh all
the fore places within two days after with Water wherein young Broom, or the Herb Arfmarc hath been well fodden and finally chopt and mixt with a little Soot, and rub him well until! the fore places bleed \ then take a pound of black Soap, a pottle of keenmu- ftard, four penny=worth of Brimftone made into powder , three penny-worth of Quick-filver well killed with freth Greaie, two penny-worth of Verdigreafe, a quarter of a pint of Greafe, ftirall thefe together in a Veflel till the Greafe and other things be molten with labour, and without fire, and therewithal anoint all the fore places, and with once anointing, and twice warning, this- will cure him. Other Farriers ufe, if the Horfe be young, to let him blood on
both fides the neck, and then to cut the skin down the midft of hjs fore-head two fingers in length ; then with a cornet open the skiruan inch wide on bothfides the flit, and put therein thin fticesof the green root of Elicampane, or Angelica, which is better : fo lee them remain under the skin till the matter rot, then crulh k forth after two or three days, and in twelve days the roots will fall out as it healeth } but this will cure the Mange, provided that you anoint all the fore places with the powder of Brimftone, Verdigreafe, and Oyl-Olive mixt upon a fire very well together. Others ufe after blood- letting, to rowel the horfe under the neck, that the evil hu- mours may iilue forth, then to rub all his body quite over with an hard hair-cloth, or with an old curry-comb, until the horfe bleedeth, after that, take of Sulphur, Salt and Tar-tar, of each a liife quantity, best them and temper them with very ftrong Vinegar, and as much common Oyl; and therewith anoint all the fore places: or elfe take ?ery ftrong Wine-Vinegar, the Urine of a Boy under twelveyears of age, andthe juyce of Hemlock, mix them together, and wafh Ihehorfe therewithal*. Other Farriers ufe after bidod-kuing, to anoint the Horfe with
one
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgicai. 217
one of thefe Oyntments, the fore having been before rubbed till it
bleed, either with Brimftone, Oyl, Vinegar, Salt, Soot, SwinesTdung, and unflackt Lime, of each a like quantity, weil mixt and boyled together; or elfe with Brine-Water fod with Nettles, oreifewith Vinegar, Alom, and Salt-nitre boyled together, or elfe waft the fore with Beef-brcth; then boyl Pepper beaten to powder, Verdigreafe, and Chervel in frefh Greafe, and anoint the horfe all over there- with, holding a Chafing-difh and Coals, or a hot Bar of lion to his body, tomaketheoyntment finkin. H Laftly, and as gocd as any of the reft,after the Horfe hath been let
blood, take an old Curry-comb, or a Wool card, and rub every fore plate about the Horfe till it bleed,- then lake of the oldeftPifsyou can get, a Pottle, and of green Copperas three quarters of a pound, mix and ftir them well together ; then fet them on the fire, and boyl them a while, then as hot as the Horfe can fuffer it wash him with the fame •• After his warning is a little dryed, take of Oyl one ounce and a halfjOf Quick-filver two ounces, of white Eileborus onecuace with a good quantity of Swines-greafe, mingle all thefe well toge- ther, till no part oftheQuick-filver can befeen, and then anoint- the Horfe all therewith : and if the firft time doth not cure him, thefe- cond will moft afiuredly j provided, that during the time of cure, you keep the Horfe with a very thin diet. CHAP. LX1I.
Two moft excellent and proved Medicines, (efpecially the latter) for the
fonlejl tJMavge or Leprofie that can poffibly happen to any Horfe. TAke Hogs-Greafe, Bay Salt, Wormwood, and Rue, of each
a pretty quantity, ftampthem together well in a Mortar, and when it is brought to one entire Salve, flop it hard into the Horfes Ears, then either bind them up, or flitch them together, that the Medicine may not fall out c and do thus three or four days toge- ther, and it will not only cure the Mangy, but any foul Farcy what- foever. The fecond Medicine, and moft allured for the Mange, is, To
take frefh Greafe, yellow and white Arfnick, and mix them very Well together till it come to a pale yellow falve, then your horfe ha- ving been let blood, and all the fcurf taken away, either with an old F f 2 Currv
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tib. z.
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2 i 8 Of Cures Chyrurgical.
Curry-comb, or fuch like hard thing, fo 3s the fore places may lye
raw, then anoint them ail over with this ointment, and let the Horfe Hand fo tied, that he may by no means toach any part of his Body with his Mouth, and when he hath ftcod thus two or three hours, then take old Urine warmed, and wafh away all the ointment, and then give the Horfe his meat: thus drefs the Hfcrfe twice or thticeatthe molt, and it is fufficient for any Mange.what- foevcr. - CHAP. t/Xir.
How to know when a Horfe halteth bsfarey and in what fan.hii
grief is.
THere is nothing more necefl'ary for any Mans under/landing,
that Hall haveoccafion at any time toufea Horfe, efpecialiy f"T the skilful Farrier, than to know-the reafon why a Horfe halteth, and where the grief remdineth, as well becanfe thofe griefs lye mofl: concealed , as alio becanfe our Kingdom is fovery fall of fubtle un- confcionable Horfe ccurfers, that they are careful molt to conceai that which may fooneft cozen their Neighbours: you fhall know then that no Horfe halteth before, but his grief rmi/t be either in his fhoulde/5, in his legs, or in his feet: if it be in his moulders, itmuft cither be on the top of his fhoulder-blade , whi'ch we all the wi- thers, or the bottom of the (boulder-blade joyning to the Marrow- bone, which is the fore pitch of the breait, or iruhe Elbow of the ■ Horfe, whiciijoynsthenerhere.'dof the Marrow-bone and the leg - together. Now for the general knowledge Whether the grief be in the
fhoulder or no, look if the Horfe do not lift up his Leg, bat traileth it upon the ground, then it is in thefhoulder, and is a new hurt: If he caft his Leg more out in his going than the other, and that almofl: with an unbended knee, then it is alio in the ihonlder, and it is an old hurt: If you take him by the head-flail of the Bridle, and turn him as fhort as you can polhbly with both hands, if then you fee him when he is turned on the lame fide, <to favour his leg very much (as he cannot chufe but do) then alfo his grief is in his fhoulder: or if when a Horfe ftandeth in the Stable, he ftretchetb oat his fore- leg |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgkah 219
leg, and fetteth it more forward than the" other, it is partly a fign;.
thegrief is. in the moulder,' but.not abfolciteiy. Now when you know generally that the grief or pain is In ihz
moulder, then-you (hall learn to know in what part of the fhoulder, as thus: if/the Horfe ba&etfi more when the Rider is upon his b.ck , than when he is off, then the grief is in the top of the Withers?', if when with your hand you gripe and handle him upon the top of the fhoulder-blades you find "that he fhrinketh much, and offereth tobiteat you (not having any galled back he'bre, for that may de- ceive you) thenafluredly'thegrief is on the Withers. If the Horfe goeth bowing unto the ground, and tread his fteps very thick, then it is a fign the grief is in his breaftv between the nether part of the fpade-bone, and the upper part of the Marrow-bone, and there- fore if with your thumb you p"efs him hard in that part, youihall fee him (brink, and be ready to fall down; Now if when you take his Ebovv in your hand betwixt your
finger and your thumb, and gripe ir, the horfe prefenly taketh his foot from the ground and lifts up his Leg , offering therewithal to bite or frap at you, then the grief is only in the Elbow. Now if the grief whereo1" a Horfe haketh be in his Leg.it is either
in his Knee, inhisShark, or elfe in the Pallor" n joynt: If it be either inhis Knee or paftorn joynt, he will not bow them in his going like the other, but.will go very ftiffly upon them : if the pain or grief be in the Shank, then it is by means of fome Splcnt, Screw, Wind- gal, orfuch apparent grief, mod apparent to be beheld. Now if the grief of this haling be in his foot, then it is either in
theCronet, in the Heel, in the Toe, in thequarte'rs, or in the fob of the foot ■-, if it be in the Crone*, either the grief will be apparent , the skin be broken or fwoln fome manner of way, or eife laying your hand upon the Crciet it will burn and glow exceedingly, and then he hath got fome drain of the joint within the hoof ; if it be in the heel, as by over-reach, or other Aife, then it is to be feerr, and he will tread altogether u| n the Toe : If upon any of the quarters, which isro be underlie-••; fr<r)rftthe middle hoof to the bed, *then going on the edge or a -... -illy ground, he will halt more than on the plain gvounc. the Horfes coming toward you, and going fton you ge or bank, you frail perceive whether his
grief be ibthe inward quarter or outward quarters : Alfo he may
halt upon i e pricking of a Nail, and then you (hail wish
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2 2Q Of Cures Cbyrmgical. Lib. 2.
with apairof Finfor.s nip the head of every Nail and his hoof to-
gether, and where he complaineth, there draw the Nail x and if the Nail fink, then there is his pain. If he halt in the Toe, which is fel- dom or never feen, then he will tread altogether upon his heel: if his grief be in the Sole of his Foot, ss by the treading upon fome nailorftub, or by furbayting, orfuchlike, then he will halt all after one fort, upon any gp^and whatfoever, unlefs it be upon the ftones and then he will halt the molt. Now to be fuFe in what part of the foot the grief is, it fhall be
good, firft to make him go upon the plain ground, ar.d then upon a hard and ftony way, and after upon a banky ground 5 and by taking careful notes, and careful handling him, you fhall eafilyfeeof what member hehaheth. CHAP. LXIIL
Of Halting behind, and where the Grief is.
IF a Horfe halt behind, his grief of neceffity mull either be in his
hip, (of fome called the huckle-bone) or in the hifF, in the hough in the ham, in the leg, • in the nether joynt, in the paftorn, or in the Foot. If he halt in the hip of any new hurt, the horfe will go fide- long, and not follow fo well with that Leg as with the other, nei- ther will he be able to turn upon that fide without much favouring of his Leg: But if it be any old hurt, then the fore hip will fiirink and be lower than the other; and it is belt feen when he goeth up a hill* or upon the edge of fome bank, fo as the worft Leg may go dn the higher fide, for then he will halt fo much the more, becaufe it is very painful unto him to go fo unevenly wrinching his Leg ; if the grief be in the ftiff, then the horfe in his going will caft the ftiff joynt outward, and the bone on the infide will be fomewhat bigger than the other, neither can he any more than touch the ground with his Toe: If his grief bein hishoof, then ir is by means of fome Spa- ven, which is apparent both to be feen and felt, or elfe fomeftrain or blow, andfmenthe fwelling will molt evidently appear: and the like is to be faid of the Ham, wherein may be feen the Sellander,l or fuch like apparent Sorance, caufing the Horfe to halt: If the grief be either in the Leg , Paftorn, or Foot, you fhall find it by fuch figns as have been taught you in the former Chapter. CHAP.
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Lib. 2 Of Cures Chyrurgical. 221
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C H A P. LXI-V.
Hoxv to \movt> if a Horfe hath any hidden Grief in him that makjth
him to halt when he cometh to Travel, and whence it proceeds. NOw forafmuch as there are fome Horfes which through long
reft and running at Grafs will wear out the worft of their Griefs, fo that when they come to be but gently ridden, they will cover their halting, and through a natural awe they bear unto the Man, will, whilft he is on their Backs, go as if they were as found as might be, yet be truly of themfelves very unperfecT:: in this cafe, both to keep your felf from cozening, and to difcover the moft hid- den infirmity \ you mall firft take the Horfe out of the Stable in a long firing, and cafing one to run him in his hand, at the length of the halter, mark how he fets down his Legs, for if any be imper- fect, then that he will favour : but if at firft he go upright and fa- vour no Leg, then take his back, and ride him a while roundly up and down a Road j then alight from his back, and let him ftand ftill an hour; then as before, let him run in a Mans Hand, at the halters length, without any Man on his back, and believe it is a moft cer- tain Rule: If he have the lead Grief that may be, he will then (hew it, and favour that Limb which is moft pained or grieved j for by this Rule only, are many bad Horfe-Courfers difcovered. Now to know whereof "thefe Griefs proceed, you fhall under-
ftand, that if the grief proceed from a hot caufe, then the horfe baketh moft when he travelleth or is chafed. But if it proceed from cold caufes, then he halteth moft when he is cold, and leaft when he *s hot and much travelled. ' |
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CHA P*
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222 Of Cures Cbyrurgicql, Lib. ?i"
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CHAP. LXV.
Of the gt icf and finching in thz Shoulder.
TH E grief or pinching of the Horfes Shoulder, coraeth either
by labouring and (training theHorfe too young, or by the car- riag cof too great burthens. Its to be known by the narrownefs of .theJ>reaft, and by the Confumption of the ftefli of the fhoalders, infom-uch that the fore-part of the-flioulder-bone will ftick oat and be much higher than the flefh, and if it be of. any longer continuance he will be very hollow upon the brisket towards the fore booths, and,he will go wider beneath at the feet than at the knees. The Cure thereof, according to the opinion of fome Farriers, is, to make a flit of an-inch long, with a (harp knife, upon both fides, an inch under the (houlder-bone, and blowing the skin well from the flefli with a Swans-qisill, hoth of the one and the other flioulder , even up to the top of the withers, and ftroaking the wind up equal- ly with your hand into both the (boulders, and then when they are full, ftick the windy places with a Hazle Stick over all the flioulder , then loofening the skin from the flefn again, Rowel both the flits , either with tampins of Horfe-hair, or with round pieces of the up- per Leather of "an old (hoe, with an hole in the mid ft, which is cal- led a French Rowel, for the matter to iilue forth at, and let the tampins be at leaft two handfuls long in the skin, and the round Rovv'4-at ieaft three inches broad, and being fo put as they may lye plain and flat within the Gut, then once a day you (hall turn the Rowels into the" skin,-- and thruft out the;matter^ but if the hole grow fo (trait that the matter cannot eafily come out, with a sharp knife you shall enlarge it, then put a pair of Paftorns on his fore- legs, and fo let him ftand fifteen days, at the end whereof walk him abroad, and try how he goeth, and if he doth not goto your liking, thencontinue him in the fame manner other fifteen days, and he will go found., But our beffi Farriers ufe, after they have Rowled the horfe, as
isaforefaid, then to lay this charge or plaifter "all over his withers, shoulders, and breaft : Take of Pitch andRozen, of each a pound, of Tar, half a pint, boil all thefe together in a pot, andwhenitis fomewhat cooled, take a ftick with a woollen cloth bound to the end of it, and dip it into the charge, and cover or daub all the shoulder
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■^b* 2. Of Cures ChyrurgkaL
ftoulder therewith-: that done, clap flocks of the colour of the
.Horfe (or as near as you can get it) upon the charge, and every other day make your Rowels clean, and put them in again, continu- ing to do thus thefpace of fifteen days; then take cut the Row- els, and heal up the wounds with two tents of Flax dipt in turpen- tine and Hogs-greafe molten together, renewing the fame every day once, until the wounds be whole, but let the charge lye ftilj until! is fall away of it felf 5 and if you let the Horfe run at Grafs till he hath had a froftortwo, there is noqueftion but he will be a great deal the founder. There be other Farriers which ufe to Rowel the Horfe, as isafore-
faid, yetcrofs wife, that is, one over-thwart the other, then draw all the fhoulder over with a hot drawing Iron in the comlieft wife you can, making many fcratches down his Shoulders, then anoint both them and the Rowels once a day with fweet butter, and walk the Hotfe up and down Evenjngand Morning, that the humours may flow to the fore places, and ifiue forth, and with your hands once a day at the leaft, thruft out the matter 5 this Cure is likewife to be continued the fpace of fifteen days,*and then the Horfe will be whole; vet for mine own part, infomuchas.theCureis foul, I do not much ■affect it. CHAP. LXVl.
Of the Wrench in the Shoulder.
TH E Wrench or ftrain in the Shoulder, cometh of fome dan-
gerous flipping or Aiding, either in the Stable or abroad, or of too fudden flopping, when a Horfe gallops, or by falls either on the planks, or on flippery ground, or by too fuddea turning on unfure ground, or by going too rafhly out of fome door, or by the ftroak of another Horfe ^ you (hall perceive it by his trailing his Leg upon the ground clofe after him. The Cure is, To let him blood upon the plait-vein, and take away
the quantity of three pints of blood, which blood you mull fa ve in a pot, and put thereunto, firft of ftrong Vinegars-quart, and half a dozen broken Eggs, Shells and all, and fo much Wheat-flower, as will thicker, all the Liqourj that done,, put thereunto of Bole- armonick beaten into fine Powder a pound, of Sanguis Draconis two ounces, and mingle them together fo as the flower may not be G g perceived
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224
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Of Cures ChyrurgkaL 1^P» *■■
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^Wd and if it be too iff, you may add a little more Vinegar j
?hen with vour hand daub all the fhoulder from the Main down- ward db cw xttheforS-bowels,anagainfttheha>r,andletnoUhe S depart out of that place nmill the charge be Purely faftened un- to tbeskin that done, carry him into the Stable, and tye him up to the rackandfuffer him not to lye down all today> and give torn alii tie meat, dieting him very moderately the fpace of fifteen days, dung which time he maynoc ftirout ot his^ace, but only to lye down; and every day once refrefh the fhoulder -mint with this charge laying ttill new upon the old, and at the fifteen days end ShmabroadtofeehowJhegoeth, and if he be fomewhat amen, di then let him reft without travelling the fpace of one mon,h, and ttaTiilt bring his fhoulder to perfection: But »f he mend no- Sgatair for all This that is done, then you mall rowel^him, as is before aewedra the former Chapter, uft upon the fhoulder point, and fo keep him rowled the fpace of fifteen days not forgetting ro ffi! the rowel and cleanfe the wound each other day, andthen SUk him up and down fair and foftly, and turn him always on the contrary fide to the fore : And when he goeth upright pull out the rowel, and heal up the wound with Turpentine and Hogs Greaft molten tosether, as is before faid. But if ?11 this will notferve, then itlhallbe very reqmfite and
needful to draw him Chequer-wife with a hot Iron, over au the-
Kder point j and alfo to make him to draw a Plow every day
two or^thfee hours at the leaft, to fettle his Joynts, for the fpace of
three weeks or a month : and if any thing w,ll nelp, thefe two laft
remedies will let him found. . c _ „ . .
Now there be other Farriers which for this grief, fir ft let the
e, horfe blood in the Brcaft-vein, and then rowel him from the neither
Mrfof the ioade bone down to the pointof the fhoulder, which
K e vou ftBStVplSSn ihooenpon the found foot, .and fo turn
So4tografsfortofpaceof amonth, not forgetting every o-
herday to if and remove the rowels, and fo thrift out the matter.
Then as fconas you fie him go found, you fhal take off bis Patten
'Lo" and pull out the Rowels, and then let him run ft.11 at grail
till he hath ukeu a froft or two, and no doubt but he will continue
found.
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CHAP.
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" im— i—»rwi ■»—■—■—,, m.i i iiLwiHi—iip ■■■ <
Lib. 2. Of Cures CbyrurgicaL 225
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CHAP. LXVTi.
0/ 'f fc* Wrench in the T^jther joint, V,
THis Wrench cometh by treading his Foot infome hole, or in
fome rough or ftony way. The figns whereof are chiefly thefe, the Horfe will halt, and the top of his Back upon the points of his Shoulder will befwoln, andfomewhat hard to handle. The Care is, Take of Black Soap half a pound, and having made «%$
it hot in a pan, take a handful or two of Tow, and dip it into the Soap, then lay it very hot over all the Horfe s Withers; then clap a Plaifter of Wax, Turpentine, and Hogs-greafe molten together over / it, then cover it with two or three warm Cloaths, and keep the Joynts as warm ss may be : thus let him ftand twenty four Hours e're you di-efs him again, and continue this manner of dreffing for fifteen days, and the Horfe will go foundly. Now there be other ancient Farriers, that inftead of this Black-
Soap will take Wine- Lees, and Wheat-flower mingled together, and making a plaifter thereof, lay it very hot to the grieved place, and fb renew it once a day until the Horfe go found. . CHAP. LXVI1I.
Of fflating the Shoulder, or of Shoulder torn,
THE fplating of the Shoulder, is, when by fome dangerous flip
or Aide, either upon the fide of fome bank, or upon the plaun- chers, the Horfe hath his Shoulder parted from his Brealt, and fo leaves an open clift, not in the Skin, but in the Fleih and Film next the Skin, whereby the Horfe halteth, and is not able to go j it is to be feen by the trailing of his Leg after him in going. < The Cure whereof is thus, firft put a pair of ftrait paftorns on
hisFore-feet, keeping him ftillin the Stable without difquieting of toim •, tffen take'of Dialtheaonc pound,of Sallet-Oylone pint,of Qyl deBay half a pound, of frefh Butter half a pound; melt all thefe things together in an earthen pot, and anoint the grieved place therewith, and alfo round about the infide of the Shoulder; and within two or three days after, both that place and all the Shoulder will fwell, then either prick him with a Lancet or Fleam in all the fwelling places, or elfe with a fharp hot Iron, and then anoint it G g 2 ftill
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2 26 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Litx 2.
-------------------^----------;-------------;-----------;---------:-----------------------:-------------m
ftiil with the Oyntment befcrefaid; but if you fee it will not go
away, butfwell it ill, and gather to a head, then Launce it where the fwelling doth gather moft, and is foftelt under the Finger 3 and then tent it with Flax dipt in Turpentine, and Hogs-greafe niolten together, as is before (hewed, renewing that tent twice a day till the Torrance be whole. CHAP. LXIX.
Of the Shoulder Tight. THE Shoulder Pight is, whenaHorfe by reafon of fbme great
fall, rulh or (train, hath the point of his Shoulder thruft out of joynt,which is eafieto befeen, in that the point of the fore Shoulder will ftick out much further than the other, and the Horfe will halt downright. The Cure whereof, as the old Farriers hold it, is, firft to make him fwim in a deep water,, up and down a dozen turns, for that will make the joynt return into.his true place ; then make two tough pins of Alhen-wcod as big as your little Finger, being (harp at the points, each one five Inches long ; that done, (lit the Skin an Inch above the point, and an Inch beneath the point of theShoulder, and thruft in one of thefe pins from above downward, fo as both the ends may equally ftick with the Skin ■, and if the pin of Wood will not eafily pafs through, you may make its way firft with an Iron Pin; that done, make other two holes crofs to the firft holes, fo as the other Pin may crofs the firft Pin aright in the midft,«. with a right crofs, and the firft Pinfhould be fomewhat flat in the midft, to the intent that the other being round, may pafs the better without ftop, and clofe the Jufter together; then take a piece of a little line fomewhat bigger than a Whip-cord, and at one end make a loop, which being put over oneof the Pins end, wind the reft of the line good and ftraight about the Pins ends, fo as it may lye betwixt the Pins ends and the Skin, and faften the laft end with a packneedle and a pack thread unto the reft of the Cord, fo as it may not flip \ arid to do well, both the Pins and the Cord fhould be firft anointed with alittlellogs-greafe; then bring h'm into the Stable, and let him reft the fpace of. nine days \ and let him lye down as little as maybe: and put aPaftorn on the fore Leg, fo as it may be bound with a Cord unto the foot of the Manger, to keep that Leg always whilft he ftandeth in the Stable, more forward than the other, and at
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*J^>' 2« Of Cures Chyrurgical. 227
at the nine days end take out the Pins and anoint the fore place with
a little Dialthea, or with Hogs-greafe, and then turn him to Grafs. Other of our hte Farriers ufe, firft to lay good ftore of ftraw un- der the Horfe, and then put a pair'of ftrong Paftornson his forelegs, and another on his hinder, then having thrown him upon his Back, to hang him up by the Legs from-the ground, with two Ropes drawn over fome Beam or Balk, which will put the Bone into his true place again ; then having let him down again fair and foftly, loofe the fore Paftorn of the found Leg, and with a Cord before you let him rife, tye the fame Leg to the foot of the Manger, fo inort, as in his riling- he (hall be forced to hold his Leg before him , for fear of putting his Shoulder out of Joynt, and let him ftand fo tyed for the fpace of three days; and presently when he is up, burn all the point of the Shoulder with a hot Iron, drawing it Chequer- wife, a full Foot fquare at the leaft, and let every ftroke be no more than an Inch diftant one from another.- and having burned him well, charge all thefebiiroed places, and all the reft of his Shoulder with Pitch,. Rozen, and Tar molten together, and laid on fome- thing hot with a Cloath tied to, a. fticks end 5 then clap I locks of the colour, of the horfe upon it, then charge him again over the flocks, and at^ three days end loofe his Foot, and put a pair of Paftorns upon his Feet, and let him neither lye down nor ftir out of the Stable tor the fpace of fifteen or twenty days: then you may lead him a- broad, and fee whether he goes well or no, and'if he be not perfect, you may then give him as much more reft, and that will recorer hire, CHAP. LXX.
A general and 'certain Cure for any defter ate and curable Strain in the '
Shoulder, or any other hidden farts,
TAke a large earthen Veflel, and fill it full ofthe Herb of Arfmart *»
and Brook-lime, equally mixt together, then put to them as much of theoldeftand ftrongeft Urine that can be got, as will cover the Herbs all over, then cover the pot clofe, and keep it in fome iafe cool place. 4___. ,
Now when you have occafion to ufe it, take an Earthen Pipkin,
and put thereinto both of the Urine and the Herbs, fo much as fliall oe comewent for the ^ef, and boyl it well, then if it be for a Shoul- |
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228 Of Cures Cbjrurgical. Lib. 2.
der (train, you (hall take an old Boot and cut off the foot, that you
• may draw it over the Horfes Foot, and above his knee almoft to the Elbow of his fhoulder, keeping the nether part of the boot as clofe ■about his Legs as may he, but the upper pirt wide and fpacious \ into this boot thruffc all your mixture as hot as the Horfe can fuffer it,v and lay it fail and clofe about the fhoulder , efpecully before and behind, then drawing up the upper part of the boot, fo fallen it to the mane of the Horfe that it may not flip down, and thus do once a day till the grief depart; for this Medicine is fo violent that if there be any foul matter that mufr. come forth, it will bring it to an head, ripen, break and healit •■, if there be no fuch thing, thenina Inert time it will draw away the offending humours, and give pre- sent eafe C«jH A P. LXXI.
Of thefwelling of the Fore-Legs after -great labour. HOrfes not much ufed to travel, will after great labour fwell
upon their Fore-Legs, becaufe. heat and violent excefs will caufe humours to refort down into the Legs, efpecially if fuch horfes shall be inwardly fat; for the indifcreet labour will melt that in- ward greafe, and make it defcend down into the Legs. The Cure, according to the pra&ife of fome Farriers, is, to take
a pound of Nerve Oil, a pound of Black Soap, and half a pound of Boars-greafe molten, and boil them all well together, and then itrain it and let it cool j then anoint your horfes Legs therewith, being made luke-warm again, and then keep his Legs clean from dull. Other Farriers ufe to bathe his Legs in Butter and Beer, or in Vinegar and Butter, fome with Sheeps-foot Oyl, fomewithNeats- foot Oyl, fome with Train Oyl, and fome with Pifs and Salt-peter boyled together, of all which, Pifs and Salt-peter is the belt; "and af- ter any fuch bathing, you muft roll up the horfes Legs with Hay- ropes wet in cold water, even from the Paftorn to the Knee, but in any wife not too ftrait, for fear of doing hurt, fo let him Hand con- tinually when he refteth. £3* Now other Farriers fomewhat more curious, ufe for the fwel- ling of the Lags this Bath ; take of Mallows three handfuls, a Rofe- cake,of Sage one handful, boyl them together in a fuSicient quantity of water, and when the Mallows be foft, put in half a pound of But- ter, |
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______________________________________ 2.M
Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical. 229
ter, and half a pint of SailetOyl, and then being fomewhat warm,
wafh the fwelling therewith everyday once, the fpaceof three or four days ^ and if the fwelling will not go away wirh this, -then take Wine Lees and Cumin, and boyl them together, and put there- unto a little Wheat-flower, and charge ail the fwelling there- with, and walk him often \ and if all will not ferve, then take up the great vein above the knee .on the infide, fuffering him not to. bleed from above, but allfrom beneath , and it will take away the fwelling. C H A P. LXXIJ.
Of trfforfe that is Foundred inhis Feet. AHorfe isfaid to be foundred of his Feet, when he hathfuch a
numbnefs, and pricking or ringing within his Hoofs, that he hath neither fenfe nor feeling of his Feet, but is in all refpefts like a man, that by hard or crooked fitting hath both his Feet afleep (as we call) during which paflion we know we can neither well go nor (land 5 and even fo it fareth with aHorfe in this cafe ; for the courfe of the Blood being flopped, thofe Obftruftions caufe this torment. It cometh molt commpnly when a-Horfe is very fat, and hath his greafe molten within him, and thenfuddenly cooled by taking his Saddle off too Toon, or by (landing up in the cold un- ftirred, or elfe by letting him Hand in fome (hallow Water little higher than his fet-iock. A Horfe alfo may be foundred by wearing flrait and uneafie Shoes,
efpecially in the Summer feafon, when a Horfe travelleth upon the hard ground. The figns to know it, is, the Horfe goeth crouching, and drawing
all his fore feet within the compafs almoft of a peck, and will (land fo fearfully as though he flood upon Needles. Now you (hall understand, that a Horfe will fometimes be only
foundred of his Fore-feet, and not of his hinder, which you (hall know in that the Horfe will tread only upon his hinder Feet, and not on his fore- feer, and go as though his Buttocks would touch the ground; and fometimes he will be foundred updn his hinder.feet, and not upon his fore-feet, and that youfhali perceive by this fearful- |
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nefs to fet his Fc t to the ground, being alfo fo weak behind, thai
he will (land quivering and quaking and covet always to lye down •■, andfomesimeshe will be foundred of all his four Feet, the figns whereof were firft declared. Now forafmuch as the Cures are all of one and the felf-fatne Na-
ture, and what cureth the firft cur?th alfo the reft; I will joyn them all together, with this Advice, that if you find the Horfe to be foun- dred on the Fore-feet only, then to apply your Medicine to the Fore-parts only j if on the Flinder-feet, then to the hinder-parts ; but if of all four Feet, then to layyenr Medicine to ail the feveral parts of the Body, as fhallbe pre fen tly declared. To come then to the Cure?, (according to the opinion of a wor-
thy Knight well experienced in tfrisdifeafe) if yourHorfe befoundred of all his Four Feel, you fhall caufe him to be let blood on his two Breft-veins of his two Fore-legs, fomewhat above his Knees; alfo you fhall let him blood on his two Spur-veins, and on the veins of his two Hinder-feet a little above the hoof, between the hoof and the paftorn: you fhall let thefe veins bleed well, to the quantify-of^a quart or three pints, which blood you muft fave in fome Veffel, and ftir it with a flick to keep it from clearing.- and when it hath bled as abovefaid, put it all into one Veffel, then flop the wounds with fome Horfe dung, orfomeearth, and make a charge with the blood in this fort: Take as much Wheat=meal, Bran and all, as will make the blocd fomewhat thick,and put it into-the blood, take eight or ten Eggs, and break them alfo into the blood, fhells and all ; take a Dint of ftrong Vinegar, and a quantity of Bole-armonick brayed, and put them into the blood alfo j which done, you fhall ftir them all to- gether; then shall you with your hand lay the faid charge all along upon the reins of the Horfes Eack, upon his Buttocks and down his Shoulders: when you have laid on this charge thus, you shall take two long Linnen rags dipped in the fame charge, with which fo dipped, you shall garter the Horfe above the knees of his Fore legs fomewhat hard; and likewife with two other like rags, fo dipped, you shall garter him hard above both his Hinder Hoofs alfo: that done, -caufe him to be walked upon the hardeft ground you can find for thefpace of two or three Hours •, if he be loath to go, as commonly he will be, let one follow him and beat him with a flick or a wand to force him to go, then after his walking let him be fee iip and tyed to the rack, that he lye not down, and there let him reft
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2M
Lib. 2 Of Cares Chjrurgical. 251 reft two or three hours; which done, iet him be walked again two
or three hours more aforefaidt then fet him up, and let him feed, and when you give him drink, whichyou maydowithin twoor three tours after his feeding, let it be a warm Mafli of Malt and Water, then let him feed a little after it, then ride him a little ; and if you let him ftand an hour or two in a pool or (landing water up to the Belly, and one upon his Back, it is good alio, and after that ride hins again a little: then let him be fet up well drefled and covered, fo by little and little ride him a day or two, and then you may boldly journey him; for it is riding that brings the Horfe to the perfe&nefs of hisFeer, and you (hall find your Horfe as found as ever he was. Now during this Cure, you areto take thefe Obfervations into
your memory. Firft, You (hall not need to remove or ftir the Horfes fhoes: then
you muft after twenty four hours, rub off the charge from the Horfes
back. ; Item, You lhall take away his garters after twelve hours, and rub
his Knees and Houghs withyour Hand, and with wilps, to take away the numbnefs. Iiew\ If you cannot get Wheat-meal, you may take Oaten-meal.
Item, If he will not bleed in the veins before-named, then you may
take your blood from the neck-vein. Laftly, If you take the Horfe in hand to Cure within twenty four
hours after he is foundred, he will be found again within twenty four hours after• fo if he go longer, the Cure will be longer in doing. Now theancient Farriers of this Kingdom, and amongft the Ita-
lians, differ not much in their practice from this already rehearfed , only into the charge they add of Sanguis Draconis half a quartern, and as much Bean-flower as Wheat-flower, and of Turpentine half . a pound.; then if they did fee that within four days the Horfe did not recover, then they did know{ that ,the hurtful humors did only Jve in the Horfes Feet, and there you (hall fearch his Feet with your. Batterifs, paring all the folesof his Feet fo thin, that you may fee the Water iflue through the fole : that done, let him Blood at the Toes, and let him bleed well; then flop the Vein with Turpentine and Hogs greafe molten together, and laid upon a little; flax, and j-heiv tack on his Shoes, and cram the place where you did let him irv' hard with tow, to the intent it may be furely ftopt; then fill all the foles of. his Feet with Hogs greafe and Bran boiled or fried H h together,
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232 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
together, fohotas is poffible, and upon that flopping, elap a piece of
Leather, and twocrofs fplints, to keep in the Stopping 5. and im- mediately after this, take two Eggs, and beat them in a diih, and put thereunto as much Boie-armonick and Bean-flower as will thic- ken the tone, and mix them well together, and make thereof two Piaifters, fuch as may clofe each Foot round about fomewhat above the Cronet, and bind it faft with a Lift or a Rowler, thatitmaynot fall away nor be removed for the fpace of two days, but let the foles of his Feet be ckanfed and new flopped every day once, and the Cro- nets to be removed every two days until the HorfebeTound 5 during which time, let him reft un walked, for fear of looming his hoofs : but if you fee that he begins to amend, you may walk him fair and Ibftly once a day upon fome foft ground to exercife his Legs add Feet, and let him not eat much, nor drink cold Water ^ but if his foundring break out above the hoof, which you fhall perceivs by the loofnefs of the Coffin above the Cronet, then when you pare the fole you muft;take all the fore-part of the fole clean away, leaving the Heels whole, to tne intent the humors may have the freer paf- fege downward, and then flop him, and drefs him about the Cronet, as is before (aid. Now if the HOrfe during this Cur« chance to fall fick, or grow fo dry in his body that he cannot dung, then you (hall. It ft rake iaisn, and after give him a Glitter of Mallows, three hand- Ms hoiltd in Water from a Pottle to a Quart: then after it is. itrain7d, put to it half i^mid of "Butter, and a'.quarter of a pint of .Sallet-Oyl, and foadmihlfter it> then when theHorfe ha'tffempti- edbis Belly, give him th&cpmfortaDle drink. Take ofKlalmefey a quart, and pat thereuntO-Slittle Cinamori,' Mace and Pepper beaten into fine powder,- and of-O^la quarter of a pint, and give the Horfe to drink of that luke-warm 3"that done, let him be walked' up and' down, a good while together, if he be able to go, if not, then tye him up to the Rack, and lethimbe Hanged witfr Canvas arid Ropes, fo as he mayftand upon the-'ground with hisleet,' forriielefs he lyeth down the better.- but thefe.extremities dofeliiom happen. Mow there be other Farriers, whichi for thefoundringof a Horfer only take Verdigreafe, Turpentine, S'aifetoylandHogs greafe, of each like quantity, of Wax one ounfie-," boil all together, and fo dip iaxor tow4nit:, then having pared his Feet thin, and let him blood en the Toes, ftop all his Feet with that Ointment very hot: or elfe they take theroots of Kettles, and Hemlock, with Eldern peels, 0% |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgkal. 2
■--------------ta----_--------_----------------------:-----------------------=-------_^----_----_-------------------—4—------
each a handful, and boil them tender, in Boars greafe , or Hogs
greafe, fo let him blood in the midft of the Foot on the Toe-vein, then bathe and chafe his joynt and Leg therewith all about from his Knee unto the Fetlock, and then clap it too, and bind a cloth fall to it, as hot as you can. So ufe this once a day till it be well, i Now for mine own part, although there is not any of thefe for- -fs mer recited practices but are found perfectly good in their kinds, yet 1 have not found any fo abfolute either from old or new founders, as this which I (hall rehearfe, Firft, you (hall with a very (harp Draw- ing-knife, draw every part of the Soles of the Horfes Feet fo thin as poflible, even till you fee the very Water and Blood iffuing forth, and being fure to draw or pare^every part alike, which can hardly be done with aButterifs? then at the very (harp end of thetrufhof the Horfes Foot you (hall fee the vein lye, then with your knife's end lift up the Hoof, and. let the vein bleed, fwhich as long as you hold open the hoof will fpina great way forth j when it hath bled better than a pint, you (hall clofe the hoof, and fo (top the vein: then tack on his Foot a hollow (hooe made for that purpofe: that done, _ clap a little tow dipt in Hogs-greafe and Turpentine upon the vein very hard: then take two or three hard Eggs roafted, and coming burning hot out of the fire, andburft them inthefoleof the Horfes Foot: then pour upon them Hogs-greafe, Turpentine, and Tar boiling hot, and as much flax dipt therein as will fill up the hollow (hooe, then lay on a piece of Leather to keep all the reft in, and fplent it fure: and in this manner drefs his four Feet, if all be foundred, otherwife no more than are foundred ; and thus you lhall drefs the Horfe three times in one fortnight, and without any further trouble, you (hall be fure to have the Horfe as found as ever he was. ' Now if the Horfe be foundred through the ftraightning of a (hoe,
which in truth is not a founder, but a frettizing, which is a degree jefs than foundring • then you (hall for that Sorance, firft take off his (hooe, and let him blood on the Toes, then (topping the place with bruifed Sage, tack on his fhooe again, and flop it with Hogs- greafe and Bran boiled together, as hot as is pofiible; and do this ■twice in one fortnight, and it will help him. |
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Hh: CHAP.
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254 Of Cures ChjrurgicaL Lib. 2
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CHAP. LXXIII.
0/ the Sflfnt as welL an the in fie of the Knee, as of any other fart of
the Ltg.
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A
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Splent is to the outward feeling a very griftle, or rather a hard
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bone, fometimes as big as a Hazle-nut, fometimes as big as a
Walnut, according to the age thereof, growing upon the infide of the fore Leg, between the Knee and the upper Paftorn joynt, and fometimes juit underneath, and clofe unto the Knee, which is of all other the rooft dangerous Splent, and doth the fooneft make a Horfe lame: it cometh by travelling a Horfe too young, or by oyerpreffing him with heavy burthens, whereby the tender Sinews of his Legs §Cf= are offended, Now for the knowledge thereof it iseafie, becaufe is is apparent untotheEyc, andmoft palpable to befelt- The Cure , according to the opinion of the ancient Farriers, is, to takean Onion, and picking out the Core, put into it half a fpoonful of Honey, and a quarter of a Spoonful of unflackt Lime, and four penny weight of Verdigreafe ; then clofing up the Onion, roaft it in hot embers uri- till it be foft \ then bruife it in a Mortar, and as hot as the Horfe can furfer it, lay it to the Splent, and it will take it away ; But in any cafe cut no skin. Other ©f the ancient Farriersufe firft to warn the Splent with warm Water, and then (have off the hair^ and light- ly to fcarifie or prick the skin with the point of a Razor, fo as the blood may iffue forth •• Then take of Cantharides half a fpconful, and of Euforbium as much, beaten into fine powder, and mingle them together with a fpoonful of Oyl de Bay, and then melt them in a little pan, flirting them well together,, fo as they may not boil over, and being fo boiling hot, take two or three feathers and anoint all the Sore* places therewith : that done, let not the Horfe ftir from the place where you fodrefs him for an hour after, to the in- tent he (hake not off the Ointment: then carry him fair and foftly into the Stable, and tye him fo as he may not reach with his Head beneath the Manger: For otherwife he will covet to bite away the fmarting and pricking Medicine, which if itfhould touch his Lips, would quickly fetch off the skin; and alfo let him ftand without Litter all that day and night: the next day anoint the Sore place with freih Butter, continuing fo to do every day once for the (pace •«f nine days, for this will allay the heat of the Medicine, and caufe
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LlD. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgtca/. 235
caufe both that aadthe cruft of the Splent to fall away of it felf.
There be other Farriers which ufe with a fine hot drawing Iron to
barn ctie Sorance. down in the midft, . the full length of the Splent,
and then over-thwart like this figure -r then four
H^TTf , hours after fuGh burning, take Cows dung new
JTIl made, andSalletOyl mixtand well beaten toge- ther, and therewith anoint all the Sore places j and this mull be done when the Splent is very young. Others ufe to flit the Sorance with a Knife the whole length of
the Splent, and then with a Cornet to open the flit, and lay the Splent bare, then to- make about the Wound a Coffin of Clay all open to the top j then tske Boars^greafe made fcalding hot, and pour it into the Wound until the clay Coffin be full, then let it reft uatil theGreafebecold : after that, let the Horfe rife, and this with once drefling will take the Splent clean away without any blemifh or Eye-fore. Others ufe to beat the Splent with a ftick, and to bruife if well, then prkk it with an Aule, and thruft out the blood, then lay on a pieceof white Leather, and with a hot Iron make the Greafe fcaldit, or elfe melt into it Pitch and Verdigreafe, ancTthen lay a Plaifter of Pitch over it, not removing it until it fall off" by it felf \ ©r elfe after you have beaten and pri«kt the Splent, take out the Gore ©fan Onion, and fill it with Bay-Salt, then roaft itfoft, and lay it hot to the Splent, and in dead of the Onion, yon may if you will.,, bind too a]hard roafted Egg, being fire-hot. Other Farriers ufe to flit the Skin the length of the Splent, then to dip a little piece of Linnen in warm Wine, and fprinkle Verdigreafe thereon, and fo lay it to the flit, renewing it once a day until the Splent be gone. Others ufe to lhave ofF the hair, and to rub the Splent twice a day with Tar very hard, until the Splent be gone; but the Splent nmft be very young and tender; for falling Spittle is as good as Tar. Other Farriers ufe to take a Black Snail and flit her, and put in Bay-Salt,;, and lay it to the Splent being opened, renewing it once a day until? the Splent be gone t- then let the vein above the Knee be taken up,' and let it bleed from below, left it feed the Splent again. Others ufe, if the Splent be upon the Knee, to burn it, as is before faid ; then take Wormwood, Smailage, Pellitory of the Wail, Brank-Urfine ftampt with Swines greafe, and lay it to the burnings, provided? that firft the Hair be fliaved off, and if the Splent be below the Knee, this Care is good alfo, and much the fafer, $ Now I
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%l6 Of Cures Cbyrurgical. lib. 2.
fc> Now after all thefe former recited pra&ices, you (hall underftand
that the cleanlieft way to take away a Splent, is firfty af er you have call your Horfe with a Ha^le- ftick of a pretty poife and bignefs, gently to beat the Splent at the firft, and then by degrees a little har- ■ der and harder, till theSplent grow foftinevery part, then with the point of your Launcet let out all the Blood and Water ■■, then take a Brick-bat, and having laid it on the fire, when it is exceeding hot, fold it in a Red cloth, and therewith rub theSplent, and fmooth it upon the top till you have dried away the blood, and that no more moifture cometh out; then take of Pitch, of Rozen, and Maftick, of each a like quantity, melt them well together, and being very hot lay it over and all about the Splent: then clap flocks of the co- lour of the Horfes Leg upon it, and fo let it reft upon the Splent until it fall away of it lelf: and if when it is fallen away, you per- ceive that any part of the Splent remain behind, which hardly will be, if it be orderly beaten ; then you fliall drefs that remainder as you 83* did the other before, and theSplent will be perfectly Cared. Now
for the fureft and moft certain way to take off* a Splent, it is thus: With the point of a fharp Knife, make a flit of more thana Barley- corn length, juft upon the top in the midft of the Splent, and let it be fodeep that you may be fure that the bone of the Splent is bare, then put into that flit with the point of your Knife, as much Mer- cury Sublimate as the quarter of a Hazel-nut-kirnel,and within three or four days, it will fohave eaten the Splent, that it will fall out of it felf: then you fhallheal up the Sore either with frefh Butter mol- ten, or with a Plaifter of Hogs-greafe, and Turpentine mingled and melted together; only in this Cure you mult beware, that you tye the Horfefo, as for Four and twenty Hours he may not touch the Sore place with his Mouth, Now in conclufion, I am to give you this fmall Precept, to bear ever in your mind, that is both for the healing of this, and for all other humors whatfoever .• Youmuft firfl: itay the falling down of the new humors to the place troubled, as by binding Plaifters, as Pitch, Rozen, Maftick, RedLead, Oyl, Bole- armonick, and fuch like •, then to draw out Matter which is there gathered with drawing Simples,as Wax, Turpentine, and fuch like .- and laftly, to dry up the relicks with drying Powders, as Honey and \ Lime, Oy iter-me lis, Soot, and fuch like; and alfo you mult know,
that all Splents, Spavens, or Knobs, muft either be taken away at the beginning, or after the Full of the Moon. CHAP.
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical. i$j
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CHAP. LXXIV.
An appiroved and certain way to take- away any §f lent without breaking
any Hair. '
TAkethe Root of Elicampane well wafted and deanfed, and lap ^
it in a brown Paper, wet it and roaft it in the hot Embers, as you would roaft a Warden \ then as hot as the Horfe can fuffer it, (for 1 would not have you fcald) after you have rubbed and chaft the excrefcion, clap this unto it, and bind it fall on, and in two or three dreifings it will confumeaway the Splent. Alfo, if Morning and Evening you rub the Splent with the Oylof
Origanum, it will take it away. CHAP. LXXV.
Of the Screw, or thorow Splent,
ALthough divers of our Farriers do diftinguifh and make a diffe-
rence betwixt a Screw and a Splent, faying, that the Screw is ever of the out-fide of the Leg, as the Splent is of the infide; yet it is moft certain that the Difeafe and Infirmity is all one, and may as well be called a Splent on the out-fide of the Leg, as a Splent on the infide of the Leg, and this Splent on the out-fide is ever ieaft dangerous, Now^ Horfe many times will have both thefe Splents at one times 5 andupan.oaeLeg5 nay, lhavefeen themfo juft oppofite one to ano- ther, that one would, have thought they had gone through the Horfes Leg^ whence it hath come to pafs, that many foolilh Farriers being of that mind, .have intitled them a thorow Splent, and I have feen my felf, fome well reputed Farriers, that having the Cure brought unto them, have refufed the fame, faying it was a thorow Splent,, and therefore moft incurable j But the opinion is moil: abfurd and.ndacu- ious: for the Shin-bone being hollow, and fullof Pith and Marrow, there can nothing grow through it, but it muft confound the Mar- row, and then the bone cannot fiold, but muft prefently break inlan- der, efpecially when fuch a weak fpungy fubftance as a Splent, ftiall poflefs the whole ftrength of the Leg. Now for the Cure, ae the Sptent and it are all One, fo they have all one Cure, >and whathelp-. eth the firft, with more eafe helpeth the latter, in as srrach as itis noS full fo dangerous, nor fo near the rriain Sinews* _ i-c' ■ ' |
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2-s8 Of Cures ChyrurgicaL Lib, t.
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CHAP. LXKVI.
Of the Mallander*
A Mallander is a kind of a dry Scab, growing in the form of lines
or ftreaks overthwart the very tough or inward bent of the Knee, and hath hard Hair with ftubborn roots, like Swines briftles, which corrupteth and Cankereth the Flefh like the Roots of a Childs icabbed Head •, and if the Sore be great and deep, it will make the Horfe go ftiff at his firft fetting forth, and halt much. It doth pro- ceed either from the Corruption of Blood-, or from negligent keep- ing, when the Horfe wanteth clean d re fling: for you fnall know that ibmeHorfesnaturdly are given to have long hair from the top to the bought of the Knee down to the fetlock, and that Hair in the bought of the Knee is oft apt to curie; whereby thofe Horfes, if"they be not very carefully and clean kept, are much fubjed to this Difeafe. Now for the Cure, according to the opinion of the old Farriers, it
is thus. Take a barrel'd Herring out of the pickle withafoftrow, and two fpoonf'uls of Black Soap, andfo much Allom; beat all thefe in a mortar well together, and then lay it to the Sore, renewing it once a day for three days, and it will kill the Mallander, provided always that before you lay any thing unto the Mallander, you ever pull off the dry Scab firft, and leave no Hair growing within the Sore. Other Farriers ufe to take a paring of a Cheefe, and toafting it very hot, anoint it with Honey, and fo lay it hot to the Mallander, and renew- ing it once a day -tilt the Mallander be whole: or elfe beat Hens dung and Gilliflowers well together, and lay it to the Sore till it be whole. Others Farriers ufe, after they have walhed the Sore clean with
warm Water, and fliaved off the Hair and the Scabs, to take a fpoon- ful of Sope, and as much lime; mingle them together that it may be like pafte, then fpreacf as much on a clout as will cover the Sore, and bind it faft on with a lift% renewing it every day once, the fpace of two or three days j and at the three days end take away the Plaifter, and anoint the bore with Oyl of Rofes, made luke-warm, and that will fetch away fcurf or crufty asker, bred by means of the burning Plai- fter j which fcurf being taken away, wa(h the fore place well every day once with his own ftale, or elfc with Man's Urine, and then im- mediately ftrow upon it the powder of burnt Oy iter- f^ell, continu- ing fo to do every day once until it be whole. Others
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kiD. 2 O/" CWj Chyrurgical.
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23P.
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t Others of out later Farriers ufe to take a quart of water, half 3
pint of Oyl, and as much flower as will thicken it with ieething • then lay that hot to the fore twice a-day, for four days together; tnen take Mafhck, Frankincenfe beaten into fine powder, Quick- ljlver, killed either in the juice of Lemons, or in ftrorig Vinegar, °f each an ounce j then of Liturgy half an ounce, of Cerus ten ounces ; and as much of Swines greafe clarified : incorporate and ■jungle all thefe together with Vinegar and Oyl, and lay it to the lore until the Ma!lender be killed 5 then heal it up as is afore /hew- ed- Others ufe, after they have waihed it and fhaved ir, to rub it Wa!:n Pifsand Soap until it be raw ; then lay to it Nerve-oyl, Honey, and ftrorig Multard, until it be whole. Others ufe to take Sul- phur, Vitriol, Sal-nitre, Sal-gem, mixed with Oyl de Bay, aad to rub the Mallender well therewith. Now to conclude, you (hail underltand, that fome Horfes will have two Malienders upon one i u"e aboveanotner> and Sometimes o^e a little above the in- ward bending of the Knee, and another a little below the inward, bending ©f the Knee, but the Cure is all alike; and as you drefs one, io you may drefs two or three. Now formine ownj>art, I have not found any thing better for a
waiiender, than after the fore is cleanfed, to take the ordure or «»igu ,? Man> and aiK,int the Tore therewith, and it will kill it
ana neal it. CHAP. LXXVM.
Of anVfper Attaint, or Over-reach upon the Backfaeveof the Fore-leg^
fomewhat above the Paftorn-joynt. "'His which we call an Upper-attaint, is nothing elfe but a pain,
ho ""wewwgof the Mafter-finew, orbackfinew of the fhank- ftrif ?u rfr°n that the Horfe ^°th foretimes over-reach and rSw ?f fiT1evv with the Toe of his hinder F°°t, and thereby wu ctn tne Horfe to halt much. Now the figns are both the oldip8 • the haItinS » and the Cure> according to fome of the
■W]^inm,^r.t0 drefs the fore Place with aPlaittermadeofi SosS a u Wheat flower' laid hot t0 5 or elfe t0 ^ke of black p aad B°res-greafe, of each a like quantity fcalding hot;! * i make
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240 Of Cures Cbyrurgical. Lib. 2.
make a Plaifter of Sear-cloth thereof, and clap it all about the
fore place j or elfe if the fwelling by no Salve will diflblve, take a fine thin hot drawing Iron, and .draw his Leg all downward with the hair in many fmall ftrikes from the one end of the fwelling to the other, and make the fti ikes-very thick together, and fomewhat deep, then anoint his burning for two or three days with black Soap, and fo turn the horfe to grafs; but if he will not run at grafs, then every day give him fome moderate exercife •, but this burning I fancy not much, for it isfoul,and albeit it take away the fwelling, yet the feams of the burning, when they are cured, willkeepthe member big, asif it were llillfwelled. Now other of the ancient Farriers ufe fir ft to wafh the Leg with warm water, then to (have off the hair as far as the fwelling goeth, then tofcarifie the fore place with the point of a razor, that the blood may iflue forth: then take of Cantharides and Etaforbiimi of each half an ounce, mingle them together with half a quartern of Soap, and with a flice fpreadfome of this oyntment o- ver all the fore, fuffering him to reft there where you drefs him for one half hour after, and then you may carry him into the Stable, and there let him Hand without Litter, and fo tyed as he may not touch the fore with his Mouth \ and then the next day ufe him in the fame manner again ; then the third day anoint the place with frefh butter, continuing fo to do the fpace of nine days, and at the nine days end make him this Bathe, Take of Mallows three hand- fuls, aRofe-cake, of Sage an handful, boyl them together in a fuf- ficient quantity of Beer •, and when the Mallows be foft, put in half a pound of Butter, and half a pint of Sallet- Oyl •, and then being fomewhat warm, wafh the fore places therewith every day once tin it be whole. Others ufe to cleave a Chicken or a Pigeon, and to clap it hot to the fwelling, and it will abate it •, ox elfe take Dialthea, Agrippa, and Oyl, and mixing it together, lay it \o the fwelling. O- thers ufe to take of Frankincenfe, of Rozen, of Tar, ofEuforbium, of Turpentine and Fenugreek, of each a quarter of an ounce, of Suet one ounce, of Oyl an Ounce, of Wax three ounces, and three quar- ters of an ounce of Myrrh; mix and melt them all together, and Plaifter-wife lay it to the fore place till it be whole j or elfe take for this Sorance, three quarters of an ounce of Sanguis Draconis, an ounce of Bole-armony, as much Oyl, three ounces of Maftick, and as much Suet, and as much Swines Greafe, the whites of half a dozen of Eggs, melt and mix them together, and lay them together, and lay it
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^u. 2. Of Cures ChyrurgicaL 241
Jt to the fwelling, and it will take it away •, then make the Ihooes
of his hinder feet fhorter than the horns of his toes by a quarter of an inch, and let the horn hang over uncut away, and make the fore- flicoe no longer than his heel, but rather fhorter. CHAP. LXXVill.
An excellent approved Medicine for any Sinew firain whatfoever.
TAke of Vinegar a pint, the whites of three or four Eggs, and as
much Bole-armonick, and Bean-flower, as will bring it to a thick falve over the fire •, then when it is very hot, lay it Plaifter- wife upon the ftrain, and round about the Leg, and do this not only till the grief be gone, but alfo till the fwelling be taken away, CHAP. LXXIX.
Of a Ntathtr ^Attaint, or Over-reach on the Paftorn-'Joynts.
THe Neatherattaint,or Over-reach on the roidft and in the hollow
of the Paftorn-joynt, is a little Bladder full of Jelly, like unto a wind-gall; and though it be not apparent to the eye, yet it is eafie to be felt, and may come as well by fome wrench or ftrain, as by an over-reach, and it will make a horfe halt much ; thefignsare, the neather Joynt towards the Fetlock will be very hot, and fomewhat fwelled, and the little foft bleb will eafily be felt. The Cure, after the opinion of the old Farriers, is, Take a fmall
cord, and rowel him fomewhat (trait from the Knee to the neather joynt, and then in the Paftorn, betwfeen the hoof and the joynt with a fleam ftrike him in the midft of his fwelling, and let out the mat- ter ■, then take the white of an Egg, and beat it with a little Salt,and then dipping flax therein, lay it unto all the fwelling, and then un- rowel his Leg, and renew the Salve twice a day until the grief be gone. But in any cafe let him not be laboured or ridden whilft he is in curing. |
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li 2 CHAP,
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242 Of Cures Chyrurgicat. Lib. 2.
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C H A P. LXXX
Of an Attaint or over-reach on the Heel.
S3* A N" Attaint or over- reach upon the heel, is, - when a Horfe flri-
MX. keththe toe of his hinder moe into the heel, juft upon the fetting on of the hoof, and this over-reach, if it be not looked unto,: will fret and rankle fo much inward, that it will endanger the horfes hoof, and you mall commonly fee. by the cut the skin bang over the. hoi fes heel; and it will make a horfe halt. Now the Cure is, Firfttocut away the skin, and alfo the hoof, 'and the flefh, till you have made the fore even and plain without any hollownefs; then wafh it very well with Beer and Salt, then bind unto it a little flax dipt in the white of an Egg, mingled with a little B^le-armonick, renewing it every day once, thefpace of three of four days, and thac will heal it. GH A P. LXXXI;
Of'the Mcllet sn-tke Hal.
AMellet is a dry Scab that groweth upon the heel, fometimes
through the corruption of blood, and fometimes for want of clean rubbing and dreffing, when he is wet fetup : It appeareth like a dry Chap without any moifture, and it will be fometimes as well onbothiieels as on one. The Cure, according to the practice of theold Fairiers, is, to take half a pint of honey, and a quarter of a. pound of black Sope, and mix them together \ then put thereto four or five fpoonfuis of Vinegar, and as much Aliom unburn*: as a Hens Egg, and two fpoonfuls of Rye-flower; mix them ali well together, and then take it away, and warn all his leg and foot with fait beef broth, and then rope his Leg all the day with wet hay- ropes, and he will befohnd •, provided always, that before you drefs him, you ever takeoff the dry Scab or Scurf, and make the Sore as clean and as plain as is poffible. |
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■LID. 2. Of-Cures Chymrgkal. 245
CHAP. LXXXIL
0/ i-W/tf QHnrttn. AFalfe Quarter is a rift or open hack feam, fometimes in the
out-fide, but moft often in the infide of the hoof, becaufe the infide is ever the weaker part, which fides are ever called Quar- ters, whence this forance taketh this name, and is called a falfe quar- ter, as much as to fay, a fick and unfound Quarter ; for it is as if it Were a piece fet unto the hoof, and the hoof not all of one entire piece as it ought to be. It cometh many times by evil fhooing, and evil paring •, and fometimes by packing the horfe, andfuch like hurts. The figns to know ic are, the horfe will halt much, and the nft will bleed; and when the fhooe isofF, the whole forance isappa- rent to be feen. The cure, according to the ancient Farriers, is, to take off the fhooe, and cutaway fo much of the fhooe on thac fide where the forance is, as the fhooe being immediately put on a- gain, all the whole rift may be uncovered; then open the rifr with adrawer, and fill all the rift with a rowel of Tow dipt in Tu-pen- tine, Wax, and. Sheeps Suet molten together, renewing it every day once till it be whole j and the rift being clofed in the top, draA? hira betwixt the Hair and the Hoof with a hot Iron overthwart that place, to the intent that the hoof may fhoot all whole downward ; and when the horfe goeth upright, ride him either with soother' fhooe than this, or elfe with fuch a fhooe as-may bear in every pare but only upon the falfe quarter until the hoof be hardened. Others ufe to anoint it once a day with Sheep-fuec and Oylmixt together, and that will clofe the rift. Others ufe to cut away the -old corrupt hoof, and then take feven
whites of Eggs, the powder of Incenfe, cf unflackt Lime, of Maftick, of Verdigreafe, and of Salt, of each three ounces-, mix them well together, thendip inss much hurdsas will cover the fore hoof, lay it on, and then about it lay Swines Greafe an inch thick \ and Ike- wife below it alfo * Bind this on in fuch fort that it may renv.-iu unllirred-a Fortnight, then renew it lb again, and it will make perfect his hoof. But if there be any corrupt matter gathered within the falfe quar-er, and thereby caufeth the horfe to hale, then youfhalllay your finger upon it, and'if the Horfe fhr-ink thereat, then icis ripe j then open it with a drawing ktjlc, and let out the matter,
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2 44 Of Cures Cbyrurgical. Lib. 2.
matter, xhenlay onHorfe-dung, Oyl, Salt, and Vinegar mixt toge-
ther, Plaifter-wife, and that will heal it, and make the Hoof good t yet however, you rauft have care in fhooing him till his Hoofs be haidnedj as is before fhewed you. c h a p. L<x<xxixr.
Of a HorfithatisHipfedi or hart in the Hips.
A Horfe is fa id to be hipped, when either by ftrain, blow, or
other accident, the hip-bone is removed out of his right place. ItisaSoranceas hard to be cured as any whatfoever; for if it be' not taken even at the firfl; Iriftant, there will grow within the pot of the huckle-bone, fuch a thick bard fubftance, that it will leave no place for the bone, and then it is utterly incurable. The figns to know the Sorance are, the Horfe will halt much, and go fide-long, and will trail his legs a little after him ; the fore hip alfo will be lower than the other, and the flefh will fall away on the fide of his Buttock. The cure is, according to the beft Farriers, if you take him in good time, firfl: to caft him on his back, and then having a ftrong Paftorn on his grieved Leg, with a Rope draw that Leg up- right, and with your hands on each fide his thighbone, guide it di- rectly into the pot: that done, let him down gently, and fo fuffer him to rife with all meeknefs i then go with him into the Stable, and there charge all his hip and back with Pitch andRozen molten together, and laid on warm, and then fome flocks of his own colour to be clapt upon the fame, and fo turn the horfe to grafs until he go upright. & Eutif the horfe be not hipped, but only hurt in the hip, and that newly, then firfl: take of Oyl de Bay, Dialthea, of Nerve Oyl, and of Swines greafe, of each half a pound \ melt them all together, flirting them continually until they be throughly mingled together, then anoint the fore place therewith againft the Hair, every day once thefpace of a fortnight, and make the Oyntment fink'well into the flefh, by holding a hot Bar of Iron over the place anointed weaving your hand to and fro till the Ovntment be entred into the skin : and if at the fortnights end you fee the horfe not any thing amended, then flit a hole downward in his skin an inch be- neath the hip bone, making the hole, fo wide, as you may eafily thruftina roNvelwith your finger; and then with a Cornet and a quill blow the skin from the flefh above the bone, and round about the
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical.. 245
the fame, fo broad as the rowel may lye flat and plain within the skin
and theflefh .• and this rowel will be made of felt Calves Leather, with a hole in the midft, and athread tied unto ir, to pull it out when you would cleanfeit, and the hole; and if the rowel be rolled about with flaxfaft tyed on, and anointed with the Oyntment under-writ- ten, it will draw fo much the more. Now you muft thruft in your rowel firft double, and then fpread
it abroad with your finger .• that done, tent it with a good large tent of flax dipt in a little Turpentine and Hogs greafe moltea together and made warm, and cleanfe the hole and the rowel every day once; and alfo renew the tent for the fpace of a fortnight, and before you drefs him, caufe him every day to be led up and down a foot-pace a quarter of an hour, to make the humours come down; and at the fortnights end pull out the rowel, and heal up the wound with the fame Salve, making the tent every day lefler and Iefler, until it be whole: and fo foon as it is whole, with a hot drawing Iron draw crofs lines of eight or nine Inches long, right over the hip bone, foastherowelled place may be in the very midft thereof, and burn him no deeper but as the skin may look yellow; and then charge all that place, and over all his Buttocks with this charge : Take of Pitch one pound, of Rozen half a Pound, and of Tar half a pint, boyl them together, and then being good and warm, fpread it on with a Clout tyed in a riven flick, and then clap on a few flocks of the horfes colour; and if it be in Summer, let the horfe. run to grafs a while, for the more he travelleth at his own will, the better it is for him. CHAP LXXXIV.
Of Stifling, and Hurts in the Stifle.
THal Horfe is faid to be ftifled, when the ftifling bone, which is
a little bone of two inches in length, lying between the'nether end of the thigh-bone, and the upper end of the great hough-bone °f the hinder Leg, is by any ftrain, ftroke, flip, or fuch like, thruft out of his right place; but if the ftifling bone be not removed nor loofened, and yet the horfe hakethby means of fome grief in that Place, then we fay the horfe is hurt in the ftifle, and not ftifled. •The figns are thefe; if the horfe be ftifled, the ftifle-bone will flick out more of the one fide than of the other, and it is apparent to the ■ eye
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2^6 Of Cures Chyrurgicat. lib. 2.
eye, and in his halting be will no more but touch the ground with
his Toe. Tne Cure, according to the opinion of the old Farriers, is, to
thruft two round pins crofs the Milling bone, through the skin, in ftich fort as you were taught for the ihoulder pigh't; but the pins would not be any thing near fo big. nor fo long, becaufe the ftifling bone is not fo broad as the fhoulder : and Handing in the Stable, let him have a paftorn and a ring upon his fore Leg, and thereunto fatten a Cord, which Cord muft go about h's Neck, and let it be fo much ftrained, as it may bring his fore Leg more forward than the other, to keep the bone from ftarting out : But this Cure is foui and troubkfom, wherefore other Farriers of better experience, ufeocly ' to fet a patten fhooe upon his found foot, and fo turn him abroad , that he may be compelled to tread upon his lame Foot, and that {training of it will in a dayor two make him as found as ever be was, ;|r|= and put the ftifling bone into its true place again. But if you can- not readily get a patten-fhooe, then y6u (hall take either a plain furcingle, or any other broad binding web that will go three or four times about the horfes Leg, and with it you (hall garter up the horfes found Leg three fingers above the ham, even upon his main great finew, foftraitas yourfelf and another man can draw it, and then turn the horfe abroad where he may go up and down, and in eight and forty hours the horfe will be as found as ever he was: then take off* the garter, and rub the place that was gartered up, with Frefh Butter, for it will be much fwelled. Now if this mifchance of ftifling happen unto your Horfe in
your travel, and that your occafions will not fufferyou to ftay for nny of thefe Cures, then you fhall take your Horle either to feme deep Pond, or deep River, that hath eafie going in and out, and therefwim him up and down a dozen turns; which done, you may after travel him at your pleafure: for the more he is laboured the founder he will go. Now if your horfe be not ftifled, but only hurt in theftifle, either with fomeftripe or fomeftrain, then the bone •will not Hand out, yet perhaps the place will be much fwelled. The cure, according to the opinion of the old Farriers, is, to make a little flit in his Skin, a handful below the fore place, and then with a pill blow all the skin from the flefh upwards, and then with your hand prefs out the wind again, and then thruft in a rowel of ■Horfe-hair^ from thefirft flit to the upper part of the ftifle-bone: this
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Llb* 2" Of Cures Cbjrurgicat.
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!47
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this don
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^'dat f°f P/a\e.the!e^ every day once, the Lei o jgg
L^"? tvve*»y one Days he will be found. L e» of VPT»varnersufeoil'iytotake n'Pound 6f Bole ?rmon- a riteftl
^oTKES Rx^^ Shell, and all;t^ p^ \orth of Engluh-Honey, and as much Veitfxtt-tutDentine *SHE
of F'ower,a!1d one good handful of Bay-fSt^ StfgSS S E32HS r i11 ¥**F $ * »S tif-
fins rr I 0,u C ?e fore Place with *°& of it, and th us drVf ■* * once a day the fpace of nine days, it will make M%rf| CHAP. LXXXV.
0/ ?k W %»j^ or ^ dry Spawn. T Wat SpaV?n' • °r, *few^* is a hard k"«b as b^ *s a
n^r ^Sk^'^^^W of *he « « under jgfpSuE ^eHXfhaltnS <Vrf t0bC?^d>ne' and cau**
ture,ordefcen,- "?• ^Is Sorance will come fbmetimes by na- imd the fame DiSV,he" 3$* ^ ^ &*°f the Horfe have
~9iech when a Si'; "l^?"168 ■ C»h.ch is moft generaj^ it larf of his hinrC T - Ia,bo"red„ t0° m%h: 'ora Horfc in that clufter, which be?' g Sft ?*" E°nes knic «&thcr upon one " proceeded f h t!iefe unnatural excretiqas. OtherTvhiies
*C Sfc?s #y.«* ^,P?ivin^iS
Place with fteg^ Mafter-vein continually feeding that
fwelline in con^ 5' •" cauies the place to fwelL which therefore is ST!;Ch! f U™ becom?th fo hard as a Bo^nS
ff* of nfsoS mT rPfaven' The flgnS are lhe aPP3renC °f other Far47s t a ?r i, y t ?W &**&*# Remind the Eye-roTPm V a^1C1S VF/ hard abfolutely to Cure it vet thac jd^^&SSffW and ^WW #b eaftd!1s not
^ercaf, SfiCftSlW ?Tr ,% * Proceed to the Cure
i«in*, to the Opinion of the Old Farriers, is thus 'j Firit
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Kk 7 ir
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248 Of Cures Cbyrurgical. Lib. 2.
flit the Skin juft over the head of the Spavenor Excretion, and open
it with a Cronet, and in any cafe have a care that you touch not the Matter-vein, but put it by : then with your Launcet lay the Spaven all bare, then with a fine Chizel about a quarter of an Inch broad, or a little more, ftrikeoff the dead of the Spaven, to the quantity of a quarter of an Almond, or according to thebignefsofa Spaven: then take two penny-weight of Verdigreafe beaten to fine Powder, and two penny-weight of Nerve-oyl, and beat them all well together: then laying fome of it upon fine Lint, lay it upon the Spaven ; then lay dry Lint betwixt the Medicine and the Vein, that the Medicine may not touch the Vein \ then lay a Plaifter of Pitch, Rozen,Turpen« tine, and Hogs greafe molten together, all over the Hough, both to comfort the Joynt, and to keep in the Medicine. And thus drefs him thefpaceof threedays, and it will cleanfe away theSpiven even to the bottom; at the end of three days you fhall wafh away the Gor- rofive and the Matter, either with Tanners Water, or with Vinegar, and lay no more of that Salve thereto for hurting the bone; then make a Plaifter of Diaculum, and lay it upon a Linnen Cloath and lay that Plaifter upon the Spaven, renewing it every day once for the fp3ce of feven days, and it will heal him up. Others of the Old Farriers ufe,Firft to wafh the Spaven with warm
Water, and fhave off the Hair fo far as the Spaven extendeth, and then * fcarifie the place and make it bleed : Then take of Cantharides one dozen, and of Euforbium half afpoonful \ beat them into Powder, and boylthem together with a little Oyl de Bay, lay this boyling hot upon the Sore, and let all his Tail be tied up from wiping away the Medicine; and then within half an hour after, let him up in the Stable.and tie him fa as he may not lie down all that night, for fear of rubbing off the Medicine j and the next day anoint it with frefh Gutter, continuing thus to do every day once the fpace of five or fix days V'and when the Hair is grown again, draw the fore place with an hot Iron in this fort, juft upon the Spaven: then tajce j- another hot Iron like a Bodkin, fomewhat.bowing at the point <3S andnffuft it in attheneather end of the middle Line, and fo X^ upward betwixtthe Skin and the Flefh, an Inch and an half, (e\j and then tent it with a little Hogs-greafe and Turpentine molten together, and made warm, renewing it everyday once, the fpace of nine days; provided that firft immediately after his burn- ing, you take up the Mafter-vein, fuffering him to bieed a little from
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Of Cures Chyrurgical.
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349
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from above, then with a red filk tie the upp: r end of the Vein, and
leave the neather end open, to the intent that he may bleed from beneath until it ccaft of it felfj and this will diminifh the Spaven, but not take it clean away. Now there be other Farriers which ufe it after they burn it in
manner aforefaid, and taken up the Mafter-vein, to anoint ic with frefh Butter, till the burning begin to fca'e; add then take of Sage, or Nettles, of each a handful, and boyl them with four handfuls of Mallows in fair Water, and then put thereto a little Butter, and with that, Bathe him every day once for three or four days till the burning be whole, and let him not wet his Feet during the Cure. Others ufe to prick the Spavcn with a (harp pointed Knife, then.
take a piece of Candle, and lay a piece of brown Paper upon it, and with an hot Iron melt the Tallow, and after anoint it with Butter. Others ufe firft to prick the Spavenwell, then to lay upon it, for three or four days together, every day, Mans-dung: after that, lay to it Galbanum till the fore-matter and rheum, and the humour come forth, then wafli it with Urine; and laltly, heal it up with Oyl and Honey boyled together, for that will bring on the Hair. Now to conclude, that which I have ever found to be the fureft
and the eleaneft way to take the bone fpaven quite away, if it beufed with difcretion and care, Is to take of Unguentum Apo'lo]orum,and of white Mercury, of each a little quantity, but of Mercury rather the more j mix them well together : then after you have caftyour Horfe, make a flit juft the length of the Spaven, fo that you touch not the Matter-vein, then opening it, and laying all the spaven bare, with a (harp Inftrument fcale the Spaven a little.; then make a ple- gantof Lint juft fo big as the excretion or bone fpaven is 5 then fpread- ingfomeof the Salve thereon, lay it upon the Spaven j then with dry Lint defend all other parts of the Member, efpecially the Mafter- vein horn the corrofive: then lay the Plaifter of Pitch, Rozen, Tur- pentine and Hogs-greafe before fpoken, round about his Hoof, and 10 let him reft four and twenty Hours: then take away all that Medi- cine, and fcaling the bone a little, if you find the corrofive have not- gone deep enough, then drefs it in the fame manner the fecond time, and that will be altogether fufficient: then take of Turpentine, of Ueersfuet, and of Wax, of each a like quantity, and mix and melt them well together.then drefs the fore place therewith, being warm- K k 2 ed.
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Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. z.
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ed, and Lint or Tow dipt therein, and within a day or two you -fhalt
fee the whole cruft of the Spaven come clean away, then may you with the fame Salve, heal up the Wound ; and this Bathe never fail- ed me in any praftice. Alfo underftand, that whatfoever take^h g,;f> away the Splint, taketh away the Spavcri alfo. CHAP. LXXXVI.
/
Of the blood Spaven-, wet Sjaven, or through Spaven.
THE blood Spaven, wet Spaven, or through Spaven, (for all
is one DifeafeJ is a foftfwelling growing on both fides the Hoof, and Teems as though it went through the Hoof, whereby it is called a through Spaven $ but, for the moft part, thefwelling on the infide (becsufe it js fed continually of the . Maftertyein) is greater than the dwelling on the out-fide. It proceedeth from a more fluxible and fiegmy Humour, and not fo vifcous and flimy, as the other Spaven doth j and tberefore this never waxeth hard, nor groweth to a Bone, and therefore it is a much eafier Cure than the other. The figns thereof are like the other, the apparent fight thereof; and for the Cure, it is according to the Opinion of the Old Farriers,in this man- ner : Firft, wafh the Spaven with warm Water, and then drefs it withCantharides and Euforbium, in fuch fort as was at large fhew- ed in the former Chapter; only you fhall not boyl them, but only mix them together, and drefs the fore therewith two days together: then anoint it with Butter, and after burn it with a hot Iron both without and within, in manner as is fbewed alio in the former Chapter; but you fhall by no means tent it: then immediately you .fhall take up the Mifter-vein, and let it bleed, aswas fbewed before j and then for the fpace of nine days,' anoint him every day once with Butter, until the burning begin to fcale, and then waftrit with this Bath ; Take of Mallows three handfuls, of Sage one handful, and as much of red Mettles; boyl them in Water until they be foft, then put thereto a little frefh Butter, and Bathe the place every day once for the fpace of three or four days, and until the burning be whole, let the Horfe come in no wet. Other Farriers ufe, after they have fhaved off thfe fjair, and taken
g£|= up the Vein,To take of Muftard-feed, of the great Mallow- root,and
. of Ox-dung, of eacifa like quantity, and as much ftrong Vinegar as
will
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Of Cttres ChyrurgicaL
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251
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will mix then-; together like a Salve, then beat them all well toge-
ther and make thereof afcf, Plaifter, or dfean Ointment, and lay it upon the Spaven ; change ic Evening and Morning, and bind it in fuch fort to the Sorance with fame piece of Cloth, that ic may not fall oft or be removed y and when the Spaven is clean gone, lay up- on the place a Flaifrer of Pitch very hot, and take it not off, untifie fail away of its own accord. Other Farriers ufe unto this former Medicine to add Oyl de Bay, Turpentine, and Bole-armonick. And other Farriers ufe but only to take up the Vein, both above
and below the Spaven, and fuffering it to bleed well ^ then to knit up the Vein, and anoint ic with Butter till it be whole, and it will confume the Spaven. CHAP. LXXXVII.
A moft rare and well approved Medicine, which xolll take away any
blood Spaven vphatfoever. Apter you have faken up the Vein, knit it fail above, ar.d then *t3--
cut it in funder, you fhall take of Linfeed two or three hand- fu!s, and bruifeit well in a Mortar j then mix it with new Cow-dung, and putting it in a Frying- Pan, heat it well upon the Fire, and very hot apply it to the Spaven, renewing it Morning and Evening till it bring the Spaven like a Boil to Impofthumation, and to break it; then after it hath run a day or two, you (hall only apply to the fore a PJaifter of Pitch, till it be whole. CHAP. ; LXXXVIII.
Of the Sdlmder. r*HE Sellender is a certain kind of dry Scab, gswwtog in the
■*• _ very bent of the Ham of the hinder Leg j and it excendeth out into ill favoured chaps or chinks, which if it be not prevented by Medicine, ic will fret in funder the Sinews of the Hoof. It is in all points like unto a Mallander, and it proceedeth from the felf- like Caufes, and requireth the felf-fame Cures, therefore look in- to the Chapter of tne Mallander, and whatfoe^er you find there, that will Cure, the Mallander, the fame will alfo Cure the Seilen- «fciv CHA P« |
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252 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. z.
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G H A P. L<XXXIX\
Of the Hongh Bonny.
THE Hough Bonny is around fwellinglike a Paris Ball, grow-
ing upon the very tip or elbow of the Hoof, and corneth ever of fomeftripeor bruife; but efpecialiy when be beatcth his Hoof either againft the Poft which ftandeth behind him, at the nether " end of his Stall, or againft the Bar which doth divide him from ano- ther Horfe, which many Rammifh Jades will do, when they feek to ftrike at the Horfe which ftandeth next them. Now the Cure thereof is thus, according to the Opinion of the
Old Farriers, Take a round Iron fomewhat (harp at the end, like a good big Bodkin, and let it be fomewhat bending at the point; then holding the fore with your left Hand, pulling it fomewhat from the Sinews, pierce it with the Iron, being firft made red hot, thrufting it beneath in the bottom, and fo upward into the Jelly, to the intent that the fame Jelly may iflue downward out of the hole : and ha- ving thruft out all the Jelly, tent the hole with a Tent of Flaxdipt in Turpentine and Hogs-greafe molten together; and alfo anoint the out-fide with Hogs-greafe made warm, renewing it every day once until the hole be ready to clofe up, making the tent every day lefler and lefler until it be whole. Now for my own part both for this Sorance, or any other bruife in this part, I have found this Cure ever the beft •• Firft, either with rotten Litter or Hay boyled in old Urine, orelfe with a Plaifter of Wine-lees and Wheat-flower boiled together, to ripen thefwelling, and bring it to putrefaction, or elfe to drive the fwelling away ; but if it come to a head, then to Launceit in the loweft part of the foftnefs, with a thin hot Iron, and fo let out the matter : then to tent it with Turpentine, Deers- fuet, and Wax, ©f each a like quantity molten together, laying a Plaifter of the fame Salve over it, to bold in the tent until it be perfectly well. |
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y"^m 2 • Of Cares Chyrurgical. 2 y ^
C HAP. XC
Of the Curb.
A Curb is a long fwelling a little beneath the Elbow of the Hoof
of the great finew behind, hard above the top of the Horn, which caufeth the Horfe to halt after a little Labour: for the more his rtTir ftrained> the g^ter is his pain, and the more he hath reft, the letter is his grief ; it cometh as the Spavens come, either from aeicent, or from great burthens when the Horfe is young, or elfe irom fome ftrain or wrench. The figns are, the apparent view there- in u°dtheCure according to the Old Farriers, Is firft to fhave off the Hair, then prick it with a Fleam in three or four places, and for three or four days together, lay unto it twice a day Mans-dung ; «Ren lay Galbanum to u likewife twice a day until it rot, and that the matter doth iflue forth; then wafh it with Urine : and laftly, neal it up with Honey and Oyl boyled together, renewing the fame twice a day till the Curb be gone •, and in any cafe let all your Salves be applied warm and new made, and if you make an IfTue with a not Iron in the bottom of the<2urb, it will not d^amifs. Others ufe to take a very hot Iron, and hold it as nigh the fore as
jPav be, but not touching it: then when It is warm, vent it in fix or leven places; then take a a fpoonful of Salt, half a fpoonful of Nerve- oyi, and a penny-weight of Verdigreafe, and the white of an Egg; mix thefe well together, and dipping Flax in the fame, lay it to the wirb, and this in few dreffings will take it away. Other Farriers u; ii° Chafe and rub the Curb wcI1 with their Hands '• then take red
wall-wort leaves, andBurrage, and braying them well together, «y it to the Curb, renewing it once a day for a feven-night together. •
uthers ufe to flit the Curb all the length, then take a piece of Lin-
nen cloth, and wet it in Wine made warm : then ftrow Verdigreafe
P^P00* and bind it to the Sore, renewing it once a day until the
uirb be gone. Others of the Ancient Farriers take of Winc-lees a
\k'\ Cummin half an ounce, and as much W heat- flower as will
nicken it, and ftir them well together -, and being made warm,
cnargethe fore place therewith, renewing k every day once, the
ipace oi three or four days, and when the fwelling is alraoft gone,
then
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254 Of Cures Chyrur^kat. Lib. i.
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then draw it with a hot Iron made very thin, in this fore, and
cover the burning with Pitch and frozen molten together, and laid on good and warm, and clap thereon fome flocks of the _ Hones colour, or fa nigh as may begotten, and remove them' not until they fall away of themfelves h and for the fpace of Nine Days let the Horfe reft, and Come in no wet. Now there be other Farriers which to this iaft recited Salve, will add Tar, and it isfeot amifs, only it will not flick fo well. Now for niineowft part, I have ever found this'practice'the
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beft.
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Firft, With a broad Tncle to bind the Hoof ftrait a little about
tlie Ccd":' then with a fffioodh hazel Stick to beat, rub, and chafe the Curb f then with a Fleam ftfike it asdeep as you can in two or three places of the Curb; then thfuh out the c'orrupt Blood [ and after ■upon the point of your Knife, put into every "hole as deep as you can tferuft it, the quantity of two Barley-Ceres of white Mercury, and To let the Horfe reft four and twenty Hears after v then after, only anoint the fore place with hbtindk-en Buttertillit bewhele, once a day at the-lea'ft. And- likdwife he-re und«rftand, that' whatfover Cureth the' Splint or the SpaVen, that Cureththe Curb alfo. C H A i:i XCli. ■
Of the. Paint. THE Paih9is a certain Ulcerous Scabgrbwinginthe Pafrorns of
a Horfe, betwixt'the Fetlock and the Heei/fulloFfreitmgmat- terilfh Water, and come:h only for want of good rubbing and clean dreffing; after the Horfe hath been Journiedih the Winter-wsy.;t by means whereof the fa-nd and durt remaining in the Hair, fretuth the. Skin ar^d Flelh, and fo breaketh to a Scab \ andthereforcyotir Fti: fens, and Flanders-Bbrfes and Mares, whitfcsre nowfe mtichinure with IB for the^Coach, are the fooiieft tr'duMed^iththy iSifeafe, if tile Keeper benot'much the more Careful The ll^ns kfeVeof are, iiis Legwiil be fwdlhaitdhet, ' the'Scib will-be p;ilpaMeTdbcfeIt, and the Water will iffue oat of the Scab'j which water is fo hot and fretting,that it WAX fcaldoffthe Hair,and breed Scabs where it g'oetfa. The Carev according to the A hcient Farriers, is, Take of ■Turpen- tine, Hdgs-greafe, Honey and black So^^^^fe^^dSBftit^ ( and
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Of Cures Chyrurgical.
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255
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?> i RV1fg moIten them uP°na fQf£ fire> takeit ofF> and pat in a
little Bole-arraonick, finely beaten into powder ; then work ali thefe Mings well together with a Hick in your right Hand, and a difli of Wheat, flower by you, that with your left Hand, you may put ic in by a little at once, till you have made it thick like an Oyntmeat, or foft aalve ; thenfpread it upon a Linnen cloth,, as big as the Sore,having "^ cut away the hair, and made the Sore raw, apply to the Salve, and drefs him thus once a day until it be whole! M w Medicinfris well approved to Cure all forts of Pain,Scratches, mouldy Heels,or any other skirvy Scalls whatfoever, that may breed in Horfes Legs or Heels, whether, they come by means of evil Bu- h °mS' °r f°r ,ack of Sood Dreffing or clean Keeping,whether they
oeMattry oe filthy running Sores, or elfedryScabs. Others of the old: fan7?rs ufe ft>r thisSorance to take a pint of Red-Wine Lees,anda oandtul of Wheat-bran, afaucerfullof Ho.ey, and half a pound of h!fP°Wder °f Pc)wdred Beef burnt, and ss. much of Bark dull, and Ta u ?f°Und of Allom> and a <3Uarter of a pound of Swincs-greafe, ana nail a handful of Vervine : beat all thefe together in a Mortar, ana then fry them over the fire, and make a hot plaifter thereof, and lay it to the fore,as hot as the horfe can fuffer itjetcingit abide there trie ipace of three days; and in once or twice thus dreffing him it w*U make him found ; yet forae hold, if you do with a hot drawing "on fear the great vein over-thwart, a handful above the fetlock, and gen put a fpoonful of Tar, a fpoonful of Butter, and a fpoon'ful of «pney, and warming them well together, anoint the Vein there- J? uVCr7 *** til] the Cure be pcrfofted, and it is much available.
t utl?tr Farriers ufe, Fiift to waft all the Horfes Paftorns with But- wh m Vr- wel1 warmed together, and then his Leg being fome- wnattiryed, clip away all the hair that doth annoy the fore: then !!!l f'Mf' of Hogs-greafe, and of Honey, of each a like liM-i d i ' min&!erhen? well together in a pot, and put thereunto a iittieBole armonick.the yolks of two Eggs,and asmuchVVhwt-flower as Will thicken,,thq things aforefaid, and fo. by long working it, hi it ! \ Pla!il€r ' then fPread i£ uP°n we Linnen cloth, and riLi CUnd.ab°Ut che Horfes Paftorn> and-bind it faft on with a wift.il; lCD^-w? ,£'once a daytUi the Horfe be whole: and in no Fir ft Jn u r °[fe ?me in any wet durifig the Core- Others ufe, till ir XI] t, j foiePIace w^1 a hay-rope, or with a hair-cloth, wu it either bleed, or be raw; then take a .little ftroag Mu$>rd; L l Bean,
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2 5<5 Of Cures Cbyrurgica/. Lib. 2.
Bean-flower, and frefh greafe, with a little Fenugreek ■-, then mix all
together ina difh, and make thereof a Salve, and theiewithanoint the fore, until it leave mattering; then take Honey, the white of an Egg, and frefh Butter j mix them together, and anoint the fore place therewith untill it be whole. Others ufe only to bathe the fore ^•ith Beef-broth , and then for four or five days after , to anoint it with Soap, or elfe firft to plunge his Feet in fcalding water twice or thrice; and then bathe the fore in fcalding water; then have ready a hard roafted Egg, cleave it in the midft, and lap it too as hot as you can, and let it lyebound all night ■■, afe this once or twice, and you may adventure to ride him. 83» .Others ufe to take Pepper, Garlickftampt, Coleworts, and old
Hogs-greafe, of each a like quantity; > then beat them in a mortar till they be come to a Salve, and fo lay it to the fore, renewing it once a day till it be whole, f£f= Others ufe firft to take up the Shackle-veins on both fides, then
•fake the foft row of a Red-herri.ng,and Muftard, and black Soap, and when they are well beaten together, boil them in Vinegar til] they come to a Salve, and apply it to the fore ; this will Cure the Pains, albeit you do not take up the Shackle-veins. If you cannot readily get this Salve, you may take Butter and Honey molten together; and it will help them, or elfe take a pound of Hogs-greafe, a penny-worth of Verdigreafe, two ounces of Muftard, half a pound of Honey , half a pound of Ehglifh Wax, one ounce of Arfnick, two ounces of Red-lead, and half a pint of Vinegar j boil all cheYe together and make an Ointment of it: then having dipt and made the fore all bare, apply the Medicine theVeunto very hot, and renew it once a day until it be whole, Others ufe totake five ounces of Orpiment, five of Tartar, one pf Verdi- greafe, half an ounce of Sulphur, as much of Vitriol made into powder, the juice of four Citrons, the whites of two Eggs, with three ounc«es of Sallet-oy!; let all thefebe very well beaten toge- ther, ?nd applied once a day to the Sore, and it will not ofily heal this Difeafe, but any fait humour whatfoever:- Mingle with foft Greafe, Vinegar, Honey, Orpiment, and Arfenick j but let Arf- nick be theleaft, and it will Cure this Difeafe s fo will alfo White- wax , Turpentine and Camphire mixt together. Others ufe to take an Hundred Black-Snails in the Month of A%, flit them, and put them in a bag with a pint of Bay-falt, then hang them over |
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Lib* 2» Of Cures Chyrurgica/. 257
the fire, with a VefTel fet under to receive what drops frorruhem^nd
keep it in a clofe glafs; then anoint the fore every day therewith, and it will heal this Sorance. Others take Honey and Vinegar, of each a like quantity, a little Oyl, and Suet of a Hee-goat_, of each • alike, alfo boil them with a foft fire and ftir it well: when it waxeth led, add of Verdigreafe and Vitriol, of each a like quantity made into powder, ftirring it till it be red and thick : then being warm , anoint the fore place therewith once a day, after it hath been waffl- ed with warm water : and this notoniy helps the the pains, but alfo any Sorance whatfoever of like nature about the Legs. Alfo green Copperas and Roch-allom, of each half a pound, and
a handful bf Bay-falt boiled ina gallon of running-water, will heal 1C.5 or elfe untoil add a pint of Honey, and boil it over again, and it will be the better ; then when you have anointed the fore therewith, rub it with the powder of Glafs, Muftard and Vinegar mixed toge- ther, and afterward skin it with Cream, and the inner rind of El- der beaten to a Salve, which muft be applied to the Sore twice a da? at the ieaft. CHAR XCII.
Of the tjffules or Kibe-Heels.
THefe Mules, or Kibcd-Heels, are certain dry fcabs orchaps breed-
ing behind upon the Heels of a Horfe, and fo a little inward even to the Fetlock, in long chaps and chinks; it proceedeth either from corruption of blood, or from being bred in wet marrifh grounds, or elfe from unclean and negligent keeping, in iuth man- ner as the Pains are bred ; this Sorance will make the Horfcs Leg to • fwell much, efpecially in the Winter, and about the Spring-time, and he will goflifjy, and halt much. Now for the Cure, you (hall underftand, that whatfoever healeth
vthe Pains, the fame will in like fort heal thofe Kibed-Heels ; yet for more particularity, you fhall know, that the old Farriers did ufe for this Sorance, if they took it at the beginning, but only to anoint Jt tor two or three days with Soap, and then after to wafh it with ftrong Urine, or Beef-broth till it were whole i bnt if it were of any long continuance, then flrft to cutaway the hair and lay the fore open and plain \ then take two ounces of unflaked Lime, one ounce LI a of
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<-8 "'""" Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib.
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of Soap, and the White of an Egg,or elfe an ounce of unfl ;ked Lime,
and as much Salt, and three ounces of Soot, and mingling them with ftrong Vinegar, anoint the fore therewith, and ic will heal and killthfm. Others Farriers ufe to calcinate Tartar, and diflolve il to Water 5
then congeal it like Salt, and mingle it with Soap like an Oyntmerlt, and then drefs the fore therewith, and this will in eight and forty , honrs heal any Mules, Pains, or Scratches vvhatfoever, If you take the juice of the leaves and roots of Elder, it is very good Co dry up any of thefe evil humours. CHAP. XCI1L
Of Wind-galls-
TH £ Wind-gall is a little Bleb or Bladder full of corrupt jelly,
and like the white of an Egg growing on each fide of the Ma- iler-iinew of the Leg, hard above the Paftorn. Now of them fome will fee big, and fome will be little, and there will be fometimes more than one or two of a clufter, and they are fo painful, eipecially in the Summer-feafon, when the Weather is hot, and the Ways hard, that the Horfe is not able to travel, but halteth down-right j they proceed commonly from extream labour in the Summer-time upon hard Way?, whereby the Humors being diflblved, do flow and rc- fort into the hollow places about the nether Joynts, which are moll 3^=. beaten and feebled with travel, and there are congealed and cover- ed with a thin skin like a bladder \ they are moll apparent to be feen and felt. The Cure thereofaccording to the old Farriers, is, toTake a Knife, ■
and open it in the length of a Bean, piercing no further into it than through the skin of the Bladder, and then thruit out the Jelly, which ' aslfaid before, will be like the white of an Egg ; then take the yolk of an Egg, and as much Oyl de Bay as a good Nut/and mixing- them together, make a Plaifler thereof, and lay it to the fore, and* in two or three days it will heal it. Others of the old Farriers drefs it with Euforbium and Cantharides, in fuch fort as is (hewed for the taking away of the fplent: but if that will not ferve, then V , \ with a hot drawing Iron to draw the wind-gall in this fort .• <r ^* shen to open the middle Lane with a Launcet, the length of a Bean
and
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•Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical.
and thruft out the jelly, then lay Pitch and Rozen raolcen together
upon it, and then a few flocks, and that will take ii clean away. Other Farriers -ufe to take up the Mafter-veins o;i the bfkleof his Leg?, and fufFer him only to bleed from below : Then having put up the Vein, cover all his Leg over with a Plaifter of Wine-lees and Wheat- flower mingled together, and rowl it withalong rowler j drefs him in this fort once a day till it be whole. Others ufe to open the skin and put out the jelly, then takeafp^bon-
ful of Oyl de-Bay, a fpoonful of Turpentine, a permy-worth of Ver»- digreafe, the white of an Egg, and a quarter of an ounce of Red Lead, boil them together till it come to a Salve; then lay it to the Wind-gall, and it will Cure it; or elfe, after you have let out the jelly, take Rozen, Sheeps fuet, and Brimftone, of each alike,and melt them together, and lay that upon the Wind-gall, ib it be not too hot, and it will Cure if. Others take the Roots of Cummin, and beat them well with a little Salt, and lay that to the Wind-gall 5 or elfe anoint them with the juice of Oinons or Leek-blades, and that will allay them, or elfe Ground-ivy and Worm-wood with the roots fod in Wine,andlaidtothe Wind gall, will take them away. Others «£$■ of our later experienced Farriers, Take an ounce of White-wax, an ounce of Rozen, two ounces of raw Honey, three ounces ofSwines- greafe, twoouncesof Oyl of the yolks of Eggs, five ounces of Oyl de Bay j mix all thefe well together, and ftrain them; then rub them into the Wind-gall, by holdinga hot bar of Iron againir. the Oynt- ment and it will take the Wind=gall away. Now for the making of the Oyl of the yolks of Eggs, itisthus: Firft, feeth the Eggs hard, then ftamp them, and feeth them in an earthen pot with a loft fire, and fo ftrain them. Now this Medicine will not only heal the Wind- gall, but the Ring-bone a!fo; it is very good for the abating of the Wind.gall, and tor making the Medicine to work the better, to let the Hoffe ftand in a cold running ftream an hour, morning and evening. Thefcumof the four Salts fod in mans Urine, and laid to the Wind-gall, will take it away. There be others which take a potttle of Vinegar, a pound of Orpi-
ment, a quarter of a pound of Galls, and as much of the herb Mol- leynftamped fmall; mingle thefe well together, and put them into a pot, then every day therewith bath the Wind-gall; and in three weeks it will dry them clean up; it will alfo take away a Curb, or a Spaven, or a Ring-bone, if you take them at the breeding. O- ther
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ado Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
ther Farriers take of Seviioyl and Brimftor.e, of each a like quan-
tity, and feeth them in Mans Urine, and ftir them well together j after put in the quantity of a Walnut of Soap, to keep the hair from fcalding off f then bath the Wind-gall with this hoi, thrice together, rubbing it well in 5 then anoint it above with Merve-oyI, and Oyl de Bay, and make it, by holding to it a hot Bar of Iron, or a hot Fire- pan, to fink into the flefh, and in three days it will dry up any Wind; gall Now for mine own part, the heft-Medicine 1 have found in my 0> Practice for this Sorance, and the eafieft, is, with a fine Launcet to open the Wind-gaU, making the hole no. bigger than that the jelly may come forth j then having thruft it clean forth, iap a woollen wee cloath upon it, and with a Taylors hot preffing Iron, rub upon the cloath till you have made the cloath fuck in all the moifture from the Wind-gaU, and that the Wind-gall is dry; then take of Pitch, of Roxen, and of Maftick, of each a like quantity, and being very- hot, daubt it all over the Wind-gall, then clap good ftore of flocks of the colour of the Horfe upon it, and fo let the Horfe reft or run at graft till the Plaifter fall off by its own accord, and befure the V Vind-gall will be gone. Now I would give you this for a Rule, that by no means you ufe
to a Wind-gall, either Arfenick, or Rofalgar j for commonly thea the Wind-gall will come again ^ neither muft you burn much 5 nor make any great incifion: For any of thefe will turn the foft fub- ftance of the Wind-gall to bardnefs, and then the Horfe will be lame without Cure, > CHAP. XCIV.
Of a Strain in the Paftorn'joynty or Fetlock^
A Hoi fe may be ftrained in the Fet- lock, or Paftorn-.joynfc, either
by fome wrench in the Stable, when the Planchers arc broken under him, or by treading awry upon fome Hone, or upon fome Cartrut, as he travHleth by the way. Thefigns whereof be thefe • The joynt will be fwolo and fore, and the Horfe will halt $ and the Cure, according to the old Farriers, is, Take a quart of ftale Urine, and feeth it till the fome arife i then ftrain it, and put thereto a handful of Tanfie, and a handful of Mallows, and a Saucer full of Honey, and a quarter of a pound of Sheepsfuet 5 then fet it on |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical. 261
the fire, and feethe them all together till the Herbs be fodden foft j
and then hpinci uoMi V>~«- 1»« >!•:. i"»_~i-:- *-
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and then being very hot, lay this Poultis to the Joynt, and cover ic
Seftrai * BIuecloath> aild in three times d"ffing it will help Other Farriers take of Dialthea half a pound, and as much Nerve-
oyJ, mingle them well together, and anoint the fore place therewith, enanng it well with both your Hands, that the Oyntment may enter in •, continuing fo to do every day once until the Oyntment be all ipent, and let the horfe reft; but if this will not prevail, then they WW uie Cantharides, as in cafe of the Splint s but I do not hold that J-ure convenient, becaufe it will make a double grief. Therefore I had rather you mould take Pompilion, Nerve oil, and Black foap, 01 each alike, and heat them hot on the fire, and then anoint the aore place therewith, and it will make the Horfe found* |
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CHAP. XGV.
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To remedy any manner of Halting that cometh by Strain, Stroak^ or
any ether Accidmt. N O W forafiirach as Halting is fuch a general Sorance amongft
in w r ,?Vthat not any Man that is Mafter of a Horfe, but even will V w rtraVe1, ls at one tiraeor othcr vexed with the fame, I ral RerSc r, rl l}° V0^ anyfurther,fet you down certain gene- rim™^fX lua~d ai?d cuIkdout of the PfivatePr^ice and expe- Si t ?C Cft Farriers in cbrifie»dom, of which I may give the bolder Teltimony, becaufe I have made practice of their Vertues. S«W S y°Ur xS0rfe have £aken ar]y halt> either by ftiffhefs of
fcin hki ' ^ndl> Stroak, or any other accident, if the grief of eacliVliS y°U ^aU ^ke Smallaee' °x*e^ and SheePs ft* »
Urin J^Tmuh ch°Pthemall together, and boil it in Men's . in rnS« , a ] the LeS herewith 5 then with Hay-ropes wet SSdaJf ' rowl "PhisLeg, and he will be able to travel the
look {itfTtheap?Bd °f ^k-Soapinaquartof ftrong Ale till it „
finetc llu'- and anomt uthe Le§ herewith, it will fupplethe^ witTtLandbr«S them to their truecourfe. If you waft hi Limbs Swith ^°UndS °f B^er °r Ale made™rm, and then rope them
»Pwith Hay-ropeswetrnthefame, itwill recover a ftiaiaff you |
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take
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i6z Of Cures Chyrurgical. Ilib. 2.
take of the flower of L'nfeed, of Turpentine and Life-honey, of
each alike, and boil them with White-Wine until they be thick like unto an Ointment j then fpread it on a cloth, and Jay it to the grief, and it will take away any Ach or Pain in the Sinews; likewife a Plaifter of Wine-lees and Wheat-flower, or a Plaifter of Black- Soap and Boars-greafe will do the like. £§=■ If you mix Nerve Oyl, Oyl de Bay, and Aquavits together, and warm it, and chafe it in, and upon, and about the drain, it will take the anguifh quite away* If the grief be in the Shoulder, or the hinder Leg, then burn him upon the very Joint, by taking up the skin with a pair of Pinfors, and thruft the skin through with a hot Iron overthwart; and if this Cure him not, then his pain is bs- twixt the thin skin and the bone, which mult then be rowelled. If the grief be in the Shoulder, or in the Hip, or elfe-where,then let him blood, and faving the blood, mix therewith the powder of Fran- jkincenfe, and anoint the Horfe with the fame. If the grief be only in the finews, then take the Plaifter called Sologliatium, made of Gum-dragant, new Wax, Pitch and Turpentine mixed together, or elfe take the yolks of two Eggs, an ounce of Frankincenfe, and a 1- little Bran, and beat them well together, and lay it to the Pain. If the Grief do proceed from a hot Caufe, then let the Horfe blood, and with that blodd mix Vinegar and Oyl, and anoint him, and chafe it well. But if it proceed from a cold Caufe, then let him bleed a little •, and with Figs foaked a day in warm water, and as much Muftard-feed, make a Plaifter, and lay k to the Grief. If it come either by any rufh or ftripe, let the Horfe blood, and with that blood mingle ftrong Vinegar, Eggs, fhells and all, three ounces of Sanguis Draconis, four of Bo'e-armony, and five of Wheat-meahand daub it all over the fore place. Jf the Grief be in the Shoulder, and the skin broken, take Galls of Soria punned, and mingle them with Honey, and lay it to the fore. If his pain come from the ftifFnefs of ^iis Joynts, Take a pound of Black Soap, and boil it in a quart of Ale till it be thick, and it will comfort the Joynts. If the Joynts be fwdled, then take Rozen, Pitch, Turpentine, and Sanguis Draconis molten together, and lay it to the fwelling warm, and it will either take away the fwelling, or elfe ripen it and make it run. If you take of theOyKef Camomil, Oylof Dill, Butter and Agrippa, of each » like quantitv; or elfe make a Paifter of an ounce of Turpentine,half M ounce of Verdigrcafe, and the marrow of a Stag j or bathe the Horfe
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T •! ' ' ------'---------------'-----------i~—"------------------------------■------------—:__________is
__^' 2' Of Cures Chyrurgical. 26->
horfe with warm water, wherein Rofemary hath been fod, and it
win ealeany pain whatfoever. If the horfes pain be in his moulder nnt with a Lancet prick the skin through*between the fpade-bone ana the marrow-bone; then putting in a quiiJ5b!ow the skin from the "el", even all about; then thralling out the vnnd with your hand, put in a rowel; then take apottle of ftale Urine,feeth it with apound k Ae iCr' and as much Swincs-greafe, and a handful of Mallows a handful of Tanfie, a handful of Vervin, a handful of red Nettles, a nandfulof Southernwood, and a handful of Balm leaves; then bear them all well together, and fo anoint his moulder therewith, and kz mm not go forth of the Stable for feven days. If his grief beinaiy nether joynt, then take a handful of Lawrel-leaves, and of Primrofe leaves, of Ground-Ivy, of Crowfoot, of Mallows, of red Fennel, and of fine Hay,, of each of them feveral as much; feeth them well together, and then let them ftand fourteen days then bath the joynt once a day, and bind on the herbs unto it four days together ■■, then after chafe into the joynt frelh greafe and oyl aiixt together, and •twill eafe all his pain. Now to conclude, if any joynt or member ahout the horfe be by any flux of humours fwelled, and grown out of inape, whereby the horfe goeth ftiff and halteth : then to diilblvs thofe humours, take Wormwood, Sage, Rofeniary, the bark of the •klm-tree, and of a Pine, together with LInfeed, and boiling thefe to- gether, make a Bath or Poltis thereof, and lay it to the fick member, and i-t will diflblve the humours j and fo likewife will figs, being ttamped with Salt, and applied to the fore. C H A P, XCVI.
Three Rare and Well approved Medicines, which will cure any manner
of Strain or Swelling whatfeever, be it hard or [oft, by what Accident fieverit (hall com. IF, ^ Str.ain be newly taken, you fhall then take Vinegar of the
a Hi 3 *>int'and of fweet Eutter better tnan a quarter of a p JUnd, ^
ana melt them over the fire j then with fine Wheat Bran, make it is M "S Up°n fhe fire" and lay ic ashot to the ftrain as the horfe
wo < '•? em!are ic wi^out fcalding, and do thus morning and even, »ng until the ftrain be eflwaged. But if the ftrain be of no longer conti- nuance, then take Mallows, and Ghickweed, and boyl them either Mm in
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2<?4 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. i.
in the grounds of Ale or of ftrong Urine, and lay them very hot to
theftrain. Laftly, if yourftrain, by length of time, or evil Medi- cines, be grown, in mens imaginations, pall: cure, the finews and fwelling being bony, hard, and knotted; then you (hall take Peece greafe which is made of Shoo makers threads, and melting it on the fire, .anoint and bathe theftrain therewith very hot, not only chafing it exceedingly with your hand, but alfo holdinga hot bar of Irona- gainft it to make the Ointment fink in j then take a fine Linnen row- ler, androwl up the Leg gently \ do thus once a day, and it will take away, the greateft and moft defperate [train that may be. CHAP. XCVIL
Another certain approved Cure for any Strain whatfocver.
TAke Boars-greafe, Bole-armony, Black Soap and NerveOyl, of
each a like quantity, boyl them well together, and then apply k hot to the grief, rubbing and chafing it in exceedingly, and alfo heating it in .very, well, either with a hot brick-bat, a hot fire-fhovelj or a hot. bar of Iron. And thus do once a day till the. Pain depart. G H A P. XCVIII.
153* Of Enterfearing.
ENrerfearing is either when a horfe through a natural ftraitnefs in*
his pace, or through evil and too broad mooing, goeth fo nar- row behind with his hinder feet, that he heweth the one againft the other upon the in fide of his Legs, even with the Paftorn Joynt} and by means of his hewing, there groweth hard mattery ftabs,which are fofore;, that they many times make the horfe to hale much. The figns are the ftraitnefs of his going, and the apparentnefs of the fcabs. Now the Cure confifteth as much in prevention, as in falve. For the prevention, which is, to keep a horfe from hewing one Leg upon another, it confiftethonlyin theOfficeof theSmith, andthemaking of his hinder fhooes, whereby he may go wider, arid not touch .• Of which we fhall fprak more at large when we treat of paring and Ifeooing of each feveral foot. For the falve, which is to cure the h»rt being oace received, it is thus:■■ You.(hail take of May-butter |
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■~' 2- Of Cures Chjrurgical. 2o$
ilL y fUoan &et k) or dfe 'relh Sreafe» or fre,h baww< with a quan-
tity ot Rozen, and as rcuch Nerve Oyl j then fry them all together If J?? rn1then leC k ftand tm !t be cold> anJ P^ it in a pot, and
put to it almlc Cow-dung ; and then Plaifter-wife apply this.unto iae lore, renewing it once a day, and it will not only heal this fore, out alfo any prick by a nailwhatfoever. . * CHAP. XCIX.
Of the Shackle-gall, or Gall in the Taftern, either by Shackle
or Lock.
TF a Horfe be galled in the Paflorn, on the Heel, orupontheCro-
»■ net, either with (hackle or lock, as it many times happens in the
^mpaign Countries, where the Farmers ufe much to teather their
anH k ;, , n for fuch a fore y°u lhaU take Honey and Vcrdigreafe,
Sr l m t0Sether till the one half beconfumed, and that it Dlaro1?^ then after it is a little cooled, you (hall anoint the fore flortc , frcmth twice a day, and then (trow upon it a little chopt i2„7 on the Talve. This isexceiient for any gall whatfoever, dm cmefly for the Scratches. C H A P. C.
Of Hurts in the Legs, which come by Cafting in the Halter.
"J*He hurts which a horfe getteth by being caft in the halter, are
of th^n' andProceed froai divers Accidents, as when the reins eeti I, u ar,e fo lon& and wiU no£ run t0 and fro, that the horfe with ftLT °th his fore'leSs or hind-legs over them, and then hnrd ? • S*, ^oundeth and galleth them much; or elfe when a it■ fo» Acing a defire t0 fcratch his ear wkh his hinder foot, rubbing reH. 1tVB theend fafteneth his foot either in the collar, or the and LnnH lu " the more he ftriveth to ,oofen ic> the more he galleth •
woundeth it, even fometimes to the very bone. Now for the Ovl o?CC g C°the °pinion of theold Farrie", it is thus, Take of
toLfhi °ne ?Unfe' cf TurPentine two or three ounces, melt tfeena iff? rhP^°uer ,? fire^ 3nd then Put thereupto a little wax,atid work- ing them all well together, lay it plaifter-wife unto the fcre}renew- ^^^^^^^^^^^^ -M m 2 ing
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z66 Of Cures Cbyrurgkal. Lib. $,
■
ing it once a'day until it be whole. ' Now there be other Farriers
which only anoint the fore with the Whites of Eggs and Sallet-oyl mixed together y and then when the forecometh to afcab, anoint it with Butter, teing moltea until it look brown. Now for mine own part, the Cure which I principally ufe for
this Sorance,is,totakeofWax,of rurpentine,andof Hogs greafe, of each one ounce, and having mingled and molten them well together, put them into a pot •, then take an ounce of Verdigreafe beaten ta powder, and an ounce of Hogs-greafe, and mix them very well toge- ther, and put that into another pot j then when you drefe the fore,, take of the firftfalve two parts, and of the latter a third part, and; mix therp well together in the palm of your hand, anoint all the fore place therewith, doing thus once a day until it be whole. • C H A P. Ci.
Of: the Scratches, Crep/tnches, or 'JR^tts-taiii.
THE Scratches, Crepanches, or Rats-tayls, beingalfbutoneSo-
ranee, are long, fcabby and dry chaps or rifts, growing right up and down, and overthwart on the hind Legs, juft from the Fet- lock unto the end of the Curb j and as the pains are under the Fet- lock, fo the fcratches are above the Fetlock, and do proceed either from dry melancholy humours ingendred by outward filth,or elfe by fuming of the horfes dung, lying either near or under him;; The figns are both the apparent fight and the eafie feeling of the fame, be- fide the (tarting,divicling,and curling of the hair •, as alfo that theSo- rance will ftink much. The cure is, according to the opinion of the old Farriers, totakeanyof thole former Medicines whatsoever, which are already recited, either for the Pains or Mules : yet for your more particular underftanding you fhall know, thefe Medi- cines are molt proper for this Sorance. Firlt, you fhall (have away the hair, and make the fore raw -y then take of Turpentine half a pound, of Honey half a pint, of Hogs greafe half a quartern, and three yolks of Eggs, and of Bole-armony a quartern beaten into pow- der, of Bean flower half a pint; mix all thefe well together, and make a falve thereof, and then with your finger anoint all the fore place therewith, and let thehorfecome in no wet during the cure- K-f Other Farriers ufe (and fure it is the better practice) firlt after they
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chymrgicai. 267
they have fhaved away the hair, and laid the fore raw, to wafh it
well with old Urine veVy warm, then take black Soap, Muftard, and Vinegar, of each a like quantity, and mix therewith fome of an Ox gall j then ftir them well together, and chafe and rub the place therewith, and bind thereto a cloth, fo life it once aday till it be whole j then after anoint ic with Neats-foot-Oyl to fupple the finews again. Others ufe to take the fiaeft hay, and burn it to alhes upon a fair board j then mix it with Ncats-foot Oyl and make a Sal'e thereof; then rub the Sores until they Bleed * and then anoint them with the faid Salve, and rope his Legs, and keep them from wet. Others ufe after they have wafhied the fore with old .Stale,then to take a quantity of ftrong Muftard, Vinegar, Grayfoap, Barrows greafe, and 'fome Quick-lilver ; mix them together, and there- with anoint the fore. Other Farriers take a quantity of unflacked Lime, half fo much 43$
■ black Soap, andfo much of ftrong Vinegar as Ihall fuffice to mike it like an Oyntment; then the hair being cut away, and the fore wa(h- ed with Urine, lay to this Oyntment, renewing it not the fpace of two days, and it will kill the Sorance ; then wa(h the place once or twice with warm wine j then after heal it. with Turpentine and Hogs greafe molten together; and in no wife let the Horfe come in any wet. Others ufe after they have waflied the fore place with Urine, and dipt away the hair, and made the wound raw, to take Butter and Tar, of each alike, and boy ling them together, anoint all the fore place therewith every day till it be whole. Others take of. Honey and; Verdigreafe of each alike, and boyl
them together until half be confumed, and then anoint theTore ^ therewith once a day until it be whole. Others of our later Farriers ufe either so fbave off the hair, or fcald it off* with Orpiment and unflacked Lime bpyled in ftrong Lye;. then wafh it with warm Vine- gar or White-wine,then When it is dry anoint it with this Ointment. Take of Orpiment one ounce, of Verdigreafe three ounces, of
Soot five ounces, • a little unflackt Lime, and of Hoaey one pound j mingle them all well together upon a foftFire,and being made like an oyntment, ufe it as aforefaid once a day to the fore j or elfe take Honey, Soap, Verdigreafe, unflackt Lime and Vinegar, and boyl them with Allom, Galls, and Mail, till it come to a PJaifter, and then apply it unto the fore ; or elfe boil Sallet-oyl,witha little fuet, and foap, then skim it and take it from the'fire ; then add an ounce |
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Of Cures Chyr urgicaL
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Lib.
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268
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.of Quick- filver diflolved, two ounces of Verdigreafe, three ounces of
uaflackt Lime, and one ounce of white Wax ; when all thefe are well mixt together, and made into a falve, then apply it once a day unto the fore, until it be whole. Other Farriers ufe, after they have fhaved the place, to boyl Vine-
gar and the skin of Lard or Bacon together ; and apply that to the fore three days together -? then take Lard,molten Lithargy,Maftick^ Verdigreafe and Soot mingled together with Goats Mil-k, and lay it too, renewing it once a day until the fore be healed. The fcra- ping of a pans bottom, mixt with the inner pills of Elder, are alfo good for the fcratches \ or new; roan's dung applyed for five days, and after anoint the fore with oil and foap mixt together. Others take of uriflacktLime, the powder of Glafs, and of Verdigreafe, of each an ounce j of Orpiment an ounce j of oyl and of frelh greafe, of each four ounces 4 mix all thefe well together, and applyittothe fore until it be whole : If you take black Snails and Bur-roots and beat them together, it will alfo help this Soran.ce. Other Farriers take an ounce of Soap,two ounces of unflackt Lime,and as much Lye, or ftrong Vinegar as will temper it, and fo drefs the fore until it be whole. Others take Fenugreek and beat it, three Oranges cut in pieces, half a pound of Sheeps Suet, new Sharps Dung 5 boyl all thefe in the ground of good Ale, and then bath the horfe there- with as hot as may be : then rope him up with hay ropes, andfolet him frand three days, then bath him 10 again. *g* Others take Hogs-greafe, Soap, Brimftone, Soot and Honey, boyl them and lay thfm to cool, you may alfo add Verdigreafe ; but be- foEe you lay on this oyntment, fcrape the fcabs off, and make them bleed, and rub them with Soap, Muftard, and Vinegar mixt toge- ther. C R A P. CII.
A moft certain and approzed Cttre for the Scratches.
AFter you have cut away the hair, rub off the fcabs, and wain
the fore with old Urine, -Miom and Salt mixt together, and applyed as hot as the" horfe can fuffer it; then take the tops and tender buds of Elder, and thegreen brier Berries, and boyl them in a pottle of' new wort j and put thereto good ftore of AlIorn,and with |
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Lib. 2 0/ Cures Chyrurgical. 2(59
this hot, waft the horfes Leg once, twice, or thrice a day ; and it
is a certain Cure. CHAP. CHI.
Of the Rjtig bone. ^He Ring-bone is a Sorance, which appeareth above, upon the
tim oneC ot~ the foot> DeinS a certain hard griftle growing fome- wmcs round about the fame. It proceeded, as fome Farriers hold opinion, either from fome blow of any Horfe, or by ftriking the *°rtes foot againft fome ftub or (tone, or fucfa like accident: But ureiy 1 hold, That alfo it proccedeth from fome imperfection in na-
onl .asmuchas l have feen many Foals foaled with Ring-bones n their fret; Thefe Ring-bones do breed a vifcous andllimy hu-
mour, which referring to the bones that are of their own nature cold of t- ryV waxeth hard> and cleaveth to fome bone, andfoin procefs mr r u 0meth a bone' The fi€ns of this France are, the ap-
J7 ^ .of the Sorance, being higher than any part of the corn- Thr g °f thehair» and the halting of the horfe.
abo u re' accordinSt0 ancient Farriers,is, firft to fcarifie the skin oove the Ring-bone with a Lancet; then take a great Onion and the* £hecorei then Put ifltoit Verdigreafe and unflackt Lime, rnorrar°Ver^re holc' and roaft tne Onion foft> then bruife it in a tnwJh /° Very hot lay "t0 the Ring-b<>ne j do thus four days wSw?"' c 1£ wilJ cure lt' °thersof tbe oId Farriers ufe firft to
{<•£?(££ ,°la"ce w"h w^m water, and lhave away the hair .• then fm-rh " Jl&htly w"h the point of a Razor, fo as tbe blood may ifiue as har'n tC /Cfs^ withCantharidesand Euforbium, in fuch fort theW™ ^Shtforthefplent, ufing him, and curing him after draw X r"ner J, but When the to* heginneth to grow again, then the p'ft'i?6 Place rth a hot d«wing-iron in ftrait lines, from raitorn down to the coffin of the hoof, < in thismanner: and let tne edge of tbe drawing Iron be as thick as the back of a meat knife, and burn fiim no deeper than that the skin __ gjyjook yellow: that done, cover the burning with'** «tch aod Rozen molten together, and clap thereon flocks lav again fome nf^i Is °Wn- co,lour> and about three days after,
j again iome of thelaftmentwn'd Plaifter, and alfo new flocks up- |
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OCT
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Of Cures Cbyrurgical.
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Lib.
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2.7°
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2.
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oa the old, and there let them remain till they fall away of them-
felves. Others ufe to fhave off the hair, and to fcarifie the fore with a Lancet till it bleed t then ftrow upon it the powder of Tartar, and Salt, of each alike, .mixt together, and bind it (trait j then after anoint it with frelh greafe, or elfe foften the Ring-bone with the skin of old Bacon, the fat being fcraped off", that you may fte through the skin, and laid to after it is ibaven and,made bleed ; after launce it, and let out the Ring-bone. Others ufe to launce the skin wish a Razor, tr en opening the skin with a Cronet, prick the Ring-bone. Laftly, ftrow upon it the powder of Vitriol, and bind it on fo as it may not ftir in ninedaysj then thruft out the matter which is dif- folved. Laftly, VVafh it with Salt, Urine and Vinegar, mixt together. Other Farriers do ufe after they have fhavedit, to lay unto it a Plaifter made of Bran and Honey, with the young leaves of Wormwood, Pellitory, and Brank-Urine mingled withSwines greafe, beaten together, andboyled, and ufedashot as the horfe- can fuller it., This Medicine will not only cure the Ring-bone, but any other fwelling whatfoever. Alfo a Plaifter of the Leaves of Smallage being beaten to pieces, is not only good for this Sorance, but for any Wind gall alfo. To waft a Ring-bone continually with ftrong Vinegar will ab3teit: or elfe to fliave away the hair, and take half a Lemmon, and fprinkie Arfnick thereon, and lay it to the Ring-bone, and it-will eat it away ; if twice or thrice a day you bind a hard Egg burning hot unto the Ring-bone, it will take it a- way. Laftly, if you take Euforbium, and mingle it with Oyl of Ju- niper, Salt and Pepper, and fo apply it to the Ring-bone, it will in a very Ihort fpace corflume the Ring-bone quite away ; always pro- vided that you keep the horfe from any Wet during his Cure. C H AP. CIV.
Of Hurts oft the Cronet, by doffing one Fvot upon another, IF your horfe by crofting one foot upon another,' chance to wound
or hurt the Cronet of his hoof, you ftiall then, according to the opinion of the old Farriers, firftwaih it well with White-wine, or with warm Urine, and then lay unto it the white of an Egg mixt ' with Chimney foot and fait» and that, if it be renewed once a day, will in two" or three-days dry up the fore. Other Farriers ufe firft to
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgicai. . ' 271
to pare or cut away the Hoof, that it touch not the hurt, and keep it
clean from filth by wafting it with Urine: then feethe two Eggs hard, and take off the Shells, then prefs them with your hand long, and nrlt roatt one hot and tye it hard too; when that is cold, ufethe other ; after make a Plaifter of Soot, Salt and Oyt boiled together, and lay it to the Sore, renewing it once a day until it be whole. CHAP. CV.
A mofl certain and proved Cure for any hnrt upn tht Cronet
wbttfoever. TAke of Soap and Salt, of each alike quantity, and mix them to-
gether like a Pafte, then having cut out the over-reach or hurt, and laid it plain, Firft wafh it with Urine and Salt, 01 Beer and Salt, and with a Cloth dry it; then bind on the mixt Soap and Salt, not re- newing it in twenty four hours, and thus do (if the Wound be great) for three or four days together :Then,having drawn out all the venom (as this Salve will quickly do; take a fpoonful or two of Tram-oyl, and as much Cerufc, which we call White-lead, and mix it together to a thick Salve, then fpread that upon the Sore, morning and evening till it be whole, which will be effected fuddenly : for nothing doth dry up fooner, nor is more kindly and natural for the breeding at a new Hoof. |
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CHAP. CVI
Of the Crown-fcah.
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T
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HE Crown-fcab is a ftinking and filthy Scab, breeding round
about the corners of *the Hoof, and is a cankerous and painful |
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Sorance, it cometh oft-times by means that the Horfe hath been bred
in a fenny raarfh Ground, where the cold ftriking corrupt Humours up to his Feet, ingendreth this Sorance, which is ever more painful in the Winter than in the Summer. The figns are, The hairs of the Cronet will be very thin and ftaring like Bridles, and the Cronets will be always mattering and run on Water. Now the Cure, accor- ding t® theOpinionof many Farriers, is, To take the Skin of Bacon, and lay thereon Soot and Salt beaten together, mingled with Greafe N n or
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27 a ' Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
or Suet, Wax, and Pitch molten together ; and if the Flefli chance
to grow proud, eat it away either with Verdigreafe beaten to Pow- der, or with the fcrap'rags of a Harts horn, or an Ox-horn made into fine Powder. \ £3» Other Farriers ufe to take of Soap, and of Hog? greafe, of each
half a pound, of Bolerarmonick a little, of Turpentine a Quartern •, mix them well together, and make a Plaifter, and bind it faft on, re- newing it every day until it leave running; and then wa(h it with ftrong Vinegar being luke-warm, every day once, until the Sore be \ clean dried up, and let the Horfe come in no wet until the Sorance V^4)e whole. Others ufe only to bathe it continually with old Stale fod with Salt, and that will dry up the Humourand heal it. CHAP. CVIl.
Of the Quitter-bone. THE Quitter-bone is a hard round fwelling upon the Cronet of
the Hoof betwixtthe Heel and the quarter, and groweth moft commonly on the infide of the Foot, it breeds molt commonly by means of Gravel gathered underneath the Shooe, which fretteth in- ward, and forceth an Ulcer to break upward j or elfe it cometh, by the cloying or pricking of fome Nail driven by an Ignorant Smith, the anguifh whereof loofeneth the Griftle, and (b breedeth evil humours whereof the Quitter-bone fpringeth: the figns are, The Horfe will halt much, and the fwelling is apparent to the Eye, which in fouri>r five days cometh to a head, and will break out with matter at a little deep hole like a Fiftula ; and furely than this Quitter-bone there is no outward Sorance whatfoever more dan« gerous to a Horfe. The Cure thereof, according to the Opinion of ibmeof the Ancient Farriers, is, Firftto cut the Hoof to the quick, then feethe a Snake or an Adder till the Flefh part from the Bone, and be molten as an Unguent 5 then anoint the fore place therewith very warm even to the bottom, and during the Cure, keep the Fo^t clean from any filth: for this both drieth and killeth the Quitter- JCr" bone. Others of the Old Farriers, firfb burn about the Quitter-bone with a hot Iron in manner of a half Circle, and then with the fame Irondraw another right through the midft thereof in this /-r-^ fort: then take of Arfnick the quantity of a Bean bea- f [ | ten into fine Powder, and put it into the Hole, thrufting it down to the bottom with a Quill, and flop the mouth of the hole
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Of Cures Chymrgical.
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273
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hole with a little Tow, and bind it fo fall with a Cloth and a Rowler,
e lhe ^°tk may not come at lt with his Mout!l> and fo let it reft
tor that day j and the next day if you fee that the Sore looketh black T k' • it; is a fi»n that tbe Arfnick di(1 work wel1 i then t0 allay
ttje burning of it, tent the hole with tlax dipt in Hogs-greafe, and 1 urpentinemolten together, cover the tent with a Plaifter of Pitch, Kozen, Wax and Turpentine molten together, but thei^muft be as much Turpentine as of all the reft: and thus you rauft continue to do until you have gotten out the Core, which the Arfnick did eat s then you fhall fee whether the loofe Griftlein the bottom be unco- vered or not: and if it be not uncovered, then feel with your Finger, or with a QuUl whether you be nigh it or not; andifyeube, then raHetheGriftle with a little crooked Infrrument, and pu!l it clean out w^h a pair of lraall Nippers, or Mullets made for the purpofe: that done, thruft it again with a full tent, dipt in the aforefaid Ointment toaffwagetheanguifliof the laft dreffing, and flop it hard, to the mtent'that the hole may not ihrink together or clofe up: and the next day take out the tent, and tent it anew with Honey and Ver- "igr-eafe boiled together till they look red, renewing it every day once until it be whole, keeping always the mouth of the Sore as open as you may, to the intent that it heal not up too fall, and let not the Horfe come to any wet, nor travel until he be perfectly whole. Other Farriers ule to cut the Hoof open to the quick; then sake Galbanuai, Sagapenum, Pitch of Greece, Olibanum, Maflick, uyl and White-wax, of each one ounce, with half a pound of bneeps-fuet, melt them upon a foft fire, and incorporate tfiem well together, and therewith drefs the fore place until it be whole. Others nle after the Sore is opened, to put in Salt of Tartar, and when it nath eaten away the Quitter-bone, to heal it up with Honey and verdigreafe boiled as aforefaid. Others, take of Goats dung two ounces, of Sheeps-tallow three ounces, and as much ftrong Vinegar ■as will fuffiee to boil them well in, and then therewith to drefs the quitter-bone until it be clean whole. C H A P. CVII1.
Of Gravelling a Horfe.
*RavelIingis a certain fretting of Gravel, Sand, or Dirt, under
the Foot, betwixt the fole and.fhooe, fometimes on the in- N n 2 fide
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274 Of Cures Chyrurgicai. Lib. i.
fide, fometimes on the cue-fide of the Foot, and fometimes on both
fides of the Heel. It cometh, as I faid, by means of*little gravel- ftones getting between tbe Hoof, or calking or fponge of the Shooe, which by continual labour and travel of the Horfe, doth €at through the Heo4 into the quick of the Foot j and the rather, iftheHorfe's Heels be fofc and weak, prxhat the bhoce do lie flat to his Foot, fo as the Gravel being gotten in it, cannot get out again. The figti^ whereof are thefe, The Horfe will hslt much, and covet
to go mc a on his Tee to favour his Heel, and the fofter the way is,the mere is th^Horfe's eafe. Now for the Cure, according to the Old Far- riers, it is tfikj Firft psre theHocf til! you may fee theSore,chen take an cunce of Virgins wax and a quarter of an ounce of Rozen, . and a quarter of Deers fuet, and half an ounce of Boars-gi eafe, and beat them ail well together in a Mortar, and then melt them together on the Fire-, that done, dip good ftore of Flax therein, andfo flop up the Sore clofe and hard, and then you msy travel the Horfe whi- ther you pleafe: and do thus once a day until the Foot be found. Others of the Old Farriers ufe, Firft to pare the Hoof, and to get out the Gravel with a drawing Knife, leaving none behind ; then, flop the Sore place with Turpentine and Hogs greafe. molten together, and laid on with a little Tow or Flax, and then clap on the Shooe, to keep in the flopping, renewing it every day once until it be whole, and fufFer the Horfe to come in no wet until it be healed. Now you mult underftand, Tftat if a Gravelling be not well ftopt to keep down the Fie(h,it will rife higher than the Hoof, and fo put the Far- riers to much more pains both in bolftring it, and abating that ill- grown fubftance. Others ufe only to pare the Foot, and pick out all the Gravel clean,
then walh it well with Beer and Salt; then melt into it Tallow, Ro- Zen, and Pitch : then covering it hard and clofe with Flax, feton the Shooe again, and do thus once aday.Others ufe,afcer they have clean- fed the Sore, to lay hards into it, being dipt in the whites of Eggs:- then after heal it with Salt beaten fmall and mixt with ftrong Vine- gar, or elfe with the Powder of Galls, Salt, and Tartar mixt toge- ther, which alfo is good for any Cloying or Pricking. |
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CHAP.
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Lib. z. Of Cures Ghyrurgical. 275
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C HAP. CIX.
0/ Surbating. SUrbating is a continual beating of the Hoof againft the Ground,
and it cometh fometimes by means.of evil Shooing, lying too flat to his Foot, or by going long bare-foot; and fometimes by the hardnefs of the Ground, and the high lifting of the Horfes Fee^either in his trot or in his amble-, and the Horfes which are molt fubjecT: to thisSorance, are thofe which have either great round Feer, or fuchas are flat-footed, the Coffins whereof are weak and tender, and alfo thofe which have weak Heels. The figns of the grief are, The Horfe will halt much, and go creepingand (tiff, as if he were half foundred. The Cure, according to the Opinion of the Old Farriersjis,Toroaffc
acoupleof Eggs exceeding hard, and then in the very violence of their heat, to burft them in the Horfes Feet, and then pour hot boi- ling Sallet-oyl amoi gft them, and fo flop the Shooe up dofe with a piece of Leathf r, and two crofs Splents of Wood; and do thus thrice in one fortnight, and it will help him. Other of the Ancient Farriers take off theHorfe's Shooes, and pare
him as little as may be ; and if the Shooes be not eafle, that is to fay, long, large, and ho low enough, then make themfo, and tack them on again with four or five Nails; that done, ftop his Feet wich Bogs- greafe and Bran boiled together fo hot as may be, and alfo coverall the Coffin roundabout with the lame, binding all in together with a Cloth, and a Li ft faftened about the Joint, renewing it every day once until it be found; and give the Horfe during the Cure , warm Water to drink, and let him ftand dry, and not have much travel. Now if yonr Horfe furbait in you* Travel, if every Night you «£8<
ftop his Feet well with Cows-dung, or with Cows-dung and Vi- negar, it will make him endure out his journey : or. Cows-dung and new laid Eggs beaten together. |
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CHAP.
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zj6 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
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CHAP. CX.
Of the Prickle in the Sole of the Foot, either by treading on a 2^»7, or
any other jharp thing.
IF a Horfe in hisTravel chance to tread either on a Stub,Nail,Thorn,
or any other (harp thing whatfoever, by means whereof he is prickt in the fole of the Foot, the Rider (hall perceive the fame by the fudden faukring of the Horfe, who will inftantly ftand ftill and lift up his Foot,as deflring help: And if it chance at any other time, then the halting of the Horfe, and the diligent fearching of a careful Farrier muft find out the mifchief. Now the Cure, according to the Opinion of the Ancient Farriers,
is, Fit ft to pull off the Shooe, and pare the Foot, and with a drawing Knife uncover the whole, making the mo&th fo broad as a two pence : then tack on the Shooe again-, that done, dolt it by pouring into the hole Turpentine and Hogs-greafe molten together, and lay fome Flax or Tow upon it j and then flop all the Horfes Feet with Cows dung, and fo covering it with a piece of Leather, fplintit with two crofs Sticks, fo as the (topping may abide in, renewing it every day once until it be whole, and let the Horfe tread in no wet. Now you mull be very careful in the curing of this Sorance •■, for if
it be not healed from the bottom, befides, that it is dangerous to the life of the Horfe, it is alfo a great hazard that the Sore will break out at the top of the Hoof, and fo loofen the Hoof round about, and perhaps make it to fall clean away ;' but if yiiu fee that it begin to break out above, then make a greater iflue beneath, by opening the hole wider, and taking more of the fole away, that the Flefh may have the more Liberty j then take of Bole-armonick half a quartern, and of Bean-fio^er as much, and two Eggs : beat them, and mingle them welltogether, and make a Plaifter thereof upon Tow, and lay ft round about the Crone t, bind it fall orr, and fo let it remain the fpace of two days, and then renew it again, not failing to do fo every two days until you fee it wax hard and firm above; for this Plaifter being relrric~tive, will force the humours to refort always downward; which humours muft be drawn out with Turpentine and Hogs-greafe asberore, until it leave Mattering, and then dry it up with burnt Allom beacen into Powder, and ftrowed upon the Sore, with a little |
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T-M I—'----------------------I——'-----------1
Of Cures Chyrurgical. 277
it £ !fld/S^in Upon that» cont'raing fo to do everyday once until
whole ' 3nd let n0t the Horfe come in any weC uatil ic be ^Othcr Farriers ufe to tent the Sore with Tallow, Tar, and Tur- «&
of rhu r§ .molten together, and anoint all the Coffin and Crontt tneHoof with Bole-armonick and Vinegar beaten together,till the =we be whole, efpecially if the thing which did prick the Horfe was venomous or rufty & . r |
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CHAP. CXI.
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To draw em either Stub, Tho-rn, or Iron, either out of the Foot, or any
other part of the Body, I FwLther 'h! Stub' the Thorn' the Iron' or any thing whatfoever,
jLwtierewith your Horfe is wounded, be gotten fo deep into the tfCtu S?a-C you cannot §et hold uP°n «t0 Pul1 ic out; then according
Seen P'n,°n °f the OId Farriersi (if Y0" Gnd that albeit it be too Rl*& JCt ltlS n?c much t0° dceP) y°u (haI1 take a good quantity of ciacK-ioap, and lay it to the Sore for a whole night, and it will buff' P aPPear' fo as y°u maY Pall it out with a Pair of Nippers:
and thUile Very deep' then y°u may °Pen tne Place with a Launcet, after» Vnguln your Mullets or Nippers, pull it out by ftrength, and Chapter "P th£ Wound as ^as before tauSht ia th? lafl
wiSCH r Farriers % T.hat the roots ©f Reeds being ftampt and mixt
fnaiic u ey' Wl11 draw out afiy Stub or Nail» fo wil1 aIfo Black- r,hrlX i> ^amPt and wrought with frefh Butter. Now it the mtZ %m^ f"Voln' £hen k is §ood to moll'ifieit with a Plaifter HonL v .°J"m;wood, Parietary, Bears-foot. Hogs-greafe, and oney well boded and mixed together, which will aflwage any have *■I g t,lac,co«n.eih by Stripe, or otherwife. Now when vou to th?«?noHtJf.that whidl :'0J ioughtfor, then you (hall pour'in- to it a, k T£6 fcaldmg 0yJ of °live ' when that is cold, pour in- Sulnh,! JurPentme ; when that is cold, ftrow on the Powder of it from^ii then boIfter his Foot or the Sore with hurds, and keep nir°wallwet and filthinefs, |
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chap;
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278 ___________Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
G H A P. CXI1.
Of the Fig.
TF a Horfe having receiv'd any hurt, as is before faid, either by
ftub, great nail, thorn, bone, fplent or Hone, either in the fole or any other part of the Foot, and be not well drefled, and perfe&Iy Cured, there will grow in the place a certain fuperfluous piece of Flefli like unto a Fig, full of little white Grains,as you fee are in a Fig. The Cure whereof,according to the Opinion of the Ancient Farriers is, Firft with a hot Iron to cut the Fig clean away, and keep the Flelb down with Turpentine, Hogs-greafe, and a little Wax molten to- gether, and laid on with a little Tow, flopping the hole hard that the Flefli rife rot, renewing it once a day until the Sore be whole 3 _ Now other of our latter Farriers ufe after they have, as before is faid, cut away the Fig, then to take the crops of young Nettles and chopping them very fmall, lay them upon a Cloth juft as big as a Fig ; then take the Powder of Verdigreafe, and ftrow it thin upon the chopt Nettles, and fo bind it to the Sore, renewing it once a day until the Hoof have covered the Sore: and this is a molt certain Cure. CHAP. CXIII.
Of a %etrait.
ARetrait is, when a Horfe by the ill government of the Smith
is pricked in the Foot with fome ill driven Nail, yet in fuch fort, that it is immediately eipied, and the Nail drawn back again ' and although it proceedcth ofteft from the negligence of the Smith! yet it may alfo come by reafon of the weaknefs of the Nail and the hollownefs of the Shank : for when the Nail is a little too weak the point many times bendedi awry into the quick, whenitftou'dgo right forth ; and when it is hollow, it fhivereth in the driving into two parts, whereof one part razeth the q.uick in pulling out, orelfe perhaps breaketh afunder, and fo remaineth ftill behind. And this kind of pricking is the worft of all other, becaufe it will rankle- worft, inasmuch as the flaw cankereth, and remaineth ftill in the foot. Fhefigns hereof are, Firft the apparent fhrinking andftrug- liflg
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i-lb. 2. Of Cures Cbyrurgica/. 279
ling of the horfe, fofoon as the quick is touched j and next, his much
halting: Laftly, you fball fearch his foot with a Hammer, by knocking on the clench of every nail: for when you knock upon that nail where the grief is, the horfe will (hrink up his Foot j and if that will not ferve, then grope the foot with a pair of pinfons round about, until you have found the place grieved. Now the Cure, ac- cording to the opinion of the ancient Farriers,is,Firft to pull off the fhooe, and then open the place grieved, either with a Butterifs, or with a drawing- knife, fo that you may perceive either by feeling or feeing,whether there be any piece of nail, of not; if there be, then pull it clean out: After take of Nettles half a handful, and bruife them in a Mortar, and put thereto a fpoonful of red Vinegar, and a fpoonful of black Soap, and two ounces of Boars greafe, or the fatof fait Bacon,and bray all thefe well together, and flop well the hole of the fore with this, and then tack on the fhooe again, and you may fafely adventure to travail him. Other Farriers ufe, after they have opened the fore, to ftop the hole with Turpentine, Wax, and Sheeps Suet molten together, aHd fo poured hot into the hole V and then lay a little tow upon it, and clap on the fhooe again, renewing iE thus once every day until it be whole; during which time, the Horfe muft not come in any wet, and it muft beftopped in this fort, though it be but a prick, without any piece of nail remaining ; and if for lack of looking to in time, this Retrait caufesthe horfe to break out, then you (hall cure it either with a reitrictive Plaifter of °*e"armony, Bean-flower and Eggs, mentioned in the 78th. Chapter, or elfe with chopped Nettles and Verdigreafefpokenof intnelaft Chapter. Now there be many Farriers, which not only for this Retrait, but
\v any,P"ck on tne horfes foot, ufe after they have laid open the Wound, to take of Turpentine one ounce, of Tar one ounce, of Pitch one ounce, of Beef-fuet one ounce, and one head of Garlick, boyl them all together, and lay them to it fo hot as may be fuffered .• and m ^f131^t0 break out above the hoof, then apply alfo the fame Meaicme unto it, and it will cure it. |
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CHAP.
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280 Of Cures Cbyrurgical. Lib. 2.
' ' '
CHAP. CXIV.
Of Cloying. A Horfe is laid to be cloyed with a Nail, or pricked with a Nafli,
when the whole Nail is ftricken into the quick of the foot, < and fo remaineth ftill in the fame, and is clenched as other Nails be, by means whereof the horfe halteth extremely. Now this grief il known by fearching the grieved place with a hammer or pinfons, as is before faid. Now for the cure, according to the opinion of the old Farriers, it is thus-,. If the horfe halt immediately, thenpulloff *^ his lhoe, and open the hole until it begin to bleed, and then Hop the hole with Turpentine;, Wax, and Sheeps Suet molten together, and poured in very hot, renewing it once a day until it be whole , and let the horfe tread in no wet ; and Jet hislhooe be tacked on again as foon as he is dreft. Others ufe only to pour into the hole hot fcalding butter, and that will heal it; or elfe to burn the hole with another nail, and that will heal it. Other Farriers ufe after they have open'd well the fore, to take half a pound of Frankincenfe, a pound of Rozen, a pound of pitch of Greece, half a pound of black pitch, a pound of new Wax, a pound of Goatsgreafe, half a pound of Varnilh, half a pound of Turpentine, two ounces of Oyl Olive, and melt them all together, and lay this to the hoof plaifter-wifo and it will not only heal any prick whatfoever, but alfo any cracks, chinks, or clifts in the hoofs, howfoever they breed ; provided that you let the horfe tread in no wet during the cure : But if the fore chance to break out on the top of the hoof, then you fhall take two or three yolks of Eggs, Whites and all, beaten together, and add thereunto an ounce of Bole-Armony, and as much "Bean or Wheat- Sower as will thicken the fame: then make a plaifter thereof two fingers broad, and as long as will go round about on the top of the Horfes hoof; bind it fail on with a rowler, and renew it once a day until it be whole. Other Farriers ufe, after they have fearched andiaid open the
Wound, to put into it nurds dipt in the white of an Egg •, then ftop the hole with Salt beatenvery fmall,mingled with Vervine and ftrong Vinegar, and cover it with flax dipped in ftrong Vinegar * or elte holding ap the horfes foot,pourinto the wound hot fcalding Oyl O- iive5 and when that is cold, pour, in hot Turpentine, and that being cold
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l*ib. 2 Of Cures Chymrgical. 2 8 j
cold,ftrow upon it the powder of Sulphur, then lay on the bolffcef of
flocks, then fhooe him, and keep him from treading in any wet. Others ufe to take Tallow, the powder of Sulphur, Mallows, and
very ftrong Vinegar; boyl them together until they be thick like an Oyntment; then lay the fame to the fore as hot as the horfe can en- dure it, renewingitoncein twelve Hours till itbe whole. Others ufe to take of Honey and Vinegar, of each a like quantity, 431
a little Oyl, and fuet of a Hee-Goat, boyl them with a foft fire, and ftir it: when it waxerh red, add Verdig. eafe and Vitriol, of each a ||ke, made into powder, ftill ftirringit till it be thick and red ^ then ftopthe fore every day therewith until it be whole, after you have wafhed it well with Salt and Vinegar. Others take Pepper, Garlick, and Cabbage leaves beaten with Swines greafe, 2nd lay that to the fore 5 or ,elfe take Tallow and Horfe-dung, and mixing them well together, flop the fore therewith, and in fnort fpace it will cure it. Other Farriers ufe to take off the fhooe.and having open'd the fore, <&
towaJhit with Wine : thenlayupon it the inner rind of elder, and , through that melt in greafe with a hot Iron: then tack on the fhooe again, and do thus divers days together.and it is a certain cure. .CHAP. CXV.
General Obfer'vationsfor the Feet and Hoofs of a Horfe.
"pOrafmuchastheFeet.and Hoofs of a Horfe are the only inftru-
A ments of labour, and that a final! grief in that part deprives a man of the benefit and ufe of the red;. I think it not amifsbefore I iNT0f particular Difeafesof the Hoofs, 'to (hew you fomogene-
ral Notes and Qbfervations which you fhall obferve for the benefit ot the feet. Know then, that fitft it is meet that,vou let your ihooes before, be rather too flrcct than too long, with ftrong.SpungeSi but no cawkins, and your riaifsYo-have facial good Heads'. Let your fhooes behind have no cawkins on the out-fide \ but if he
enjf r"fere,letthe cawkin be on the in-fide. tq make him raft outward,
and let the in-fide of that fitre inward have a 'welt an inch deep, or be
twice as thick as the out-fide: but if all this hoip.not his. enter-fering,
then bring him'unto an Amble \ but if he' will not amble, burn him
^Ahot Ir0Ii b«w?en .the Legs,, that {hefprenefs thtmi may
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nra«e inm go'wide behind: whlrh
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,5ft
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O o % Let
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282 . ' Of Cures ChymrgicaL Lib. 2.
Lee your fhooes be made of Iron that will not break, of which
onr Englifh is the belt, the Spanifh next, and the Danskworft. Let them alfo be light, yet fo, as they may be able to beap-the burthen of the horfe,being broader at the toes, than at the caw kin or fpunges: Let your cawkins be fhort, and blunt at thepointSj and your fpun- ges long and thick. Let your lhooe be full as ftrait as the horn of the hoof,fo far as the
Nails go, and from the two heel nails backward, let the fhooe be broader than the hoof, that the (hooe may be without the horn. y%> Give unto every fli ooe nine nails, on each fide four, and one in the midft, and let the (hanks of the nails be very flat and thin* that if the hoof be naught, they may yet keep the (hooe firm with little hold : and the nearer that your nails are driven backward towards the heel, (fo it be without danger) the falter the fliooe will fit, and the harder to be pull'd away. Let your cawkins fit a ftraws breadth behind the corner of the cof-
fin, and let your nail head enter into the fhooe, efpecially on the out- fide, and by all means hollow your (hooe fo little as poflible you can. Pare very little or nothing at all fromthe heel of a horfe: yet open his heels as fufficiently as may be, becaufe ever the heel mult be thick and the toe thin. In fair ways pare the fole thin, but in Froft, orftony ways,
pare as little as may be. To conclude, when the hoof is. higher on the out-fide than on the
in^fide, it will make a horfe enter-fere; and when it is higher on the in-fide, it will make a horfe, Itraddle, fo that a fair.fmooth table is of all moft convenient. After' travel, ever flop the infide of the hoof §rf=> with Cows-dung, and rub the out-fide and the Cronet with the fward offai:bacon: For that will keep, a tough, Jiriooth, and a found hoof. As your Nails have ftrojig Jjsads, fo let th|cm have,, ehiii ihanks,'' for that will bett prevent hifrting, and keep the fhcoe clofe unto the hoof. |
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cfl a p;
Of loofnwg the' Hoofr And how to tnah$ the Hoofs grow:
AHb?feisfaid to be loofned where there is a diflolutianQr pat'
itine'of the horn or Coffin'of the hoof fromitce fiefb at the- ^^^^^^m iettmg
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Lib. 2. Of Cures ChyrurgicaL 283
fctting on of the Cronet. Now if this diflbiution or parting be
round about the Cronet, then it proceedeth by means ot iome foundring; but if it be but in part, then it proceedeth from iome anguifh,caufed either by the pricking of fome channel nail, or other nail piercing the fole, or quarters of the foot; or by fome Qnitter- bone, retrait, gravelling, or cloying, or fuch like accident The fignsof thedifeafebethefe; When it b loofened by foundrmg, - then it will break firft, and the diflbiution will appear on the fore- part of the Cronet, right againft the toe, becaufe the humour doth covet always to defcend towards the toe> but rf it proceed from pricking, gravelling, or fuch like, then the hoof will loofen round about equally, even at the firft •; but when it proceeds from fome Quitter-bone, or hurt from'theCronet, then the hoof wil break right about the place that is offended, and moft commonly will go-no Now the cure, according to the opinion of the ancient£««*»£?'
of whstcaufe foever the loofening proceed, firft to be fare to open the hoof in the fole of the Foot,fo as the humour may have tree pal- fage downward-, and then to bind about the top of it■ the reftrittwe plaifter fpoken of in the feventy eighth Chapter, and in the 117 n> Chapter, and in fuch fort as is there written j and then hea1 it.up* with Turpentine and Hogs greafe molten together. Others ot the ancient Farriers take three fpoonfuls of Tar,and a quarter of a pound of Ro*in, and a handful of Tanfie, and half a handful of Rue, and half a handful of Red Mint, and half a handful of Southern- wood, and bray all thefe together in a Mortar-, then add hair a pound of Eutter, and a penny-worth of Virgins- Wax;, then1 meic them all together over the fire, until it come to a thick muter or Salve : then fpread fome of it upon a cloth, and lay it to the lore, renewing it once a day for feven days, and it willheal it- Others ufe to take the brains of a Swine, or a.Pig, and toUopius-
hoof very well therewith three days together, renewing it twice or thrice a day, and it will grow faft, and endure as well, or rather bet- ter than ever it did. Other Farriers ufe to cut out the fole below, letting it bleed well •, after flop it wiri hurds dipt in the Whites ot Eggs -. tye this too for twenty four hours, then waft it wttfc ttrong Vinegar warm, after fill it with Tartar and Salt, of each a like quan- tity i let that remain two days •, then anoint it with the oyntoKJJJ made of Olibanum. Maftick, Pitch of Greta, of each a like, ana |
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2§4 Pf Cures Chyrurgicat. Lib. 1.
a little Sanguis Draconis, and of new Wax and Sheeps fuet as much
as of the firfr, and melt and boyl them very well together, and let this oyntment be applyvd once a day till the fore be whole. But if you perceive that any new hoof come, then cut away the old, left the hardnefs of the one hinder the tendernefs of the other •, and then anoint the new hoof with fuet, oyl, and wax, of each alike, boyled together,to make it grow j or elfe with the pitch of 6Vwe,Maftick, Olibanum, Sanguis Draconis, and Galbanum; of each alike, being molten with fuet \ for this will make the new Hoof to grow alfo. rv. So will alfo new Wax, Honey, Oyl, Swines greafe, andSheeps fuet, being boyled together; and when it is cold, add Maftick, Sanguis Draconis, and Frankincenfe, and incorporate them all toge- ther, for nothing fooner than this will make either new or old hoofs grow. Others ufe to take Shell-fnails, and ftamp them and lay them twice a day to the fore, and it will either fatten the old hoof, or quickly bring forth a ne w. Now there be other Farriers, which firft fill the fore with Turpentine, and after it hath lain twenty four hours, then waih the fore with Urine and Coperas-water, then fill it either with Verdigreafe, or withSheeps tallow, Pitch, and Rozen boyled together-, in which, having dipt hurds, lay it to the fore very hot twice a day till it be whole. CHAP. CXVII.
Of C a fling the Hoof.
THe catting of the hoof, is, when the whole coffin thereof falleth
clean away from the foot, -which cometh of all the former caiifes rehearfed in the laft Chapter, and is fo apparent to the eye, that it needeth none other figns: Now for the cure, it is thus; Take of Turpentine one pound, of Tar half a pint, of unwrought Wax half a pound, of Sheeps fuet half a pound, and of Salleroyl half a pint: boyl all thefe things together, and ftir them continually until' they be rhrougbly mixt together; then make a; boot of Leather, with' a.ftrong fole fit for thehorfes foot,to be laced fatt about the paftorrt; then drels his foot with the Salve aforefaid laid upon flax or tow, and holfter and flop his foot with foftflax, lb that the boot fflfay ftr grieve him no manner of ways, renewing it everyday once until the iew. hoof come; then as the hoof beginneth to harden, it it grow either thick, crumple, or out of order 5 with afine Rape-file keep |
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■Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgica/. 285
it fmooth, and plain, until the hoof be perfect, and then put him to
grafs, that there it may take a kindly hardning and toughnefs. C H A P. CXVIII.
Of the Hoof-bound. 'HP He Hcof-bound is nothing elfe but a Ihrinking in of the whole
f hoof in the upper part thereof, and at the heels, making the *kin to ftare above the hoof, and to grow over the fame. it pro- ceeded from keeping the horfes hoofs too dry in the ftable, or from ftrait fhooing , or from fome unnatural heat after foundring; and the figrs 0f thedifeafe are, that the Horfe will halt much, and his hoofs will be hot; and if you knock upon them with a Hammer , they will found hollow like an empty bottle jjj and if both his feet be not Hoof-bound, then the fore foot will be ever the lefler: and you ftall alfo underftand, that this difeafe of fome Farriers is called a dry founding. Now for the cure thereof, accprding to theopinion of the ancient Farriers, it is thus: Take a pound of the Sward of Bacon, and a quarter of a pound of white Sope, and a handful of Baltn, and a handful of Bay-leaves-, and • four or five branches of Rue, and ftamp them well together, and then fry them, and lay them about the cronet of the hoof very hot, fuffering it fo to abide the fpace of five or fix days, and then renew it; but in no cafe let him tread in any wetplace, and this will help him. Others of the ancient Farriers ufe, ftrft to pull off his (hooes, and
to fhooe him with Half-moon fhooes, called Lunets, orLunet, the fhape whereof you fhall fee in another place 5 then-raze both the quar- ters of the hoof with a drawing-knife, from the Cronet unto the fole of the foot, fb deep that you may fee the dew come forth: and if you make two Rafes on each fide, it fhall be fo much the better, and enlarge the hoof the more; that done, anoint all the hoof above, next to the Cionet round about, with the oyntment defcribed before in the laftChapter of calling the hoof, continuing fb to do every day once until he begin to amend ; and let him be ridden upon fome foft ground an hour or two every day once for the fpace of a month ; and if he go not well at the months end, then take off the half fhooes, and pare all the foles, frufhes, and all fo thin, that you may fee the dew tome forth,and tack on a whole fhooe,and flop all the foot with- . in with Hogs greafe and bran molten together, arid laid very hot ta |
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285 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
the foot, renewing it every day once the fpace of nine days, to the
intent the fole may rife \ but if this will do no good, then take away the fole clean, and clap on a whole fliooe, and ftop the foot with Nettles and Salt brayed together •, yet ftop it not too hard, to the intent the fole may have liberty to rife j and let this be renewed eve- ry day once till the fole be grown again : and let him be Ihod with Lunet,andfo fent to grafs. Other Farriers ufe only to raze the hoof from the Cronet to the vei ge of the hoof in four or five places, and rub it twice or thrice a day with Salt, and that will open the hoof. Others ufe only to open the horfe exceeding much at the heels once a Week, and to fhooe him with very wide openfhooes, and then for a month or two to draw him in fome Cart, that being forced to fee his foot hard 011 the ground, he may thereby ftretch forth and wi- den his hoof. Now to prevent this Sorance, it is good to anoint his hoofs with Neats-foot. Oyl, or Turpentine, and ftop them un- derneath with Cow dung. C H A P. CXIX.
Of the Running, or Rotten Frnjh.
THe Frufh, which of fome is called the Frog of the foot, is the
tendereft part of. the hoof toward the heel, and is fafliion'd like a forked Arrow head, being only that part of the foot which Farriers cut forth when they fay they cut forth the fole of thehorfes foot. Now this Frufh breedeth many, times a rottennefs or corrupti- on proceeding of humours, which come out of the Legs, by which the Leg is kept clean from Wind-galls, and all other humours or fwellings, by means that the humours have pafTage that way •• not- withftandingthe mifchief of this Sorance is greater than the benefit* becaufe it maketh the horfes foot fo weak and tender, that he is not able to tread upon any hard ground. The figns of the Sorance are, the horfe will bait much when he travelleth either upon loofe ftony ground, or upon ftiff dirty waysr and goeth ever beft upon green Swarthy but above all, he halteth moft when the paflage of the humour is flopped with any Gravel gathered into the Frufh, and not being ftayed or flopped, it will continually run, and ftink fo, ex- trcamly, that a Man can hardly endure the fee at. of it} befides in fome places it will look raw. Now
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•Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical. 287
, Now the Cure, according to the Opinion of the Ancient Farriers,
's thus; Firft, take off the Shooe, and pare away all the corrupt places, and make them raw, fo as you may fee the water iffue out of the raw places; then tack on the Shooe again, being firft made wide and large enough i that done, take of Soot one handful, of Salt as much, bruife tbem well together in a Difh, and put thereto the Whites of three Eggs, and temper them all together ; and with a little Tow ?1Dped therein, flop all the Foot, and efpecially theFrufh, and Splent itinfo, as it may riot fall out, renewing it once a Day theipaceof ?even Days, and certainly it willCure him. Now during the Cure,the J"*orfe muft reft,and come in no wet-, and at theSeven Days end leave popping him, and ride him abroad, and always when he cometh in, let his fore Foot be clean wafhed j for there is no greater Enemy unto the Sorance than gravel and dirt. Others of our latter Farriers only takeoff the Shooe, and pare him well, and keep the fore clean bdth »r°m dirt and his own dung, by warning it three or four times a Day with Urine, and that only will Cure him as well as any Medicine- CHAP. CXX.
■^» approved findcertain Cure for the running and rotten Fmfi>*
/i Fter the Foot is cleanfed, take a quart of old Urine,and boil it ^
j* *-# with a quarter of a pound of A Horn beaten to powder, and K*ep it m a clofe Veflel- by it felf; then take a good handfull or. two °* green Nettles ftrong and keen, and fpread them.on fome Plate °iother Veflel, and dry them either before the Fire, or in an Oven sr houfhold bread is drawn, then crufh and bruife them into a ve- TJ, hn<? powder, then look what q jantity of Powder there is, and th u *'ke <3uantity of Pepper beaten to as fine Powder, and mix Rem both very well together, then keep this Powder in a clofc ^a%-pot or Bladder. . ..'.»: |T0w» when you have occafion to ufe it, firft wafh the fore place
lv f a C Urine andA11°m made very warm,,and the fores through-
J icoured, after !di# tbem well by drawing through them a fine
tlf^D ^awn> Carnebrkk, or fine old Linnen, and ftrow or pounce
thf °wder DP°n them, fo much as may coyer all the Sores, and
us do °ver after Travel, as once a Day in the time of reft.
P p C HAP.
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288 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. a»
CHAP. CXXI.
Of the Evil-Hoofs.
HOrfes partly through a natural inclination, partly through the
theftoninefs of the Soilwherein they arebred,and partly through mifchance or ill-government, will have ill-favoured and naughty Hoofs, as either wrinkled or crumpled, or elfe moulded awrv,orfuch like; all which needs no fighs, becaufeof the apparent fign thereof: Then to amend them, the belt Cure is, with a fine Rape file to fmooth the wrinkles away, and to anoint theCronetof the Hoof with a fat fward of Bacon rubbed in Soot j then let the Horfe ftafid for at lealt a Fortnight upon his own dung, -whereon you (hall caft good ftore of Water, only remove away the dung every Night j and thenprefent- ly after the change of the Moon, Shooe the Horfe with ftrong Shooes, keeping the fo!e of the Foot by paring, fo hollow as you can pof- fible, and it will fliape his Hoof to your pieafure. . rC HA P. CXXII.
Of Brittle Hoofs.
TF a Horfe either through the heat of his own Nature^ or'in that he
I hath been either heated on his Foot by labour, or foundredj and evil Cured] fliali happen to have his Hoofs fo brittle and fhort, that they will hardly, bear a Shooe: The figns whereof are,theHoof will be whiteand crumbling: Then the belt Cure, according to the Opinion of the belt Fsrriers, is, To take Ox-dung and Vinegar, and mixing them very well together, warm them on the fire, and fo bind it both under -and *above round about the Horfes Foot, and then lace on his Boot of ftrong Leather, as is aforefaid in the Chapter of cafting^f theHodf.; Other Farfiejsufe to let the Horfe Hand upon his own dung, and'anoint all the;upper part of ibis Hoof with the Fat of Bacen fod and mixt with Turpentine; And thisTyou mull do every Day once till you fee his Hoofs come to feme toughnefs. Others ufe to take Turpentine, Hogs-greafe; and Honey, of eacb
alike; melt therri well together, and being warm, anoint all theHoof therewith: then dip Tow therein, and fold it all about the Horfes Foot
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1 ' I I ...■—— ■-■— ■.
Of Cures Chyrurgical. ,28<
Foot both under and above; and then put on his Boot, drefs him
once a Day, and once in two Days let him fiand four Hours without His Boot» tbat his Hoof may grow as well hard as tough. CHAP. CXXIII.
Horn to preferve Hoofs.
J •< 0
IF you mean to prefefve your Horfes.Hoofs, either from any of; die former Sorances, or any other grief whatfoever, youlball, accorr
y$ to ^Q Opinion of the Ancient Farriers^take three heads of Gar- lick, a little bundle of Rew, fix ounces of Allom beaten into Powder, two pound of Old Greafe, and the Dung of an Aft* boil them all -t very well together, and ftop your Horfes Hoof therewith once a Day, Other Farriers take of Vinegar a quartern, of Tar half a pint, of "°§s greafe half a pound, of Oyl a pint, and a good handful of wormwood, and four or five heads of Garlxck j boil all thefe toge- ther to a thick Ointment and therewith anoint all the Horfes Hoofs, others ufeto boil Beans till they burft, and then temper them with Money, and therewith anoint all the Hoofs: or elfe wafh all the ™°»s with warm Vinegar, and then anoint them wichHorehound, v°rmwood, and Greafe molten together. of rv Farr'ers take of Olibanum,and NewWax,o£each one ounce,
Oialthea and Turpentine, of each three ounces, of Sutter four ounces, and of Old Oyl fix ountes, and of Sheeps-fuet and Plaintain,of lh v pound.' boil them all well together, and therewith anoint yje Hoofs twice a day. Other Farriers ufe to anoint his Hoofs with urpentinc, Hogs-greafe, and Honey warmed and molten together,
th w' 3 iikecluantity » then pare the Foot well, and fhooe him in nitW °f the Moon two or three Days a^ter the Change,
elf r i! Ul"S t0 take Ci)alk and White-lead mingled together, or *£$ ner , ?, ^ and Honey mixt together, and being heated inapof- et, laid hot onthebareFlelh, is molt excellent to make any Hoof grow : To conclude, if a Horfe ftand upon his own dung, < being wery well watred) fo he do not lye in it, it is moft foverain for the preferving of Hoofs. |
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P p 2 CHAP,
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290 Of Cures ChyrurgicaL Lib.
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CHAP. GXXIV.
■
For any hurt upon the Hoofs.
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I
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F your Horfe fhall receive any hurt upon his Hoofs, either out-
wardly, or inwardly, as either by any falfe treading, or eroding |
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one Foot upon another,or by any bruife upon cogte Stone, Flint, or
fuchlike, then for the Cure thereof, you fhall firft ftop the Hoof with Honey and Vinegar mixt together, for the fpace of three Days at theleaftj and then afterwards with leaves of Tamarisk well brui- fed and beaten together, until the Hoof be found again. ftf= Other Farriers uie only to ftop the Hoof with Sheeps-greafe and Horfe-dung mixt together, renewing it once a day until it be well, C HA P. XXXV.
■.-■■■ 1
How to foftin the Hoop.
THE Hoofs of Horfes; will by long ani dry ftanding upon dry
Plaunchers, grow fo hard, that they will not be pared, nor cut by any Butterifs: befides, they will fo take from the Horfe thefenfe and feeling of his Feet, that the Horfe will go very ftiffand unnim- bly : Wherefore, when you fhall perceiveanyfuch defect, which is belt known by offering to pare the Hoof, then prefently you fhall take an ounce of Sope, two ounces of unflakt Lime, with as much ftrong Lye as will make it foft like a Lenwick Salve, then with that, ftop the Horfes Feet daily till they come to a convenient foftnefs. Hot glowing Embers put upon the Hoof will foften it. G HA P. CXXVL
Horn to harden Hoofs. AS dry ftanding, and dry keeping doth harden the Hoofs too
much, fo wet and moift keeping, as continual going in Marrifh grounds, or continual ftanding either upon dirt, or the Horfes own dung, or too hot ftoppings will make a Horfes Hoofs too foft *, info- much thai the Horfe through the tendernefs thereof, will neither |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical. 291
be able to go, nor bear any Shooe, which you /hall perceive by the fofr.
and eafie cutting of the Hoof. The manner then to harden and Cure them,is,according to the Opinion of theAhcient f'arrkrs,Firlt to burn an old Shooe Sole, then feethe it well in Vinegar,"aftd therewith bathe the Horfes Hoofs atleaft twice a Day,and it will harden them. Other skilful Farriers ufeto rake of the Powder of Galls, or Bran,
and of Salt, of each a handful ; boilthefe welKn a Pottle of ftrong Vinegar, and therewith bath the Hoofs and in a (hort fpace it will harden them, CHAP. CXXVII.
Of the Adalt-long of the Hoof. PH E Malt-long, or as forae Farriers call it, the Malt-worm, isa
. Cankerous Sorance above the Hoof, jult upon the Cronet, which Will break out into Knobs and Branches, and out of the fame will run a watrith (harp lye or humour, which will venom the whole Foot.- as for the figns, they are the apparent fight of the Sorance, and the continual running out of the thin Water. Now the Cure, according to the Opinion of the Ancient Farriers, is, if it be in the Summer- time,to takeBlack-fnails, and Bur-roots, and beating them well to- gether, hy them unto the Sore, and renew them once in 24 Hours. But if it be in the Winter, then take the fcrapings of a Pans bottom, or of a Cauldron, and put thereto a handful of the inner Green-bark or Pills of the Elder-tree,and having beaten them well together in a Mortar, lay it unto the Sore, and renew it once a Day, and it will- neal it. Others ufe to take Garlick, Pepper, and Honey, of each a like quantity, ftamp them very well together, then anoint his Tongue with a little thereof, and then lay fome to his Paftorns, and that will Cure the. Sorance. C H A P. CXXVIII,
Move to skjn any fore Foot.
jPHere is nothing better to skin any fore Foot, of what Accident or
. f s°ranceibever it proceed, then to take Turpentine limply of « wit, and therewith every Day to anoint the fore Foot, and it will not
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292 Of Cures Chyrurgical. _ Lib. 2.
not only gather skin buc hoof alfo, if it be in a place where any
need requireth. Alfo White-lead, andTrain-oyl beaten together, will do the like. • C H A P. CXXIX.
Of gourdedor fwoltt Legs.
THE C>urge, or Gourded Legs, is an ill Sorance, being a grievous
fwelllng in the nether part of the Legs, proceeding either from the melting of the Greafe by immoderate labour, and then wanting wherewith to avoid that Greafe out in excrements, itfalleth down into the Limbs,and there breedeth thisSwelling ; or elfe when aHorfe is exceedingly heated, and then without care fet up, and taketh cold, infomuch that the Blood falleth down into his Legs and there con- gealed! and maketh his Legs tofwell. To conclude, they do fome- tiraes proceed from hard Beating,in hard Ways, in the Summer-time, which firftraifeth up Wind-galls, and then tbofe Wind-galls offend-' ing the Sinews, make them to fwell, and this is the worft gourding, becanfe ever for the molt part, Lamenefs doth follow it The figns.are, the Horfes Legs will ever be raoft fwoln when he
ftandeth ft'dl in the Howfe,and leaft when he is in Travel,efpecially if he Travel in muqhWater .-and the fwelling moft commonly is accom- panied with forhe.fmall Scabs, and in the end it will break out into the Scratches. The Cure, according to the Opinion of the Ancient farriers, is, To draw him with a hot Iron a handfulabove the Knee, and then Rope his Legs with aloft Rope of Hay wet in cold Water, and Jet it fo remain a Day and a Night, and it will take away all the fwelling. Other Farriers take two pound of Nerve oy.l, two pound of Rlack-Sope, a-pound of Boars greafe and melt and boil all, thefe well together; then (trainit, and fo let it cool; then wheD you have any need, anoint and chafe your Horfes L egs therewith, and to make it fink in the better, anoint him firft with Nerve-oyl,and hold a hot Iron againfr. his Legs to make it melt, then ufe the other Oint- ment in the fame manner, which done, keep his Legs clean from Dult by lapping a linnen Rowler about them. KV Others of our latter Farriers ufe to take up the Veins beneath the Knee.and'let him Bleed well: then knit theVein both aboveandbelpl'-S and then anoint his Legs witluhis Ointment: Take of Frankincenfc, Rozen
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Of Cures ChyrurgicaL 293
SiemLaiwfre^Greafe' of each a like quantity, and having boiled
W^r r geCher' tnenftrainit, and ufe it once a Day as you fhall tCrli on' and ic will heal any Gourge whatsoever ; only for if itE ngUp°f the Veins, you may, if you will, forbear it, ffth, ever afr c wkh great cunninS jt wil1 make the Horfe ftiff Noted th' further in the new Additions, for any ftrain general CHAP. CXXX. ^
certain and approved Gare for any Surded or fweWd Legs by ith*t '
Accident foever.
jplrft with aFleam prick the fwell'd parts j then take a pint of Wine-
flower jfl °UnCe of cummin-feeds,and a handful or more of Wheat- hot to rhr them tU1 they be thick, then apply this Poultis very b twn u dl d part>aad renew> ic but once in 24 Hours,and if this either «rIe,Days drawittoan head, then Launce it, and heal it an -Epp m£ er of Sh0°e-maker"s Wax, or elfe with the Yolk of Bm f v (reat^flower and Honey beaten together to a Salve.
thentaW lt:-p.not'draw'toanyHeadi and yet the Swelling continue,' of Rnl u £■ a *luarter °f a pound, and as much Virgins wax, banumhJ aP°«nd> of Juke of Hyflbp half an ounce, of Gal- Arab^nm l!?/unce' of Myrrh Secondary half a pound, of Bdellium an onnr* I an ounce' ofDeers-fuet half a pound, of Populeon half the,- in o' ^0ttf droP*of Storax half an ounces boil all thefe toge- Pound fT thei,-P°^ and after it is cooled, take of Bitumen half a beat theft *rmocmack an ounce and a half, and of Coitus as much, . other and h11?0!. Powder^ and then incorporate them with the ture intnSx«maUover-aSain» which done, pour the whole mix- wire .*fr?rater' and then Ro11 it into feveral Rolls Plaifter- abouttnA?r fcd this plaifterupon Sheeps leather* and fold it HiuehftrenTu ^eraber' and this will both affwage it, and give Plaiifc-r fnTil t0 . c Sinews- You (balJ bv no means remove this Horfefn«f! ,M-Wonderfuifoverain» andof,afingnlarufe: for the
to hkitni! ntlnUallV kept therewith, I mean; that hath it apply'd troubled^ Mm? he ^meth from Travel; he foil never be Nowif ; m d Legs' nor Yet ever put oat Wind-gall; w « you will neither go to this coft, nor endure this trouble; 4^.:
yet .
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Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
yet would have your Horfe Cured of his infirmity, then know, there
is not any thing better, or more approved, than continually both be- fore and after Travel, and in the HouPe many times in the Day, to lave and wafh your Horfes Legs, or other fwell'd parts,with the cold- eft andcleareft Fountain Water that you can get, and fometimes let the Horfe ftand in fotne cold running ftream the fpace of a quarter of an hour or more, up to the Knees and Cambrels, but in any cafe no farther. This Medicine, how poor fcevef it look, is of much vertue, and
though I write of cold Water, yet is the operation hot and fiery : Only this you muft take to your remembrance, that this applicati- on appertains not to Impofthumations, but unto Strains, Swellings, and Bruifes, which are without much anguifh. c h a p. cxxxr.
Of the Farcy t or Fafhiotis.
THE Farcy (of our Ignorant Smiths called the Fafhions),is of all
outward Sorances the vileft, the molt poyfonous, infectious and themoft dangerous, (being any whit neglected) or otherwife the moft eafie, and with the leaft coft or trouble to be helped. It is akind of creeping Ulcer, growing in knots, ever following alongft fome one Vein or other,and fometimes alongft divers or fundry Veins, ac- cording to the ftrength of the infections. It proceeded] fometimes from corrupt Blood ingendred in the Body, fometimes from outward Wounds or Hurts receiv'd by cankerous or poyfbnous Instruments1, as rufty Spurs, rufty Forks, biting of Dogs or Horfes, biting of Ticks, Hogs-lice, or fuch like ; fometimes by the rubbing of Swine againft itheLegsof theHorfe, or by lying in the litter where Swine have lain, or by inter- fering, or hewing one leg upon another ^ but generally it proceedeth from an evil habit of the Body, being forfeited bydtf- orderly and unruly Travel, whereby the Blood being heated, the Greafemelted, andfudden cold taken,- theregroweth fuch obftr-ucti- ons in the blood, and fuch putrefaction in the Body, that can in no way evacuate or avoid, butbythefe fm all Knots, Puftule^ or Ulcers, which are fo infectious, that as many Horfes as do gnaw or gnapupon the Horfe infected wiji within one Month have the fame Difeafe, or if the Horle infected do bite any other, he will infeft him alfo; and this, infection without ptefent Cure is Mortal, and will kill any .. Horfe:
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—'" I I -I • ■■■■-■■, I--. - I- - I - , - —>-■—-— ---■-■"- ■■■■'■-
■J-"3' 2. Of Cures ChyntrgicaL 29 j
Horfe : therefore, whenfoever you have any Horfe troubled with
this Sorance, fee that you feparate him from other Horfes to pre- vent the danger. Now for the figns, they are the appearance and palpable feeling
of the Knots, which Knots are never but accompanied with greas fwellings and ranklings, running along as the Veins run, and dividing themfelveSas the Branches of the Vein divide, the number of the Knots multiplying and en.creafing until the Eody be univerfally co- vered over, or elfe that the number (if it be in a member) be utter- ty deformed and mif-fhapen. Now the Cure, (according to the Opinion of the Ancient Farriers)
*s> Firft let him Blood on the Neck Vein, and on both his Spur Veins, then give the Horfe this Drink: Take aGallon of Water,and put into it a good handful of Rue, and a pound of Hemp-feed, both being firft bruifed in a Mortar ■■> then boy 1 them in Water till ths one half beconfumed, and give the Horfe this to drink in the Morning fail- ing, being cold, for divers Mornings together, and it will cure him. Qthers of the AncientFarriers ufe firft to let the Horfe Blood in that
Vein where the Sorance firft rifeth, as nigh the fore place as may be, and let him bleed well: then fire or cauterize every Knot one by one, taking the Knot in your left Hand, and pulling it fo hard as you can from his Body, to the intent you may the better" pierce the Knot with a round blunt hot lion, of the bignefsof a Man's fore- finger, without doing the Body any hurt, and let the matter out, leaving noneunburned, being little or much : That done, anoint every Knot foburfledjwit'h Hogs-greafe'warm'd every day once, until the Cores be readyto fall; and in the mean time, prepare agood quantity of old Urine; and When you fee the Cores ready to faU,then boyl the Urine, and put therein a little Copperas and Salt, and a few ftrong Nettles,and with that Water being: warm,wafh out all the Cores,and all the Corruption; that done, fill every hole immediately with the Powder of unflakt Lime", continuing thus to do every Day once until the holes be clofed up-, and if any be more rank than others, fill thofe with Verdigreafe} and during this Cure, let the Horfe be thinly dieted, that is to fay, with Straw and Water only, unlets it be now and then to give him a Loaf of Bread, or a little other ' Provender: for the lower he is kept in flefh, the foone'r he will heal 1 and in any wife let his Neck either be yoaked in an old bottomlefs 1 ail, or elfe fplented with Staves in. fuch fort, that he may not come to lick any of his Sores5 and the lefs he hath, the better will be his ------------ n n MP",!""'"t |
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296 Of Cures Chyrurgica/. Lib. 2„
amendment. Now there be other latter Farriers, which for the So-
rapcetake a good quantity of Miftleto, Honey, and black Sope, and boyl them very well in old Urine, and being very warm, wafh your Horfe all over therewith, every Day once for the fpace of five or fix Days, and it will help it. Others life to cut the Horfe two Inches long down the forehead, and upon it on the midft thereof on both fides two Inches, and put thereto A tampin made of the* inner rind of Elder Bark which is green, and look that it-lye crofsthe Cut; for foitwilldeftroyallthe venomous Humour in bis Body, and it will heal him very perfectly, having been very, oft approved. Others ufe to take a very (harp Bodkin, and to thruft it crofs-wife through the nether part of the Horfes Nofe, even through the fmall Griftle, fi> • that he may bleed well y or elfeto let him Blood in the Neck Vein ; then feel the Knots, and as many as are foft, Lance them, and let them run ; then take ftrong Lye, Lime,.and Allom, and mixing them well together, Bathe all the fore therewith, and it will cure him. XS3 Others take a fharp Lance- knife,and in the top of the Horfes Fore- head, fomewhat above his Eyes; make a long flit even unto his Skull j then with a blunt Inftrument for that purpofe, loofe the Fleftifrom thefcalpagoodcompafs, then take Carret Roots cut into little thin round pieces, and put them between the Skin and the Skull \ or, for want of Carret-roots you may take red Dock-roots, and fee that they be alittle beaten or bruifed before youput them in, and once a-Day fee that you thruft out the matter, but by no means thruft outtfe Roots : but if the Roots do not ftay in, then with a Needle and Silk ftitchthe Wound together that it may hold in the Medicine; - then once a Day anoint the Wound with frefh Butter .• This is held a very certain Cure for the Farcy } forsook how this Wound made thus , fhall rot, waft, and grow found, fofhall the Sorance break, dry up, and be healed j only the fault of the Cure, is, that it will be fome- what long in healing, and is a foul Eye-fore untill it be whole. Now there be other Farriers, which, after the putting in of Roots;
as is aforcfaid, ufe to burn all the fore place round about with a hot Iron v and then with another blunt hot Iron as big as a Man's finger, soburn the Sore in the midft till the white matter come forth, then with a pair of Pinfons pluck out the Knots-, this done, anoint all the fore place with Sope, and then drefs him no more the fpace of four or five Days> in which time you muft prepare a good quantity of ftrong Pifs9 with the which you muft: wafh him every Day, theJPifs iking irft made fcalding hot, and rub the Soxes well until theybe- |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgical. zgj
gin to bleed; then having dried all the fore places, throw on the
Powder of unflakt Lime, or of Surnt Aliom, which will heal better > than Lime. Now if you fee that in any of the Sores through negli- gent drefiing there rifcth p-oud FleOi high, that you canaot correct k fufficiently with the afomaid Powder, then you may burn any fuch place fo fore or forer as you did at the firft, and drefs it as before. Now there be other Farriers, which.whenthey fee the Farcy to have been old and long gone, and that it is fo far entred into one Member or other,that the Member is disfigured^ they will then firft purge the Horfe with fome ftrong purgation, of which you may find choice ln- a Chapter before written j and then under his Belly, put in one *owl either of Hair or Leather j or on the pitch of his Shoulder of his grieved Leg, (if it be before) or elfe in the ftifiicg places, if hi.; gnet be behind, put in another Rowel, and fo keep thofe two places together, with the iffuc in his Fore-head open, until the Cure be finifhed; then with another hot Iron burn all his Leg down with long itrikes, even from the Body to the Hoof, not above an Inch one ftrike from another,the edge of the Iron being not above a Straws breadth, and draw your ftroak ever downward with the HairT and burn him no deeper than that the Skin may look brown. Now, when by this practice you have cured the difeafe \ if then the Member be unfafhionable, or by Swellings out of all form, then you fhall lay unto the Member a Plaiftermade of Wine-lees, and Wheat flower, and Rowl it with a woollen Rowler, renewing it once in Twenty four Hours, till the Member be aflwaged j and this practice will Heal any great fwelled Leg, if it be applyed and continued with Patience j out if by former dreflings, burnings, manglings, or cuttings of fome ignorant Farriers, there be any extraordinary, hard, or horny fub- ltan«- grown about the Member, which the Plaiftcr aforefaid will Rot diflolve, then you fhall take of Virgins-Wax half a pound, of ^rrh one pound, of Raifinsa pound, of Galbanum half a pound, of Coitus fix ounces, of Armoniack fix ounces, of Swines greafe two pound i put your Swines greafe firft in an earthen Pot, aid having placed it in a broad Cauldron full of Water j then make a foft fire un- aer k, to the end that your Water may boil; and when you do per- ceive your Swines greafe is almoft raelted,then fhall you put in all the otner Simples, except the Coitus j and when they are all molten, Zh^u Wl11 ask five or flx Hou«boiling at the leaft \ then your Coftus, wnich is a white Root, being beaten into finePow4er, you(hall add «Hne torefaid things after it is taken from the fire, and incorpo- Q^q 2 raie_
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2 9 8 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
rate them all very, well together, then make a Plaiffcer thereof upon a
piece of Sheeps Leather, fomewhat bigger then the Sore, and this Plaifter without renewing,wilL ferve for at the leaft Thirty Days,with a very little refrefhih'g, only you muft once a Day take it off,and rub his Leg very well for fear it kch, which may caufe the Hor/e to beat andltamp with his Foot, and fo rather increafe than decreafe the: fwelling; ahdyou muft regard^ that you do notrowl him too ftrait, for that is moft hurtful. It mail not be amifs now and then to ride him into the Water, and .walk him an Hour after, then bring- ing him into the Stable, rub his Leg well 5 then warm his Plaifter over a Chafing-difh of Coals, and fo lay it to again : and this practice- in two or three Months will takeaway any deformity of fwelling, be the Member never fo uncomely. Now there be other Farriers, which for this Farcy, if it be but
young, and efpecially if it be about the Bead or F'ace of a Horfe, will take only of Aquavits two fpoonfuls, of,-the Juice of Garlick twofpoonfnis, and of the Juice of Rew, or Herb of Grace, two fpoonfulls; mix them well together, then take Plegants or round Balls of Flax, and fteep them therein, and then ftop them hard into the Horfes Ears ; then take a Needle and Thred, and ftitch the tips of his two Ears together, by means whereof, he cannot (bake out the Medicine, and ufe the Horfe thus three feverar Mornings together, and it will kill the Farcy, as hath been oft pcoved. BQ= Other Farriers ufeto take Drag-worts, or Groundfel, and beat it well in a Mortar with white Salt, and then flop it inrd into the Hories Ears, and fo either ftitch them together,or with a broad inckle bind them up, renewing it once in Fourteen Hoursfor tharee or four dreffings, and it will heal any reafonable Farcy: Others ufe to anoint all the Sores either with Tanfey and Verjuice
Boyled together •, or elfe with Boars-greafe very hot, and that will kill it. Others ufe firftto walh the Sores with old Urine, then take the Powder of Glafs, Brimftoneand Hogs greafe well ftamped and beat- en together, i then opening, and flitting the Knotc, anoint them all therewith, and it will cu^e them immediately. Other Farriers ufe to let ths Horfe BIood? if itb^atthe beginning of the difeafe, or elfe not:, and then to burn aUthe Knots as is aforefaid, and thentoheal 'theburnings with Tar,. Oy 1, and Honey mixt together, and give him with a pint ©f Malmfey, two or three fpoonfuls of the Powder Dia- pente:. or elfe give himfour. ounces of the Powder of Wall- wort,o* ©anywort, witfraptnftand a half ©f'Malmfey three.Days together |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chyrurgkal. 29P
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after that, takeanouaceof Aloes, one ounce of Centaury, one ounce
of Opoponax, beat them all into fine Powder, and give them him to drink i 1 a pint and a half of Ma'mfey warmed, wherein the Roots of the aforefaid Herb called Wall-won, or Dan-wort, have been fodden: Ufe to ride him oft until he fweat, and when the Difeafe is killed, turn him to Grafs.- for running in the open Air is very wholfom. «£». There be others, which take black Sope, Arfnick, u.nflakt Lime,
Verdigreafe, and Read Lead, work all thefe well together, and ope- ning the Knots, drefs them therewith till you fee them begin to dry up and die. Others open the Knots with a hot Iron, and then take black ;>ope and great Bay-Salt beaten together, and half fo much as of them, of Verdigreafe, and boil the Verdigreafe with frefh greafe, ar-d then take a Saucerful of Muftard, and put them all together, and drefs the Sores therewith- . There be others that take three ounces of Quick-filver, andpnt ic
into a Bladder, with two fpoonfuls of the juyce of Oranges or Lemmons, and fhake them together to cool the Quick-filver: then take half a pound of frefh Hogs greafe, and Verdigreafe an ounce ; put all thefe in a trend Dilh, and work them well together : then anoint theKnotsvrith thisOyntment till they rot: then let thera out with a (harp Knife, and anoint them ftill, and put into>his Ears the Juice of Ragweed, and the Sores will dry up. This Medicine is ^ery well approved. Others take black Sope, Muftard made of VVine-Vinegar, and Read Lead ; mixallthefe together, and anoint the Vein all along, holding a hot Iron etofe to the Sore, to make the Oyntment ftrike in, and do thus once a Day until the Soresdty up. Other Farriers take the Juice of Hemlock a good quantity, and dip- Pl°S Tow therein, flop his Ears therewith; then open all the Knots and thruft in Salt. Laftly, give him to drink fweet Wort mixt with Fennel and Treacle Other Farriers take the Butter Bur, and be- ing dtyed and beaten to Powder, drew it upon the Knots after they nave been opened, and then give two or three fpoonfuls of the lame. Powder with a pint of Malmfey to drink, and it will care the arcv. ».and it is alfo exceeding good for all manner of Ulcers; the
root is ftrong in fmell, and bitter in tafte. Others take Sulphur, OrpimenEunflaktLime, and mixing them
together, put it into the Knots, aad it will kill the Farcy : which oone, anoint him with Bole- armonymade into Powder, and incor* porated with ftrong Vinegar, the Juice of Houfieek, and of white Leeks-
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30®_______ . Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2«
Leeks and Solatro. Other Farriers, after they have let the Horfe
Blood, Will boil in Vinegar, Bean-flower and Swines Greafe then add a pretty quantity of Oyl, and then ftraln it, and then add one part of Aloes, and two of Brimftone, and boyl it a little • then being warm, anoint all the fore places therewith, or elfe anoint them twice a Day with the Juice of Smallage, and the Yolks of Eees beaten together. °s There be other Farriers which take two Ounces of OyideBav
one of Euforbium, and two ounces of Arfnick, and mixine them together, anoint the Sores therewith,and it will kill the Farcy Now after all there manyReceipts,of which not any but have been aDDrowrf to be very good, yet thefe two which I fhall now rehearfe, I hlS ever found to be the raoft excellent for any manner of Farcy what- foever, whether it be (as our fimple Smiths terni it) a dry Farcv a wet or watery Farcy, or a running Farcy, all being indeed but one Farcy, and proceeding from one caufe ; only fome Horfes not ha Ting fuch flux of humours in them as others have, the Knots will it unwilling to break; then, fay they, it is a dry Farcy. Others of IE contrary part will break as faft as the Knots arife, and run filthv matter then they call it a watery Farcy. Others will fpread in manv parts of the Body, yet not break, but as it were move betw itrhl ■ Skin and the, Flefh, but that they call a Running Farcy.
Now all thefe are but one Farcy, and having but one certain Cur**
which is this.- Firft, with diligent heed mark upon what princinal Vein of the Horfes Body the Knots do arife, and note how thev fpread and run, then if the Farcy be divided intofundry Branches according as the Vein doth divide, you /hall take thelaft Knot of every Branch, which for the mofl part will be hard, and not come torottennefs; and then flit them, and fill them with your Knife's > point full of white Mercury : then thofe which you find to be rotten
let the matter forth, and anoint them with black Sope and Mercurv -mixt together y then within a Day or two you (hall fee thofewhrh
you drefswith Mercury fimple, to have-their cores fall out- and
the reft which you drefs with black Sope will dry up: then anoint them all with frefli Butter molten till they be whole. Now if von I perceive any new Knots to arife, then you fhall drefs them likewife with Mercury fimple, as was faid before, and not leave any uncured Now.if theFarcy be not very contagious, but as it were newlv be- gun, then if you only take black Sope and Mercury, asbcfordaid, and
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*-lb. 2 Of Cures Chjrurgical. 301
and anointing your Finger and your Thumb therewith, do but nip
and bruife every Knot, and within two or three days after they will dry up and heal. But if the Farcy be foul and defperate, thatisto lay, either univerfally fpread over the Body, or fo gotten into any Limbor Member, and the Limb is deformed, and hath loft his pro- portion, fo that a Man can neither judge which way the Veins run, nor in what part the Knots are moft venemous, becaufe that healing one, twonew ones will arife ; In this fame cafe, you (hall firft give your Horfe a ftrong fcouriog 43J
or purgation, according to the ftrength of -his Body, of all which a* pint of Muskadine, or a quart of ftrong Ale, with half a pint of tae Oyl of Oats, is the molt foverain : then you (hall take a penny- worth of Tar, and two good handfuls of Pigeons dung, and twelve penay worth of white Mercury; mix all thefe very well together, and make them into a Salve; then with a flice daub it all over the lore place,leaving no part of the Member uncovered ; then heating a Bar of Iron red hot, hold it fonear that it may dry the falveupon the Sore: then lay more frefh Salve on, and dry in like manner, and *P ^ ^ reft until it fall ofF,and it will kill any Farcy whatfoever,at the nrft or fecond dreffing. There be others which will flop the Knots . with the Powder of Verdigreafe and of Arfnick mixt together, or eJfe wafh the fores with Aquafortis^ but they are neither fo good as the other before rehearfed. CHAP, CXXXII.
Of the Carikgr many fart of the Body. A Canker is a poifonous creeping Ulcer, fretting and gnawing ,
the Flefh a great breadth, whofe beginning is Knotty, not much unlike to the Farcy, and fpreadeth it felf into divers places 5 and bewg exulcerated, gathereth together at the length into one if-0^ or ^tnySore> from whence there runneth a thin (harp lye, which galleth ofFthe Skin wherefoever it goes, and fo both encrea- ieth the Ulcer, and maketh it more incurable. It proceedeth from melancholly and filthyBlood, ihgendereth either by ranknefs of keep- »ng, or_elfe by too extream Poverty j and if this naughty Blood be mixt with fharp or fait humours, then it caufeta more painful and grievous exulceration. It alfo may proceed from fome loathfom vyound, which isneither clean kept nor well dreft, but in fuch text*
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2.0.2 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
fort, that the corrupt Matter thereof poyfoneth the other clean parts
of the Body. For ligns of this Sorance, there needeth no more but the defcripdon already mentioned. And for the cure, according to the Opinion of the Ancient Farriers, it is, Firft to let the Horfe ^- Blood in thofe Veins which are next the. Sore, and make him bleed "*"* well $ then take of Allom half a pound, of Green Copperas as much, of White Copperas one quartern, and a good handful of Salt, boil all thefe things together in fair running Water, from a Pottle to a Quart; and this Water being warm, walh the fore therewith with a Clout, and then fprinkle thereon the Powder of unflakt Lime, con- tinuing fo to do every Day once the fpace of Fifteen Days; and if you iee that the Lime do not mortifie the rank Fle(h, and keep it from fpreading any further, then take of Sope half a pound, of Quick- filver half an ounce, and beat them together in a pot till the Quick- filver be fo well mLigled with the Sope, as you can perceive no Quick-filver in it; then with an Ironfliceor fplater, after that you have warned the Sore with the ftrong Water aforefaid, cover the Wound with this Oyntment, continuing thus to do every Day once -until the Canker leave fpreading abroad. And if it leave fpreading, and that you fee the rank Flefh is well mortified, and that the edges begin to gather a skin, then after the wafhing, drefs it with Lime, as before, continuing fo to do until it be whole y and inthedreffing fuffer no filth that comes out of the Sore to remain upon any whole place about, but wipe it clean away, or elfe warn it away with warm Water •, and let the Horfe duringthis Cure, be as thinly dyeted as maybe, and throughly exercifed. Now if this Cankerous Ulcer happen tobeln the Tail of aHorfe,asitisoftenfeen, and which you fhaJl perceive as well by the falling away of the Hairs, as alfo by the Wound, then you ihall make a Bolfter of foft Cloth or Spunge, and wet it with Vinegar both within and without, and fo bind it on fait to the fore; and always when it waxes dry, you muft wet it again % do thus twice or thrice a Day, if itbedoneoftner it is better; fofhall you continue for three or four days, and then heal up as you heal an ordinary Wound ; that is. with Hogs greafe and Turpentine molten together, or fuch.Hke* There be other Farriers, which for the Canker on the Body do take an ounce of the juice of the Root of Affedely, three ounces of unflakt Lime, two ounces of Orpiment, Arfnick, put this in an earthen Vefiel ciofe ftopt, and either boyl or bake it in an Qyen till it come to a Powder, then firft wafn the ibre with ftrong Vinegar, and after ftrew this Powder thereon. Others
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Lib. 2. Of Cures ChyrurgicaL 303
Others ufe. to take Garlick,and beat it in a Mortar with Swines-greafe
till it come to a Salve, and then having walht the Sore either with Vinegar, AHom-water, Copperas-water';, or oldUrine, anoint it once or twice a day with it till it be whole. Other Farriers take the Herb Mullen, and bruife it, and mix it with Salt and Verdigreafe, and drefs the Sore therewith Morning and Evening for the fpace of three • or four days; then ufe the fame Salve again as long without Verdi- greafe j then laftl v ufe the Herb alone: but if at any time you fee it dobegintoWaxraw, then begin again, as is aforefaid, and ever before you anoint, wa(h it firft with Vinegar and Greafe mixt toge- ther. Others take Savin, Bayfalt, and Rue, ftampt with Barrows- greafe, and anoint the Sore therewith, and when the ill humours are kill'd (which you fhall know by the whitenefs) then heal it with Tar, Qyl, and Honey mixt together. Laaiy, (and which I hold the tell) take Vinegar, Ginger, and •»
Allom, and mix them together till they come to a Salve, and with it anoint the Sore, and it will both kill the Poyfon, and heal the Ulcer. CHAP. CXXXIII.
Of tbt Fiftula. AFiftula is a deep, hollow, crooked, mattering Ulcer, and for
the molt part, commonly a great deal ftraighter at the mouth than at the bottom, being ingendred in fome Wound, Bruife, Sore, or Canker, not throughly healed. The figns to know it are, The hollownefsof the Sore defcending downward from the Orifice, and the thir.nefs of the Matter which iflfueth from the fame •, be- sides, the crookednefs which you mail find in the Ulcer, when you fearch it. Now for the Cure, according to the Opinion of the Ancient «£*
Farriers, it is thus: Firft fearch the bottom thereof with a Goofeor Swans quiu, or with a fmallRod well covered with a fineLinnen- cloth; and having found the bottom thereof, cut itfo large with a Razor, that the- Matter may have free pafiage downwards■ •, but take heed in Launcing it, that you cut not any matter Sinew, or main Tendon .• then having ftanched the Blood either with Swines- d»ng, orluch like, Take of good Honey a pint, of Verdigreafe one ounce, and boil them well together upon h foft Fire three quarters of Rr M „
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304 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2.
an hour: then having cleanfed the Sore by tying a tent of Flax or fine
Linnen-clothto the point of your,Quill, with athred draw i c foft ly into the Wound': then cat off your Quillor Feather fo long that you may take good hold in the nether end of the tent, which then fhall tome out at the bottom of your Sore: then dip another tent in the aforefaid Salve, and then with a needle and thred make fall your tent to your firft clout, at the upper end thereof, then draw out your firft tent downward, fofball you draw your tent with the Medicine cafiiy into the Wound, and your firft tent will have cleanfed the Sore very clean; and if the matter do abcuad, much, then it fhall be good to drefs him twice a day :..- but you mult not drefs him withthis Medi- cine no more but one day, and afterward you fhall drefs him with this Medicine following: Take of Turpentine, of Swines-greafe of Honey, and Sheeps fuet, of each a like quantity, and melt them'to- gether, and make a Salve thereof, wherewith you fhalj drefs yojr Sor.e four days, for one day that •youdi efs him with the former Me- dicine made of Honey and Verdigreafe} and take heed that you make your tent of very Toft Linnen-cloth, andfineFlax: andietnot your tent be too big after the firft and fecond time dreffing, but prefently after the firft dreffing, you muft cover the fore place, and round about the fame, withthis Poultishere following : Firft,: Take two Gallons of fair water, and hawing boiled and
fcum'd it fo long till you have perfe&ly cleanfed it of all corruption then take two or three handfuls.of Mallows, and as much of Vioiet- leaves, and two or three of Oat-meal, and having boiled ail thefe three things well in your former prepared Water, you fhall add thereto of Hogs wort, and frefli Butter, of each a pound ; then fhall you let it boil fo long till it become thick, like Pafte or Pap, and then apply it hot to the Sore, and take heed that in opening this Sore you let not any hair ftrike into it; and on'theother fide, that you keep knot hot: and if this Fiftulabein the Horf'es VVithers, you muft take heed that you tye his Head to the Rack, fo as he may neither lye down, nor put his Head lower than his Manger: for if you fuller him to feed on the Ground when he hath :any grievous Sore in his Withers, it fhall hardly be poffible ever to Cure him; but jf you perceive the Wound to heal apace, and that it matter but a little, then fhall it be enough to drefs him once a day .• and alfo it fhall be good. Take great heed, that you make not your tent too big, and fee that you ufe your Poultis till 1: be perfectly Cured. Now" there be
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Lib. 2 Of Cures Chyrurgical. 3p?
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be others bfthe Ancient Farriers, which ufe for this Cure, Firft to
fearch" the depth of the Fiftula either with a Quill, or with fome other Inftrument of Lead, which may be bow'd every way: for un- lefsyou find the bottom of it, icvvill be very hard to Cure; and having f und the bottom, if it be in fuch a place as you may bold- ly cut and make the way open with a Launcet or Razor, then make a flit right againft the bottom, fo wide, that you may thruft in your Finger to feel whether there be any Bone or elfc Griftie perifhed, or fpongy, or loofe Flefh, which mult begotten out v andthe.fi tent it with a tent of Flax dipped in this Ointment: Take of Myrrh, of Aloes, and of Sarcocolla , of each one ounce , of good Honey fix ounces, and of Verdigreafe two ounces: and melt all thefeonagen- tle Fire, and make them into a Salve ; then being lake warm, d.refs the tent therewith, and bolfler the tent with a bolfler of. Flax, and if it be in fuch a place as the tent cannot conveniently be kepi fa with- a band, then fallen on each fide the hole two ends of a Shooemakers- , th-edright over the Bolfler, to keep in the tent, which ends may hang there, as two Laces to tye and unty.e at your pleafure, renew- ing the tent every day once, until the fore leave mattering, and then tnake the tent every day lefler and lefTer, until it be whole : for you fliall underfland, that this Salve doth purge this Fifluh of putre- faction, incarnated and breedeth Flefh , conglutinateth'and eateth away all naughty Flefh- Now when you have done as aforefaid,_then you /hall clofe it up by fprinkliag thereon a little unfiackt Lime; but if the Hftula be in fach a place,, as, you can neither cut againft the bottom, nor tye the fame, then there is no remedy, but every time you drefs it, to pour into it either through Come Quill, or by fome fmill.fquirt or Sirringe, fome flrong white Copperas-waterr or forrfe Allonv vvater^ fo that ic may go down to the bottom, and dry rip the filthy'Mattter: and this you may do twice a day at leaft - mill) it be whole. Now there be of our latter Farriers, which ufe this Cure, after they have fearched the Fiftula to the bottom, to *£8 take a pottle of White Wine Vinegar, of Camphire half an ounce, of Mercury precipitate half an ounce,;.of green .Treacle three" oun- ces," of Red-Sage an handful, of Yarrow and Rib-wort of each an ■ . hnndful, of Honey half a pint, of Boars-greafe half a pint, boil all rhefe together till a quart be confumed, and with this you fhall .wafh and cleanfe the Woajid. Then to heal up the fame, you 'Shall takeCylof Rofes,. Virgins-Wax and Rozen, of each a like quan- Rrz ..... tity,
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$o6 Of Cures Chyrurgical. Lib. 2*
tity, of Turpentine five ounces, of the Gum of Ivy and Oeers fuet
as much, boil thefe together unto a Salve, and then drefs the Sore therewith until it be whole; obferving ever,both in this Cure,and all the reft, that as foon as you have put in your tent, to clap a Plaifter over it of Pitch, Rozen, Maftick, Turpentine and Hogs-greafe mol- ten together, which will both comfort the Wound by taking away evil humours, and alfo keep in the tent from falling out. Now if the Fiftula be in or aboutthe Head of the Horfe, then you fhall take the Juice of Honfleek, and dip therein a lock of Wool, and put it into the Horfes Ears, and it will ftay the Inflammation •, but if it be exul- cerated and broken, then you fhall cut away all the rotten and falfe Flefh, and then Bathe it well with the grounds of Ale made warm and then wipe the Blood clean away : then take Butter, Rozen,' and Frankincenfe a little, and boil them all together: and boiling hot pour it into the Wound, and then clap on the Plaifter; do thus once 0 aday till the Horfe be whole. Now if there be any Inflammation be- hind the Horfes Ears, or that it grow to any Impoflhumation in that -place, then you mall boil the roots of Mallows in Water till they wax tender, then bruife them, and ftrain out the Water clean, and being warm, apply it to the fore, and it will heal it. There be other Ancient and Skilful Farriers, which for the general
Fiftula ufe for a prevention thereof, To take Honey and Sheeps-fuet and making it fcalding hot, to fcaldthe Sore extreamly therewith upon the firft fwelling, and'it will keep the Fiftula that it (hall not breed; but if it breed, then you fhall Launce it in the nethermoft part, and put into it as much Mercury Sublimatum as a peafe, being firft abated with Sallet-oyl, and laid on with a Feathery after that, take of Verdigreafe four penny-worth, of Vitriol a half penny- worth, of Red-lead three penny-worth, beat thefe together, and every day wa(h the Wound with Copperas-water, made with Cop- peras and Elder Leaves in Summer, and with the inner green bark in Winter; after the warning, uke the Powder, and put it on the Sore, and after it drop on a lide Oyl. Other Farriers take the outermoft green Shells of Wall-nuts, and
^* put them in a Tub, ftrowing threeor four handfuls of Bay-Salt upon them,fome in the bottom, fome in the midtt, and fome on the top, and fo keep them all the Year •, and when you will ufe them, take a'pint of them, a little Bay-fcalt, and half a quarter of a pound of black- Soap, with half a fpoonful of May-Butter, (and for want thereof, other
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Lib. 2.
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Of Cures Chyrurgical. 307
other Butter) and mix and incorporate them together ; and then
jpread it on the Sore, or tent the Sore therewith; but two hours before you lay it on, anoint the place with Venice Turpentine, and do thus till the Fiftula be whole. . Other Farriers take Unguentum .ffigyptiacum, which is made of
Honey a pint, Vinegar half a pint? A Horn a quarter cf a pound, and Verdigreafe one ounce and a half j and feethe them all together till till they be thick, and of a tauny colour \ this is called JEgyptiacnm, and to make it the ftrcngtft way, is to put in of Mercury Sublimacum one ounce made into Powder, and of Arfnick two fcrupl'cs, and boil "together \ with either of thefe, efpecially the frronger, drefsany Fiftula, Canker, or foul old Ulcer whatsoever, and it will kill it; and the weaker of thefe, which wanteth the Mercury and the Arf- nick, may be applied to the Fiftula in the Mouth of a Horfe. Other Farriers take of Sublimatum made into Powder one ounce, the nudft of well Leavened Bread flack baked, three ounces, of Nenin ten drams : mingle them together with a little Rofe-water, and make tents thereof, and dry them upon a Tile, and at your pleafure tent your Fiftula therewith, and it will afluredly kill it. Others take itrong Lye, Honey, 'Roch-Allom, and Mercury, and feethe them together, and fquirt it irfto a Fiftula, and it will kill it at the bottom,, and when you mean to dry up the Fiftula, take red Wine, Goats-dung3 and Bean-flower, and feethe them together, and ap- ply it to the Fiftula, anditwilldryitup. Now if you intend to fink down the fwelling of a Eiftula, firft of
all fear it with a drawing Iron in this proportion t > and then take Rofin, Sheeps-fuet, and Brimftone, and boil them together, and lay it upon a Fittuh very hot with a Cloth, and it will fink down the fwelling. It is alfo moft excellent to take away a Wind-gall, if it be laid on after the Wind-gall is prickt, but not too hot, but very reafonable, -and it will keep it alio very clean. There be other Farriers, which for a Fiftula take Verdigreafe, «£t
Butter and Salt melted together, and pour it fcalding hot into the Sore ^ and ufe this till all the Flefh look red \ thentent it with Ver- digreafe, burnt Allom, Wheat-flower, and the:joiks,oi Eggs well beaten and mingled together : laft of all, skin it with Barm and Soot mixt together. |
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CHAP.
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308 Of Cures Ckyrurgica/. Lib. t.
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G H A P. CXXXIV.
A rare and true approved Medicine to Cure any Fiftttla, or hollow Impofl-
humation whatfoevtr.
ffcf3 TT* Ake a pint of the ftrongeft Vinegar, and being hot upon theFire,
•*- mix therewith the lome of a clay Wall,which hath not anyLirrie in ic, but by no means do not pick out the chopt ftrawsor hay that is in theiome, but boil them all together till it come to a Salve : then being reasonably hot, fpread it oyer all the fwell'd place, and over eveiypart which you fhall-feel hard :• and yoyUhall thus do twice a day, and it will not only ripen and break the hollow Ulcer, butalfo fearch it to the bottom and heal it. This Medicine C ureth any fore back'■whaifoevef, how grievoufly foever, either gall'd or bruifed. " |
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C H A P. CXXXV.
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*
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Of the jimbitr^
■'iA-fbo-fl . A NF Ambury is a great fpungy Wart full of Blood, which may jt\. grow upon any part of the Horfes Body, chiefly about the Eye- brows, fcfoftrils, or Privy-parts> and it hath a root like unto a Cocks- flone. Now the Cure, according tothe Opinion of the Ancient Fat- • tiers, is, Firft to tye about with a thred or hair, fo hard as you can 9pull it, and the thred will eat in by little and little, in fuch fort as within feven or eight days it will fall away of itfelf \ sndif it be To flat, that you can bind nothing -about it, then take it away with a ihru p hot li on, cutting it round about, and fo deep as you leave none of the root benind4 and then dry it up with the Powder of Verdi- greafe: but if it grow in fuch a finewy place as it cannot jbetonveni- ently cutaway with a:hot Iron,; then it is. good to eat oWthe Core with the Powder of Rofalgar, or Mercury, and then toftop the hols with Flax dipiiuthe white of an Egg, for a day or two: and laftJy, to dry it up v«ittothe Powder of unflackt Lime, and Honey, as is be- fore taught. Other Farriers, inftead of tying the* Wart with a thred, do tye it wich fome Horfe-hair : and that is a great deal the better, and it wilUdt it off fconer, and falter, pAP.
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Lib. 2. Of C^es Chyrurgical._________ 3Q9
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CHAP. CXXXVT.
Of the Cords-
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HE Cordsisa certain firing, ^^f^T^'^^
vein to the Griftle in the Nofe, a«d.^XAfAhch |
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length of an Almond, or there be two firings like thrcds, wh.cn
lye above the Knee, betwixt the Knee and te™»J^J%£ fmall Cord through he Body to the Noltnls, nakmg a. Horfc to It urn- ble much, and fSnetime. to fall alfo; and it ..aD.i«*=v«> moch incident to many young Horfes. Thefignsare, J«gfftJJ ing, and much (tumbling, without any wwo^'^^J™*. the Cure is,according to theOpinion of our Ancien }J" ,^J^ thecnd of a crooked Harts-horn that "^W™*f"*%^f* $M &*?A. fir* gjgg ^rfess
of the Lee, by the Breaft, and take away at leaft aPottle of Blood,
. and after feVendys warn him with Beef-broth, and„ w 11 healhun Other Farriers take Muftard, Aquavits, and Sa««.oyl, and bo. them on the Coals, and make a Plaifter, and bind to a place that is grieved, and it will heal him. . . i-^*- T*othPhU Others take the grounds of Ale, and bring made warm Bathe h^
Legs therewith, and then rope them up with wet Hayropes, and ^ will make the Horfe perfectly found. CHAP. CXXXVII.
Of the String-halt.
TH E String-halt, of fome called the Mary hi»fJJ0>J*^f*
twitching npof the Horfes hinder Legs as if he did treadnj- on Needles, and were not able to indure his Feet upon the: Ground, The fighs whereof be an apparent ill-favoured man ner°f haltI"8 "™. vifible to the Eye. And the Cure is, Tp take up the middk Vein above the Thigh, and underneath the fame, then under the wid Vein |
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Lib.
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Of Cures Chyrurgical.
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jio
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there lies a ftring, which ftring muft be cut away : and then anoint
hira with Butter and Salt, and he will both do well, and go well. CHAP. CXXXVUI.
Of a Horfethat is Spur-gall'd;
IF a Horfe by the indifcretion of an Evil Rider, be Spur-gall'd,
which is a Difeafe moft plain both to be felt and feen : then the Cure is, either to Bathe it with Urine and Salt mixt together, or with Water and Salt, or with warm Vinegar, or elfe bind unto the place the crops of Leaves of Nettles ftamped \ and any of thefe will Cure him. CHAP. CXXXIX.
Of Wounds in general.
WOunds, according to the Opinion of all Farriers, isafblution,
divifion, or parting of the whole: for if there benofuchfo- lution, or divifion then it is rather called a Bruifethan a Wound j and therefore. Wounds are moft commonly made with fharp or pier- cing Weapons, and Bruifes with blunt Weapons .• notwithstanding, if by fuch blunt Weapons any part of the whole be evidently broken, then it is to be called a Wound, as. well as the other, and thefe Wounds do proceed from fome ftroak, prick, or violent accident. Now of Wounds, fome be hollow, and fome be deep and hollow: Again,, fome Wounds chance in flefliy parts, and fome in boney and finewy plates; and tbofe which chance in the flefhy parts, though they be very deep, yet they be not fo dangerous as the others, and therefore I will fpeak firft of the moft dangerous. If then a Horfe have a V. ound newly made, either in his Head, or in any other place which is full of Sinews, Bones or Griftles, then, according to the Opinion of the moft Ancient Farriers, you thai! firft wafh the Wound well with White-Wine warmed, and keep it ever whilft you are indreflingit, covered with Cloths wet in warm White-Wine : that done, you fliall fearch the bottom of the Wound with a Probe or finall Inftrument of Steel made for the purpofe, fuffering the Wound to take as little Wind or Air as you can poffible: then having found the depth, ftop the hole clofe with a clout until your falve be ready: then take of Turpentine, Mel-rofatum, Oy 1 of Rofes, of each a quar- tern, |
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Lib, 2. Of Cures Cbirurgical, 311
tern, and a little unwrought Wax,and melt them together, ftirring
them continually, that they may be well mingled together; and if the Wound be a cut, make an handfom roll or round plegant of loft Tow, fo long and fo big as may fill the bottom of the Wound, which for the mod partis not io wide as the mouth of the Wound: then make another roll or plegant fomewhat bigger, to fill up the reft of the wound, even to the hard mouth, and let both thefe rolls be anointed with the ointment aforefaid, made luke-warm: Only this you muft ever obferve,that if the wound be long and large,that then it is beft,if you canconveniently,to ftitch the wound together • with a fine needle and a Crimfon (ilk-, for that will make it heal the foonerand make the fear lefs. But if the hurt be like an hole made with fome prick, then make a ftifftent either of Tow or Lint, foch an one as may reach the bottom, anointed with the aforefaid Ointment, and bolfter the fame with a little Tow i and over both this and the other,or any wound whatfoever,as foon as your rowels, plegnants or tents are put in, you fliall clap a flicking plafter made of Pitch, Rofin, Maftick and Turpentine, melted together, as hath oeen before taught, both to keep in your falve, and to comfort the lore. Now if the mouth of the wound be not wide enough, fo as the matter may eafily run forth, if it be in fuch a place as you may do it without hurting any finew, then give it a pretty flit from the oiouth downward, that the matter may have the freer paflage;and *nanywife,have anefpecial regard that the tent may be continually Kept in by one means or other, and alfothatit may not be drowned " within the wound, but by tying fome thread about the upper end thereof, fo kept,that it may be taken out at pleafure. Now if the hole be deep,and in fuJi a placeas you may not cut it, then make your tent full as big as the hole of a dry fpunge that was never wet, 10 long that it may reach the bottom -, and the tent being made lomewhat full, with continual turning and wrying of it, you fliall eafily get it down, and thendrefs the wound with this twice a-day, cleanfingthe wound every time withalittlewhiteWine,hike-warro; tor the fpung anointed with the ointment aforefaid, will both •W ^ui Upa11 thefilthy matter, and make it fo fair within <f lSwr■ ' and as itkeginneth to heal, fo make your tent every «y lefTer and lefler, until it be ready to clofe up; and never leave h ft f • «?•*° *onSas lt wiM receive a tent, be it never fo (horf,for naity heajing of wounds breedeth Fiftula's, which properly be old lores, and therefore muft be healed like Fiftula's. Now if the S f wound
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2,2 Of Curts Ch'iwgical Lilp. a*
wound proceed from any ancient impoftumation, then you Ihafl
take two or three great Om'ons,atid taking out the cores,put there- in a little Bay-falt,and a little whole Saffron, andfo roafttherain the hot Embers; then plalter-wife lay them all hot on the wound, renewing it once a day till the wound be healed. Now if the up- per skin of the wound be petrefied, and you would have it away, then make a plafter of Cows dung fod in milk, and clap it to for four and twenty hours, and it will leave nothing vile about the wound. Others ufe generally for any cure whatfoever, to take a quarter of a pound of Butter, of Tar and black Sope, of each half as much, and a little Turpentine j boil all but the Sope together, • then when you take it off the fire, put in the Sope, and with this ointment drefs apd cut, and it will heal ic. Other Farriers ufe only to take Hogs-greafe and Venice-Turpeh-
tineand to melt them together, and it will heal any Wound. O- ther Farriers take eight drams of Turpentine, four drams of new Virgins wax, melt them in a pewter veffel, and ftir them well to- gether, and when they are weU melted and mixed, take them from the fire, and by and by whileft they be hot, pour into them half a pint of white Wine,then after they be cold,throw away the Wine, and anoint your hands with Oil of Rofes, and work the Wax and Turpentine well together, after that put them into the pewter veflel again, then put to them half an ounce of the gum of Fir-tree, and three drams of the juice of Betony, then feeth them well toge- ther until the juice of Betony be wafted, then put to it three drams of Woman's milk, or the milk of a red Cow, and feeth them once again until the milk be wafted; and then put it in a dofe pot or glafs,and with this drefs any wound whatfoever,and it will heal it. Others ufe to take Rofemary, and dry it in the (hadow, and beat it to powder, then warn the Wound with Vinegar, or the Urine of a Child, and ftrew thereon the aforefaid powder, and it will heal an indifferent wound. Other Farriers take Wormwood, Marjoram, Pimpernel, Ca<
lamint, Olibanumt beat them all into fine powder, then take Wax and Barrows greafe, and boil them on a foft fire until they be as thick as any Ointment or Salve; With this drefs any wound and it will heal it. Others ufe to take the tops of Nettles, Butter, and Salt,and beating them well in a mortar till they cometoaSalve,and it will dry and heal a Wound. Now the powder of Honey and *-A. Lime, or Turpentine fimply of it felf, will dry up and skin any *~* Wound |
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Lib. i. Of Cures Ckirurgical. 31$
Wound. Take Turpentine, Honey,Hogs greafe, Wax and Sheeps
faet of each alike ; melt them well together to a falve, and they will heal any wound. Now if a Horfe be gored upon a iiake.then you (ballcaft him, and pour info the wound Butter feaWing hot, and fo let him lie till it be gone down into the bottom; and do thus once a day till the wound be whole. If you defire to keep a wound open,put into itthePowder of green Copperas,and it will do it; but if you intend to heal itfpeedily.then wheat-flower and Honeywell beaten together to a Salve will do it, dreffing the wound once a day therewith. CHAP. CXL.
Ofan hurt with an Arrow.
TF a Horfe be foot or hurt with an Arrow, tent the hole only
* with Hogs greafe and Turpentine molten together, and renew it once a-day until the wound be whole. CHAP. CXLI. /
Of the healing of any old Sore or Vlcer.
|\Ld Ulcers or Sores are of three kinds -, the firft deep, hollow
Vj/ and crooked, and they be called Fiftulaes; the fecond broad and (hallow, but moft fpreading and encreafing, and they be called Cankers •, and the laft broad, deep, black about the fides and bot- tom, yet not much encreafing, although not at all healing,and they be called old Sores or Ulcers: They proceed either from fome great Bruife,Wound,or Impoftume, which is either venomed or abufed in healing by contrary falves; or through the flux and abundance of humors flowing down to thofe parts, through the negligence of a r moft unskilful Farrier. Thfc^igns are, the long continuance of Kri/^' the thinnefs of the matter which iflueth away, and the Wa«knefsof the fore, which is ever full of inflammation. Now for the cure, according to the opinion of the moft ancient
Farriers, it is thus: Firft cleanfe the fore wel^with white Wine; tnen take Copperas and the leaves of Lilies, beat them well in a mortar with Swines greafe till it come to a perfect Salve, and lay it upon the fore with flax, and then cover it with a plafter as in Sf» cafe
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314 Of Cures Cbirurgical Lib. 1*
cafe of wounds, and renew it once a-day, and it wifl heal it.
Other Farriers take Lime, and tough Horfe-dung, and mix it
very well together with Pepper, and the white of an Egg, and lay it to the fore, renewing it oncea-day, till the Ulcer be cured. Other Farriers drew upon the fore the powder of Galls, and
that will dry it up. Others fcald it once a-day with hot Oil-Olive, and that will
heal it. CHAP. CXLH. ^
A mofl certain and approved. Cure for the healing of any old Vlcer
whatfoever.
TAke Maftick, Frankincenfe, Cloves, green Copperas, and
Brimftone, of each a like quantity, or Myrrh, double fo much as of any one of the other \ beat all to powder, then burn it on a Chafing-difii and coals, but let it not name i then, as the fmoak arifeth, take a good handful of Lint, or fine Hurds, and hold it over the fmoak, Co that it may receive all the perfume thereof into itj then, when it is throughly well perfumed, put the Lint or Hurds into a very clofe box, and fokeep it. Now when you have occafion to^ufe it, fir ft wa(h the fore with
Urine or Vinegar, made warm, then dry it* and laftly, lay on fomeofthis Lint or Hurds j and thus do twice a-day, and it is a fpeedy and moft infallible cure. ..
CHAP. CXLIH.
Of Brmftngsor Smllliiigs,
A LL Bruifings and Swellings come unto an Horfe, either by
accident, or by fomeblow, rum, pinch, or outward veno- mingy or elfe naturally, asthrough the flux of Blood, or through theabundance of Wind. The figns are the fightly appearance, in what place or member foever they be: And the firft, which are thofe which come by accident, ate properly called Bruifings, or Swellings j and the Other, if they do rot or corrode, and fo turn "to matter^ are called Impofhimes. Now for the general Cureof any Bruife or Swelling, according
to the opinion ofthe ancient Farriers, it is thus: Take of dry Pitch, |
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Lib. i. Of Cum Cblwgtcal_______ w V5
of Gum, of each an ounce-, of Galbamm, of Lime, of each four
ounces, of Bitumen tvvo ounces, of Wax three ouncesv melt and boilthem very well together, then anoint the fore place there- with once aday, and $ will heal it. But if the fwelhng proceed onlyTrom fome bruife or rulh, then you (hall take two pints or Verjuice, onepint of Barm, and putting a little fine Hay thereto boil them very well together, then bind *e Hay » the fweUing very hot, and after wt on the Liquor: Do thuAhree or four days together, and it will take away the fwelling._ . Other Farriers take the tops of Worm-wood, Pelhtorrof the
Wall, Branck-Urfine, beat them well together with Swines greaie, then feeth them; then add a pretty quantity^ Hon^»-Uafeed- oil and Wheat-meal-, then ftir it over the Fire, till aU agamfee fodden together -, then lay it to the fwelhng, and renew it once a day, tilt thefwelling be gone. .. clMtn the. Other Farriers uft fir! to prick the fwelling with a.Fleam, th u
take of Wine-leesa-pint, as much Wheat-flower as wdUtactort, and anounce of Cummin, boil them together, and lay this, fome what warm unto it, renewing it every day once, until.the iweL- ling either depart, or elfe come to an head * which if it do not, then launce itand heal it according to a wound. Other Farriers take of Rofin, of Turpentine, and of 1Honey,
of each half a pound, diffolve them at the fire, then ftrain them, and add of Myrrh, Sarcocdl, and the flower of Fenugreek, and of Linfeed, of each an ounce, incorporate thenvall together, ana then make it thick like a Salve with the meal of Lupins, ana lay it to the fwelling, and it will aflwagett. Other Farriers take of Galbanum, and of Cerufs, or eacn an
ounce, of Oil two ounces, and of Wax three ounces, mix them together over a foft fire -, and when they are brought to a baive, then lay it to the fwelling, and it willaflwage. If you take only rotten Utter, or Hay boiled in ftrong Urine,
and apply it daily unto any fwelling, it will take it away. Now if thefwelling be upon the legs, and come by any ftrain, wen you (hall take of Nerve-oil one pound, of black Soap one pound, of Boar's greafe half a pound3meU andboil themall well together, then ftrain it, and let it cool, then whenoccafion ferveth, anoint and chafe your Horfe's legs therewith, holding an hot Iron near thereunto, to make the Ointment enter in the better •, then rope up his legs, and keep them clean from duft or dirt. But it tne fwelling
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Of Cures Chirurgical, Lib, jjj
fwelling be upon any part of the back or body, then take of
Honey and Tallow of each alike, and boil them together, then fpread it on a cloth and lay it on the fwoln place, and let it there ftick till it fall away of it felf. Now if the fwelling proceed from any windy caufe, and fo appear only in the Horfe's belly, then you (hail take a (harp pointed Knife or Bodkin, and arm itfo with fome flay that it go not too deep for piercing bis guts: thenftrike him therewith through the skin into his body before the hollow place of the Haunch-bone,half a foot beneath the back-bone,and the Wind will come out thereat j then if you put a hollow quill therein, or fome feather to keep it open a while, the wind wiH avoid the better, then heal it up again. It is alfo very good to rake the Horfe, and to ride him up and
down a little: but if the fwelling be under the Horfes ja ws,or about any part of his head, then you (hall take his own dung hot as foon as he makes it, and with a cloth bind it fall thereto, renewing it twice a-day till the fwelling be gone. See further in the new ad- ditions for the Fiftula, marked thus,nf"- CHAP. CXLIV.
Of Intfoftumes1 and fir ft bow to rifen them.
IMpoftumes are a gathering and knitting together of many and
moft corrupt humors in any part or member of the body, making that part to fwell extremely,and growing into fuch violent inflammation, that in the end they rot and break out into foul,mat- tery and running fores \ they commonly proceed either from cor- ruption of food, or corruption of Blood j they are at the firft ap- pearance, very hard, and very fore: which hardnefs is the principal lign that they will rot. And of thefe impoftumes, fome be hot impoftumes,and fome be cold; yet forafmuch as every impoftume aiuft firft be ripened, and brought to matter before it can be healed, we will firft fpeak of the ripening of them. If therefore you would ripen any impoftume,(according to the opinions of the ancient Far- riers) You (hall take oiSanguis DrAcon'u, of Gum- Arabic}^ of new Wax of Maftick, of Pitch of Greece, of Incenfe, andofTurpen- rine,of each a like quantity, and melting them together, and ftrain- ing them, make a plafter thereof^nd lay it to the impoftume with- out renewipg,and it will both ripen, br«ak,and heal any impoftume. Other
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Lib.
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Of Cures Ckirurgical.
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2.
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°,th?r Farriers take of fwines greafe,red wax, and the flower of
Euphorbwmt and mixing them on the fire well together,lay it to the Itnpofthume, and it will do the like. Other Farriers take of Honey,and of Wheat-meal, of each alike
quantity,and either boil it in the Deco&ion of Mallows,or elfe mix it With the yolk of an Egg,and it will ripen, break, and heal; yet !t mult be renewed once a-day. Other Farriers take Barly-meal, and boil it with Wine and
Pidgeons dung, and fo lay it to the Impoftume plafter-wife,and it will ripen exceedingly. . Other Farriers take a handful or two of Sorrel, and lapping it
10 a Pock-Leaf,roaft it in the hot Embers as you would a Warden, and then lay it to the Impoftume as hot as may be well endured, renewing it once a-day •, and it will ripen, break, and heal it. A Waiter of Shoomakers Wax will do the like alfo. , Other ancient Farriers take Mallow^roots, and Lily^roots, and thenbruife them, and put thereto Hogs greafe and Linfeed meal, and plafter#wife lay it to the Impoftume,and it will ripen it, break If?-and heal it perfectly. See further in the new additions for the Fl«ola, noted thus,& CHAP. CXLV.
Of old ImpofiuMs.
IF the Impoftume do proceed from any old Caufes,as thofe which
A rile after cold taking,or when a Horfe isat grafs, in the Winter «a*on, then you (hall take the herb called Balm, and ftamp it and nog's greafe well together, and fo plafter^wife apply it to the fore, ana it will heal it: or elfe when the impoftume is ripe, open it in the loweft part with a hot Iron, then walh it with warm Urine ; atter that anoint it with Tar and Oil well mixt together; and bett°U I°a^e your 'nc^i0n ia tnc ma°ncr of a half Moon, it is the Other Farriers take white Mints, and feeth them in Wine, Oil,
A u Butter» and folay ^ hot to, and it will heal it. Other Farriers take Cuckow^fpit, and ftamp it with old greafe, cHapply k'and lt wil1 heal if-
WAJrtheI Farriers take a handful of Rue,and ftamp it well with the «f3
yoKsotEggsandHoney, and then apply it plafter^wife, and it Will heal any old impoftume. ■ CHAP. |
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_ C H A P. CXLVI.
Of hot Imf oft urns. IF the Irapoftume proceed from any hot caufes j as from the ex-
tremity of travel, parching of the Sun, or the inflammation of the blood ; then, according to the opinion of the ancient Farriers, you (hall take Liver-wort, and ftamp it, and niix it with the grounds of Ale, Hog's greafe, and bruifed Mallows, and then ap- ply it to the fore, and it will ripen, break and heal it: But if you £^a would not have the fwelling to break, then take the grounds of Ale or Beer, and having boiled Mallows therein, bathe the fore place therewith, and it will drive the fwelling away. Other Far- riers take either Lettuce-feed, or Poppy-feed, and mix it with oil of red Roles, and lay it to the fore plafter-wife, efpecially at the .beginning of the fwelling, and it will take it clean away. C H A P. CXLVII.
Of the Tetter.
A Tetter is a filthy kind of Ulcer, like unto a Canker, only
it is fomewhat more knotty, and doth not fpread, but re- maineth moft in one place*, and many times it will remain between the skin and the flefh, like a knotted Farcy, and will not brake. r-3 The cure thereof, according to the opinion of the ancient and underftanding Farriers, is, tomakeaftrong Lee with old Urine, Afhes and green Copperas, and bathe the knots therewith, and it will kiH and heal them. Some other Farriers take a Snake, and cut offthe head and the tail, and call them away; the reft cut into fmall pieces, and roaft them on a fpit} then take the greafe thatdroppeth from them, and being hot, anoint the Sorrance therewith, and it will heal it in afhort time j but look that you touch no part of the Horfe therewith* fave only the Sorraace, for it will poifon and venom. |
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Lib* 2. Of Cures Cbirurgical. j 19
CHAP. CXLVIII.
Of Sinews that are eta t prickgd, or brni[ed*y
1F an Horfe,by the mifchance of forae wound,fhall have any of his
* finews either cut, pricked, or fore bruifed, then if there be no Convullion of the finews, you (hall, according to the opinion of the moft ancient Farriers,take Tar, and Bean-flour, and a little Oil of R°fes,and mixing them together,lay it hot unto the places and if it do not prefentgood, take Worms and Sallet-oil fried together, or elfe the Ointment of W or ms, which you may buy of every Apo- thecary,^ applying either of them, they knit the finews again,if they be not clean afunder. But if there be a Convulfion, then with a pair of Shears you muft cut the finew in pieces,and then take Ro- fin and Turpentine, Pitch and Sanguis DraconU; then melting them together, clap it fomewhat hot unto the fore i then take Flax and put upon it, for that will cleanfeand defend it; And than this Me- dicine, there is none better for any fwoln Joint whatever. Now if the joint be not much fwell'd, but only that the finews *"
are exceeding ftifF through the great bruifings, then you (hall take of black Soap a pound, and feeth it in a quart of ftrong Ale till it wax thick like Tar, then referve it, and when you (hall fee caufe, «fe to anoint the finews and joints therewith, and it will fupple them, and ftreteh them forth, although they be never fo much ftirunkj as hath been approved. CHAP. CXLIX.
Of fretting the Belly with the Fore-girths,
IF when you faddle and gird your Horfe, the Girths be either
knotty or crumpled, and therewithal drawn too ftrait, they |
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much,
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wm not only gall and wound the Horfe under the belly very
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«Si S Wm 3lfo ftoPthe bl00d which is in 'be principal veins,
SS?51Iat;v,einsv in fomefort, as they win occafion raoft ex- treme and hard fwellings. of S??? wher*of is> according to the general opinion, to take
of Tal t Y' 3 0il 0f Balm two ounces» of pi^h two ounces,
■ ariwo ounces, and one ounce of Rofin 5 mingle them well to-
*" Tt gether,
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^ io Of Cures Qhirurgtcal. Lib. 2*
gether, and then anoint the Horfes fore bowels therewith; then
take either Flecks, or chopped Flax, and clap upon it, and fo let it abide until it fall away of it felf, and it will furely cure him. Other Farriers ufe to take Vinegar and Soap,and beat them well
together, and ftir it with a flick or cloth, and then fall to rub and wa(h the galled place therewith, and do thus at leaft twice a day, and it will dry it up in two or three days at the moft. But if the galling be about any part of the Horfe's neck, then you {hall take the leaves of Briony (called the Hedge-vine) and ftamp them, and mix them with Wine, and then, plafterwife, lay it to the fore,and it will heal it. CHAP. CL.
Of Blillers.
BLifters are certain waterifh hollow Blebs, which do arife be-
twixttheskin and the ftefh, proceeding either from flight burnings, fcaldings, or chafings, and they be very full of thin mat- ter. The Cure thereof, according to the opinion of the moft ge- neral Farriers, is, Firft, in the Sun to fret them till they bleed i then take the roots of Ivy, and ftamping them in a Mortar, mix them with as much Tar, Brimftone and Alum, till they come to a Salve ; and then drefs the blifter therewith, and it will heal it. CHAP. CLT.
To tak$ away all manner of Bones, Knobs, or any faferfluotts Flejb.
Y/C/Hen an Ho&fe hath any bone growing upon any part of his bo-
dy, more than natural, or when he hath any lumps or bun- ches of Superfluous flefh, otherwife than of right doth belong to his true proportion ; then fuch bones, knots, or bunches are cal- led Excretions, proceeding from tough and flegmatick fubftances, ftirred up either by moft fore bruifes,imperfed healed wounds,or other naughty putrefadion of the blood, being moft apparent to the eye, and moft palpable to the hand. Now for the Cure (according to the general opinion of the moft
ancient Farriers) you. fhall firft ufe corrofive Medicines,after draw- ing Medicines, andlaftly drying Medicines \ or more particularly, thus you fhall cure them \ firft, with an Incifion.knife, fcarifie the |
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Lib. i. Of Cures Chirurgkal. %i\
Excretic is, then applyx Sulphur and Bitumen, or Coloquintida
feurnt and lifted; and when it hath eaten the Excretion away, then heal it up with drying Salves, as powder of Honey and Lime, or Bole-armoniack, or fuch like. Other Farriers ufe, after they have made the Excretion to bleed well, then to take two ounces of the afhes of Vitis, and as much unflack'd Lime, mixed with fix oun- ces of ftrong Lee, firfi: {trained, then fod till half be confumed, and fo brought to a fir m fubftance-, then keep it in a glafs.in a dry place, and apply it to the Excretion, till it have eaten it away, and then heal it up,as isbefore-faid. Other Farriers ufe to take a pound of ftrong Lee, and Soap, and a quarter of a pound of Vitriol/Roman, one ounce of Sal-armoniack,and as much Roch Aium,and boil them together until they be very thick-, and then, with that Ointment eat away the Excretion. Others ufe to take of Egypttacum the ftrongeft kind, and lay it on the Excretion with a Cotton three or four times, and it will take it clean away. This Medicine is molt excellent for any fplint -, and of no fmall importance, it it be ufed againft any Fiftula •, for it will fink it, although it were in the Crown. CHAP. C L11.
How to eat away any fuperfluow and deadfiejb.
IF when your Horfehath any Wound, Ulcer, or other fore,, you
wall pftceive that there groweth therein dead fle(h,which dead flelh you (hall know, partly by the infenfibility thereof, and partly in that it is a fpungy, hollow, naughty flelh, not fubftantial, as the trueHefh is, and either of a blackifh, or an high red colour ; tnen it (hall be meet that you feek all means poffible how to confume and eat away that fuperfluous and naughty flefh, becaufe the fore that is peftered therewith,neither can nor will ever heal,till it becleanfed ^ of the fame : Therefore, according to the opinion of the molt an- ^41 cient Farriers, the bell means to eat it away,is,to boil frefh Greafe and Verdigreafe, of each a like quantity together,and either to tent or plafter the fore therewith, until the dead ftdk-be confumed. Other Farriers take either the fcrapings of Harts-horn, or Ox-
horn, and mixing them with old Soap, drefs the fore therewith, and it will eat away dead flelh. Other Farriers take Spngia Marina, or Sea-fponge, and there-
with drefs the fore, and it will do the like. Other Farriers ufe the T l 2 powder
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• ji2 Of Cures Chirurgical Lib. 2.
powder of Rifagallo, Rifagre •, but it is a great deal too ftronga
fretter. Others ufe Litharge, or Lime in Lee; but they are like- wife very violent and ftrong eaters. Others ufe to take either white or black Elleborus, Ink, quick
Sulphur, Orpiment, Litharge, Vitriol, unflack'd Lime,Roch-Alum, Galls,Soot, or the afhes of Avellan, of each half an ounce; and they will confume dead flefh : Likewife Quick-filver extincT:, and Verdigreafe, of each an ounce, made into powder,will do the like: The juice of Borrage, of Scabious, cf Fumuory, and of a Dock, of each half an ounce, a little old Oil and Vinegar ; boil with a foft fire, put to it Tar, and it will likewife eat away any dead flefh. There be other Farriers which take Cantharides, Ox-dung and
Vinegar, and mix them well together, and lay it to the fore, and it will fetch away the dead flelh. Others ufe firft to pounce the fore with a Razor, then anoint it with Greafe, and ftrew upon it a pret- ty quantity of Orpiment. Other Farriers ufe, inftead of Rifagallo, to take the powder of Verd igreafe and Orpiment,of each an ounce j of unflack'd Lime and Tartar ,of each two ounces; mix them toge- ther, and therewith di-efs the fore, after you have wafhed it well with ftrong Vinegar *, and if you pleafe, you may add thereunto Vitriol and Alum, for they are both confumers of dead flefh. O- ther Farriers take the powder of Tartar, and Man's Dung, burnt with Salt, and then beaten into powder, and ftrewed on the fore: Or elfe take Salt, unflack'd Lime, and Oifter-fhells, and beat them in a Mortar with ftrong Lee, or old Urine, till it be like a pafte; then bake it in an Oven, and after beat it to a powder; ftrew it on the fore, and it will eat away the dead flefti. Other Farriers ufe firft to wafh the fore with Ale, wherein Net-
tle-feeds have been fodden, and then ftrew upon it the powder of Verdigreafe. Now to conclude, you muft ever obferve, that before you ufe
any of thefe Medicines, you do (have away theliair, that it be no impediment to the Salve; alfo when you have dreft it once, and fee that there is no Asker raifed, then you fball drefs it with fotne mollifying, or healing Salve, till the Asker come away, and then drefs it with your eating Salve again ; and thus do, until you be- hold that all the dead flefh be confumed, and that there is nothing bat perfect and found flefh,and then healit up,as in cafe of Wounds. Alfo Precipitate, Ample of it felf, will eat away any dead flefh. CHAP'
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Lib. i. Of Cures Chirurgical. 323
C H A P. CLiil.
For Knoti or Joints, Hardnefs, Cramps, or my Inflammations.
THere do grow in joints three forts of fwellings; namely an
hot fwelling.an hardfwelling, and a foft fwelhng-, all which you may eaGly diftinguifh by your feeling: And they.do proceed, |
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ither from abundance of grofs humours engendred by foul keep-
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ing, or elfeby accident, as from fome Wound,. Ruin, or Strain.
The Cure whereof, according to the opinion of molt ancient frar- "ers, is, to beat the powder called.Diapente, together with Oil, till it be like an Ointment, and then apply it once a day to trie grief, and it will take it away •, efpecially if it be a Cramp, or an Inflammation. ■ , .. fr Other Farriers ufe to incorporate with Oil, half an ounce ot li-
quid Storax, two ounces of Turpentine, five of Wax, and ten ot Bird-lime ; and apply that to the grief, and it will cafe it. Other Farriers take Wine, and old Oil, and Tar, mingled and boiled to- gether, and therewith drefs the fore place, and it will help it. Others of your old and later Farriers take half a pound of greaie, sU
three fcruples of Muftard',and the like of Bay-felt; mix thefe with Vinegar, and apply it to the grief. Others ufe to take a platter ot Figs,and the roots of Fern and Rocket; or mingle them with Greaie and Vinegar, and apply it to the grief. Other Farriers ufe to take the VngwntHm Bafilkon ^ which is made of Honey, Storax, Oat. bamm> Bdellium, black Pepper, Bay-berries, the marrow ot a Stag, of each a like quantity i twice as much of Armoniack, and ot the powder of Frankincenfe as much as of any of the other, and incor- porate them with Sheeps-fuet, and apply it to the grief, and it will help it. Other Farriers take dry Pitch,Pitch of Greece, of each one part; ^3
of Galbamm, and of Lime, of each four parts v of Bitumen two parts, of Wax three parts j melt them all together, and anoint the place therewith very hot, and it will takeaway thegner,an4 peradventure alio the eye-fore, |
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CHAP.
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Of Cures Ckirurgical. Lib. i.
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CHAP. CLIV.
How to cure any Wound made with the jhot of Gunpowder.
According to the opinion of the molt ancient Farriers, you fhaS
firft, with a Probe, or long inftrument, fearch whether the Bullet remain within the flefh, or no ; and if you find that it doth, then, with another inftrument for the purpofe, you (hall take it forth, if it be pofllble; if other wife, let it remain ; for in the end, Nature it felf will wear it out of its own accord, without any grief or impediment, becauie Lead will not corrode nor canker: Then to kill the fire, you (hall take a little Varnifo, and thruft it into the wound with a feather, anointing it within even unto the bottom; r then ftop the mouth of the wound with a little foft Flax, dipped in Varnilhalfo ; then charge all thefwollen place with this charge ; Take of Bole armoniackaquartern,of Linfeed beaten into powder half a pound, of Bean flour as much, and three or four Eggs, ihells and all, and of Turpentine a quartern, and a quart of Vinego yand mingle them well together over the fire;and being fomewhat warm, charge all the fore place with part thereof, and immediately clap a Cloth or piece of Leather upon it,to keep the wound from the cold Air; continuing both to anoint the hole within with Varaiih, and alfo to charge the fwelling without,the fpace of four or five days; then at the five days end, leave anointing of it, and tent it with a tentreaching to the bottom of the wound, and dipped in Turpen- tine and Hog's-greafe melted together, renewingit everyday once or twice,until the tire be throughly killed-,which you fliall perceive by the mattering of the wound, and by falling of the fwelling ■■, for as long as the fire hath the upper hand, no thick matter will iflue forth, but only a thin yellowi(h water, neither will the fuel- ling affwage; and then take of Turpentine, wafhed in nine feveral waters, half a pound, and put thereunto three yolks of Eggs, and a little Saffron.and tent it with this Ointment,reriewing it every day once, until the wound be whole. But if the (hot have gone quite through the wound, then you (hall take a few Weavers Linen- thrums, made very knotty, and dipping them firft in Varnifh, draw them clean through the wound,turning them up and down in the wound at leaft twice or thrice a day, and charging the wound on either fide, upon the fwoln places, with the charge aforefaid, |
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Lib. i. Of Cares Chlrurgical 325
until you perceive that the fire is killed i then clap on a comforta-
ble Plafter upon one of the holes, and tent the other with a tent in the Salve, made of waihed Turpentine, Eggs and Saffron, as is be- fore faid. Other Farriers ufe only to kill the fire with Oil of Cream, and
after to heal the wound up with Turpentine, Wax, and Hog's- greafe, molten together. _~ Other Farriers kill the fire with Snow-water, and charge the «#-J
fwelled place with Cream and Barm beaten together •, and then heal up the wound, by dipping the Tent in the Yolk of an Egg, Honey, Saffron, well beaten, and mixed together. CHAP. CLV.
Of burning with Lime, or any other fiery thing.
According to the opinion of the ancient Farriers, you fhall firft
wafh the fore round about, and in every part, very clean, with warm Urine; then kill the fire, by anointing the place with Oil and Water beaten together ; dreffing him fo every day, until the fore be all raw \ and then anoint it with Hog's-greafe, and ftrew thereupon the powder of unflack'd Lime •, dreffing him thus every day once, until he be whole. . ^_ Other Farriers ufe firft to wafh and cleanfe the fore with Sallet- "%2
Oil only warmed, then to kill the fire with Cream and Oil beaten together •, and when it is raw, then to fpread upon it Crearn and Soot mixed together -, and laftly, to ftrew upon it the powderof Honey and Lime, until it be perfe&ly skinned. C HAP. CLVI.
Of the Biting with* mad Dog.
IF your Horfe at any time be bitten with a mad Dog, the venom
of whofe teeth will not only drive him into an extream torment, but it will alfo infect and inflame his Blood in fiich fort, that the Horfe will be endangered to die mad. The Cure thereof, accor- ding to the opinion of the ancient Farriers, is, totakeof Goat's- dung, of Flefh that hath lain long in Salt, and of the herb Ebulus, gsaerally called Dane-wort, of each half a pound,and forty Wall- |
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%i6 Of CuresCbirurgical. Lib. u
nuts; ftamp all thefe together, and lay part thereof to the fore,
and it will fuck out the venom, and heal up the wound ; but upon the firft dreffing, you /hall give the Horfe Wine and Treacle mixed together to drink. There be other Farriers, which firft give the Horfe Sack and Sal-
let-oil to drink, then with an hot Iron cauterife and burn the fore; and laftly, heal up the wound with the Salve firft recited. Other Farriers fnft give the Horfe two or three* fpoonfuls of
the powder of Diapente, to drink in a pint of Muskadine; then take a live Pidgeon, and cleaving her in the midft, lay it hot to the wound, and it will draw out the venom; then heal the fore with Turpentine and HogVgreafe well molten together. The leaves of Ariftoloch bruifed will take away any poifon. CHAP. CLVII.
Of Hurts done by the Tmks of a Boar.
IF an Horfe be ftricken with the tusks of a Boar, you (hall then
take Copperas or Vitriol, and the powder of a Dog's head,be- ing burned, after the tongue hath been pulled out, and caft away, and mixing them together, apply it once a day to theSore, and it will cure it: Yet, before you drefs it, firft wafhthe fore very well, either with Vinegar, or with White-wine, or Urine. CHAP. CLVlIf.
To heal the biting or flinging of Serpents, or any venomous Beat!
whatfoever.
IF your Horfe be either bitten orftung, either with a Serpent, or
any other venomous Beaft, which yon (hall eafily know by the fudden fwelling either of the body or member; then you fhall firft chafe him up and down until he fweat, and then let him blood in tbe roof of the mouth; and laftly,take a young Cock,or a Pidgeon, and cleaving it in the midft, clap it hot to the wound, and then give the Horfe White-wine and Salt to drink. Other Farriers-take a good quantity of the herb called Sanicula, ftamp k,and temper it together with the Milk of a Gow,tillit be all of one coIotir,3nd give it the Horfe to drink, and it will heal him. Other Farriers clap tQ |
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Lib. i. 0/ Cures Cbirurgkal. 3 27
the fore Hog's-dung, or Ox-dung, or Hen-bane bruifed, or elfe the
afces of Reeds, then give him to drink Mug-wort, or great Tan- fie, and Wine, and Camomil, ftamped together: Or elfe give him Wine and Oleum Rofatuntmixed together. Other Farriers make a Platter of Onions, Honey and Salt, rig-j »
ftamped and mingled together, and lay that to the fore place, a-nd ^"^ give the Horfe Wine and Treacle to drink, or elfe white Pepper, Rue and Thime, mixed with Wine. Other Farriers take Apho- dillus, HaftuU Regia -7 ftamp it with old Wine, and lay it to the lore, for it is molt fovereign good. CHAP. CL1X.
Of Lice and Vermin, and how to kill them.
^"He Lice or Vermin which breed upon an Horfe, be like unto
©eefe-Lice, butfomewhat bigger, and do breed moft com- monly about the Ears, Neck, Mane, Tail, and generally over the Whole body; they do proceed from poverty, or feeding in Woods, where Trees are continually dropping upon them: The figns are> the Horfe will be always rubbing and fcratching^and albeit he eat rouch tneati yet will not profper; and with this continual rubbing, ne will fret and wear away all his Mane and Tail, and you (hall 2«o perceive the Lice, when the Sun doth mine, running on the tops-of the Hairs. The Cure, according to the opinion of the ancient Farriers, is, to take of Soap one pound, and Quick-filver half an ounce; mix and beat them together well, until the Quick- filver be killed,and then anoint the Horfe all over therewith, and lt n* Jconfume tne Lice prefently. Other Farriers take Staves-acre and Soap, and mixing them to*
gether, anoint the Horfe all over therewith. Others take unripe Mulberries, and their roots or ftalks, and feeth them in ftrong urine, and then walh the Horfe therewith; after that,anoint all his ooay over with Sanguis Vraconis, the juice of Leeks, Salt, Pitch, Of-J Sw'ne's Greafe, very well mixed together.
Others ufe to chafe all the body over with Quicksilver and foft ,^-5
weale, mixed together, till the Quicksilver be killed j and in two ^ or three dreffings the Lice will be confumed. |
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U u CHAP.
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j2 8 Of Cures Qmurgcal. Lib. 2.
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CHAP. OX
Movd to fave Horfesfrom the {tinging of Flies in Summer.
IF you will fave your Horfes in the Summer-time from the fling-
ing or biting of Flies, which is very trcublefome unto them, then you {hall anoint all the Horfe's body overjeither with Oil and Bay^berries mingled together, or elfe bind unto the Headstall of his Collar a Spunge dipped in ftrong Vinegar. Some ufe to fprio- kle the Stable with Water wherein Herb of Grafs hath been laid to fteep y or elfe to perfume the Stable with the fmoak of Ivy or Calamint, or with Gith burnt in a pan of Coals. |£f» But the fureft way of all, both in the Stable, and abroad, is, to make two good wifps of Rue, and -therewithal to rub the Horfe's body all over, and no Fly will light upon him, or touch him j as hath been often approved. C HAP. CLXI.
Of Bones being broken, or out of joint.
Cf» /~\Ur common Englifh Farriers are very far to feekin this Cure,
K~J becaufe they do neither perfectly acquaint themfelves with the members ofanHorfe, nor have fo much invention, in this £X? tremity, to make an Horfe, being an unreafonable Creature, to fuffer like a reafonable perfon •, and alfo that in the old Traditions in Horfe-leach-craft affirm, that all Fractures above the Knee are incurable j and fo defpairing, they ceafe to make practice. But tbey are much deceived-, for neither the Fracture above the Knee, nor the Fracture below the Knee, is more incurable in an Horfe, than in Man, if the Farrier can tell how to keep the Horfe fron* ftrugling, or tormenting the member grieved.- If therefore your Horfe haveany bone broken,which is mofteafie
to bedifcerned,by the deprivation of the ufe of that member, and as eafie to be felt, by the feparation of the bones, and one part being higher than the other, befides the roughnefs and inequality of tbc place grieved ; you (hall then, for the Cure thereof, firft take a ftrong double Canvas, which fhall be as broad as from the Horfe's fore-fhoulder, to the flank j and (hall have another double Canvas, which
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Of Cures Ckirurgical. 329
which (hall come from between the Horfe's fore*booths, up to the
top ofthe withers j where meeting with the reft of the Canvas, and having exceeding ftrong loops, to which ftrong ropes muft be faftned,you fliall by main force fling up the Horfe from the ground, jo as his feet may no more but touch the ground: And if it be a foreleg that is broken, then you (hall raife hima little higher be- s fore than behind 5 if an hinder-leg, then a little higher behind than before, fo that the Horfe may reft moft upon the members raoft found.^ When your Horfe is thus flung, then you fhall put the bones into the right place ; which done, wrap it clofe about with unwarned Wool newly pulled from the Sheep's back, binding m fall to the leg with a fmooth Linen Roller, foaked before, in Oil and Vinegar mingled together, and look that your Roller lie as fmooth and plain as may be j and upon that again lay more Wool pipped in Oil and Vinegar, and then fplint it with three broad, ftnooth and ftrong Splints, binding them faft at both ends with a Thong, and in any cafe the Horfe's legs be kept out very ftreight, the fpace of forty days, and let not the bones be loofned above thrice in twenty days, unlefs it fhrink, and fo require to be new dreftahd bound again; but fail not every day once to pour on the fore place, through the fplints, Oil and Vinegar mingled to- gether : And at the forty days end, if you perceive that the bro- ken place be fowdred together again with fome hard knob or gri- lle, then loofe the Bonds, andeafethc Canvas, foas the Horfe may tread more firmly upon his fore-foot; which when he doth, you (hallloofen him altogether, and let him go up and down fair and gently, ufingfrom henceforth to anoint the fore place either with foft Greafe, or elfe with one of thefe Plafters, or Ointments; Take of Spuma argenti, of Vinegar, of each one pound, of Sal- let-oil half a pound, of Armoniack, and of Turpentine, of each three ounces; of Wax, and of Rofin, of each two ounces-, of Bitumen, of Pitch, and of Verdigreafe, of each half a pound; tw t e V'neSar» °i!and Spurn argenti together, until it wax tnick, then put thereunto the Pitch; which being molten, take x\ P°'/rotn tne fire, and put in the Bitumen, without ftirring at all j and that being alfo molten, put in then all the reft; fet the pot again to the fire, and let them boil all together, until they je all united in one ; that done, ftrain it, and make it in Plafter- torm, and ufe it asoccafionmallferve. |
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Uu 2 Other
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o Of Cures Ckirurgical Lib. % \
Other ancient and well experienced Farriers take of liquid
Pitch one pound, of Wax two ounces, of the purelt and fineft part of Frankincenfe one ounce, of jimoniacnm four ounces, of dryRofin, and of Galbanum, of each one ounce, of Vinegar two pints j boil firft the Vinegar and Pitch together, then put in the jimoma&nm, diflblved firft in Vinegar; and after that, the aforefaid Drugs; and after they have boiled all together, and be united in one, drain it, and make it into a Plafter, and ufe it according to occafion. Other Farriers take of old Sallet-oila quart, and put thereun-
to of Hog's Greafe, of Sfuma Nitri, of each one pound, and let them boil together until it begin to blub above; then take it from the fire: And when you ufe any of the Ointment, let it be very hot and well chafed in, and tfiei} one of the two former pla- fters folded above it; and it is moft fovereign and comfortable for any bone that is broken. CHAP. CLXII.
Of Bones out of joint.
IF an Horfe have any of his Bones out of the joint, as either his
Knee, his Shoulder, hisPaftern, or fuch like; which you (hall perceive both by the uncomlinefs of the joint, and alio feel by the hollownefs of the member that is difplaced; then your readieft Cure is, tocaftthe Horfe on his back, and putting four ftrong Patterns on his feer, draw him up fo as his back may no more but touch the ground, then draw the grieved leg higher than the ren\ till the poife and weight of his body have made the joint to moot into its right place again \ which you (hall know when it doth, by a fudden and great crack which the joint will give when it falleth into the true place; then with all gentknefs loofe the Horfe, and let him rife i and then anoint the grieved place, either with the laft Ointment rehearfed in the laft Chapter, or elfe with the Oil of Mandrake, or the Oil of Swallows j both which are of moft fovereign virtue. |
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CHAP-
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chirurgicd. 331
C H A P. CLXHI.
To dry tif Humours, or to bind \ being aftrittivt, er binding Charges.
^fAke of Vngttmum Tripharmacum, made of Litharge, Vinegar;
take old Oil ,boiled till they be thick-, only take as much Oil as
of both the others; and it will ftop and flay the flux of any humors.
If you take ftrong Lee, it is a great drier and binder of humors.
Diflblve in Vinegar, Rofin, Afphalto and Myrrh, of each an
ounce, of red Wax half an ounce, and of Armoniack half an ounce,
mingle them well together in the boiling •, for this Salve drieth
wonderfully, bindeth all loofe members, and comforteth all parts
that are weakned.
Takeof Lard two pound, and when it is fodden, ftrain it with
three ounces of Cerufs, and as much Alum melted •, and it both drieth and bindeth exceedingly. Dry Eigs, beaten with Alum, Muftard and Vinegar, do dry
abundantly. Oil and foftGreafe beaten to a Salve, with Vitriol, Galls and
Alum, and the powder of Pomegranates, Salt and Vinegar, both dry and bind fufficiently. Soap and unQack'd Lime mixed together, drieth perfectly after
any Incilion. Verdigreafe, Orpiment, Sal armoniack, and the powder of Co-
loquintida, of each a-like, made into a Plafter, with Milk or Wax, drieth and bindeth. The Greafe of Snakes roafted, the head and tail being cut away,
is agreat drier. To conclude, The Bark of a Willow-tree burnt to alhes,is as a
great drier, and binder, as any Simple whatfoever. CHAP. CLX1V.
A Plafter to dry up fuperflnout Moijlure, and to bind Parts loofntd, •pAke of Bitumen one pound, of the pureft part of Frankincenfe
three ounces, of Bdellium jirabicum one ounce, of Deer's Suet
one pound, of Fopukum one ounce, of Calbanum one ounce, cf the
drops of Storax one ounce, of common Wax one pound, ofRefin
Cabial
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x%z Of Cures Chirurgkal. Lib. 2.
Cabial half a pound, r*/«# /^/jcw one ounce and an half, of Apo-
xima one ounce, of the juice of Hyflbp one ounce, of the drops of Armoniack one ounce, of Pitch half a pound ; let all thefe be well and perfectly molten, diflblved and incorporated together accor- • ding to Art, and then make a Plafter thereof. CHAP. CLXV.
Another Plafter to dry up any Swelling, Wind-gdl^lent^ Or Bladdersy
in or about the Joints. TAkeof Virgin's Wax half a pound, of Rofin one pound and a
quarter, otGalbammovxi ounce and an half, of Bitumen half a pound of Myrrh Secundary one pound, of Armoniack three ounces of Coftus three ounces; boil all thefe things together in an earthen pot, faving the Armoniack and Coftus; which beingfirft ground like fine Flour, mult be added unto the other things, af- ter that they have been boiled and cooled, and then boiled all to- gether again, and well ftirred, fo as they may be incorporated .together, and made all one fubftance,and then applying as occaflon |
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{hall be adminiftred.
CHAP. CLXVI.
Receits to dijjolve Humours.
«Ake of Wormwood, Sage, Rofemary, and the bark of an
^ Elm, or of a Pine, of each a good quantity, and boil them in Oil, with a good quantity of Linfeed, and make a Bath" thereof 5 bathe the grieved part, and it wiH diflblve any humours that are gathered or bound together. A pound of Figs, ftamped with Salt, till they come to a perfect
-Salve, diflblveth all manner of humours, by opening the pores,and giving a large paflage. |
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CHAP.
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Ckirurgkal. 33?
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CHAP. CLXV1I.
Hote to mollifie any hardnefs. TAke of Linfeed punn'd,and ofFenugreekiof each four ounces -,
of Pitch and Roiin, of each three ounces; of the flowers of Rofes two ounces. Pitch of Greece three ounces * boilthem toge* ther, then add three ounces of Turpentine, fix ounces of Honey, and alittleOil; and then applying the Salve, it will mollifie and foften any hard fubftance. Malvavifco well fod, and ftamped with Oleum Rofamm, being
laid hot to any hardnefs will make it foft. Boil Branck-Urfine and Mallows together, and beat them with
Oil and Lard, and they will foften much. Malvavifco, Cole-worts, Branck-Urfine, Herb of the Wall, and
old Greafe pounded, doth mollifie very much. TheOilofCyprefsbothmollifiethand healeth.
Wheat-meal, Honey, Pellitory,Branck-urfine and the leaves ol
Worm-wood, beiugbeaten with Swine's Greafe, and lai&hotunto any hard tumour, doth fuddenly mollifie it, and is pairing good for any ftripe alfo. , , Greafe, Muftard-feed and Cummin boiled together, doth mol-
lifie very much. , Take of Soap half an ounce, of unilack"d Lime an ounce, and
mix them well with ftrong Lee, and it will mollifie even the har- dejl hoofs. , The juics of the leaves and roots of Elder, or a Plafter made
thereof, doth drv up and mollifie humours marvelloufly. So doth the juice of the tops of Cyprefs,anddry Figs,macerated
in Vinegar, and ftrained, of each three ounces: And if you_add to it of Salt-Niter one ounce, of Armoniack half an ounce, ot Aloes and Opoponax a little, and make it into an Ointment, it will mollifie any hardnefs very fufEciently. . Mallows, Nettles, Mercorella, and the roots of Cucumbers, and
old Turpentine, being beaten together with old Greafe , will wollifie any hardnefs fpeedily. |
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CHAP.
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334 Of Cures Cbirttrgicd. Lib. 2«
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CHAP. CLXVIU.
To harden any Softnefs.
HTHe Sole of any old Shooe burnt, and fodden in Vinegar, will
harden Hoofs; and fo will alfo the powder of Galls, boiled with Bran and Salt, in ftrong Vinegar. / The powder of Honey and Lime, or the powder of Oifter-
fhells, or the powder of a burnt Felt, or thick Cream and Soot mixed together, will harden any fore whatfoever. C H A P. €LXIX.
To conglutinatc.
IRis Illyrica beaten and lifted, mingled with Pepper, Honey,
Currants, and given the Horfe to drink with Wine and Oil, helpeth and conglutinateth any inward Rupture or Burftnefs whatfoever. Dragant, Saffron, the fruit of the Pine, with the yolks of Eggs,
given likewife to drink with Wine and Oil, doth alfo congluti- nate any inward member or vein broken, Incenfe, Maftick, and cut, doth the like alfo. Poligano fod in
Wine, and given to drink, is good alfo. The roots and feed of Afparagus, fod in Water, and given to
the Horfe*, then after, for three days, give him Butter and Opo- ponax, with Honey and Myrrh', and it will conglutinatc any inward Ulcer or Rupture whatfoever. CHAP. CLXX.
To mmdifie and cleanfe any Sore,
TAke Oil of Olives, Swine's Greafe clarified, the Greafe of a
young Fox, Turpentine, Alum, and white Wax; feeth them all together, till they be raoft throughly incorporated toge- ther ; and with this Ointment drefs any foul fore whatfoever,and it will mundifie and cleanfe it moft fufficiently. CHAPr
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3 J-f*
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Lib. 2. Of CuresCbirurgical. 335
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C HAP. CLXXI.
Ofreperctttfive Medicines, or fuch as drive back Humours.
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Epercuffive medicines, or fuch as drive evil humours back,are
commonly called amongft Farriers, Platters, or Salvers de- |
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fenfadve, and are to be ufed about every great Wound or Ulcer,
left the flux of humours flowing to the weak part, both confound the medicines, and breed more dangerous Exulcerations. Now of thefc Repercuffive medicines, thefearethe belt* either Vine- gar, Salt and Bole-Armoniack, beaten together, andfpread round about the fore ; or elfe White Lead and Sallet-oil, beaten alio to- gether i or Red Lead and Sallet-oil i or elfe Vnguentum Album Camfboratutn, and fuch like. CHAP. CLXXII.
Of burning Comfofuions.
Burning Compofitions are for the molt part CorrouVes, of
which we fliall have occaiion to fpeak more at large maUia- P r lollowingi yet forafmuch as fome are of better temper than ot!lers, you (hall here underftand, that of all burning compofitions, the gentleftis Vngumtum Jpofiohrm i next to it, is Verdigreale and Hog's Sre3fe beaten together •, next to it, is Precipitate and Turpentine mixed together ; next to it, is Arfnick, allayed witti any Oil, or healing Salve i next to it, is Mercury fublirnate, IiIce- wife allayed with fome cooling Salve; and the worfl is Lime and Soap, or Lime and ftrong Lee beaten together, for they will cor- rode and mortifie the founded part or member whatfoever. CHAP. CLXXIII.
For all manner of Hurts about: an Horfevshxifoever. TAkeanounceofOil,two ounces of Turpentine, andalittle
Wax, mingle them at the fire : This will heal any Wound or Gall, and keep it cleanfrom filth, water and dirt. Take Vinegar and Honey.andboil it together-, when it is cold,
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■■■■"
336 Of Cures Qnrwgical. Lib. 2.
add the powder of Verdigreafe, Copperas and Brafs burnt, mingle
them well together: This will take.away; all ill and dead flefh, and cleanfe and heal any old Ulcer. , Take Wax,PitchJ>wine's Greafeahd Turpentine,and mix them
well together: This will heal any bone, fpell, or any other ftub. Take Houfe-fnails, and feeth them in Butter, and they will
draw out any Thorn or Kail, being often renewed. So will alfo the roots of Reeds, being bniifedand applied. The roots of an Elder, beaten to powder, and boiled with
Honey, is good for any old Sore whatfbever. Take Salt, Butter and Honey, or white Wax, Turpentine and
0)1-Rofat urn, ofeach a likequantity, with twice as much Bean-flour as of any of the other.-, mix it very well together, and make it into a Salve, and it will heal any Sore, either old or new, whatfbever. Take Wax, Turpentine and Deer s Suet, or the Marrow of 3
Stag, and mix them well together, and it will heal any Wound, or any Impoffume whatfoever: So will alfQ Wax, Oil, Maftick, Frankincenfe and Sheep's Suet, well molten together; or the powder of Maftick, Frankincenfe and Aloes, mixed and molten well together. The Whites of Eggs, beaten with Oleum Rofatum and Salt, and
fo laid upon Flax-hurds, healeth any Wound that is not in any principal part, where the Mufcles are. If you will purifie,deanfe and heal any old Sore, take three pints
of well clarified Honey, and boil it with one pint of Vinegar, and one of Verdigreafe, and fo apply it: Orelfe, take of Maftick and Verdigreafe, ofeach half an ounce; ofFrankincenfeone ounce, of new Wax four ounces,of Turpentine fix ounces,and of Hog 'sGreafe two pound; boil and incorporate all thefe together, and then ap- ply it to the fore place, and it will both cleanfe, purifie and heal. Chick weed, Groundfel, Graife and ftail Urine, very well boi-
led together, will heal any galling or hurts by Halter, or other accident* or any ftrain, or ftripe, orfwelling, whichcometh by any ftch like mifchance. Take of new Milk three quarts,agood handful of Plantain; let
it boil till a pint be confumed-, then add'three ounces of Alum made into powder, and one ounce and an half of white Sugar-candy made likewife into powder, then let it bqil a little, tillithavean hard curd,then ftrain it 5 with this warm,bathe any oldUker,then dry it,5P.d lay on fome Vngitmtum Bajilicon. This cleanfeth, dri- |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chirurgical. -■ ? ? 7
eth, ftrengthneth and killeth the Itcfa, and healeth the fouleft Ul-
cer, either in Mr,:, or Beaft, that may he. Alfo, if you take of Milk a quart,of Alum in powder two ounces, of Vinegar a fpoon- fui j when; the Milk doth feeth, put in the Alum and Vinegar, then take off the Curd, and ufe the reft, and it will likewife dry up and heal any foul old Sore whatfoever. CHAP. CLXXIV.
How to make the Powder of Homy and Lime.
fAkefuch a quantity of unflack'd Lime as you fhall think fit,beat
it inco very fine powder; then take fo much Honey as fhall fuffice to mingle it together, and make it into a very ftiff pafte, in the form ofa thick Cake, or Loaf; then put the fame Cake or Loaf into an hot Oven, or a burning fire, till it be baked, or burnt glowing red i then take it forth, and when it is cold, beat it into ^ry fine powder, and then ufe it as occafion fhall ferve. It drietb, nealeth and skinneth any Sore whatfoever very marveloufly. CHAP. CLXXV.
The Order of taking uf of'Veins, andwhereforeit is good.
Flrft, before we fpeak of the order of taking up of Veins,you fhall
underftand,thatall Veins,exceptiheNeck veins,the Eye-veins, the Breaityeins,Palate-veins,and the Spur-veins,aretobe taken up, and not Uricken with the Fleamjpartly becaufe they are fo little and thin, thac if you ftrike them,you fhall either endanger the finking thorough them i or partly becaufe they are fo near adjoining to Arteries ;nd Sinews, that if, in ftriking, you fhoulu hit and prick «Uher Artery or Sinew, it were a prefenc laming of the Horfe, as I nave oftentimes feen and noted in the practice of many ignorant F fh *v°W tcmcmn§ the order of taking up of a Vein, it is thus.
Hrlt, You fhall call your Horfe either upon fome foft ground,
grais, fome dung-hill that is not very moift, or in fome light!ome > nou.e,upongooditoreoffWeetfi;raw ; then,when the Horfe is thus calt, > ou fhall look for the Vein which you intend to take up; and ir *u Elther fo imaU»or lie fo deeP>tnat you can hardly perceive
1 tnen yo» .&ali, with warm Water, rub, chafe and bathe X x 2 all
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11$ Of Cures Ch'iwgicd Lib. 2.
all that part where the vein lieth ; then take a narrow filk garther,
and an handful or two above the vein (if it be of any of the Horfe's legs) garther the member very ftreight: But if it be a vein to be taken upon the body or breaft, then with a good furfingle, either clofe behind the hinder point of the (houlder, or within an handful of the place where you mean to take up the vein, gird him very ftreight,and prefently you fhall {ee the vein to arife -7 then mark that part of the skin which covereth the vein, and with your finger and your thumb, pull it fomewhat afide from the vein, and then, with a very fine Inciilon-knife, flit the skin clean through,without touching the vein, and in any wife cut no deeper than through the skin, and that long-wife too, in fuchfortas the vein goeth,yet not above an inch at the moil in length; that done, remove your fin- ger and your thumb, and the skin will return again into its place, right over the vein, as it was before, infomuch that but opening theorifice or flit, you /hall fee the vein lie blew and bare before your eyes; then take a fine fmooth Cronet, made-either of the Browantler of a Stag, or of an old Buck, and thruft it underneath the vein, and lift it up a pretty diftance (that is to fay, half the thicknefs of the Gronet) above the skin \ that done, you fhall then loofe either the Garther or Surfingle, for they are but only helps for you. to find out the vein ; and when the. vein doth appear, have afpecial care that you touch not thefinews. Now when you have thus taken your vein upon your Cronet.
you fhall then either put a red filk thread, dipp'd in Oil of Butter, or elfe a final] Shoe-maker's thread underneath the vein alfo,fome- what higher than the Cronet, which filk or thread muft ferve to knit the vein when time requires-, then the Cronet Handing ftiH as before, with your Knife flit the top of the vein long-wife, the length of a Bariey-cornj that if may bleed ; then flopping the ne- ther part of your vein with the fiik,or the thread, fuffer it to bleed from above-, then with your filk or thread removed above, knit it faft with a flare knot above the flir, fuffering it only to bleed from, beneath ? and'having bled there alfo fufficiently, then knit up the vein beneath the flit with a fure knot, then fill the hole of the vein ~ with Salt, and heal up the wound of the skin with Turpentine and Hog's greafe molten together, or elfe with a little freiir-Botter, . laid on with a little Flax, or foft Tow, is fufficient, Now the virtue which redounds from this taking up cf veins;
,firfl,it is very neceflary, and doth eafc all ?.rkh, grams and ftifF- |
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Lib. 2. OfCures Lhirurgical 339
nefs of the limbs; for the taking up of the plat-veins eafeth all
pains in the breaft, and griefs in the cheft: The taking up of the fore-thigh-veins eafeth Farcies, and fwellings of the legs: The ta- king up of the (hackle-veins before, helpeth Gourding, Quitter- bones, and the fwelling of the joints, fcabs and Scratches:. The ta- king up of the hinder hough-veins, helpeth Spavens of both kinds •, moft efpecially,any Farcy in thofeparts-, and general!y,all Swel- lings, or Impoftumes : The taking up of the pattern-veins behind, helpeth fwelling about the Cronet, or nether joints, Pains, Mules, and all manner of Kibed Heels •, befides fundry other fuch like difeafes. CHAP. CLXXVI.
Of Cauteriz.ing, ergiving the Fire, the Kinds and Vfes.
THe giving of Fire, which, among the beft Farriers, is called
Cauterizing \ and amongft the Ampler, Burning,Searing, or Bliftering •, is (according to the general opinion of all the moft ancient Farriers J the chiefeft Remedy, and,, as it were, the laft re- fuge of all difeafes incident to any Horfe's body, whether they be natural or accidental •, for the violence of fire feparatisg and dige- sting all manner of humours into a thin air,and loofebody,cleanfeth and avoideth thofe grofiheiTes which are the material caufes of Pu- trefaction and Ulceration. Now of Cauterization there be two kinds j the one of them aftual, which is that which is done by the hand, and with the Instrument i that is to fay, of the hot Iron, of whatfalhion foever •, the other potential, which is done by the applying of a Medicine, whofe nature is either Corrofive, Putre- faaive,orCauftick. , . .
Now the firft of thefe, which is the Cauterize aftual, is princi-
pally to be ufed when there is any Apoftumation in any fir.ew,part, or member, or amongft any of the moft principal veins; alfo when you (hall difmember or cut away any joint, or make any inciiioo, where there is fear of any Flux of Blood, or where you (hall find either the skin or mufcles (hrunkor ftraitned •, and in many fuch like cafes. The Cauterizing potential is to be ufed in old cankered Ulcer f,
Wens,or any fpungy excretions, either of flefh or bone wliatfo- ever \ of whole natures ar.d properties you (hall read more here- after, in a following Chapter. CHAR
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540 - Of Cures Cbirurgkal. Lik ^.
c H a p. clxxvii.
Of the Cauterize aSlud, and the form of Inftruments.
A Nadual Cautery according to the opinion of the moll ancient
-•*"* Farriers, being moderately ufed, is a notable remedy to Hod ail corruption in members, to keep perfect the complexion of the fan e,and alfoftajich the blood j only you mull have a careful regard that in the handling of your Iron, you touch neither Sinews, Ten- dons, Cords, nor Ligaments, left you do utterly difable the 'mem- ber, or breed Cramps or Convullions ; except it be when youdif- rnemberorcut away any joint; as when you do make Curtals geld Horfes,or fuch like ; and then your Cautery is to be ufed only to fear the Veins,Sinews,and Ligaments.till fuch time that you are perfectly allured that all flux of blood is Hopped whatfoever. Now again,the adtual Cautery bindeth together parts loofened
it doth attenuate things blown and puffed up, it drieth up Tuper- •fiuous moifture,it both loofeneth,difperfeth and divideth evil mat- ter gathered into knots, it afl'wageth old griefs, it reftifieth thofe parts of the body that are corrupted by anv manner of wav, redu- cing them to their firfl perfeft eftate, and fufFereth no abundance of evil humours to grow or increafe j for the skin being fepara- tcd and opened with the hot Iron, al] putrefaction whatfoever* through the virtue of the fire, is firft digefted and ripened and then fo diflblved, that the matter doth iflueout abundantly at the holes, whereby the grieved or fickned member is now healed, and eafed of all pain and grief; yea, and infomuch that the holes being once dofed, and.clofe (hut up, the place is ftronger, and better knit together, and covered with-a tougher and harder skin than ever it was before: Only the greatefr. blemiihthat can any way be found in Cautery is, that it commonly leaveth a great fear, which is many times an eye-fore more than is tolerable ; and therefore the ufe of Cauterizing is only to be preferred, but in defperate ca- fes cf great extremity \ for, albeit it works foul, yet 1 am per- fwaded it is moft certain, and it works moftfure. Now as touching the Inftruments wherewith you muft cauterize,
their fubJlance and proportioji,you fhall underftand, t.h?t the moft curiousfarriers do prefer either Gold or Silver to be the beft metal •to make them of, in that few or no evil accidents do follow where they burn; But the wifeft, bsft and moft skilful Farriers take Copper
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... __________ ........;.
Of Cures Cbirurgkal. 3 41
Copper to be fufficient enough, and a metal without any lawful
exception j yet where Copper Instruments cannot be had, there you may, with commendations enough, ufe fuch instruments as are made of Iron, and find your work nothing at all hindred. Now for the fafhion or proportion of your initruments or Irons,
they are only to be referred to the Sore, or place grieved, where- with you are to meddle; according to the diversity whereof, your initruments are to be made of divers fafhipns: As, fome are to be made Knife-wife, either with thin edges, or broad edges; and they be called Drawing knives, or Searching-knives, becaufethey are principally employed in the drawing of ftreight lines, (hallow or deep, and Sometimes in circular, or divers fquares. Some are made like ftreight, and fome like crooked Bodkins \ and they are employed either in fleflfy Excretions, to caufe Exulcerations •, or elfe Impoftumes, to or^en fmall paffages for the Matter. Some are made like Hooks, or Sickles •, and they are to be ufed, where the Wound is crooked, for the burning out of dead flelh, or fuch like hidden evils, which cannot be reached by any ftreight Initruments. Others are made either with great Buttons, or little Buttons at the end \ and they ar,e ufed to open impoftumes, or elfe to bum into the found flefh, where you intend to make any new Sore or Iuue, for the drawing, or keeping back of other evil humours. And. in making of thefe Irons, the Farriers own Judgment is to be °* great value, becaufe he muit either increafe or diminiih them, according to the manner of the place grieved ■■, and be fure that he ever make them fit for his right purpofe. Now for the ufe of thefe Instruments, there are two principal
things to be regarded, firlt, the heating of the Iron-, and next, the true temper, or bearing of the Farrier's hand. Touching the heating of the Iron, you (hall underStand,that the
back of the Iron mult never be fo hot as "the edge; that is to fay,, you mult never make the back of the Iron red hot, for fear that thereby it yield too much heat, and consequently breed Inflamma- n : Therefore, whenfoever you fee the back of your Iron as hot
as the edge, you Shall a little cool it with Water, - Now for the temper of the bearing of your hand,you (hall under- hand, that the more evenly and light it is' done, fo mocb the better it is done: And herein is to be confidered the finenefs or thicknefs Pi the Horfe'sskin, which you (hall know moil commonly by h;3 Pair; for if it be Shorx-andfine, tb&ffthe skin is thin •, if it be Ion- and rough, then is his skin thick and boisterous, . Now |
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Of Cures Chimrgical.
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Lib. i.
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34*
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Now the skin that is fine mufb be cauterized or feared with a ve-
ry light hand,in as much as the skin is fo foon pierced through; and the thick skin with a heavy hand •, and both of them with fuch a tempered hand,that the skin mult no more but look yellow;wher£- in you fhall ever find,that the fine skin will fooner look yellow,than the thick skin j the main reafon being, becaufe the thicknefs and roughnefs of the hair of the thick skin doth cool and choak the heaE of the Iron ; inlbtuuch that if it be not laid to with a more heavy hand, and the inftrument fo much the more and the oftner heated, it cannot work that effecl: which in Art it fhould do. Now you (ball alfo obferve,that in drawing of any Line,or other
Cauterize whatfoever, that you ever draw with the hair,and never againffc the hair, whether the Lines be fhort, long, deep, fhallow, iireight,crooked,or over- th war t,according as the griefdothrequire. Now,to conclude, you are to obferve, in Cauterizing,thefe few
precepts: Firft, that you do not give fire .to any finewy place,ex- .cept there be fome apparent fwelling, orelfeiinpoftumation. Se- condly,tbat you give not fire to any bone that is broken, or out of joint,for fear of breeding a general weaknefs in the whole member Thirdly, never to give the fire fodeep,or fuffer your hand to he fo* heavy,that you may mif fhape or deform the Horfe, either by unne- eeflary figures, or uncomely skars. Fourthly, not to be tooraih or hafty in giving fire,as if every Cure was to be wrought by that pra- ctice only (as 1 know fome very well reputed Farriers hold opinion) but only to attempt all others good means before-, and when all hope elfe is defperate, then to make the fire your laffc refuge, as an extremity that mull prevail, when all other practices do perifh. Laftly, I would not have you, like the foolifh Farriers, which
know nothing, utterly to contemn and neglect it, asifitwereufe- ■lefs v but with all moderation, and judicious difcretion, to apply"^ it in fit timeand place. So the poor Horfe may gain eafe, your felf good reputation, and the owner profit; which is ruofl: cer* tain, as long as you are governed by wifdom. C HAP. CLXXVIH.
>OfCintcriz.e by Medicine^ which isUanierize-potential.
'He potential Cauterize, or fearing of the flefii by medicine,
is (as I faid before) when the medicines sre either corrolive, putiefedivc
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Of Cures Cbirurgical. 3.4?
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Putrefactive, or Gauftick, Corrofive,aswhen they do corrode,rot,
gnaw, and fret the flefli. Putrefactive, when they do corrupt the complexion of the member, and do induce a main Scar like dead fleih, caufing infinite pain, in fuch fort, that they are often accom- panied with Fevers and Mortality, and therefore are not to be ad- miniftred, but to ftrong bodies, and in very ftrong difeafes; and Cauftick, which is as much to fay as burning,when the operation is 10 ftrong, that it inclineth, and cometh neareft to the nature of »te, and fo burnetii and confumeth whatsoever it toucheth. Now thefe potential Cauterizes do exceed and excel one another
by certain degrees, as thus: The Corrofives are weaker than the putrefaftives,and the Putrefactives are weaker than the Caufticks • the Corrofives work upon the upper part in the foft flelh, the Pu- trefactives in the depth of the hard flefh, and the Caufticks have power to break skin found or unfound, both in hard and foft fle(h, and that very deeply alfo. Now of Corrofives fomebe fimple,andfome be compound:The
fimple Corrofives are Roch Allum, burnt, or unburnt, the Spunge of the Seafomewhat burnt, Lime, red Coral, and the powder of Mercury, the (havings of an Ox or Hart's-horn, Precipitate, Verdi? greafe, and fuch like. The compound Corrofives are, black Sope and Lime, Vnguemum Jpoftolvrumy and Vnguentum Egyptwum, and Vnguentum Caraceptm, and many fuch like: And thefe are to be ap- tL1""0 ^ores> Ulcers, or Excretions, after they are Corroded.
The Putrefactivesare Arfnick, either white or yeliow,Refalgar,
or any Medicine compounded with any of them; befides, Sanda- racha, Chryfocolla, and Acomtum. Now if you would have your Putrefactive Medicines tebecau-
Itive, that is, breeding a great Scar, and hot in the fourth degree: 1 hen they are unflackd Lime, and the burned dregs of wine; and theie are to be ufed to Carbuncles, Cankers and Amburies. The Cauftick Medicines are thofe which are madeof ftrong Lee,
called Capttellutn, or Magiftra, of Vitriol Roman, Sal niter, Aq<**» pnuy Ajinm^ Cantharides, Ciclamine,Onions, ftrong Garlick, Ms* Unacardium, theftones or grains of Briony, and many fuch like. Now in condufion, I would wifh every diligent Farrier/eldom
or never toufe eitherArfnick,Refalgar,orMercury fublimate,fimply or tneralelves,but rather to allay them (if the fubftance whereon tney are to work be very great) with Vnguentum Apofiolomnrjmt if it be very httle,then with Hog's greafe,Turpentme,or fuch like. And Y y thus
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344 Of ^ure$ QlirurPca^" Lib. 2.
thus much for this potential Cauterizing, and the proper ufes.
CHAR CLXX1X.
Of the rowelling of Horfes^ and the ufe thereof,
THe rowelling of Horfes, is, arnongft our ignorant and fitnple
.Smiths, the molt ordinary and general Pra&ice of all other whatfoever, infomuch that not any Diiesfe can almoft be found about a Horfe,either how flight or great foever it be, but prefently without any reaion or fenfetherefore, they will rowel himfor the fame; whereby they not only put the Horfe to a needlefs torment, but aifo bring down (now and then,) fuch a flux of naughty hu- mours, that they lame the Horfe, which otherwife would be per- fectly found.Butitisnot my Theam to difpute of thofe ignorances; only this I muft fay of Rowelling, it is a practice as necefi'ary and commendable for the good eftate of a Horfe's Limbs,and Body, as any medicine whatfoever,ib it be applied in his due time, and in his due place : Or.herwifeon the contrary part, it is contrary to all goodnefs. The helps which are got by^Rowelling, are thefe; it feparateth
and diflblveth all evil Humours, which either through natural or unnatural corruptions are gathered and knit together in any one place,hindring the office of any member, or deforming the body by any fuperfluity or evil fubffance \ it loofenetb thofe parts which are bound, and bindeth thofe parts that are weakned ; it giveth ftrength unto fick joints^ andcomforteth whatfoever is opprefled with any coldflegm, or hot' cholerick iubffcance : The general ufe of Rowelling, is either' for inward (trains, efpecially about the (boulders or hips, or eife- for great hard iwepings, which will not be mollified or corroded by any outward medicine,which , is either Plafter or Unguent, for you mall understand, thaS when a Horfe receivethany ftrain or bruife, either in the upper joints of his (boulder* or his hips, which joints do not ftand one upon another, as the lower joints do, but they go one into ano- ) ther, as the one end of the Marrow- bone into the pot of the Spade- ' bone,and the other end into the pot of the Elbow,, which is a double bone: Now as I fay, when a bruife is received in the*e parts, if by prefent, application of hot and comfortable medicines* the grief bfe not taken away, then eft-foons there gathers between tbs pot and the bone,; a certain bruifed jellyj.wbich continually of- fending
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chirurgical. 14 5
fending the tender Griftle which covers the end of every bone,
makes theHorfes to halt vehemently, and then is this corrupt mat- ter not to be taken away by any outward medicine,but by Rowel- ling only i and as 1 fpake of the (boulder, To I fpeak of the hips, alfo, where the upper thigh4x>ne,goeth into the pot of the cannel- bone, and there breeds the like Infirmity.. Now for the manner of Rowelling it is in this fort. Firft-, when you have found out the certain place of the Horfe's grief,as whether it be on the fore-pitch of the (houlder,on the hinder Elbow, or on the Hip, then you flail Xhaving c'aft the Horfe upon fome Dung- hill, or foft ground) make a little flit more than a good handful below the place of his grief through the skin, and no more, fo big as you may well thnift ma Swan's quill into the fame : Then with your Cronet raile the. skin a little from the flefh, and then put In your quill, and blow all the skid from the flefh upward, even to the top,and all over the Moulder: Then flopping the hole with your finger and your thumb, takea fmall Hazel4tick,and all to beat the blown place all overhand then with your hand fpread the Wind into every part,and after let itgo:TheritakeaTampinof Horfe-hairtwoundtogether, orwhich is better ,of red Sarfenet,half the bignefs of a man's little finger,and about a footer fixteen inches in length, putting it into your Row* elling needle, which would be at the leaft feven or eight inches long-, thruft it in at the firft hole,and fo putting it upward, draw ^ out again at lead fix inches above -7 and then, if you pleafe^ you may put in another above that •• And then tye the two ends oi the tampins or rowels together, and move and draw them to and fro in the skin, in any wife not forgetting, both before you put them in, and every day after they are in, to anoint them well with Butter, Hog's greafe v or Oil deBay. Now there be other Farriers, which in that they are opiniated,
that thefe longrowels, or tampins of hair or filk, do make both a «^3 double fore, and a great Tear, therefore they make their rowels of round pieces of ftirf Leather, fuch as is the upper part of an old fhooe, with a round hole in the middeft, accor- r—. dingtothis form: And then doubling it when they put (QJ It m, as foon as it is within, to fpread it, and lay it flat \~* between chjtfleffi'aad the skin, and foas the whole of the Rowel may anfwer juft with the hole that is made in the horfe's skin-7 and then once in two or three days to cleanfe the Rowel, and to anoint it, andfo put it in again. Y y 2 Other
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^6 Of Cures Chirurgtcal Lib. x.
Other Farriers do ufe to mate the Rowel of Lanthorn-horn, in
the fame faftuon as is made of Leather, and in like fort to ufe it. But for mine own part, I have ufed them all, and truly in my practice find not any better than another: Only the Leather or the horn isfomewhat more cleanly, and lefs ofFenfiytto the Eye, yet they ask much more attendance. Now if you do Rowel your Horfe for any fwelTihg,. then yoa
fiiall ever put in your long Rowel the fame way that the veins run, and feldom or never CrojV*wife, and the. more you blow the skin for a fwelling^fo much the better it is: For the wind isit which only occafioneth Putrefaction, and makes thefefeftred humours to diflblve, and diftil down from the fecret hollows of the joints, in- . to thefeopen places, where.it falleth away, in matter, and fo the. Beaft becomes cured.. . CHAP. CLXXX;
How to geld Horfes or Gblts.
T Here is to beobferved in the gelding of Horfes, firft,the Age»
Secondly, the feafon of the year: And laftly, the flate of the Moon. For the age, if it be a Colt, you may geld; him at nine days old, or fifteen, if his ftones be come down : For to fpeak the truth, the fooner that you geld him, it is fo much the better, both for his growth, (hape, and courage: Albeit, fome hold opinion, that at two years old fhould be the fooneft, but they are miftaken, their reafons are weak therein. Now if it be a Horfe that-you would geld,then there is no fpeech
to be made of hisage: For it is without any queftion,that a perfect Farrier may geld a Horfe without danger at any age whatfoever, being careful in the cure. Now for the Seafon of the year, the belt is in the Spring,between >
jlpril and -May, or in the beginning of June at the fartheft, or eUe about the fall of the Leaf, which is the latter end of September. Now for the ftate of the Moon, the fitteft time is ever when the
Moon is in the Wane ; as touching the manner of Gelding it is in this forr,whether-it be a Foal, Colt, or Horfe: Firft, you ihaU catt him cither upon flraw, or upon fome dunghil: Then taking the ftone between your foremoft finger, and your great finger, yoU fiiall with a very, fine incifioi} Knife Hit the Cod, fo that youmay preis
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Cbirurgical. 347
prefs the ftone forth, and no more r Then with a pair of fmall
Nippers, made either of Steel, Box-wood, or Brafil, being very finooth, and clap the firings of the ftone between them, very near unto the fetting on of the ftone, and prefs them fo hard, that there way be no flux of blood: Then with a thin drawing Cauterizing Iron made red hot, fear away the ftoncj then take a hard Plafter naade of Rofin, Wax and wafht Turpentine well molten together, and with your hot Iron melt it upon the head of the firings: Then fear th» firings, and then melt more of the Salve, till fuch time as you have laid a good thicknefs of the Salve upon the. ftrings.-Tben loofe the Nippers,and as you did fo with that flone,fo do with the other alfo: Then fill thetwo flitsof the Cod with white Salt, and anoint all the outfides-of the Cod,and all over the Horfe's belly and thighs with Hog's-greafe dean rendered, and fo let him rife.- And keep him either in fome very warm flable, or other wife in fome yery warm paflure, where he may walk up and down; for there 1S "°thing better for a Horfe in this cafe, than moderate exercife. Now if after the gelding you do perceive that his God and (heath doth fwell in any extraordinary, faihion, then youfhall chafe him; up and down, and make him trot an hour in a day, and it will foon, recover him, and makehinvfound without any impediment, CHAP. CLXXXI..
Of the making of Curtails, or cutting off the tails of Horfes*
jT/He Curtailing of Horfes is ufed in no Nation whatfoever, fo
much as in this Kingdom of ours,by reafon of much Carriage, and heavy burthens which our Horfes continually areexercifed and emPloved withal,and the rather,fith, we are ftrongly opinionated,, that the taking away of thofe joints doth make the Horfes chine or back a great deal ftronger, and more able to fupport a burthen, as m truth it doth, and we daily find it by continual experience. Now for the manner of Curtailing of Horfes, it is in this lort ••
tint you (hall with your finger and your thumb gv ope till you nnd the third joint from the fetting on of the Horfe's tail, and having found it, raife up all the hair, and turn it backward: Then fa™8-a ywy ftnalLftrong Cord,wrap it about that: joint, and pull it both with your own ftrength and another raan's,fo ftreight as yon; can pomble pull it.-Then wrapt it about again,and draw it as ftreight |
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or-
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.48 Of Cures Cbmrgical.x Lib.
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orTtraighter again : and thusdo three or four tinaes about the taif>
withall the pofuhje ftraightnefs that may be* and then make faft the ends of the cord ( Thentake a piece of Wood,whofeend is fmooth and even,of juftheight-with the ftrunt of the Horfe's tail,and fetting it between the Horfe's hinder Legs, after you have trametled all his fourLegs.in fuchfortthat he can no ways ftir,then lay his tail there- upon, and taking a main ftrong (harp Knife made for the purpofe, fet the edge thereof fo near as you can guefs it,between the fourth and fifth joint, and then with a great Smith's Hammer,ftriking up- on the back of the Knife, cut the tail afander: Then if you fee any blood to iflue forth ; you (hail know thattbe cord is not ftreighe enough, asd therefore you muft draw it freighter, but if $«| no blood follow, then it is well bound: This done, you *S (hall take a red hot burning Iron, made round after this fsfhion, of the full com pais of the flefti of the Horfe's tail, that the Bone of the tail may go through the hole, and with itvou'lball fear the ftelb till yon: have mortified' it; -and in the fearing yon (ball plainly fee the ends of the veins ftart out like pap-heads; but you fhall fti 11 continue fearing them, until you fee all to be iroft fmooth, plain, and hard, fo that the blood can- ■not break through the burning : Then may you boldly unloofethe Cord \ and after two or three days, that you perceive the fore begin to rot, you (hall not mifs to anoint it with frefli Butter, or elfe with Hog's greafe and Turpentine, until it be whole. C H A P. CLXXX1I.
To make a white Star in any fart of a Horfe.
f F y oo will at any time make a white Star, either in your Horfes
1 fore.head.or in any other part of his body, you (hall, according
to the opinion of the molt ancient Farriers, take a Tile-ftone, and
r%, after you have burned it, beat it into fine Powder : Then take Lily
Roots,Dsfie Roots, White brier Roots,of each a like quantity, and
having'dryed them beat them alfo into fine Powder, and mix them
*" with the firft •• Then -with a Razor (have that part of your Horfe
where you would have your Star: and then with this Powder rub
it fo vehemently, that you (carte leave any skin on \ then take a
good quantity of Honeysuckle fbwers,& like a quantity of Honey,
and the water wherein a Mole hath been fodden, and then dtftii
theoi
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Lib. 2. Of Owes Cbiwgical_______ U9
them into a water, and with that water wafb the fore place the
fpaceof t'hree days together, and keep the Wind from it, and you (hall prefently fee the white hairs to grow ; for this Receipt hath been often very well approved. There be other Farriers, which take a Crab, and roaft it, and
being fiery hot, bind it to tint pirj which you would have white ^ and it will fcaldaway the old hair,, and the next hair that groweth will be white. OtherVarriersufe, after die, have tfi^ej tue place to take the juice of limp Onions, or. Leeks, and to batii tire pi ace very much therewith: Then take Birley-bread, asjre M^a*}1 cometh from the Oven,andclap it to the Qiaved place,, futtqtmgit to lie fo Ml] ic be cold \ and then after anoint it with Honey, and the white hair will come. Other Farriers ufe to anoint the (haves place with the greafe of a Moldy-warp fodden, and that will bring the white hairs.. Other Farriers ufe after they have (haired it; tcjsrub the place well with Salt, and then twice every day ioj a fortnight, to warn it with the broth wherein a Moldy-warp.and foipe :>wme s greafe hath been fodden. , Other Farriersufe to boil a Moldy-warp in Sajt-wafejr for tares
days together,or elfe with ftrong Lee, and ever as one Liquor con- frmeth,to fupply it with another ; then with this Decoftion being warm, anoint the (haved place, and ic will bring white hairs hid; denly. Other Farrii rs take the Gall of a Goat, and run the (ha- ved place therewith, and it will bring white hairs atfo. Other Farriers take Sheep's milk, and boil it, and in that wet a
Linen cloth, and b:in^ very hot lav k to, renewing it until you
may rub off the hair with your finger ; this done, apply the milk
to it twice aday lukewarm, till the hair do come again, wh-:ch
without all queftioa will be white,
Other Farriers take ?%% of wild Cucumbers, and twice as
much Nitrum mingled with Oil and Honey, or elfe add to your
Cucumbers Sal nitrnm beaten, and Honey, and anoint the (haven place therewith, and it will bring white hairs. Other Farriers ufe to take a piece of a Brick-bat, and with it
gently to ruo and chafe the Place, till by the continuance thereof, you haveruobed away both the hair and the skin, fo broad as you would have 'the Star, and then to after-anoint it with Honey,until • the hair come again: Or elfe to roaft a Colewortftalk like, a-War- den, or an Egg, until it be ftonehard •, and then as they come hot outofthe fire.to clap either of them to theHorfe's fore-head, and it will i
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Of Cures Cbirurgkal.
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Lib. 2<
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35°
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will fcald of the hair, then to anoint it with Honey till the hair
tome again. Now to concludc,and to fhew you the molt perfect and abfolute
experiment,which 1 have ever found to be moft infallible, and it is thus.You (hall take a very fine,lharp,longBodkin,madeforthe fame purpofe,and thruft it up betwixt the skin and the bone upwards,fo long as you would have the Star-, and in thrufting it up, you (hall hollow the skin from the bone,the bignefs that you would have the Stanthis done,youftiall take a piece of Lead,made in the truelhape of your Bcdjfcjn, and drawing out the Bodkin,thruft in the Lead into the lame holes jthen you (hall thruft the Bodkin crofs wife the forehead underneath the Lead j and then thrufting in fuch another piece of Lead, you (hall fee it in the Horfe's face to prefent this figure;which being done, you mall take a very ftrong pack-thread,and putting it underneath all the four ends of the Leads, and drawing it with all ftreightnefs, you (hall gather all the hollow skin together on a purfe, folding the pack-thread, oft and oftabout,and Hill ftreighter and ftreighter, fo that you (hall fee it then to prefent unto you this figure: This done, you lhall let it reft at leaft the fpace of eight and forty hours, in which time the skin will be, as it were,mortified: Then may you unloofe the pack-thread, and draw forth the leaden pins, and with your hand clofe the hollow skin to the Fore-head hard again: And (hortly after you ftiali fee the hair to fall away, and the next hair which cometh be white; and this experiment is moft infallible. Now there be fome other Farriers,which
will not put in pins,nor ufe any pack-thread, but only will flit the fore-head, and open the skin on both (ides, and then put in either a Horn or a plate of Lead as big as the Star, and fo let it remain till the skin rot: Then tak. out the Horn or Lead and anoint the place with Honey, and the water of Mallows fod, and it will .bring white hair: And ftre- ly this Experiment alfo is moft Infallible } but it maketh a tool fore,& is fomewhat long in bringing his verLuc to effect. Again |
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^_*^ Of Cures Cbirwpcal.
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3f-«
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Hen^p'Ltri?? Whke ?aralf°madeb*takin§the§utsof a
to tffTf' ?nd df PPinSthem hot as they come out of the belly made f£. Jh r ' haviH5 in readiners fome hollow round thing
Horf^fat! PUr? ' t0 teeP ^e guts together upon the C HAP. CLXXXIII.
How to make a black Star, or white hair black
JT atany time you would have a deflreto make upon a white
Pies nf^ a black Star,you (hall take a fcruple of ink, and four feru- la a'< i. l^?od of 01iander be3ten to Powder; incorporate this' Place rh-epsfuetaswi11 wel1 Office.'and then anoint the oth ij *and tc wil1 no doubt make at>ywhite hair black-
rod in T Farriers take the Decoftion of Fern Roots, and Sage
hair • r 3Dd W3il) the P^ce therewith, and it will breed black '
Orh I '/0U rauft wafh the place vcrl oft therewith,
and SZ , crs ufe totake the nift of Iron> Galls and Vitriol, e^s
andS em Wkh °iI: oreiretakeSouter'SInk,G^]sandRuft, and i■ »• n wdI t0§«ther» and then anoint the place therewith, mit Wl11 turn any white hair to black. ,
C H A P. CLXXXIV,
■Te make a red Star in a HsrfiZi Face. I redUs^fire tQ make in y0Br Horfe's faC€> or any other part, a
apennv iY°U !ba11 £ake of AciHafortis% oneounceof Aqm vim iMto a eiaft rf Silver t0 the value of e»ghteen pence; put them very well th • them weil therein» and then anoint the place a Perfe(T- r f reV5rith'and iE wii1 immed>ately turn the hair to be of , caftine nfS Cu ■» o^yftwi'1 endure no longer than till the renew rSh- • And Eherefore> aE every fuch time you mufc "lcnair again, xf you would have the Star to continue. |
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CHAP.
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15 % Of Cures Qjirurgical. Lib. 2.
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CHAP. GLXXXV.
How to make Hair to come -very foon, very t^ek^and very long.
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F you would have Hair to come very foon in any bare place, or
to grow thick where it is thin, or long where it is fhort, you |
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fhall take (according to the opinion of the matt ancient Farriers)
the Urine of a young Boy, and with it at firft wafh the place: After that, take Lee made of the unftack'd Lime, Geruie, and Li-. tharge, and with it warn the hair oft, and it will make it come foon, long, and thick. . Other Farriers ufe to wafh the place with water wherem the.
Roots of Althsa have been fod i Then after dry it gently with your
hand, and it will encreafe hair much, Other Farriers ufe to warn
the place with Oil mingled with the aihes of Nut-ihells burnt, or
elfe Snail-fhells burat.and it will encreafe hair alfo. Other Farriers
take Agrimony poinded with Goat's milk, and with it anoint the
place, or elfe Oil wherem a Moldy-warp hath been boiled, and
anoint the place with either of f.hem,and it will encreafe hair very
much. Other Farriers take the dung\ofGoats,Alum, Honey, and
the blood of a Swine: Mingle them all together, and ftir them till
they be ready to boil, and being hot,rub the bare place therewith.
Other ancient Farriers take Nettle-feed bruifed with Honey,
Water and Salt, and then rub the place there with. Other Farriers
take the root of a white Lily beaten and fod in Oil, and anoint the
place therewith. Others take the juice of a long Onion, or eiie
the juice of Radifhes, and anoint the place therewith. Others tafie
Tar, Gil-Olive, and Honey boiled together, and, with it anoint
the bare-place. Others take the Soot of a Cauldron mixed wtftt
Honey and Oil, and anoint the place therewith. _
There be other ancient Farriers which ufe this, and it isi the belt
of all, they take green Wall-nut-fheils, and burn them to Powder, and then mix it with Honey, Oil, and Wine, and anoint the place therewith, and it will encreafe hair wonderfully, and very foon. |
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G H A P-
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Chirurgkal. _______ V53
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C H A P. GLXXXVT.
To mak§ Hair fmooth, JlicKy ^nd foft,
IF you will make your Horfe's Goat to be fmooth, flick,foft, and
fluning.you (hall withfufficient ftore of cloth keep him warm at the heart, for the leaft inward cold will make the hair ftare: Then you fhall make him fweat oft; for that will raife up the duft and filth, whicbmakes his coat foul and hard, then you (hail, when the Horfe is in his greateft- fweat, with anold Sword-blade turning the edge towards his hair,fcrape,or as it were curry away all the white foam, fweat,and filth,which (hall be raifed up, and that will lay his coat even and make ic fmooth : And laftly, you (hall when you let him blood, rub him all over with his ownblood,and fo let it remain two or three days, and then curry and 4refs him well, and this will make his coat mine like glafs. CHAP. CLXXXVII.
mwto take off Hair in any fart of a Horfe.
IF you-will afcany time takeoff the Hair from any part ot a Horfe,
you-fhattcHtfolvein water ("according to the opinion of the ra^ ancientf-arriere) eiglicounces of< unfkck'd Lime : And then boil -it-till -a quavter be confuted,-then ad4 to it an Ounce of Or- pimenti, - and then lay a Plafter thereof to any pafct of the Horfe, and it will in few hours bring all the hair away. There be other ancient Farriers which boil in running Water,
RuftandOrpiment, and with it being very hot wafh the place, and it willfoon bring the hair away. G H A P. CLXXXViil.
HowtecapandwrnbrowaHerfe. -v
^THenfoever you intend to call or overthrow your Horfe; after
you have brought him into a convenient place: As namely,
either upon fome green fwarth,or upon fome Dung-hill, or in fome
Sarn upon good ftore of foft ftraw, you (hall take and double a
Zzi long
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$ 54 * Of Cures Ckkwgicd. Lib. !•
long rope, and call a knot a yard from the bought; then put the
bought about his neck, and the double rope betwixt his fore-Legs, and about his hinder pafterns, underneath his fetlock, then put the ends of-the rope under the bought of his I^eckj and draw them quickly, and they will overthrow him,then make the ends faft,and hold down his head, under which always you muft'be Aire to have good ftore of ft-raw. Now if you would at any time, either brand your Horfe on the buttock, ordoany thing about his hinder Legs, that he may not fhike,take up his contrary fore- Legend when you dobrand your Horfe, fee that the Iron-be red hot, and that the hair be both fear'd quite away,and the flefh fcorched in every place be- fore you let him go, and fo you ihall be Aire to lofe no labour, C.H A P. CLX.XXIX..
How to know the age of'a Horfe.
T He age of every Horfe is known, either by his teeth, by his
hoofs, or by his tail. It is known by his Teeth; at two years old hechangeth the four* fore-molt teeth in his head,at three yearsold he changeth the teeth next unto them, and leavethno more apparent foals teeth but two of each fide, aboye and below : At four years old hechangeth the teeth next unto them, and leaveth no more foals teeth but one on each fide, both above and below, at five years old he hath never a foals tooth before,but then he changeth his sufhes ok each fide: At fix years old he putteth up histu(hes,near about which you /hall fee apparently growing a little Circle of new and young flefh , befides, the turn will be white, fmall, fhort, and (harp: Ac feven years old, the two out-rnoft teeth of his nether chap on both fides will be hbl- low,witha little black fpeck in them, And at eight years old,then all his teeth will be full, fmooth, and plain, the black fpeck being clean gone, and his tuihes will be fomewhat yellow, without any circles of young flefh: At nine years old,his foremofi teeth will be very long, broad-, yellow* and foul, and his tufhes will be blunt: At ten years eld, in the infide of his upper tufhes will be no holes at all to be felt with yosr fingers ends, which till that age you (hall ever raoft perfectly feel, befides the temples of his bead vid} begin to be hollow and crooked : At eleven years of age his Seeth wilLbe exceeding long, very yellow, black, and foul, only ll€:
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Lib. i. Of Cum CbirurgicaL______ Jjj_
be^IuTut even, and his teeth will ftand dirtftly 'oppose one
againft another: At Twelve years old his teeth will bj long, Y^ low,black,and fool, but then his upper teetn will over-reach and hang over his nethe'r teeth: At thirteeni years his "toes J'U be worn dofe to his chip if he be a much tidden Horfe,othei wife they will be black, foul, and long like the fangs of a boar. If a Horfe's hoof be ruggid,and as it were ^f^^no^
another* if they b& dry, full, and crufty, ***^*^°& age* as on the contrary part, a fmooth, raoift, hollow, and wed founding hoof is a fign of young years. ,
if you take your Horfe with your nngeranct !™*™™f^
fternVthetai 1, clofeatthe fettingonby hisbutto . ^leelmg there hard , if y'oa feel betwixt your finger and your : thaw oeach fide his tail, a joint ftick out more than any °g*Mby^e bignefs of a haiel Nut, then you may prefume, theHorfe is u^r ten years old,but if his joints be all plain, and no loch h ngto be felt, then he s above ten,and at lea ft thirteen, fa Hode s eyes be round, fall, and ftarting from, his head,if the pits ojj s e s oe filled, fmooth, and even with his Tempks, and wamies e _i aboutVisbrowor under his eyes.thenthe Hone is young. If oher- wife you fee the contrary Characters, it is a hgn of old age. von take up a Horfe^s skin on any part of his body, betwm vo ya- ger and vour thumb, and pluck, it irom the iie!n , th.n.cttio^a lo again", if it fuddenly return to the ^*™^.*%g9 and be fmooth and plain without wnntde, then UkHoi ie is young , and full of ftrength ; but it being pulled up, tt ftand, and not re- turns his former place, then be allured he is v.ery old, and ex- ceedingly wafted. , ,, ,, „,.n..,„;n>! Laftly, ifa Horfe that is of any dark p our, (hall g ow grille onlyabout the Eve-brows,or underneath his Mane, it isit e an infallible fign of moft extreme old. age; And tnus. much touching a Horfe's age. CH A>. CXC.
Hw to mak$ an old Horfe feem young.
'T*1 Ake a {mall crooked Iron, no bigger than a Wheat-Corn, and
1 having made it red hot,burn a little black hole in the tops ot
■- two lismoft teeth of each fide the nether chap ottort, next to |
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jc6 Of Cures Chimrpcal Lib. %
* *~ ■ - -- -■■■■■■■■ ■■ - ..... . -
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the tulhes, and then with an A wl blade prick it, and make the (hell
fine and thin; then with a {harp fcraping Iron, make all his teeth white and clean: This done, take a fine Lancet, and above the hollows of the Horfe's eyes which are fhrunk down, make a little hole only but through the skin,and then railing it up, put in a quill that is very fmall, as the quill of a Raven, or fuch like .• and then blow the skin full of wind, till all the hollownefs be filled up, and then take out the quill, and lay your finger a little while on the hole, and the wind will ftay in, and the Horfe's countenance will be as if he were but fix years old at the moft. CHAP. CXCI.
How to maty: a fJorfe that hejha/inot neigheither in company, or when
he is ridden.
IF either when you are in fervlce in the Wars, and would not be
discovered, or when upon any other occafion, you would vM have your Hoi fes to neigh, or make a noife,you (hall take ali# of wodlien cloth, and tie ic fa ft in many folds about the mtdfi'of your Horfes tongue^ud believe it,fo long ssthe tongue is fo tied,foforig the Horfe can by no means neigh, or make:ati'y extraordinary ndife with his voice, as hath been often tried and approved of. CHAP. CXGII.
How to makera Horfe exceeding qmc^and'nimble of the Sfifr.
I/F your Horfe be either dull of the Spur through his natural in-
* clination,or through tiring,or any other accident, you (hall firlfc fhave him the breadth of a fauceron.both fides, juft iri the fpurrrng place, on both fides the vein, then with a Lancet make fix Hfoes or fmall orifices on both fides 5 then railing the skin from the flefh, you Ihall put into the holes a pretty quantity of burnt Salt, which will make the fore to rankle. ill this fort you (hall keep it three day s,and by no means ride the
Horfe; the third day being ended,you (hall fet a Child on his back with fpurs, and make him fpur the Horfe in the fore place ; which done, you (hall wafh the place with Pifsi, Salt, and Nettles fodden weIl'together,and it will make his fidesfmart foextrernely,thathe will never abide the Spur after. Now |
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7*1"* 2» Of Cures €birufgical. 357
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Now you flail let him ftand after his wafhing three days more,
and then take half a pint of Honey, and with i* anoint his fides once a day till they be whole. Alfo rub his fides with the powder °* glafs, and it will do the like. CHAP. CXCIII.
How to makg a Horfe that tirar or is refiiff, to go forward.
£F your Horfe, (as it is the common nature of Jades) through
the naughtinefs of his nature, or dulnefs of fpirit, be either fo
^ff> °r fo tired, that he will not go forward a foot, but ftand-
5. jtock ftill ; You (hall then make a running fuickle of a good
mm cord,and put it about his Cods and Stones, in fueh fort that
i*may not flip: Then you (ball draw the reft of the cord between
th^u'rt^ a £'ie ^or^e's b°dy, and bringing it up juft between
-Horfe's four-legs, be fure to hold the end of the cord in your
nandasyou fit inthefaddle, then ride the Horfe forward, and
wnenhebeginnethtogrowreftifFor to ftand ftill,. then pluck the
c°rd, and cramp him by the Stones, and you mall fee that imme-
lateiy he will go forward. And in this fame manner you (ball
u'e. rum for ac jea^ a fortnight together, and it will clean take a-
way that evil quality.
C H A P. CXCIV.
et mosl excellent and approved ways to preferve a Horfe from tiring
never dtfclofed till now-. \ y?^ Horfe either through violence of Labour, diftemperature
oiBody, or naughtinefs of Nature, happen to tire under you,
rtravefnot with that fpirit, you defire, then when you come to a
aitingplace alight, and fet up your Horfe warm, but do not walk
™m : Then after he hath been well rubb'd, take a quart of ftrong
™f>and P1* thereto half an ounce of the-fine fierc'd powder of Eli,
dmpane,and brew them together, then give it the Horfe with an
far p ''W j ^0ne' t'e his head to the rack, for you need not care;
the ^lOYe.nder till pight, at which time Provender him well, and in
and^°.rning give him Oats or Bread, or both in plentiful manner,
AIp ^fSy^dy to take his back, give him the former quantity of
^eandEhcampansas.aforefaidi aiKidoubtlsfs you; fhali find
, hirfli
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U-8 Of Cures Cbirurgicd Lib. %•
him to travel with great Courage and Spirit, as hath been appro-
ved. Alfo if you take a bunch of Penny-royal, and tie it to the mouth of your bit or fnaffle, you (hail find it very comfortable, and it will caufe your Horfe to travel luftily. r^> Again if you take of your befl: Tabaco, and dry it in the Sun in
aglafs dofe ftopt, then pound it very fmall, and mix it with an equal quantity of Cockle- (hells, then with the Oil of Dill, and the Oil of Cloves, make the powder into a paile, then make pretty round balls thereof as big as Wall-nucs,and dry them in thefhadow in the Dog days,then keep themclofeina Gally-pot,and give them as Pills in the time of necefllty ■■, that is to fay, a ball at a time, whenfoever your Horfe (hall fail in travel: And this doth not on*: Iy help tiring, but alfo takes away any cold whatfoever. - r^» ■ Lairly, if your Horfe notwithstanding for all this, do happen at
any time to tire, then prefently take off his Saddle, and with the herb Arfmart rub his back all over very hard,then laying Arfmart alfo under the Saddle, foridehim gently at the firft, and if there be any Life in him, it will make him go,as it hath been made proof Of. v
CHAP. -CXCV.
How to make a Horfe to follow his Maftcr, and find him out, and chal-
lenge him amongfi never fo many people. IF you will have your Horfe to have fuch a violent love towards
you, that he (hall not only follow you up and down, but alfo labour to find you out, and own you as Toon as he hath found you : You (hall then take a pound of Oat-me?.I,and put thereto a quarter of a pound of Honey, and half a pound of Lunarce, and then make a Cake thereof, and put it in your bofom next unto your naked skin: Then run or labour your felf up and down until you fweat, then rub all your Sweat upon your Cake ; this done, keep your „, Horfe falling a day and a night, and then give him the Cake to eat, which as foon as he hath eaten, you fnall turn him loofe, and he will not only moffc eagerly follow you, but alfo hunt and feek you out when he hath loft or doth tnifs you •, and though you be envi- roned with never fo many, yet he will find you out, and know yon, and you (hall not fail, but every time that he cometh unto you, you (hall fpit in his mouth, and anoint his tongue with your fpit- tle: And thus doing, he will never forfake you. CHAP.
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■Lib. :2. Of Cures Chirurgtcd.
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359
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CHAP. CXCVI.
Tbemtwe and facial Qualities of all the Similes that are fpok^n of
trt thts whole Work^ fit down in the manner of alphabet. A.
ABrotanm^ which we call in Englifh Southern-wood, is hot'
and dry in the third degree, and openeth the Pipes of the fcoay, and is good for thort wind. Abfmthtom, which we call Worm-wood, is hot in the firft de-
gree,and dryin the fecond j it cleanfeth, and bindeth, and is good for the Stomach. • ■dceto, which we call Vinegar, efpecially if it be of wine, is cold
^d piercing, to wit, cold in the firft, and dry in the third degree. -d£*ric»mt is hot in the firft, and dry in the fecond degree \ it
|xpelleth Humours, purgeth all Flegm and Choler, and is good *or the. Liver and Kidaeys. zilltum% which we callGarlick, is hot and dry in the fourth de-
gree} it draweth, openeth, and expelleth all evil Humours. Agrecum, which we call Crefles, is hot and dry in the fourth
degree -7 it burneth, draweth, and refolvetb, and is exceeding good wr scurf, or wild Scabs, or for the Lungs. ^&rtfa* »s a known Unguent that is good againft all tumours.
j?/ww, called commonly Roch- Alum, is hot and dry in the third
gLee» and ls 8ood for cankers.
flfer or Elder- tree,is hot and dry, it purgeth-choler and flegm,-
and healeth wounds. JJ^S'iis *!0tin the firft»anddry in the third degree: It cleanfeth
and dillolveth and alfo comforteththe vital parts. anifr ' i! We cal1 whice Mail°ws»is hot and dry.-It loofeneth
ana icattereth humours, warmeth and moilteneth very much. fronds, are hot and moift in the firft degree: Provoke Urine,
and arc very-good for the Lungs or Liver. ,j,w ^°M which we call Wood-fage,repreflcth, driveth back, and bindeth humours. . . AmmoniMHm is hot in the third, and dry in the fecond degree:
itfoftneth, and difTolveth humours. **ntmy which we call Dill, is hot in the third and dry in A a a the
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\6o Of Cum Qhirurgtcd. Lib. 2.
the fecond Degree: It ripeneth crude humours, and expelieth
heat Anifeeds are hot and dry in the third Degree: Expel cold,
diffolve humours, and provoke Urine. jintimomHtn, or Stibium, is cold and dry, it bindcth, mundifieth,
and purgeth. ■Afto, which we call Smallage or Parfly, is hot in the firft, and
dry in the fecond Degree ; It ripeneth, cleanfeth,opeoeth,and pro- voketh Urine. slriftotochia, which we call Birth wort, or Hart wort, is hot, and
cleanfeth:But if it be Rotunda,then it is fomuch ftronger,being hot and dry in the fourth Degree: It draweth and purgeth thin water and flegm,and is good to open the Lungs j it is good againft all manner of poifon whatfoever, or biting of any venomous Beafts. Armoniack both driech, cooleth, foftneth, and draweth. 1 jirtemifu, which we call great Tanlie,orMug-wort,is hot in the fecond, and dry in the third Degree: It is very good for Worms, and fwellings in the finews, slrfnicktf both kinds, is hot in the third, and dry in the firft
Degree: Itbindeth,eateth,andfretteth>beingavery ftrongCor- rofive. u4JJaf<ttida is a gum that is hot in the third, and dry in the firft
Degree. It cleanfeth evil humours. AfphaltHtn is a pitch that is mixt with Bitumen: It is hot and dry
and comforteth any fwelling. uijjbnteo is hot in the firft,and dry in the fecond Degree: It cleans
iethand drieth,and is good for tocomfort the ftomach. Afmgiarv/hicb we call the foft or frefh greafe, isJu*c and moift
in the firft Degree; It mollifieth, ripeneth , aftf healeth any Wound, Impoftume, or Ulcer. Avma, which we call commonly Oats,are naturally dry: They
do dry", bind, cleanfe, and comfort all the inward Pai ts,and are the only principal fimples which do naturally agree with the compofi- tionofa Horfe's body ; and therefore the Oil or the QuintefTence of .them is the only abfolute and perfect medicine that can be ad- miniftred for any inward ficknefs, as experience will approve and make perfect. AveXane, which we call the afhes of Nutmelis bwrnt, are hot and . dry, and do skin or ftpp the flux of matter, 3.
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Lib. i. Of Cures Chirurgical. ". ________^1
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B.
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B
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Apberrks, are vehemently hot and dry, and<»re good for all
manner of rheums, or (hortnefs of Wind, efpeciaily tor any |
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difeafe in the Lungs: They are good againft poifons,confumptions,
fcort breath, flegm, hardnefs of hearing, help tiring, Wamps, Scurvy, the Scons, ftoppings of the Liver, cure the Yellows and Dropfie. B-tlftmwu is hot and dry in the fecond Degree : It cleanfeth
draweth and comforteth.
Bdellium is a gum that is hot and dry -• It foftneth, and draweth
awaymoifture,andisexceHentagainftaiUiardfwelhngswhatfoever. Btrtonicum, or Bettonicnm,which we call Dog-ftone, or KegwOrt,
is hot and dry in the firft Degree: It purgeth,and cleanfeth all evil humours. \ «wcMiscoldand dry in the fecond Degree: Itclofeth things o-
pened it toftenshardnefs, filleth places empty, and doth extenuate all excretions. , .. J , _ ,
Bittok, which we call Beets, is cold and moift, and cleanieta
Ulcers.
BiiHmen is a kind of Brimftone, or fatnefs from the Sea, it is hot
and dry in the fecond Degree,and is comfortable againft any I wel- ling. . Bmtiro is hot in the firft,and moift in the fecond Degree, and it
ripeneth lmpoftumes. . Bok-Armonia is a certain e*rth which iscoldanddry,whichbin-
deth and driveth back evil humours, and isalfo an excellent Dc- fenfative againft-flaxes of Blood. Bram Vrfin is a wonderful great fofcner and mollifier.
■ Braffic*, whi;h we call Cole-worts, is very dry, it doth conglu- t'tBate Wounds, it healeth Ulcers and Tumours, it holdech the feed and kiileth evil humours. B'otanoy which is the fame that Abrounnm is, look there.
Brufco, which we call Butchers Broom, or Knee-holm is hot in
the fecond Degree, and dry in the firft, it provokes Urine. % Briony, of thefe there are two kinds the white and the black, but the white is more effectual; the root of it is hot and dry in the fe- cond Degree: ltclcanfethandripeneth,and is good for all old Di* feafesjit alfodtieth,draweth, and mollifieth all. manner of hardnefs A a a 2 ' C.
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Of Cures Chimrgicd.
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\6i
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24
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Cjiiafonia or Colofon\ay doth incarnate Ulcers, and; doth con-
glutinate things which are feparated. CaUminto, which we call wild Peny-Royal, or wild Mint, of
which, that which grows on the Mountains isj:he beft, is hot and dry in the third degree, doth refolve Tumours, and draweth away Humours. Calcinaviva^ which we cnllunflack'd'Lime, is hot and dry in
the fourth degree, it adufteth, drieth, and corrodeth. Camomile whkh wecall Camomile, is hot and dry in the firfl'
degree, it mollifieth and diflblveth all Griefs,and is good efpecially for the Liver. . Camedros, which we call Germander, is hot and dry in thethird
degree ; and is good againftall moift Colds. - Camfhora is a kind of Gum which is cold and dry in the third degree; it preferveth the Body from Putrefaction, and bindeth Humours. Ganabis, which-we call Hemp, is-hot, the Seed whereofdriveth
away extraordinary Colds •-, it ripeneth and diflblveth Humours, and mollifieth and drieth Inflammations. Cinamon^ is hot and dry in the third degree j and is comforta;
ble in all inward Sicknefles. Carma, which we call Reeds, efpecially the Hedge-Reed, draw-
eth out Pricks, if you lay the Roots to the Knobs. Cantbarides, are certain Flies, vftiich are hot and dry in the
third degree; they-will raife Blifters in thelbund Parts. CafilliFeneru^ which we call Maidens-hair, is dry, and bindeth"
loofe Humours, ~ Cardimonhm, is hot, it extenuateth Humours, and being mix'd
with Vinegar killeth Scabs. Cloves are hot and dry in the third degree, and are very com-
fortable to the inward parts. Carrowaia are hot and dry in thethird degi'ee, it helpeth Wind
and cleanfeth evil humours. Cajfta is hot and moift in the firlt degree, it expelleth Wind dif-
folveth humours, and purgeth the ftomach of choler and flegrn. Caftortttm is hot and dry, and purgeth much.
Cabbage is hot in the firft, and dry ia the fecond degree, it clews-'
fe'th and ripeneth humours, Ciws |
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Lib.
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0/ Cures Cbirurgkd.
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1*1
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Cinere, which we call Afhes,are hot and dry in the fourth degree,
and cleanfe mightily. Centuria, which we call wild running Bettotty, fwelling like-Mar*
joram, is hot and dry in the third degree j it bindeth wounds, and conglutinateth, and is good for difeafed Livers, for the worms, Sores and Wounds, and is commonly called Centaury. Cepe, which we call Onions, is hot in the fourth degrees It doth
eleanfe corruptions'; and ripen fwellings. Cervil is hot and dry, and bindeth much.
Cemfa is a white Ointment made of Oil and white Lead, it ir
cold and dry in the fecond degree: And for .the effefts it hath all thofe, which-BracciWhath.- CerecaBo: See Serececollo.
Chelidonium which we call Selandim, is hot and dry in the third
degree ; it cleanfeth all putrefactive humours, and is excellent againft inward ficknefles, elpecially yellows or jaundice. Ckuta, which we call Hemlock,is cold in the fourth degree, it
nummeth and aftonieth. Cicorta, which we call Succory,is cold and dry in the firfi: degree-*
and bindeth much. Comin is hot in the third degree,and dry in tlie fecond: It molli-
hethand ripeneth. CiptBo, which is Leeks,~ or as we call them, chives, fee Cepe.
Cinabar, or Sanguis Vraeonis, eras we call it Vermilion, is a cer-
tain metal drawn from quick Sulphur, and Quick-filver, itdriethy nealeth, incarnateth, bindeth and comforteth Ulcers. Cito or Ciftoj is dry in the fecond degree, and bindeth much.
Citrons, or Citbrons, are cold and moift in the fecond degree,
they do cleanfe.and pierce. Calloquimida is hot and dry in the third degree, and mundifietb
only. . Colofonia, which we commonly call Earth- pitch, or Greek-pitch,
is hot and dry in the third degree-, it conglutinated and gathered! together. 'See?e«Gr««. CocHmerij fee Chcnmer.
Confolida, which we call Comphry, is cold: It conglutinateth
and bindeth, and is good againft Ruptures. Co[ho, or Coj/o being bitter, is hot, and healeth Ulcers.
Cofiw, is hot in the third degree, and dry in the fecond degree:
and it raifeth up worms, and irthat which we call Herb Mary, or \ tfie root of Anpelko. -Coykk |
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364 ___________Of Cures CbirurgicaL Lib. 2.
Co?we «/; cer-voj which we call harts-hern, isdry,yet it ftrength*
reth very much, and expelleth poifon. Crocum which we call Saffron, is hot in the fecond, and dry in
the firft degree : It bindeth, comforteth, and refolveth lmpo*> flumes. Cuatmert Si/f/if^is hot and dry inthethird degree:It diflblvetb,
foftnetb, and purgeth flegtn. Cucumerielaterium., is cold and moift in the fecond degree : It
cleanfeth much, and is made of the juice of.wild Cucumbers. P-
DAm are hot and moift in the fecond degree: They do refolve
and difperfe things knit together. Diacatholican purgeth ail oifenfive humours which offend the Bo-
dy wnatfoever. Viapbcenicon or Diaf/henkon,purgeth Wind exceedingly,and com-
forteth all griefs of the belly which are begot by crude humours fpringing from Colicks or fuch like pains. Dialtea or Dialthxa, is an ointment made (of Holy hox, or Sea
mallow ; it warmeth and mciftneth. Dragon-wort h hot and dry, and bindeth much.
E.
EBuli^ which we call Elder, is hot and dry in the third degree ;
it drieth, and dn'veth out Water, and expelleth Choler and thi'i flegm •■, fee Sambucus. Ederaterreftris, which we call ground-Ivy, fee Hedera,
Elaterium fee Cucumeri. Elkboro, which we call neefing powder, of it are two kinds, the
white and black; it is hot and dry in the third degree. Erncay which we call Rocket, and of which the wild is the
beft i' the feeds thereof are hot and dry, and expelleth Urine, Worms and Water. Elufay which is an herb like fpunge, is hot in the fourth degree,
and drieth and cleanfeth exceedingly : and of fome is called Wolfs milk. Euforbium is a gum that is hot in the fourth degree ; it drieth,
purgeth, cleanfeth, and exulcerateth much. * Extrufion
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^ib- !• Of Cures Chirurgical. 365
Excrufijn is that which we call Oxicration, is a certain compo-
ution or mixture made of Aceto and water, and is good to allay dwellings and tumours. F.
F-dbtt, which we call a Bean, is cold and dry, andit cleanfethi.
and ditlblveth very much. Farina which we call Bran, is hot and dry in the firft degree,and
dilfblveth very much. Fern is dry and binding, but the root is hot and clemfing, and
KlUeth Worms. Felk, which we call Gall,, is hot and dry, and it cleanfeth and
mundifieth. Ferrugo, which we call the ruft of Iron, is hot and dry in the
lecond degree, it comforteth and reftraineth evil humours. Fici aridi^ which we call dry figs, are hot and dry in the fecond
degree j they ripen tumours, (often and confume hatdnefs, and are good for purlivenefs, coughs, and Difeafes of the Lungs. Filomontano,-which we call a Dodder, being a thing that cleaveth
to herbs,windingabout them like threads^it openeth the Liver and Milt, and purgeth all flegm and choler. Filonio is a compofition, which wiil aftonifh or benumb any part
°r member. ■Fe«w/is hot jn the third, and dry in the firft degree:. It doth
cuflolve all manner of grofs humours,and is good for the Liver or Lungs. Fuligo which we call Soot, is hot and dry, and it drieth mar-
vellously ^ and fo doth all foots whatfoever. G..
G'Al4ngay which we calt Galangal, is hot and dry in the third i
Degree:It eafeth theStomach of all griefs,whichproceed from coldcaufes: It ftreightneth the brain, and comforteth theSenfes. Galbmum is hot in the third Degree, and dry in the fecond: It:
lofteneth, ftoppeth, and drawethaway evil humours* and is good agamft a cold. Galla-, which we call Galls,or a light fruit of Oaks, are hot and;
pleafing. - Gfrifilata7 which we call herb Bennet, is hot and dry in the fe-
cond Degree.. c4«/»».) |
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3 66 Of Cures Chirwgtcd Lib. !•
Garofoli, which we call Cloves, are hot and dry in the third
degree, and are very comfortable for inward licknefs. Ginger is hot, and is excellent to preferve heat in the inward
parts. GemftraorGinifira, which we call Broom, is hot and dry in
the third degree j it killeth Worms, and fcoureth much. Gentian, efpecially the Root, is hot in the third, and dry in the
fecond degree; it doth extenuate, purge, andcleanfeall evil hu- mours, and it is good for the Liver and Scomachj,and for Wounds and Sores. .GiiliOj which we call LiHes, foftneth Sinews, and are good for
Wounds and Sores. Gramen% which is any manner of Grain and Pulfe, is cold and
dry, except wheat, and that is temperately hot and moiftj they do incarnate and mundifie. Crap, which is any manner of Fat, is hot and moift, and doth
ripen and (often. H.
HArmdinU cortex, whiah we call Cane-reed, is hot and dry in
the third degree. Hederdy which we call Ivy, is a great drawer and opener.
Helxine, which we call Peliitory of the Wall, cleanfeth and
bindeth, and is good for any old Cough, or for any Inflamma- tions. flifoppo, which we call Hyflbp, there is both wild, and that of
the Garden, but the Garden is the beft, it is hot and dry in the third degree; cleanfeth and warmeth, it is good for Inflammations of the Lungs, old Coughs, Pozes, Rheums, and fhort Wind. Hordeum, which we call Barly, is cold and dry in the firft de-
gree, and it mundifieth and cooleth. 1.
INcenft^ which we call FrankincenFe, it drieth and incarnatetb ?
fee Qlibarutm. Jperjcon, which we call Saint Johns-Y/ovt, expclleth moiflure?
and healeth burniiigs. fries
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Lib. 2. 0/ Cures Ckirurgicd. $67
IriosFlorentia, which we call Flower*de-luce,efpecially the root:
it warmeth,ripeoetb, and cleanfeth, and is good for the cough, and is hot and dry in the third degree. Iride IUirica : See Helpne.
Iris is a root that is hot and dry : It cleanfeth and ripeneth, and
is good tgainft Golds, and purgeth Ulcers. Uffuuta, which we call Henbane, is cold in the fourth degree:
it aftoniiheth and benumbeth, . Junior is hot and dry in the third degree: The berries are good
for the Stomach,Lungs,Liver,and Kidneys •, it cureth all Coughs, Gripings, and Windinefs of the Belly, and provoketh Urine: Is good againft all Venom, the Infection of the Plage, and kills . Worms. L.
LW«« which we call Lovage, is hot and dry io the third de- <
gree: It expelleth Wind, efpecially the Seed and Root. Lap<*thHm> which we call a Dock, is cold and moift, and it mol- lifieih. £<w*, which we call Laurel, or Bays, are hot and dry,and they
cleanfe and mundifie. Lemifco is a gum that is like Maftick-, it is dry in the fecond
Degree, and moderately bindeth: It is bitter in tafte, and ever green. Linefa, which wecailFlax or Lime, the feed thereof is hot and
dry, and it ripeneth and mollifieth tumours. Lee is hot and dry in the fourth degree: It is very aduthve,
cleanfing and piercing. Lythargyrio, of which there are two kinds, the one of the colour
of Gold,the other of Silver: It is very dry, it bindeth, foftneth, in* carnateth, cooleth, and clofeth up v andof thefe two,that which is like Gold is the beft. Lolinm^ which we call CockIe,is hot and dry in the third degree,
anddittblveth much. Lumachs, which we call Houfe-fnails without fnells,do congluti*
nate very much. |
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M.
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dlvais cold and moift, it ftoppeth, foftneth, andmitigatetb.
pain. B b b Malvavifcw |
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M
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}68 Of Cures Qilrurgical. Lib. 2.
----------------------------------:------
Malvavifcm is very dry, it foftneth, loofneth, and mitigateth.
Mace is dry in the third degree,without heat, and only bindeth.
/WrfwBrfisofequal temper, hot and dry, it openeth,moUifieth, .
and incarnateth. Mariatonor ■ Maniaton, is a hot unguent againft all cold hu-
mours -. It helpeth the grief of finews, purgeth old watry matters,, and ripeneth tumours. Marmbeo, which we call Hore hound, of which there be two
kinds,the white and the black •, but the white is the better: itis hot in the fecond, and dry in the third Degree • It helpeth ob- ftrunions in the Liver, openeth and purgeth, and is good againft colds and for fores. , Maftickjs hot in the firft, and dry in the fecond Degree : It
draweth and drieth, bindeth and foftneth^and is good againft cold. Medulla, which we call Marrow, of what tond foever, is cold
and moift, and mollifieth Ulcers j now the belt Marrow 4s that of a Hart, or old Stag, the next of a, Calf, the next that of a Sheep, and the jaft that of a Goat. Melt which we commonly call Honey,Js hot and dry in the fe-
cond Degree •-, it cleanfeth the ftomach and the entrails, ftoppeth humours, and incarnateth Wounds. Melijfa, which we call Balm, is hot in the fecond, and dry in the
firft Degree: It cleanfeth and conglutinateth. Mentha, which we call Mint, is hot in the third, and dry in
the fecond Degree, of which the wild Mint is the beft : it killeth Worms, itbindeth, it diflblveth, and is good for the ftomach, or a cold Liver. Mimto, which we call red Lead, is cold and dry, and good a-
gainft fwellings. Myrrhe or Myrrha, is a fovereign Gum; it is hot and dry in the
fecond Degree j it conglutinateth, bindeth and cleanfeth wounds, is good againft all colds, killeth worms, and helpeth the pur lick: for though it doth cleanfe much^ yet it doth not exafperate the Arteries; alfo it doth incarnate. 'Morcofna or Marca[tta% is hot and dry ; it comforteth, bindeth,
and melteth humours. Mertilia is the fruit of the Myrtil-tree, it is dry in the third De-
gree, it'dothbind good, and Joofen evil humours. Marcos^ which we call the Mulberry, the unripe is coldanddry
in the fecond Degree: The bark, but chiefly the root, is hot and dry
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Lib* *•_________ Of Cures Chirurgkal.
tKrln^f^ft^^66'i6 doth cleanfe> PurSe and bind. the rool
E^f X ?h W?rms' and £he gum thereof doth Ioofen, and the juice or the berry doth heal cankers, or fore mouths. |
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;<5p
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N.
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"bX^niffi Radix, which we call the root of a white Dtfodtt, or
TnAu ilePnme-rofe pearlefs, is dry, itdeanfeth anddraweth^ and healeth wounds. in ^T^*^**' which we call Set-wall, is hot in thefirft, and dry
*n the lecond Degree; it bindeth and Spca Nardi provoketh dr^-/lm"wwishotafld dry inthe fourth degree; It burnetii, it
call C f?^ meICeth' and kiIleth Worms J fee Agreatm, which we It- if7^' which wecaIi Gic»is hot and dry in the third degree :
art < Wind>killeth Worfns, and loofeneth ; yet to give too greata quantity is dangerous. PTr,'*is of the fame nature that Salt-peter is, and it mundifietb
exceedingly. |
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CX
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r\Libanum is a gum, it is hot and dry in the fecond degree ; it
0i/ J^/net^ bindetn» clofeth Wounds, and incarnateth.
liwL? '^" w of a very temperate nature, and changeth its qua- lities according to the nature of the Simples which are mixt with mSO""- i.S^°ld and dfyin the fourth deSree' and is a Liquor
S L uP°nPpy dried and roix'd with Saffr0"> it doth ailonim
and provoke fleep. de?rp0p°"1Xrc Gum that is hot in the third, and dry in the fecond
CoM?: c V?ftneth- and ftayeth humours: It is good againft all «»; ^Qlapaver^G^lbanum; Bdellium or Sagaunnm.
Arfrn/7*'0 -Sa. kindof Metal, of which the artificial is called SnS ' llBJhot ln the third degree, and dry in the fecond, it uinaetd, corrodeth, burneth and fretteth, and is a Corrofive. drv i?^0' uWhj? weca!1 wild Marjoram or Peny-royal, is hot and Coughs §ree! " taketh away ftoPP'nSs»and is g°od f°r |
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Bbb 2
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Orobtu,
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U o Of Cures Chhrurgtcd. Lib. 2*
Orobut, which we call Fitches, are hot in the firft, and dry in
the fecond degree .• They do open and cleanfe. OrizjOy which we call Barly, is cold and dry in the firft degree:
It ripeneth and cleanfeth. Vrtka, which we cal] Nettles, are hot and dry : They are biting
and wholefome for the Lungs, or for Sores. Ovnm} which we callEggs,the white is cold,and the yolk is hot,
and doth incarnate. P.
PAnacea. is that Herb whofe fruit we call Opopanax.
Pmico is a grain which we call Panick, it is cold and dry, and hindeth. Papaver, which we call Poppy, the Seeds thereof are white, and
hot in the fourth degree. See Opium. Paftinaehtf which we call Parfnips, are hot, and do provoke
Urine. Pecs, which we commonly call Pitch, is hot and dry in the fe-
cond degree, draweth, drieth and ripeneth. Pece liquidity which we call Tar, is hot and dry in the fecond de-
gree, is good againft Colds, or evil humours gathered together in the breaft, and draweth wounds. Pece Refinai which we call Roiin,or Pitch of Greecet it draweth,
healethand incarnateth. Pece Refwa & liquid*, which we call Turpentine, it doth draw,
skin, incarnate and coaglutinate things together. Pepperis hot and dry in the fourth degree, it is both attra-
ftiveand mundificative, and good for ail DiCeafes of the Breaft or Lungs.. Peaches are cold and moift In the fecond degree: They bind and
ftir up Worms. Petafitesy which we call Butter-bur, is dry in the third de-
gree. " Petroli'um, is a certain Oil made of Salt- Peter and Buv.men,, it is
hot and dry in the fecond degree, it healeth wounds and comfor- teth weak members. Petrocellmmy which we call Parfley,. ©r Stone^Parfley is, and
efpecially his Seed, hot and dryinthe thicddegree: Itftays wind,- openetb, and provokefch Urine. Phtiotimn
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Lib. i. Of Cures Cbirurgkd.______________jTJ^
Philoninm, of which there are two kinds, PbUomm Rommnm,
and Pbiloninm Perficum, are excellent compofitions, and molt com- fortable after the lofs of blood. Pologono, which we call Knot-grafs, is cold in the fecond degree,
and keepeth back humours. Plantago, which we call Plantain, is cold and dry in the third
degree: It comforteth, drieth, bindeth, and incarnsteth wounds. Pom, which we call Leeks, Sections or Onions, are hot and
dry, and do extenuate Obfhuclions, and raife and loofen all evil humours in the Body. Puce or Porrnm, is hot in the fecond degree, and it is good lor all
cold watriih Stomachs. . Pulegium, which we call Peny-royal, is hot and dry in the third
degree, it doth vehemently dry in moifture, warmeth npeneth, and is g00d for the Lungs. PumcumMahmi which we call Pomegranate, is cold and dry :
It bindeth, provoketh Urine, and is good for the Stomach. R.
RAfatio or Rapbamts, which we call Radifh, is hot in the third,'
and dry in the fecond degree : They comfort and are good for old Colds •, but efpecially they provoke Urine. *«/««, which we call Rofin, is hct and dry in the fecond degree:
it ftoppeth, foftneth, cleanfeth,draweth and purgeth wounds, and is good againft cold caufes. Refalgar, feeRifaalla. . ■
Rigoretio or Rigolio, which we call Liquoriccis temperate in heat
and moifteneth, and ripencth, and is good for Heat in the Stomach or Liver, and profitable againft wounds. Rifigalia, is a Compofition of Sulphur, Orpiment, and unflackd
Lime •■> and is a moft ftrong Corrofive. . Roffafios, which we call Rofe-leaves, or Role-cakes,are dry and
binding. ■ Rubea, which we call Madder, is dry: It comforteth and incar-
nateth, the root thereof provoketh Uiine and is good for the yel- lows. Ruberb or Rubarb is hot and dry in the fecond degree, it purgeth
choler and fiegmy,and putteth away ftoppings. Rnt«, which we call Rue or Herb-grace, is hot and dry-in the
third
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aya Of Cures CkirurgkaL Xib. i.
third degree: But the wild Rue in the fourth degree, and there-
fore exulcerateth, the Garden-Rue digefteth, and mightily com- forteth all inward inflammations, it ripeneth, and driethj andex- pelleth wind. S.
SAvin*, which we commonly call Savine, is hot and dry in the
third degree, kopeneth, diffolveth, drieth mightily, and is moft fovereign againft Worms. Sacoro is hot and moift, and is very comfortable. Sagapenum \ lee Serapino. Sagha, or Sagging or Sorgo% of Tome called Pankam Indicum^ is
only hot and dry. Salo, which we call Salt, is hot and dry in the fecond degree :
and it cleanfeth. Salamora, which we call Brine, or Water and Salt, is of the
fame nature that Salt is. Sal armoniack. is hot and dry in the fourth degree: And it clean-
feth. Sake, which we call Sallows or Willows: It bindeth and drieth
vehemently. Sdgemma, is a kind of Salt which is hot and dry: It cleanfeth
and mundifieth. Sal-mtro, fome ufe for this Salt-peter, it is hot and dry, and
evaporateth: It comforteth Sinews and taketh away tiring or wearinefs. Salvia, which we call Sage, is hot and dry in the fecond degree :
it cleanfeth and bindeth. Is good for Wounds, or Exulceration of the Lungs. Sambucuiy which we call Elder-tree or Wall-wort, that is like
Elder-tree, is hot in the fecond degree, and dry in the firft : l£ drieth, digefteth, and coaglucinateth. Sandoh, which we call Sanders, are cold and dry in the fecond
degree, and drive back humours. Sandolo Rojfo or Sandolo Bianca, which we call red Sand or white
Sand, are hot and dry, and bring on skin. Sanguis draconis, fee Cinabar : Yet fome take it for the red Dock,
orred'Patience, but it is not fo. Sapone, which we call Sope, is hot: It drawetb,mollifieth,drieth,
cleanfeth and purgeth. . S40fr^gia,
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Lib.
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Of Cures Cblrurgkal.
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2.
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37?
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Saffifragia, which we call Saxifrage, is hot, dry, and binding.
Scabiofo, which we call Scallions, is- hot and dry in the fecond
degree; they do regenerate, and are good for fcabs, for the lungs, or for the forenefs in the breaft. ScammoniHm, which is the juice of a root, is hot in the third de-
gree : It digefteth and purgeth choler, but muft, never be given in- wardly, unlefs itbe corre&ed. Scarioia^ which we call Endive, is cold and dry, and binding.
Sarcoco/la, is a Gum of the kind'of Enforhinm \ it is hot and dry
m the fecond degree : It cleanfetb, incarnateth, and comforteth Wounds. Sea Onions, is hot in the fecond, and dry in the firft degree j it
rrpeneth and expelleth humours,.it hindreth putrefaction and pre- ferveth health. SemoU^ which we call young Cole-worts, are hot and dry in
the firft degree. Sempr-vive, which we call Boufleek, and foaje call-Stone-crop,
is cold in the third and dry in the fecond degree ^ it is good for burnings and frettings, or for inflammation of Ulcers; itclriveth back humours, cooleth and biudeth. Savadolce is hot in the fecond, and dry in the firft degree : It
cleanfeth and openeth. Serapino, ds a Gum of Ferula, it is hot in the third, and dry
in the fecond degree : It moilifkth , loofenech, and is good for Colds.' Serpillo, which we call wild running Betony or Thyme, fmelling
like Marjoram, is hot and dry in the third Degree. Sinapit which we call Mallard, is hot and dry in the fourth
degree: Itdraweth and refolveth, and is good for Scarfs or wild Scabs. SoUtro, which we call Night-fhade, is cold in the third de-
gree. s"lpknr-vive, which we call Brimftone, is hot and dry ia
the third degree; It draweth, difperfeth humours, and killeth worms. Sfehay which we call Beer-Barley, is a grain lefs than Wheat*
and fhorter than Rye, but not fo black, is cool and cleanfing. Sparaci, which we call Afparagus, is without any manifeit hear
or cold, and only cleanfeth. sfi£* or Spica, which we call Lavender, is hot in the firft, and
dry.
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374 Of Cures Ch'irwgKal Lib. !•
dry,in the fecond degree: It cleanfeth, and is good for the head,
efpecially the Conferve, which is very comfortable.
Squille, is that which we call the Sea-Onion; fee Sea-Onion. ' Stecados, which we call French Lavender, is hot and dry. Storax or Stirax, is a fweet Gum, which is hot and dry .• It correctethjfoftneth and is good for coughs or any ficknefs in the
head.
X
'"Y'ArtarOy which we call Tartar, is the excrements of Wine,
-"■ which ftick to the Veffel: It is hot and dry in the third de- gree, and only cleanfeth. Tdtarjtck, which we call Snails with fhells, are of the fame na-
ture that Snails without (hells are. Tajfo barbaroflo, which we call Yew, is of the nature of poifon.
ThrfenttKe is hot in the fecond, and .dry in the firft degree: It
draweth, cleanfeth, skinneth and coniforteth. Thymum,which we call Thime,ishot and dry in the third degree,
and expelleth flegm. Tbum Lacrima, which we callFrankincenfe, is hot in the fecond
and dry in the firft degree. See Olibanum. Thurts Cortex, is dry in the fecond degree, and bindeth.
Thms fucculis is hot and dry in the third degree.
Tithymalis, which we call Spurge or Milk-Thiftle, is hot and
dry in the fourth degree: It cleanfeth and purgeth flegm and cho- lerj and is good for old fores or fiftula's. Trifora Magna is a certain Compofition which will provoke
fweat, helpeth grief in the Stomach, and taketh away all cold Rheums. tuna Prorata is a certain Mineral that is cold in the firft, and
dry h the fecond degreee, and is very good for fore Eyes. y.
VEratro, fee Elkbore.
yerbenatvfiikh we call Vervein, is hot and dry: It cotnfor- teth and mundifieth. Vtrdtmmt^ which we call Verdigreafe, is hot and dry in the
third degree, and is a Corrofive that eateth away dead flefh.
Vtrmh
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^V' *• Of Cures Onrurgical.
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375
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fine^T' Whkh WE Ca" WormS' d° conSlutinate and comfort
Perec is hot and dry. See Brafic*.
feco^7%Lhi?iWfr?liGIafs' is hotinthe firftand dry in the
!£.u> dfid itcieanfeth. |
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ece. which we call the Kernels of Grapes, are drv-
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Pur*.
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zSd-aFa^°ri> which we cal1 wiId T*m> iscoId in the third,
rrV° gree •' Ic comforteth and bindeth.
drie'f i VVhich We Cal1 Lime, is ho£ in the fourth Degree ■ It
bnriSfc 8T?n?h' b?E being mixed with an^ Md fluff, it
• "sea, and is Corrofive. roo^1?^f^Sch, weca11 B™>ny, is hot, chiefly the
fieth^n n"n,fethLandkllle£hfcabs : Itdr»etn, it draweth, raol-
p- V G,flblveth. ftrpn^LWhich-Wecalltheyoiks of ai}y ESSS» are hot> and do
"'engthen and incarnate. ' UmsZ^ Whkh wecail CoPP«as»is of two kinds, that is Fitrio-
Whirh, *% Which WC Cal1 green CoPPe™s, and ruriolum album, thewv • white CoPPeras, they both are hot and dry, but rSin, ,S^m,UCh t,he ftr.onSeri they take away fcurfs,and kill fcabs. ofinkvetfwr^ -"ll ls;efckonedamonglt Metals, andisakind 1 "1Ky earth: Drieth and fretteth. ■ferS^^^SPj^Srowethonthewall, and is taken
'"r^eiJitory of the Wall. See Helrinc. cleanf/?,', which we call Nettles, are hot and dry, and flop and
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Z.
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ZE(CTr Zh£h We cal1 SafFron> is hot in the firft> and dry in
^on?^SSS
^«/««, fee Zj«/*f. zZ2^ ^ we<?nWorm.fccd, is hot and dry.
hath the SenlKn £ Ca" GinSer> .is of the "ature of Pepper, and » SoSfor Sdlto"aDJ.ftPIW5 ltmaintainethna"ral heat, and ^Sf wSS ?ughs and helP«h the fhortnefs of Breath.
deS«*andt aflaveth i,?°UrdS' "If?1 and raoift in the fecond
lings. aaa lE auayeth all manner of Inflammations, or hot fwel- Ccc CHAP.
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Of Cures Qwurgcal. Lib. t*
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CHAP. CXCVII.
Certain Principles touching SIMPLES. Y6u (hall understand, that touching Simples, fome are only
toeafe pain, as Linfeed, Camomil, foft Greafe, Suet of all forts, or any other Oil that is hot in the firft degree i and whenfo- ever any of thefe Simples arecompounded with their like, the Me- dicine is called Anodyna, or Lynogs. There are other Simples which are aftonying, benumbing or
bringing deep; as Opium, Mandrake, Poppy, Hemlock, and fuch like, which are grofs and cold in the fourth degree \ and whenfo- ever any of thefe Simples are compounded with their like,then the Medicine is amongft Leaches, called Narcotica. The third fort of Simples are fuch as incarnate or breed flelh,
as Frankincenfe, Flour, Saffron, Yolks of Eggs, and fuch like, which are hot in the fecond degree •, and whenfoever any of thefe Simples are compounded with their like, then the Medicine is cal- led Sarcotica. The fourth fovt of Simples are corroding,fretting or burnmg,as
Arfnick, Riflagallo, Mercury, Lime, and fuch like, which are hot in the fourth degree •, and whenfoever they are applied fimple or compound, then the Medicine is called Corrofive. The fifth fort of Simples are thofe which be called mollifying,
and are four in number ■, that is, green Mallows, white Mallows, Violets, and Brank*m fin. The laft fort of Simples are thofe which are called Cordials, and
are three in number : that is to fay, Violets and Buglofs of both kinds.
And thus much touching the nature, ufe, property, and ope-
ration of Simples- |
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Lib. 2. Of Cures Onmrgtcd. 3 77
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CHAP. CXCVIII.
Of Weights md Meafures, and to kpow them by their CharaUers,
ALbeit I have in this work fet down your Weights and Mea-
sures in fuch plain Englifh, that every one may underftand them: Yet forafmuch-as the more curious do fet down many excel- lent Receipts under obfcure Characters, I think it good here to ac- quaint jou with them all, that when you find any fuch, you may not be ignorant in the underftanding of them. Know then that the leafl of all weights is a grain, which is the
weight either of a Barley-corn, or of a Pepper-corn, and his Cha- racter is G. or Gr. Siliqna is four grains, and his Character is /
An Engli(h half-penny is five grains, and his Character is ob.
A Scruple-is twenty grains, and his Character is 9.
A dram is three Scruples, or the eighth part of an Ounce, and
his Character is 5.
. A Roman Peny is the fame that a Dram is, and his Character
isX. An ounce is the twelfth part of a pound, which is twenty four
lcruples,and four hundred and eighty grains, and his Character is |. The Character of half an ounce is | fs.
A Pound in medicinal Receipts is twelve ounces, and his Cha-
racter is ft. The Handful is fix ounces and a half, and his Character is M.
* he Character of as much as you can hold betwixt your Fin-
gers is p. ' The Character for a drop is Gut.
The Character for three drops is Gut. iij.
re fsis half a Pound.
3 fs is half an Ounce.
5 fs is half a Dram.
9 fs is half a Scruple.
i ) fs is an Ounce and an half.
M) fs is an handful and an half.
v) is half an handful, which is three Ounces and an half.
-«»w or *», is like, or of each alike.
C c c 2 And
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37 8 Of Cures Ckirurgkal. Lib. *•
And thus much touching Weights, and their Characters.
CHAP. CXCIX. The Farriers Inftruments expounded, with their Names and Properties. THe Figure *. fheweth the Hammer,which driveth in the nail.
Figure 2. Pincers which breaketh off, clencheth and draw- eth the nail. 3. The Butter is that which pareth and openeduhe Foot.
4. The Rafp or Rape, which maketh fmooth the Hoof.
5. The Cutting Knife,which taketh away the fuperfluous Hoof.
6. The Fleam, with which he letteth blood in the Neck, or in
the grofs places where the vein is great. 7. The Farrier's Lancet which openeth fmall veins and threads,
where the Stroke may not beufed. 8. The Incifion-Knife, to open Impoftumes, and to cut away
fuperfluous Flelh. 9. The Cronet to take up Veins.
10. The drawing cauterizing Iron to open and ftparate the flelh
either found or impoltumed. 11. The round button cauterizing Iron to bore holes in the skin
and fwelled places. 12. The Mullets tocleanfe Wounds.
13. The Barnacles to pinch an Horfe by the nofeor ears, to
make him endure pain patiently. 14. The Needle to ftitch up Wounds.
And thus you have a full Explanation of all the needful Inftro-
sae its belonging to the skilful Farrier. |
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Lib. i.
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Of Cures Cbimrgical.
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179
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The Farriers Chief Inflruments.
6
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& Jt
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•^Y
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«*
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THE
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POSTSCRIPT.
CourteoHs Reader,
HAving now with infinite Labour and Induftry
perfected and finiflied this my M A S T S E R- PIECE for the Cure of Horfes and Mares, wherein the Phyfical part of Horfemanfhip concerning thofe manifold inward Difeafes which are incident to Hor- fes is clearly difcovered, and the Chirurgical part concer- ning outward Accidents, is plainly opened and defcribed; and having for the more abfolute Advancement of Horfe- manihip, and to give Satisfaction therein, made a parti- cular Speculation and run through every Part, Vein, B°ne, Sinew and Artery of the Horfe's Body, demon- ftrating not only their Number and Place by Figure, but alfo considering their DifafFeclions and Difeafes which do thereunto belong; and having alfo with much Pain (as a Work of this difficult Nature requireth ) brought it to a full period, not only giving you a few terms of Art concerning Horfemanfhip, but making an Anatomy from head to foot of all the Integral parts of a Horfe, with their Difeafes inward and outward, and their Phyfical, and Chirurgical Cure exa&Jy prefcribed and fet down, and have given you "ocular Demonftra- tions of the whole Fabrick of the Horfe's Body. So that as in a Map you may behold every fmall Parr, River, Creek or Stream running up and down.within the Superficies of the Earth ; fo I have likewife made and drawn divers Pi&ures, felting out all the parts and parcels of a Horfe's Body, and that they may be plainly feen and confidered, I have moft lively delineated and figured
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381 The Poftfcript.
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figured out every Part and Vein in the Horfe, where to
find it from Head to foot. I have alfo Anatomized the Horfe in every Bone, that you may perceive their Con- junction, and how they are joined, and thereby judge of their Diflocations, and putting out of their places; and all this you fliall at one view behold in the feveral Parts and Figures which you fhall find in this Book. Therefore, I would advife all Gentlemen, and otfiers,
who being of a generous fpirit, cannot chufe but delight and take wonderful pleafure in Horfes, to confider, that for want of Care and Experience many excellent Horfes falling into flight and common Difeafes, have either ut- terly perifhed, or elfc been lamed and fpoiled ,• it will be therefore a Study worthy the thoughts of a generous Spirit, to know how to accommodate and apply Cures and Medicines to the outward and inward Difeafes of Horfes, in regard that a Horfe is a Beaft whofe praifes cannot be fumciently declared. The Horfe is commodious for common ufe, as plea-
fing Tillage, and tranfporting of Carriages and Burthens, and alfo for Men's continual occafions and daily Journeys. In time of Peace, when Princes did ufe to recreate them- felves with Hunting Deer .and other wild Beafts, Horfes were always had in high eftimation and honour; and thofe that would out-run the Wind, and made the beft lpeed after the Chace were mofl efteemed, fo that there could be no pleafure in hunting, if they had not Horfes to carry them after their Game,- and what a bral'e fight is it to fee, in a field an hundred or more hunting Horfes riding and running this way or that way after the timo- rous Deer, or fearful Hare ? Therefore the Horfe, as he was made for induftrious Labour, folie is fit to main- tain and procure the Plcafures and Delights of a Prince, or any Nobleman. |
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And
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The Poftfcript. 385
And; moreover iRi\Var, the Courage and Service of a
Horfe is daily now feen, and $00 well known ; he will. asrifjhe.wereanimated by thefound of Drums and Trum- pets* prefemly.mfliuntothe Battel, and take delight to charge-the Enemy; he,is all fire, and full of mettle and fury. And thus we fee that a Horfe is not only conve- nient for daily occasions of the Husbandmen, of Travel- lers, and divers others, but in Princes Courts he is highly efteerned for Hunting, for Races, and other Paflimes ; and alfo in the Wars,, his daily Service is fufficiently known, being a Beaft of a magnanimous and undaunted Courage^ fo that the Horfe is naturally made for Profit and Pleafure; for Labour and Delight,- for Peace and War; for Hunting, for Triumphs, and all gallant occafions. It is pity then that a brave Horfe, well-limbed and
spirited, falling fick in any inward Difeafe,; or outward accidental infirmity, as Sprains, Ditlocationof Bones, Spa-* Vlns, and hundreds more, mould be fpoiled in fuffering the Difqafe to grow on him until it be incurable, or in ap- plying Remedies unfit for the Malady ; whereby many a Horfe becomes majmed, and far want of Cure,utterly difa- bled fGr any Service. .. Therefore my advice and cou-nfelis, (as I faid before)
^i if; any Gentlemen whatfoever, mall have their Hor- *&'Richer by outward accident, as Sprains, pricking in the Feet, and the like; or inward Surfeits, Glanders, Colds ana Heats, by intemperate and extraordinary Riding fall *ick,: or become through the aforefaid Infirmities any ways diiabled for Service, they mould not depend upon their 9yn Experience or Judgment, but fliould wifely confider witti _ themfelves, and confult with the Farrier, reafoning ogether, and comparing their Opinions concerning the ^ufes and Cures of fuch Difeafes as are incident to their An tllat foby tIlis means> by the height of Difcourfe
andReafon they may come to a certain and infallible know- D d d ledge
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|8 4 The Poftfcript.
ledge of the Horfe's Difeafes and Infirmities, and having
diligently fearched out the Caufes thereof, they may know lik'ewife to cure the fame ; for you mall meet with many illiterate Farriers, who are not Book-learried, and there* fore have no more knowledge than Horfes themfelves, but are fubjedr. through their Ignorance to run into many gro-fs Errors, fo that through their Negligence and aforefsid Ignorance, rriiftakingthe caufes and cures of Difeafes, and in one word, moll grofly, for it is good for experience both in the Theorick and Pra&ielc part of any Art or Science. For another (to my knowledge) many good Horfes do
continually remain lame and unfit for Service, or elfe do utterly perhh for want of underflanding their Difeafes and the particular Cures thereof. Therefore as wife Phyfi- cians do confult together when they meet with a lick Pa- tient, fo Iadvifeboth Gentlemen and Farriers to compare their Judgments together,whereby the Bead may be faved, the Gentlemen and Farriers gain Credit, and their Experi- ence and knowledge in the many Difeafes of Horfes much bettered. Moreover, for the Readers greater benefit, all Simples
and Compounds good for Horfes are Alphabetically here placed,and the Conditions of them whether hot or cold, with their Names and Qualities are defcribed. Alfo what Ounces, Drams and Scruples are to be given in any Drink- If Gentlemen be unacquainted with thefe things, let them confer with the Farriers, and fo confirm their Judgments byDifcourfe. And fo, courteous Reader, I have left you my beft Work thus acecmpliflied, and thus perfected, that I know, in all the points belonging to the Cure of Horfes, { it will give full fatisf action, if the Reader follow the Advice ofthisPoftfcript..
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THE
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TABLE
OF THE
HRST BOOK,
CONTAINING
All Cures Phyfical.
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apter. ,.
HE Compofttion of Horftsmm
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i
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■ 2
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2 Of Elements 5
f as* 3 O/ Temperaments ~
4. Of Humours g
i^Of Members -r<$
<$-0/p«,n>e« ^r
7 0fASium9rOmmaas r2
$ of spirit* ;3
9 Of things not natural 16
10 Of complexions xg
U Of inward fickpejjts ,9 ^ /I£fe 0/ S'CM**,- ■ ,. 23
13 0/ Obfervations in Pbyfickpig . 2-
lh°f "Urine and Excrements J*
»S O/Fewrx » §£
11J 7^ Quotidian so
17 The Tertian !J
*9 The Quartan ,' fLc
, ^ Odd* IS,;m
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~tel
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The Table.
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iH
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Chapter. Page.
19 The continual 3l
20 The Hetique 3*
2.1 _ 77?e Autumn Fever, 33 2-2 7"fo Summer Fever 3 3 23 The Winter Fever j 34
24 Fever itffurfeit 35
25 Fever- ptftiknt i 3 5
25 0/Vfe .?%#« 3tf 27 Fever accidental • 37 f~§» 28 One general approved cure fer~4(L Fever* ~ 38 29 jpifcafesjn the head, $
30 OfHead-ach \ 39
31 OfTrennie 4O
32 Qf the fleepipg evil, 41
33 AHorfetakgn 41
34 Of the Stagers?-. rS 43
35 OftheFatting-M 45-
36 Of the Night-mare •. 46
37 OftkePal/te, 47
38 Of the general cramp 48
39 0//fo coW 50
13= 40 How to take away any cold ^ ' ^T*5i r|, 41 The best of all medicines for the cold - ^ \9 & r«2 42 Of Hide-bound • J53
43 Of the Glanders 5*
|^a 44 Tipo £W<«> Cures for the Glanders. Vg 4.5 O/V&e mourning of the Chine PfcJ) |3» 45 A certain approved wedkine for themuihwg* of We &i ft gi 47 Of the cough 6t
48 Of the wet ecugh 55
49 Of the dry cough 64
Op $0 Two approved cures for any cold cough 6-] FjL 51 The befi,Medicines, for any dry couib 61 fiOfbroken Lungs. * ■ ■ *8 53 Of rotten Lungs H $i Of jhortnefs of Breath , £9 55 Of the broken winded 71
56 Of the confumption 74
^%JO>mfHmftm.ofthtfit(h 7? " "' • - -' 58 7*
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The^-fable. 377
Chapter. Page.
58 Tomakeafiorfe fat 75
£|p 59 The mirror and mafierof all medicines to fatten a Borfe 78 *o Of the breast-pain 79
611'Of'the Anticorror heart-Jicknefe 80
62. Of tired horfes 80
63' Of loathing of meat- 83
64 Of cafling out drink. .84
65 Of glut of provender 85
66 Of foundringin thebody 8<S
67 Of the hungry evil 88
A8 Of inflammation in the Liver , 89 69* Ofobftrutlion in the Liver 90 "70 Of the confuntftion of the Liver > 92 71' Of difeafes in the Gall 93 72• I>ifeafesinthe fpleen , 94 73 Of the Yellows 95 74-OftheVropfic: 98 75 O/ffo? Cofo'cJ^. 100
76 Of the Belly ake IOI
77 0/ Cofiivenefs 1 o 1
78 O/^e £«* 10J
79 Of the bloody flix 104.
°° Falling of the Fundament 105 °' Of Bots and Worms 106 I1 °TJ«in in the Kidneys 109 . °5_-0/ the Strangury 110 ft Of the pain pifs. "~....... Hi l\°f^flone J
»6 Ofpifmg blood : 1I4
88 Of the mattering o.f the yard \ \\6
»9 Ofthefheddingofthefeed- \n5
po Falling of theTard \,7
91 Barrennefs of Mares 118
9i Confumption in Marts 119
9 5 fojje o//m ,•„ ^fcw n
S>Vpf;c*ftingFoah: UJ
P| %hardnefs of foaling 120
9© Of making Marestaft their P6*U j 12&
97 Drinking .
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1*9
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THE
-J
TABLE
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OF THE
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SECOND BOOK,
I
CONTAINING
AH Cures
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TjKoportions of members ^
1 2. Of the reins *
i The Anatomy of Ferns TL
3 Of the finews JJJ
3 The Anatomy of finews /J*
^ Of all,he Boms » J^ 4 2Vw Anatomy of Bones £/
5 "Of letting blood j|J
6 Of outward Sorrances ~
o -y/ blood-gotten eyes ,*<.
9 !)(«/; <,/■ y&k ^^^^^^^^^^^^»»o
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££ 10 A cermn and approved Medicim for anyUmdntfs,^ i*7
t5» ii Another totbe fame tffeft l 1
^ Pearl, fin, or Web l6°
13 -4« i»/«ffi*/eewe/or*»¥ TithVwK w Web *7°
H Of the Haw ' " ~ ^
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?9° The Table.
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Chapter. Page.
11 Of Moon eyes 171
\6 Canker in the eye -. r _„ J 72
17 Stripe in the eye 173
18 Wart in the eye 174
19 Inflammation in the eye 174
20 Impojtme tn the ear* 175
2r The pole fvil ;-r 176 l3=> 22 A rare a>hlmtain ckre^for the foiuevU 178 23 Of leaved ears 178
24 Of the vives 179
H^=> 25^ r^re <W certain approved cure for the vives 181 I2|=» 25 Another-excellentcure for the vhes 181 27 Of tht Strangle 1S2 2.3 Canker in the nofe 183 29 Bleeding at the nofe 184
30 Bloody rifts 185
31 TheGiggcs igtf
32 OftheUmpafs. ") ,. , ~\ 187
33 OftheCawery: 187
34 Canker in the mouth 188
3 jr £fo# /'« ^e wow^ j 89 36 The tongue hurt 190
37 Of the Barks 190
38 Paw;'»?k **«/>, W 0/ PTo/wj f«*fc 191
39 OttArrfew* ,93
40. Www »**&»«*. <p4 41 iwellwg after blood letting 19$
42 To fianch Mood l96
A3*«IhngoftbeCrejl .,# h£p $+ A certain apprevtd way to raife the creft *9» 4.0. Of Jheddtng the hatr 20?
47 Grief in the withers 26?
48 AnygaWd back. 20S
49 Canker in the withers 20$
50 O/Vfe /&/«/? 206"
51 Wenns below the faddle zq6
52 Navilgall . 207
fi Swaying of the bask, 208
54 Wcakgefs
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The! Table.
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Chapter. Pafe,
54 Wcakpefi in the back, i®9
SS^wUing of the cods 2*0
56 0fburflnejsorincording an
Q&otch in the groin lti
£1f» 58 A certain approved cart for the botch 213
59 Itch in the tail ll3
6? Of thegeneralfcab , 2l*
*^ 61 Two moft excellent and approved met for the fcabs 217
62, Of halting before 2l8
H Of halting behind 2ZO
HPf hidden grief *21
p Of griefs in the jhoulder' 2"
°6 Wrmh in the fodder 22 3
«7 Wrinch in the nether joint 22*
°* Spotting the (houlder 225
f^houlder.pight 22<»
*-If\ 70 A certain cure for any defperate firain inthefaauUer^&c.^vj 7i Swelling in the forelegs 22%
72 Foundrina in the feet 229
y^Ofthe [pint 23*
*4*» 74 A» approved and certain ewe for any Splent 237
7% Of the Screw 237
1*OftheMallendcr 238
77 Of «n upper attaint 2*9
^ lo An approved Medicine for any {Inew. firain' 24*
79 A nether attaint 241
|o Anover.reachontheheel 242
«i Themellet 242
£2 F*//e quarters 243
£3 Anhorft hipped 244
84 0//?*/% 245
05 -oo»e //>W£« 24.7
^Blood-Jpaven 250
rs*V£7 , "'** approved cure for am Blood-fpaveti whatfoever 2 51:
{M/rteSefiiwfcr ' 251
*9tythehough.bone 252
*W*f*i 254
9* The mules 257
*«e 93 °f
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19z The. Table.
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Chapter. Page-
93 Of Windfalls 258
94 £/rrfi» in the pafiern 26O
95 To help any hailing 261
pr* 96 we rare and approved Medicines to cure Any fimn or Steel- ling vohatfoevef 7.6f 13= 97 Another approved cure for any firam 26%
98 Of' enterfeering 2.64.
99 The fliackfe gaU 26$
100 Casting in the Altar 26$
i'oi The/cratches 266 I3s* 102 A certainandapproved'curt'for the fcratsbes 16% 103 Of the Ring bone 269
104 Hurts on the crontt 270
|^i 105 A certain approved cure for any htm on the Cronef 271 106 7% crown-fcab 27*
107 7/rc Quitter, bone 2 72
108 0/gravelling 275
1 ©9 <?/ furbating * 27"$ ltO frick.in the file -c>* 27^ ill TodravDOutafiub 277 112 The Pig *7f 115 AReirait 27* 114 Of Cloying 5$6.
115 Obfervations for the hoofs 1$1
116 Loofening the hoof 2%t
117 Cafiing the hoof 2$4 •
118 Of Hoof bound z$5
119 The rarming Frufh 200
£j!ja,i2o An approved and certain cure for the runningTrup 287 121 Of ewV &oo/> 28? j 22 0/ j&r/Vf/c #00/} 288 123 To preferve hoofs 2$9 114 //«m o« ?Ae Hoofs 290 125 To foften hoofs ' 2^°
126 To harden hoofs 2?°
i%y Of the Mat-long 29^ 128 To skin a fore Foot 29l
129 Ofgourded Legs 292
Or*- 130 ^ mofi certain and amoved Cure fair gourded Legs - 29$ \%\ Of
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The Table.
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m
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Page-
194 joi 303 308
3o8 309 ■ go?
310 3 JO
3i$
3M
3M 315 317 318 . 31*8 319 319 320 320 321 323
324
32s
325
326
526
327
328
328
330
33*
33i
332
33
333
334
334
170 To |
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Chapter.
131 Of the Farcy
132 Of the Canker
1 S3 OftheFifiida
Pr" 13 4 A rare and Approved cure for any Fifiula
135 Of the Anbury
136 Of the Cords
,137 Of the firing-halt 13S Of Spur.gall
139 Of Wounds in general
140 Hurts with Arrows
Mi Of healing old Sores -Cf* 14^ A certain ani approved cure for any old Sore
143 0/ Bruifmgs or Swellings
144 Of Impofiumes
MS Of cold Impofiumes 146 0/2w Impofiumes M7 0/'fo rwer 148 OffinewscHt^tkc. MP Of fretting with the Girths
15* To te^e an>^ &,»«, &c.
152 To eat dead FieJh
1 S3 0/ #«ofj j« rfce yojww
154 Wounds made with Gun-powder
*5S Of burning with Lime
15^ BitingofamaiVog
x 57 /f«m Wt-^ rf £Mr; 77^
*%% The flinging of Serpents
159 Of Lice
160 Defence from Flies
151 Of Bones broken J5.2 £o»w 0-t of joint J 63 To dry Hp Humours
lit Iffy HP fWrflwus tioWure
* I? ^y^y Swelling
.165 To dijjohe Humours Ml L°™ll>fcHardnefs ies lo harden Sofmefs 1*9 To conglutimte Eee 2
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L
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The Table.
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Chapter.
'ijo Tommdifte
tyi Kepercitfm Medk'ws 1 72 Of burning cgmpofitfflts • 173 For ail manner of Hurts
174 Powder of Honey and Lim
"175 The taking up of Veins 175 Of Cauterizing
177 Cauterizing attnal 1^78 Cauterizing potential 'j79 0/ Rowelltng
180 To £«W Horfes
181 To /»<% Curtals
182 7o w<*% ^ white Star
1-83 To make a black. Star 184 To make a red Star
185 To /»<ifee teV fo come very foott
185 To wwta /wV fmooth and fine ,187 ii/ow fOM% ojf hair in any part of a horfe
388 How to caft and overthrow a Horfe ' 189 #oip to know the age of a Horfe, ' 190 How to make an old Horfe feem young |
>34
355 335
537
337 ,35>
34°
Hi
344
34^
247 348
35° ;35° 352 353 353 '353 354 355 |
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j 91 Bow to make that a Horfe [hall not neigh, neither in Company, e'
vihen he is ridden 3.5^ 192 How to make a Horfe exceeding quick, and nimbleofthe Spur 35"
£93 How to make a Horfe that tires, or is reftif^ to go forward 3-Sl £Jh ,\o^,Other moft excellent and approved ways to preferve ah 0°*y from tiring, never difclofed till now ~\ $$1. 19 5 Hoxv to make a Horfe to follow his Mafter, andto findhim out, <&*
challenge him among never fo many people, 35
3 95 The Nature and fpecjal Qualities of all the Simples that arefppW
of in this whole Work.?, fet down in the manner of Alphabet '$$9
t.97 Certain Principles touching Simples ' >7
3.9 8 Of Weights and Meafares,, and how to know theni fa their f|l'
ratlers ' V ' %l7
1.99 The Farriers Inftruments expounded, wi'th thtir Names W& %r%
perties,- 3,7?
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v fi'-
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FFN, S
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A N
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APPENDI
CONTAINING
Theexafteth RECEIPTS toCuring
All
DISEASES
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IN
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OXEN, COWS, SHEEP, HOGS, GOATS,
and all fmall Cattel.
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Never before made Publick.
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L 0 NX> 0 N,
Printed by EH^ Bolt for M. Wotton and 9m^e
Coniers, at the Three Daggers m Fleet-Street, near the Inner Temple-Gate; and at the Golden (Rj«g in Little Britain, 1695. |
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The right Method for the. Ordering of
battel
I. Of OXEN.
1^H-E worthy Author having excellently treated of the
Order and Government of Horfes, both as to their * Breeding, Feeding and Managing, as alfo for the Curing of all Difeafes they are, or may be incident to, I thought it very proper to add by way of Appendix,this fhort,but neceflary- Treatife for the directions of the painful Country-man in his orde- ring all other forts of Cattel, viz.. Oxen, Cows, Sheep, Hogs, &c> and herein I (hall be as (hort as may be, giving you only thofe approved Receipts, which not only the former, but thefe mo-; dern times have frequently experienced. G H A P. I.
For the CoughinOxen;
A Cough of no long continuance may Toon be remedied by a
Drink which you make with Water and Barly-Meal, adding fome Bean-flour and fome Stich-wort and fo given to your Beaflv A certain Cure for an old Cough, is to fteep two pound of Hyf- %> in a quart or two of Water, well mixtwjth eight pounds of Lentil-peafe mingled together: Likewife give the Beaft fine Wheat and Roots of Leeks clean wafhed, well beat together, fatting. You B3ay alfo ftatnpGarlick with Dragons Water ,new Aleand Batter, a^beingwarni give ittbe Be#.- |
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£ H A P*
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The Dlfeafes of Oxen,
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CHA P. II.
For heap hoof hm/ ; . •
■ : - J
IF your Ox by chance be hurt with a Stub of Wood, or with a
Coulter or Share, on aay.partof the Glees, mix but the pow- der of Brimftone with a Salve of pitch and ©Id greafe well melted together ; then pour it hot on any fore part. To keep your Beafts from Foundringr When you unyoke them,
waft their Feet with cold Water; like wife let their Patterns add Gees-be anointed with old Greafe, and they will do well. To cure the Gravel or a Cut in an Oxe*s foot, 1& him be bathed
in'warm Water, then melt Tar and old Greafe for an Gintment, and if with bldfrefh Greafe you rub and chafe his Feet, before : you unyoke him, nothing is better to preferve them. G H A P. III.
■ ""■ " -"
For a bruife on a Beaji's {hottlder. LAbouring Oxen may be lame or fore bruifed on their Shoul-
ders, either by going on the hard-Ground, by a crufh of a Poft or Gate, let them but bleed on the fore-legs,itfhall certainly heal them., -■ '
C H A P; "IV.
For a Beast thathas accidentally gotten Venom either in his tongue or
Body.
Y"Our Ox will commonly gape, and eat no meat but Hand
holding his head and mourn^ if he has -eat'-alSy* venemous Grafs or fuch like, for Cure whereof give him to fwallow down a white Onion bruifed, well mix'd with a little good Viaegar, but be fure before he has it, you rub his Mouth and Tongue well with it. |
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CHAP.
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Of Difeafes in Oxen.
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C H A P. V.
To kill Lice or TitMffi Cattel
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-
BY taking Cold after a great Rain, by fome Sicknefs or Surfeit,
your Oxen,Kine or other Cattel may be lowfie; for a Reme- dy,rub and chafe the Beaft all over witjb the Decoction of wild Cv lives mixt with Salt,or take Peny-royafcmixt with Garlick ftampt. Give it the Beaft in Ale or Beer,and chafe him a while after. Some fay Rain will kill them,if you fift Afhes on their Backs. If you feed your Cattel well,and put them fnto good pafture,it will not be long ' e'er they are well. If they have Lice or Ticks about them, thefe Medicines above are very good to kill them with. CHAP. VI.
dgainfi the Swelling of Cattel by eating of green Corn.
YOur Cattel will be in danger of Death (without fpeedy Reme-
dy) if through negligence of the Keeper, they eat of Barley, Rie or Wheat,that is near ripe \ for it will lie and fprout in their Maws,and caufe in them a mighty fwelling. To help them, fome drive them up and down, till they fee themaflwage>thereof, and fo they recover. Some throw a new laid Egg, (hell and all into the Beaft's mouth, and break it in his mouth, making him-Xwallow it with Ale. Some give him an handful of Nettle-tops well beat, and ftrained with Wine or honeyed Water. Some ftamp or llrsMu- niper leaves or green Berries with Wine, and give it the B|aft. Others give the Beaft in Ale or Beer, Soot and the hard Rone of a red Herring well beaten. All which are approved Remedies. CHAP. VII.
For an Ox or other Bea(l that have loft their Qmde.
JS^N Ox or other Beaft will mourn, and cat nothing (becaufe he
cannot digeft what he has already eaten^)if he happen to lofe his QPide, as perhaps by fome occafion it may fall out of his mouth, lo remedy this,fome take part of the Quide out of another Beaft's mouth of the like nature-, if it be a Cow wants her Quide, they F ff take
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4 » The Apjwndix.
take part of theQuide of another Cow, giving it her to fwallow
down, and fhewill be well, andlb the like of other Beafts. Some bruife a quantity of theHerbcalled Cud wort, and put it to a quan- tity of Fat,and fo make the~Wm that hath loft'his Quide fwallow it,and he will amend. OtherPput a piece of Leaven into the Beaft's mouth, as aforefaid, and^therehy he will recover : But if he have continued fo long that he is far Ipent and wafted, take out his Tongue, prick the Vein %uderit with an Awl in two or three places, and fo it will bleed.^whereby be will be well again. C H A P. VIII.
For Worms in Cattel.
STamp a good handful of Wormwood, ftrain it with Ale or Beer
and give it to your Cattel troubled with Worms. Some ftamp Garlick and mix it with Milk or Ale, and give them. Some ftamp a good handful of Mugwort, and being ftrained with Ale, give it the Beaft. Others ftamp Garden-Crefles, then ftrain it with Ale, and give them. All which are very good Remedies for Worms in Cattel. C H A P. IX.
_-<■" To help a Beaft that fifletb Blood,
IN arable Uffd you may find ihell-ftones,which burnt and beaten
to powder, and mixed in- a Veflel of Milk and Water is very proper to be given to your Cattel, or you may take Blood-wort and^fct-grafs, and ftamp a handful of each together, mix them witrjSjppd Milk; add to itfomerunnet and fome of the husks of Acornsf Give this in a drenching Horn twice a day, and it will effecl what is defired. C H A P. X.>
lo help Cattel thatcanr.oi pijs,
TAke Cardms Benedittm a good quantity, and fteep it in white v
Wine a whole night, afterward ftrain it; you may alfo add feme Sow thiftles, a handful of Anifeeds and two or three Onions ilictd, all fteeped the fame time and ftrained \ and fo given to the Beaft it will force Urine, and increafe the Appetite. CHAR
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Of fyifeafes in Oxent
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c hap. xr.
tor Beaftsthat At t gore Aw hurt by om another thorns.
V" O U may take red Earth and Oker, and mingle them well tege-
1 ther with alittle Ale, make a Salve of it and fpread it upon a platter. Afhes finely lifted mixed with the Grounds of Ale, have been found an excellent Remedy, but it muft be made very thick and applied by plafter to the place grieved. It certainly heals. G H A P. XII.
To breed Calves and cut them.,
•;j \
AS Husbands relate, it is not convenient to take Calves of which
you will make young Bulls, which are calved within the Prime, which is counted five days after the Change, for they will not prove well: And Calves (or any other Beaft) then Calved are not good to keep, but to eat or fell: Two Calves of a hundred will be enough to make Bulls. For the reft it will be belt to cut them quickly after they have Calved, for two years old; then mix with Litharge the afhes of Vine-Twigs burnt, and put it upon the Sores, three days after for fear of Swelling anoint it with mel- ted Tar, mingled with the aforefaid afhes. Some approve of gelding of Calves young and tender, not with
Iron, but a cloven Hazel-flick prefTed together, raifing the end by degrees, whilft it is confumed. This way is counted belt, for it is performed without wound. It is not fo convenient to cut a Calf (that is big)the firft year, a3
it is the fecond. In Autoran at the decreafe of the Moon; &l$ belt to cut them,the
Sign not being in the place j then take two flreight laths, like Ru- lers of Wood,made in fafhion of a pair of Tongs or Barnacles, caft- ing him down, his feet being traveled together, touch him with Iron,afterwardstakeuptheflone with the Nerves and firings they hang by and clofe your Tongs under betwixt his body and flones j , let the (tones be on the outfide,but clofe them hard together, thea firft flit the purfeof one Cod,and put forth the ftone thereat. Let Fff2 it
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6 The JffenJtiy:.
it be cut off within, hard by the faid tongue,clofe up the Nerves j
then take out the other ftone. For fear of bleeding too much, a- noint him with frefh greafe, and let him go, but cut them fo, that you leave the end of the firing joining to the faid Nerve, and he will not lofe fo much blood, and will not be feminate nor flout of his Members. After ye have thus drefled, anoint him with frefh greafe. CHAP. XIII.
The Government of Cattel and the ordering pf Kine with their Calves.
TH E right and good ordering and nourifhing of Cattel and
Kine (as able Authors relate to us> muft be the care of the Husbandman himfelf, or fome honeft experienced Servant that will have a diligent eye over his Cattel, whether they be Oxen or Kine3 at home or abroad, and to fee that they have (both Morning and Evening) Meat and Water fufficient, and in due time5and if fick,to provide them Medicines,and to get flails for them to lie in,fet Egfi and WeftjWith windows and doors Southward, but clofe Northly* for the better fecurity of the Cattel from the fharpnefs of the Winter. Some hold ftrewing of Salt beat, on the boards or Hones under them to be good for the prefervation of the health. Some ftrewfand on the Piancks for fear they fhould Aide. Befure they be well Uttered after their work at night. If you put them out in the Spring with your Kine, feparate the
young Calves as foon as they have fucked their Dams,and put them feveral into a houfe, where they muft femain one day, if you have amindtheyfhouldfuck, turn themout to their Dams only mor* ning and night, then houfe them again. Thus doing, your Calves will be fairer and fatter than going with their Dams. It is neceflary • to give Kine with Calf of the green herb called Meiilot,ftamp£ with Honey fteept all night in Milk, the herb aforefaid f although fhe be a good Nurfe herfelf) without fhe be well looked to by the Ow- ner, fhe will not be able to give nourifhment enough to her Calf* Farmers Wives may (without any wafte) make Butter and .Cheefe, when the Calves are took up and the milk put apart, gather your Cheefe well and clofe, prefs out the Whey clean,if you leave any in the Cheefe will be fowr and full of holes, fcald and wafh your pots andother Veflels throughly. Let not your Women-fervants touch the Butter or Cheefe when they have their monthly terms, far k is not
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Of Difeafes in Oxen. 7
1 ' "" " ' ' ii™^—»■ ■ ---------------■-------------------------------------■— t fl i 1 ipimi 1
not wholefomerit is not a good figD for a day-labouring Ox to bate
none of his flefh, bat to continue fat, for he is flegmatiek. Open his mouth every eighth day, wafb it with his own Water, it will draw forth the flegm, which he would ftill fwallow down. The flegm oft»times hinders, his eating,and you may difccrn that it 00- cafions the Catarrh or Rheum by the hanging down his Ears, by the dropping of his Eye, and being watry : Then bruife Thyme in white Wine and warn his mouth, and rub it with Fat and Garlick well mixt \ after this warn it again as before. Several Remedies are prefcribed for it, but for the Catarrh of Rheum, if his eyes do inflame, let but blood on the Vein under his tongue, and you mail find the Cure perfected to your hearts content. C H A P. XIV.
for \wpng ofCattei.
BRuife and feeth in Water the leaves of Adder, ftrain them,
give them to the Beaft in the morning, and both Choler and Flegm mail be purged downwards by it: It will likewife cleanle the flomach of Water. Others take a quart of Ale or Beer,putting into it a good handful
of the tops, leaves and flowers of Centaury, which they'boil until a quart of it wafte away •, then it being pretty warm (but be fure well ftrained)tbey give it the Beaft, if the fign ferve. This is a gentle purge for choler and flegm, but chiefly flegm, and is ne- ceflary at any time for the Cattel. If the weather be fharp, let hirrt be in the houfe fix hours after. Some put into a pint or more of honeyed Water or Ale a handful of green Broom-crops,which they fteep at night, and fo(being ftrained the next morning)gi,ve it the Beaft warm. There are feveral other.things might be fet down,but Ehefg ,weU ordered, the Beafts will do well, God willing. CHAP. XV,.'..
Far Fatting of Oxen.
COuntry men,and my Friends,if you defire to fat yourOxen well,
obferve thefe following Directions} firft he will like his Meat the bstter if he go in the.Sun, or if with warm Water he be warned thres
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8 7be Appendix.
three times a week ; then give him to eat ground Beans,dried Bar-
ky, or Eton-leaves; or if you boil Coleworts with Bran, it will make their Bellies loofe, and add to Nutriment morethan Barley; ChafFlikewife fosnetimes mxt with ground Beans is very gbod. If your Ox by labour be weak or feeble, once a month give hira Fetches beat, andfteeped in Water mixt with beaten Bran, and to make your Beaft lively and nimble,rub his Horns with Turpentine being mixt with Oil-Olive ; touch not any other part of his head befide the Horns,for it will in fome time endanger his fight. Alfo if you rub and chafe tha Muzzel or Mouth of an Ox with Garlick bruifed or Leeks well beat; he being made to fwallow it, he will alfurediy be cured of a riling that comes over the heart of the Beait', whereby he feems as though he would vomit. C H A P. XVI.
A certain Cure for the Murrain or Plague amngft Cattel.
THere are feveral Remedies for the Plague or Murrain amongfi:
Cattel,if taken betimes. Infectious blood caufes the difeafe; it is vulgarly difcerned in the head by a fwelling, they will have great eyes that run with Water; they will eat though they arefick, and when once they froth at mouth they are near death. For Cure of this Difeafe,itis thought good offome to bind afmall Cord hard about the neck, then take a Launcet and ftrike on the farther fide, where you will find a Vein, bleed him a pint or more,and fo for the other fide of the neck: It will ftanch,the Cord being taken away, but it is more dangerous of Bleeding ftill if the Sign be there; and if it continue, put to it Nettles and wild Tanfie bruifed with Salt, and fome give them Drinks. Thus ferve your infected Cattle,be- ing all together in one Pafture, by this means you will avoid great peril in this difeafe. The Murrain is caught by venomed Grafs, by Company, by poifoned Water, and by Hunger. CHAP. XVII.
s To rear up Calves that they may iticreafe. IT will be prudence in a Husbandman every year to rear as many
Calves as he thinks neceflary for the maintenance of his Stock. Thofe
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OfDifeafes in Oxen.
Thofe that fall betmxtCandlemas and Mt$ aie efreeraed of bell,
for at that time they can fpare their milk, and there will be grafs enough, and they will be able by the next Winter to fliifc for themfelves with other Cattel, being looked after a little; alfo their Dams in Jut.e will take Bull again and bring other Calves in the fpace above-mentioned. A Cow is barren oftentimes and the Calf weak, if it be after jT%e'er(he Calve, and befides it would be too chargeable to rear Calves the latter end of the year and to keep their Dams in the Houfe all the Winter, as it is praclifed m fome places: Again for their own advantage it will be belt they come betimes, that they may put them out, for grafs increafes a great deal more milk> when the Kine are abroad, than hay or ftraw at home, for dry meat will abate milk, grafs does not ,• and if your Calves have been ufed to grafs, wean them abroadand not at home; your Calves will have great Bellies if you wean them with hay, grafs makes them ftir better, and not noxious to them, in the "Winter-feafon inflal them, rather than let them run abroad a- nightsi when you take them in, you may give them hay, but in the day-time let them feed in the Fields. Obferve but thefe Directions, and you will find them a great deal fitter for the. Plough, when you come to make ufe of them. ■
CHAP. XVIII.
For a Cow that has newly Calved wanting Milk..
A Nifeeds boiled in Ale or flrained, given warm to a Cow that
has newly Calved, and being poor wants Milk, is very good for the incfeafe of it, Colewort-leaves boiled or raw, will do the like: Alfo Barly and Fennel-feed fod together is good for hen There are feveral others, but thefe are the principal approved Medicines to increafe Milk in Kine. CHAP. XIX.
For the Shoulder-bone of a Beafi oM of joint.
VOu may eafily difcern by the tripping of a Beafl on the fame
Foot,that the Shoulder-bone is out of joint; for Cure where- of throw him on the ground,and bind fall his other three legs,then ftretchotit the other leg and put one hand on his (homkler, where the
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i o T)?e Appendix.
the Bone went out,and the other near his Body within fide,and place
the Bone'rigbt, and juft even with the other Bone; when it is right and fait together, get two wooden pricks of a length, and boring two holes crofs under the skin in the middle of the joint, frombojth fides of the joint, they mult be diftant an inch and an half from each other, and there put your pricks crofs under the skin,then wrap it round with ftrong pack-thread binding of it round the ends of the pricks,draw up the skin in a lump with iti fo when your thread is fattened, there let it be until it drop away of it felf, and the Beaft will be well, fit for work in two days time. If it be in the heat of Summer, anoint the place with Tar by reafon of the Flies. C H A P. XX.
To care Cattel that be fick. and will not feed in Pafiwe.\
BRuife and boil ofHorehound, Camomil, Betony, Cinquefoil,
Peny-royal and Agrimony, of each a like quantity alike, in a. quart of ale, until half of it be coafumed, with a ftick ofbruifed Liquorice ; afterwards ftrain it,and mix it with threepeny-worth of good Treacle, give it him fatting, when it is well mixt toge- ther, walk him for fomefpace after, and he will certainly recover. CHAP. xxl.
A certain Sign to know if an Ox or Cow be found.
GRipe him on the back with you hand behind the fore-fhoulder
and if he be not found, he will /hrink with his back, and al- moft fall down ■, but on the contrary, if he be found, he will not ftrink in 'the leatt. . CHAP. XXII.
\A Remedy for the Difeafe in the Guts of an Ox or Cow, if it be Flux,
Colicky, or any fuch like thing. IF at any time your Beaft be troubled with the Colick,Bel]y-ake or
gnawing in the guts, it will fpeedily give him eafe, if you boil good ftore of Oil in the Water he ufes to drink.Por the Bloody Flux give the Beaft fome powder of Wood,Rofe-feeds well beat & dried, and brewed with a quart of ale,and it will cure him. Chap. |
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Of Difeafes in Oxen.
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1 i
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CHAP.; XXIII.
ForWeaknefs, Stifnefs orSonnefsjn the Sinews of a Beail.
JF your Beaft's Sinews beat any time tender or do (hrink,you mav
perceive it by the flow pace he goes. Bind to the place out of order Wallows and Chickweed ; but they mult be boiled in the Dregs of Ale or Vinegar, and being very warm when you lay them on, they will very much ftrengthen the Sinews. CHAP. XXIV. ^^^^^
J Cure for the Palate of a-Beaft's Mouth that is down.
THe Palate of a Beaft's Mouth by hard working will be apt to
come down, which you may difcern by two things,they will often figh, and would fain eat, but cannot: To cure him, throw him down, putting it up again with your hand, then bleed him in the Palate, and anoint it with Honey and Salt, and turn him to Grafs, for you mull not let him eat any Hay or dry Meat. CHAP. XXV.
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For any inward Difeafes in Cattel.
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TAkc a handful of Wormwood and as much Rue,and boil them
in a quart of Ale j then let it beftrained, and put into it two fpoonfulsofthejuiceof Garlick, as much of Houfe-leek, and as much of LoWow-Treacle 5 make it lukewarm, mix them well toge* ther, and then make the Beaft drink of it, and you will in a ftort time fee the virtue of it againft any inward Difeafe or drooping ia Cattel. CHAP. XXVI.
For all forts of Brmfes in general.
FRy the leaft fort of Brook-lime with Tallow, and apply it hot
to the place that is hurt, and if it does not expel it, yet it will* ripen it, and break it, and heal it, as many by Experience have found to be very true. Ggg CHAP.
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11 The appendix.
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CHAP. XXVII.
-d Remedy to kill any forts of Worms either in Oxen, Cows, or Calves.
CHop the Herb Savin very fmall, beat it withfrefti Butter,then
roll it np in Balls; give it the Beaft, and it will deftroy the Worms in their Bodies iooner than any other thingLikewife a little black Sope mixt with fweet Wort, and given theBeafts to drink, will make them void their Worms better and quicker than other things. CHAP. XXVIII.
Againfi the Com in Cattel. YOU may difcern by the often riling and fwelling of your Beafb
Joints, whether they have the Gout or not: For Cure where- of, boil Galengal in the dregs of Ale and fweet Butter, and being made like a Pultice,clap it to the place that isdifordered. CHAP. XXIX.
For Purging of Cattel as fotne do.
GReen weedy Grafs growing nnder Trees in Orchards is the
belt thing to purge£eafts naturally, and the belt purging Medicine for them is Sugar-Candy, Butter and Tar, well mingled together, then rolled up in Balls as big as Hen-Eggs, and fo given them. C HAP. XXX.;
Things gpod to breed Milk in Kine.
TF your Cow after (he. hath Calved come not down as it was
wont to do,beat to Powder, Coriander and Anifeeds, and put
-them into a quart of ftrongPoffet Ale, and make her drink every
• Morning ; which.thing alone will beget great and wonderful i|-
creafe in her Milk : befides it willaffuredly cgufe it to fpring,arid
rome down in abundance.
CHAP.
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Of Difeafes in Oxen.
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CSH A P. ^XXXI.
For the Mot in Beafts.
]F your Beafts wax lean,flight their Meat, or fcour much be' hid,
you may aflure your feif they are fubjeft to rpttenaefs j you muft beat to Powder Bay-berries, and mix with it Myrrh, Ivy- leaves, Elder-leaves and Fever-few,a good lump of Clay aiiuBay- Saltall together in itrong Urine, and when it is warm, give the Beaft half a pint thereof to drink, and it will firmly knit and pre* ferve them. ■ CHAP. XXXII.
AgahiSh Vomiting of Blood.
J Mu'ft give ydu to■underftand, that this Sicknefs happens vo your
Beaftsby being hard.kept,and then put into good Pafture,where they feedover-mach,and fo getfuch rank Blood, that yoa may dii- cernit flow from their Mouths, The remedying of this muft be to bleed the Beafty and afterwards to drink give him fome Bole- Armoniack and Ale mixt together. CHAP. XXXIII.
Far the over, flowing of the Gall in Beafts. JF. the Skin and the Eyes of your Beaft look yellow, it is a true h'gn
■*■ oftheover-flowingoftheGall: For a Remedy, firft let him bloodyafterwards for three mornings oae after another, make him a Drink of two pints of Milk, Saffron and Turmerick ; mix it all together ; then give it him, and it will h«lp him, CHAP.* XXXIV.
To draw out Thorns.
IF at any time your Beafts accidentally get Thorns of Stubs in
their Feet,get but fome black Sope and black Snails,a:id let them be well beat to Salve j then lay them to the fore place, and it will" by degrees draw them out, and your Beaft (whether Ox, Cow or Calf) will in a fliort time be perfectly well again. •Ggg2 CHAP.
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The Appendix.
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chap. xxxv*.
u4 Cure for Feverijh Cattel.
BEafts many times forfeit by their Meat being raw and muffcy,
whereby the Fever cometh upon them, or if they are kept in the Cold (thiougha Flux of cold Humours ifigendred by it) they will have a Fever. If they tremble, groan or foam at mouth, it is a true fign they have it.- To cure him, let him blood, fprinkle his Hay with Water, and boil three or four Plantane Roots, and two fpoonfulsof London Treacle in a quart of Ale, and then give it bim to drink. Thefe Remedies afore-mentioned are thebefx (as by experience feveral
have found) for Oxen, Cows, and Calves, fame I kvow by my own Experience •, others are collected out of fuch ahle skilful Authors that would "never have preferred fuch Medicines r if they would not certainly have curedthe Bea&s. |
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The
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The right Method for the Ordering of
CatteL
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II. Of SHEEP.
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CHAP. I.
Some port but fure Rules for <* certain Cure ofVifeafes in Sheep,
F the greateft quantity of your Sheep happen to fall fick,
change of Pafture will conduce much toward their Recovery, and place them a good diftance from the Ground they went in before: If the Murrain come by.Cold,put them in the Sunj if by Heat, in the Shade : Alfo over driving them,and fo will lying ftill be the worfe for their Diftemper ; you mult keep them going on a moderate pace. Like wife it will be much better to part them at their new Paftures, for in a fmall parcel the Infection will not prevail fo much as in a great quantity, and a few will be fooner cured than a great many. CHAP. II.
For the Itch and Maggots in your Sheep,
BRimftoneand Tar well ftirred together over a fmall Fire is an
excellent Remedy ; when the Wool is '(beared off anoint the fore place with that above mentioned. Likewife Powder of. Brim? ftone mixt with Wax is good for the Scab. • c h a p. in.
For Sheeps Feet.,
A Certain Cure for Sheeps Feet that are Galled, is, if you beat
**■ a Pomegranate not ripe with Alnm, and adding to it a little Vinegar, apply it to the place. Or the powder of Galls burnt, mix- ed with red Wine, and fo laid unto it, is very good. CHA P..
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Tl?e Appendix,
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CHAP. IV.
For broken Bones in Sheep,
IF accidentally any one happen to break his Leg, the Bones will
be knit again, if you briiiie young Allien Leaves, and lay to it, or apply to it the Herbs of Comfrey, Betony, or Cuckow^fpit well ftampt, and the bones will knit. CHAP. V.
For the Glanders or Snivel in Sheep.
Give them to drink honied Water, well mingled with the Juice
of Betony, and it will help them. Some for their Cure take a Stick, and (at what time they think fit) cleanfe their Nofes of all the Matter and Snivel they can get out.: Others ftamp the Herb* called Bucks-beard with Wine, which they fay is an excellent Re- medy for to drive Cold or Flegm out of their Bodies. CHAP. VI.
For Sickpefs in Lambs.
IF yourLambs have aFever,or are grieved otherwife,thedilLemper
will be catching ^therefore take them from their Dams,and if you would have them well again in a fhorttime,forcethem to drink rain water mingled with fome of the Ewes milk. Atfo fome pour down their Throats, Goats milk with a Horn, and for fome time after keep them warm ; which is prefcribed for an excellent Medicine. Sometimes your Lambs will have fcabs on their Chins,fometimes on other placesjif on their Chins,wafh the palate of the Mouth and Sores with Cyprefs Leaves damped in Water \ or Tar and Hogs- greafe mixt and made into an Ointment,is very good,but you muifc wafh the fcab with Vinegar, before you anoint it. If they happen to be fcabby on the Brisket or elfewhere, I might fet down feveral Remedies, but I fhall inftance but one, which I do imagine to be the belt, becaufe mod Shepherds do generally ufe it, which is only fome fine Greafe mingled with Tar,and fo to lay it upon the place infe&ed. CHAP. |
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Of 7)ifeafes in Oxen. \ y
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CHAP. VH.
Some (liort but necejfary things to be obferved concerning Sheep. Flrft,. if the Wool come off when they have been fcabby,greafe
them with Tar and Goofc-greafe, and it will grow again. Secondly, for the Cough, ftamp the great Nettle, then let it be
ftrained with Wine \ and give him of the Juice -thereof to drink, but it muft be warm j and fo he will be well. You mull be fure to take it in time, for until it begone he will not be fat, but abate in his Flefh daily. Thirdly, if a Sheep be blind, which they will be for a fpace at
one time or other, fome fay he will be well again of hirnfelf, but if you bleed him under the Eye, or drop T2r in his Eye, he (hall re- cover his fight the fooner. Fourthly, Scabs ofte-n come on the Muizels of Sheep by prick-
ing their Lips and Muzzels with eating the TopsofFurz, which you muft anoint with Plantan and frefh Greafe boiled both together and it will perfed their Cure. Fifthly, They are troubled with the Haw in *he Eye, for which
the Juiee of Pimpernel dropt into the Eye and ihut it clofe, is very good. Sixthly, A Shepherd muft always carry with him his Knife
Sheep hook, Sheers and Tar-Box, and a Dog muft not be wanting, which muft be fuch a one as he has brought up to his own com- mand, to go or ftand ftillas he pleafes.. Seventhly, Sheep fometimes have the Pox, which you may dif-
cem by things like red Pimples on their Skin, and Locks of Wool will hang loofe on their Backs ; the Pimples will be as broad as a Groat and many Shieep for want of early looking after, die by it. Eighthly, Sheep by feeding on Hills o,r places, full, of Fern are in
the Spring-time corriDSMly troubled witluhe Cr,an:>p„ or as fome call it the Woodf Evil i which Difeafes (without fpe-edy Remedy J will endanger .their Lives in two days, timer. F<?*r Cure caufe them to be anointed with NeafS-Foot, Oil and Haufleek,,-lamped toge- ther, or Scallions of Buglofs ftamped and bound to their Legs is good. Likewife it will help towards their Cure to remove them into fome other lower Meadows to feed in. Ninthly,Sheep in the hot feafon will be troubled with Fly-blows
and
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The Appendix.
and Maggots, which you may be certain of, if they bite, ftampor
(hake their Tails,and many time they are wet; to dry it up,throw Powder that is very dry upon it,fome time after frrike it off again, and anoint it well with Tar, and they will be perfectly well. Tentbly, by cropping fome noxious Herb your Sheep maybe
poifoned,which you may eaiily know by their Heads hanging down, and they will f*ell, and ftagger,and foam at Mouth, and in a (hort time (without fpeedy Remedy) fall down dead, which to prevent, cut the bladders which you will fee under his tongue, then chafe it with Lome beat fmall,or the crums of Bread, afterwards wafh it down. If his water be Hopped,pour fome Drink down his-throat, and give him juice of Wormwood in Vinegar, and it will cure him. Eleventhly, Sheep may have Worms in their Guts, which come
by rcafonof iomecold Humor} you may knowit by feveral things, he will not feed as formerly,he groans,hangs downhis head,and ma- ny times fwelis, which without help will fpeedily kill him.- .Now for his Cure give him Powder of Worm feed in a little Maiaifey or Powder of Savin in Ale or Wine finely beat and it will through* ly heal them. Twelfthly,if you imagine your Sheep have the Rot,honeyed Wa'
ter warm mixt with Elder-berries will clear their Bodies of Water, orfeeth a little Water, putfome Milk fo it, then.give it to them'; for it will purge them betwixt their Flefh and Skin. If they will drink fait Water after they have been a great Journey, you may aflure your felf of their health, and they wjUdowell. C HAP, Vlli.
For the red Water in Sheep
SHeep are oftentimes troubled with the red Water, which is a
poifonous Difeafe, ver y noxious to the Heart j for this Water will fo fcaldandconfume that at length he will perith by it, with>- out fome fpeedy help j which mult be done thus : Firft, Bleed him in the Foot between che Claws, and under the Tail ; then ftamp Wormwood and Rue with Bay-Salt, and it will cure them, being applied to the fore places. <* fir i .
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CHAP.
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Of Difeafes in Sheep. t g
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C H A P. IX.
For the Itch or Scab in Sheep. yU Aft the fcabby places of your Sheep with the Root of Ca-
melion noir and the Herb Bears-foot boil U both together in Water i it muft be warm ; and without any other thing thev will be cured. C H A P. X.
Herbs hurtful for Sheep.
SEveral Herbs are very noxious to Sheep, 1 fhall inftahce the
principal;Firft,Spear- wort,which ufually grows in moift olaces is thick and hard of digeftion. Knot-grafs and Mill-dew'd Grafs are not good,Black Ellebore is very hurtful for Sheep or other Car- tel, if they eat any ftore of it. Two-peny Grafs, and dead Grafs or rotten Fog, which is in low Commons and Meadows is very de- ftructive to them, and will breed the Rot in them, Hemlock and Mufhrooms are naught for Sheep. Lailly, If Sheep eat Oak- leaves when they are green, it is bad for them; efpecially for young Lambs, for it will certainly kill them. CHAP. XI.
Agah ft the Gall in Sheep.
gHeep will ftand ftrinking their Four-feet together, if they are
troubled with the flowing of the Gall; you muft let him blood under the Tail, then give him to drink half a fpoonful of good Vinegarand as much JqmFiumixed together,and he will be bet- ter. CHAP. XII.
The Taming Vifeafe in Sheep. s
gHeep oftentimes hold their Head on one fide, by reafon of this
Turning Sicknefs. Some Shepherds give advice, that if the Sheep hold their Heads on the right fide, ye muft cut off the Horn on the left fide, for under the Horn there lies a Worm which will be killed if you anoint it with Tar, and they wiil be well again. Hhh JCHAP.
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20 T/;e appendix.
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CHAP. Xlif.
Some Directions to encreafe Milk,in Ewes,
T Here is nothing better tten altering of Pafture for the increa-
fingof Milk in Ewes ; put them to graze fometimes in Val- leys, fometimes in Hills, let them feed longeft upon fliort Grafs, if it be fweet, for there they eat moft heartily ■, for touching giving them Fitches, Dill and Anifeeds, and fuch like, Milk will fpring much better by Change of Rafture. CHAP. XIV.
For loo/e Teeth.
IF your Sheeps Teeth be loofe, let him blood in his Gums, and
under the Tail, and afterwards rub his Teeth with Earth, Salt and Sage, and they will fatten. CHAP. XV.
For the WiU-Fire in Sheep.
THere is a dangerous Sicknefs, which is called the Wild-Fire,
that will infeft the whole Flock, if not lookt after. Some bury the fir ft infe&ed Sheep alive, with his heels upwards before the Sheep-Coat door; but it is very certain jou may fave your Sheep alive, if you take but Chervil, ftaisp it with old Ale, make a Salve thereof, and anoint the Sore therewith, and your Sheep will be fure to recover again. |
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21
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The right Method for the Ordering of
CatteL
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Of HOGS.
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JM.
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Here arc feveral Difeafes which Hogs fas well as other .
Creatures) are incident unto, which you may find dif- courfed of in the Pages following , with Directions for. |
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the Cure of them.
CHAP. I.
For Impoftumes under the Throats of Hogs.
IF your Hogs have Kernels or Impoftumes underneath their
Throats, they muft be let blood under the Tongue; and when they have bled fufficiently, beat fome fine white Meal and Salt together, and rub and chafe his Throat and Groin with it, and he will do well. Others prefcribe as followeth : You muft give them fix ounces of Garum, which you may buy at the Apothecaries, then with a flaxen Cord bind it thereunto with Ferules of Wood, and hang them about his neck, fo that they may touch thelmpo- iluaies and Kernels, and it will certainly cure them. C H A P. II.
Directions to preferve your flogs from the Meafels.
TN the heat of Summer, as from the middle of July to the mid-
die of Attguif, in which time are the hotteft and Dog days, you muft give your Hogs fome cooling Herbs chopt frnall, as Lettuce, Endive, Succory, Violet-leaves, Fumitory, Dandelion, Sow-thiftle, and fuch like, or the Leaves of Dwale, they muft be mingled with their Vvafh or other Meat. Thefe Herbs aforefaid are very good to keep them in a cool temper; you muft ufe but a few of the Leaves of Dwale, for they are exceediug cold in Operation. For I muft acquaint you that it is the great and vehement heat of Blood in H h h 2 Hogs
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22 The Appendix.
Hogs which doth breed the Meafels.. There will be Kernels in the
outward part of the Body, whicji will appear in his Throat, and at the roots of his Tongue, and you may firfl know his Infection, if he be hoarfe, or rattle in his voice when he cries, it is a certain fign *, then if you look into his mouth, you may fee the Kernels under his Tongue •-, thus you may know Meafly Hogs. Likewile to preferve them from the Meafels, put mens Urine amongft their Wafh, and it will keep them from it. Sope-water and Fifh-water is naught for them, it-will breed the Meafles: Some fay, if you of- ten ufe to put Muftard amongft the Wafh they eat, it will in a fhorttime make them Meafly. Now it would be neceflary to give you fome Directions to cure
your Meafkd Hogs, for take ail the Care you can to prevent it, fome may happen to be fo. An approved Remedy to help them, is to (hut them up in a'Sty without any thing whatfoever, either Meat or Water for the fpace of three days and three nights. Then make a hole in the tops of half a dozen Apples, and take out the Cores i afterwards fill it up with Brimftone beat to Powder, and cover the Brimftone with Pieces of Apples, and fo throw them to . your Meafly Hogs j firft give him one or two,and fo the reft> for being hungry he will eat them all \ then after two or three hours give him a little Meat, and no more until the next Morning; then the next Morning ferve him as aforefaid with five or fix Apples, as before is directed. Thus ferve him five or fix days, and he will be wellagain. Alfo fome mix the Lees of Sope, with fome ftrong LeeofaBuck, and give that, and ufe them as the other aforefaid, and give him no Meat for an hour or two after , and they fay this is a very good Remedy againft the aforefaid Sicknefs. CHAP. 111.
What Herbs are good, and what are had for Bogs to eat*
THE F Oaffadilsare very good for to cleanfe the Lights
of-fc:-gs, Knot-grafs is good for Hogs,and they love it mar-
vellous we'll; it binds the Belly, and Caufes Urine i the Juice of it put into the ears, helps the pains in the Head ; thefe are the Herbs that are whoifome- Likewife ma*y there be that are not who Home.- The Herb
called Goofe Foot, or theCasnelion Thiftle will kill Hogs,if they eat
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D'tfeafes in Hogs.
eat of them. If they eat of Hen-bane or Hemlock, which is fo
cold in operation, that they are very nigh unto a cold Venom, and will make Hogs lie as if they were dead for fome time v to Cure them, warm the Juice of Cucumbers, give it them to drink, for it will make them Vomit, whereby they will lb throughly cleanfe their Bodies, that in a (hort time they will recover their Health agsin. CHAP. IV.
Of the Garget, Catarrh, and Staggers in a Hog. .
Flrft, for the Garget, it is very noxious to them and many are
killed by it, you may know by a Swelling and Inflammation in the Throat behind a Hog's Jaws. For to give him eafe they do ufe to flit the Sore in the middle, and then flay up the Skin on both fides of it j afterwards they rub it with Salt within, and lay Tar without, and he does well. Some rub it with Nettles and Salt. Some mix burnt Alum with Plantane, Hogs have fometimes the Catarrh or Rheum,which makes their
Eyes water j it happens to them by eating a great deal of rotten Fruit, which breeds a corrupt matter almoft as bad as the Plague. For help, old Capers mixt with their Meat or Wafh is good ■■, or Coleworts both red and white put amongft their Meat is alfogood: Some mingle Marfh-Mallows with the Meat. Others, boil Liver- wort in honied Water, and give it them. All thefe aforefaid are excellent things to flay the Rheum or Catarrh, For the Staggers in a Hog, give him of the Herb called Stare-
wort or Gall-wort in Milk, and he will amend. CHAP. V.
How to kjll Lice or Maggots in Hogs,
AS long as your Hogs are louue they will not thrive ; befure
you keep them well in cold Weather, for it is through Po- verty and want of good feeding in the Winter, they are fo full of this Vermin. To rid them, take Qaick-filver, firlt kiil it with falling Spittle and Sallet-Oil j then mix therewith frelh Greafe or Neats Foot Oil, and fo anoint them all over. Some melt Sope and Tar together, withthe Powder of Staves-acre, and fo anoint them
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24 The Appendix.
them with it. If Maggots breed in your Hogs Ears, or sny other
hollow place under the Skin, drop the juice of Hemlock into the hole, and they will die or avoid ; alfo take but Oil and put in that place, all the Maggots will die or avoid the place incontinent, if • they live ; this has been well experienced by feveral Perfons. CHAP. VI.
How to /pay a Sow.
VOu muft firft lay her upon jfome Form or Board, then with
a Cord bind her mouth fait, lay her fo that her left fide be upward :, then take your Launcet andftiip away the Hair two • inches long, three fingers from the hinder Leg, and likewife from the edge of her Flank. Then with the point of your Launcet cut ailope her Belly through the skin two inches and a half long, fo that you may put in your Fore finger towards her Back, and there you (hall feel two Kernels as big as Acorns on both fides the Birth, and with the top of your finger draw on to the flit, then cut the fixing with your Knife; fo take out the other alfo, and cut them off, then ftrikeaway the Blood and ftitch up the flit again with a ftrong Thread. Befureyouhave afpecialcareofher Guts j then afterward anoint her with Tar, and fo you may let her go. |
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25
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THE
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A i\ JD Jlj jOj
OF THE
APPENDIX
I. Of OXEN.
Chapter Page.
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\0r the Cough in Oxen
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F2 For a BeajPs Hoof hurt 2
3 For a Bruife on a Beaft's Shoulder 2
4 For a Beaft that has accidentally gotten Venom either in his Tomue or Body * 2
) To k}ll Lice or Tick? in Catttl 3
6 Againft the Swelling of Cattel by eating of green Corn 2
7 For an Ox or other Bgaft that have loft their Quide
8 For Worms in Cattel .
9 To help a Beaft that fifteth Blood 4
10 7b help Cattel that cannot f ifs *
11 For Beafts that are gored or hurt by anothers Horns 5
12 To breed Calves and cut them *
j 3 The Government of Cattel and the ordering of Kine with their Calves $
14 For Purging of Cattel 7
15 For Fatting of Oxen 7
16 A certain Cure for the Murrain or Plague among ft Cattel 8
1 j To rear Calves that they may increafe 8 18 For a Cow that has newly Calved wanting Milh^ . 9 \$ For the Shoulder-Bone of a Beaft out of Joint i 9 20 To cure Cattel that be fick^a'nd will not feed in Pafture 10
21 Acertain Sign to know if an Ox or Cove be found 10
21 A Remedy for the Difeafe in the Guts of an Ox or Cow, if it be Flux., ' Colicky or any Juch Hk$ thing 10
23 For Weaknefsy Stijfnefs or Sorenefs in the Sinews of a Beaft j 1
24 A Cure for the Palate of a Beaft's Mouth that is dawn 1 r
25 Fer
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The Table.
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I!. Of S H E E P.
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III. Of H O G S.
Chapter. Page.
1 T^OR Impofihumes under the Throats of, Hogs 21
2-f Dtreilnons to preferve your Hogs from the Meafels 21
3 What Herbs are good, and what are bad for Hogs to eat 2 2
4 Of the Garget, Catarrh, or Staggers in a Hog 2 3
5 How to kill Lice or Maggots in Hogs 23
6. How tofpay a Sow 24 FINIS.
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THE
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Complete Jockey;
Or the moft exacl:
RULES and M ET HODS
To be obferved for the training up of
RACE-HORSES-
SHEWING,
How to prepare them for any Heats or Courfes, with the manner
of their Keepings, Inftruftions for their Dreffing and Looking to, their Scounngs, Diets, Matches, and Racings, with every Parti^ cular to be obferved therein; the like not publifhed to the Work before. To which is added,
The moft Experienced way for Buying Horfes; and Inftru&ions tc
avoid being Cheated upon the like occafion 5 with a relation of th* Cheats and Tricks the Jockies and Horfe-Courfen put on thj unexpert Buyers. Written for the Pleafure and Profit of all Gentlemen and others,
who take delight in any thing of this Nature* |
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LONDON, Princed in the Year, 1695.
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O F
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Race-Borfes.
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CHAP. I.
The be ft ^Method, and fpeedieH l?ay for Ordering of
<3{ace-Horfes, to fit them for any SMatch in what Eftate foever they be. AT fuch time as a Horfe is matched, (or defigned te
be matched) for a Race, or Gourfe, let hirn, to whom the Horfe belongs, or whofoeyer (hall have the ordering of that Affair, be very circumfpe&in obfervingthe Condition or Ability of Body inwhich the Horfe is at the time of fuch his being matched, which chiefly ought to be taken notice of in three feveral Rules or Methods, the which I here (hall undertake to lay down for the better fatisfa&ion of tbofe whom it hereafter.may concern. i. The firfi: of which is, if your Horfe be Foggy, Grofs, or
over-fat when he has been lately taken from Grafs, or Soil. 2. The fecohd likewife to be obferved is, If he be more than
ordinary Lean, either by reafon of two hard Riding, or any Di- feafe has pulled him down byhindringhis feeding. 3. Thirdly, If he be in good plight, and has had good keeping,
dealt well by, and moderately rid orexercifed. A a a a a 2 N'ow
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Ibe Complete Jockey.
Now in the firft of thefe you cannot take lefs than two Months,
or ten Weeks,to bring your Horfe into a fit condition for a Match, which muft be done by moderately Dieting him and often Exerci- fing hiai,which wafts the fuperfluous greafe, and makes him long- winded, both which will make him more fit and apt to win the Wager laid upon his Head. As for the Second, If your Horfe be exceeding poor, then about
fix Weeks fpace muft be allowed, with good feeding and moderate exercife. Now for the Third and Lad of the fore-mentioned conditions,
which is a medium betwixt both j lelTer time will ferve to fit him for the match yco do defign to have him run. About a Month or five Weeks will be fufficient, if you obferve the Dieting of him, which muft be indifferently well. But feeing I have given you an account of the particular Eftates
or Conditions of Horfes; So now 1 muft give you fome cautions therein to be obferved: Firft then, note if your Horfe be fat and unwieldy,you muft have a regard to his Exercife,for if he be over- free, and is willing to put out his ftreBgth and abilities to the ut- rnoll, fo that his fitfh quickly fall away, you muft reftrainhim, and not put him to too hard Exercife, for he cannot bear it like thofe, who are hardy by nature, and grow fat with any Diet, or any reafonable Exercife. Yet farther, if your Horfe be in a poor condition by any hard
or ill ufage or diforder of Body, yet not withftanding any thing in the like nature, grows quickly into good liking, and fo continues foraconfiderable time; you need not, neither lhall you be fo ten- der of him as in the cafe of that juft before-mentioned, nor at all reft rain him from his Exercjfe,for ifyoudo,he will foon grow unfit for yourpurpofe. Thus far have 1 thought fit to inftrucl: fuch as are unskilful, or
have not the mod expedient Method,-for preparing Horfes for Races. And now 1 think it moft convenient to give my Reader a full fa-
tisfa&ion and ample inftrusftion as to the dieting and ufing of Hor- fes, and lay open the fecrets moft neceflary to be obferved by all according to truth and the moft innate Sincerity. And firft of the fat Horfe, becaufe in him are comprehended the other two, by reafoo he may be made lean, or between both, as the Mafter of liira thinks moft convenient, &c CHAP,. |
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The Complete Jockey.
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CHAP. II.
The way and manner of dieting or feeding a Horfe to jit him far a
Racey being Fat or Urofsf immediately after hu being tak$n from Pafiure or 5«»/, as to the firft two weeks. NOW if you lay a Wager, or match a fat or unwieldy Horfe,
which has been made fo, either by being kept at grafs in long idlenefs $ or ftanding at his Stall,and there over-laviihly fed j, to bring him to a fit condition to perform your expectation, for the firlt Fort-night you muft be up as foon as day appears,if not before, to attend him, and having put on his Bridle, which yon muft be fure always to let hang upon the Rack elofe by him, dip- ped either in Beer or Ale, which will not only put him in mind of his being rid, but alfo make him the more familiar with it,and love it the better when on. This being done, cleanfe the Stable of the filth, and then fall to drefling of him, which according to the belt method, is as follows. Firft, Curry him well in every part, but begin with the Head,
then his Neck,Back, and Hinder-parts,after that his Shoulders and Fore-legs as low as the Knees, that done, ufe your dufting Cloth, or fomething in the like nature, and with it dult him over in eve- ry part, then rub him well with your hard bruih,beginning firft at the Head, and omitting no place whatfoever there,as the Temples, Nofe, Ears, Under-jaws, and Fore-head, then proceed to the others parts as before, not forgetting his (hanks, nor fetting on of his Hoofs, going backwards by degrees till the whole Body be well rubbed, after that take your wet hand and ftroke him over gradularly, not leaving him rough nor wet in any part. Then with your wet hands or a foft Cloth rub gently his Yard,,Ieftic!es, Sheath, Ears, between his Thighs, and all other private places whatfoever: After which, with a Hair-cloth or any other hard Cloth, if that be wanting, rub him over again, being fure toob- ferve the rubbing of his Face well, as his Cheeks,between his Jaws, and on his Fore-head, the rifing of his Neckband Fetlocks^ and other places as yoaihallfee occafion. Which
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6 Tf?e Complete Jockey,
Which being well done, take a clean woollen cloth fomething
fine, and cleanfe him with the fame, beginning at thz Head, and fo proceeding as you were taught before, leaving no part un'rub? bed -7 Laftly, with a Curry-comb well wetted, comb out the Main and Tail very decently ; thus much for rubbing and cleanfing ; which is as neceflary in the ordering of Race-HorieSjas their meat. The next thing to be obferved is, to cover his Body with a large / Cloth for that purpofe, either of thick Kerfy or thin Stuff accor-' ding to the feafon of the Year, or as heat or cold (hall belt agree with the nature of the Horfe,upon which put his Saddle,girting the forernoif Girth very hard, but the other flack; then under it thruft two wifps of clean ftraw, whichmayftretch.it to an equal .ftraightnefs with the firft, then putting a thick Breaft?cloth on you may mount, but if you pleafe you may firft fpurt fome Beer or Ale into his mouth, which will make him champ and feel his Bit the fooner, and. be fare that your Stable be made clean before you bring your Horfe in again, the Dung and foul Litter being laid at the door, and it well ftored with irefn •-, for if the Horfe Hand not upon good ftore of Litter, and have it Hkewife to lie cry "in, he will not thrive well nor feem half fo pleafaut as he will with it; for which purpofe of all the ftraw, Wheat-ftraw is the bell, and mult be ufed on thisoccafion unlefs it cannot begot, and then the next to it is Oat--ftraw,for both Rye and Barleyrftraws-do much annoy your Horfe, by reafon the one doth caufe him to be much troubled with the heart-burn, and the other to loofen him, and makehimfcour extremely. Being thus upon his back,you nruft ride him eafily for the fpace
of half an hour, for if you gallop, or ftrain him prefently yon do him much injury, by reafon that it ftretches his Sinews too much on the fudden, which is apt to ingender cold humours in the Joints and Nerves, fo that the Horfe wilfbe ftifF after it, if not carefully, if not quickly remedied by bathing his-Legs with Oil of Swallows or Earth-worms ; but after by gentle riding they are made pliable, you may gallop him eafily, but lee it be by any means upon plain and firm ground, or if you lire near any fteep Hills, whofeafcent is fmooth and firm, let it be up them,then walk him down in your hand, a foot pace, or a fmall amble, that fo he may ceol by degrees j the beft time to begin to exercife is before the Sun rife, or as foon as it is riien at the fartheft, then after bis breathing
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Tl?e Complete Jockey.
■ Y ' .....
breathing, when he begins to be cool, lead him to fome pleafatic
Spring or River, and there let him drink his fill. Then gallop him again, but Hot too hard, when you have done
fo, for about the fpace of a quarter of an hour, bring him again to the Brook or River, and let him drink if he fo pleafes, but if not, then give him a gentle courfe or two to raife thirft in him, the which no doubt will do it,for take this as a general Rule,that be- fore and after water, you be fure to breath him gently. After he hath drank three times,and been breathed the like num-
ber, you may bring him home, and coming to the Stable-door, where the Dung and the foul Litter is laid, let him ftand upon it; after you are alighted from his back for fome time, and by foftly tapping or hitting his hinder Legs with your fw itch or wbip,make him ftretch them as far as hecanbackwards.andby pieafant whitt- ling provoke him to Urine, which if herefufe to do once or twice, yet atlaft he will doit freely •-, and thereby you will preferve your Stable from filth and noifomnefs, which otherways would much offend the Horfe. He being come into the Stable, rub his Fore-Legs with wifps of
clean Straw, pntticg all yourftrength thereto, butfirft, be fure to tie his Head up clofe to the Rack in his Bridle, then his Breaft, or Fore-cloth being taken off, rub his Head, Breaft, and Neck. After that,unloofe his Body-Cloth, and rub him well in every part, but efpecially in the Saddle-place, his Saddle being hung up in bis light \ and after he hath been well rubbed with dry Cloths, cover him up again with a linen coverer, and upon that put his wool- len Cloth, or more if the Weather be cold, if warm, they will be fufficient, but be fure to obferve they are dry when you put them on. After you have girted them clofe upon him, ftop in little wifps
of light ftraw quite round him, between the Cloths and the Girts, let them by nomeansbe knotty or hard, left they hinder him of his fleep, and make him lie uneafieby hurting his fides; when he is thus cloathetf, tleanfe his feet, by pulling out the gravel or earth that they may have got into them, and with warm Cow^dung ftop the fame up clofe ; after that is done, put about half a fmall arm- ful of Hay, that is very fweet and good, into his rack, bound up as hard as poffibly you can bind it, but firft let it be cleared from Dufl: or Seeds as well as may be, and take not off his Bridle till he has
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8 The Complete Jockey.
has eat it or moft of it, for it being bound up hard will make him
pull it with more than ordinary eagernefs,and then confequently' he muft eat it with a good ftomach, but let him not ftand above one hour and a half Id his Bridle, but having taken it off rub well his Face, the ridge of his Neck, and each part of his Head with a rough Cloth made of Flax or Hemp, but the latter is the belt, be- cause if it be new, the fmell of it is very wholefome,and being apt to make him fneeze, will thereby cleanfe his Head of grofs and crude humours lodged therein. This being done, cleanfethe Manger of all the fcattered Hay,or
other things offenfive that may be in it, then take about two dou- ble handfuls of thebeftold Oats that are free from ChafFor Seeds, be fure they be the largeft and fulled you can get, for the good- nefsof Oats is known by their weight, fuchas many do call Polo- mat! Om, or fome more vulgarly cut Oats, for thefe ofnecefficy are wholefomeft and bed ; for if you give your Horfe thofe that ate muftyor wet, they wiilcaufe feveral little rifings in the Hor- fes Body, or more properly termed fwellings, and fuch as be not old breed lutle worms in the Belly and caufe pain; it is very hurt- „ ful for to give your Horfe any Oats that are not throughly dref- fed, for they will not only cheat him in his feeding, but make him flight them* nor are black ones to be allowed of, unlefs in .time ofneceffity, and then they are not wholefom. Therefore be fure when you give him his portion of Oats,
which muft not exceed a quart at a time, you muft lift them fo, that all the light Oats and Husks may fall away, and whatfoever - elfe you imagine offenflvejas Duft or Seeds, Straw or other Grain, after which put them into the Manger j and obferve whether he eat them heartily or not, if he do, you may fupply him with the like quantity again, ordering them as the former, fo depart and leave him to himfelf till about tenor eleven of the CIock,at which time you coming again to him rub his Head, Face, and Neck,with the Hempen Cloth before recited5then give him another like quan- tity of Oats or fomewhat more, order them alio in the like man- ner before you give them to him, after which leave him for the fpace of two hours, and let him remain during that time in as much darknefsas your Stable is capable of, and not only then, but al- ways in your abfence ■■, for the moreobfeure and dark he is kept, the better will he eat his meat,and the better will he take his reft; for
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The Complete Jockey.
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for note, a Horft will feldora lie down in a Stable that is very
light, nnlefs he be much wearied either with ftanding or Travel • tocaufethemoredarknefsroanyareufedto line their Stables 'or atleafttheStallwherethe Horfedefigned for Race Hands, with Sacking or Canvas; not only to makeit dark,but to keep him the warmer, by iheltring him from wind aod duft After the end ofthefaid two hours which is about one of the
Clock; you mutt vifit him again, and give him another the like quantity of Oats ordered as the former, and rub his head neck and face as before ; which done, give him a fmall bundle of Hav hard twilled together, and let him alone to eat that by himfelf and fo let h.m continue■til] four of the Clock if the days be long! but if fnort, not paft three. ' Ufa' Then according to the time come to him again, and the Stable
being well deanfed, wet the Bit of his Bridle in Beer, and fo fatten the Reins of it to the Rack as foon as you have put it on whirh being done, takeoffhis cloths and drefs him according t'oZ you were taught m the morning; he being well drefled, bring him forth and put his Saddle upon his Cloths as formerlv and endeavour to make him pifs upon his Dung and old Litter catt without the Stable, then as foon as you pLfe you may m0un^ him, and ride him asm the morning, only let this difference be generally obferved, thatyour.de him not up any hills that are fteep in the evening, but upon the plaineft and firmett ground you can find; or ,f you will for change, fometimes in fmooth, green Meadows that are dry, or by running waters if they lie conveni- ent, or that there be any near you 5 and let him take all the Air he can, andI oftenifuffer him to gaze upon the Stream, but fufFer himnottoftandflil] but keep him in a continual motion either Galloping or fhort Pacing which many give the term of racking; if he at any time as you lead him in or out of his Stable, offer to fmell to any Horfe-dung though not his own, hinder him not' for that will caufe him to evacuate and fit him the better for his meat. When he is well watred and well aired at the cool of the day
(or if it be within night ,t matters not) bring him home ffor X£\- KrehSI10ihml^tter ■» "d hi* of graft and fonlbmonrs
"°ke a^?ad m'h hl"» early and late) and when he is come to
the Stable, obferve that nothing, according to former ordering of
Bbbbb %im
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Tlie Compkte Jockey.
him be omitted, but all done with care and diligence, the which
i hope by this time you have fo well taken notice of that I need not to repeat it over again •, let his diet be likewife the fame, and let him ftand at it by himfelf two hours or more, according to the Seafonofthe Year,,in his cloths; in Winter you may let him ftand till nine before he has his Bait for all night, in Summer later if youpleafe; then coming to vifit him you mult give him near three pints of Oats fifted, drefs him in every part, give him a fmall bundle of Hay in his Rack, and after having raifed his Ut- ter leave him till the enfuing morning. When betimes you muft abroad with him again and ufe him as
you have been taught, fo that in the fpace of two weeks you may bring him to fuch apafs, as he will be fit to ride or take any mo- derate heat,but beware how you ftrain him too mnch,for it will do him a great injury; thus having after theexadteft manner inftruft- ed you as to the firft fortnights keeping, I (hall next proceed to give you Rules and Methods for giving him Courfes, or as fome term thsm Heats, &c. CHAP. III.
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Qrders moft carefuily.to be obferved in the Courfing or Heating your-
Horfe.
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TO begin with which, I muft inform you that you muft not
give above two Couries in a Week, for if you do you will fpend him too much, although he be never fo-lufty, and thereby Weaken him and make him unfit for your Race. The next thing to be .obferved is, that one of the times muft
benpontheday youdefign he {hallrun the Match; the two days muft be as equally diftant from each other as you can divide the Week, therefore you ought to make your, Match accordingly j Mondays and Fridays, or Tuefdays and Saturdays are the ifixteft if youcan fo model the affair, for thofe days have the moftdi- ilance between them; if your Match be defigned on the Monday let that and Friday be his heating days. |
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But
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The Complete Jockey.
But if on Tuefday. or Wedne'fday, then Saturday mutt be the
other that muft lerve to both, 'becaufe.it is unfeemly to do it on the Sunday, and fo you may obferye of whatsoever day it (hall fail out to be, that you keep as near as you can an equal distance of time between his Courfes or Heats. But again, you muft be fure to obfervein what weather you
ride him at fuch times, for if it be wet, that is, if it either Rain, Snow, or Hail, you muft not give him any heat till fuch time it be fair,unlefs necelfity urge it,as when k rains moft part of the Week or fo; and then you muft chufe the time when it holds up beft, and let him be covered very warm, not only his Body, but his Head, Neck, Ears, Breaft and Shoulders i for his Head you muft provide a covering made with little bags to put his ears in and be fure you keep him abroad as little time as poflible, for the damp raw Air will at fuch times indanger much his health. But to the laft particular that is to be taken notice of in this
Chapter; be fure if the weather be fair and ferene, get him drafted and abroad with him as foon as day-light appears, but not before, by reafon it is very incommodious in this cafe both to the Horfe and Man, and thus much concerning his Courfes or Heats, which is the moftriecelTary thing to beobfervediri preparing him for your Match; now to the fecond order of his Keeping and Feeding. |
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CHAP. IV.
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The manner of his fecond Fortnights Feeding, 'and the care to be
obferved therein.
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IN this as in the former, you muft be circumfpecl; to obkrve the
cleaning of his Stall, giving frefli Litter, and keep it lighted up that his Bed may be always foft, and the old with his Dung and'Stale caft out at the Stable-door, then when you come to him in the Morning give him a quart or fomewhat more of well drefled Oats,drefled as you were taught before, e'er you put on his Bridle, i which being eaten, drefs him in every part with fuch B b b b b i cloths
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The Complete Jockey.
cloths, brumes, and combs, as you formerly have done, which
being perfected according to the beft of your skill, furfingle on hh cloths, and then fet his Saddle upon his back and ride him a- broad, galloping and racking him moderately, and between each time of fo doing water him, and let his bringing home and Stabling be in each particular obferved as in the foregoing fortnight, the which you have been fo amply taught that I think there is no need of repeating it over again, only this take notice of, which is not yet laid down ; when you have brought him into his Stall before you pull off his Bridle take a wifp of the beft hay you can get, and holding it hard in your hand after it is welldufted, let him eat it thence, and give him all the occafion youcan to pull hard at it, and if he devour it with a good Appetite fupply him with more, and do fo three times at leaft if he will eat it, for by fo doing you will bring him to be familiar with you and win much upon his good nature j when herefufes to eat or that you think he has eaten enough, take off his bridle after he has flood in it about an hour, then rub him all over anddrefs.bim as formerly,which ended, give his Bait of Oats in quantity and manner as has been often declared, but by no means forget to fift them. Then having his diet-bread by you pretty ftale, which muft be about three days old at Ieaft,it being then the wholefomeft and molt commodious for him to eat, and after having eaten it tod igeft; the manner of making it accor- ding tothe moftskilfnl prefcribers is as you fliall be (hewed in the following Chapter. |
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GHAP, V,.
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The firfi Diet to be given in the ordering pur Race-Horfe, and the
way, to. make it.
Fir ft", to make this Diet-bread you muft take half a btilhel of
the beft Horfe-beans, well lifted from any Seeds or Husks, or three pecks, if your Horfe be a great feeder \ to the latter .you muft put one peck of the beft Wheat you can get, to the former quantity proportionably j.you may grind'them,divided if you pleafe, and
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The Complete Jockey,
and fo mingle them afterwards, but in my opinion they will be
beft ground together,after which drefs the meal as fine as you can, fo that there be few or no husks or bran left in it; then take the beft Ale-yeft you can get, by no means let it be four or dirty, a- bout three quarts will do,and put to that as much water as will juft make the Meal up into Dough, which mult be kneaded with all your ftrength in a Trow, or fomefuch like thing for thatpurpofe. If you are not ftrong enough to knead it with your hands you may tread it with your feet, being fure to leave no knobs in itt when it is throughly kneaded, cover it from the dull and let it re- main the fpace of an hour, then knead it again, and after you have fodone make your Loaves up about the bignefs of fix-penny- loaves or bigger if you pleafe, and after you have baked them exceeding well in an Oven, take them out, fet them trans-verfe to cool, that is, with their bottoms upwards. When you have kept them three days, which you mull do e'er
^yougiveany of them to your rjorfe for fear of making of him fick,; which if they do, he will^fuie to eat it for the future. The next thing to be obferved is, that if the bread be moift or
clammy, fo that it flick to his mouth and he cannot freely fwallow ■ it, or do feem not to like it, you mull cut it into thin flices and dry it ia the Sun, or if the Sun fliine not, infome Stove or by the Fire, butnoj too hard,-, then take it and mix it withhis portion of Oats by fmaliing it amongft them, fo that then he will eat it free- ly, and irwill do him no harm, but be fure to pare away the cruft, Jwit note that you mull never give it him alone, but always being crumbled and mixed with his Oats, the quantity of Bread you fo - mix mull not exceed three or four flices at a time. You having given him one bait, in the morning, about eleven
^or twelve a-clock yifit him again, and;after well drefling him give him his bait or portion of diet, as before, both of Bread and Oats. About two.of the Clock or fome what later if you defign not to courfe him the following day, and fo take the diftance of time as has been formerly obferved in all his diets, only let his motions be curioufly obferved and each action taken notice of, for by that you may know in what liking or eftate of body he i&j and how he thrives upon bis diet. Again obferve, that if you defign to heat him the day ifollow-
ingyoumuft not from the time juft before-mentioned give him any i
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1:4 the Cmjdete Jockey.
any bread with his (Oats, but let him eat them by themfelves, and
when he has eat them put him on his Bridle and drjsfs him well in each part, the manner of which I hope we need not now declare} then his cloth being put on in decent mauner, clap on his Saddle snd ride him abroad in the Air, gallop and rack him gently and let him take his watrings as before, them bringing him home let him ftale and dung at the door if you can get him to do it; and being brought into the Stabie,after rubbing down give him his por- tion of Oats, but no Hay, for that is not convenient before a heat. Now I have given you a molt exact account concerning -theor-
deringand dieting your horfe, the next thing neceflary is, tb: in- form you whatMuzzles are moll convenient for Raoe>H«rfes,' and what is the occafion of their being put-on, and the daager that there is in fome of them, Firft then, Muzzles were made to prevent horfes from biting
and tearing their Racks, Mangers, and Stalls, to keep them from eating Loume or Mud-walls, their own Litter or the like, which is very dangerous and hurtful to'tl^nb, fork is not rcquifite they (hould eat any thing without your knowledge, or what you give them. * But as for thefe Muzzles there are many kinds, fomeclofe, fome
broad, others with little round holes in them, thefe are common- ly made of Leather which often proves very annoiable to your Horfe. Firft then, any Leather that is alumed is very hurtful to the
head byreafon of its lharp fcent and faitnefs, the nexfe is that which is greafed or drefl'ed with courfeOil, the fmellef which often makes your Horfes head-ake,and caufes him to leave his meat, be lick and hard bound, fo that he cannot dung kindly. Now there are another kind of Muzzles that are very requifite
which are much in ufe, which are made of pack-thread or whip- cords Thefe are moll convenient in the Summer-time and will not offertd the horfe, if you waui them once in two or three days or have frelh ones to put on. Another fort there are which are commonly ufedin Winter,
which are made of ftrong Canvas fit for the head of your Horfe, fo far as need requires, and bound with ftrong filleting, on one fide a loop being made, and on the other a ftringto faften it round liis Poll, and under his Chaps j Tome for warmth ufe to put double
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J be Complete Jockey, t~
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double Canvas, but take notice there muft be a breathing Place
with net-work juft againft his mouth and noftrils to let the Air in and out, orelfe if it be hard tied on it will go near to flifle him. Thus much as touching Muzzles, now I will return again to
the ordering your Horfe, and give you a farther account of feveral other particulars in the management of him, beyond what has al- ready beendifcomfed upon. If in the enfuing morning, you coming to vifit your horfe find him
laid, raife him not, but let him reft, but if he be upon his Legs take a quart of Oats and warn them well in Beer or Ale, then dry them indifferently well and give him them to eat; and when he has fo eaten them,, put on his Bridle and rub him down exceeding well, after that pun ©nail his cloths and then for Saddling of hitu ; after which, hold up his head as high as you can reach, and into his mouth break a new-laid Egg and oblige him to fwallow it, after which fpurt fome Beer into his mouth and carry him abroad to Air, obferving at the door as formerly. Being mounted, ride him gently, and by degrees increafe his pace till it come to a gal- lop, and if he be fo enclined let him fmellto any Horfe's dung he meets with upon the Road. Now Ifhall give you another inftruftion worth obferving 5 that
is, the day you are defigned to run the Race when you come within a mile or lefs of the ftartinggoal or poft for that purpofe af- Jlgned; take off his cloths, which being done dap your Saddle upon his back, fending fome perfon with his cloths So* the end of the Race intended, and ride him on gently till you come to the weighing or ftarting poft"; fhew him the poft and make him as far as he is capable, fenfible of what he is deiigned for to be done with* ah The Signal for the ftart being given pat him on at near three
quarters fpeed, or if his ftrength will alfew it, more, but be fure you put him not to more than he is able to perform ,hold the Reins pretty ftreight in your hand, but by no means check him in 'hi* Courfe, but let him run on chearfuHy, and give him all the encou- ragement you can, and fo let him run the whole Race through. If you, during the Courfe find his ftrength to fail him, or that
he begin to yield, give him-what eale you can, and do not force him • to too great a fwiftnefs, but ufe him fothat he may be at all times well
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Tiie Complete Jockey.
well pleated with his courfes and free to run, and fo in a (hort time
you bring him to perfection, but if he be any way difeouraged at frrft, he will never perform according to your Expectation. Now the next thing material to be obferved is upon what
ground you run, and then confider which ground yonr horfe takes moll delight to run upon, for this may turn to your great advan- tage, the which you may belt take notice of in his Heats or in his firft Race, whether it be fmooth, rough, dry, wet, or a little ri- ling that he molt eagerly covets, and for the future chufe it if pof- fible in all yourRaces. When the Race is ended, wherein if he have been exceeding hard
put to it, by no means let him ftand ftill but gallop him mode- rately about fome green Field, the better to let him take breath by degrees and cool accordingly, the which when you find he has pretty well done, have him into fome dry gravel-pit or other deep place out of the wind, or if there be none convenient, then to the thickeft Bullies or Trees you can meet with,and there having his cloths ready, with a large blunt knife or fome old piece of Iron or Wood flat like a Ruler,yet having a blunt edge, fcrapethe fvveat off from his Body, laying the ftrength of both your hands to the fame till none appear in any part, and between whiles give your horfe a turn or two, and then fcrape him again till he has done fweating,at which time pull off"his Saddle and fcrape the place on which it was; likewife then with dry cloths,rub him in all parts, not omitting any place, exceeding well, puton his cloths and girt hisSaddleon upon them,immediately after which you muft gallop him gently foraconliderable fpace,then rub him fiightly not taking ofFhis cloths, efpecially from his head and neck •, then you may a- lightand walk him in your hand about the Heath or Field,butbefure you fufFer him not to graze if he mould offer it, and when you per- ceive him cool and dry,ride him home gently; you may gallop him foftly if you pleafe; when you come home to the Stable-door en- deavour to make him pifs and dung, but beware you put him not into the Stable till he be quite dry and very cool, where being en- tred fatten his bridle to the Rack,and have this following dofe in readinefsjwhich you muft give him in a drenching horn,or fome fueh like thing, which will cleanfe his body and much help nature to recover ftrength, if he be any ways weaknedby his running. CHAP.
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The Complete Jockey.
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17
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CHAP, vl
the Dofe or Scouring is made tint. |
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Elrft, get? Pint ofthe beft Canary, and add to it one ounce,
X three drams of clarified Rofin beat into powder, and ftir il about m the Wine, then add more, half a pint of Olive Oi the beft that can be got,(forif it any ways (link it will make your horfe fickandcaufe him to call it up again) and mix it well with the former, then take an ounce and three quarters, or if you will two ounces of Sugar-Candy, beat it fmaU and put it to the re* all which being well mixed together place them in an earthen VeT fel upon a gentle fire till they boil, then take it off and letie Hand till it be blood-warm, and fo give it your Horfe ; if he refute to take it you muft force him to it by pouring it down his throat and holding up his head till he havequite fwallowedI ft down' .J^Z'Tf/^V^u37^ f^ou™gand fometimesby
gentle Sweatall foul and grofs humors, that too much heat orover- ftreimnghadcaufed to gather in the Stomach and Bowels, itdif- folvescrewdy greafe that having been melted is again fettled in hard knobs, and brings it away in what part foever ? in fine there is not a wholfomer drink can be given to any horfe, efpeciallv af- ter running. ' l y dl |
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CHAP. VII.
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The Way and Method of looking to, and keeping your Horfe after he has
tak$nthis Potion.
WH,elfhL?orfeHhVu-ken lb then immediately rub his
Legs and pull off his Saddle and all other his cloths, Ieavmghim nothing on, then curry him well,and after bruS and with a dufting cloth dug him, and again with TvwZm^ cloth or cloth of hair, rub his body in every part, but in fo do |
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C c c c c ^^^^k ing
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The Complete Jockey.
ing your^greateft pains muff be about his head, neck, and breaft ;
this being perfected put on his cloths and keep him as warm as pofiible,and put feveral handfuls of ftraw under his girts, and then let him remain without either meat or drink for the fpace cf two hours,during which time you mult watch him, and feldom let him Hand ftill for fear of getting cold, during the time the Potion is in working; nay, fleepor Handing ftill (which he will chufe if he be left alone to himlelf) are alike dangerous, by reafon that the blood and vital Spirits have not their operation fo well as in times of motion, nor the heat of the body power to force up the humors that lie as it wereabfconded in the feveral parts. When he has flood in his Bridle, and faffed fo long as is before-mentioned, or if you think convenient fomewhat longer j then take ears of wheat about one hundred, and offer them to him to eat, but let them not be bearded in any#wife, but e'er you fuffer him to take them, feel him all over in what conditiofi or eftate of body he is, and if yoq find him fweat on a fudden or any cold clamm over-fprcad bis Limbs, which many call a cold fweat, or if you obferve him to pant, tremble, or fetch his breath fhort, wkh-hold your hand and give not any thing ; for if you do, it will much indsnger him, ihefe being the Symptoms that the Potions has not done working, but that it is ftriving with the vicious humors and foul indigeffures of the Body, therefore put en his Dip and taking off" his Bridle ftop all the Lights of the Stable, the better to keep it dark, and fecure your Horfe from too-much Air, and let him take his eafe in your abfeuce for the fprxe oftwo hours or more, by which time the Potion will havedone working and his ficknefs will pa'fsaway. Then coming to him again, if you find him well you may give
bim the ears of wheat by four or five at a time till the whole parcel is walled, after that if he will est any more.you may fuffer him to have the like quantity again, and after thea? a fmail bundle of Hay bound up very hard and thrown into liis Rack, but during the time of his eating it, be fure to rub him over as you have been taught i but moreefpecially his head. Within the hour following give him his quantity of Oats
as before, mingling with them a pint of husked Beans, as clean from husks and duff as can be, then take three fiices of bread and (the cruft being cut away ) ■ crumble them among the Oats and Beans, and fo give them EO him, and after hs has eaten ,,'-■ them.. |
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The Complete Jockey.
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l9
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them let him fland about two hours and a half, or three if von
pleafe. . y Then coming to him give him fome Bait again of each the fam-
parcel as before, then drefs him down well and put en his cloth" but put not on his Saddle, nor back him, neisher let him have' any water that night, but keep him within doors, for if vou do otherwife you will endanger your horfe. |
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C H A P. VIII.
The. manner of making theft Balls and their Virtue, with an account of
what Difeafes they are mofipowerful to cure. TAke the powder of Elicampane-Roots, Cummin-feds and Fe-
iHgrftfc-Seeds, of each two ounces beaten and lifted as fine as you can poffible,to which put two ounces of Sugar-candy,brown if you pleafe, beat that likewife; fine flower of Brimftone the like quantity, one ounce of the juice of Liquorice, then wetting them with half a pint of White- wine, fet them over the fire af ter which take one ounce of the Chymical oil of Anifeeds'and three ounces of the Syrup of Colts-foot, add to thefe of Olive-oil Honey, and Syrup or melted Sugar, all of them being the belt you can get, one pint and a half, that is, of each half a pint, proportio- nable.'.then mingle all thefe Ingredients together, and thicken them into pafte with fine wheat-flower, and fo make them up into Balls for your ufe ; you mull not make them above the bignefs before- mentioned, or if you pleafe you may make them up as you ufe them i put them or the Pafte up into a gally-pot and flop it clofe, and it will keep a long time. For the ufe of them take thefe inftrudlions, for their virtues
are very great. Firftthen, if you ufe them for any ficknefs or dulnefs in yoar
Horfe, anoint or rub them over with fweet Oil or Butter, and fo give them to him each Morning as you were taught before, and after give him a gentle breathing and let him drink, but if the weather befoul., take him not out. But if for cold, or any infirmity in his Stomach, yoa may give
them to him till you perceive it is wafted and gone. The Virtues of them are for feveral other things, as Glanders,
Heavinefs to purge away any molten greafe, to recover a loft Sto- G c c c <T2 mach
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The Complete Jockey.
mach-, Faintings, and Heart-Qualms, and to make any tolerable
Horfe fat to admiration,but to your Race-Horfes you muft give for ftrengthning and cherifihing the Spirits. But now to the fourth and laft fortnight for preparing your Horfe, which muft begin with his laft diet. CHAP. IX.
The manner of making his lafl Diet.-
]N this you muft ufe three Pecks of Wheat, and but one of
Beans, and let them be ground together upon the black Stones as final! as poffible they can be, then drefs it through an exceeding fine drefling-cloth j for note, that every Bread muft be finer than the former.- Then put to it the fore-mentioned quantity of Ale- Yeft, but be fure it be not fowre, nor the Grounds. Then knead it together, and make it up into Loaves as formerly j but to this above what has been fpokenof, you muft add the Whites of two' or three and twenty- Eggs, and inftead of water put milk, fo much as will make it up. They being baked, let them ftand their ufual time, and then
cut the Cruft away, or as fome call it, chip them, after which, dry a quart of Oats well, and after that fift them., fo that there be no defect left in them, to which, put your Beans in like manner ordered, and at the ufual times, give them ail three, mingled to- gether to him. As for his Heating and Gonrfing-days, the firft week, they
muft be punctually obferved, but the fecond you muft abate him one, that is, heat him but once, and that muft be Mondays hear. After he has Hood one hour more in his Bridle, you may tske three pints of Oats,, and fteep them in Beer or hit forafhort tiim andthen give them to him, and they will much cherifh him, and allay, his thirft. This being done, about an hours fpace after, you mall give him
theformer quantity of Beans, Oats, and Bread in the fame order and manner, or if you think it more convenient, you may give them feveral, and not mingle them y let him by no means want for feeding at night, for when you make him his laft, give him nofi only his Bait, but leave him a bundle of Hay in his Rack bound up. wry hard.- Nexlr |
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Ihe Complete jockey.
Next Morning, as foon as day appears, you mult give him his
firft dies, then rub him well in every part; after which, put on his cloths and air him, that is, ride hira abroad, andufe him as formerly,permitting him to drink freely ; both Gallop and Rack him, but do not ride him hard. When you return, drefshim, and feed him with Oats, Beans,
and Bread', as heretofore, and fome Hay, but not fo much as you were ufed to give him. As for your heating days, they mult likewife be obferved in all
points as formerly, n6r upon any occafion neglected, unlefs up- on fuch as has been declared, nor muft you encreafe them, nor ftrain your Horfe more than you were wont j four heats or cour- fes will be fufficient for the firft fortnight, and four purges or fcouringfor the whole time of his being made fit for Racing, all which muft be obferved with diligence and caution,accordingtothe forementioned Methods and Inftruclions \ but now to the third,^ c. CHAP. X.
The third Fortnights Dieting and Ordering your Horfe.
NOw for the manner of Making his Bread, it muft be as fol-
loweth, finer than formerly was wont, muft it be made ; therefore take but two pecks Of Beans, and with fine Wheat make it up a Bufhel, let them be ground together as formerly, and dref- fed exceeding fine, fo that there be hardly a Husk or a Bran to be feenj then with alike quantity of yeft as before, mingle the meal and add water to it, fo much as is juft fufficient to make it ftick clofe together; when it is well kneaded and worked up, you muft bake it as you have been taught. After which, it having ftood about three days or fomewhat
more, pare away the Cruft and give it your Horfe, (that is) three flices crumbled amongft a quart of fine dreficd Oats and a quart of fplit Beans; your obfervance faall be in thefe as in the former two weeks, his Dreffings, Airings,tiraes of Feeding,and likewife his heating days muft be particularly obferved. And take notice of this, That you muft not, after he has been heated, give him any of
the Scowring, but that being laid aiide, give him in the room of, it Balls about the bignefs of a Pullets Egg, which are great-Cordi- als |
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The Complete Jockey,
als and reftoratives,and you mufl give him one at a time •, thus fit-
ting in the Saddle or otherwife if you pleafe, hold up his head as high as is convenient, and put one of them into his Mouth and oblige him to fwaliow it, but before you give it him, you muffc rub him down, or according to your match; for you mufl: not heaE him forfour or five days before you intend to run your Race, but you may 3ir him very well, and give him gentle breathings, that he may in no wifelofe his wind, but give him none of the fore- mentioned fcouring drink. One thing more I have considered to quicken his Spirits and make
him lively, which is to burn Storax., Olibammt, Frankjncenfe and Benjamin mixed together, which drive away all ill fcentsand airs, and there is nothing more wholefom for the brain. As likewife, when you give your Horfe his Oats, Beans and
Bread, wafh the two former in neither Ale nor Beer, but take a pint of Mnfcadine, and about the Whites of ten Eggs, and fleep them therein,but you need not do this above four times in a week; at other times, give them to him dry as formerly. Beware likewife how to give him any Hay, unlefs immediately
after his heats, and then holding a fmall wifp in your hand, let him pull it thence by degrees, but if his Belly be apt to (hrink up, you may give him more to keep it ftreight. Again, all the lafl week, if your Horfe be given to cat his Lit-
ter you mufl keep him muzzled as you have been formerly taught, but if he be not fubjed to the fame,nor to eat any other foul thing, three days before you run him will be a fufficient fpace to keep him muzzled. The day-morning before you intend to run him, you mult air
him gentiy, and when you have brought him home, drefs him and rub him as formerly, and be fure to diet him exceeding well, omitting no point, neither before nor after his being carried a# broad,only towards night you may flint him of the third part of his ufual Bait, but let his lafl Diet be full Proportion, as likewife his dreffing ; another thing isalfo to beobferved, which is, that you mufl: not keep him out late, but let him be in his Stable at Sun-fet or before, and likewife the day before the Match, you fhall fhooe him, poll him, and all things elfe that you fhall think convenient for fitting him out in the belt wife, but beware that it be not un- skilfully performed, for then you may much injure your Horfe, or givs
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Ihe Complete Jockey,
give him fome caufe to be offended at your curiofity, or as many
call it Adornment. It is reported by fome who have had Jong experience in this way and mannerof ordering of Horfes, that ks veral are fo skilful as to underftand the meaning of .fuch orna- ments, and what they are to be put to, the next day, which makes them conceive fuch Pride that they will not eat any meat till the time they have run the Race, unlefs it be forced upon them. It is true, all Authors that treat of Naturalities do affirm that
horfes are molt knowing and fubtil Creatures, and; (that they are endued with many noble Qualities and generous Perfections. Now for brading their Tails and Manes, and tying Ribbons on
their fore-head, or at their ears, I hold altogether unnecefTary, for fo doing does not only offend him, but many times hinders him in the performance of his Race, by reafon that they make him caft his head often to look at them, and if he has not been ufed to them, many times ntake him ftart out of his way, and fo lofe his ground; therefore in my opinion, only to comb out his Mane and Tail (and if they be too cumberforne you may clip them a little) is the belt Method in that cafe. Be fure there be nothing left undone that you intend to do to
him, till the morning he is to run, for if there be, it may chance to vex him, and thereupon fome Horfes will grow fulien and will not run freely. The morning you are to run, make him a vifit before it is well
light, and after you have pulled off his Muzzle and rubbed his head in every part thereof, offer him a quart of Oats fteeped in a pint of Muskadine or Tent, but before you put them in bruife them a little, if he chance torefufe it, put him fome Oats in the whites of Eggs only; or to be better fure of his eating, fome of the beft, and fineft Bread, and fome whole Wheat, well lifted and dreffed, mingle with his Oats, in which you muftufeno Beans; but? be fure you give him but a little of any of thefe diets, for if you fill him he will be unfit for the Race and may fail your expectation, which otherwife he no doubt would have anfwered in each parti- cular, to your great fatisfadion. If he empty not his Body freely, take him abroad and air him
a little, and fee if you canpoffiblyget him to dung and urine, the which if he do (the■which no doubt by this time you will have taught
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The Complete Jockey,
taught him to do) bring him into the Stable again, and put his
Muzzle on*, but on the contrary, if he will empty without any farther trouble in the Stable, 'tis needlefs to lead him put, and far better to let him remain till the time you are defigned to run, or about half an hour ^before, according as the diftance is from the place he is kept at to the ftarting place. Jufl; as you are going to lead him, dip the Bit of his Bridle ia
Muskadine or Alicant, and then drawing off his Muzzle, draw on his bridle, but if you fee him inclinable to empty, let him do it be- fore, and to incite him to do it the more fpeedily, give him about; a pint of walhed Oats, Bread and Wheat as before you did ; then fpread foft wax, fuch as (boo-makers ufe, under your. Girts and Saddle,which done girt it gently on his back,fo that he fcarcely feel it is on *> then fpread alarge white Linen cloth over his Saddle, and over it all his other cloths, which likewife being (lightly girt, Hick wifps under his Girts or Surfingles,butlet them be very foft; then cover him with fome piece of'rich Tapeftfy or Cloth of State to make him fhew gallant, after which pour down his throat with a drenching horn, one pint of Mufcadine, Alicant, or for want of either, Canary. Then lead him forth with courage, and fufferhim to move gent-
ly, and if he offer to fmell to any dung, either old or new, fuffer him by any means to do it, or if he offer not, endeavour to make him, for it will caufe him to evacuate, which will much lighten him and help him in the Race j nay ufe double diligence herein, by leading him to fuch places as you think will fooneft provoke him to it, as heaps of rufnes, brakes, or heath, little bufhes, high tufted grafs, or the like •, but if there happen to be no fuch in your. way, then you may fpread, and light up fome Straw under his feet, making it ruflle •■, then whiftle, and touch him gently with your fwitch or whip to make him ftretch, the which no doubt will ef- fect your defire. Again, If he foam at mouth by champing hard upon his Bit or
other wife, you muft take care to have a fine linen cloth ready to wipe it off, and a veflel of fair cool water, to cleanfe and warn his mouth ftill as you obferve the froth or foam to rife. Then having walked him gently to the place defigned for ftart-
ing, you mufttake off all to his Saddle, and having rubbed him down with care in every part (which muft be done with hard wifps
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The Complete Jockey.
wifpsj fearch and cleanfe his feet, and fpurt fame water in his
mouth j after which, your felf or whom you affign to ride him, may take his Back,and obferving the fair ftart, put him fwiftly on, and run the Match. -------No doubt with good fuccefs, for this manner of ordering
will feldom fail your expectations, if your horfe in himfelf be but
■found and of good Mettl'd Limbs andilrength to bear him out. Now I (ball give the curious to underftand as neceflary a point be-
longing to horfes as has ever been difcourfed of in any Tract whatfoever, the which will be very ufeful for all thofe whofe em- ploy it is to trade in Horfes, and be as the Sailers Card, to direct them in that affair, and keep them from being overfeen,or cheat- ed in any Market or Fair whatfoever j with each particular obfer- vation, rule and method to be taken notice of in the Limbs, body, and head, aseyes, mouth, nofe,ears,and the true manner to know a good Horfe from a bad. But to begin, firft, there are thefe things to be obferved, if
you will chufe a Horfe that fhall be for your turn, and pleafe you in every part, and in all his actions, travels, or other labours, as Hunting, Racing, War, drawing of Coach, Chariot, or any rural fervice whatfoever, but take notice that no one Horfe can be capable of all thefe. Therefore you muft chufe your Horfe according to what you
defign him for, and fo manage him accordingly. But to imperfection in general, the which I will undertake to
demonftrate in the found Horfe, who is no ways defective, be* caufe in him may lively appear all the maladies and mifchances that mayor can befal any horfe whatfoever. Firft then, be advifed, that whenever you defign to buy a Horfe,
take efpecial notice of all his parts, and the full proportion of his body according to his natural fhape, or if you can obferve any imperfection in his Limbs that may arife by accident, whereby they are lefTened or made bigger, take fpecial care to find out the caufe of it if poffible, bywhich you may know what you buy, and whether to like or diilike him. In which, your obfervances in election muft be drawn from two
heads, the firft of which is general, the latter peculiar or pro- per. |
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Ddddd For
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6 Tk Complete Jockey.
Forthefirft of which, it is to be underltood upon what occa-
fion you buy your Horfe, or for what ufe he is defigned, what co* lour is bed, or beft pleafes you ; next his ftature, breed and like- linefs, thefe are general, becaufe every man in this will pleafe him- felf according to his fancy, nor ever can we imagine all men to be of a mind in this, therefore it is belt to let them chufe accor- ding to their own pleafure, nor much matters it. The next, which is a peculiar or a particular Query, is to know
what Country/breed he is of, whether Englifh or Foreign, to know which you mull enquire of thofe who have had the breed- ing of him, or if that cannot be known, byreafonof his being Co ofttnbought and fold, take thefe particular obfervations; if he be Spanifh breed, his Limbs are fmall and ftreight, dry and fpare, like a Hart's j ifBarbary, a fine little Head and a well-fet Breaft: and Shoulder •, if of Naples, he is hawks-nofed and clear-eyed, his eyes feeding to fparkle \ if Dutch or Flemmifli, his legs will be generally rough and large-hoofed ^ as for French and Englifh, they are almoft alike, only the Englifh are ftronger fet and more hardy for any exercife whatfoever. Now to his colour, for the colour of a Horfe is much to be ob-
ferved, by reafon one colour is far better than another, though there be good Horfesof all colours; the beft colours, as the moft experienced do affirm, are the Roan, the White, the Lyard, the Bay, the Sorrel, the Dapple Gray, the Flea-bitten, the Black; Iron-grey, and White, but above all, the Bay is chofen and ac- counted the beft, both by the French and tl*e Englifh, efpecial'y if they have a Star in their fore-heads, and their feet fpotted with white fpots, the Lyard for courage isefteemed, which is a mingled Roan, ihe Moufe, Dun and Grizled, were formerly in great eftcem, as alfothe Dapple-Grey, and fucti as come neareft them, the Iron- Grey,the White Sorrel and Brown-Bay. P/^rocommended] much the White, whom Virgil doss not efteerrr, o.hers commend the Black, efpecially if he have a white Star in his fore head, or be flreaked with white down his face, the black if he be net mingled with Silver-hair, nor have any white about him, is naught for Service, the Flea bitten Horfe is always Angular good for Tra- vel and other Labours, and will hold out'the beft of any; the yellowi/h o* glew'd unlefs he be fpotted or ftraked with white is naught,yet if hebe well markedhe often proves indifferent well \ a«d.
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The Complete Jockey.
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and if he have a black Lift down his back from the nape of his
neck to his tail, he is excellent good for a Stallion if his proDer tion be according •, the red Bay, snd the blue gray are much fubjed to Melancholy. The Flea-bitten and the Black with White are Sanguine, the Roan, the Sorrel, and the Black without White fubjeft to choler. But as to their Paces, which are thefe, Trot, Rack, Amble,
or Gallop, the which you muft chufe, according as youdefignto put him to, either for Racing, Hunting, Travelling, or Fight; it it be tor moderate Travelling, an eafie Trot is beft, the which you may know if he be prone to by obferving his L egs Thus when his near fore-leg and his off hinder-iegj move to
gether, or his near hinder-Leg and his ofFfore-Leg 5 and farther obferve, that if when he moves, he be quick to raife his Legs from the ground, and do it ftort and with an even diftance, making but little treads, he will likewife pace very well; for if he lift up his feet blunderingly or carelefly, it denotes he is given to Stumbling and will be oft troubled withLamenefs;if heftrike his Legs acrof" or take no widenefs in hisfteps, it denotes he is fubjedt to trip, en- terfere or fall j if he take not his ftepeven,it (hews an unwiUinenefs totravelandaweaknefs in his Limbs i if he tread large fteps he is fubjecT: to over- reach and ftrain himfelf if he be put to the Speed Again, if you chufe a Horfe for eafe and pleafant Journeys, yon
mult chufe an Ambler, which you may know thus, if he move both his Legs on the fame fide together, fore-Leg and hinder-! eg and that he muft do, large, nimble, and eafie j for if he tread (horc and muffling he is no good Ambler, yet if he be very nimble at his firft beginning to pace, it denotes he cannot long hold it Now for hunting either of Buck, Stag, or Hare, for fpeed on
the Road, ortondePoft, if you chufe a Horfe, then you muft take one who has naturally or has been taught the racking Pace which is neither Trot nor Amble, but between both, andjis the eafieftofall, though it gain notfo much ground, the which you may obferve by the fame method as you did ambling. The next 1 have to treat of is gallopping, which is natural to all
the former Paces, but the Amble; for an ambling Horfe will im- mediately be brought to Gallop, by reafon it confifts almoft of the fame nature with it, only aflower and not fomuch ftrainingi for it being a fwiftPace, by long ufe has To inured the Horfe to it Ddddd 2 that
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18 The Complete Jockey.
that he cannot without (ome time and inftruction frame his legs to
it, but will fall into a Pace; if he be overmuch (purred, beaten or foreed, that can properly be called no Pace, buc a confufion of all together, but perfects all things, fo in time you may bring him to gallop as you plesfe if no imperfection in bis Limbs reftrain him.. Now I (hall lay down fuch observations as you may infallibly
know a good Gallopper by. Firft, if he raife his feet fwift and. clearly from the ground but not too high, and that he neither rowl nor boggle in his way , nor ftriketh his Belly with his feet; If he take large reaches with his fcre-Iegs, and his hinder follow quickly, in which you muft likewife obferve that he do not cut under the Knee, or on the Shank, which is called by fome the Gal- lopping, but by others the fwift-cut, or that he throws not his Legs erofs or twill them as it were, nor that he fet one foot upon^ or clap it againft the other, but that he keep him fleady and even in all hiscourfe, and ftill with his fore-foot head the way. The Horfe who has thefe properties always gallops melt neatly,
and a Man may trtiftto him in any time of danger, that is, if he be befet with Thieves, or purfued by an Enemy, in time of War, if he be but able of Body, and well kept. If your Horfe raife all his feet together, and gallop as it were on
a heap, or round, then he is not fwift, but will tread fure and hold out well, by reafon of his ftrength and limbs, and is fit for War or carry double. Again, obferve if a Horfe, gallops but foftly and treads firm,
not being Subject to fall nor ftumbie, yet his Legs feem tender, and he lifts them up as it were in fear, and throws them in and out as if he was hurt or pained, then he is not for gallopping ufes, nore^er will he, by reafon he has fome obfcure difeafe or ftifF lamenefs in his Joints that is hard to remove. Now as to his height or ffcature, the which muft be obferved ac-
cording to the ufe you put him to, or as your felf (hall think fir,, a well-made Horfe with ftrong joints, but not much flelh upon his LegSjyou muft chufe, aboutfixteen hands high; if you take one for carrying double or any other great weights ; as likewife for drawing eitner in Cart, Waggon or Coach,and if for recreation on- ly ,the fineft and neateft limbed and fhaped you can light of,and not exceeding fourteen hands in ftature, or*if you pleafeJefs, accor- diflg to the proportion of your own fro#y\ Thus
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J be Xomplete Jockey.
Thus far having given you,as I well hope,afatisfac~tory inftru&i-
on,I (hall now proceed to inform you of the Deformities and \m> perfections, fecret Diftempers and Infirmities that lie hidden ma- ny times from the eyes of the Buyer, the which are not a few, To that it would bealmoft impoflible to difcover them all, fo that eve- ry one might underftand them; therefore I (hall endeavour to give you as plain and full an account as is neceflary, or that can be underftood according to the beft opinions of the skilful. * To begin then, when any one offers you a Horfe to fell, after
you have feen him tried, as to the former experience, and under- stand his Age, and Breed, then eaufe his Saddle and all other his Cloths, nay his very Bridle, iffobeyoucan get him to ftand ftill without it, to be took off, and then place your felf juft before him, and look wifhfully upon him, and take efpecial notice of his Coun- tenance at all times, whether he look pleafant and lively, well and ftedfaft, without change or alteration; the which if he do, it is a fign that he is of a good Spirit, and in good health, as to bodily ficknefs or inbred difeafes j the next thing to be obferved is his ears, for if they be thick, ftiffand taper from the roots to the tips, as alfo long or of a convenient fizz well faftned and ftrong at the roots, it is a great fign of mettle, perfection and completenefs, for fuch ears are an ornament to any horfe. But if they be contrary, as thick at the ends, lolling, and of
3en moving, it denotes him dull, floathful, heavy, and ftubborn, and of a very ill temper. Now if his face be clean and his forehead rifing, the fimilitude
of a feather in his forehead, upon his cheeks or any part of his face, but it is the greater fign if it be above his eyes, or if he have a white Spot, Star, or Streak of a pretty large Size,drawn even,. or a fnip of white upon his nofe, it is a fign he is good and beauti- ful. But on the contrary, if his facefeem fwelled, bloated or puffy,
fat, dull, cloudy, or lowring, his forehead fiat and fquare, which the Vulgar term Mare-faced, tberachifany he has in his front, Handing very low, or in the middle of his face, his Star or Streak uneven or crinkled, his nofe ball'd or raw, and the hair in many places off from his face,are very bad marks and fignatures of great deformity. |
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■Agais,
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The Complete Jockey.
Again,'ifhis eyes be fhining, full and round, ftand Eagle-like,
out from his head, and little or none of their whites to be feen, ifthey be full and fparkling, it denoteth him chearfu!, fwift-figh- ted and comely, full of fpirit and of good nature, yet fierce and fiery. But if his eyes look askew, feem dull, and withered, little and
flow in motion, they denote much imperfection, and are unhand- fome to behold :, if they are the colour of Foxes or Ferrets eyes, he will be quickly moon-eyed or wall-eyed, and, if not timely prevented, blind ; it he chance to have a thick, dull Philm over it, and in it white fpecks, it not only (hews a timoroufnefs in your Horfe, but fubjection to caufelefs ftarting, and alfo in danger of having a Pin and Web or white skin over his fight; ifthey run either water or matter, or feem bloody or raw, they proceed from an old Surfeit or an over-heating, which was done by immoderate riding: Corruption ingendring in the Head by exceeding draughts or the like, as dead eyes that are low funk do; that, if he lives long he will be blinded that he was gotten by a very aged Stalli- on and is of no good breed ; if the Whites be as much feen as the Black it fignifies great weaknefs, unnatural and fullen in him- felf. Again, if you obferve by feeling or otherwife, bis Chaps or
Jaw-bones Lean, Spare, and large fpaces between them, his Wind- pipe Head great and wide, not furrounded or incumbred with Nerval fmall Ropes or the like; and that his neck feems to fhoot through the Jaw, or be placed in the nether part of it within the fame •■, it is a token of large and ftrong wind, and that your Horfe will hold out aRacev^ry well if all his Limbs be proportionable, and that he is of a good heart, and has a head not fubje&to Di- feafes: But on the contrary, if his Jaws be fat, grofs and full of kernels or knobs, and that there is but a little fpace between the bones, it denotes fhort wind, foulnefs of Stomach and Belly, and fubjecl to Glaunders, Broken-winded, or Strangury, and many times apt to be troubled with grievous Colds. Now if his Jaws be clofe and firmly fixed as it were to touch each
other, fo that they caufe the fleih to rife about them as if fwelled, it denoteth fhort-wind, grofs and vicious humours fetling there, and efpecially if it rife more in one place than in another, and the form of the rifings be long,for then fome inward infection is ga- thered |
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The Complete Jockey,
thered, which if not taken in time will turn to an Impoftume or
worfe. If he have wide Noftrills, and they open and (hut and feem in a
continual motion, fothattheinfidesor rednefs upon every little Straining or Snorting appear, yet the compafs of his nofe but fmall, his mouth not wide but deep, with fmalldry Lips, meet- ing without theleaft hanging over, do likewife promife the horfe good. And well-winded, courageous and hardy. But if contrary, quite otherwife \ as (hort-winded, tender and
weak, a (hallow-mouthed Horfe will never bear his Bridle well, but if it be not buckled faft, the Bit will be apt to fall out of his mouth, or he will be much apt to flaver. Again, if his upper Lip be uneven, and will not meet with his
under, but either (hut over or flap, it is a certain fign that he has a lingering Difeafe or is exceeding flow, as alfo if he have a Rheum or dropping at the nofe, if that be clear it will if not timely flopped (the which it is hard to do J turn to the Glaunders; if one hoftril runs it is worfe than if they did both. — Now as to his teeth, befure to obferve that when you buy
a Horfe, to lookin his mouth, and take a diligent care to fee if he have loft none of his teeth, or if he have, what they are, whether Grinders, Fore-teeth or Tufhes j for thereby you may give a fhrewd guefs at his Age, although the mark be out of his mouth; but to avoid being cheated buy not a horfe that has loft any, for if he have loftTome the reft will quickly follow. The next thing to be confidered is his Breft,for if that be broad,
ftrong-fet, riling or full-flefhed, and adorned with marks or fea- thers; then you may confide io his ftrength, and he will not de- ceiveyour expectations i but if he be the contrary, it denotes weak- nefs of Body and unfitnefsfor Labour, and that he is given to that ill quality in Horfes, viz.. to (tumbling, as likewife to cutting and tripping; asalfoifhis Breaft feqm to fink or give inwards,itfhews him of no courage or metal. The next thing to be confidered is his Legs; that is, his fore-legs
only, of the hinder hereafter 1 fhall treat •, firft obferve the Joint next to his ■moulder, which is properly called his Bow or Elbow., and from thence his Thigh as low as his knee, and obferve they be wellSinew'd and covered with brawny flefh; no waysgivingout nor tumid, and that he ftand firm without bending or moving his • Joints |
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3 2 The Complete Jockey.
Joints, which if he do, it is a fign of flrength, as likewife they
are all marks of the fame. The next is to obferve if he carry an even or equal pace with his
Legs, but efpecially with his knees, and that they be neat, well knit, and not too flefhy, of a juft proportion j for take notice if they differ in magnitude he has had his knee broke, or elfe fome diftemper harbours there, as the Gout, &c. if you find any cuts or fears with hair growing in them, he is apt to fall, which will be hard to cure or rid him of. Then leaving his Knees, obferve his Shanks as low as his Fet-
lock, and if they be well Sinew'd, finely made and (haped propor- tionable to his Thighs, and that they neither bend in nor out, and that there be no ridge nor Team defending from the knee-joints on the infide, there is he good and found in thofe parts j but on the contrary, if there be fears, fcabs, or knobs on the infide, it is by reafon of his high finking, called by moft the fwift cut; but if above his Fetlock or Hoof, it is interfering or (hort-cutting, but in thisbefure to take good obfervation, for if under the skin, all over there appear little Knobs or Scabs, it is caufed by fome illufageor nafty keeping, or elfe Symptoms of the Maunge, that will in a (hort time break forth to the full if not prevented. Farther, if his Legs be full flelhed, fat, or Dropfical, he will in
no wife be fit for fervile Labour; if on the inward bend of his Knee there be long fears, feams or fcabs, the which have not been occaiionedbythefwift-cut, they will prove very dangerous for it denotes a Mallander that in a ihort time will turn to a Canker or Ulcer. Now let us defcend to his Patterns, the firft of which muft be
fure to be-cleaner and ftrongly knit with Sinews or Ligaments,the fecond ftreighr, ftifFand fmoothly fixed, not more inclinable to bend one way than another, but not over-long; for it fliewsa weak Horfe: Or if the former be gouty or fwelled, it denotes ftrains and over-reaching Sinews. The next thing to be confidered is the hoof, the which is as
great apieceofCuriofity to be obferved, as any that belong to the chufing a good Horfe, for if that fail, all the other proper- ties avail not. Firft then, a-good hoof (hould be fmooth of colour; black and
inclining to long, fomething hollow and full, founding; for, take » fo
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The Complete Jockey.
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notice that a white hoof is not fo good bv reafon of;». <■ a------7-----
fo that it is apt either to let the ftooedrlwTfrl >?!dernefi*
fpread, by being in too much wet or JiardTlSn" a"er °r The next is a withered hoof that feems to frTn „.. u
or fa., upon it j which denotes thXft t" e' age ?r S worn by hard travel or over-heats: another fort of hSS *? any foooe above a day at the moihif rid orhboilri?Sw u ^f
exceeding round, it is bad for deep Sirtv wal hv f° - borfe cannot tread fure j a flat hoof that i sfghc a„d fullo'f no^ or holes is a fign of his being foundred ; if you perceive bvL?? the hoof a hollow noife, or that it be hoE/SmI Sfi"g fome internal defect, and old fetter not cured Z X ' Ag, s pith, and therefore is not good ' hat haS ^fted the The next thing obfervable is the Coronet or Socket of th. k r
the which being well flefhed, fcnootb, S ^ Chops otS and well decked with hair, is a fignofitsbeimx ;„ „"°*T r u 1 found , toif *««ij» is^cenru^dS&g'^f a crown.fcab, or the like dangerous misfortune ' Having taken particular notice of the former properties of
itbefmallattheiettingon, rtJ$^%£*$*S
his flioulders, no* thick, but rather broad ; and obferve that hS head ftand not too h.ghnortoolow, with a high, yet thin Creft ■ his Manedeclinable,long, foft, and a litUecnriiXl^Cml ofcomehnefs; as on the contrary, a thick ioulr h^H 1^ ,i-i! f there be any fwellmg m, or under the nape of the Neck it
willcertainlyturntothePoll,evil or fome Fiftula, Sfs alto gether as bad if not taken in time. ' Co" Again, to have a.thick Neck, and lank or fallen near the Wi-
thers, to have a grofs and flat, or funk Creft, are ligns of great de [fIlbe ShV Jf7 ?ore,of 5air aP°n £'he **&,&*?
J- m gbt,and hard' fignifiesdulnefs and want of courage -
Lw'tfcfe toVf 7 ^ f° b7 3n/ -cident of diftemp§er; S Itch £ °La 6ery nf u/e' ** fal1 a™W ftew ei-
ther Itch, Worms, or Mange to lodge there. |
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E e e e e Thc
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The Complete Jockey.
The next thing worthy to be obferved, is his Bsck or Chine,
which muft be broad, ftreight, and fmooth, well meafured and even,to which his Ribs muft be well grafted,firm,and round,his fil- lets or haunches ftreight,ftout and ftrong, nor muft there be above three Inches breadth between his far theft rib and huckle bone, that istheneareft to the fame, as thefhort ribs,which are all figns of a perfect and well fhaped Horfe. The next thing is, to take a fpecial obfervation of the fhape of
his Body, if it be plump, fmooth, and contained within the com- pafs of his ribs,ar<d not hanging over or paunching out } his ftones or genitals mult likewife be contained clofe in their Purfes or Cods, as it were girt to his Yard, the which fhewsthe Horfe to be of godd mettle,well made and free from Difeafes in thofe partsj but if the contrary, it fhews him defe&ive and uncomely. Fir ft then, if he have a narrow back,he wili be prone to Saddle-
galls, hurts and bruifes in riding 5 to have a fway-back is a token of great weaknefs in the Chine, or if his Ribs be very fat and ftreight, they in Travel will hinder him from fetching his full wind, and fo confequently make him tire; if now bis hinder Liga- ments or Fillets be flack,hang flabbing and unfeemly, they will be a great hjnderance to him if he travel in fteep way, and he can by no means hold any pace up a hill if it be very fteep, and but very un- toward in carrying any burthen. Again, if his Belly be gant, and feems to be clofe within his
ribs, or near to bis back, if his Stones hang down and fwag about in the Cods, they are great figns of imperfection and uneafinefs in the Horfe, csnfed by fome Diftemper, and likewife he will be apt to founder. The next things to be taken notice of are his Buttocks, they
muft befmooth, round, and even, not ftanding too high nor too low, but as near as canbs level with his Body ; but many choofe a long Buttock'd Horfe for riding double or the like, which if they do, they muft obferye that they rife behind and wear the Dock fpread to the fetting on thereof, which makes a Horfe fhew well, and are figns of ftrength. . Now for the narrow Buttock or ridged rump, they are both
weak arid uncomely, and will not conveniently bear any thing be- hind. |
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From
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The Complete Jockey. ?c
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From which I (hall defcend to his Thighs or Hips,firfl obferve
if they be well brawned, finewed, and that they from the firft let- ting on to the Bow-Joint are made taper, lefiening by degrees" and be well flefhed, all which if they be not, fhews weaknefs and' unaptnefs for fervice j after which take fpecial notice of the Hock or middle Joint, and with your hand feel if it be well knit, full of Griftles, Sinews, and Ligaments, that it be not fiefiiy nor fwelled and that it have large Veins, be pliant and apt Co bend at each mo- tion of the horfe, fomething bowing it mufl be and firm. All thefe are good figns; but if there be cuts, fears, or fellers in the iniideof the Joint or elfe-where, it is dangerous and not eaise to be cured. If there happen any fwelling or heat over the Joints in general
then it is no other but a blowout obferve if fuch fwelling be only in one place, and that on the inilde in the hollow of the Joint, and the Veins flrut, feel hot, and beat much, or throb, and that the fwelling be foft, it is a blood fpavin; but :if brawny and hard, a bone-fpavin j but if it chance to be jufl upon the hock or out- bow, behind or a little under it, then it is or (hortly will be a Curb, &c Now for his hinder-legs, you mull obferve whether they be
fine, neat, and clean, full of flrong Sinews,and not very fat, which fhews him found in thofe parts; but on the contrary,if his legs be very fat, flefhy, large, it lignifies him bad for Service ; if they be tumid or fwelling, it denotes the fetlings of molten greafe there ; if any fcabs happen to be fomething above the Patterns, they denote the fcratches or chops \ cuts or fears beneath them denote Pains or Aches, all which' are dangerous and require great skill and diligence to cure them. Now for the Tail, it cannot (land amifs nor out of place upon
fair Buttocks; but upon an ill pair if it be never fo well placed^ it will not feem handfona ■, the pofture it ought to Hand in, is even with the parting of the Buttocks, that is broad, high, fmooth and fomewhat bending inward, flefhy and of a good length, briftjy and curled, the length being not only a beauty,but very necefTary for him to defend himfelf with againfl Wafps, Hornets, and Flies, though many defire to have him cut-tailed. But in general, the whole body mufl be framed according to
the moft expert Horfemens Opinions, thus to have the head and E e e e e 2 legs
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t6 7he Complete Jockey.
legs of a-Stag, the ears and tail of a Fox, the neck of a Swan, the
breaft of a Lyon, the Buttocks of a Woman,and the feet of an Afs. The perfect good horfe thus Virgil in his Georgicks defcribes, the which to infert may not be amifs. With head advanced high at fir ft the Kingly Colt doth pace.
His tender Limbs aloft he lifts, as well becomes his race.
And foremoft ftnll he goes, and through the fir earn he makes his way,
And ventures firft the Bridge, no fudden found doth him affray.
High crefted is his neck., and ek§ his neck is framed fmall,
His belly gaunt, his back, is broad, and breafted big withal,
Ihe Bay is always counted good, fo likewife is the Grey,
The White and Yellow woril of all: Befides if far away
There haps a noife, he ft amps and quiet cannot reft,
But practices here and there, as if fome fpirit him pojjeff.
His ears be fet upright, and from his Nofe the fiery fiame,
Doth feem to come.,^ while as he fnuffs andfnoneth at the fame.
Thukjs his Mane, and on his right fide down doth hanging fall,
And double Chin'd, upon his Loins a gutter runs withal.
He fcraping (lands, and making of deep holes he paws the ground,
Whilft that aloud his horned hoof all hollow feems to found.
Thus have you all the particular and general defcriptions both
of a good and bad horfe, and may therefore know what to choofe and what to forbear, and note that amongft all the Creatures ir- rational, there is not one more generous nor more ferviceable to man inarm the horfe j for as we read of Bucephalas, the horfe of Alexander the Great, that although he was wounded in the Battle againft the Perfians, fo that his Life was much defpaired of, yet would not he fuffer his Matter to mount any other horfe till he had brought him fafe out t>f the Battle. The like hzs been repor- ted- of others, whofe Loves have been Co great to their Mailers, that when they have beenendofed with Enemies, the Horfeshave fought in their defence couragioufly ; and Eumenim relateth that a certain. Traveller being fet upon by four Thieves was killed,which his horfe perceiving, fell upon them with fuch fury, that in re- venge of his Rafters death, he killed two of them, and made the other two get up into a Tree to fave themfelves, where he watch- ed them till fuch. time as fejeral Pafiepgers came by.andunder- ftood
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The Complete Jocky.
ftood what had parted, the Thieves being conftrained to confefs
what they had done. And indeed it behoves all that frequently travel the Roads to have a good horfe, that they may fave them in neceffity, either by courage or fwiftnefs in flight. |
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CHAP. XI.
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How to cure thehntocoe, ,a violent fain fo called.
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THis happens moft commonly, when horfes are firlt put into
frefh Pafture, by their too eagernefs in feeding, which caufes ill digefture, and leaves vicious humours in the ftomach, or if he be at Stable or dry meat, the like may happen by his rank feedings j this Difeafe often takes the Horfe very violently, makes his Legs fail him and to hang down his Head, making all over as if an Ague poflefled him; the fpeedieft way to remedy it, is.to let him blood, and two mornings fucceflively to give him about an ounce of Diafente brewed in a quart of ftrong Ale ; it being a foveraign Medicine or Dfink to expel the Vapours, Pains, and Infections that do opprefs the heart; if he be not cured in twice giving, you may give him thrice, the which will infallibly remove and take away the Diftemper. |
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C H A P. XII.
How to cure a Horfe that has been burnt by any Mare■, &c.
Tl/'Hether he be fo or no, you may difcefn by his Yard, for if
that be foul, corrupt, and fwelleth, fo that he cannot Ifcaie without much pain, they are infallible fymptoms that he has been burnt. To cure which, take a pint of French- wine, boil it with a quarter of a pound of Roch Alum beaten into fine powder ; af- ter whicb,take it lukewarm, and with a Sirringe or Squirt, fquirt it into his Yard, and fodo till bis Yard leave mattering,and it will perfectjy cure him. CHAP.
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The .Complete Jockey,
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CHAP. .XIIL
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Rales to be obferved in the Sweating of Horfes,
FIrft,Ietthe keeper take great care, when he airs his Horfe,that
it be done by degrees, and not all on a fudden, and then let him obferve in that as well as in all his other actions, what tem- per of Body he is of, that is, whether with little or much motion heufed to fweat;for many Horfes will fweat tboughthey ftand ftill in theirStalls, which commonly denotes the Horfe faint, ill-dieted, and as bad looked after, then muft you exercife him to work out the fweat, and bring down his foul feeding; but if he be not apt to fweat, unlefs upon ftrong beats and large breathings, then ob- ferve if his fweat be white or frothy, then take notice that your Horfe is-foul within and muff, be exercifed yet more; but if it be like water yet thick and black, then you need not fear any dan- Ser« |
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CHAP. XIV.
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How to prevent a Horfe from Stumbling, &c.
TAke your Hdrfefo ufed to ftumble, and with his Halter fatt-
en him clofe to a Po(t,then with your Launcet or a fharp pen- . knife flit the skin from his Nofe to the upper Lip,that is, down* right juft between his Noftrils about two inches, which When you have doner, part it as wide as you can, and under it you will find a red film or fecond skin, that like wife cut and part, beneath which youmay difcern a flat,-fmooth, white Sinew, the which take up with your Cornets Horn point, and twift it round about, after a little (pace twift it again quite round, fo another time, then have regard to his Legs, and you (hall fee him draw by de- grees |
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The Complete Jockey. , ^p
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grees his hinder legs altnoft to his fore-legs,the which as foonashe
has done, with your Launcet divide the Sinew at the part which- g^rows to the Lip,the which as foon as you have effeaed.untwi'ft it and it will ihrinkup into the head,and then his legs will withdraw back again i for note that his Sinew is the caufe of this Humbling and that it goes quite through his body, and fpreads it feJf into his two hinder Legs j after which you muft dole up the flit and put into it freih Butter, and a little Salt beat fine, then take a Cere- cloth made of Bmgmdian Pitch, or Stock-Pitch, and lay upon it and afterwards you may truft your Horfe for Stumbling • this is a rare fecret known but by few,but worthy to be obferved in any the like occafions. CHAP. XV.
Hew to takg the heft advantage of ground in any Race.
5 ""PIS to be obferved, that when you know the ground you are
•V to run, y ©u muft acquaint your Horfe with it, and give him his Heats there always, making him take the worft part of it, that fo upon any ftraight be may not boggle, but that if he in the Race get the beft part he may run the more chearfully, yet let it not"be in fuch rough ground wherg he may be apt to flip, or get any fprains in his Joints, for if he does it willdifable him for the future and make him timorous \ but at any time when you heat your Horfe thereon, let him run out thefull Gourfe,and never be- yond the weighing Pofl;; or if you do not ride him out rigbt,ride him half way and back again, but never let him exceed the bounds he is to run, that is, not beyond the Mark or Pofty but you may run him quite through, and then back again if he be of ability to bear it, fo that in a little time lie will be fo well acquainted with the ground,that when he comes to the Race it will be ealie for him to perform j one thing more is to be obferved,that is,what ground the Horfe moft delights to run upon, that you muft choofe as near as opportunity will give you leave, but you njuft not always heat him upon the fame ground,fometimes in fpacioOs Fields,green Meadows and Rivers fides, as has been before-mentioned. |
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CH A P.
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The Complete Jockey.
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CHAP. XVI.
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How to kyow by the hair of your Horfes Neck in what ejtate he is.
FIrft obfcrve the horfes hair in every part •, but the main regard
■is to be had to that of his Neckjfor if it befleek, clofe,bright, and ihining, it denotes that he is in good order 5 but if the con- trary, as rough, (bagged, and ftanding upright, and as it were changed colour ; take it for a Rule that he is not well, but that fome inward grief has feized him, as chilnefs of heart, want of warmth in the external parts, or fome Ague hovering about'him, but not yet perfect j to prevent whicb,and to reftorehim you mult rub him and keep him very warm, with double cloths, and give him in a quart of warm Ale, one of the before-mentioned Cordial Balls, the which will expel the cold humours, and make him live- ly and chearful again, the which you ftiall know by the fudden falling off his hair, the which before flood flaring. |
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G H A P. XVII.
How to make the brittleft Hoof mxginMe'become [oft, and bear well
any Shooe without the leaft injury to the Horfe. TAke about eight pound of frelh hogs greafe, and about half a
butbel of Damask Rofes well picked and clean from feeds ; melt the hogsgreafe in a Kettle, and when it boils put in the Rofes, and dip them all aver till they fwell ; then take them off, and putting them into a clofe Earthen Veflel with the greafe and ail, let them ftand and cool \ or if you have an Oven, when you have drawn,iet it ftand in it and cool by degrees,after which,when your horfe has hewly dunged, put about three pound of the fame into them, let it ftand for the fpace of three Weeks, then melt it again, and ftrain out the liquid part, and cover it up clofe in the earthen veflel by it felf, throwing the other away. |
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Tbe Complete Jockey.
The manner to ufe it is as foIloweth,the one Spoonful of Tar,a'nd
a handful of Horfe-dung, heat them together in a pint of Olive Oil, then taking off his mooes, wrap up his feet with ftiff Leather fo that you may pour the Liquor in, and it will not run out,which being in, let it continue there about a week, and then the old being wafted fuppiy its place with frefh, the which after thrice doing you may put on his fnooes again, then flop his feet well with the Tar, Horfe-dung and Oil, putting over it Tow, or Flax, and in a fiiort time his hoofs will be foft and tough, fo chat you may ufe them without fear, and they will bear any fhooe exceeding well, and fo for a long time, if not as long as the Horfe liveth. |
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CHAP. XVIII.-
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An Account of the things to be obfervedfor the prefervation of a Horfe
Health, and to make him live long. |
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THE Firft of which is mature and good digeftion of whatfoever
he eateth or drinketh, fo that it turn to pure blood and nourifhment. 2. The Second to be confidered, is fpare and moderate feeding
in which he muft neither eat too faft, nor too much. 3. The Third muft be taken from moderate Labour and feafo-
nable Exercife. 4. The Fourth is to obferve fit times and feafons for fleeping
and waking,-both which muft be moderately taken, 5. The Fifth, He muft not be too much acquainted with Mares,
nor ride them often, for nothing fooner fhortens life in any Crea- ture. 6. The Sixth, not to be over-heat, nor his Spirits to be wafted
by long and tedious Journeys. 7. The Seventh is, continually to be in fmooth, ferene and
wholefom Air, and not to feed in foggy Fens, Marines, or damp Meadows. |
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Fffff S. The
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42 The Complete Jockey.
8. The Eighth, Obferve that you neither exercife, nor any
ways make him labour hard when he is newly taken from Grafs. 9. The Ninth, To keep him from greedily eating young Grafs,
either Clover or other,butefpecially from Surfeiting on the blades of Corn. 10. The Tenth, You muft obferve that he drink not when he
has been hard ridden or laboured, fo that he is very hot. 11. The Eleventh thing to be taken notice of is, that you muft
neither walh nor walk him when you are come to your Journeys end, ride him about a moderate pace till he begins to cool, and then bring him into the Stable, rub him, well down and clap on his Cloths, and wilp him round, being well ftored with Litter. 12. The Twelfth and laft is to give him Meat in due time, ob-
ferve his Scourings, Diets, and other Phyfical Medicines as occa- fion fhall require, the which in this Book you will find goodftore, with large directions how to ufe them. |
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CHAP. XIX.
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St. Anthony'/ mofi AA-mirable Remedy for any Sprain, Swelling, or
fir etching of Sinews or Nerves, ui better not to be found. OF bruifed Cummin feeds take three ounces, and boil them in
a pint of Oil of Camomil, then add to them half a pound of yellow Bees-wax, and let them boil to the thicknefsof a Cere- cloth, thenfpread it on Sheeps-Leather very hot, and apply it to the place fo grieved, and in twice doing it will perfect the Cure if it be not too far gone, if it be, you muft apply it till it is well. |
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*CHAP.
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The Complete Jockey.
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CHAP. XX.
The fpeedieil and fafeft way to cure the fwift Cut, or the KneaCut,
TAke one pint of White-wine, then add to it two ounces of
Virgin-Honey, brew them together, and boil them till the Honey is melted amongft the Wine, and then add more of Tur- pentine the like quantity, then let them boil to the thicknefs of a Salve, and as hot as the Horfe can endure it, warn the cuts with it once or twicea day, and ic will quickly heal them, but be fure you wafh the dirt oat of them if there be any in, wa(h it with hot water before you apply the Ointment. CHAP. XXL
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\
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A fpeedy Remedy for a Horfe or a Cow that have any way licked up
redPoifbn, Worms, Spiders, or any other venemons InfeSl, or that is ready to bur ft by eating of too much Clover, Turnips or young eared Barley, and drinking after it, THis is to be known by their fpeedy fwelling and Havering at
the Mouth, and working at the fundament, the which when you perceive that they are ready to burft f which is a common thing about Harveft time) be fure to haverecefs to this Medicine, take four ounces of Spanifh Sope, or if that be not to be gotten, our Englilh Cake-Sope, and fcrape it into a Mortar, then put to it two ounces of Dialphera, then beat them fmall as you can together, and make it into Balls as big as Pigeons Eggs, and take one of them and diflblve it in hot Beer, and if it will not quickly diflblre, crumble it in, then with a drenching horn or any ^ Fffffz fuch |
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Ike Complete Jockey,
fuch ceceflary implement, pour it down the throat of the Beaft
fofwelted, be it either a Horfe, Ox, or Cow, and it will imme- diately abate the fuelling by urine and fcouring, which it will fcrce in abundance, |
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CHAP. XXII.
An approved Remedy for the mad Staggers or Lunacy. THE Symptoms whereby you Ihall know whether your Horfe
be troubled with this Difeafe, are his dulnefs and heavinefs, foaming at mouth,dimnefs of fight,often flaring, and having a blue skin over his fight y reftlefs and often reeling and the like, the which, or any of them being obferved, you mull inflantly take care to have your Horfe let blood in the Neck.yi the great Blood- veins on the left fide, or if you think convenient on both fides, and in the third Bar of the Palate of his mouth, and prick him in the Nofe, jufl upon the Griftks above the Noflrils, which bleeding will inflantly abate the grievous pain of his Head,then take a hand- ful of Rueor Herb ofGrace,thvee or four cloves of Garlick,an ounce of fine Salt, dqm %it& two fpoonfuls,of White-wine Vinegar one j after they are bruifed together, ftrain them and pour the Liquid Jubilance equally divided into his ears,then with black Wool flop them clofe, fo that no Air can get in, or tie them, that he may not fhske out the wool,then fume his Noflrils through the little end of a Funnel, with the peelings of Garlickand Maflick well dried and beaten,androwled up in little Balls orfprinkled upon a chafing difh of Charcoals, and fo do three times a day at leafl,and it will expel the infectious vapours that difturbed the Brain, then give him a dram of fingle Poppy-Seeds beaten into Powder, the which you mull blowup his Noflrils, and about two ounces of Poppy-water to drink, which will cafl him into a found fleep, after, let his diet be mafhed Oats and ground,and give him cold water to drink, and after twenty four hours you may unbind or unfere his ears and take out the wool, and in a ihort time he will chear up and looJt lively again: JProhtHm e(l,. |
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CHAP.
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The Complete Jockey,
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CHAP. XXIII.
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How to flop the Glamders for a day or two, whilft you have Sold or
Swapped away your Horfei who is troubled with the fame. FIrft, of Verjuice take four ounces,three fpoonfuls of Olive Oil,
two of 4qua vita, and put half into one Noftril, and the reft into the other with a Siringewhen it is Luke-warm,then ride your Horfe full fpeed for half a mile or more, only when you obferve him begin to cough, ride gently, and put him into a warm Stable, cover him with Cloths, and give him a Mafh, but if he be ill dif- pofed upon the turning of the Olaunders, give him new Milk a* warm as poflible, and they will infallibly flop. |
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CHAP. XXIV.
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How to order your Stallion as to his J)jtiwhen he is to cover your Mare.
AT any time when you delign him to Cover your Mare, you
mult about a week before take him out of the Stable,and let him run in the frelheft and tendereft grafs you have,the which will not only encreafe,but make his feed of the aptelt arid quickeft tem- per for to generate a lively Colt, and he will be the willinger to cover the Mare by reafon of his Airy temperament of Body,when feeding on Hay or other dry Meat,,would render him dull and ihort-winded, as likewife his being acquainted with the Mare will be a great incitement to him. |
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CHAP.
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The- Complete jockey.
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c B a p. xxv.
For the melting of Greetfe after a Race or other Excejfive Riding,
THE means to know the certainty of his greafe being molten,is
to obferve as foon as he is in the Stable, whether his Breaft beats or pants more than ufual after any Journey or Rac'e,as like- wife his fides under his girts, and his_ Flank heaving quick and. falling fofdy \ all which if you perceive, then is his greafe melt-; ed, and will turn to crudy humours if not brought away in time ; the fpeedieit way for which, is to take one pine of Spanilh Wine, and an ounce of Piafcordium brewed in the fame, and give it to him prefently to drink, and fo continue doing four or five Morn- ings after, before he has eaten either Hay or Provender, then you muftdiet him with Malhes of Oats and Barly boiled,and a con- liderable quantity of ground Malt, and let him drink water indif- ferent warni;but if he refnfe his Meat you mult givehim half a pint of White-wine, into which you muft put two ounces of Honey, and let them boil till the Honsy is melted,and let him take it pret- ty warm, the which will caufe him to void much Urine, and by that means give him eafe. Upon his taking of this y ou muft ride him a Mile or more, but it muft not be above a hand gallop, then returning home you muft rub him down and keep him as warm as poffible; when in this manner you have fpent three days, give him another the like quantity of Honey and White-wine, then take efpecial notice of his Dung; if it be fmall, and he feem to dung with pain, then he is bound in his Belly ,and the Greafe is not removed, to erred which, you muft give him three pints or two quarts of Beer,the ftaleft you can get,and a flice of Hou(hold-bread,both be- ing boiled and mingled together, to which you muft add four ounces of Honey, and the like qaantity of frefh Butter, then in the Morning before he hath eaten any thing, give it him luke-warm, then vide him about a Mile, then give him the fame again at night, and ride him as before; but you muft obferve to give it him but every other day, the which will loofen his Belly, and by degrees wafte the greafe; about four hours after he hath taken his dofe,boil liim three quarts of Oats and give them to him, and mingling that
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Tf?e Complete Jockey.
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that water the ©ats were boiled in with fome other to cool it let
him drink of it; you may with his Oats boil FenurretK feeds about three quarters of a pound, and let him est them mingled; but if he refufe to eat them, you may mingle them with a little fine Bran j then lad of all give hira an ounce of Aloes boiled, till they arcdiflblvedina quart of Ale, or a pint of White-wine, and fo it will purge away the ill humors, and in three Weeks or lefs reftore him to his former health and foundnefsofBody. |
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CHAP. XXVI.
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How to make a Horfe Vomit, and by fo doing, to void the fovinefs of
his Stomach, or any Infetlionhe hath taken in. TAke Polyf odium Roots the greater, pare them and warn them
very clean, and then fteep them in Oil of Spike, and fallen them to the bit of his Bridle, after which put it on and ride him abroad with the fame in his moutb,for the fpace of half an hour,or fomewhat more,but it muft be faftlymot above a trot at the moft and then if any ill humour orflegmatick fubftance lodge in his Sto- mach, this will draw it up by cauling him to vomit extremely aslikewife to Cough and Sneeze, the which will much cleanfe his Head from Rheums that lodge there, and expel the vapours that offend the Brain, fo that though it make him lick for the prefent, yet when that is over, he will find himfelf more brisk and lively than before, having voided all the filth and (lime that are the ori- ginals of all Difeafes that happen at any time to any Horfe; after you have taken offthe Bridle and removed the Roots, give him a Pint of the beft French Wine mingled with three ounces of Honey, let it be indifferent warm, and then keep him as much from cold as is poffible, two hours after you may give him a warm Malh of Oats and Barley. |
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CHAP.-.
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Tk Complete Jockey.
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CHAP. XXVII.
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The Vifcovery of feveralTricks and Cheats u fed by Jockey t.
i. T^Irft then, to make a dull Jade both kick, wince and fling,
JT without either Whip or Spur, they ufe this device j in the forepart of a Saddle made for that purpofe, they have an Iron Plate, through which is drilled three holes, through which with a fpring come three (harp wyers, the which as long as the Rider fits upright do not prick the Horfe, but when he leans forward and prefles the Bow of the Saddle, they torment him fo that he capers and dances though never fo dull, which the ignorant Buyer often fuppofes to proceed from the height of his Mettle,which the Jockey fpares not to avouch with Oaths. 2. The Second is, if any Gentleman have fet up a Horfe in a
Stable at Livery, the Jockey either by bribing the Hoftler, or pri- vately by taking an opportunity in his abfence, will with a hair take up the vein on the infide of the Horfes Leg, or by cramp- ing him in the FePlbck with a fmall Wyer (neither of which can be obferved without a curious fearch ) either of which, will caufe the Horfe after a quarter of an hours Riding to halt downright Lame, then is the owner fent for, whofe coming the Jockey having notice of, pretends fome Bufinefs in the Stable,and whilft the Gen- tleman is admiring the fudden mifchance befallen his Horfe, he puts in his verdict, faying, it was a great deal of pity that fo good a Beaft fhould bedifabled, and by degrees infinuates into the Gentlemans acquaintance, defiring him to fend for a Farrier, who comes and fear dies his foot, but finds no caufe of Lamenefs there, whereupon the Gentleman difpairing of his recovery is often pref- fed by the Jockey to fell him at half the worth, or fwap him for fome dull Jade,that he or fome of his Comrades have near at hand, who having got the Gentlemans Horfe, by uncramping or letting loofe the vein render him as at firft. 3. The Third Cheat they put upon Travellers is this, coming
into a Country Inn^kheir firll walk is into the Stable, where ta- king a view of the Horfes, they fingle out the beft for their pur-, pofe, demanding of the Hoftler, who that fine Horfe belongs to, who
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The Complete Jockey.
who ignorant of any defign freely tells themjthen they place their
Horfes next him, and feem only to feed, or rub them down, acd order the Hoftler to fetch a peck of Oats, the which whiift he is gone to do, they thruft aftoneabout the bignefs of a Tennis Bali into his Fundament, one of which they have always ready, it not having been in a quarter of an hour before the Horfe begins to fweat mightily, and fall a trembling and ftaring as if his eyes were ready to ftart out of.his. head, fo that a white foam foon after covers ma- ny places about him, which the Hoftler obferving,runs to the Gen* tleman that owns him, and tells him his Horfe is a dying, at which ftarcing up, he runs to the Stable and finds him in a bad plight, not knowing what to think, or if he do, conjectures he is poifoned, and in a confufed hurry enquires for a Farrier or Horfe Do&or, when as Mr. Jockey fteps in, and asketh what is the matter, as if he poor lifelefs fellow knew nothing of it, but quickly underftan- ding the bufinefs, begins both to pity the Horfe and Gentleman, the former for his miferable condition, and the latter for the dan- ger he is in of lofing his Horfe, when thus he applies himfelf: Sir, I am forry to fee your Horfe in fo bad a plight, then puts in to buy him at a venture, live or die, the which if he cannot do handfomely, he undertakes to cure him,telJing the Gentleman that though it is not his ufualcuftom to meddle with, yet he will un- dertake for forty fhillings to warrant his Life : The Gentleman confents rather than to lofe a HorfePworth twenty pounds; then for a fhew he gives him a Drench, and then takes opportunity to withdraw theftone,and within half an hours fpace the Horfe wili be perfectly well, and fo they fob the Ignorant. E / N 1 S.
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ADVERTISEMENT.
Thefeare to give the Reader notice, that we thought not fit to
putJhe feveral Cures mentioned in this Addition into the Title Page, by reafon the whole Book contains the beft for Practice in the World, as alfo thefe may be accounted molt Infallible. |
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Ggggg THE
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THE
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I N D E X.
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OF T H E
Complete Jockey.
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a
SHEWI NG |
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The Directions to find any Paragraph contained therein.
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C H A P. I.
page 3.
THE he si Method^ and fpeediefl way for Ordering
Race-Hordes^ to fit them for any Match in what ejlate foever. The way and manner of Dieting or feeding a Horfefor a Race heingfat or grofs immediately after his being taken from Tafiure or Soil as to thefirft two weeks. c, z. p. 5. * Orders
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The Index.
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Orders mcfi carefully to he ohferved in the Courfing or Hea-
tingyomHorfe. c. 3. p. 10. The manner of his fecond Fortnights feeding, and the care to
he ohferved therein. c. 4. p. 11. The fir H Diet to he. given in ordering your Race-Horfe and
the way to make it. c. 5. p.ix. The Dofe or Securing- C. 6. p. 17.
the way and method of leaking to, and keepingyour Horfe af-
ter he has taken the Scouring. c. 7. ibid. The manner of makingCordial Balls and their virtue, with an account of what Difeafes they are mosf powerful to cure. c, 8. p. 19. The manner of making his lafi Diet. C. 9, p. 3,0. The third Fortnights Dieting and Ordering jour Horfe. c 10. -p.ax.
In buying a Horfe, what Horfe to chufe, and how to avoid heingCheated, Pag. the z$. Break the fecond, for here note the Printer forgot to put in the Contents of the fol- lowing Inftruclions. Sq<3l.%. p. 25. How to cure the Autocoe,a violent painfo called, c. i,r. p.37. How to cure a Horfe that has been burnt by a Mare, ciz.ib. Rules to he ohferved in Sweating of Horfes. c. 13. p.3 8. How to prevent a Horfe fromjlumhling. c. I4. ibid. How to take the heft advantage of ground in any Race. C.lj.p.39.
How to know hy the hair .fyour Horfes neck in what eflate
he is. c.i 6. p. 40.
How to make the hrittlefi Hoof imaginable become foft and
hear well any fhooe without the leali injury to the Horfe.
c. 17. ibid.
An account of things to he ohferved for the prefervation of a Horfes health, and to make him live long, c.i 8. p.41. St. Anthony's mojl admirable Remedy for auy Sprain,Swel- ling, or fir etching of Sinews or Nerves. A better not to he found. The
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Wi The Index.
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The fpeedieji and Jafeji way to cure the fwift-cut or knee-
cut. ' c xo.p. 4}. A fpeedy Remedy for a Horfe or Cow, that have any ways lie ked up red Poifon, Worms,Spiders,or any other venomous Jnfeci, or that is ready to burjl by eating of two much Qlo- ver,Turnips, or eared Barley and drinking foon after it, c.zi. ibid.
An- approved Remedy for the mad Staggers or Lunacy. c. zz. p.44.
■How to Jlop the Glaundersfor a day or two, whilfiyou have fold or fwapped away your Horfe that is troubled with the fame. ex 3. p. 4^. How to order your Stallion as to his Diet, when he is to ••
ver your Mare. c. 24. ibid. For the melting of Greafe after a Race or other excejive Ri-
dings.' c.ij. p.46. How to make a Horfe vomit, and by fo doing, io avoid the foulnejs of his Stomach or any Infection he hath taken in. c.z6. p. 47.
Thedifcovery of' fever al Tricks and Cheats ufed by the Joc- keys. c' z6' P-4& |
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FIJI S.
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