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yned the choi'rejTrayning,and
Dyeting of hunting Horfes, whctherit be for Plea- sure or for Wager. Newly corre&ed and augmented.
The third Booke.
ByGeruafeMarkham.
_____I LOJVDOT^
Printed by Edw: A'lde for Edward whi
and are to be fofd at his /hop neerc the iictlc north doore ofSaint
Paules Church at their ne of the Gun. 1616. |
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To the mofl: Noble and moil mighty
LordthEWEsTttt^eofhennoXtEarie of Richmond'and Darnleyfiaton oiTourhutton and Me-
thuen^gvtAt Chamberlainc and Admirall otScot- /<j«i,Lord Steward oftheKings Houfe,and Knighc of themoft noble order of the Garter, f^fflir greateflandmeftexcellent name which the fa-
!C^ mom Poet Viigilco'ulttjinde out wherwithtoe- dorne^hemof renowned King Vicusjwastoc< , him a Horf-man :' and that thePegtCun Morfe ypas not onely fainedto bee begotten bythe/anne ^Neptune, hutaljo to be the fir {f founder oft'r clear nedWellc^ the Art of memory :then I doubt net but thif famousArt ofHorfmanfbip^ "which withmybeftindeauourslhaue carefullycoUecled^ wiH in your Graces mofi noble thoughts finde both defence andac^ teptance $ andratherjithitisan Art wherin iholdeyomgr&ce as excellent as any Prince of Chriftendomt^ and isfuch an orna- ment of State^ that there is no affiuegreatnes vnblem'tfhed which fleadeth ab/olute ignorance info Roy all a profejfion. Now albe this part ofHorf-m'anfhip, which Jeonjecr&tetoyour Noble name3 bee not contained within the rules or principles of the Italian or trench riders ( who albe they can ride well ,yet Are ignorant how to make a,, Horfe ride long ) yet your grace who/e daily experience and knowledge both of the worth and^ 'vjeofthcje huntmg Horfesjan bejiindge-ihefrop't of the Art ** weUin pleafure, as in vrgent ccrajjohsjivilli hope neither e* fieememy labour vaine^norfruitles^ for the Countrey wherin I line : Andflrengthning that hope with the Noble fauoms " 'uhyou extend toyour admirers • l Hue to be comrnaunded by you,
Gervasb Markham.
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To all Huntsmen andlouers of
Hunting. ■
v in the iudgement of my fence, which I can allow
to be held equall with Hunting, both for the full , facisfadtion it giues to the minde and body, and
**& alfo for the noble figures and imitations it car- ryes in the exercifeof the delight, as long as it is accompanyed with his true member*, which is a ready Sent ; perfit Doggcs, and aboueall a pure winded Horfc : For if hee bee wanting, theothcr not obferuing the leafure ofyour foot-fteppes, will fliefofaft from you, that there will be left nothing but imagi- nation to content you ; which to preuent, and thatyoumay cnioy your delight without impeachment, 1 haue publifbt this worke; which being purpcrfely fram'd for a gencrallgood, and notapriuate vfe (asmyfirfthttleTrcatife was) will (Idoubc not) giue you all that reafonable fatisfaiftion , which is requi- site to bee defired, either in this or any thing belonging to this part of Horf-mar»fhip, wherein as you fhall reapeprofite, fa iet me bee repay'd with thankes, that when you bauc what you, wiftiil may not want what 1 defirc ; t/inflfofarwelK
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The third'Boo^e.
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Chap, t.
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Of Hunting Morfesin generally andoftheir
Chajes. F all the Field pleafures wherewith
olde Time and Mans inuention hath bleft the houres of our recre- ations , there is none fo excellent or fo worthily to be purfued as the delight of Hunting, being com- pounded like an harmonious con- fort of all the bcfl partes ofmoft refined pleafure, as Muftcke, D&undng^ Runnings Rydtng^ ft'aukwg, and fuch like ; Nay, what Houicfport is it which hath not from it fome imitation. ? as'CbefTe, Gardes, Tables, or any fuch like, where there is pur- fute one after another : It is the figure ofawellcom- pofed battaile where the ftronger chafeth the weaker |
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2 clheth:rd Bookf.
tothepointofdeftru&ion : It refembleththeftateof
a good Common-wealth, where the vertue of the Ma- gistrates pursue and finde out the cuill pathes of their contraries: And to conclude,being the beft of fportes, what fhould a man fay more then that it is moft excel- lent. But letting pane the maine body of the paflime, let vs retnrne to the principall member of the fame, which is the hunting Horfe, whofe ftrength and pu- iflance carries our bodyes , and enriches both our eyes, eares3 and other fences^ with all the delights that are therein contained. This hunting Horfe both for his vertue, ftrength,
goodncs, and indurarncc, I place next to the Horfe of feruice,fortwocaufes. Firft.becaufethemfeluesboth for their couragesjlineaments, and educations are fer- uice-able in the warres,and in allother places : In the warres, as in fuddaine and defperate cxploires,as vpon fHrprifes,^«;fe«/i-4^i,longmarches,or fuch like: or vp- on difcouerieSjfcowtes,or any thing die wherin either the ftrength of body,purity of winde,and the piiifTance of his mettall is to be difcerned •, In the land cfpeace,as vpon the neceffity of fome long and tedious iourney, wherein either a mans life or efrate is ingaged ;ov for a mans pleafure inthis fporc ofhunting,or for his profit, where a man hath tyed himfelfe to any great match or wager: In any ofthefe cafes it is almoft a thing incre- dible to fpeake, what a good Horfe being rightly dye-, ted and kept (and therwirhall orderly tray ned)will per- forme,but that in this Hand of great Brittaine we haue before our eics c6tinual!& daily witnesjand yet I muft needesfay, thatifthe Records ofauncientwriters bee irue,thefe horfes in our daicsare nothing (o tough and induring
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<Tbe third ^Bod^c-j. 3
induringas were the horfes of former Ages: For one
Author writes, thattheS/inTfcirwwbcing intended to take vpon them any long i®urney, would kecpe their Horfes fafting for two dayes before,but onely for a lit- tle comfortable drinke,and then would gallop them an hundred and fifty miles without brcathing:Others tell vs other tales of as much incredulity > ofthe Horfes of Stitbia, Greece^ and Barbary, by which wee may gather, that queftipnles Horfes haueindured labours beyond imagination; and truly in thefc our dayes fhould a man but compute anc meafure,the many miles,the rugged and deepe wayes,and the intricate & winding paffages which a hunting Horfe paffeth in a day, in one of our Englifh hunting matches, & therwithall takes into his consideration with what wondcrfull fwiftnes,ftrength and fpiritjthey are performed, hee {hall finde them lit- tle {hort of thofe olde reports, & far beyond either our hopes or expectations; yet thus much I muftletyou vnderftand, that there is not any horfe which naturally out of his owne fpirit, being put to his owne choife of foode, and to the liberty of his owne order in fecdin g, which is able to doe the leaft part of thofe infinite la- bours which we fee daily performed by horfes of con- trary keeping : Neither can anyhorfe (howchoifcly fed or dieted fo euer he be)pcrforme any extraordinary labour or imploiment,tfto the perfe&io of his feeding he haue not conuenient and moderate exercife*, lo that in conclufio to attaine to the fubftanceSi depth of this Att,y ou are firft to learneby faapes, markes,and other femblances how to chufe a Horfe moft fit for this pur- pofe of induring vnfpeakable trauell.Secondlyjho w to dyet and keepe him that he may performe as much as is Z 4 compre-
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q. 'Jbe third <Boo%e.
compreheded within the power either of his flrcngth -,,
fpnit,or winde.without either danger of life,or hurt of inferior member. Thirdly,& laftly,what manner of ex- ercife is moft conuenient &wh oliome for perfiting and bringing to paffe your own defire in this Art or fcicnce.- Theie three heads or rooces bearing vp the bodies and trees of this knowledge, from whence fprings many o- ther branches. Now forafmuch as many of our E"g> Jifla Horf-mcn, and thofenot of the Comparator tbur Superlatiuedegrecwho hauing (pent their dayes Jnly in the riding & trayning vp of great Horfes for feruice,, vtterly negle&ing as vndefirous to know the fecrcts of this Art wherofl meanenowtointreate,& hauefome oftlein mine own hearinghekllong(buc weake)argu- mcntSjbothagaioft hunting & dieting of horfes,may impugne andkickeagainft thofe precepts which I fhai difcouer3!et me vnder the reformation of their skills be: bold to tel them thai fuchneglcfts takefrom their arts jnnrh reputation and glory. For who can call bimfelfe maifter of chat Art in whofeefpeciallprinciples he is vtterly ignorant ? as for cxample,if I haue Art to make my horfe in euery turne3 winding and interchangeable niotiotocxceedinnimblcneseicherCatorMonke,,& in euery bound,falt,or ayre aboue ground to outmach either wantoKidjOr fportingFaune;yetin the fame cx- ercife want skill,either how to prelerue his wind from breaking, his greace fro melting, or his fpirir from ty- ring,! fay then my ririt Art were better vnlearned,then for want of this latter to do cuii by mifimploiment :& fuch ar e horf-men that can ride,but ranot dyet, A gain LaBreuf Owho is the grand-mailer of the French CbeueU- riafic whofe precepts carry general authority with our Bngiifh
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The thirdTSoohg* 5
EnglifhRiderSjhefaithjthatfor great horfes for feruice
in the wars there is nothing more profitable then fom« times to hunt them-, and ride them after fwift chafes, both becaufe it makes a horfe light & nimble, enabling his winde and making him fit for trauell, & alfo breeds in him akind of ciuilitie and acquaintance with other horfes., and takes from him euill thoughts andmaiiti- 011s humours, prouing by his proportion, that this hunting ofHorfes brings to ahorfe two benefits, that is, nimbleneffe and ftrength, and takes from him two vices, barbarous ramedegneffe & fantaftickreftifhe'Te. Now if you will hunt your horfe after fwiftchafcs, and know not how to prepare and diet him, forfuclv violent exercife; I will be your moft allured warranr, that you ihall either foone fpoile your horfe or clfe be- hold no hunting,but your ownc imaginations. And for as much as I haue hitherto generallie fpokc
of hunting, which word appertaines tocha'es of all kinds whatfoeuer, I will before I proceed anie further, tell yon wh.-;t kind of hunting and which chafe is fitteft for yourhorfesilrength andexcrcife.Torellyouofall the chafes, which at this day is either hunted amongft vs,or in other nations, or but to reckon haliefomanie as G cfner hath collected into his volume, as namelieof the L?<w,the Leopard,thc Panther and filch like, were but as a priuiledgcd traueller,to tell you a long tale of that which rarelie or, neuerfhall come within your expeti- encej and becaufe the end of mineendeauoursisihc benefit of this nation,whichfirftgaueme breath,! will trouble you with no other Chafes, then thofe which are exercifed in this kingdome,and are moft fit for men and horfe to purfue. Firft
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6 The third'Boofy.
The Otter. ^""^*°r c^e cna^e °fthe Otter, although it be a cun-
' ningchafe,andexceeding plcafant to thofetaftesthac can rclifh fuch moift delights.yct to exercife your horfe therein, I much diflikc, becaufe the Sent lying for the inoft part in the water,and he that will faithfully follow it,muft hazard his horfe to the danger of fwimming, it cannot chuie but be both vnwholfom and vnprofitablc, ThePoxor Next this isthcchafe of the Foxeor Badger, which Badg«, although it be a chafe of much more fwiftnes,&: is cuer
kept vpon the firme ground, yet I cannot allow it, for the training vpofhorfes, becaufc for the moftpartic continues in woody and rough grounds,where a horfe can neither conucniendie make foorth his way,nor can tread without danger of ftubbing, orothcr as mifchic- uous inconueniences. > k The chafe which is much better then any ofthefe, is ciSugge. the hunting oftheBucke,orStag,efpecially if they bee
not confined within the limits of a park© or pale, but haue liberty to chtife their waies acording to their own appetiteSjWhich of fome Huntf-men is cald hunting at force. This chafe is much better then where a Deare is kept within bounds.becaufe when he is fo ftraightned, for the nioft part hee keeps the thicke wood, where a horfe can neither enter,nor a ma take delight to follow: where otherwife when he is at liberty, hewillbreake foorth his chafe into the wind,fomtime foure,fiue,and fixe miles foorth-right, nay I haue my felfe followed a Scaggebettcr then ten miles forth right,from the place ofhisroufingtothe place of his death, befides, all his windings,turnings,and croffe paflages. This chafefor the time it indures, ismoft fwiftand
violent/o that by no means it can be allowed of,for the training
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Ihe third 'Boo^e. 7
training and bringing vp of young horfes, bus rather
to be an exercifefor a horfe of ftaidyeers and long pra- aifc. BeficieSjthe time of the yeer,for thefe chafes,is from
niidde May to midde $eptember3which is the whole con- tinuance of alSommer,& the dry tirrvc of the yeer,whe the fun burneth hotteft,and the earth is hardeft/o that if a man fliouldhunt a horfe of puifTance and worth, ac fuch an vnfeafonable time ofthe yeere, the heat of the Sunne mixt with fo extream a labor, would both parch and melt him,& his own waight beating vpon the hard earth ,wou!d both furbate and bring him to an incurea- ble lamenefTcr. NowyoiMuuft vnderftandjthat althoughI difallow
this chafe for the training vp ofthc beft horfcs,yet I do not meane it fhold be depriued the company of horfes: for being of all chafes with vs the moft worthieft, & be- longing only toFrinces and men of beft qu'alityjthere is no horle too good to be imployed in fiich a feruicevyce in that all noble fpirits delight to keepe an order & pro- fitable comlinefTe in all their pleafures,tis fit they knoW that the horfes which are apteft and befttobeimploy- cd in this chafe , is the Barbaric, lennet, or light madeEngliftvGeldingjbeing but of a meane or middle ftature. There is a certaine race of little horfes in■ Scotland cA-
led<?j/^Nagges, which 1 hauefecnehunttheBucke and Stagge exceeding well, and indure the chafe with goodcoruage; and not any of thefe horfes but will en- dure the hard earth without furbating or lameneffe, much better then horfes of great puifTancc & ftrength. But to conclude,^ come to-the ehafe,wbieh is of all The Hare,
chafes
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8 The third,(Boo{e.
chafes the heft for the purpoie whereof we arc now to
intreatjic is the chafe or hunting of the Hare, which is a chafe both fwift,pleafant, and of long endurance; it is alfo a fport euer readie and equallie diftributed, as well to the wealthie Farmer as the great Gentle- man ; It hath his beginning contrarie co the Stag or Bucke,for it begins at Michaelmas when they end,an4 is out of date after A prill, when they come firft in fea- fbn ;fo that Princes, whofepleafures are their greateft labours, may with thefe two delights finifh vppe the yeares circuit. And this fport being a winters fporr, is fb much more full oflaboar^and though the decpnes of the ground fhowesthc.horfes ftrength fo much the better, yet the toile is not fovtterlie without eafeand refpit,butthatby themanieftops andftaies which arc made therein, the horfe rccouers his winde, and his ftrength newincrcafeth, as when the dogs are at any default or loflfc, or when the fent is fo cold that the dog cannot purfuc it with any furie. Thefeftaies and reco- uerings of wind in the horfe (my inafters)the northcrne ridei* call Sobs. Ifyoii demand of me ifyou may not bring your horfe
as well to perfection without hunting,as with hunting, 1 anfwer no,for to toile a horfe vp and down in the field after nothing,and in-no certaine way or path, where he neither knowes whether he labours, to what end he la- bours5nor when hefhall finifh hislabouring,fo to do.I fay brings to the horfe amazemet,wearines,and diflike in his exercife,for asan old beaten poft fade will runne his knowne courfc,and ftage,with all courage and good fpirit,yet if you put him but to twcluefcore beyond his Inne, or turne him into any other path which is out of his
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TFe third TZookf, p
his remembrance, will prefently ftand fttil, and tyre
rnoft fhameiully: Eucn fo the the beft mettald Horfes, it they be chafte and rechafte, without either delight or fome incoaragcment, willb/degtees growe worfe and worfe intheir labour. Now for the following of Houndes, Horfes euen
naturally hauc taken great delight both in their cry, and intheir company, and will (as I haue often noted) whentheyhaue heard the cry of Houndes l>y pricking vpp their eares, gazing alofr,and forcing to runne or gallop, fhew the pleafure they take therein; and for mine owne part I haue ridden an oldc hunting Horfe, that when pleafure and forgetfulneffe hath fo rudely tranfportedme, that I haue vn-Huntfman like ridden inamongfttheDoggcs,yethaueIfound,that no neg- ligence ofmine could make the Horfetouch or treade vponaDog: but (hewing more loue then I didiudge- . ment 5 hath contrary to my minde fhunn'd and auoy- - dedthem■: From whence I gathered, thatqueftionles thatHorfe (and as be,fo others) take a lingular light and pleafure in the exercife. There is alfo another Chafe (if I may without off- Ofme 1 raine
ence fo tearme it) atleaft a fport I am fure it is; andfcnt- that is whenfwift Houndes hunt aCatt, which is by fome Huntfman drawne in alongftring three or foure mile at the moft vp and downe the Fields,either croffc plowed landes, or thwart greene fieldcs, leapingDit- cbes,Hedges,or other Pales,Rayles5orFences,or run- ning thorow Waters, as the leader ofthcCattefhall thinke beft for the aduauntage of the Horfe3for whofe benefit heerideth. This chafe or fport we here in England call aTr&mc
fent,
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io "The tmi d "Booke.
r" *""~ *" '—*
fent, becaufe the fent which the Houndes hunt is trai-
ned alongft the fields,acording to the difcretion of the leader tberof,and not according to the wil of the beaft. This chafe of all chafes is the fwifteft, becaufe the fenc therofishotteft, fo that the Hounds run it foorth with all the power theyhauej making neither floppenor flay till they either ouer- rake the traine, or els the man (lay and goe no further, in fo much that with the verie eagernefTe ofthe chafe, and franticke running of the Hounds, bee they Dogges of neuer fo free mouthes, yet they fhall not be able to open or fpend their mouthcSjOrifthey doe open,it will beverie fildome. This chafe is altogether vied for the tryall of mat-
ches between Horle and Horfe,, becaufe it is euer rea- die when Hares are incertaine,and the fwiftneffe ther- of brings a Horfe fooner to the height of hisfpeede, and to the fenfeof wcarineffe, than amy other whatfo- euer. Ids alfo very good and profitable for the trayning
vp ofa young Horfe, after you haue brought him to cleanneffesand fome little perfection of fpeed, ifonce or twice in a wecke, at the latter end ofthe day, when you haue finifhed the hunting of the Hare, youcaufe one of thefe traine fents to be made,vpon fuch earth as your Horfe takes moft delight to runne vpon, and of fuch length as you fhall thinke fit for hisftrength(the vtmoft ofany traine fent being not aboue fourc myle) and then laying on frefh doggcs(which dogges indeed fhould be kept for no other purpofe; for to hunt traine fent dogs with good Hariers,they will with their mad- nes and flinging fpoile the chafe) make your Horfe run the traine with go od courage and liueline{Tea and fo in his
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The third'Boofy. 11
his warmncfle trothimhome.
There is yet another chafe which Horfe-men call OfthewiU
the Wilde goofe chafe,and it is neucr vfed but in mat-§0* e chesonly,where neither the hunting of the Hare, nor the running of trains fents is able to decide the doubt which Horfe isthebetter.In this cafe Horfe-men foud out(for the auoyding of controuerfie)this chafe,which is called Wild-goofe chafe,refembling the manner of theflightof Wilde-geefc, which for the moftparc flic euer one afteranother,keepingasitwereanequall diftance one from another > fo in this chafe, after the Horfes are ftarted, andhauerunnetweluefcore, then which Horfe can get the leading, the other is bound to follow whether foeuer he goes, and that too with- in a certaine diftance, as within twice or thrice his length, or elfe to bebeaten vp by the friers which ride by to fee faire playjbeing gentlemen or others chofen forthepurpofe. And if either Horfe get before the o- thertweluefcore yards, or according as the match is made,then the hinder Horfe loofeth the match : And if the Horfe which came firft behind, can get before him which firft ledde9.then is hee likewife bound to follow, till he can either get before, or els the match be won and loft.. In this Wild.goofe chafe, there is no order or pro-
portion to be vfed, but the form oft Horfe toleade how and which way he pleafe for hisbeftaduantage, which is the reafon that in this wild-goofc chafe there bemany adtiantages, fuch as hcreauer tha.ll be more at large declared. And thus much for the hunting horfe>and the chafes fitteftto be hunted. Chap*
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12 7'he thirdhBoo{e.
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Chap. 3.
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thechufmgof the RumingHerfe^ mi of
kit (hape. ALthough fome men holde an opinion, that eue-
ry Horfe which can gallop, may bee made an Hunting Horfe, andalbe wee daily fee that ma- ny Horfcs, which indeede can doc no more but gal- lop (and that not long together neither) are ordina- rily vfed in this cxercife of Hunting, yet I am of that minde, that if a Horfe haue not fome vertue more then ordinary, as either in his I wiftnefTc, toughnefle, winde, or courage, that hee is not worthy the name ofa Hunting Horfe, and neither doth deferue the la- bour, coft, and good foode which hee muft catc, nor the grace to bee imployed in fuch an honourable paftime. Now therforc to faue illimploicd coft,and the repen- tance which followes houres that are in vainc wafted, you fhal (being admitted to purfue this plcafure)be ex- ceeding carefiSl in thechoyce of that horfe which you intend for hunting : For as before I tolde you in the breeding of Horfes, fome are good forferuice in the Wars,fome for runing,fome for coach,fome for cart, and fome for the hamper, now all thefe in their kindes good, yet very fewe excellent In generall for all thefe vfes whatfoeuer,and thofe few which are fo well com- pounded, both of minde and body, that they are fit for any purpofe, they onely & none clfc are meft excellent |
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<TbetkrdiBoo{e. i$
Hunting, as hauing the ftrength of the War horfe,the
toughneffe of the Hunting horfe, the good paceof the Trauailer, the fwifneffeof the Runner, a good breaft for the Coach,a ftrongioynt for the Cart, and a backe like a beame for the-Hamper. But forafmuch as there be three efpeciall caracters or
faces,by which a manfhal chufe a good huntinghorfe, to witjhis btf ed jhis colour, and the Chape of his linea- ments,I will by them fhew you what obferuacions you fhallregard when you make choifefor this purpofe. And hrft for his breed,if he be either baftard Cmr/er,
baftard /e»ef&t baftard Pelander^vh breed is notamifTc; - for I haue knowne of all thefe fortes ofbaftards excel- lent hunting horfes. Now ifyou demand what I meane by this worde Bajlardi it is whena horfe is begotten by any of thefe Country horfes,vpon a faire Englilh Marc, orbyafaircbreddc Englifti Horfe vpon any of thefe country Mdresjbut neither to flatter other Countries, nor to take from our owne that which is due vnto it,the world doth not affoord in all pointes (both for tough- ncffeand fwiftneffe, beingioynedtogether) a better Horfe then the true bred Englifh horfe for Hunting: which affertion flaouid I maintaine by the beft proofe, which is example, I could repeat fo many inftances as were fufficient to fill vp the reft of this volume, but I will not at this inftant bee fo troublefome. Next to this Breed,you are to refpe<5t his colour and
markes, which forafmuch as 1 haue moft amply fet them do wnin the firft Chapter of the former booke of Riding, I will referre you thereunto,and not tyer your eare with oft repetitions : Yourlaftobferuationishts Xhapes, which although alfol haue in the other book fet A a jtowriCj
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izj. The thirdTBooke.
downe largely, yet I rauft here gioc you other notes
becaufe a hunting Horfe hath certaine proportions, & fecret figures, which doe more agree with goodnefle then beauty.Firft therfore,you fhalllooke to the fhape and proportion of his minde, obferuing that it bee KiiIde,tra<5table,loaing,and familiar withthcman,free from dogged malitioufnes, malancholy fullennes, or lunarickefrcnzic; but for wantonnes, running away, leaping.plunging, or other apiili trickes ( fo they pro- ceed not fromhate or enuy) neuer refpecl: them, for they are (like the conditions of flarewd boyes, which we fay will make good men ) no other but the faces of good fpirit and courage : and being tempered with Att^mafcethe Horfe not worfebut much better. Now for his outward fhapc: his head flaould be fbm-
what Iong,leane,&: large,with a fpacious wide chaule, both thin and open; his eare if it bee fhort and fliarpe, icis bell, butifitbeelongand vpright, it isafigneof fpcede and good mettall. His forehead long andri- fing in the middeft, the feather thereof ftanding aboue the top of his eye; his eyes full and round; his noftrils wide, and without rawneffe; his mouth large and hai- ry; histhroppell within his chaule as much as a man can gripe and by no meanes flefhly orfo clofedwith fatnefle, that a man can hardly filnde it, (as many fine fliapedHorfesareO the fetting on of his head to his necke would be flrong, but thinne, fo as a man may put his hand betwixt his necke and his chaule, and noe Bull-craggc-like, thicke and full, thatone cannot eafi- ly difeerne where his chap lyeth: his creft ftrong and well rifeiv, hisncckeftraight, firme, and as it were of pnepcece with his body, and not as my Countrey- mcn. i
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The third TZooke. 51
men fay) withie-cragg'd, which is loofe andplyant.
The throppell or neather part of the necke which goes from the vnderchappestothebreft, fhould when the Horfe reyneth be ftraight and eeuen,not bending like a bowe which is called cock-throppled, &is the greateft figne of an ill winde : Ifthe neather chappes,and that heather part of the necke alfo be full of longhaire,and bearded downe to the letting on of thebreaft, it is a figne of much fwiftnefle: a broad ftrong breft, a fhort chyne,an out ribbe, a well hidden belly,fhort and well knit ioyntes, flat legges,exccedingfhort, ftraight and vpright pafterncs, which is a member aboueall other to bee noted : hishoofes bothblacke and ftrong, yet long and narrow: and for his maine andtaile,the thin- ner the more fpirk, the thicker the grcaeerfigrreof dulnefTe j to bee (as fome tearme it) fickle hought be-« hinde, that is (bm what crooked in the cambrellioynt, as Hares and Greyhounds are, is not amiffe, though it bee a little eye-fore. And for mine owne part lhaue fecne many good which haue borne that proportion. And thus much forthechoife of Hunting Horfes, their Brcedes, Colours, and outward lineaments. |
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Chap, 3.
Jtrfhat Age HerfeifhouldHunt: of their firfi
taking from Graffs and of their
Houfing*
ALthough 1 haue often feenc (and tUofe which fol-
low this pleafure doe daily fee) Horfes trayncd vp to Hunting at foure yearcs of age, and fornc not A a 2 fo |
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l5 The ibtrd'Bwhg-j.
fo much: yet for mine own part I would haue nohorfe
trayned in that exercife till he be paft fine at the leaft sas foauing changed all bis teeth, & his ioynts beingcom© to their vttermdft largenefTe, for to put him to the vio- lence thereof in his former tendcrncife doth not oncly weaken h is ioyntes, and makes him putt outforances^ but alfocuen appaals his minde, and takes away much of his natural! courage ..bringing rhumes to the heade> ftifneffc to the ioyntes, melancholy thoughts to the minde, and all otner effeftes of olde age, before thofc which fhould be his beft dayes, come to be numbred. Your Horfe therefore being full flue yeares olde and
theaduantage, yon (hall take him fro grafTe about Bar~ tkolwew-tide, or within a A'eeke after atthefurtheftf for then Froftes beginning to come in ( which nip and kill the pride of graffe, making it not fo-nourifhing as before it was) and the cold Dcawes falling from aboue, making the Horfes haire begin to ftarc (whish though but few Horf-men regard, yet is a rule as worthy as a* ny other to bee refpe&ed) itisfltt that you fufFer your Horfe to runne no longer ; butinanycaietakehimin- totheStable whiicft his haire lyes fmooth -andclofe to his neckc & body: and that his ftomackehaue receiued . noillfnftenancejbythera^ecoldneffeofthefeafon. When your Horfe is thus taken from graffe, and fct
%rp in the Stable (the fcituation, fafhion, and comodity of which ftable., jsfliewed hereafter in the fiftBooke) you need then but onely looke vpon him and your eye will tell you whether h ee be fatt or no: If he be fatt,(as of neceffuy hee mud bee) haumg runne all the former Summer,vnleffe hee be vnfound & difeafed,and fo not .fr-for.y our purpofc^you fhal then Iqc him ftand all that |
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The third "Bookg* 17
<■
night, and the next day vncloathcd, and giuehimno
foode but a little Wheate ftrawe, and water, and two houres before you giue him any water, you ("hall giue him foure or fiuehandfulsofRie,welHbnn'd,or dried. ThisRie willclenfe away his graffe , empty his great bagge, and yet keepe him in good luft and fplrit. Thefecondday at night you fhallmakeaGroofnc
tub him all oucr with ahardwifpe, and then gird'ea* bout him with a Surfingle (flopping it with foft wifps) a fingle Canuaffe cloath, then if his W heat ftrawe bee fpent, put more into his Racke, and throw iomealfo vndcrhisbodytolyevpon, and fo let him ftand that night, and the next day alfo with nothing but Wheat ftrawe,Rie and water. The third day at night you fhall rubhimagaineo-
uer with nothing but an hard wi(pc,thcn cloath him a- gaine, and let him ftand with nothing but wheat-ftraw till the next morning, at what time as foone as you come vnto him, looke firft vpon his dung, and if you nnde that all the dark greenc colour which formerly it had, is gone, and there is no figne of graiTeleftinhis body,but that now his dung is of a pale yellow colour, neither inclining to blackncffe nor drilled e, you (hall thenneithergiue him any more Wheat-ftrawe, nor any more R ie. Now by the way,although I haue giuen you this rule
of giuing yout horfeRie, for the firft three day es after he is taken from grafTe, yet you (hall out of your owne difcretion gouerne it according to thefe obPruations: Firft ifyout Horfe bee new taken from grafte (becaufe all graffe is fco wring) if his dung be more loft then or- dinarily other horfes bc^which is a figne he is of a cold A a 3 confti-
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3KM
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coallitution,and fubiectto much follibknes, you fhall
then forbeare thefirft night, to giue him any Rie at all, becaufe Nature being a better workcmillristhen Art„ takes vpon her that labour: And if the other two daies alfo his body holde the fame temper ;you fhall then al- foforbcare guiing him anyRie, and in ftead thereof, giue him after each watering three orfoure handfuls of Oates, well dry'd and fifted, the Oates being good, found and fuh\and not like your Southerne Oates light and empty,which in the North we call skegs,and is the foode which onely doth fooneft dcceiue a horfc: but if you finde after your horfe hath ftood at Wheat-fkawe adayormore(whichindeedisaverybindingfood)his body begin to dry.and that his dung come from him in hard round pellets, not without much draining, and fomepaine (as you may pcrceiue by the thrufting out his belly) then you fhal giue him Rie in the manner be- fore prefcKbed,^ndnot otherwife, for although it bee comfortable, yet it is a kinde of fcow.ring, and not to be giuen to a Horfe in any fort, but by the way of ■me- dicine^- And thus much fortheir A ge.> taking from GrafTeandfirftHowfing. |
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Chap. 4.
Oftheft/fl fortnights bjet} Exerei/e3a»d
Dreftwg.
W Hen your Horfe hath his belly taken vp, and
the grafte fcowred foorthsyou flaaU then lay your hand vpon hisfide by his fhort ribs,a :d to his fillets, and if youfeele his fat to be i oft and apt to p rifle
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ThetbrdBoo/ie. IP
preffe down vnder your hand,you {ball then know that
his fat is vnfound,and not good,fo that the leaft violent cxercife will foone melt it: and being once molten, if then by Art,rnedicine and good keeping,it be not auoi- ded or taken away, then the fate belongin g to the out- ward parts of the body falles into his legs, making him haue fwolne legs, gowty and vnnimble,which though vnskilful Farriers attribute to other caufes,yetthis and no other is the original!; and that you may be the more affured therof, you fhall know it bv theie obferuations: his leggs will only fwcll when he ftandcth in the ft able, but whenyou ride or exercile him abroad, the more you chafe him,the more the fwelling will fall, and hee will come home at night with his legges; as flendcras if they had no imperfe&io; but the next morning they will be fwelled as big as they were before. The reafon hereof is this, the greacc which is falne downe into his leggs, with ftandingftdlcooleth, &fo coniealeth and bindeth togcrher, with other groffe humours,(which cueraccompany and flowe vnto theweakeftpartes,) notonelyftoppingthenamrallcourfeohbebloudbut alfo occasioning paine and much fweiling \ whereas when he comes to be laboured or exerc ife;i,the heat of his trauailc3(like fire to iroft)diflblues what his reft had bound vo, and io nicking the greaceagaine, difperfes both it and the other vnwholfome humours generally into euerymember ofthe horfes body ivhich is applied with like laborjand fo his legs comes to their firft fmal~ nes : then when reft comes againe, the griefe begins a- gain with rather more,rhelefTe torment,& this di'eafe with many is 'eld incurable, buttherin they are mifta- kenjyechowioeuer it be to be curedjlknow it isiodiffi- Aa 4 culta
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20 The third^Bool^e.
cushat a man canot haue to great a regard to preuenc
h. Now for the inward fatt5which is that which re- maines within his ftomack,in his fmall guts & his great bag, if that after it be once molten be not fcowred and taken away,but fuffered to rernaine in his body andpu- trifie, itbreedesthofemortall and deadly difeafes, of whichahorfefeldome efcapcs, as pcftilent feauers, fretringsoftheguts,conuimprions,andfuch like. The effects otthis mifchiefc being not difcerned or appea- ring to outward fence many times, till at leaft halfe a yeare after, whenceitcomes to paifethat multitudes .oiHorfesare loft inthis.Kingdome onely for wanrof fome tour-pence caft,and a little preuention; men ofc imputing to fodain death,witchcraft,& fuch like toies, the death which themfelues wilfully gaue,& might as cafily haue faued: which to preuent, you fhall obferue this merhodj after you haue laid your hand vpo his bo- dy,andfotmd.his fat foftSivnfoundjyoufhal then alfo tfmift your hand betweene his nether chappes} and if there you flnde much fatnes,greatrQundkirneIs,or any thick & vndiffolued uibftanee; you fhal then know that as he is outwardly full of vnfoundfatnefie, fo hee is in- wardly ftuft with ranch glut& purfines,fo that neither his winde can haue free paiTage, nor his bodyindure much labounyourArt then muff be to harden,& make his out ward fat fo firme& Yndifoluble,that it bee a for- tifier and augmenterofhis ftrength,and to elenfe away his in ward glut with fuch cofortable medicine and mo- derate exercife,thathis winde, courage, and poures of his minde, being freed ofall grofenes, may appeare in hislabourtobe moretben redoubled^which thus you fhall doe; Firftyou fhal take away his wheat-ftraWjand inftead
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|Tiwri^^oI>7hTlTp^
tie of hav a b Kge as a penny bottle in an Inne; which
^rdStlt^te bis teeth, then oitbottofil.
h\^0[™nke=ary»nane*nfneft[awfoot,bofbiS by fine or fixe a dod*<*«* »££ & hath
^Sf;2$ o m0vnc.oathPh,m,then
that p urpofe,*" ftUt your ^ cuine.iubbe, p.cke, anao imlnn«of dreffing'
longstoh.splaceandoffi ,wh.c d.|i[hefift
DooKjWiici j h placexobehold it.
Pl Whenvo£ G S hath finifld the Jcfincrf-
W(T and only eirtthc cloath about him with a yourhorie, anu oni)'&.r vmifhall thentakebim Lfiflgfe without any w^JH^S*hhtl to fome foonh^dmminung^ faireKiuerorSpnng^ fl»H gallop h^;P^cC* imwinJCs thW gallop him
ftorcy»aS,andthcn|WC » :thu u as much more, then giue hum & , .
fcal dotwicc or thriettil y ouhauewarmd the w arena
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2 o The third ^Bookg.
his belly,but byno means fo much,that you may either
chafe him,or wet any one haire about him with fweat, which when you haue done,you fball pace himfairc& foftly home, and when you haue brought him into the ftable,you fhall make the Groom firft. to rub and chafe his legs with hard wifps, then to ftop his furfingle with foftwifpes, then to take halfe a pcckc of good white Oates which arekilnedryed, andfiftingthemwcllina fine (iue, that there may be no duft left in them; asfooneasyouhaue taken orf his bridle, and put on his coller,making the manger cleane,put them then'n, that he may eat them; then putting his litter downe round abouthim,fhut vpyour ftable windowes clofe, and fo depart till one a clocke in the afternoon,at what time you fhail come to him againc, and firft making your Groom put away his dung, and what other fikhi- nesfhallbe about him; thencaufe himtoturnevphis cloath,and either with a hayr dottier with a wet hard wifpe caufe him to rubbc down his neck,buttocks,and legges;tben let him fife another halfe pecke of Oats, $c giue them to the horfe, then putting down his clothes let him ftand till it be betwixt threeandfourea clocke in the afternoon, at what time let the Groom come to him, & as he did in the morningjlet him firft put away his dung,then put vp his litter, wafh his fnafflie as he did before,put it vpon his head,turne him about, then vncloath him,and as hedre-ft him in the morning,fo Jet him dreffe him againe in the afternoone, and a; io©r,e asheisdreft,andhiscloathes girt about him,you fhall as you did before, take hisbacke, and ride him tothe former drinking place,and when he hath drunk,gallop him gently as you did before, with as great care, and with
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'/ he third *Boo{e* 21
with not one iot of more toile to the hor fe,then bring
himhome,andasyoudidin the morning, fo now lee the Groome rub his legs,ftop his furfingle, put downe bis litter, and giue him another halfe pecke of fifted Oates : then let him ftand till it be betwixt eight and nine a clocke at night; at what time you muftcome to himagaine, make your Groomtoput away his dung, torubbehisheadmeeke, legges, andbuttocVes, then to giue him new frefh litter, and another halfe peckc of well fifted Oates, and lo to let him ftand for all che night till thenext morning.Thus as you haue done this day3you (hail not faileto doe eueryday lor a fortnight together,wherin you are to note your howers for drcf- fing,drinking,and exercile are two-, M orning and eue- ning.For feeding foure : Morning, Noone, Euening and Night. No w during this firft fortnights keeping, you are to
take into your minde diuers cfpeciall obleruations •> as firft you fhall oblerue the nature and condition of your horfe, whetherhebelouing, orchutlifh, fearefulloc frantick,andaccordingto his nature fo to behaueyour ielfe vnto him; as if he be louingto requite him with loueagaine, and doe all things about him with gentle* nes-,if he be churlifh, then to doz all things about him with a bold courage and athreatning voice j (hewing yourfeife tobcaconimander,andgiuinghimnogood countenance, but when he doth carry himfeliewuh obedience- if hebe fearcf ull,then you fliall fortifie him with cberifhings, and doe nothing about him rafhly: and if he be framickyou fhall by your corre&ion fhew your felfe to be his mafter,and neither when you dreflc him, or doe any thing clie vnto him .fliall you.-come ta- him
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zq. V he third'Booty.
him but with a rod in your hand. Afrer this, you (hall
obferue the ftrength of his body,whether he be flowe at his meat,or retaine a good ftomacke,ifyou perceiue hebebutofa queafie and dainty ftomacke, then you fhall giue him thelefle at a time, and bee feeding him the okner,butifhis ftomacke be ftrong and good, the proportion before fet downe cannot be amendedithea you fhall obferue the nature of his difgeftion, that is, whether he hold his food long in his body, or difgeft and put it out more fpeedily,which you fhall know by his dunging,for if he dung oft and moif?,then he holds not his food long in his ftomacke: ifhedungfll- dome and hard, then hec keepes his foode, and it is afigneofa drie bodie. Now if hee doe holde his foodc long, you fhall vfe once or twice a wceke, whe- ther he haueexercifeor noexercife to giue him with hisOatsahandfull or more of hemp-feed 5 if he doe not retaine his foodc, but haue a quicke difgeftion,hc iseafierto worke vpon, and you fhall keepe him with drie prouender. LaftIy,you dial obferuc whether he be a grofe and foule feeder, or very curious and dainty:grofe and foule, that is, when he hath no other meat, hee will eate his litter vnder him, gnawvp- on the Maunger and boards about him, or eate mudde walles,or thatch if any beneerehim, andfofcedeasic were&befatindefpightboth oflaboiir&hiskeeper; Curious and dainty ,thatis,thoughyou giue him neucr fo good meatjkeep neuer fo good howers,and let him haueneuerfomuch reftjOrneuerfo much abftinence, yet he will net eat to fill his belly; and when he comes to labour, he Will loofe more fkfh in a daies hunting, then he will get a gaincin a whole weeks refting. Now |
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Ofe third ^Booe. 25
*—■-------------■ ——--------------------~—■--------------------!———■-----------------' ~r~~. T"~ ""
if you do find your horfc thus curious and daintie,your
beft courfe is in his daies of reft, to let him be his own
dieter,that is,yeufhail euer let meat lie in the manger
before him,yet change kofothat is,look what you giuc
him in the morning, if you find any ofic in the manger
atnoon,you ftiallfweep itaway3andfifrhim frefh,then
that which you take away after it be well ay red & fund
againe,will be as good.as it was beforehand lookc how
you doe at noon,ioyou may doe at euening and night
3M0. You muftalfo change the nature of his meate
andn6tkcepehimto one kind of food, butgiuehim
fometimesOatcs, fometimesbread> holding moftto
thatfpodwhich hee beft liketh 4-yonfhallalfointhe
time ofliisre-let apaile of water {land by him,that he
may drink at his plcafure,for fome horfeshauefuch hoc
ftomacks,that if they may not almoft to euerie birbaue
a fup,they cannot ponTolie eat', and yet for all this you
fhall obferue your ordinarie bowers for watering him
abroadalfo, andvfetheexercifcas is afore(aid;butif
your hor(e1>e grofe?fat,& a foule feeder,which is calld
a kettiehorfe, then after you haue done as much as is
prelcribed for your dales labor,you (hal not faile mor-
ningandeuening, for this firft fortnight to aire him as
j$ ihcwed you in the next Chapter.
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GBAP.^
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%6 9hethirdcBoo^e.
Chap. 5.
:■------------------1---------------------------,------------1-----------,—
Of the tyring ofhunting herjes.
THe ayring of hunting Horfes is but at three fea-
fons onely to be vfed ; that is either in the firft fortnight when they arc firft taken from graflTe,at what time they are fo fat and foule, that they cannot be put to any labour without danger: or when they are in diet for fome great match or wager, (o that they muft be kept in good breath with moderate cxercife,prefer- uingtheirchiefe ftrength and powers tillthetimeof their trialls:or whenahorfe hath got any ftraine.griefe or mifchance,fo that you may not ride nor gallop him, yet you would keep him in good breath till his forance be ameded:vpon any of thefe occafionSjayringis your onely remedyjand this it is, and thus you aretovfeit. Early in the morning a fullhoure & a halfe before Sun rifc,you fhall come to your ftable, and after you haue made your Groom to put away your horfes dung, and torubhishead3necke,legs,buttocks,andbodyallouer with a hairy cloath,then girding hiscloaths about him with afurfingle,and making them faft and clofe before his brcft,you fhal the wafhing his fnaffie in a litle beer, put it in his mouth,then bringinghim foorth, take his backe,and with a faire foot-pace ride him vp to the top of the knole of fome hill,& there walke him vp& down no more but in a foot-pace, till you fee the funne be ri- fen vp faire in your fight,then walkhimfairlie home to the ftable,and there let yourGroomdreffehimas be- fore,then ride him to the water, after his water gallop Jhim,chcR bring him home3tub him,and giue him pro- uender,
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The third cBQQ{e> z7
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uender,&vfehiminallthingsaSiSLbCforetaughtyous
only when thcfun is as it were at the inftam fettingsor
bSttlebeforesasyoudidinthemornmg/oyoa^al do"a the cucriiog,takc him foorth & ayre him.but then
voi (hall not goe to the hills, but downeto fomsfaire vallie or meddow through which fome nuer runs and Ihce alongft the riuer fide you fhal aire h,m at leaft for
anhoureandahalfe,andf6br nghimhome caufehun tobe well rubd &chaft,€hie him a handful! «two of prouender, and then follow your former directions Kngthe'time of your ^V^Y'wXll
fhal fee him gape,yawne,aod as it were <hr ug his body, and aLadelight &plcafureinit3 you (hallin aynne wten7ourho?fewillatany time take: occafion to ftand M\ as it were to eaze about, orto liftento anything, SkehiSpLfure.Theprofitwhichdothredo^
airingisthis;itmakesakettiefulhorfcempneW,hs belli? andbladdcr, -& theftiarp «" .^^imoft «Id
ningisthepurcftvponthetops o hils, ^moftcold andfubtilthat which comes m the euemng from h.
humiditieofthewaterwillfopiercemtothcpQerso
thehorfesbodie^hatitwilleuenclenfe&expcllmany
erofe& fuffocatinghumors-.it doth alfo temper and
|earthebloud,makesthe6efhfirm&h3rd5&tempetS thefat with fuch goodqualities,that it is nmhmgneer
f0readietobediloludormolten.Toeonclude,anor- Lary dales hunting takes no forer of a horfe then_one
of thcfe earlie or late airings; After youhaue thus for a fortnight applied your horfe with ainngs,; and mode- ratliccxercifed him after his drink, then you may the next fortnight with more boldricOe aducnture him u> 40 ftronger labour. ^^ |
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% 8 Thethird^Boo^e.
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CBAP. 6.
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ZhefccendfortnightsAyet andfirfi
" banting. < A Fteryou haue with ayring and moderate exercife
/~\ after his drinke, brought your horfe to fome pre- tie ftate of body, which is, that his fle(h oner his fhortribs, will not fcele Co foft, and loofcvnder your hand as before it did, neither the thin part of his flange isfothicke, and full in your gripe, asiewasathisfirft taking from grafle, nor that you doc finde the kernels and groffe matter gathered together vnder his nearhcr chaps altogether io great as at firft they were ; then you fti all proceed to a more ftrickt cknfing of his body after this manner.Early in the tn orning about an hourc or morebefore his acciiftomed tirne,your Groom ihal come into the liable, andasfoone aseucrhehath put away your horfes dung, he fhalllooke what meat your horfe hath left in his manger, and if there be anie, hes fhall notwithstanding makecleane the manger,and fif> ting the horfe two or three handfuls offrefh Oats,giue him them to eat,and as foonas he hath done eating,he fhall bridle him vp,turn him about,& then fall to dreflc him. After he is dreft,the Groom fhall take a good hun- ting Saddle, with handfornc Stirroppcs and flrong Wollen garths, and girtitvpon the Horfes backe, then hee fhall throw the cloathes ouer the faddle, and fo let the Horfe fland vpon the Bridle, till the Hounds
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lhethird<Book{* 19
Hounds and your felfeare rcadietogoefoorthcmhurt-
ting,which would be anhour or there abouts after Tim- rife at the furtheftjthen you (hall take your horfcs back, andthatfirftdayfollow the hounds veric gcntlic, gal- loppingvericfildome, and no long time together, buc crofling the fields ^o your beft aduantage, both obferuc to make in with the Hounds at euerie default,and alfo to keepc your horfe (as ncere as you can) within the crie of the dogs, that he may take delight in their mufickes and when you finde the chafe to runne oner any faice earth, as either ouer More, Medow, Heath, grecnfwarth, or grade leyes;all which my countrymen of the North-cat! skelping earths, becaufe a horfe may without any great toile or paine throw out his legges and bodic, and gal- lop fmoothlie thereupon; you may then thruft out your horfe,and for a quarter of a mile,or halfc a mi!e,(accot> ding as the chafe holds out) galloppe him faire Si ib folie vpon the hand after the Heunds, that hcc may learnc how to handle his lcgs,ho w to lay his body, and how to change and alter his ftroake according to the changed alteration ofthe ground,as if the ground be plain and le- uel,then to lay downe his body,ftretch foorth his legges and to goemore fpecdily away , but if the ground bee ruttie and full of Ialfe treading, ( which we call broken fwarthe)orifitbeouer ridge and furro we, fo that the horfe in his galloppingrifcs and falls, then he rnutlga- ther vp his body ro'und & clofe, ftrike fhorter and thick- cr,tothe intent hemay auoidc ruttes,or fetringhis fore- feet in the bottome of furrowes, whichifat any time by mifchancehedoc, yet carrying his bodiefo round and vpright, heewill eucrhauethat ftrength atcommande- ment,thathe wil neither ftumble nor fall ouertto which penedion you can no way bring him, but by moderate B b excrcife
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Jo 7be third 'Boo/^c-j.
exercifeandcuftome, and keeping him euer within his
winde,that whenfocuer he ends gallopping., he may be in his beft ftrength , & haue alwayes a defire to do more then you will differ him;thus and by the rule ofthefe ob- feruations you fhal hunt your horfe til it be betwixt two and three oftheclockc in the afternoonc, at what rime you fhall couple vp your Hounds, and then coniider the eftate of your Horfe, whether he haue had any great cxercife or no; that i«., whether he haue fweat any thing or nothing ( tor to fweat exceeding much the firlt day you mull by no meanes fuffer nim)and if you find he haue fweat a lict!e,rhen you thall ride him gently home; but if he haue not fweat at all,then you fhall vpon fame faire skelpe earth gallop him, till you make him {wear, but you muftdo it {o gemly,that you neither grieue him with the labour, nor make him defire the quickning of thefpurreinhis gallopping, but that all he doth may be done as it were out ot tiis own voluntary wil Sc courage. When you haue made him wet the haires that are at the rootes of his cares, and fome few vpon his neckeand flankewith fweat ( which are all the places you mtift at rirft by any meanes make him fweat in ) then you fhall ride him gentlie home : and as foone as you are ligh- ted from his baxke,you fhall caufe him to be fet vp in the liable: then tying hh head with the Bridle vpto the rack (where there mult neither be hay, nor any thing elfe) make two grooms at the leaft, one of one Ctde the horfe^ and another of the other,wit<h good ftore of frefh ftraw, which muft lie vnder him, rubbehishead and face firft^ then alibis foureleggesjthen his necke,body,helly,but- tockes,and generally cuerie part of the Horle, till they hauenotleft about him anie onewet orfoulehaire, then let them vngird his gyrshsj and take off his Saddle, |
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*I he third TSookf, 31
and immediatlie clap about his bodie and his heart two
yardesoffome thick ftrong cotton,then lay on his cloa- thes which ordinarily he wore, and hauing girt them on with the furfingkj let it be ftopt round about with foft wif pes, and fo let him ftand for the {pace of two houres or more-then you ftial come vnto him and vnbr idle him, and then fift two or three handfull of Oates, andmixe with them a good handful of Hcmpfeed,and giue it him to eat: then put into his rackc a little bottle of Hay, and fo let him ftand till betwixt eight and nine a clocke at night,at what time comming to him,vou (ball giue him to drinke a fweet mafh of ground mault and water luke- warme, which if atfirfthe be dainty to drinke on, re- fpe¬, but placing it in iuch fortvnderhina, that he cannotthrow itdownejlet it ftand by him all night, that hee may drinke at his pleafure. Thenyouftiall cut him in fmall peeces the value almoft of halfea pecke of ordinary hunting bread (the making and na- ture whereof (hall bee prefcribed vnto you in the next Chapter) then putting another fmall bottle of Hay in- to the racke,thruftingvp his litter hanfomelie, that his bedde may be foft, and tubbing his head, necke, and buttockes downe with a haire cloath, let him ftand till the next morning. Mow forafmtich as in this flrft dayeshunting,there are
many obferuatioas to be noted, I thinke it not amiffe to giue you a taft of them before 1 proceed any further.-firft therefore you ought to obferue,that in the morning whe you come into the field, you doe not put your horfe to any gallop for at leaft two hours^which time you (hal fpend in trotting,& walking him after the dogs,8c many times ftandingftill, to make your horfe dung, andemp- tie his beUie,which wheloeuer he doth,youlhaU cherifh h b z him,
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2 2 Thai ird'Boofy.
him,and with oft (landing fhl,and now & then whittling
your horfe, doc what you can to prouoke him to pifle, (which is the wholfomeft thing of all others) then when you find thatyour horfe by his often dunging & pirn"rig is reafonably well emptied;you may begin to gallop hira in manner before (hewed. Next you fhallobierue the nature and inward qua-
lity ofyour Horfe; which is whether he be ofa tempe- rate and fober fpkir, one that will doe no more then you put him vnto,nor ftriitc to go faftcr then you would haue him; or whether be be a Horfe of fiery and forward fpi- ritjpne.that will chafe,frctte,and fweat as much for ang- er that hee is kepr backc and reftrained, as the other whenheisrunnea whole fcnt andfoundlicfpurred : if yen find him of dull and (obcr mercall, then you fhall galloppchim the ofiner, but theleffe while togethcrs that you may bring fun t» delight in hunting, now and then awakening him with your fpurrcs, but by no meanes ( as 1 laid before ) bringing him to the height of his winde,oithcvrteimo(tof rmltrengtb. But if hee be a.Horfe of hot and free mertall, then you (hal \ gallop him the feldoi*er,buf the fbrer, rhr-uuVg-Imn now and then vpon decpe and ouerthwart earth, that by feeling the paine oj labour,and thedaunger which his fierce and mad running drawes him vnto when he is ready to oner* throw in euerie furrow, hee will euen by ehofe corredr* Oiis, and the benefit of hisowueknowledge3 comeroa* mote moderate temper inhisrunning, and fb much rhe beuer and fo.on)cr?ifyou(as-in true Art you ought fo do) by no meanes citliei with fpurre or rod compellhim to doeai^thingjbut that all the mifchiefe5,heefeeicsy snayorelie come by his owne volantaiie furic; yon buE.oue]ieguiinglibeitie.tohi4frovvardncfre:thenvt)ri |
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The third ^Boofy. 3 ],
fhal obferue vpon what earth he gallops moft vnnimbly,
and vpon thatearth vfe to gallop him moft,yet with fuch kifure and gemleneiTe, that he may haue both time to know,and time to amend his fault. Laftlie, you fhall obferueafteryour Horfe begins to
cat bread jwhether vpon that food he be quicke or flowe of difgeftionjas beforeinthefirft fortnight; andifyou find that he be quicke of difgeftion,that is,that he-keeps his bread but a little whileinhisbodie(as for the moft' part your fierie and free Horfes doe) then you {halibut onelielightlie chip your bread, and fo ghie it him both cruft arid crummetogethcnbut if he bellow ofdifgcftt- on,which is, that hec keeps his meat long in his'-bell-ie,; then you fhall cleaue your■loaues i ri the riiidft, andgiue vnto your Horfe nothing butthecrumuveonlie;for the crumme is quick of difgeflion,ahd foon turns to blood, cruditie,and excrements • and the cruftis flow of difge- on,andaskes(by meanesofhis hardneffeanddryneffe) a double time before it be conco&ed. After you haue thus fpent your fvrft hunting day *, as
Toons as the next morning appeares, you (ball come to the ftablc, and the firft thing you doe,'-fhall be to make your keeperthruft the holies dung from his litter, on which you (halllooke, and by treading vpon it with your foot an-d opening it, you fhall fee whether you cart, find any greafe either without or withiivic,dr whether ic be flimie or greafieoutwardly,iftherebe neither greafe nor other ilimic matter to Dee perceiued, but that his dung holds the fame ftate and colour which formerly it did before he was hunted ,then you i"hall know-thatyour fkftdaics hunting did take nothing at all of your Horfe, but that his bodie holds one certalne ftate ftilU which is a warning vnto you that you may the next hunting day J3bj wm°f!
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jii The third ftbefy.
almoft double your exercife;but if you find that there be
any littlegreafe come from thehorfe,or that his dung be butoutwardlie greafie, which you fhal know by the fhi- ning ofhisdung,or by white fpots,like fopefpots,whick you (hall fee within hisdung, or if his dung be of a darke colour, or harder then it was, then you may beaffured that both your horfe is extrcame foule,and that your la- bour was fullic fufficientj fo thac the next day yon hunt you flialincrealehis labour but a HctlcmoreWiien you haue taken thefeobferuations from his dung, youfhall then make your Groom drefle him, and after he is dreft, asyou did the firft fortnight, fbyou fhallthen riiehim to the water,gallop him after his drinke, and then giue him either 5 .or tf.handfuls ofwel fifted Oates,or a good quantitieof bread cut in fmallpecces, which you thinke he hath beftftomaclcevnto-.as thus, if the laft meat you gaue him before were OatSithen now you fhal giue him Breadjif it were bread then,nowOats:for the oftneryou altcr,the better will be his appetite : yetyoumuftroake bread hisprincipallfood,bccaufeit is moftftrong,moft healthfull andbeftnourifhingbothofwindeand bodie. Thus youfhall keep this day of reft as you kept him the firft fortnight,thencxt day followingyou fhal hunthirn againc as you did thciirft day,only a little increafing his toile according to his nature, ftrcngth, and aptnefle in hunting, and when you bring him home, to obferue all the rules,diets,kceps,foods,3ndobferuations which are formerly defcribedin this and the other Chapters. And - fhus you dial hunt your horfe in this gentle manerfoure times a week for a fortnight together.feeding him onlie with ordinaric bread and Oates,& giuing him ho fco w» dngjbut mafhes andhempfecd. |
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CffJP.y
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-■ I ■ -- - I------------— .....-■■■>■■*——■^^M__J__^——__-----------
The third TZooke, p
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Chap. j.
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Of hunting hreadejoothordinarie ( asfor frayning
ofHorfcs) and extraordinary for matches
orWagers*
THere is nothing doth fo much ftumbic mens
minds, and make them afraid of keeping hunting horfes, astheverie remembrance and charge of keeping them, which by the follie of ignorant and foo- lifli keepers, who to make the arte andfecrets greater then indeed they are, ortogiueafaifecolour to their owne knowledges (as if in their skils were myfterics be- yond coniuratio«)or clfe as I think to get vnhoneft pol- ling pence to their owne purfesjthey tell noble fpirits & good minds ( whofc births and places are far beyond comerce with thefe^ vndcr offices(yet defire to baue cue- rie thing in beft ptrfe&ion) of fuch ftrange and vnnccef- farieexpences,offuch huge and monftrous proportions for food, and fuch diuerfities of come, and of fb much difficultie and attcntion,thatasifahuntinghorfe would almoft leaue no cornefor the poore to feed on j or had a ftomackeas infinite as fuch a keepers follies they make good minds fo wearie of the plealure,and fo fearefull to meddle ffith a charge worfe then vfurie,that they by all meancs poffible notlhunne the fport, but fay, asl hauc heard fome Gentlemen doc, that one hunting horfe is more char gable then the keeping ofhalfe a dozen or di- sary iaurncyingGcldingSibut they are deceiucd/or this £ b 4 Idare
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j 6 ^The third <BeG'^e.
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I date auoueh to atthe world,and I would haue all gen-
tlemen know it, that if be which vndertakes to keepea hunting Horfe be a man skilfull,honeft,& of good eon-- feiencc3then look what allowace any Nobleman or gen- tleman will allow to his footcloth or horfe for his owne faddle,(which cannot be leflTe then a p^cke at a watering which is two peckes a day) that euen that allowance and fortie killings a yeermorc,fhall keep any bunting horfe whatfocuer as fuiiicientlie3eithcr for pleafurc or elfe for match j as ifyou fhould allow him ten folde double the proportion, and hse which demaunds more, wrongs both himfelfe and his matter.. Now he that either loues fport or a good horfe, and;
wilnot allow one forty fhilliogs a.yecr to fee him in bed perfection, for my part I could wifh he might bedepii-. ued pleafurc, andbauea torment, in my conceit worfe. then the rack;that is to ride of a lade that is tyred. But to procecdtomypurpofe3andthatyoiimay fee the greeted charge which belongs to a hunting horfe, I will follow, on the manner of bread makings and fir ft for the ordi- nate bread, which is that wherewith you,nmft feede, she moft part of the ycer: you ate thus to compound it;, Gnlmarie Take a ftrikc ofcleane Beanes,two pcckcs of wheat,and |
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Bvead,
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apeckeof Rye,grindthefe together, and then fift them,
through a terofe,tben knead it with good itorc ofbarme. &water3butletyoiir water be fcalding hot, that it may rake awayjthe ftrong fauour of the Beanes, whenyou haue knodden it well, then lay a cloathouerit3 and. let it bee alfo well trodden,.then mouldc itvppeinta greatloaues, like Houfholde loaues,Jiauing asneere as you can geffe, about; a pecke in-a loafe; then bake h as you bake good houfhold :bread, and no others wife, and let it be at.leaiLtwo dayes old before your horfe;
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^Ibe third 'Boofa 37
horfe taft any of it. But if the horfe for whome youTnakc
this bread5be exceeding fpllible & much fubied to lofe- nes in his body, then you fhall put in no Rye at alhbut if he be of a hot body, andfubiectto more then ordinary drineffe, then you fhall ousr and befides the Rye, put to- the former proportion of cornc, about two pound of fweetbutter. The natures of the aforefaid grainesare thefe; ,-Firft- the Beanes are the moftftrone; and natural! foodfor a Horfe that can be, being neither fo purfle, fulfome,nor breeding fuch raw crudity as Peafe do,and therefore where Beanes are to begot, I would haue no Peafe vfed. Then the wheat is comfortable, light of dif- geitionjandfooneftconuerts to good blood. Lafllythe Rieis follible&eiucuating5fo that being mixt with the other two graines which are drie and binding, it makes tbebreadqfareafonable and indifferent compofition. The barm-emakes the bread light/otharit doth neither load nor cloy the ftomackjthe fcalding water takes away- the ftrong fauour.,and the butter is a purge comfortable? wholfome,and not againft nature. This bread hath in it fufficient ftrength andvertue,-
to bring ahorfe to good ability of body, andpurcneso! wind, neither would I haue any man either for the tray- ningvp of young Horfes,or for the ordinary pleafure of hunting,tovfe any other bread but this only: but if you make any match for any great wager,whercJnyotJ are to be exceeding circumfpe£t and carefel!,for in their lofTes do indeed confift the charge andcare of hunting horfesj, andto which I wil neuer giue any man incouragemem^ yetifyou haue made a match, and that your horfe mufi bebrong!ittothevttermoftperfe&ionthatmaybe,thers, < wu Avail make him another fort of bread foinewhat &< ner then the former after this.mannerj you fhall take of deans?-
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33 <1 be third'Booke.
cleane beanes,well dFied a ftrike>ofoa£-mealetwo pecks
andofRyetwopeckes, grinde all thefe together, and boultthem through an ordinarie bolting eloath, then takeas much new ale,and the barm beaten altogether,as will feme to knead it, andifyou will beftow the whites offortie eggcs vpon it,the bread wil be fo much the bet- ter both for the horfe and his winde. After the dough hath been wellknodden with hands,
you fhall then caufe the Baker, hauing his feerecleane fcoured and wafht, to goe into the trough and tread it exceedingly, then youfliallcouer it with cloathes, and letitlietillitfwell euen to the toppc ofthetrough, which it will in (hort fpace doe:then knead it again, and So mould it vp in great loaues as you did before with the former bread,&fo bake itfufficientlie,but by no mcanes ouer bake it. Better bread then this cannot be made for hunting, and though there be fome horfemenof my knowledge, which will beftow vpon bread a great dcale of more charges,as by putting hot fpices and other fuch like toies therein, thinking that more coft brings more worfhippe, yet knew theyhowvildeandvnwholfomc it is, furclie they fhould neuer reape for their labours,fb much as God a mercie/or take itfrorn me for a general! rule.whefoeuer you fee anie man vfc fpices to a hunting horfe that is found &of good conftitution,he is neither good keeper, nor can giue any good reafon for his doo- ings,more then ourcommon Smithes doe for their me- <Jicines3which isjthey faauefcenfuch a man do it before them. |
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CHAV&
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Of ail manner of purgations or ftowr'tngs that art fit
for hunting horfes^and of their natures,
vfe and operations.
Vrgations which are the emptiers,and voiders of all
fuperftuous humours, which doc annoy the bodic with their euill qualities,bringing either fickncflcs, vlcers,ormortalitie, I doe not meane amplie to dilate vpon in thischapter,becaufe they are more properly bc^ longing to the ficke horfethentothc found j and their fimples fo curious, ftrangeand violent in working, as goes beyond the skill of euerie ordinarie keeperjand for as much as I haue in the book of difeafes fpoke as much as is neceflarie cocerning them and their natures in cafe offickneffe, I will here onelic trouble you with thofc ■ purgatiue receits, which are onelieniccteforhunting- horfesjorrunninghorfes, being found of bodie, and in perfect ftrength and liuclihood, whjch arc called of theNorthernemenfcowrings, which intruefignifica- tionis the fame that a purgation is, yet in that their workings are fomewhatditferent,becaufc the purgation doth clenfe away thofcfickc and vnwholfbme humors Which are growne to an euill alreadie, the fcowring none but thofe which in time would grow to be-con- tagious, I will let onelic the names hold[the differences: between them*,and onelic here fpeake of fcowrings.Thc firfVfcowring,& which is of al other the gentieft & moft whokibmejisthcffM^j and it k made io this manners take
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4© if"he third 'Beofa
take a pecke ofgrouud mault,and put it into a paileuhen
take a gallon and a halfe of water boyling hot from the flre,and put if into the mault,then with a {taffe,mafh and ftirre them together at leaft halfe an houre3tiIItaking the water ypon your finger, you feele it asfweete ashonic (foreuerthe fweeter it is, theftronger it is) then let ic fiand till it beluke warme, and then giue it your horfe. This math is to be giuen to anie horfe after hi-s labor,ef- peciallie to fueh as arc weake or leane,f or as it fcowreth away molten greafe and loofe humors,fo it comforteth thefpiritsand ingenders ftrength, itis good alfoibra fat horfe (as is before(hewed you)vpon his firiilabour, fo that you vfe with it(as is likewifelhe wed yoifjanothec icowring which is of a ftronger .nature,for to vfe it only; ©fit felfe,it will feed a horfe and make him morefatand purficit isalfd exceedin.ggood,and onlic.to.bevfedin anyficknerTewhatfoeucr, iortofpeakcthetnuhofit,it is the horfes Ale-berrie. OfHimp. The next fcowring is hempfeede cleane dreft to bee
mingled with his Oats-jhe nature w-hereofis exceeding gentle and without all offence to the ftomacke, itis the beft fcowring to beginne withall, for it doth neither of- fend the horfe in tailing, nor workes vpon any matter but what nature is willing to expd,and his office is only to purge the ftomacke and intralls. Roftmaryand The next fco wring isjtakeliofemarie and chopit ve-
Bu«tr. riefmall; then take a quarter of a pound of verie fweet
Butter, and worke them together, then breakc it in pecccs, androlleitinto fundry pellets, fomewhat big- ger then the Wall nut, and then holding vp the horfes head,putthem getly down his throar,thcn ridethe horfe i gently vp & down half an houre after to make the fcow-
ring worke. This is good for a fit horfe, after you hauc
giucn
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(TheebirdBoo{e. 41
giuen him fuch a fweate that you are fure you haue mel-
ted fome of his inward greafe, it fcowreth the ftomacke and intrals, and a little perfumeth thchead,and wafteth the grofle matter betwcene his vnderchappes,anda-» kout his winde-pipe : it istobegiuentoahorfeearely in the morning wbenheisfafting. The next fcowring is Salletoylehalfe a pinte, and of ^j^
milke new from the Cowe a pin' e; brew them together, Make. and giue it to the Horfc with a home. This fcowring is much ftronger then any of the former, and will in the working mike a Horfelicke for an houre and more, it alio purgeth theftomacke, and" intrals of all molten grcafe or other humours which former labour hath dif- iolued, it is beft for afat horfe,efpecially whenafter you haue giuen him inward hcates, andfit}dethatoutofthe hardnes of his conftitution, the other former fcowrings Will not workejOr bring any thing from him: you ifaal as foone as you haue giuen this fcowring, ride your horfc gently vp and down for haife an houre, and then fet him vp foastheHorfemayliedowne at his pleafure. The time to giue it is in the morning. The next icowring,is to take apinteof Mhskadinc,and Saj!et le3nd-
halfe a pinte of Sallet oyle ; and mixing them together, Muikadme, towannethem vponthecoales,and fo to giue it to the Horfe with a borne. This fcowring hath alt the efo&s andvtrtues which Sallet oyle and MUke hathjonelyic exceeds in this, that it is much more comfortable ,and as it fcowpeth ,fo it gjueth ftrength and luft$ neither doth ic lcaue thai fleamiefubftanccbehinde which Milke doth, in(om?ch that it is good cither for fat hor (e or for leane, (lftheleanehauc any grolfe humour to worke vpon) thisfcowringis-notamiiTe to be giuen to a-Horie at his firft
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42, The third'Bool^e.
firft taking from gratfe. After he hath receiued hisfirft
found fweate,it purgeth the intrals: the houre to giue ic is earelyinthe morning, and his exercife to bee ridden gently halfe an houre after it. SackeondSal- The next fcowringis facke apinte,and fallctoyle halfe letoylc. apinre mixttogether,thenwarm'dvponthccoales,and giuen to the Horfc mxh a home, it is an excellent fco w- ring, and moft whoifomcfor any horfe ofwhatftate of body foeuer he be, for it both clenfeth the body and che head and alfo it cures anycolde , and leaues no groflc humours that can any way trouble the winde. Now you are to note that thefe three fcowrings laft
rehearfed, to wit, Sallet oyle and Milke; f allee oyle and M uskadine,and fallet oyle and Sackc, arc very carefully to be vfed and with great confederation; as firft they are not to be vied often, but either when by outward tefti- monies you know that your horfe is inwardly fouIe,and that you haue giuen him labour fufficient to difTolueit, or when by apparant heauines or other ftoppings,colds or obferuations, you lee your horfe begin to wax fickc, and not other wife : Againe, you are toobferue,thatif ficknes either by luddain colde or other mifgouernment fhall happen vnto your horfe, when he is cleanc in body from glut or fatt, or if your horfebeoffuchafollible conftitution,that he is but too apt to fcowre (yet necef- fuy compels you to vfe one of thefe fco wrings)in inch a cafe lookc which of the fcowrings you vfc, and to it you fhalladdc at leaft two or three ounces of Sugar-candie, fothat nature hauing whereupon to worke, the medi- cine fhall vfe his force without impediment' Butttrand The next fcowring,is to take twenty cloues ofgarlicke GatJicke. cleanc pilled^ and to bruife and ftamp them in a woden- difh,
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1 he third T$oo!^< 4.5
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dim, then to take a quarter of a pound of fweer butter*
sndtoroulevpthegarHcke in foure orfiuepellecs big* §er then wal nuts, and fo to giue them to the Horfe, and thruft them downe his throate: This fcowring is. to bee giuen to any horfe of what ftate oi body foeuer he bee, if hebefubie&eithertocoldeorpofeinthehead, font purgeth onely the head and winde-pipes, and dtfolusth the gro-fenes betwe«ne his chaps,the tim,i to giue it is in themorninq; fafting, and to be ridden moderately haSfs an hourc after, and you may if you pleafegiueir three mornings together, if either your horfe haue taken any Height colde , or that you finde the kirnels vnder his chaps are impediments to this winde. The next fcowring is to mixe Butter and Saunders to- Butter and
gcther,and to make round pellets and giue them to the s-umdcis" Horfe, it is the fame in nature and operation thai Butter and Garlicke is, but not altogether to ftrong, and there- fore not of fo fit vfe j it onely purgeth the head > and is to be giuen with the fame manner and order as me former. To put muftard feed now and then amongft your horfes Oatcs, purgeth the horfes head, giucs himoccafionto neefe and fnore, and is very wholfome, to that if you vfe iteuerydayonce, it cannot chufe but bring profite, and; helpe your horfes windcmiich. The iaft fcowring is •, take a goo] quantity ofBoxe Boxe!eaues
Icaues, and put theminto a pewter diih, then fet them &Bnmftotie, before the 6re, and let them dry leafurely, till they be fo hardthat you may crufh-them to powder, then when- they are bruiiM , take the fame quantity of Brimftone, beaten likewife to powder , andmke it and.theboxs leaues well together, then when your Horfecomesm fromhuntingjaitctheisrubdjdreftjandhathftoodvpon- the
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4 4- The third *Boofy.
thebrydlea goodfpace, then the firft meate that you
giue him mult be a handfull or two of well fifted Oatcs, and a prety quantity of this fco wring ftrinckled amongft them ; yet you nurjft doe itfo cunningly and daintily, thatyour Horfe may not finde fault at it, or through the fauour thereof refufe his meate. This fcow ring pur- geth the head, ftomacke, and euerypartof the body, it killeth the Maw-worme, Bottes and grubbes, which thrcefortes ofwormes being bred in the ftomacke, doe exceedingly torment the Hunting and Running horfe, becaufe beingkept fo much fading, the worme wanting humours to worke vpon,doth gnawe and gripe vpoiuhe ftomact/o that if they be not kild,the griefe ofthem will keepe thehorfe from his beftdooing. This fcowring is cfpecially to bee vfcd when your
Horfe is clcnfed from glutt or fatt, and when you haue him either in dyct for match or wager, it is mearely without all hurt, and hath no working in it contrary t© nature. And thus much for fcowrings, their natures and operations. |
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Chap. 9.
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Tk'thim'fortnights Vyet^ and of the pfltforcxft
Sweatings* AFter your Horfe by the two former fornights dyer,
is come to fo good aneftate of body, and fo well infeain'd that you finde hec is able with good ftrength aud winde to runnc vponanyrcafonableand indifferent
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7 he tbira 'Boofy. 4.-7
indifferent earth) two or three mile without much
Sweating or blowing,if you would force him thereunto, and that now theflefhof his bodie doth begin to grow verie hard, his flanke thinner and cleaner then at your fecond fortnights beginning, you fhall then this third fortnight increafehis laboured come to acknowledge of the vttcrmoft of his inward powers, and how ape orfitheeis, or will bee for this pleafure to which you employ him, and you fhall doe it in this fort. Accor- ding to the manner prefcribed in the Cccond fortnight. After your gr'oomc hath earlic in themominggiuen your horfe a pretie quantitie of bread or wel fifted Oats, and that he hath drelt him,faddled him and bridled him,' you fhall then take him foorth a hunting, and after you are come into the field, and that your horfe hath empti- ed himfelfe in fomereafonablefort(whichqueftionlefTc he will haue done by that time you can poillble finde a Hare,except your fport be extraordinarilie readie) you fhall the fir ft chafe the dogges break foorth,a little fauor your horfe,yet not fb much that you let the chace runne too farre before you,but keeping your horfe vponarea- fonable gentle galloppe; follow, it to the verie ending. Thisfirftchafewill(astheNorthernemanfaies ) racke your horfes winde,and Co prepare him to his labor(with which he hath had a little acquaintance a fortnight be- fore)chat if at firft he were not emptied enough, he will now emptie himfelfe thorowlie, and make himfelfe fit fsrthevtrermoityoucanputhimvnto, which done,all the day after you fhall hunt htm fbf:d!y,that is to fay,you fhall follow the hounds as clofe as either is fit for a good Huntf-rrJan, or the halfe fpeed of your horfe is able to beareyou^ nay if you put him to a three quarters fyzede C c is
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4-6 7 he third "Bookc^.
l£ fhall not be amifTc, but to put him to the vttermoft of
his fpeed,you (hall neuer do in the third fortnights trai- ning,except you put on a refolution neuer to haue your horfe good after; if this dayaffbord you fuehpaftime, and thechafes hold out fo long,& are fo manic that they haue put your horfe three or foure times into found fweatsallouerhisbodie; and that you fee the fweatc which rifes vnder the Bridle, and about the Saddle and girthes,to rife vpon a white foame,which is a great fign of ghitteandioulneffe, then vpon the finishing of your fport,which would be about threeof the clock atrhe la- teft,you fhall ride him home,, andthcre rubbe him, drie him,andcloath him vppe warme (as was before fhewed you.) Butifyourfport hauebeenefo fhcke,that the fol- lowing of the dogges hath not put your horfe inroanie great fweat at all, then towards the euening when it is almofitime togoehome,you fhal make fome horfeman with a Cat in a firing toleade a traine fent, vpon fiich ground as you knowyour horfe takes dclightin, forat leaft three or foure mile: then laying your dogges vpon it,fo!low the traine with a three quarters fpeedtilhtbe ended, which will heat your horfe thorowlie, and then , gentlic ride him horne,& vfe him as aforefaid: then two howres after, when you vnbridle him, giue him Gates and Hempfeed together,which mud be as a preparatiue to a flronger purgation : then giue him hayjand before you goe to bed a mafh\ The next morning the firft thing you doe, you fhall giue your horfe the fco wring of but- ler androfemarie:andafteryouhauechafedhim,fet him •vppe.andlechimifandanbowreortwo, then giue hira fome bread,and about one of the clock in the afternoon water him^ndg^iuehim fome more bread; thenlethim ftand
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^Ihe third IBoo^e. 4.7
ftand till your ordinarie howre, and then drefle him,
Water him, and giue him more Bread or Oates, andvfe him in all things as formerlie in his daies of reft. The next day following take him foorth on hunting
againej but in anie cafe hunt him nothing fo fore after the Dogges as you did the other day before, till it be af- ternoon, and then if you find in him good fpirit and life I would haue you to giue him a chafe or two after the Dogges foundlie ; and towards the euening to make him another trainefcnt,and to runne it fomewhat more throwlie then the former, that you may makehim fweat hartilic; then bringhim home, rubbe him, drefle him, driehim,and cloath himvp exceeding warme: then af- ter he hath ftood two or three howrcs vpon his bridle, you fhall giue him the fcowring of Sack and Sallet oyle, addingthereuntoa good quantitie ofSugar-candie, or that of Mufcadinc and Sallet oyle, putting like wife vnto it great ftore of Sugar-candie: but that of Sacke, Oyle, and Sugar-candie is much the better, elpeciallieifyour Horfe be fubieel: either to colde or pofe in the head. As foone as you haue giuen him this fcowring,you {hall tie him fo that he may lie downe, and fo let him reft till nine of the clocke at night, at which time you (hall giue him as much warme water as he will drinke, and a good quantiiieofbread and Oates, well fifted and mingled togethenthen making hisbeddefoft, let him reft for all that night. The next morning, as foone as you comevnto him, Notes from
you fhall flrftlookevpon his dung, whether hee haue Je!"ric* voided anie greafe or no, whether hee haue,or he haue U"g' not,it (hall be no great matter, for the force of th is laft fcowring will worke two, three, and fometimes foure C c 2 daies
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48 yhetbird'Bool^.
daies after : then whether his dung keepe theperfeclr
colour,l or no,or whether it looke more darke or black, or whether itlooke more redde and hie coloured. If ic looke of the right colour, (as is before Shewed) then it is afigneofhealth, ftrength and cieanneffe 5 ifdarkeand blacke, then it is a figne that there is molten greafe,and other ill humoursin his bodie which are not fcowred out, ifitlookemorercdde and hiecoloured, then it is a figne be is inwardly hot,and that bisblood is a Jitie dil- temperedjWhich moderate diet, and coole exereife will foone amendjif his dung be loofe and thinne,it is a figne of wcaknefle, if hard and in round pellets, then it is both a figne of hot bodie inwardly, and that he fccdes grofc- Ije: earing either too much hay, orelfefomepartofhis litter, which you may amend by increasing the allow- ance of his prouender.-but if it keep anindifferent mean, betwixt both the/e, being neither too hard nor too fofr, but asit were like the ordure ofa man, and that it fh'nke, and befoftrongthatyou fhall be enfor'd to burne per- fumes in yourftab!e,tbenis it fuch as it fhould be,and is a figne your horfe is clcane,ftrong,healthfu!J, &.' of good courage. Notcsfroa, After you haue noted the temper ofyotir horfes body siscatmg, [>y his dting,thenyou fhai looke into the maungcr what meat he hath left vneaten:& by the computation of thac which he hath left to eac,confider how much he hath ea- tcnjtben if you find he hath eaten nothing at all, or veric little, you fhail then vnderfland, that either the former dayes limiting hath diffolued much grofe matter in his bodie,vponwJiich the fco wring working fom what fore makes him a littleficke}and fo doth k rbearhis foodc^oe elf e your fqrmer dales lab.or was aim!c more violet then in
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— ■ ■■
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in difcretion it fhould haue been: but which foeuer it be
it matters not, for his ftomack will quickly come againc with moderatlabor.If you find he hath eaten all his pro- uender and left none in the manger,then you muilknow that otiernight you gaue him not fo much as you fhould hauedone, and therefore it (hall be good that the next night you double your proportions for it is a principal! rule you mull holde in this kinde of dieting to giue your Horfe euer more meat then he will eate, and not as traueilers and Poulterers doe, keepe your Horfe euer With an vnfatisfied ftomacke-'for by that meanes being euer kept fharpe like a hawke ( asif hee laboured for his beliie ) whenfoeuerhecomesto a good or full meaie3 he canot chufe but furfet.The keeping ofa hunting horfe is(and the keeping of other horfes fhould be) contraric; for you muft by little and litle giue them fo much,thatm the end they will eat no more, and then ifyou throw ne- uer fo much before them they will eat no more then fhal fuffice nature being to themfelues better phyfitions then amemancanbee : but ifyou once ftintthem, orkeepe them hungric a meale or two,then according to the old prouerb,be fure the third will make a glutton • where- fore hauing by little filled your horfes bellie before you feme him for all night,befure then to giue him fo much that vou may find fome vneatenin the morning. Nowlaftiie,ifyoudoefinda little in the maunger, fo
thatyoufeehehatbeatenagood proportion, thenyou "^sybeafTuredheisftrong and lijffie, and hath in him no touch of fickm fTe. After you haue taken thefe notes from his dung and meat,y ou fhall then caufe the groom todrefTchim, water him, and vfe him in all points as 10 his farmer dayes of reft, g'ning him bah good ftore |
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}o cIhethirdcBooke.
of meat,and chaunge of meat: that is, one while breads
and another while Oates, giuing him moft of that hee takes moft affe6tionvnto.The next day following this day of reft, you fhall take your horfe foorth on hunting againe, but not to the end you (hall put him to anie la- bour, but onelie to keepe him in breath, and to procure him aftomackc to his meate-, for all this day you {ball not by anie meanes galloppe him, exceptnow and then fine or fixe fcoreyardes °, but onelie trott him from hill to hill, that you may fceandheare the Hounds, but not follow the Hounds, and thus fpending the daytdleue- ning, bring your Horfe home without hauing any one haire wctte with fweat,obferuing all the day as you ride,. as oft as your Horfe doth dung , to turne about and Iookevponitjforthereisnoqueftion, but that day hee will voideverie much greafe and filthineffe ; when you come home let him beverie wellrtibd,dreft,and warrae eloathedvp ; and verie wellfedde that night both with Oates and Bread, As for his water, you {hall that day both water him in the morning asyou ride him into the field,and alfo water him in the cueningas you bring him from the field,and giue himnofcownngatall.Thenext dayafterthis, being a day of reft and fecding,you fhall vfeyottr horfe as in the dayes of reft before fpecified, whereyou are onelie appointed to feede hard, but to giue no fcowring. In the fame manner and with all the fame obferuations that you hauefpent thisweeke, you fhall alfo fpend the next weeke following, without any augmentation or alteration,and then be wel affured you fhall haue your horfe in as good winde, ftrength, and cleanneffe, as is either fitte or neceffaric for a hunting Horfe/p that afterwards obferuing moderately to hunt twice..-
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The third"Boo{e. 51
«■■ iii -
twice or thrice a week according to the ftrength & con-
ftitution oi his body:and euery night when as you come from any {orehunting,togiuehimhempfeed&: a mafh. You dial keep him all the yeer fit foryourpieafure, and without any danger either of windebteakingjburftmg, blindingjfoundring, orfuehlike infirmities, make him performeinlabourasmuch as is contained withinthe compaffeof hispower.onely thus much you muftknow by the way,that after once you haue brought your horfe to be cleane, which you fhill perceiue both by his long induring of labour without fweating,by theclearenefTe of his wmd3when he will runne three or foure mile,and fcarce blow at it,and alfo feeling his fianke to be thinne as containing nothing but a double skinne, and his ehapsfo cleane either from fat,glut or kernels, that you may hide both your fifts between them ; then you muft by no means giue him any fcowring after his riding ex- cept it be how and then vponfome fore daies hunting, either a little hempfeed, orelfeboxeleauesandBrim- ftone j or if he haue a little pofe in his head, then a little muftard feed in his prouenderj other fcowrings you fhall vfe none,vnlefle kbe when there is apparar ficknes. Alfo after you haue made your horfe cleane,you fhall by no means either through your negligence or for want ofriding,fufrerhimtogrowfouleagainc,forfoyoufhall be oft decciued and procure your felfe a double labour, and not haue one pennic coft faued. And thus much for your third fortnights dyet. |
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CHAP.iQ
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C c 4
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5z }ibe third T^oo^e.
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CHAP. io.
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Why hrfesjhotild haue their fwtts after the Dogs'3.
and of their cloathmg, THere be fbme horfemera which becaufe they haue
gotten particuler names; out of their ambitions, to keepe particular reputations, and to make men beleeue there is greater niyfteries in their doings, then indeed there is, will when they lliould giue their horfe aniethorow fweat,either ltealefrom companie or from the Hounds,& where no bodietnay behold them,break into a maine chafe and fo giue their horfe a fweat,or elle taking vnaecuftomed houres,giuetheirhorfe his fweats in oblcure places; from the ground of whicbcuftome it maybee that fome will dcmaimd why I doe not ob^ feme that rule,but prefcribe fweats to be giuen after the Dogs in anie publique affemblie : my anfwer is, that becaufe I am not a SchoHer to men, and fafhion but-on- iie to experience and reafonjtherefore I efchue al things wherein I can find no probabilitie as I can neither doc in this too curious priuateneffe j or in binding my felfe to anie one remote place. Now for giuingahorfe his fweat after the Dogges,
in that I find much ftrengch ofreafon;as firft befides the pleafureahoifenaturallie takes to follow hounds (of which I haue fomewhat fpoken before) the diucrfitie of grouds ouer which a horfe is copeld to run,as fomtimes 'oner plowd fields,fomtimcs ouer plaine paftures or me« dovyesjfoincdmes ouer lay-lands, orvpon beaten high s vyaycs,.
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The third <Bw%e. 1]
WayeSjfometimes amongft moale-hils, andfometimes
amongft broken fwarth's3 bringes vntohimatwofolde profite > one in his experience by making him cunning vpon euery kinde ofearth, the other by ftrengthning his vvindeand giuinghim new breath; with the alterations of the ground, euery Hori-man hauing this care as well for his owne f afegard as. his horfes, not to let him run fo violently vpon decpe and dangerous earthes, as vpon fmoochandplainegroundes5 anotherreafonis,a horfe that takes las fweates after the dogs,takes it not fuddain- Iy 5 or as a man would fay with one winde, buttempe- ratelyandatleaiure, the horfe iiardly at any time run- ning halfe a mile together without foine flop or ftay,for as the Hounds fall in their fent,fo the Horfe ftaies in his running, and recouering new breath , takes his fweate without any fence of paine, like amanthatwereplac'd in a hot- houfe,whereas if to his fweate fhould be ioyn'd painc and iaintnesshee wouldfoone take diflike of his la- bour, and not being a horfe of approued mettall, foone fall to tyring. The iaft reafon is, that gallopping and la- bouring amongft other horfes, is fiichanincourage- jnent and comfort^chiefly to a young horfe,that he doth as it were forget his paine, and by feeing the labour of his companions; out ofan ambition,incident to horfes, couets many times to doe more then any reafonable horf-man would hauc him; whereas when a man takes a contrary courfe, itcannotchufe but bring foorthcon- trary effecl:s,and fo fwarue both from Art and reafon. There is another error as groffe as the grofeft what-O^05*^
foeuer, which I hauefeene much vfed amongft our kee- pers of hunting horfes, and that is, as foone as they hauc saken their horfes into the ftable, then they haue imme- diately |
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54. ¥be third Toofy,
diately laid vpon them two or three cloathes, Tome of
canua{e}romcofwollenjandfomeoffacfce-cloath,with- out either confideration or reafon, almoil thinking that a Horfe cannot bee in good keeping, if hee be not as it werealmoftouer-burdncd with cloathes \ fame of the beft profeffors ofthis Art (in the worlds repute) not be- ing able to giue a found reafon why ahorfe iscloathed at all,much lefTe why they doe weare fo many cloathes, exceptit be this, that fucha/w^fuch zfUrrie,otfwch a Lome did fo doe,and therfore wee: Whichisno good reafon except Horfes were all of one temper j and in- deed the truth is, that if a Hunting horfe were of that a- bility,that he were able to indure without cloathing, it werenotamifletokeepehimasthinneasmaybee : but in afmuch as neithertheirbodyes,noriuch extreame la- bours can indurenakednes, I holdeit moitmeete,that they bee cloathed; yet.wouldl haucthem to weare no more then Efficient, nor as if they were olde,fickeor difeafedjto weare furrdcoates in harueft. Nowto knowe when your Horfe hath cloathes fuffi-
cient, or when hee is too light clad, you fhall keepe well this note and obferuation : When you firft take your horfe into the Stable, you fhall cloath him with a good (ingle cloath of ftrong Canuas, made long and of good compafle,fo that it may folde double about his hart,and come and tye before his brefthanfqmly : then you fhall marke how his haire lyes , efpecially vpon his necke, which atthattimeoftheyearemuftofBeceffitylyeplam and fmooth : then after more fharpe weather begins to comein,if then you perceiue his haire to begin to rife or ftare,thenyou may beaffured hcfeeles inward colde, and it is aecefTary that his cloathing bee increafed, Co that
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^he third 'Bool^e, 55
that then I would haue you lay on another cloath,which
it it be made of woollen it is fo much the better, and for any of our Englifh horfes I thinkc will be cloathing fuf- ficient; but if hee be a horfe of a more tender nature, as either Barbary,fcnet) or fuch like, and that bis haire not- vvithftandingftill ftares and (lands vp;you fhall then lay vpon him another cloath,makingthis your rule,that till h is haire lye fmoorh and Matt to his skinne, hee hath not cloathes enow, and when it doth lie flatt though it bee but with one cloath as (ingle as afheete, yet it iscloa- thingasmuch asheefhould weare. Thus if you doe but looke into the true nature anddifpofitionofyour Horfe, and obferue but the outwardCaraders which hee will fbew you, it is almoft impoflible you fhould erre in his keeping* And thus much forfweating and doathing,-. |
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Chap; ii.
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Of making a Uunting mat eh, the obfermtions, wd
tOMomtages. AFter you haue made your Horfe cleane wi-thins,
and brought him to purenefle of winde , great ftrength,and able performance, when you finde bee is able to indure out a daies Hunting foundly,andto take his heares andcoldesftoutty} without either faint- nes or fhrinking,which is the only teftimony and princi- pal! vertue in a Hunting horfe 5 and becaul'e I haue not hitherto fpoken particularly of them 9 I will tell you before
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5 6 The third *Bm\e.
before 1 proceed further what heates and coldes are.
Ofheatsand Toindureheates and coldes, is when a Horfe hath celds. runne out a maine chafe three or foure myles; fo that all hisbodyisallouerof anintirefweate : then the Dogs
being at default, or the trainebeingended, to haue your horfein thccolde frofty weather to ftand ftill till that fwcate be dryed vpon his backc, nay fometimes till it be euen frozen vpon bis backe5fo that the colde may pierce him as much inwardly, as before the heate did,and then tobreake foorth into another maine chafe, and doe as much or more then hee did before, his courage appea- ring to his Rider rather to increafe then decreafe. "ihat horfe which can doe thus the ofteft together,is the wor- thieft horfe,and the beftto be efteemed; for I haue feenc many goodly Horfes that for the firft chafe-, could bee helde w ithin no limits; but after the colde hath pierft to his heartjhis courage hath fo failed him,that the fecond chafe hath craued much compulfion,and in the third he -flatly tyred,which hath onely beene for want of exercife andhardning : Alfoifyou fee your horfe after his heate when he cooles to fhrinke his body in, and todrawhis fourclegges together, then be affured his courage failes him, and he will hardly indurc another chafeafter, alfo if in his cooling you fee his gyrths waxe flacker then they were at the firft5fo that you finde his body and belly fh.nnke and grow fienderer then theywere,it is the grea* teftfignethatmav bee of faintnes and tyring; if a ■horfe after he comes to be colde, holde his teeth faft together and will not open his mouth; andifhiseyes ftandfirme in his heade, and rooouc notfo quicke as their vfuall cu- flome, both thefe are great fignes of faintncile, fickneile and tyring. When
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The third'"Booh. 5 7
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When therefore ( as I faid before) you hatie brought
your Horfe to bee fo cleane, that he will both hunt, and. take his heates and coldes (Irongly, and then alio either outofhisfpeeds andfwiftrtes, or out of his truth and toughnes is of fufficien't power to commaund, or at leaft in an indifferent fort to accompany in a chafe the fwif- teftHoundcs, to which you mu'fthaue anefpeciallre- gard : For there is no readier a way in the world to cou- fen your hopes, then by trayning your Horfe after flow ^°ggeSj forouerthem he will hatvsluchaduamage and runnefoathisowneeafe, that you will imagine there is no labour too great for him ; whereas when hee comes to runne after fwift Dogges indeed, they will draw him vpp tofuch an extraordinary fwiftneffe,that not hailing beenc formerly put to the like toyle, the very inacquain- tance therewith will make him tyer euen in his beft ftrength, wherefore I would haueall Gentlemen that Would as well hatie good Horfes as good Houndes,euer to keepc two or three couple of Traine-fent dogges the ivviftell he can byany meancs attains vnto, and accor- ding as hee mides theifrength of his Horfe, fo to trayne him once or twice a VVeeke after them. Now if your Horfe, both inyourowneiudgement,
andin the opinion of other Horf- men , haue chofever. tries which are fittforabeiftofbe(tcflimacion : fothac-- eitheroutof your ownedifpofition becingdcfirous to gaine your Horfe a particular reputation 5 or out of icotne to indure the braues oforhcr chalcnges, you will necdes make a match or wager vpon his heade, though for mine owne part I would giue no Gentleman en- couragement thereunto, bscau/e I hauefecne in them 10 much breach of friendfhippes, fo manyiealoufies,- and.
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5 8 The th;rd'Boo{e.
and fo many deceits, infomuch that many times the bet-
ter Horfe coaies from the field the greater loofer j yet becaufe fuch errors haueno right tytle to the (port, but onelycomeinbycouetoufnesj andintrufion, and that many Gentlemen notwithstanding, will make matches j I will according to my flcnder skill and experience, fhewyoutheobferuations and aduantagesneceflaryin matching. Wherefore, whenfoeuer you make any match, you
muft vndoubtedly know the nature, quallity, and difpo- fition of the Horfe vpon which you prefume : that is, whether he bee of hott or colde temper of fpirit: whe- ther exceeding fwift and not fo tough , or exceeding tough, and not fo fpeedy : then whether hee delight to labour and toyle vpondeepegroundes, and toclimbe hilles,or to runne vpon skelpingearthes, high wayes,or fmooth paftures; then whether hee be nimble of foote, fo that he will runne amongft moale-hilles,do wne ftony c.raggs,dangerousruttes,and vneuen wayes;orelfe ha- uing formerly been beaten vpon his legges, cannot well indurc any but foft treading: then whether he be of pure and ftrong winde,fo that he will runne a long time with- out fobbing, orelfe thicke of fhortwinded, infomuch thatalbehe is exceeding tough, yet he muft haue many eafes in his running. According to thefe difpofitions, you muft fafhion
your match, and preferuing to your felfe your beftad- uaimwges, there will be greater hope of your winning: As thus,ifyour horfe bee of fiery and hot mettall, which fox the molt part are fpeedy and nimble horfes , louing hard andplaine earthes, and byreafon oftheirfuries fcl- dome able to runne any long time together without fome
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The thirdf<Booi<e. j9
Tome fobbe or breathing, then your beft aduantage is,if
your match be to hunt theHare firft.and rhe wildc goofe chafe after, as at three orfoureoftheclockeinthcafter noone,then to eafe your horfe as much as you can all the d.ay,andtoletyouraduerfaryleadeyoucontinual!y,and father to runne without your law then within it, fo you keepe your horfe from being whipt by the Tryers : then When you come ro ftart the wilde goofe chafe, to chufe the faireft earth that is within your eye, or the plained hie-wayyou can fooneffcrecouer, and fothruftingyour horfe into his full fpeede, trie to winne y our wager with one winde and good footmanfhip, but if that faile yon, then you muft take vp your Horfe, and let him gallop as fofdyasyoucan, yet by no meanesfufTeringyourad- Uerfary to take the leading from you,but whenfoeuer he ftriuesforit by giuing him flippes in winding andtur- uingjfeeke to ouer toile him,and make him glad to giue oucr (triuing to get the leading, which as fooneasyou perceiue he doth, and chat hee giues as much eafe to his horfe asy ou doc to yours j then you fhal as foone as you can driue to the next hie-way which leades horn:: ward t)wardes the ftable where youkeepe your horfe, and ; then laying your fpurres hard to his {ides;trie againe the fecond time to winne the wager in afoorth-rightchafe, bur. ifit faile againe, then the match is in fome danger and the truth and to'ighncsonely will be vidlor: If your wager bee to run Traine fents, (which is notfo good an • aduancaga for a horfe of this quality) your heft courfc then is, if you can pett the leading of che firfttrayne, co leadc it vporsfuch earth that if ic bee poffiole that there may be no deepe grounds or plowd h"eldes,withm three mylcof .the place where you end yourtraync, fo chat when
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6 o The third ^Booke.
when your aduerfary comes to make the fecondtrayne,
he (hall neither will nor.chufe, but make itvpon skelpc groundcs,becaufe thereis no deepe earth neare him,foi' by the order ofRiding,heeisbound to begin where you end :The flrft trayneyou fhallforbeare to ride withany fpeed,whichyou may doeatyourpleafurc,ifeitheryou will lay on flow dogSjOrimperfectdogges. The fecond traineyou muft be rul'd by your aduerfary ; but the third trainc which is your owneagaine, in it you may trie if you can winnethe wager, efpecially where .(peed is the onely thing you truft too by making thetraynefittfor your purpofe, and laying on Dogges the fwiftcftyou can procure. Now on the contrary part, ifyour horfe bee of cooJe
fpirit.reafonablefpeedjyetofaninfinittoughnesjfothat yoncan hardly either ouer labour him,or oucr fpur himj in this cafe you (hall by no meanes agree to hunt the Hare,but onely to follow Train-ientSjin which keeping your aduerfary continually to the height of hiifpeede, you fhal either goe home a conqueror,orelle be beacen at your owne weapon, the beft winds and the beft truth remaining onely victor: In this cafe you dull except a- gainftrunning in ahie-way aboue fo many yardes, as iometimes twenty, fomctimes forty, as you can agree: you (Trail alfo agree to giueaslittlelawasispoffible, as thus : That one horfe fhal I not runaefhort of the other (through the whole chafes) aboue his length, or if bee doe,thentobewhipt vpby the Tryerj you fhall alfb(ef^ pecially ifyour horfi be gelr,& your aduerfaries fton'd) bindchim from all reliefes and comforts,as.thus :That there (hall be no colde water caft either vpon the horles ft jaesjor into his mauth3 nowhat any trainc fhall be led through
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The third 'Boofy* 6i
through any water aboue fetlock deep,that no man fhall
caft ftraw, or {hall piffe vnder the hunting horfes beJlie, thereby to prouoke them to piffcalfojand fuch like helps which areonlic helps ofaduanrage; you fhall alio agree vpon your place of meeting, where the firfttraine fhall begin according tothe nature ofyour horfe, for if he be a horfe of great fpeed,andloucsfmooth earth, then you fhall haue your meeting amongft fome light fandie fi-lds.orneerfomedrieheathsorplaineSjifhebeahofre of flownes & roughnes,then in deep clay fields,amongft low grounds and rotten green fwarth; if itbe your hor- fes windeyon prefumevpon,agree to haue your traines the longer • if it be his fpeede let them be vpon the faire ground,but if it be his truth, then vpon the deepeft and fou I eft you can attaine too; a good winde would climbe manyhils, but a thicke winde would be kept vpon the leuelhobferue by nomcancs when you make a match to giueany oddes of waight,for at the latter end of the day, WDen horfes are weak,and but then comes to befelt3half a pound waightisan vnfpeakabie aduantage: as for ex- ample, let a man when he hath run till he is wearie, but then caft away his hat, & he fhall find himfelfe infinitely refrefhed *, but let him take vnto him more theu he had, butthewaightofaridingrodde, andhe fhall findhim- felfe double oppreffed:ro match a gelding againft a ftonc horfe}(cfpeciallieinthefpring) is a great difaduantage; *br the horfe is in his prime and the gelding in his wea- ning.Laftly obferue to haue your rider honeft,your trier tkilfull, and your felfe patient, and be allured the horfe will doe hrs vtmoft.And thus much for matching. |
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C0AP.IZ
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V4
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61 tI'bethirdcBook^»
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chap. 12.
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Tht dyetmg tfa huntwgherfefera match.
WHenyou. haue made your horfe cleanee-*
nough for ordinary hunting, and haue our efthe ftrong conceit of his goodnefTe made a match againft feme ether horfe, and haue referaed (as neceflarily youmuftdoe) fttleafta month to bringhiin to the beftperfection > you fiiall thenput him into the choiceft diet after this manner: firft you fhall looke well vpon your horfe, andeonfider in whatftateofbodyhe is,as whether he be ftrong of body, thatisfat, lufty,full ofcourage,and in the pride of Juft: Co that when you but lead him foorth,he willicape and gambell about youj or whetherhcbeindiningto weaknefle : that is Ieane of body, by vfe of much hunting, eoole in hisdiipofition and voidc of alacrity and cheer fulnes, Co that he had ra* therftandftill then either play or vfe other motion; in which ftate of body ifyou find him,.then the firft weeke you fhall doe nothing but feed him with Ordinary bread and oats, efpecialfie with bread j till you haue brought him to fpirit and cheerf ulneiTe,exercifing him fo mode- rately, that all be you haue him abroad euerie day, or eucrie other day at lead, yet it (ball bee but onelie to keepc him in windcand breath) which rauft carefullie bekeptfrom corruption ) and not either to make him fweat or once to feele the paine of labor, and in this fee- ding him you fhall take great p lines $ as being continu- allieeuerie hower giuing him fome thing, aseither fcrsad or wel|drycd Oates, and giuing it fo by little and little,
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The third cBoo{e. 6T,
lictle,t'hatyou may entice him to eatea great deale, and
euer when you depart from him, to leaue meatinhis manger,and when you come andfind any left,to fweepe it away and giue him frefh3till you haue brought him to heart,and made him wanton,which done, you (hall pro- ceeded diet him as (lull be prefendie declared. But if yourhorfebcoffufficienthart&ftrength in the begin- ning, then you fhall for the firftweeke hunt him three daieSjthar is euery other day reafonablie foundlie,in any wife obferuing both in his daies oftoile,and in his daies ofreft,al the orders which are prcfcribed in the flrft week of your thirdfortaights kecping,mentioned in the ninth Chapter; onelicbecaufeitis to beeinrended,thatyour horfe is in areafonablcgood eftate of bodie alrcadie,you fhall giue him no fco wring but box leaues &briinftone5 or elfe either Hempfeede or mu'ftard-feede.fThe fecond weckeyoufhallfeede him with the beft bread, which in thefeaucnth chapter is cald bread for a match,& though you ride him on hunting euerie other day, yet you fhall not gallop him much or make him fweate aboue twice that weeke,riding him more abroad to get him an appe- tite to his meat, then for the vfe ef anie labour; and this Weekcyoufhallgiuehimfeworno Oates, but moftof the beft bread, and for change of foode nowand then of the ordinarie breade : you fhall obferue this weeke to water him when you ride him abroad both athis go- ing foorth and at his comming home, and when heeis in theftable3to haue a paile of warer ftading by him co- tinuallie,that he may drinkc at his pleafure:you fhal this week abridgehim vcrie little of his hay,but let him haue a litle bottle at duetimes before him,yet more for fcow- ring his teeth then iatisfy in g hunger. The third weeke D d 2 yo«
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6$. The third ^Boo^e.
you (hall hunt him very f oundiy three daies,that is eucry
other dayjasthusiMundayjWednfday^ndfaturday.Now formunday, being the firft day of the third weeke, you (hall onlie hunt him to giue him a warmefweatandno more, which if hunting the Hare will not doe, then you fhall ridehimtwo traine fents at the leaft, and when you come home, keepe him warme, feed him hard wkh the beft bread,and giuehim no fcowring but box leaues and brimftone. All tuefday you (hall let him take his reft, and feed him wich the beft bread in fuch fort as is formerlie (hewed you for his dayes of reft, onelie 'you (hall not let him goefoorthfo much as to the water,, but water hisw in the haufe.Vpon tuefday at mghtyou (hall apply him with bread, giuing him a little and a little at onee, till itbetwdueoftheclockatnight} andifhegrowwearie of the beft bread, then for change syou (hall giue fome oftheordinarie bread, and if he grow weary otitalfo, then youfhal giuehim afew Oats. At twelueof the clock at night youihal take away his hay,& puttingfrefh meat in the manger, let him reft till the fpring of the da/.j Nowyoumuftobferue, that although I ioyne you
thus aliaioft to ceaflcs labour;yer my meaning is not that you fliould.be fo much with your horfc that you ihould giue him no time for reft or flccp(which is afecond food vntohisbodie)for that were abfurd, but to take fuch fitte &conuenien|times,when either your horfes reft is paft ortbatyouthinkehehith difgefted that which before you gaue him : and tothat end you muft haue fome prf- uate peeping hole where you may euer fee whether vour horfc be vpon hisfeetor laid do/ynjifhebelaiddownej you fhall not onlie your felfe refrain from comming vn- £0 him,but alfo fuwe care no noife ortmnult be nee. the |
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ThethirdlCBoo^e. 61
^able, and as foone as he rifes of his owneaccord, you
fhall then goetohim ,.and feede him as is beforepre-: fcribed. Vpon Wednefday in the morning, as foone asyou
come to him,you fhall giue him iome bread,and then let the Groome dreffe him,faddle him,and bridle himjthen When you are readie to go forth, you fhall take a pint of goodCVwSacke, being brued with three ounces of Su- gar candie, and giue it himtodrinkej and then take his backe,and that day ride all chafes,& at all horfes, trying the vttermoft both of his ftrength,winde and toughness which ifyou cannot fufHcientlie doe with ordinary hun- ting, then you fhall in the latter end of the day breake foorth into a maine chafe ouerthwart the fields,and ma- king your friends to ride at you with frefhhorfes; that day trie the vttermoft of his power, both in fpeedeand other wife,and make fine that you fpur him foundly,thac you may know how truly he wil ftick to the fpurs,if need bciyet by the way vnderftand me not thus liberally, that I meane I would haue you to ride your Horfe,tilleither you tire him, or make him forfakehis galloppc, but onelic till you bring him to the height of his windeand ftrength j that then you may know-thus much he will do Without the violence of anie extreame eompulfionj and that when you fpurre him, you feele him increafeand not diminish in his labour .-when you haue thus done,& feele that ifyou iliould put him to more,thcn Weakneflc would follow : you fhall take himvp, and throwing a cloach or two oner him, you fhall gentlie ride him vp &: downe the field tillhe be coole,and fo ride him home to thcftable, where cloathing and flopping him clofcand warme, you (hall feed him with thebeft bread, and vfe Ddj . him
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66 The third <Boo{e.
him in all things as you did in other former dayes after
/ore hunting,onely no fcowring but box and brimftone. All thurfday and friday,you fhall let Kim reft and tumble himfelfeintheftable; onelie dreffing him twice eucrie day athisvfuallhoures, and feeding him with the beft bread as thorowlie as you can poffible : then on Sa- turday you fhall ride him foorth again,but you fhall not by any meanes galloppe him,but onelie ride him gently from hill to hill,that he may ftretch foorth bis legs, take the benefite of the frefh ayre,and recouer his ftomacke, which continuallie feeding and lying in the houfe,will foonedepriuehim off, you fhall not this third day let him abide fo long in the field as you were formerly ac- cuftomedjbut about two a clock at the furtheft you fhal bringhimhome, that hee may bee dreft, watered, andfeddeinductime i all Sunday is a dayofreft, and there is nothingto be done, but to feedc him onelie^ vponmunday in the morning, asfooneas youhauefed him with bread, you fhall then ride him foorth on hun- iing againe,but yet very flight.lie,that is,you fhall gallop him verie fiJdom,& but a littlc-while together,on!y feecp- hiixi abroad to get windeand a good ftomacke. Tuefday you fhall reft as before : and on Wednefday, you fhall hunt him as fore as you did the Wednefday before; or if his itregth wil abide it a little more^doing in euery thing as well in the fieldasintheftable, as you did the other Wedncfdaie before,only this Wednefdaie, if you finde yourhorfetobeof lullie and ftrong bodie, you fhall after you come home, and haue cloatbed yourhorfe warme, giue him -the fcowring of Sacke, Sallctoyle and Sugar- candie,and vfebim as before hath beetle pre- feribed in the ninth chapter,wjiere this fcowring is to be giuen.
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The third 2>oo%. £ 7
giuen. After this daicsforehiinting, andthegiuingof
this fcowring,you fhal hilt or ftrain your horfe no more by aniemeanestill the match day, but onelie ride him- gentlie abroad after the Hounds, euerie day or euerie other day to keepe him in breath, and get himafto- macke^neuer offering to gallop him : but when you 6nd him Co wantonly di[pofed,thateuen of himfelf he deiires to (cope and playlet then you (hall f©rbeare,and gallop him either not at all,orfo little as is poffible,your whole labor being imployed by feeding tokeep him inftrength of bodie,and cleanneffe of winde. Now when you come within three dayesofthe match
day,then both the groomes and the Ryder, muft bee ve- rie watchfiill & obieruant to attend the horfe both night and day, for then you (hall differ him to eate as little hay as is po(fible,and indeed no more then (hall feme to fcowre his teeth, or to prepare his ftomack the better by* the change of foode : and what meat fbeuerhec cateth^ I would haue him either eat it out of your hand,or els to ftand by and fee him eate it, beingeuer readie whenfoe- uer he rifes from his reft to prefent him frefh meate,ob- feruing when he refufes to eat the beftbread,to giue him fbmc of the ordinary bread,and when he wil neither eac ofthebeft,norofthc ordinary, then to giue him fome oats,which oats I would haue to be wel kiln dried,then put into a fack and beaten as you beat wheat for the pot, then winnowed againe,and well funnd, if he wil eat any meat at all he will eat ©ne of thefe three ; youfhallalfo let him drinke veaic oft, that he may thereby drinke but a little at once:for to drink much is not good,& to drink nothing at all is the worft that may be:if he be a horfe of vene groffe §<: foulc feeding,fo that he will eat his litter, D d 4 and
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6$ V he third'Boo{e.
andfuchthingsasareabouchirn •, then asfooncasv-ou
hauehlld his bellie with good meat, yon fhallputvpon his head a muzzle, either made of canuafe or of leather which being like a bag with rwoholes againft his noftrij} fo that he may take his "breath (which couerino all his mouth jChali keep him that he cannot eat) but when you would haue him:yet this muzle I wold not haue you vfe afeoue a night or two before your match day;and if your bode be of tender and daintre-ftomacfcc, then I would neither haue you vfe k at all, nor at all to rake his hay from him. The day before his match, I would haue you to fpend in trimming your Horfc,as colling of his maine,earcs5chaps,no;[trils,&: fetlocks,and vpper partes'
of all his foure legs,, in feeing that-his fhooes bee good ftrong,liglu, eafilie andfaft fet on,alfo in armojntmg all his foure legges, and chafing them with foucraiene- oinrmentandother medicines :-allwhichbecaufechey- moil properly belong to the officeof the Groome'or keeper, you (hall finde them in the fife books largely de- clared, where I only write of that office. Nowwhenthe night before the match day is eorac, you fballlodge your fdfe in the liable elofe by the: horfe ;• and hailing- candle-light burning, whereyour felfmay haue vfe of it (but your horfe not fee it) you muft be exceeding-wacch- full;,and as before lfaidj feede your horfe wirriwhatfo- euer nee will bellcare,as Bread of any good .kinde,Oates. Oate- meale, or Wheat-earcs, and no« and then giuing himout of your hand a lockc or two. of facets Hay to fcoyvre his teeth. To euerie-handfuH ofmeate he-caces youfhall giue him adim-fnll of water 5 and thus yoiv iHail appliC. feeding of him till within two houres or- ihrccft thejMoft before the houreix) which you are to gtf forth
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"The third "£oo{e. 69
forth into the field,& then you (hall bridle him vp,caufe
your groome to drefTe him, &c in euerie point make him fit for his leading forth. And when you are at the pinch to goe forth,y oafhall haue ready a pinte of good Sacke, Well brued with Sugar-candie, and inftantly giue it him with a home j then throwing the cloathes ouer his fad- dle,and making them fafthanfomly about him>you fhal make the groome lead him gently in his hand to the ap- pointed place of meeting, where whenyouraduerfarie hatlvmetyou, and that theTryers are readie, the traine led foorth,or if you hunt the Hare,the Houndes vncou* pled,you fhail then after you haue drawn vp your girths faft and firme (for as touching your bridle,, ftirroplca'- thers,and other implements about your horfe,you muft looke to their fltneffe before you come foorth of the fta- ble) you fhall then motintvponyour Horfe, audio fall to yourbuftnes. *' '
Chap. 13.
oftherldi}?gofAMatchya^&eftheadmuniiiges
in Riding* FOr afmueh as the well dyeting and cleane keeping
of a horfe, is not the only meanes either of winning orloofwgofamatch, but that there tnuft alfobec ioyned thereunto an especial! Art and dexteritie in Ri- ding, whereby through the government of thehand,the conftant carriage of the mans body, and the temperate difpoficionoftheminde, neither fuddainly temptedt& iurie,nortoo(lowe in reuiuingahorfeituhetimeofne- cemty^lt.0m^e jt not amifTe in this chapter to fpeake iomething touchingriding,and the aduamages therein. And becaufe tha hunting of Train-fcnts is oiielie pro- per to matciies andno other exercifcj and whofoeueris abls
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7 o 7 he third "Boot^j.
able to ride a traynefcntwcll,and like a Horf man, can-
not but ride any chafe elfe very fnfficiently, I will there- fore in this place fuppofe the match which is to be rid- den to bee onely, with trainc fents, and awilde-goofe chafe : Wherefore firft for the riding of atrainefent, yourbeftaduantageisthegoodncs of yourfcate by fit- ting firme and ftrongly in your faddle, without either jnoouing, or jogging too and fro therein, but as ifyou were made of one peece with the horfe tobeareyour felfe entirely with him in all his motions, and rather with the forwardneffe of your body tohclpe him, then with any backward or contrary gefture to appeare to be borne againft your will by your horfes fury j for both loofe motions, and contrary motions are troublefbrne toahorfe: whence it comes, that for mine owne parti diflike much the cuftome of many of our Northerne ry- dcrs, who (ifyou note ihem in matches) will as they ride fiandvpftraight vpon their ftirrop-leathers, (o that if you come behinde them,you may fee day between their legs i being ftrongly conceited, that fuch railing vp of themfelucs, doth eafe the horfe and makes him the leffe fcele their burthen j bur they areinflnitely decciued, for fiich railing vp oftherofelues,dooih both trouble and a- niaze the horfe, becaufc a man cannot ftandvpftifly on his ftirrops, but his leggs perforce muft touch 8c clcaue to the Horfes fides ( as for the moftpart our match-hun- ters are) his fpurs alfo muft needes fridge vpon his fides, which doth not onely troubIe5but mooue affright in the horfe; and in true rule a Horf-manfhould neither let his fpurrcnoriegtouch his horfe 5 but when he will either correct or helpe his horfe. Befides,the danger in fuch fortofryding is worfe tfien all the reft, for when a man ftandcs
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1 he third cBoo{et 71
ftandesvpon his ftirrop leathers, and forfakes the holds
of his* knees, if the horfe fhall but chance either Co tum- ble, trippe,or ftart in his running, thcRyder hauing forfakcn the ftrength of his feate, mnil of neceffity fall o- ucr his horfcs earcs, and fb either indanger his neckc, or the horfes running ouer him. Next to the conftant carriage of your body,you rauil
be fure to carry your armes (chiefly from the clboeto the fhouldcr)clofe to your body,and not(as I haue feene many of our match-hunters doe) let them flie loofely vp and downe as if you had no commaundment of them,or when you are either caft behinde in a Race,or when your horfes (loath craues the vfe of your rod not to fetch your hand as hie as your head, to giue your blow , and fo ride lafhing and lafhing, as if at euery ftroake you would caft your arme fromyour fhoulder,but onely by making vfe of that part of your arme from your elboe to your wrift, fetch your blow ftifly and fharply, andbythatmeanes one blow fhall doe more good then twenty, for it is not the farre fetching of the blow , butthequickedeliuerie that breedsthepaine of correction j neither the number of the ftrokcsjbut the time and manner of ftriking: for to lie beating a horfe continually(as I haue fcenefome doe a whole fent thorow) doth euen dull and make the horfe careleile of the rod, when as vfing it feldome and fharp- ly.it will make him fpring and ftraine whileft there is life in his body. And as you thus temper your hand for your rod, fo you muftalfogouerneyour leg and fpurre, and not for euery fleight fault or (loath ftrike him with- your fpurrcs, but firft helpe him with the calucs of your legs, and when toyle. and wearines makes him careleffc of them5thcn you fhall adde the fkoake ofy our fpurrcs, |
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71 cl~he third ^Boo^e,
and when ycuftrike doe it foundly, that you niayeuerie
time make the bloud follow, and in any cafe neuerfpurr oft together in one place, forfeare of makinghim dull vpotuhcfpurres, nor by any meanesturneyour heeles inward before the formoft girth,to gripe him with your ipurs of each fide of the hatt,which is the tendered of all placeSjtill it be at the very pinch of a wager.,and that th e gaining or loofing of one yard of ground is the winning orloofingof the match, and then youfhalidoeitmoli ftrongIy,& with all thai fl your body forward with good violence. Next thcfe,youfhaI obferue to carry your bri- dle hand clofe,hard and firme,fo that by no meanes your horfe may hauc liberty to runnc at bis vtmoft fpeed,nor yet to holde it fo exceeding hard, that either you make your horfe with pinching writhe his head, oVgiuefignes oftormentjOrfor want of conuenienrlibertie, to make him in his gallop to ouer-rcach and ftrike one-foot vpon another, the meane temper therefore is to be obferued, yetforafmuchas thefpeed orfiacknesofyouradtierfa- ries riding, is an efpeciall rule that you muft folio w (for if he run away faft,you muft not ride foftly)in's neceffary that your own difcretion be your beft guide in this mat- ter ■> only this take for a generall rule in your riding, that by any meanes when you runnc or gallop, you oft draw your hands vp & doWne both earing and (training your bridle,to bring fweetnes to your horfes mouths & if you finde your horfe prefTes his head much vpon your hand, and will not open his chaps,which is a great figne either of flopping of winde,or weaiines,then you ftiallnot on- ly draw vp your bridle hand, butlaying your other hand alio to the bridle reines,draw the fnaffle to and fro in the fcorfes mouth, whichwil both make him open his mouth |
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The third T>oof(e. J3,
and giuc him muchcomfort.Alfo you fhal obferuc,tha^
When you ride your horfe at the height of his fpeede, if then when you fpur hirn,you fee him clap'his cares clofc to his neck,& whisk with his taile,you may then beafm- red chat he is at the vttermoft he is able to do, and if you conrmue further to torment him, you will cither make him grow reftife or elfe tyer uiddainlyj wherefore in any cafe w'-.e you perceiuethefefigneSjforbearcto torment nirh and ^iuiashlm all the eafe that is pofftble let the for- ward motions oryourownebady,and yourcnererulnes vp ) a hi. b jck,<erue in ftead of a paire of fpurs to quicken and reywe htm. After thefe .obferuarions ofyour bodie, leg'~,Si hands,you fhall then nose the ground vp5 which you doe iun,obleruing to reftraineyojur horfe the more Vpofaireearth,becaufcoutofhisownnaturehe is more willing to runncfaft thereupon, and to giuehira a little morelibcrtle vpoii dccpceardv3 as .wellbecaufe hce may make his choice how (o handle hjfXcste thereupon fox his befteafe,asa]fobecaufeii being more full of labor,* horfe is inclined the more ro fanour himfelfc therupon, alfo you fhal vp the hill hoidyour horfe (bra what ftcaite for feareof rmiiHg him-ourof winded alfo doe the like down the hill, left too much haft fh.ould.rn ike him (tum- ble &.fall ouer. Next this yoifhal onieruethe mancr. of thehcrrfesruaingwhichru'isa^uiftyoti^idif.you per- ceiu* he be a horfe of a fiery na« ire^tis y ow beft-aduan- tageto ride directly behinde him, that making anoifc, a"d as h were euen treading ypon his hccles, von may _Puthim.into fuch an alright and m vines, that \ o may make him oncUertmnefaftet then his ilider would hauc mm; but alfo with fretting and ch afing mike'him Ivuc lumfelfe as much as if hee ranne at his vttermoft po ,/v.erj |
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74- yhe tbird'Boo^e.
but if your aduerfary refufc and will not let you ride iuft
behinde him,you fliall then (efpecially ia the ftrft: traine when hee is moft lufty) kccpe him to fuch allow gallop, that with his owne madnes firming co goe fatter, you may make him ouer-reach, or hew onefoote ouer ano- ther, which is an ordinary accident in matches , and at the latter end of the day, is felt to bee both painfull and hurtfulhyou (hall alfo obferue your aduerfary well as he rides -by you., and note when andhowoftheefpurres, which although he thinke to doclofely&couertly that you {ball not fee it, as by fpurring ypon that fide which is from you; yet if you marke the Horfe,hee will tell you truely, as either by wisking his taile about, coutching downe both his eares,or holding down one of his cares, and pricking forward the other, or by writhing his bo- dy,or kicking his head vpfuddainly (all which are fignes of fpurring) and when you doe perceiue them, aad fcele that your owne horfe runnes freely without defire of fpurre, you fhall then holde your fpeede, and not eafe it by any meanes,that thereby keeping your aduerfane vp- onthefpurres, you may the fooner make him wearicj you fhall alfo note well the carriage of your aduerfaries bridlehand, and if you fee him ride with a loofe raine, and his horfes nofe carrying ftraight f©orth, then 'tis moft certaine nee is at his beft fpecd; but if you perceiue him ride with a loofe reyne , onely now and then he chockes him in the mouth with his bridle, then'tis a flatt iigne hee growes faint, and will prefentlie tyer, ifyou keepe on your fpeede ftill, and giue him no eafc of brea- thing : You fhall alfo ©bferuevpon what eartheshee rides moft vnnimblie, and vpon that earth when you run,you fhall ridct^efajteft/tbat your aducrfarie being compcld
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Tke third TZoeke* 75
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^ompeid to followyou-may with ftumbling and reeling
either ouer-reach or hurt himfelfe. Now when you haue ridden all your Traine-fents ac-
cording vnto your match s and that you are come t» runne the Wilde-goofechafe,you fhall vnderftand that in riding of it, there are diners-obferuations vericne- ceiTarie,which cannot be vfed in any of the former feats, asnamely when you firft ftart the Wilde goofe chafe, and haue gotten the leading, if then as you are running vnto fuch groundes as fhall be moft for your aduantagc, as vnto deepc and foule earthes, if your horfe be ftrong and rough,or vnto faire skelpe groundes, if your horfc bee fwift and of fierce mettall, that then if your aduerfa- riehauethe better winde, and vpon fpeed come and of- fercotake the leading from you , you fhall then fuffer him to bring his horfe head within your horfesflanke, and then looke on which hand he commeth, as ifhee come vpon your righthand,youlhali then clappe your rightleggclafetoyourhorfesfide, and drawing your bridle hand in a little nYraighter,hurleyour horfe round- ly about vpon your left hand f this is cald aflippc, and with this fiippe yo-u fhall makeyour aduerfaries horfc o» uer-fliooteyouatleaftthreeor foure-fcoreyardes, and as oft as he ftriues thus,to take the leading from you ■■> ib oft giuebimthcfeflippesjtill either you come into (uch ground as is fit for your purpofc, or elfe your aduerfarie leaueftriuing agabftyou : it is exceeding good alfo in *b>scaie, when your aduerfarie ftriues to take the lea- ding from you 5 if then (hauing ground fit for your pur- P°iesaseii:her ditch,hcdgc,or iuch hkt)you runnc■■your horie a? tfeou^h you would leape ouct the hedge or ouch, ancj oaferuc that your aduerfarie runnetciy fai&»- and
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and very neare you : then when you come euen to the
brim of the ditch, you Tn all hurle your horfe fiiddainly vpon that fide which is from your aducrfary , and {o rrmfi§ away, and neither leape the hedge nor ditch 5 by meanes whereof it isgreatoddes, but your aduerfaric * comming faft after you, and beting vnprepared,can nei-
ther will nor chufe but cither leape the ditch, or runne into the ditch, then if hee doe leape it he muft alio lcape itbacke againe 5 which doabie toile and double ground running,will foonc bring a horfe to falntrres. Now if your Horfes are of fuch equal! fpeedes,
ftrengths,and tcnighncs, that hauingrunne and gillop'd Vvhileft they are ab!e,yetthcir goodivcscannot be-try'd, fo that they are faine to trott, ruy if they come to fuch Weaken efie that they are not able to trott, nay (cardie to vvalkefootepace, as Ihaueknownediuers, and ridden fome of thofe matches, then you fhall be very caretull and it- will aske you great toile and much Art to bring your horfe to new ftrength, for firft if you let him ftand, then'tis certaine he will fall downc : If youfpurrchim, you take away the remnant of the fmall courage is left him, and make him yeeld Co much fooner then he would doe, if you thruft him forward with your bodie, Ms bo- die wanting ftrength to anfwer yours, will not bee mo- iled with the motion ; and if youftrike him with your rod, you doebutmakehis difpairethe greater: Where- fore in this cafe you haue no courfc but mis ; firft you muft fit faft, andasecueninyourfeateasispofIible(for the leaft fwaruing now is the lofFe of the match) and fojiclic carrying your toes finely inward, you fhall gent-
lie with the calues of your legges applie him vpon the Hdes with reafonable faft motions j which carrying in , them |
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%Ibe third *Book$. 77
them neither torment nor troublc,wiUbut onelie keep
him moouing,thatmoouing willkcepe him warme,and that warmth will in the end reuert backc tohishcart, and bring him new ftrength. For the reafon ofahorfes tyting is nothing but this : when the inward heat is by the violence of extreame labour driuen into theout- Vvard parts, and there is nothing but coldnefle left to accompaniethe heart, then of necemtie muft follow faintnefle.thenwcarinefle, and laftlie flat tyring. There be diuers horfemen (of this manner of riding in this land) who haue better names and reputations for skill then euer I ("hall defcrue, or am ambitious to defire, wh«m 1 my felfc haue noted in the depth of thefc extre- mities wilfully to loofe their wagcrs,onlie for the wat of thctruevleofthehand&legjfpurringthcir horfes whs they ought but to helpc tkem with the calnes of their legs: & but touchingthem with the calues ofthetr legs, when they fhould naoft fureft haue fpurrd them: & I re- member once Ifaw a match ridden by twoofthebeftre* puted horfcmen of this nation, & the one of them in my confeience hath no equally whohauing ridden till they came to the walking,the hindermoft beaft neither to my %bt nor any riders by, had any ftroake ©ffpurtofeepcr- cciaed,yet before they had ended walking, & during the time of walking in ftead of helping his beaft with the calues ofhisleggs he fpurrcd fo vnreafcmably, that one might haue waftied their hads vponthe fides of the beaft, fo that when the leader bega to get ftrength,& to be able tegallop>tkc ot^cr felidownetothe earth, wherehad thchorfemcnbeenofequallcunningjthchindmofthad made a very iadeoftheformoft. This digreifion I onlie make but for your better vnderftanding, that you may E e know,
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78 I'be third TZooke.
know,thatitisnotfufHdenttoknowhowtorub-&drenfe>
a horfe, how to diet and make him cleane,howtomake your matchjfit in your faddlc,and fpur himjbut you muft alfoknowhowto fpurre,whentofpurre, howtohelpe, when to helpe,and all the other rules of a good horfman^ or elsiny our wagers to haue great difaduantage. Asfooneasyourmjuch is ridden and tryedout, if
youflndtherebeeftrengthinyourhorfe, you may light from his backe,& throwing his cloathes ouer the faddle, ride him gentlie home, but if he be fo weake runne that you feele himfaint,.you fhall light from his backe,and if you can get as I would not haue a Horfeman without it,: three orfoiirefpoonfulls of Do&or Steucns water, and poure it into him,, then rubbing him, and chafing him a little,caft his cloathes ouer him, and fo ride him foftlie home. Afterhee is comeinto the Stable,where he mufthaus-
litter vp to the belly, you fhall firflmaketheGroomcs. rubbe him as drie as may be, then with a little Saeke hea- ted hot in a porringer, you fhall bathe his backe where the Saddle ftood, which will keepe him from warbles; then you fhall bathe his fides where hce hath been fpur- red with pi/Tc and fait, then annoynt the for-places with Turpentine and powder of Ieat mingled.together, then, cloath him vp as war me as may bee, and after hce hath ftood an houre or more, the firftmeateyougiuehim would bee two or thee handfuls of Wheat-eares corne- and all,then giue him a warmc mafh,and a bottle of hay,, then annoynt all his foure legs with Train-oyle warm'd,. and fo let him ftand till night, and then fcedehimwell- with Bread and fo reft till the next morning. |
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<QfUPt24«j.
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mm *
*rhetbird<Booke. yp
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C HAP. I4»
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The Trjers office', andthe aduAuntagestheymaji
ob/eruc. THefe Trjers are certaine indifferent Gentlemen,
chofenby both the parties that make the match, who are to fee that there be faire play,and that the "Articles be folly performed on both parties, each doing thebefthcecanfortheaduauntageoftheHorfe for the which he is chofen. And thefc Tryets fbould be Gen- tlemen that are well experienced in Hunting matehes, and are both good Horfmen, good Huntl-men, and light burthens, for they ought to ride by the match- horfes all the day long, to direft andcontroletheRy- ders, if at any time they ride contrary to the Articlesjto which end they are to haue diuersfreibHorfcsprotii- ded them,that when onefailes they may take another. The firft thing the Tryers .(hall doe when they come
into the field, (ball bee to haue the Articles read afmuch as concernes the Ryding of the match onely , and to conceiue them fo well in their mindes, that when they fee any thing done to the contrary, they may controle °tel(e ftay the Horfes from ryding, till the errour bee either amended,or elfefatisficd : then after lottes haue beenecaft which fide (ball haue the leading ofthefirft Traine,that Tryer to whofe lot it falles,after hehath con- ferred with theRydcr, andknowes the nature and difpo- lition of his horfe,hee (ball appoint fomc difcrete Horf- man,that is able to follow his directions to lcade out Ee z the
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80 <! he tkird<Booke.
the trainc: he (bail tell him vpon what earth he fhal leade
it, and how long, or how (hort hee (hall makeitf accor- ding to the Articles. Then after thematch-Horfesarc fhrted,the Tryers (hall rydc by thcm,or bch indc them,fo itbeenot within ahorles length, for feate of treading vpon their heelcs (which were anin-cxcufableerrour inzTryer) and if cither of the match-horfes fhalllatch or loy ter behinde, and not ride fo neare as hee ought by the Articles, The Tryer of the contrarie part (halU'm. commaund him to ride nearer, which if immediately he doe not, then the Tryer (hall ride to him, and giue the niatch-horfe aiertwithhisrodde : if that preuaile not, he (hall not leaue icjting.the Horfe till he hauc brought him within the corapafle of his lawe, and then hee may beatehiranomore* If it happen that the match horfe which leades the way-, vpon the occafion of any turne which the traine hath made.r.doe turne vpon cither hand, and then theH orfe, which folio wcs,being a good diftance behinde, doe for his aduauntagc feefce to crofle and thwart oucr to the formoft horfe (which is moft foulc riding) and fo to gaine ground : The Tryer of the contrary part (hall ride vp to him, and both commaund himtoridefaire, and with his Horfe fhouldcr him vp whether he will or no, till hee come to the place where thefirft Horfe turned,againft which if the Rider ftriue.ic. is lawfull for the Tryer to take bis Horfe by the head, and make him ridehis true ground,for many of thofe aduan- cages in adayes Hunting will amount to more ground^.... then willfuffice for the tryall of the match. As foonc as the traine is endcd,then rheRiders arcto
light from the matclvhorfes 5 for there is commonly allowed them bet weenecuery traine, halfc.au houre to sub .
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Thethird'Booke:. Si
J"ub and trim their Horfes, and to dric away the fweate.
During which time,the fccond traineis in making now it is the Trjersoffice wbiift the hories are in rubbmg,thaj: each of them iooke not to the Horfe of whole fide heeiis chofen,but to the Horfe againft whom he is chofen.and to looke that the groom which rubs hira vfeno deceit in rubbing, as to haue his hands annoinred w'uh any com- fortable oyles or conf e&ions; and then taking occafion to pull out his horfes tongue to ftroke or wipe it, which is very foule play,& therfore held vnlawful for any man, groome,or other, to put his hand in his horfes mouth, but onely to rub him with woollen and linnen cloathes tillhebedrie. TheTryersihal notTufferthe match hor- fes to be rubbedlonger then their due time 5 but affoone as the houre is come,to command the Riders to mourn, which if eitherofthem refufe, it alawfullfor the other which is ready, to ride a vvayaadleaue him: andbeeing gone from hirathe diftancc which commonly is twelue fcorc,ortwenty fcorc,the match is wonne and loft. [fin the traines there be any isapes, the fryers iha-li fee that if one horfe follow another, that then the hindmoft horis leape in the fame place where theformoft did leape3Oi" elfe it is'Iawfuil to bring him backeagaine ; if they ride cheek by cheeke,then they (liallleape one within aha rfe length of another, The Tryers ftuSl precilely note the maner of that horfesriding againft whom he is chofeiT, and according to the aduantages, which hce percciues, fofliallheeinftrud the Rider for whofe fide: he ischo. fen, as when toiidefofily, when faft, when to leadc, and When to follow. ;Hse fhall alfo as he ridesmarka ^"ich groundes are beft for the Horfe, w-hofepart hee s-akes^and which are the worft for the Horfe which he i s Ee 3 , againfV'
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8 l The third 'Boo ke.
againft,and accordingHe,fo he (hail appoint .the making
of thetraines. If anie traine fhall be made longer then the agreement of the Articles, either of the Trywfia.* ding of the fault, andbecing fureitisa fault, it is law- full for him to ftay the horfcof whofe fide he is, and not to fuffer him to ridefurther in that traine •,& if the other HorfcWill ride forward ftill, hee may doe itypon his ownehaTard. When all the traines are ended, and that the Wild-goofe chafe is begun, the 7>)w.f thenfhal with all faithfulneffe and carekeepe the horfes as neer as they can together, and if either of them fhall fall {hort one of the other, hyno-meanes to fpare whipping of the hind- mo ft till cither they bring him vp to the formoft, or elfc that the formoft getting his law ofthehindmoft, do win the wager; and when the Tr)w (hall behold the match brought to this exigent, then he which is chofen for the formoft horfe, (hall if need require, ride to the formoft horfc,and help his rider to whip him on till the wager be wonne. The Trjwfhallalfo during the wilde goofe chafe,
take great care that no by ftander(as it is a common cuft- ome)gallop hishorfe before the match horfes, feeming as though either he rid vpo other bufines,or clfc that his Hotfe runnes away with him,v\ hen as in truth he doth it to lead or direft one of the match horfes, which haning ftrengtb enough'to runne,yet will refufe to runne except he fee fome other horfe lead him the waie.Thcrr/^i- fhal alfoatthelatterendoftheday, when horfes arc almoft fpent, take care that the throng of fuch as ride by ,do not preffeinvpon the horfes, buc that they may haucboth libcrtieofway and aire enough : for the breath ofother horfes is verie noifome to a horfe,whcn he grows weary. The
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The third ^po^e. 8 j
Thelaft and principall note of all other which the
Tryersfhalltake, is, whetrhe comes firft'into thefield,to markehow the horfc is girt, which is of theconttrarie part,and by fome fpeciall matkes or obferuations about the tabs to know hew his garths do hold of one ftraight- nes,or how they alter^for if you find after a traine or two that they growe flacker and are anie thing at all more drawnevp,itisaneuillfigne,but if after a traine or two rnore,they flacke agaiue the fecond time,ot whenfocucr they flick the fecond time5be moft certainlie afEured that the horfe is fainc,neither is he able toindure much riding after. This ruleofallotherismoftcertaine) and doth with-
out deceitdeclarcahorks inward inchnation^where on the contrariepart,aslongas a horfe kecpes hisb3dy,and holds his garthes fail and ilraight, To long heiscuerin good ftrengthjluftand courage. Manic other obferuati' ons there be,which for as much as they are for the moft part gouerned by the Articles and agreements of the parties which are the match makers,Ithinke it not fit to trouble you with them at this time,hoping that theleal- readie dec!ared,willbe fufficient toprepaie you for anie match whatfoeuejv |
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CHAP. 15.
IhtOjficetftkeGrcome^nh hetyswrnb'nng.of ^
hunting herjts. ■ '■ Doe nothereintend to fpeaks generalise ^>f the of-
fice of the Groom of the Stable.; becaufe the fift book hath it at large defcribed, but onelie of that little E-e 4 pare
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84- ¥ he third Booty.
part of his-office, which he is to exercfic in die field
when a horfe doth hunt any match for a wager, and that is,whereas at theendoteuerictrainefent, therideristo light from his horfe, and the Groome is to rub him and drie the fweat from his bodie, I would haue euerie groome know that he rnuft prouide halfe a dozen feuc- rali cIoathes,eueric one at leaf* a yard in compafTejthree being of canuas and three ofgoodthicke eorten,al thefe cloathes he raufta day or two before the match fteepein piflfe and Falt-peeter boild together,and then hang them vp in the aire, that they may be drie againftthe match day, then would I haiic him haue two other cloathes, ©ae of wollen the other of canuafc,which hauin g laine a day or two ftceped in the fame pifTe and falr-peete!", hee fhall carrie wet to the field, and as foone as the traine is finifhed,and the rider difmounted,the grooms fhall firft with their driecloathes rub away all the (wear from the horfes head and face,and aifo from his neck,bodie, but- tockes;flankcs,forc booths,bellie3cods,and euerie other part:andwhiift one is bofied about thefe vpperparts, another Groom muft be rubbing his legges drie, and as (bojias he hath got them drie, he fhall then take his wet cloathes,and with them neuer leaue rubbing his iegges, andioynts, till the rider be readie to take his backea- igainc,and beleeue it the benefit you fhall find thu s doing i&tnore then you will wellcredite. Thus fhall you doe at the end of euerie traine,and then fear not either faintnes orvnnimblenefTeinhisioynts, which ofallother parts of a horfes bodie doe fooneft faile him. And thus much for this part of the Groomes office, and the other know- ledges appertaining to hunting horfes. The enfrofihetktrdboekc* |
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