Contnymngthe Art and Secrets which

bclongto Ambling Horfes,

and how that pace is to

be taught to any Horfe

Newly corrected and aogmeoted �

inted by Ediv: A:lie for Edward white,
and are to be lold at liis lliop neere
the little north doore of Saint
paules Church at the fitne
or the Gun. 1617.

* ° tht Riglit Honorable and mod

Noble and mighty Lord, Thomas Ho-
ward, Earlc of Armdell&nd
Surrey.

$Mf~^^Here is nothing (tnoft Noble And mighty Lord )
M§§! i^SM which hath more my ted me to this weary labour
(w*| r ff|! « »»-'fA / %* / haue to good purpose effected)
^^i^ul ^w the grace which I^aue noted boihy ourNo-
ble jelfe and other Princes of your rankejiberally
bejtsvp vj>o» the Art ofHorfe wanfhip both by your ownpracJtfe
andtheincouragement of other s\ -which doth not ontly affme
me that no P_e«ce jbt& make the glory of War re neglecled^but
doth Al[t make me hope to hue to fee in this Nation as famous a
nurfjerieof Horfmenandtiorfes, as eutr hath beeneboafiedin
Italy or Naples, and though my boldnefje in daring toprefmt
*»y ruder skill to your honorable iadgement^nayiufllybechd-
lengedtobanenogarmentsbutanakedboUneffe^yet the louet
*tn boundtobtaretotkatmofihonorablehoufe (into whe-hyon
bane now rnojlfapptly planted your felfe) I hope wllbeboth
my defence flndproteclion^ by vh:eh Iknoweysu will
both take delight topardon^andmy jelfe
bee pi ou'd to efleemt my Jelfe
jourjerttm.

T.Q allihofe Vvhichloue their eafe

Mongft all the partes or members intP

which the Art oiHorf-manfhip is dcuided,thd^eis none fo generally followed, orhath got mot^eprofefTbrs to defend it then this Arte of AW
bjing, and yet is there no part■■of Horfe-manfhip
more mifgouernedor vildely handled by vnskil'
full workemen, through whome there is not onely multitudes of
Horfes ipoyled and made iuferuiceabky butalfoagreatcompa-*
ny ofskilfull Horf-men which know the true vfe of Art,obfair'ci
and kept vndcr by the vaine boaftes of mo ft ignorant irnpoffors,
which topreucnt and that euen common fence may knoweheuV
to make the befl election, I haue inthisTreatife following;, fet?
downe the rules both oftrue Art and falfe praclifey reconciling
them fo together with the ffrength of my beft reafons, that 1
doubt not but they will giue to any peaceable minde a full fatif-
fa�tion, in which if any man finde profitc, it is the thing lonely
wifli them, and if they vouchfafe me thankes, it is enough for
my labour. And fo wifbing you all the eafe that can be coupled,
jolabourj I leaue you to your owne thoughts of me and of my

^cThe/ourth^<Boo\

0§Arnb\lnginge9tra.Uⁱ_imioftbevf�smiam*.
modifies thereof.

^(fe^l^ja,^ Did fome few yeares agone, pari>
**^' ^ ly to giuc the world alittletafteof
that knowledge, which many good
Horfc-men had neglected in their
writinges, and partly to flacw a long,
abfent friend the remembrance of
my loue₅writ a little Height Treatife
^^^^ touching the making of Horles to

amble, which bccaufe I hauc found by many of my wor-
thic friendes gentlie accepted, albc thebreuitic and ob-
fcuritiemightweUhauebeenccontroled j I thoughtit
not ami e in this booke to demonftrate the whole Art
in as large and ample cara&ers as is fi; for the vnderfran-
dingboth of thebcttcK f&soreduller fpim; wherefore

, ., ~~■.. .~~ ~~..) j~~ i - ~~" ""**' �^"~~ ~~" ■'~~ <Jm I |IM»W^WW»«*WJIWI ■ HIM

% The fourth *Bwke.

■fir'ft to fpeake of Ambling ingenerall, itisthatfmooth
and eafie pace which the labour and induftric of an in-
genious braine hath found out to relieue the aged,Gcke,
impotent and difeafed perfons, to make women vnder-
takeiorneying, and fo by their community to graccfb-
cietie j to make great men by the eafeoftraucll more
willing t© thruft themfelues into the offices of the com-
mon-wealth , and to doe the poore both reliefe and fer-
uice: it makes him whome neceflity or (as the Prouerbe
is) wh om the deuill driues, not to be vext with two tor-
mehts,a troubled minde and a tormented bo3y: to con-
clude, ambling was found out for the generall eafc of
the whole world, as long as there is either pleafure,
comerce or trade amongft people.

Now for the manner of the morion jand the difference
betwixtit andtrotting, it cannot bee defcribed more
plainely then I hauc let downein my former treatife,
which is jthat it is the taking vp of both the legs together
vpon ®ne fide, and fo carrying them fmoothly along, to
fetthemdewne vpon the ground euen together, and in
that motion he muft lift and winde vp his fore-foot fom-
what hie from the ground,but his hinder footchce muft
no more but take from the ground, and as it were fweep
it clofe by the earth. Now by taking vp of both his legs
togethervpon one fide, I meane hee muft take vp his

right fore-foote, andhis right hinder footc,For asin the
contrary pace when a horfe trots, hee takes vp his fectc
astheItalia* faicsTrauatte which is croffe wife, as the
left hinder-foot,and the right fore-foot, or the left fore-
foot,and the right.hinder-foot; and in that motion muft;
lift vp his hinder-foot to the full height of his forefoote,
prefentingakindeofgallantrie or vaulting pride in his

The fourth ^oo^e, |

P^ce, fo this ambling motion in his fmooth fte-aling a-
way, and as it were with a foft and tender touching of
. S^r°vmd, carryes his burthe away gently without fha-
Wng, For as if you precifely marks a Ho.rfc whenhee
^ots vnder a man, you (hall fee that the takingvp of his
kgges croffe wife, doth likewife aduancc the mans bo-
«y crofTewife, as thus : The Horfe lifting from the
ground his .right fore-foote, and his left hinder-foote,
^raifeth with them the mans right thigh andhis left but-
tOcke^ndthenfettingthem downetogether, gities as it
Were a kinds of iumpe to the mans whole body, and the
higher fuch a horfe takes vp his hinder faote,the harder
is his pace, for indeed it is onely the takingvp of the hin-
der footc,which makes the pace hard or eafie:, whence it
comes that trotting horfes which take their hinder feete
gently, and but a little way from the ground,: and fo fet
them downe tenderly jarecaldeafie trotting horfes : Sa
^mblinghorfes takingvp both their legges, vp together
°f one fide, as the right fore-foote, and the right hinder-
foote, doe in their motion not lift vp but carry as it were
^ln a direft line, the mans right thigh, and his right but-
^l0cke,and fo fetting down his feete gently, giue the man
^cwheriump nor other diftemperjbutfolowingon with
j¹¹* left feet likewife, carries the mans whole body away
man eeuen fraoothncs, Now when a horfeeitherfor
want of true teachings by fome other natural cuftome,
Jakes vp his hinder feete in his amblc,either higher then
*j^e fhould doe, or fets them down harder then he (hould
oocj which you fhallknow by the wauing or (baking of
thenether partofhis taile(for when ahorfe goes fmooth-
r^^rf?^hr^v ^his ^taile will nangftraight and comely) then
lucli hoifgs arc laid to roulc in their pace₃ to be lough-

q. The fourth 7$9o%e.

-and vn-eafie amblers. Now for the firft originall or be-
ginning of ambling, Plwie writes it came from that part
of the coaft oiSpaine, which wee cali Galuta, where (faith
he) Hories doe amble natura!ly,and that other men and
other Nations from the imroitation of them (finding
the commoditie of fuch eafe in long and teadious iour-
nies) began the prattife of compelling Horfes to amble
withacertainedeuife made ofcordes and lines fettled
and bound about horfesfcetrfrom whence Jgatherthis,
that doubtles the Trameltof which I am to fpeake more
largely hereafter, was the firft and moftauncienteft in-
uencion that euer wasfound out far the making of hor-
fes to amblejand what other deuifes or witty fecondings
haue fincethole times rfTued fro mens braincs or labors^
to bring this worke to pafTc by any other method, I veri-
ly imagine to haue their beginnings from this,as the ve-
ry foimtaine from whence other men draw their riuers.
Now thatthehorfesof' Gdteh doc naturally amble,
or that any other horfe whatfoeuer doth naturally am-
ble, asln my former fmallrrcatife, fo in this I differ in
the opinion^and thinkc as therein I manifeft,that where
Foales amble, there is either fome imperfection of
ftrength, or fome cafuall mifchance,which did alter the
firft determination of nature : For it is moft eertainc,
that what Horfe focuer doth amble of himfelfe without
either inftru&ion or compulfion, hath cither weakenes
inhisbody,orimperfe�tion inhisfpirit; fo that wan-
ting either abilitie to raife his body aloft forciblie, or
fpif it to thruft out his natural pride gallantly,heis forcd
to bring his feete to this fmooth and humble paffage.

Now of ambles there bee two forts,a thorow amble,
and abroken amble, or aceicaine arable, and incerraine

The fourth ^cBooke. 5

^amble,the thorow or certaine amble is that whiehis
contained in thor©w and certaine ftrides , where the
horfe paflfes his feete forth at the length fmoothly, cer-
tainely _s and with deliberation in fhort (pace, and with
few paces paffingouer a good quantitie of ground, car-
rying his burthen iuft, eucn, and without trouble; and
this amble is that which appertaines both to thofe hor-
fes which we call naturall amblers, andtothofe horfes
which being of coole and temperate difpofitions, are by
arte and induftrie brought to bee more perfect in am-
bling, then thofe which we fay haue it by nature.

The broken or incertaine amble, is that which is
contained within the compafle of the felfe fame moti-
on that the certaine amble is; onely it is done in fhort,
quicke, and bufie ftrides, a horfe taking vp his feet both
of one fide fothicke and rouddly together, that a mans
cyecannotfayj that his fcete are downe, before they
ocevp againc,withmany fteppes,and in a long time go-
ing but a little way, which of fome Horfemen is called
^aTraine, orRacke, and itisneuerto be feenc either in
Foalcs, vnridden Horfes, or Horfes that are of any
^cooleneffeorfobrietiein iourncying: but forthemoft
Part it is euer in hot frantickefmallNaggs, which trot-
ting exceeding well, are compelled to amble by fome
diforderly eompulfibn. It many times comes to Hor-
fes by ouer-ridingthemjfo that through wearineffe,noc
being able to aduance theirbodies To luftily as in their
beftftrcngth, they come to this ftuiflingand broken in-
certaine pace, which is neither amble nor trot, buta
mixture of both, as taking his time keeping from trot-
ting ; and his motion of legges from ambling, and fo
compound this which is called aTraine or Racking.

6 ^SZ he fourth 'Boo\e.

Now for the horfe of Galicia, that they are more fub"
ie$ to this pace of ambling then any other horfes bred
in Spnins₃ I amcafily induced to beleeueit, becaufeit
being the coldeft, and moft barraineftpartof that con'
tinentj miiftby good confequence bring the weaker!
and wooii\ Horfes,fo that wanting both the heat of the
Sunn'e,and the nourifhing benefits which other races
haue, put of their want of ftr.engch they fall to the pace
of ambling: and this befides we know by experience,
that euen the belt bred linnets in all $fat#e haue thofe
weaknetfes ofioynts and members, that a man (hall not-
fee one amongft ten, but is inclinedeithertoatraine
or amble, And yet for mine own part,fhould lhaue writ-
ten of the originall of [ambling, I fnotild as foone haue
taken this Empire ofGvcatBritaweiov&n example,asa-
ny part o{ Spume or Galicia., holdings that fure it is with
vs as ancient as the vfe ofqraii-etlior the firft knowledge
of the firft.Engliih Gelding, which Geldings Wee finde
more naturally addicted to.ambling then any ftonde
Horfe whadoeuer, which 1 take tp proceede either
from the impediment of their fores when they are firft
gelt, or elfefromthecoolenefleof their natures when
thpfe in.ftrum.cnts of heate and luft are taken from
them.

Now for the vfe of this pace, it is onely for long iour-
niesjwhereeither oiu aeccfTariebufineffc, or feruice to
the State-,or any other particular affaire calles vs foorth
into the world, and makes vs change our domefticali
quiet, for i.iuch labour and toyle intrauell.

Now for the commoditie thereof ^t is the cafe of our
bodic s, prcferuing vs from aches, conuulfions, chol-
licks, galling?, and fuch like torments; it is a rnaintai-

The fourth TSooke. 7

nerofourheaiths7by helping vsto vfe the beft exer-
cifc with fufferance and moderation i it is the beft pre-
ferucr ©four eftates in this world making vs follow our.
ovvne affayres with our ownediligence, andnothkc
men imprifoned, totruftto halfe-fpeaking Sohcitcrs.
To conclude,takc away the ambling Horfc, and take a-
>vay the olde man, the rich man, the weake man s nay,
generally all mens trauels �: for Coaches are but for
Streets/and Carts can hardly pattern Winter. And
thus much for the generalitie of ambhng,and the pronf.

■ ----------------------!-----------�

Whymleswhle from tkcirDammes, and bow t»
tttnke them Ambitif'tht) dnnou

TH E rcafons why aFoalc may ambic,whcn it fucks
vpon the Damme, or that the Hrft pace which it is
ieene to tread may bee an amble, are many and di-
ners, befides thofc which I haue repeated in xnyimall
Treatifc, as namely, weakeneffes fpringing from the
firft eeneration, 6r conception; oreliemifchancesin
foaling: aswhenaFoalcfallesin hollow ground, vn-
eucn ditches , or fuchHke'vilde places , where the
Foale ftriuine to. get vpon the feete, but cannot, aocli
beateit felfeinto fuch^eaknerTc, that when it is got
vppon the feete, and Oiould goe , it is not able to
"ott , but cueii through extreamc faintneffe .ihitce*
las feete into the pace, of ambling. Befides.th^fe*,
(as I fayde ) there are other more ftrong oaufes ofc
Foales arabline 'as namely , if a Foale bee foaled

8 ^Ihe fourth Boo{e.

with weaken oofes, fo that when it comes to ftandvp-
onthefeete, the cronetsofthe hoofes do fitvke in ward
and are paipefuHtotbc Foales going. In this cafe the
griefeofthe hoofes kecpethcFoale that it cannot trot,
but isforc'd for eafe fake to alter the naturallpace, and
to amble. This weakneffe of the hoofes you may plain*
Iydifcerne, both by the faflsion of the hoofe, which
will bee flatte and thlnnc , and alfo by the cronet of
the hoofe, which will not bee fwelhng outward as
it fhould bee, but flat and funke inward, without a-
nyfemblance: and thefe Horfes for the molt part doc
feldomeliue long, nor haue many good conditions:
smother reafon there is for the ambling of foales, and
that is, if any man fhall come to the Mare when fhee
hath new foaled, and fcarring the Mare, make the foalc
dart vpon it feetc before it bee lickt ouer, or that the
folesofthe hoofes are hardned: if this happen, it is
inoftcertaine thatthefoale will not trot, but prefently
falles to amble: from thefe and fuch like occafions hath
fprung the opinion that foales naturally dae amble, and
owners not feeing them haue any other paces, ftrongly
imagine thatambling is the childe of nature, when in-
deedeitisthebaftard/begot bymifchance and weak-
nefTe.

But if it bee fo, that for as much as thofe amblers
which thus doe amble cuen from the wombc of their
Dammes, are euer the pcrfitteft, fwifteft, and moft
certaineft in their pace, as hardly knowing, at lead
lieucrvfing any other motion.If it be your defire to haue
your foales to amble thus vnder their Dammes,albe for
iriineownepart I haue little fancie or liking therein,
^et it is to bee done three feucrall waics : thefirft

The fourth ⁽Boo^e. 9

and bcft is -> if you take a Foale when it is two or three
�dayesolde, and that you fee it trottcth perfedly, and
"With a fine fharpe Butteris or pairing knife , pare the
hoofe of the Foale fo thinne as may be, fo that it cannot
treadevpon the ground, but with much forenefle, and
then put it to the Dam againe, and you (hall fee it pre-
sently through the tenderneffc of the feete, refute to
^ot, and inffantlyftrike into an amble. And if after
the hardningof thehoofes , youfinde that out of fpirit
and courage it fall to trot againe, then youfhallpare
thehoofes againe, andfo in fhort time you fhall fee it
will vtterly forget trotting. Thefecond way,butfome-
Whatworfeto make aFoale amble, istotakefoftlinnen
ragges, and therewithal! to garter vp the Foales hinder
legges,threefiDgersaboucthe cambrell, butnotto doe
itveryftraight, andfotoletit run a weeke ortendaies,
in which fpacc it is moftcertaine the Foale will fall to
^a readie amble; which as fooneas hec doth, you fhall
■�immediately vngarter his legges: for thevfe of the gar-
ters is^ but onely to bring him to the alteration of his
P^ace. The third way, and worft way, is to watch the
Mare when fhee is in foaling, as foone as the hath lickt
Mb and done her office, you fhall goe vnto the Foale,and
ueforeitbeabletoarifefromtheground,you fhall with
yoiir hands raifevp the hinder parts from the ground,
taking it ftandvpon the hinder feete, andkneelevpon
the fore knees, andfo ftaying it by the hinder loynes,
compcll it to rife vp before, as for the moft part Oxen
and King doe : and if a man will put any truft in antiqui-
ty tnisn^mnerofrayfing a Foale firfi from the ground
will make it amble; and for mine owne part, though I
naue been too fcripulous to approue it, yet fuch ftrong

I o 7 he fourth "Bookie.

reafonstogouerne me, that I doe beleeue it is-mod
poflflble, and as likely as either of the former which I
haue experienced,

Now although thefe three feitcral praclifes wil bring
toeffccT: the thing you looke for, yet each of them hath
their feuerall ends, and doe many times create rhofe
mifchiefes which doe exceede and blemifhthevertues
for which they were firft put intovfe, except there bee
fuch Arte, ludgement, and difcrerion mixt with the
praftife, as may both warrant and defend it from fol-
lowingeuils: asfir(t,the paringof aFoales hoofesfa
young, and bringing himto fuch atenderneflc of trea-
ding, makes him euer after whilfl: he is a horfe, foft foo-
ted; and when he comes to tread vpon ftonie or hard'
g.rotind,you (hall fee himfhapper,and many times tread^-ye to falfe; onely out of the tickle and quicke feeling of
his feete, befides, the paring a hoofc fo young makes ic
growthicke and flat, Co that when the Foale comes to
be a horfe,hee will neither beare his fhooes fo well as o-
therwife hee would haue done, but a'fo bee much more
apt to heat,.furbate,or founder with fleight tratiell.

Nowforthe.fecondprac~tife, which is the gartering
vp of his binder legs, that will make a foale haue thicke
andfoulecambrels, infomuch that his ioynts wiliap-
peare.gowtie and vnfuteable, efpecially if you garter a-
ny thing too {trait, it is fomewhat dangerous-for the
brcedingof bloud fpauens in Foales, becaufe the blond �
B.eiiigftoptfomany daies together within the veanes,
doth many times corrupt & take part with other grofTe ■
humors, which arethecaufes of thatforance. Laftly,
(and which is the w or ft fault of all) the ambling pace'
yvhichisgqc by this experience is nothing comefy to-

The fourth ^<Boo{e. \\

the eye, (albeit often falls out to bee mod eafie) for the
gathering of the foales legges makes it cramble with
the hinder parts , and goe both crookedly and llfa-

Now for the laftpraaife, which is the rayfmgvpota
roalefirftbehindewhenitisnewfalne_sbefidesthat,itis

not decent to handleor meddle with fuch young crea-
tures,tilltheir Dams haue ^charged their kindnefies,
and that they haue taken naturalland orderly Ihfning;
It is with Horfemcn held both vnwholfome and dange-
rous to the life oftheFoalc; for it is moftcertaine_sthaT
the compulfion which is therein vfed, brings the f oak
toamoftextraordinarieweakneffeand faintnefie, from
whence, and from no other fecret, proceeds the altera-
tion of the pace: wherefore fince there are thus many
dangers in thefe two earely tryallsjand that the working
of thefc finglc benefits in foales, may lofe all the future
hopes and feruiccs which a man expeds when they
cometobeehorfesilwould for mine owne part wiln
all Gentlemen, how much foeuer they are naturally in-
clined to their owne eafe, to omit and let pane this pra-
clifingopon foales (except it bee atiomefpeciallnme,
when, for the bettering of their knowledges, they will
try the examples of their reading)and onely toputin
vfcthofepraaifes which are fit for the horfes ot eldec
aee,as foure, fiuc, fixe, or feauen, which hauing both
fkencth and power toperforme,andabihueof bodic
and member to endure the vttermoft which Art canm-
uenttoimpofevponthem,tracemorcworthyofyour

labour,andmoreneereto yourpreientfermce: andot
them I pur ook wholly to intreat hereafter.

^t Ff 4 �BA"' 3«

11 ihe fourth &oo{e.

How to tench a tiorfe to amble by the helpe of a new
flowdefieU^ and thefault* therein.

THere both haue beene and are many queftions rai-
led (not byhorfcmen, for they know the truth of
Arte, but by fuch as beare the falfe fhapes of
horfemen, as amblers,commonhorfebrcakers,(alike in
, qualitie to Mountebanks and Horfc coffers) couching,
themakingof horfes to amble, fome inuaying againft
onepraclife, fome againft another, neuer contented
with any one certainty, but with that which cither they
haue moft vfed, or is laft in learning, {o chat to reco ncilc
them, and bringthemtoanvnirie, both in art and opi-
nion, were alabourteadious and infinite, neither will I
fpend mine houres fo vrjprontably: yet it is moft certain,
thereisbutonetruth_sandonetrue way to hit themarke
wefhooteat, which becauie my knowledge fhall nei-
ther be a judgement nor Oracle, I will not fo much ar-
rogate to fay, this is it; but vnfold at large all the feue-
rall praclifes which either myfclfe haue expericnced,or
elfe noted in other mens labours, together with fuch er-
rors as purfue and follow euery fuch method, fo that e-
tiery ripeand induftrioiis braine, may by comparing the
fruits and faults together, eafilie iudge which practife
deferues the beft entertainment, and is moft worthy a
popular imitation; wherefore to begin with the man-
ner ofmaking horfesto amble,the firft way that I found,
whichcarryedin it any fubftantiall ground of reafon,

The fourth T>oo{e. 13

vvas to make a horfc amble with the helpe of anew
deepe plo«vd field, where a horfes legges might finke
deepc into the earth, and make his labour painiull: and
it is to be done in this fort: You fhallfirft put into your
horfes mouth (if it bee tender and good) a Snaffle, very
round, mioothe,andfull,ofa(izefomewhat bigger then
an ordinarietrauelHng (ruffle, and with that ride your
horfc into fome deepe new piowd field-, all the way as
you ride into the field, notfufferingyourhodetotroc,
but rather to goe foot-pace. Adioyning ro this field you
fhaUha'iejeither fome fairc Hie-way.or elfc fome plaine
greeneMeare; and then being vpon the Hie-way, you
fhallpluckevp your bridle with both your hands, fo
that your Snaffle may not reft vpon his chap , butvpon
the weekes of his month, and then fpurring him gently
forward, fee if he will alter his pace , which if hee will
not (as it is mod likely) you (hall thenthruft him vpon
the deepe Lands, and there you frull toyle him vp and
downe for a quarter of an houre, in as fwift a foot pace
^as you cat* make him goe, differing him not by any
nieanestotrot, although heebe neucrfohaftie,nor la-
fJourino much to make him amble, though you fhould
findchmi wiilingly inclyned thereunto, butonely kee-
ping him to the height of his foot pace, and bearing
your bridle reine aloft, as was before told you. After
you haue thus toylcd him a pretty while vpon the lands,
, you fhalthenbringhimflothehie-wayagainc,andthen,
approueto make him amble by holding vp your bridle
band, carrying the reynes thereof ftraight, and by hel-
ping him with the calues of your legges, one after ano-
ther, and fomtimes with your (purres oneafrer another
alio : as thus j if when he begins to breaks and alter his

14. ^cIbe fourth "Boofe.

pace, hee giuc. you now and then a little iumpe vpon
your right buttocke as hee goes, then youraayknpwe
thathetreades falfe with bis right hinder legge, fothac
thenyou fhall giue him either the calue ofyour right
legge or yourrightfpurre hard to his fidej but if hee
doe the like with -his left hinder foote, then you fhall
giue him the helpe and correction vpon the left fide:-:
for you muftknowe that in Ambling it is eucr thchin-
der foote, and not the fore-foote which trcadcth falfe,
and if you doe but precifely snarke of which ofyour
butrockes, or of which fide ofyour body you feele the
moft fhaking or jogging, you fhall eafilie perceitie
which foote treadcsamhTe, and therefore, it is nccefTa-
rie that before you take vpon you, to teach Horfes to
amblc.you befo well experiencd in the knowledge and
feeling ofthe pace, that you may at the fir/tapprehend
theleaftilep that your Horfecan treadeamifTe. After
you haue thus the fecond time approu'd your horfe vp-
on thehie-way, if yet notwithstanding hee will notfall
to any Arable, you fhall than labour him againc vpon
the deepe landes, in the fame manner as you did before,
onely inafwiftfoote-pace, and thus continue from the
landes to the hie-way, and from the hie-way to the
landes, without ceafing, or giuing any reft till what
through his wearinelfe, and what through the reftraint
and helpe ofyour band, hee in the end breakehis pace,
and begimie to ftrike an amble, which as foone as hee
dooth, you fhall chcriih him therein ,andfofaireand
fofdyride him home, giue him fomeprouender,and
let him reft three or fourehoures : then take him foorth
againc, and if you finde him any thing vntoward, or
forgetfull of what hee laft learned, you fhall then in the

1 be fourth ^Booke. v

1-imc manner, and with the fame labour, pracrife him a-
�aine,tiHyou makehim doefomewhat more, andfom-
vWiat better then hee did at the fir ft" teaching, and then
ride him home againe.

In this manner you fhallexercife your Horfe, at leaft
thrice a day, till you haue brought him that hee will
ftrike out his Amble truely and freely, which beleeueit
hee will very fuddainly doe, becaufe (for mine owae
P^art) I haue neither fecne, nor in mine ovvnepraftife
round any Horfe which this manner of labour would
notbring to ftrike a- faire amble inleflethen anhoure
and ahaifes trouble, the toyling vpon the landes , and
the temper of your hand, which neither reftraincshim'
fo much that hee can ftand ftill, or vfediforder, nor gl-
uing him fomuchlibertie that hee may trott or gallop,
breeding fuch a confufed amazement in his minde,that
he can fmde no way to eale bknfelfc, but by the alterati-
on of his pace.

Now whereas the-principall refpecVa man is to haue
^ln teaching Horfes to amble, is that they ftrike their hin-
derfeete home, rather halfea fooreouer,thenhalfean
^!nchfh_orL of their forc-feete j this manner of reaching
^°thp_Crforme it without any trouble or toyle of the Ry-
«er, becaufe the -Horfe being brought to his amble out
©iafoote-pace/needooth euer ftrike out his feere to the
vttermofti_en2t|_l5 and begins his amble in the longed
terides that may be. Alio rhiskin'de of ihitriicti'on hath
«o nccde ofmaffieor beany fhooes-,to-bringdowne the
binder feete , but the very toyle in his foot-pace vpon

^e ^c^^ecpe_iearth, is as fumcieot as any poyfe or waight a
man can denife for the purpofe.

^ all theieuerail wayes to make- a Horfe amble

16 The fourth 'Boolf.

with the hand onely, there is none in my conceit lb ab-
solutely praifc-worthie as this : both becanfe it deli-
uers the pace in eaficft and beft manner, which is out of
a foot pace, and alfo is gouerned and accompanied
withfo many feueralcorrc(5tJons,thatahoriecannotio
foonecrre, as eucn the ground oh which heetrcades
(which is deepe plowed lands) and the paine of his
owne motions whenhisfeete are mifplaced, will giue
him no^jceand helpe foramendmentj infomuch,that
had not mine experience waded into fbme better tryals,
furely I fhould giue this method the onely precedencie
and fupcrioritiej but fo it is, that as it hath in it good
fhow and ground of reafon; foit hath alfo many errors
andinconueniences depending vpon it, which doeth
blemifh much of the better perfection: as firft, the car-
riage ofthe hand, which gouerneth the whole mouth
by theleaft arid worft part of the mouth , which is the
weekes onely, doth pull the.beft (etled reyne that is,
quite out of order,and brings a horie to the putting out
of his nofe, a gaping with his mouth , and fuch a gene-
rail incertaintie oiier all hisbodie, thatalbe you Bring
him to the end you defire, which is to amble, ycthee
doth by the maner thereof lofe fo much beautie, grace,
and other more carefull perfe&ions, that a Horfeman
willeuenbc afharned of his labour. Againe,ifthehorfe
be young and vnwayed that is thus taught, the very toy -
ling him vpon the deep lands, will bring him to a weak«
neffein his limbs, to a faintnefTe and difpairc in labour ;
and infteadofthofe incouragements which his youth
and ignorance fhould haue giuen him, he recciues fuch
diftaft and griefe,that he will be worfe for trauell whilft
he lines after: yet 1 know this maner of teaching horfes

The fourth ⁽Boo{e. 17

*- 1 .. 1 �-�.----------------------------------------------------------~~......�~~ ■■ ■ ■ ��---------------------------------------------------------.�.

to amble, is praftifed by diuersmenofthebcftfamein
this Art, with whome I haue for mine vnderftanding
many times argued, and though they haue beene out of
their long praftife onely addi&edto this rule and none
other, yet could they not deny the ineonueniences �, but
haue beene faine to flop my difcourfe with this addage;
That there is no profite without difcommodity: and he
thatwillhaue hishorfeamble, muft indure the ineon-
ueniences which follow ambling i but haue efteemed
iheiranfwereslike their Artes,thatis, to beemeercde-
ceites_sFallaces,and Sophistications.

Of making _A Horfe Amhle from hh Gtfofr or hy
otterriding,

FRom this former pra&ife of the plow'd landes ( ac-
cording to my imagination) I thinkehathfprung
vp this fecond pra&ife of making a Horfe amble
from his gallop, which is deriued from felfc like vio-
lence , though in another faibion: for the firft doth but
bring him to his amble by toyling him in his flowed
pace, and this by amazing him in his fwifteft j and it is to
be done after this manner.

Youfhailfirft ride yourHotfe intofomepeeceofaf-
cending ground,1 doe not naeane againft the fide of any
fteepc hilljor vponany hanging ground, but vpon fuch
ground as is onely rifing apparently to the eye,,and no
more; then putting your Horfe into a leafurely gallop
for fomc twenty or thirty yardes, you fhall-vpbnthe

m___________________

I Hill .....■ ■� I - _.~ -----------------------■--------^-----------��^

17 I be fourth "Boo^e.

Hidden by gkiing him a hard chock or two in the weeks
of his mouth, not make him ftoppe,but at firftasit
were in a confufed manner, make him leauc off his gal-
loppe, and fhuffle his legs difordcrly together (which
naturally cucry horfc will doe) and fo by giuing him ma-
ny ofthofe chocks and breakings off, you dial in the end
feele him ftrike a ftroake or two of a perfit amble, which
asfooneasyoufeele, you fhall prefently hold your bri-
dle hand ftraight, and putting him forward with the
helpe of your legs ,or with your fpurres,keepe him vnto
that pace as long as you can, fpurring himfomewhat
hardvpon that fide ofwhichyou fhal feele him to tread
faife, which is cuer that which fhakes your body mofl:
but when you feele him in defpite both of your helpes
and of your corre&ions, wilfully giuc ouer his am-
ble, and that hee will continue it no longer, you fhall
then put him into his galloppe againe , and as you
did before, fo you fhall againe the fecond time chockc
him in the mouth,and fo bring him to his amble againe.
This you fhall doe fo off, till your Horfe come to the
perfit vnderftanding of your minde,and that he knowes
all his eorretlionsjlabours and tormentsoncly proceed
from the handling of his feete, contrarie to yeur difpo-
fition, which knowledge you fhall eafily bring vnto by
makinga difference betwixt his well doing, and euildo-
iag,withcherrifhings and punifhings, neither anima-
ting hira when hee errcs, nor correcting him when hee
doth as you would defire,which obferuation will fo for-
tifiehim, that through delight and feare, he will whol-
ly frame his a&ions and motions accordingto your will
and Arte in riding.

Now when you haue thus by hourclyandinceffant

1 be fourth "Booke. iS

labour, brought your horfe by little and little , as from
°nefteptotwo, from two to three, and from three'to
">ure,to fuch perntncflc,that he will amble fome twelue
°r twentic fcore yards vpon plaine ground well and tru-
^lf, then you (hall onely by exercife and riding him e-
uery day more and more, and putting him euery day to
grounds of more insertaintie and roughnes; In the'end
make him fo cunning andperflt, that no ground or hie-
Way will be too difficult for him to tread vpon: and truly,

rlr¹ n^mUCh ^l ^muft ^fay ^for ^Ambling>^that ^as ^ic i^s ^a motion-
pi all motions moft eafie to be taught vnto any horfc,fo
" is the harden: of all other lelfons to bee confirmed and
made of continuance in any horfe whatfoeuer, except
Were bee a certaine naturall inclination in the horfe fet-
led and adidted to the pace of ambling_ybefore the begin-
ning ot your labour, whence it comes, that many ofour
fc°r|e amblers will make any horfe amble for A fmali
road, or the length of a Faire or Market;yetwhenhec
omes to incertame waies,or long iournics,thcn he is as
arreto leekcinhis eafiepace as if heehad neuer beene
^a«ghtthe.Motion;whcrfore mineaduke is, when you
an"² ^b*^owS^ht y°^ur ^horfc ^th»^s fwm his gallop, toftrikc
"^a«nble(whichcuco natureit felf dnues him into) that
/■ ^u ocnottoohafty either to-put him vnto foule,durty,.
that?"⁵¹}^Waie�' ^&t ^by ^ioun>eying to ouer-toylc himin
andI' r ^butnewly^iearnt₅ till by former exercife,
abl ^mCrca"ⁿS by degrees, you findehim both apt and

e to pcrforme as much as you (hall-put vnto him.

dry of V*^cthod.pf teaching I hauefeen purfued by (a**-.

indefe ^r?^feffi°ⁿ⁵ ^and ^nauchcarc3 many arguments

but form- "» ^ag^ainftother manner of inftruaions:

"tiormmeowne _Part₃ Ithinkeofit aslthinkeof the.

2 o The fourth ^Booke.

former, that the toyleis vnorderly,thevnderftanding
thereofthruft into a Horfe barbaroufly, and the good
effe&s, which itfhouldworkc,arebothincertaineand
voyde ofcontinuance; it doth ,as the method before de-
scribed doth; thatisjmarre the Horfes mouth, diforder
his reyne, and takes from him all the beauties of a good
countenance, it puts a Horfein great dangerCf oner-
reaching, and ftriking onefoote vpon another, from
whence many times comes Quitter-boues^Crovpne-Jcabbes
and fuch like forances, which are euertobeauoyded,
where there is a better way to compafle that which wee
labour for.

To this manner of teaching- Horfes to Amble I may

very well ioyne another,which many yearcs agone I faw

practifed by a JW///5Ryder, whome then (in my firft

beginning) I had heard great commendations of for

this Art; fo that when I found him curious to fhow me

his skill, I hauc watch'd and dogd him in priuatc to take

notes from his ryding; and I found his order to make a

Horfe amble was, firft to ride his horfc into fome deepe

new plow'd field,and there to gallop him vp and downe

tillthe Horfe for wantofwinde was not able to gallop

any longer, then to giue him breath, and fo to gallop

him againc till hee found the horfe grow faint, and then

to bring him from the landes, and fome eeiien faire way

to put him to amble, by the ftraitning his bridle hand,

and holding vp his head aloft, fo that the Horfe might

not well fee the way before him. The wcarines hee had

formerly brought the horfe vnto, vpon the deepe lands,

would make him vnwilling to trot, the ftraitning of his

head,and putting him forward with hisfpurres, would

thruft him fafter forward then foote-pace, and the want '

The fourth 'Boofa 11

°f feeing this way, would make him take vp his forefeet
Jn fuch a fafhion, that heecoufd well vndercakc no pace
out ambling: this I haue (bene him do twice,and lome-
times thrice a day, (o that what horfe foeuer hee began
Withall in the morning,hee would eucr make amble be-
fore night, by which meanes hee got much fame aaJ
wealth -. but for mine ownepart, although I know there
is nothing brings a horfe fooner to amble then weari-
neflfeandouer-riding; yet thatitfhouldbemyprac'tife.
to inftrud horfes by fuch a rule, I cannot but infinitely
diflikeit, and it needcs no further difcommendations
then the bare title it moft properly beares, which is to
make horfes amble by oner-riding them; and furely I
thinke it was firll found out, eicher by fome chollericke
pcrfon, who feeking to make his horfe amble by one of
the former rulcs,and finding him not at the fir ft da(h to
anfwere his expectation, hath prefently out of his furic
falncto fpurreandgalloppehim whilft he could ftand,
and fo almoft tiring his horfe, hath vpon his wcarinefTe
(as all horfes are) found hima great deale more willing
to amble: or elfe it hath proceeded from fuch a one,
Who riding fome long iourncyvpon a trotting horfe in
hard waies hath whe the horfe was weary(as it is the pro
;perty of al horfes jfound him of his own accord alter his
Pace 5c fai to plain amblingvbut whofoeuer,or howfoe-
^l,er it was found out^for mine owne part I cannot eit!\er
^comcnd,or g_me _ai₀ _wance vnto it,only for your fatisfa-
^tiondelm_er the manertherof,that when your own de-
fire fhal take fro you the beleefe of reaf >n,you may then
out ofyourownexpcricce,euheralowordifal 'wwhat
h ^i" k*^ ^Decne dilated vnto you. And thus much for
this kmd_c ₀f arnblincr vvhich proceedes from the worft
violence. ^a <j._g cHAP.^

22 . V he fourth *Bo'ik$*

_�,----------------------------,----------^-------------

How to makeHorfes to ttmblebythe vfecf
Watzhts.

NOT farre different in nature, though much more
temperate in qualitie, is this manner of teaching
Horfcs to amble by the vfe of poife or waightJfor
albc it do not weark a horfe in bodily labour, yet it wea-
kens and makes feeblehis members by fuffering an ex-
tremitie greater then his ftrengtfi is able to contend
with : for if his burthen bee kept within the abilitie of
his power, then it works no new thing, butkeepes him
ftill in the ftate of his firft creation, whence it comes to
paflfe,thatifyou willmakeahorfeambleby waight,ey-
thcrthatwaightmuftexceede in mafllnes, or trouble-
fomnefle_>.orelfcno.m.occpreuaiIe, thenif fueh waiglit
were not vfed at all.

This manner ofarnbNngisvery generally vfedinthis
kingdom hyfundryprofeiIors,yet not al ofonefafhion;
but according to the humors or inuentionSjfo the man-
ner thereof doth alter: fori haue feerce one horfman
bring his horfe to amble by waight after this manner :
hehathfirftcaufedtobeecaft in the fafhion and com-
paffe of a paftcrne, great rowles or wreathes of Lead,
of thewaight of fome fixe pound a peece, and lapping
shem in lifts and wollen cloth _> hath made them fafta-
boutthene3thermoftioynts or pafternesof the horfes
hinderlegges, and then riding the horfe abroad, haue
(Vvith the helpe of their bridle hand, as is explain'd
ia .%rmer Chapters, tridc to alter the Horfes pacej

The fourth *Booke> z+

but ifthey haue found,that cither the horfes courage,ot
the fmoothnes of the way, hath made the horfe either
notfcele, or not refped the waights, but to hold the
trotting pace ftillj then they haue with thofe waights
iiddenthehorfe into fome deepe new plowd field, and
there with the waights abbut his heeles to labour him
vpon a fwift foot-pace,till the hojfc out of his wearines
"ath altered j or at leaft ihufled his feet fo eonfufedly to-
gether, that hce hath gone betwixt an amble arid a trot,
thentherider hath brought him into the plaine way,
Where the horfe hath had libertie to caft foorth his legSj
and there with his hand hath put him into his amble,
Which prefemly I hauc feene the horfe to vndettakejfor
what through che waights about his legs, &thc weari-¹nes he was formerly put vnto, it is impoffible the horfe
fiiould trot, and fo by little and little the rider encoura-
ging him, and the horfe feeling the cafe of the amble to
bemuch more then his trot, I haue feencmany horfes
made very pcrfit and ready in the pace.Other horlemen
Ihauefecnc, which to make their horfes amble, hauc
laid great waights vpon the hinder parts of the horfe a-
bouc his fillets iuft behinde the fkddle, as namely, the
Waight often ortwelue ftone,and fo to ride him firft in
deepe hie-waies,or plowed ground,and if he doctrot a-
way with any lightnes, then to augment the waighr,till
he begin to folter or ftrikchis feet falfe, 5c then to bring
him into fome plaine4uc-wayjand there to put him into
his amble with thehclpeofhis hand & legs, checking
him in the mouth with the bridle, & ipurring him vpon
that fide of which you feelehis hinder foot treade the

. The waight which is vfed for this purpofe is

moftcomonly earth,lcad,orfomefuch likcheauy ftuffe:

2 4. *1 he fourth liooke.

then ncedeth lirclc or no Arteto bcvfcd in this manner
of teaching, more then to haue.this diferetion, that
though the waight be more then the horfe with conuc*
ntencccan beare, yefnottobefomuch as to bruifehis
limbes^ albc-.fuch mifchiefcs oft (pring from fuch teach-
ing : you mud alio when yau teach a horfe thus to am-
ble by waight, let him haue very little reft, but be riding ;
and exerciftnghim euery houre, or once in two houres �■
at thefurtheft, and as he becomes perfir in his pace , fa
by degrees t© make his burthen lelleand Icffe,till he will
amble verie readily without anymore waight then the
Rider only, and then by little and little to traine himvp-
on rough and vncertainc waits, as fbmtimes vp the hill,
fometimes downe, fbmetimes oreth wart lands, or ouer
alyes or dry furrowes: and when he knowes how to take
his way vpon fueh vneuennesjthen yo« may prefiimc his
cunning is fuffieieiit/This manner of teaching a horfe to
amble, is both eafie andcertainer yet in my iudgemcnc
not of fuch value as is worthie of any painfull imitation,
beeaufe the dangers and ineonuenicuces wfiich doe at-
tend it are more then may bee tollerated in fofmaUa be-
nefite: for flrft, befidesthe manner of the toile which is
vpondeepe lands, and fo hath all the mifchiefes which
are formerly fpoken of,.rhe waights alfo which are to be
borne vpon the hinder pafternes, doe not only beat and
bruife the flnewes in thofe parts, but alfo vponthe leaft
fllppe or falfe treading, doe hazard thofe ftraines which
are feldome or neuer eured.Then for the waights which
are to be laid vpon his backe, which mufi fo farre exceed
astoalterahorfcspace, a man flaall hardliccarry that
temper cither of Judgement or hand, as topoiiehimto
a due proportion^ and then if heeexceedc, heccyther

The fourth "Book^. 25

breakesthebacke,fwaies theback, or bringes him to the
confumptionofthebacke, and if hee make it but a little
too light ,hee either waftes his labour to fmaUpurpofe,
°r el(e bringes tothepaceahaciingjand^ncomelinGfTe,
boweuer,thisiscertaine, that a horfe which is trayned
to his amble by weight,hath eucr for the moft part dan-
ger or difordcr brought to his hinder partes; befides the
horfe that is thus to be trayned,muft bee of fuch a colde
and frozen nature, that he will neither ftart at boggard,
ftirre with the fpurre, or bee troubled with any paffion;
for if hee fh.all, there is not then theleaft affright which
Will not put him to the hazard of much mifchiefe : and
if a horfe fhall but get the fmalleft cricke in his backe, ic
is a gri.efe that will trouble thebeft Farrier to know how
jo amend it, and for the moft part they are mifchiefes
Which I haue feene feldome repaired.

N o w for the taking away the tendernes and conftan-
cy of his mouthjthc fpoyling of his reync, and the beau-
ty of his coticenance,they be fo generall bothin this,and
almoft all other courfes, which are to inake horfes am'
blejthat imay very well fpare fpeaking of their loffe,
becaufe it is moft commonly the firft worke Amblers
goe about to depriue their Horfes of thofc good vcr-
tucs,

Nowe laftly the labour which a man muil take in this
Planner of teaching is fo infinite andincciTant,thatit
both robbes a man of the delight hee fhould inioy after
bis wiUi i_s effected, and aifo depriueshim of much hope
ky taking him difpaire in fo endlefle a labour ; to
which I may _adde this mifchiefe, the worft of all other,
that! haue notknowne more good horfes fpoyl'd and
^madcutterly inferuiceable by any wilfullcourfewhatfo-

16, lhefourth^cBoo{e.

_f ____________ ________ » v

euer, then by this prefcript cruell method of maW
horfc aablc by weight, and the former iotollcrablt

SOme horfemen who fiauc becne ofmore temperate
and milde difpofitions,hauing feeoe horfes brought
to amble by the rules before defcribed j and noting
the tyranic of the man in tormenting abeafi that is ereX
ted for his vfe/eruice,&famiIiaririe,worfethen a rauc-
nousmon{tcror.animpoyfoning.Serpcnt₃haue out of

their milder cogitationsfoundoutanotherwaytomake
thenwrnblo^ which though it befomewhatpainefull to
the man, yet it is nothing fo cruell to the beaftj and that
as, .farft to. make them amble out,of hand,by which I
meane that a horfc fhall be brought to amble perfidy of
himfelfc, without either.carrying the man vpon his
backe^hauinganyefpcciallvfeof the mans hand in <
his amWK)g,tt might more properly be called, Ambling
in the hand, becaufe the horfc is brought thereunto as

the man leads him in his-hand, andnot rides him; after
this manner: Firft you fhall take your horie in a bridle
and lead him alongft fome ftraight wall, and ioyniai
the horfes (ide th ereunto, you fhall place your owne bo-
dicclofetothefhoulder of thchorfc which is. from the
wall thatyou may,whetherhee will orno, hold him vp
an aftraight furrow: then with your rod, turned backe-
^rd in your hand,fd that, it may.rcach to his buttockc*

The fourth'Boofy.] 27

you fhall iert and force him Forward, and in the very in-
ftant that the horfepreffes forward, you (hall with that
hand which is vpon the bridle, giue him a good chocke
in the mouth,that you may make him ftammer₃& (hufflc
his legs confufedlytogctherj & then prefently cafe your
handagaincj fo that hee may neither ftand ftilI,norgoc
backward, but ftill keepe his way forward, and at ewery
two Peps to giue him a chocke or two in the mouth to
make him (huffte his legs.til you pcrceiuehimto take vp
two legs of a fidetogethcr, and then prefently to chcrifh
him,& then to exercife him again after the fame maner,
till you haue made him to ftrike twoorthreeftrokesof
his amble together,and then you foalcherifhhim more
then before. And thus youfhall continucto doe,till you
hauegiuen him a pcrfit vnderftanding of your minde,
and that he may with afliiraneeperceiue wherefore he*
is corredted, and wherefore he is cherifhed.
You (hall, duringthis maner ofreaching,by no means
fufferhimto trot: butifpcrforcehewill,andthatatfirft
you cannot keepe him from trotting(as it is very hard its
the beginning) you (hall then eueryftroke that he trot-
teth, turne your bodie about, and with your rod giue
him a good icrt or two-oner the hinder houghes,and vo-
der the bellie,bcciu{e it is euer his hinder parts which
tread falfe in ambling; arid then fall to your bufinefle a-
gaine. After this manner you {hall be cuery houre in the
day doing foinwhat vntohiro, neuerfufferingthe horfc
to reft an houre at peace, till you hauebrought him to
the true handling ,or the taking vp of his lcgs,increafing
his lab our daily infuchfort^ that in the end you bring
him to amble the whole length of the wall, or an or-
dinaricroad, which is fa* the moft part 5, or fixe (core

2 8 The fourth^ ool^e.

yardes: when you haue made him perfite thus farre
foorth, you fhall not then eafe any part of his toyie,but
continue him ftill in his hourely labour, till you haue
made him perfite j and giaen him fuc-h delight therein,
that hee will amble in your hand, without the vfe or
neede of any correction whatfoeuer. This being done,
you fhall then take the bridle foorth of his mouth, and
putvponhisheada plainechaine,orthe gentleftCaue-
zan, and make him onely with cither of them amble as
perfidy as he did before with his fnaffie, obferuiog that
asheegrowesperfiter in skill, fo you eafe his reftraint,
andbearetheChaineorCauezan as gently as may bee,
till hee will amble of himfelfe, without any touch of the
Chaineor Cauezan : then you fhall make him amble
onely by the vfe of his col!er,without any reftrainr. And
laftly that he will of himfelfe (you running by him with
loofereaynes) amble as perfitely as when hee hath the
greateftreftraint whatfoeuer.

Now you are to remember, that when you firft teach
your Horfe to amble thus by you, if hee be of a flow and
dull nature, fo that when you carry your hand any thing
ftraite he will not preffe forward, but either ftand ftrll,or
goe backe j or if hee doe goe, it fhall be fo flo wlie that it
fhall not exceede a foote pace. In this cafe you fhall
haue a foot-man to come behinde him with a rod in his
hand,who as you reftraine him, fhall force himtogoc
forward, either as fafi orasflowlieasyou will, till you
haue brought him to the knowledge and true vfe of the
pace, and then you fhall vfe his helpe no longer j for
whatfoeuer you are to doe after this is effe&ed, oneJie
vfeandpra6tife Will bring yourhorfevnto, without ei-
ther fcruplc or amazement i for there is nothing after a

'I he fourth *Boo{e. zp

horfe kriowes how to take his legges vpright, which
brings ahorfc cither to perfitneiTe or inaperfitnetTe, but
°nely pra&ife. I haue feenefome Horfemen (and my
felfe alfo haue done the like) which haue taught this
kindeofamblinginaclofehoufeorbarne, but it is no-
thing fo good, nor fo voide of difficultie, as is thevfe of
the ftraight wall, if a man can haue one conuenicntly:
but where the ffcraight wall is not to be had, there I pre-
ferre the dofe heute , becaufe there a man may lead his
horfe, either elofeby the walks,or otherwife, if he lead
«im in the midft of the houfe, yet the horfe cannot flye
much out of order, becaufe the compaffe of the walles
.will notgiue him any greatlibertie.

After you haue made your horle thus perfit,that he wil
amblebyyou in your hand( which amblers call ambling
out of hand) fo that when either you leadyour horfe to
the water,or to (port,or about any other exercife,he wil
^fe no other pace but ambling*,then (& not before) you
fhall.laddie him, and mounting his back by a temperate
carriage ofy_OUr hand, and by laying your leggs clofe to
b-isfides,youfhal thrufthim for.ward,and make him am-
ble vndier.'you jWhich if at firft(as I haue often foundjand
it was the firft reafon which made tne difallow this pra-
ftife) you perceiue that he falles into a trot, and refufeth
to amble, as if he had neuer beene acquainted with the
pace; which indeede is fo naturall to many horfes, that
you fhall behold many(and my felfe haue had the riding
of feme) which ambling eucn from .their firft foaling,
haue, when they hauecome to the Saddle, and carriage
oftheman,prefentlyfalnetotrot, which they were ne-
uer feene to doc in all their liues before; by which 1
�hauegathered, tbataborfe doth take an excraordinarie

2o The fourth ll.ookg.

pride and delight intheferuice & carnage of the man₉If then your horfe thus refufe to amble vnder you, im-
mcdiatelyyou fhall twich vp his head, and giuing him a
good chocke or two in the mouth, and ftiikinghim with
your fpurs, one after the other, youfhall thruft him into
his amble, which your correction and amazement ioy-
ned with his former knowledge, will loone bring him
vnt©;andthen after he ftrikes a ftroke or two,and is che-
riihed, commingtovnderftand your meaning, hee will
then fall more readily to his amble, and with fo much
morecomlinefleandrruthashee was formerly experi-
ene'd in the pace before.

Now that this manner ofteachinghorfes toamble,rs
either fo full of art,eafe,orcomlines,that it deferueth ei-
ther your labor,or a generall immitationjl am not of the
.opinion,, becaufe as the former methods, fothisis ac-
companied wirhmany faule & groffe inconuetriences,
fuchasahorfe by no means ftiould be acquainted with-
all j for befides the loffc of time in the man, beftowing a
long labour to little purpofe,and fpending his houres to
bring his horfe to an vnprofitabJe exerciic, which is to
amble without the manj the very manner of bringing a
horfe vnto it,which is by chocking him in the mouth,&:
diftempering his head,is moft vilde & infufferablejfor if
the horfe be of fpirit & courage,by fuch corrcdionsthc
horfe inftead of ambling,falls to rearing,plunging, and
other reftife qualities,one of which wil aske more labor
toamend,then to make twenty horfes amble:and indeed
rto fay truth,I haue not feene a horfe of any good mcttall
that hathbeene brought to amble by this manner oftea-
ching, or if they haue, yet it is impoffibkthat they
fhould continue long therein} for euen their owne cou>

^Tbe- fourth ^cBoo%e. 31

^ragcs will tranfportthem,and make them weary of fitch
*n intemperate motion: and on thecontrarie part,if the
horfe be dull and beanie, hisfloth & vnnimblen'eiTe mil
^cfocontrarie and rebellious againft this pra&ifc, that
the Rider had need of a more thenanordinarie patience
toendurethe flackneffe andvntowardnelfe of his inca-
pableIpiritjWhich will neither vnderftand, or if he doe
vnderftand-, yet will not execute any thing any longer
then correction and torment lyes vpon him. Thusyoti
fee, that neither the hot fierie horfe_} nor the dull flowc
jade is fit for this kindeof inftruettonj infomuch, that if
you haae no other method toteach a horfe to amble by
butonely this, you (hall eyther runne into many incon-
ueniences _s orthe lo(Te of your time j or elfe deale with
fnch horfes which are of fuch well mixt qualities and
difpofitionsjthat they arc neither too fierie,to rebell oc
contend againft inftru&ion; or notfo dul,as not>to con*
ceiue whacyott would teach j or when they do coneeiue
out of (loth and idleneflfe, to leaueyour willvnperfor-
med : it is the mediocritie with which you muft deale,
which beingfekiomeft found, you may line an age ere
you meet with a Horfe of that temper. And thus much
for the making of horfes to amble outof the hand.,

Ofmaking Horfes t& amble by the hetyt of the handenely,

SVch horfemen as- had. pra&ized this, former way to
�pake a horfe to amble out of hand, that is_y before a
^ man come to tide nirn ■: whenthey found that the

2 3 7 he fourth Boo^e.

~~■ ■ ■-~~ -,' ■ ■ ■ i _m_i_ . � - ■ ~~■ ■ -~~ ~~.......~~ - ■■ ~~�■■ ■ ■ ■ rnrii~~ ---"■*

horfe comming into hand, that is, when hee came to be
ridden, was in their firft iudgements,as imperfitein am-
bling, as if He had beene neuer taught to amblebefore,
and that they hauebeeneas it were drawne by. a new me-
thod to bringtheir horfes to amble, they baue presently
by looking into the loffe of the former time, and to the
benefit ofthcirprefentexercife, condemned the former
manner of teaching, and oaely held tplieuabiiraa: other
way to teach a Horfe to amble, but the vie j of the hand
andlegge oneliearguing with other Riders (which did
not the iikc)ofthefaultes which were in_; their puctiiej
but not beholding any in this which, no wo was :la>ft
brought to their memories.

And this manner of teaching horfes to amble feemed
at the firft foftrange and artificially that euery Rider of
Ambling horfes, was thought vnwonhy which taught
by any other forme; and euery Horfe-maifter thought
his Horfe .not well taught, which came not from his
hand,who was reported to teach by the help of the hand
onely, the manner whereof is, After you haue put into
your Horfes mouth a rough twoimd fnaffle, fuch a one
as through the cruelty thereof will comraaund from the
horfe an extraordinary obedience(forin this manner of
teaching, you muft haue your horfe exceedingly tender
mouthed)youfhal then take his-backe,and holding your
bridle reyne in both your handes, a handfull one from
the other, you (hall walke your horfe gently into fome
plainehigh way, and there firft thruft your horfe into
thefwifteftof hi$footepace,andif he offer to.trot,you
fhall liftvp your handes, and giuehimagoodchockejri
the mouth with your bridle , andthen put him forward
againc, holding him at the fwifceft of his foot-pace, and

The fourlh^<B<;cke. ^

& ride him vp & down for an hcuire or more,ftriuiug flil
to make him goe fafter &i fafter; and euery time that he
doth but offer to trot, to giue him a good chocke m the
mouth , and a. ftroke with your fpturc on the fide which
he treadeth falfc with his hinder footjand by this meanes
correcting him both in the mouth, and vpon the fides
whenhee trots, and yet vrging him continually to goe
tafter ui his footc-paccthenheisable, you (hall in the
^cnd bring him to ftrike foorth an am ble, which when he
doth, youfhall then carry your hands conftantly, arad
without fpurringhim/hew that you are contented with
that motion, obferuing that yon keepe him to fiich a
temp_crate pace, that you, neither by making him g;o to
faft,yrgc him to trot, nor by canfing him to go coo (oft-
he₃keepehim within the eafe of his foote-pace^ but let
the firft b&nva'de troublefome tohim by correction,the
other painefull by too fpeediepaffage. This courfewill
"ot onelybring him of himfelfe to finde out the true
ftroke of an amble, butalfoby keeping him in his foote
Pace, make him to ftride and ftreteh out his legges, that-
"is pace wili be both more comely, morccertaine, and
moreeafic.

After you hauc thus by the helpe of jjrou band-, held
"take vpon the bridle, and the correction of your legge
and fpurre brought your horfe from his foot-pace to an
,amblc, you fhall then continue him, and augment his
pace thereupon infwiftnefle, euery houre a little more
and more, till you haue made his amble f^ifter then e-
^Uer ^w^^s his trot, and that he will ftrike the fameybotfrvp
the bill, downc the hili,ouer croiTe paths,rough waies,
mine new plowed lands, or wherefoeuer elfeyou (hall
haue oceafion to trauell, which onely coatinuall exer-

34. 7 he- fourth ^Bcoke.

cifc muft bring him vnto,and his owne nimble cnnning,
obferuing by no meanes to put him too loone to trauell,
or to amble him long together at any time, till hee be fo
perflt and skilfull in the pace, that hee will takeitboth
cunningly and freely of himfelfe^ albe the bredle reyne
licinhisnecke, and you haue no vfe of the fame: You
fhal alfo obfcrucjtbat if this round twotnid fnaffle which
Ididfirftprefcribe vnto you, bee either To-rough-that
it cut, or gall the Horfes mouth, or if the horfe bee [o
exceeding tender of mouth, that bee is not able to in-
durctheience of{uchfharpne{Te,youfhallthcninftead
thereof vfe onely a fmooth fnaffle made fuIl,round, and
ofancxtraordinariebignefle, about which if you folds
certaine wreathes of fome fine linnen cloath, to make
it as full and biggc in the Horfes mouth as may bee, it is
much the better and more fwecter, and the Horfe will
take his pace with more delight and chearefulnes; but
if you fede that albe hce take the ftroake and manner of
his pace cruelie enough,yet with the raifing vpofhis
hinder feete fomewhat too high (which motion hee
taketh from his trott) you feele hee doth not goe away
cfiaeinough, in fuchacafe it (hall bee meete for you to
make his hinder lhooes ofan extraordinary weight, and
thickncs,each fhooe weying at leaft fiue pounds, which
will fo tycr and load his feete that he wil be glad to keep
them downe and cuen fweepe them clofe by the earth as
hee goes- Now although this manner of teaching hor-
fes to amble bee both generally commended, and mod
of all other waiespra&ifd in this Nation ; yet for mine
own part if it be fo good as men do imagine,I muft con-
my felfetobee agreatheritiquein my beliefe ther-
ifyforl can neither allow it to be contained within any

'1 he fourth ^cBoo,{e. ^!5

rule of good horfernanfhippe, nor that it is worthy any
'Wans labour to endcuourtoleame it, both becaufeitis
Sccompanied with as manv errors as any other of thofe
methods which goe before it j and alio becaufe there
be a great dealemore artificial! waies to bring a horfc
eo this pace, without the faults that this holdeth, which
faults are thefe : The wafting of more profitable time
^Vainly>ihe marring of the horlcs reine,thc diftempering
°fhis mouth,&fpoile of bis countenance,which thefe
checkings and iuddaine chocks do,befides the breeding
°f a generall inconftancie ouer all the horfes body,
which is the grolTcft fault which can at any time bee
found in horfernanfhip.So that to conclude,howloeuer
men may be conceited,& fpeake in the commendations
°f making horfes arnble thus with the handonely, Ifor
my part cannot be induced either to giue it any toilera-
tion in mine owne opinion : or to preferueitforany o-
thcr praclifethen only for theknowledge of generall ex-
perience. Thusyoufeelbauchkhertofhewedyoufun-
ory waies how to make horfes amble ; as namely by the
tallow field,by waighr,outof hand, with the hand,and
tome others j yet to cuery one I haue fhewed you fuch
errors and inconuenienccs adioyned, that hi my con-

ufion I made them both vnprofirable and not tobee
FactifedjWherby I muft confeffe I haue hitherto left yott
~ⁿ ^^mazemcnt(thatfince ambling is fo necelTary, and of

^c" general vfe, that we cannot trauel or iourney with-
out it) whatcourfeis there to be taken to bring ahorfe

^nt0lt without either the grofneffe of thefe former er-

|S& mifexpecc ofrime,orthe loffeof a horfes beau*

out f ^°^d ^Cou,Kcnance3 ^wnich laborinth to bring you

-° ³* matyou may fee what 1 haue formerly written*

9 6 The fourth ^Bool^e,

is but to inablcyour memories with cuery feueral know-
ledge and experiment which hath at any time been pra-
ftifed for bringing this w.orke to paffe: And tfiat the
knowing of errors may inable you the better to fhunne
errors j I will now proceede to thole waies in teaching
which are compleate in Art, and worthie imitation,
without any error but fuch as fhall proceeds from the
fault ofcheRider.

ofmakwg Horfes to amble by the belpe of Jhooes onely.

Alrterthefe former waies of teaching horfes to am-
ble came to be put in prac"tife by men of Arte and
skill in horfemanfhip , and that they came to finde
the errors andinconueniences which doe necefTar/ly be-
long to fuch infubftantiall inftru&ions, prefendy they
put oftheirbetter judgements and inuentions, began to
finde out meanes to make horfes amble without either
marring their mouthes, Ynfetling their heads, or bree-
ding any other vncomelydiforders, conceiuing thus:
that fince the making of liorfes amble, was but onely to
bring them to an alteration of the naturall motions of
their legges, why (hould not thofe motions bee as well
taught without diforderto the head and reyne, as either
* the Corset??^tnc Capriole, and other motions daily vied a-
rnongft horfes of pleafure & feruice: and hence it came,
that doubtleffe fome man, both of good skill andiudge-
ment, found out this way, which 1 will here deliuer vn-
to you, and which I haue lately, to goad effect, pra&i-

The fourth 'Booty;. 37

^r«a & found both agreeable to art,reafon,& ai the (tri&eft
^ri>lcs in horfemanfhip; which is to make a horfe amble
with the helpe of two hinder fhoocs onely, & this is the
banner thereof: Firft you (hall caufc a Smith to take the
jjeafureofy our horfes hinder feet, and to make him two
ihoocs of an extraordinary thickncs, and from the toe or
Jore-part of the (hoe,to beat out as it were a thin plate,
icarfe halfe fo thick as the fhoe,and being at the toe ofthc
inoe,not aboue two inches,or a little better broad j but at
^lhevttermoft end of the plate better then 4. inches broad:
this plate muft from the very toe of the (hoe forward, rife
alittle fhoaring fro the ground,fo that the horfe (landing
lull vpon his feet, the oucpioft end of the plates muft be as
hie fro the ground as the horfes fetlock,& they muft hauc
their ends turned vpwardback agaioe towards the horfes
hinder leggs, fothatas thehorfc puts forward his hinder
fcet,if he chance to hit vpo his forclegs,yct the plates be-
ing lb turned forward, may hauc no force to hurt or brufc
the horfe,but only to giuc him a flat blow & no rnore.The
fafhion & proportion ofthe fhoes arc contained in thej«
"gurcs. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

3 S^; '-J he/our tb ^Bool^.

To appoint or fet do-wne any certaine length fo r thefe
fore plates i cannot: for they muft keep their fue accor-
ding to the proportion of the horfe, or largenefle of the
firide he takes: for if he beahorfe that takes along (tep 5c
ftrikes his hinder foot forth eue clofc to the fettin g d'owne
of his fore footjthen thefe plates may be the fhorter i but
if he be a horfe that takes fmallfteps, and doth^s it were
fet his hinder feete dbwrie where hee takes-them vp, then
niuft the plates be made fo much the longer: yet becaufc
I will riot leaue y ou in amazement, you fhall vnderftand
that the beft obferuation you can take for making thefe
fore¹'plates of a true length, is tolet your horfe walkein
fomefandie way,where you may fee the print©f his feet,
and then looke ho w much you fee his hinder foot to tread
fhorrof his fore foot,to make your fore plates about fome
3.inches longer, & no more: as thus for example, if your
horTe Bring his hinder foot to his fore-foot by 3. inches,
shcnydufhaU make your plates ^.inchesj&fo a-ccording
to this rule, you ■fhall cither increafeor deminifh; of the
two choices, rather making it with the fhorteft, then the
longelt: for ifthey b©,too long, then they giue the forer
blow, and may fo bruife the horle vpon the tftnewes of the
forelegs^as may bring him to alameT)cs,& tberby not on-
ly procure to your felfe great lofle _y but to the art greater
discredit, which in truth is vtterly without blemifh, but
onely for your owneindifcretion. When youhaue fhod
your horfe with (hooes of this fafhion,you thall firft with
all gcntlencs lead him as mildly as you can vp& downe,
either in fome euen hie way, or vpon fome plaine greene
walke, that your horfe may firft feele the fhooes, and that
whenhecgrowesarriazedat the blowes which they will
giuchim vpon the fore-legs, which at firft will be fharpe

The fiurtb.^cBoo{e. ]9

and paineiull,yet you may ftay him,and with cherifhings
fortifie him, and incoiarage him till he come to an vnder-
ftanding how his torment comes, which only proceedes
from this reafon: that if when he moues his right hindcr-
foot,hc doe not alfo in the fame inftant tcmooue his right
fore-foot,then thofe plates rauft perforce beate him vpon
the fore-leg, and make him whether he will or no remoue
»t> which the hocfe no fooncr will perceiue, (and finding
the motion whichkeepes him moftfrom torment)but he
Will prefently follow it, and by no meanes afterward in a
whole day hazard the knocke of one blow: I w ould haue
you thus for at leaft the fpace of two or three daies to do
nothing but lead your horfe vp and downe in your hand,
majcing him one while goc fofdy, another while fwiftly,
till hee be fo perfit, that hee will amble in your hand, if it
Were an houre together, without giuing himfelfe one rap
With his fhooes, and during thofe fir ft two or three daies,
you fhall apply him in this hard leffon at leaft halfea do-
zen times a day, and when you haue made him fo pcrfite
thathee will amble by you both readily and cunningly;
then you (hall mount his backc,and ride him either in
fomefaire greene clofe, or fomc euen road way an houre
together; in all which time of riding, you fhall neither
^chocke him in the mouth, nor diftemper hisjeine, but
Carrie an euen and fweet hand vpon him , giuing him en-
couragement in allhis doings:for there is no fault which
can any way belong to his pace, which the fhoe will not
Efficiently correct and put in order. When you haue rid-
den him thus an houre in the morning,you (lull then ride
him as much in the aftemoone, and as much alfo in the e-
uenmg ₅ obferuing this order for at leaft fourc or fine
oaus together; which done,y ou fhall then take his backc

4-0 "1 he fourth is oo ke.

,, ,_ _ ._.�.i �.~~.....^~~ ,,, ._>_..,,�_,._,� --'■■' ■ . � ....-.-. . _M �i

in the morning, and ride him without either reft or cea-
fing till it be noone, and then bring him home, and if he�
hauc gone orderly, and kept his pace in fuch good and
perfitfort as you would with, without either (rumbling
or willingneffe to giue buer his pace, youfhalicaufethe
Smith to rake offthofe fhooes,$nd to fee vpon him a good
paireof ordinarie fnooes, oneiyinthewaightandmaffi-
neffe, they would be extraordinariej forxhey nrnft waigh
at lead as much as t wo pake of any common fhoe?.Wirh
thefe plaine fhooes without any pktcs,you fhall ride your
horfe at leafi a fortnight together,and then remoue them
andfet fuch fhooes as are both fit forthehorfesvfeand
irauell, without either extraordinarie weight, oranyo-
therdeuife whatfoeuer.

Now for any errors or inconueniences, which this
manner of teaching a Horfe to amble fhall bring vnto
him , there is in truth none at all: for the Rider hailing
freelibertietovfehishand,bodie,andleggesathis owns
plcafure,ifthen he commit any euill,itis his owne fault,
andnottheneceffitieofthe inftru<5tion; for there is not
any man, if heecanbutiitvponahorfesbacke, which by
this method fhal not make a horfe amble in as good man-
ncr(touching the motion of his legs) as the belt Arts ma �
fter whatfoeuer: the reafon whereof is, that the very
fhooes doe of themfclues correct all thofe vices,which in
other pra&ifes is the dutie of the horfeman to do₃ as thus
for example: if the horfe doenotftrikeoiithisfeeteashe
ought to dojbut offer to tread fhort₃the very knocks which
the plates wil giue him vpon the legs, wil put him-to fuch
painc, that he will for very feare, &toauoid the torment,
ftretchhis fectforth fo far as heis ablcthey wil alfo make
him wife his fore-fcete nimbly from the ground, and

7 he j out th ^<Boo/_s�->. a i

through their-waight and troublefomnefle make him
keepe his hinder feet clofe and neere to the earth , they
^will make him that hee fhall not ftraddle or goe too
VWde behinde, neither will they fuffcr him to goe Co
ftraight, that hee fhall bee in hazard of interfering: to
concludcthey doe as much in this worke as any man can
yvifh,andisamannerof teaching, which ifany wit can
Judge, or mine experience were worthie to perfwade, I
^ouldhauepradifcd before any other way whatfoeuer,
except it bee the tramell, which I preferre and efteeme
an ecjuallj both in vertue and goodnefi e.

Of teaching Her fa to amble hy the vfe of the
TramelU

THere will bee multitudes which will in their argu-
ments oppofethemfelues, as violently againft me
as may bee, both to condemne this which I com-
mend, and alfo to difwade men from the vfe of this pra.
&ife, which I moil allow; I doe not doubt, for 1 haue
ⁿ°t inTable or Stable difcourfes, heard any thing more
cnuaid againft, then the teaching of horfes to amble by
tnehelpeor vfe of the Tramell: fome faying it lames
^a"d ftraines horfes: fome, that it makes a horfe not take
^VPhis feete right: fome, that the pace fo giuen is not
cafie : wj^ _a _wory ₀f (_lIch like difcommendations:
r*/°}^mine owne part, I am by experience and pra-
«"e fo vndoubtedly refolucd , and know fo afluredly
the contrarie, that I can neither credk their furmifes,

4.2 y be fourth Bookf.

or lone the experiment onejotworfe, no though they
fhould beeefteemed moft approued Horfemen, from
whofe mouthcs fhould come the difcommcndations,
for [ know what error focuer happens to a Horfe by this
manner of teaching, proceedes either from the indif-
erction or ignorance of the Rider, and from no part of
the worke, if it bee truely handled \ wherefore to thofe
that will credit truth_} and obferue thofe rules which are
moft agreeable with art 6V rcafon-, I frame my difcourfe*
and to others whafcorne all guides, but the ftrength of
their owne opinions, I wifli them faue the labour of
reading this booke, which in that cafe will giue them
nofatisfacYton.Andnow to my purpofe: if at any time
you will make your horfe amble by the he-lpc of the Tra-
mell, you fhall thus doe > Take any horfe of whacage,-
conditioner qualitie focuer he be,and firft place him fa
with your hand,rfiat he may ftand iuft and euen vpon all
hisfourelegges, without putting any of them forth, or
Handing ftradlfng, or crooked v which done, you fruit'
put vpon his right fore-leg (which wee commonly call
thefarreleg) a broad peece of leather, lined fofrwith
cotten,& hailing at the one end a frnall buckle,in bredtfi
and Chape made like a pafterne, onely it muft not bee fo
thicke and ftuhborne, but fmoothc and gentle; yet verie
ftrong.Thi&peece of leather you (hall buckle about your
horfcs farre fore-legge, fon>e foure orpine fingers or
moreaboue his knee, and you (Tiallbuckle it fo gently,
that by no meanes it pinch him, or with the ftraightnes
iioppe the paffage ofthe bloud iahisveines: alfo,when
it is buckled on₃youmuft fo place ity thataftrongtour-
nellof Iron being cunningly faftned within the leather,
Hiay ftand iiiftbehinde his legge ₅ poking towards his

Thefottrth'Boo{e. 4->

liioStlcgge: this done, you {hall take another peece of
leather, made in euery proportion like to this former,
and buckle it about your horfes farre hinder legge,fome
foure inchesjor-thereabouts, abouehiscambrell, and
the iron tournell therof fhall ftand before his legge,loo -
kinp to his fore-lcgge: then you (hall take a ftrong cord
made all of haire, and fallen it to both the tournels ma-
king it by no meanes either longer or fhorter,but of the
iuft and due length which is betwixt his legges; and
then lookingvpon your worke, you (hall fee that you
hauc fo linckt his hinder leggc to his fore-legge,that the
horfe cannot poffibly put foorth hisfore-legge to goc,
but hee muft draw his hinder.legge after him. When
you haue done thus to his farre fore-le gge,and his farre
hinder-legge, then you (hall take other two pceces of
leather like the former, and another cord of haire of the
fame Iength,likethe former alfo ,and in eucry refpeft as
you haue linckt together his right legges, fo you (hall al-
folinke together his left legges, which wccallhisnarre
legges: then you (hall take a peece of garthwebbe, and
taking it faft to the midftofthe haire rope on the tarre
fi^you (hallthenbringthe garth-web ouer the horles
^backe,and make it faft to the haire rope on the narre
fideithis garth-web is but only to hold vp the cords from,
falling to^Gthe eround,or troublingthe horfe as he goeth.
N ow forafmiich as 1 cannot in words fo perfidy deienbe
this manner of tramelling as may giue fatisfaaion to
thofc which haue neuer feene it before,! thought good
ty a more liuely reprefentation of this figure to better
your knowledge in the doing it; wherefore when your
horfe is trammelled aboue the knee , hee will carry the
forme of this fipurefollowing.

⁵ Hh 4. ^Man?

44- The f urtb^Bookg.

Many I know will wonder at this manner of tramel-
li'ng a horfe abrmt the knees and houghs, becaufeithath
beene feldome or neiier vfed by any man: and for mine
ownepart I haue neuer feenc it vfed by others, but ha«c
beene induced thereunto out of mine owne reafon and
pra&ife, becaufe the faults and dangers which I can any
way behold to belong to trameiling is, if a horfe bee at
firfttramelled vndcrneath the knees and houghs, and be
of ahot & fterie fpirit, if then the Rider indifcreetly fhall
compell his horfe to goeany -thing- haftfly; or that the
horfe, out of his owne furie, will not ftay the leafure of
theman, infuchacafethe horfe may happen at the firfk
letting forth of his feetto ouerchrow himfelfe, and then
being downe, what with his firming, and the ftrencth
of hiscriiniels, ne^nis) get that mifcbiefe. which will

i he fourth ^sBoo{e* 4.5

neuer rorfake him whileft hee iuies after. This to pre-
uent,l would haue you in any cafe at the firft totramell
yoat Horfeaboiieknee, as is before fhewed you, for in
fbdooinsyou fhall eiuehis le^pes that libcrtie, lielpc
and nimblencs, that neither your owneralhues,nor the
HorfesmadneSj (lull bringhim within the compafie of
anycuiIl₃asgood proofemyour tryall fhall wm-.es.

When your Horfe is thus travelled abouc knee,
which in any cafe 1 would haue you doe, either in fome
emptie Barne, or in fomc faipegreeneClofe₅youfbaU
then as gently as you can,lead him forward,and by little
and little make him goe fatter and fafter, till you fee him
ftrikeinto afaireamble,which he cannot chufe but doe,
becaufe hisfeete are folinkt and tyed together, that hee
cannot remoue any of his fore-legges,but the hindmoft
ieggofthe fame fide muft follow it: you fhall practife
him thus,to leade and amble in your hand three or fours
times euerie day for the fpace of two orthreedaies;
then if it be in che Summer time,l would haus youturne
"im into fome Glofe, or conuenient peece of ground
(thus tramelled as is beforeCrtde) and there let him run
atgrafTe for the-fpace of a fortnight₅or three weekes,
not faiiing,buteuery day twice a day ro take him vp.and
^t!de him either vp anddowne theclofc.or in fom?-.oth«c
conuenientpeeccofground, for the fpace of.anhoure
together �, in which time you fhall fee he will get the per-
use vfe of his legges_vand the true ftroake of his amble₃ : �
Wuhouc Humbling or other manner of amazement.
Now you {hall vnderftand that this manner oftra-
fttng Horfes aboucknesbringeth one other com mo--
^Ule, and that is, it maketh a horfe to ftrctch andpuc
iOnahhis legges in large ftrides_sb_;ringingboth eafc and

4 6 The fourth Hoofe.

comelinefle to his pace, and not to twitch them vp fud-
dainely,andfetthem downeagaine, as if he did dance,
or ftood ftamping all in one place; which fault onely
proceedcsfromtramellinga horfe fomewhat too early
vnderthelcnee , and making his traracls for want of true
meafurc a little ofthe ftraighteft.

After you haue thus pra&ifed your horfe in the tra-
mels aboue the knec,and made him both through riding
and running in them at grafTe day and night, fo perhre,
that he will take his pace forward j both cunningly, and
fpeedily, you {hall then take them off, and put the lea-
thers which are vpon the fore-legges aboue the knees_tvndcr his knees about the fmall of the legs, fomc hand-
full or there-abouts aboue his neather pafterncs : and
the leathers which were aboue the houghs of his hin-
der lcgges,you dull put vnderneath his cambrels about
an handful! aboue his fetlocks; then you (hall take the
haire cords, and when the horfe ftandseuen and iuft vp-
on all his foure legges.cach legge ftanding ©ppofite and
iuft one againft another, you fhall faften them of their
true length (which is from legge to legge of a fide) vnto
the iron tournels, as was aforefaid, fo thatwhenyour
horfe is thus tramelled vnderncath the knec,he may car-
rie theproportion of this figure following.

When your horCb-is in this fort tramel led vnderneatli

^l-e knees and houghs, you fhall then in the felfefamc

fanner as you pd before; when you trameld him aboue

^rhe kr\ee₅ firft with all patience and gcntleneffe lead him

^VP and downcin your hand, making him goein-histrai

^elsj.which will at the firft bee very troublefomevnto



					I


				CLj.
	*^cThe/ourth^<Boo\*			CLj.
			V^c


		Chap. i.

0§Arnb\lnginge9tra.Uⁱ_imioftbevf�smiam. modifies thereof. ^(fe^l^ja,^ Did fome few yeares agone, pari> *^' ^ ly to giuc the world alittletafteof that knowledge, which many good Horfc-men had neglected in their writinges, and partly to flacw a long, abfent friend the remembrance of my loue₅writ a little Height Treatife ^^^^ touching the making of Horles to amble, which bccaufe I hauc found by many of my wor- thic friendes gentlie accepted, albc thebreuitic and ob- fcuritiemightweUhauebeenccontroled j I thoughtit not ami e in this booke to demonftrate the whole Art in as large and ample cara&ers as is fi; for the vnderfran- dingboth of thebcttcK f&soreduller fpim; wherefore



		* ° tht Riglit Honorable and mod Noble and mighty Lord, Thomas Ho- ward, Earlc of Armdell&nd Surrey. $Mf~^^Here is nothing (tnoft Noble And mighty Lord ) M§§! i^SM which hath more my ted me to this weary labour (w\| r ff\|! « »»-'fA / % / haue to good purpose effected) ^^i^ul ^w the grace which I^aue noted boihy ourNo- ble jelfe and other Princes of your rankejiberally bejtsvp vj>o» the Art ofHorfe wanfhip both by your ownpracJtfe andtheincouragement of other s\ -which doth not ontly affme me that no P_e«ce jbt& make the glory of War re neglecled^but doth Al[t make me hope to hue to fee in this Nation as famous a nurfjerieof Horfmenandtiorfes, as eutr hath beeneboafiedin Italy or Naples, and though my boldnefje in daring toprefmt »y ruder skill to your honorable iadgement^nayiufllybechd- lengedtobanenogarmentsbutanakedboUneffe^yet the louet tn boundtobtaretotkatmofihonorablehoufe (into whe-hyon bane now rnojlfapptly planted your felfe) I hope wllbeboth my defence flndproteclion^ by vh:eh Iknoweysu will both take delight topardon^andmy jelfe bee pi ou'd to efleemt my Jelfe jourjerttm.

			GbrvaseMarkham.



T.Q allihofe Vvhichloue their eafe Mongft all the partes or members intP which the Art oiHorf-manfhip is dcuided,thd^eis none fo generally followed, orhath got mot^eprofefTbrs to defend it then this Arte of AW bjing, and yet is there no part■■of Horfe-manfhip more mifgouernedor vildely handled by vnskil' full workemen, through whome there is not onely multitudes of Horfes ipoyled and made iuferuiceabky butalfoagreatcompa-* ny ofskilfull Horf-men which know the true vfe of Art,obfair'ci and kept vndcr by the vaine boaftes of mo ft ignorant irnpoffors, which topreucnt and that euen common fence may knoweheuV to make the befl election, I haue inthisTreatife following;, fet? downe the rules both oftrue Art and falfe praclifey reconciling them fo together with the ffrength of my beft reafons, that 1 doubt not but they will giue to any peaceable minde a full fatif- fa�tion, in which if any man finde profitc, it is the thing lonely wifli them, and if they vouchfafe me thankes, it is enough for my labour. And fo wifbing you all the eafe that can be coupled, jolabourj I leaue you to your owne thoughts of me and of my

	Farewell. G.M..

		J



		The fourth ^oo^e, \| P^ce, fo this ambling motion in his fmooth fte-aling a- way, and as it were with a foft and tender touching of . S^r°vmd, carryes his burthe away gently without fha- Wng, For as if you precifely marks a Ho.rfc whenhee ^ots vnder a man, you (hall fee that the takingvp of his kgges croffe wife, doth likewife aduancc the mans bo- «y crofTewife, as thus : The Horfe lifting from the ground his .right fore-foote, and his left hinder-foote, ^raifeth with them the mans right thigh andhis left but- tOcke^ndthenfettingthem downetogether, gities as it Were a kinds of iumpe to the mans whole body, and the higher fuch a horfe takes vp his hinder faote,the harder is his pace, for indeed it is onely the takingvp of the hin- der footc,which makes the pace hard or eafie:, whence it comes that trotting horfes which take their hinder feete gently, and but a little way from the ground,: and fo fet them downe tenderly jarecaldeafie trotting horfes : Sa ^mblinghorfes takingvp both their legges, vp together °f one fide, as the right fore-foote, and the right hinder- foote, doe in their motion not lift vp but carry as it were ^ln a direft line, the mans right thigh, and his right but- ^l0cke,and fo fetting down his feete gently, giue the man ^cwheriump nor other diftemperjbutfolowingon with j¹¹* left feet likewife, carries the mans whole body away man eeuen fraoothncs, Now when a horfeeitherfor want of true teachings by fome other natural cuftome, Jakes vp his hinder feete in his amblc,either higher then *j^e fhould doe, or fets them down harder then he (hould oocj which you fhallknow by the wauing or (baking of thenether partofhis taile(for when ahorfe goes fmooth- r^^rf?^hr^v ^his ^taile will nangftraight and comely) then lucli hoifgs arc laid to roulc in their pace₃ to be lough- an4



		q. The fourth 7$9o%e. -and vn-eafie amblers. Now for the firft originall or be- ginning of ambling, Plwie writes it came from that part of the coaft oiSpaine, which wee cali Galuta, where (faith he) Hories doe amble natura!ly,and that other men and other Nations from the imroitation of them (finding the commoditie of fuch eafe in long and teadious iour- nies) began the prattife of compelling Horfes to amble withacertainedeuife made ofcordes and lines fettled and bound about horfesfcetrfrom whence Jgatherthis, that doubtles the Trameltof which I am to fpeake more largely hereafter, was the firft and moftauncienteft in- uencion that euer wasfound out far the making of hor- fes to amblejand what other deuifes or witty fecondings haue fincethole times rfTued fro mens braincs or labors^ to bring this worke to pafTc by any other method, I veri- ly imagine to haue their beginnings from this,as the ve- ry foimtaine from whence other men draw their riuers. Now thatthehorfesof' Gdteh doc naturally amble, or that any other horfe whatfoeuer doth naturally am- ble, asln my former fmallrrcatife, fo in this I differ in the opinion^and thinkc as therein I manifeft,that where Foales amble, there is either fome imperfection of ftrength, or fome cafuall mifchance,which did alter the firft determination of nature : For it is moft eertainc, that what Horfe focuer doth amble of himfelfe without either inftru&ion or compulfion, hath cither weakenes inhisbody,orimperfe�tion inhisfpirit; fo that wan- ting either abilitie to raife his body aloft forciblie, or fpif it to thruft out his natural pride gallantly,heis forcd to bring his feete to this fmooth and humble paffage. Now of ambles there bee two forts,a thorow amble, and abroken amble, or aceicaine arable, and incerraine amble,



		The fourth ^cBooke. 5 ^amble,the thorow or certaine amble is that whiehis contained in thor©w and certaine ftrides , where the horfe paflfes his feete forth at the length fmoothly, cer- tainely _s and with deliberation in fhort (pace, and with few paces paffingouer a good quantitie of ground, car- rying his burthen iuft, eucn, and without trouble; and this amble is that which appertaines both to thofe hor- fes which we call naturall amblers, andtothofe horfes which being of coole and temperate difpofitions, are by arte and induftrie brought to bee more perfect in am- bling, then thofe which we fay haue it by nature. The broken or incertaine amble, is that which is contained within the compafle of the felfe fame moti- on that the certaine amble is; onely it is done in fhort, quicke, and bufie ftrides, a horfe taking vp his feet both of one fide fothicke and rouddly together, that a mans cyecannotfayj that his fcete are downe, before they ocevp againc,withmany fteppes,and in a long time go- ing but a little way, which of fome Horfemen is called ^aTraine, orRacke, and itisneuerto be feenc either in Foalcs, vnridden Horfes, or Horfes that are of any ^cooleneffeorfobrietiein iourncying: but forthemoft Part it is euer in hot frantickefmallNaggs, which trot- ting exceeding well, are compelled to amble by fome diforderly eompulfibn. It many times comes to Hor- fes by ouer-ridingthemjfo that through wearineffe,noc being able to aduance theirbodies To luftily as in their beftftrcngth, they come to this ftuiflingand broken in- certaine pace, which is neither amble nor trot, buta mixture of both, as taking his time keeping from trot- ting ; and his motion of legges from ambling, and fo compound this which is called aTraine or Racking. Ff Now



		6 ^SZ he fourth 'Boo\e. Now for the horfe of Galicia, that they are more fub" ie$ to this pace of ambling then any other horfes bred in Spnins₃ I amcafily induced to beleeueit, becaufeit being the coldeft, and moft barraineftpartof that con' tinentj miiftby good confequence bring the weaker! and wooii\ Horfes,fo that wanting both the heat of the Sunn'e,and the nourifhing benefits which other races haue, put of their want of ftr.engch they fall to the pace of ambling: and this befides we know by experience, that euen the belt bred linnets in all $fat#e haue thofe weaknetfes ofioynts and members, that a man (hall not- fee one amongft ten, but is inclinedeithertoatraine or amble, And yet for mine own part,fhould lhaue writ- ten of the originall of [ambling, I fnotild as foone haue taken this Empire ofGvcatBritaweiov&n example,asa- ny part o{ Spume or Galicia., holdings that fure it is with vs as ancient as the vfe ofqraii-etlior the firft knowledge of the firft.Engliih Gelding, which Geldings Wee finde more naturally addicted to.ambling then any ftonde Horfe whadoeuer, which 1 take tp proceede either from the impediment of their fores when they are firft gelt, or elfefromthecoolenefleof their natures when thpfe in.ftrum.cnts of heate and luft are taken from them. Now for the vfe of this pace, it is onely for long iour- niesjwhereeither oiu aeccfTariebufineffc, or feruice to the State-,or any other particular affaire calles vs foorth into the world, and makes vs change our domefticali quiet, for i.iuch labour and toyle intrauell. Now for the commoditie thereof ^t is the cafe of our bodic s, prcferuing vs from aches, conuulfions, chol- licks, galling?, and fuch like torments; it is a rnaintai- ner



The fourth TSooke. 7 nerofourheaiths7by helping vsto vfe the beft exer- cifc with fufferance and moderation i it is the beft pre- ferucr ©four eftates in this world making vs follow our. ovvne affayres with our ownediligence, andnothkc men imprifoned, totruftto halfe-fpeaking Sohcitcrs. To conclude,takc away the ambling Horfc, and take a- >vay the olde man, the rich man, the weake man s nay, generally all mens trauels �: for Coaches are but for Streets/and Carts can hardly pattern Winter. And thus much for the generalitie of ambhng,and the pronf.

			-

		C HAP. 2. ■ ----------------------!-----------�

	Whymleswhle from tkcirDammes, and bow t» tttnke them Ambitif'tht) dnnou TH E rcafons why aFoalc may ambic,whcn it fucks vpon the Damme, or that the Hrft pace which it is ieene to tread may bee an amble, are many and di- ners, befides thofc which I haue repeated in xnyimall Treatifc, as namely, weakeneffes fpringing from the firft eeneration, 6r conception; oreliemifchancesin foaling: aswhenaFoalcfallesin hollow ground, vn- eucn ditches , or fuchHke'vilde places , where the Foale ftriuine to. get vpon the feete, but cannot, aocli beateit felfeinto fuch^eaknerTc, that when it is got vppon the feete, and Oiould goe , it is not able to "ott , but cueii through extreamc faintneffe .ihitce* las feete into the pace, of ambling. Befides.th^fe*, (as I fayde ) there are other more ftrong oaufes ofc Foales arabline 'as namely , if a Foale bee foaled " F f 2 ^vvlt"¹



		8 ^Ihe fourth Boo{e. with weaken oofes, fo that when it comes to ftandvp- onthefeete, the cronetsofthe hoofes do fitvke in ward and are paipefuHtotbc Foales going. In this cafe the griefeofthe hoofes kecpethcFoale that it cannot trot, but isforc'd for eafe fake to alter the naturallpace, and to amble. This weakneffe of the hoofes you may plain* Iydifcerne, both by the faflsion of the hoofe, which will bee flatte and thlnnc , and alfo by the cronet of the hoofe, which will not bee fwelhng outward as it fhould bee, but flat and funke inward, without a- nyfemblance: and thefe Horfes for the molt part doc feldomeliue long, nor haue many good conditions: smother reafon there is for the ambling of foales, and that is, if any man fhall come to the Mare when fhee hath new foaled, and fcarring the Mare, make the foalc dart vpon it feetc before it bee lickt ouer, or that the folesofthe hoofes are hardned: if this happen, it is inoftcertaine thatthefoale will not trot, but prefently falles to amble: from thefe and fuch like occafions hath fprung the opinion that foales naturally dae amble, and owners not feeing them haue any other paces, ftrongly imagine thatambling is the childe of nature, when in- deedeitisthebaftard/begot bymifchance and weak- nefTe. But if it bee fo, that for as much as thofe amblers which thus doe amble cuen from the wombc of their Dammes, are euer the pcrfitteft, fwifteft, and moft certaineft in their pace, as hardly knowing, at lead lieucrvfing any other motion.If it be your defire to haue your foales to amble thus vnder their Dammes,albe for iriineownepart I haue little fancie or liking therein, ^et it is to bee done three feucrall waics : thefirft



		The fourth ⁽Boo^e. 9 and bcft is -> if you take a Foale when it is two or three �dayesolde, and that you fee it trottcth perfedly, and "With a fine fharpe Butteris or pairing knife , pare the hoofe of the Foale fo thinne as may be, fo that it cannot treadevpon the ground, but with much forenefle, and then put it to the Dam againe, and you (hall fee it pre- sently through the tenderneffc of the feete, refute to ^ot, and inffantlyftrike into an amble. And if after the hardningof thehoofes , youfinde that out of fpirit and courage it fall to trot againe, then youfhallpare thehoofes againe, andfo in fhort time you fhall fee it will vtterly forget trotting. Thefecond way,butfome- Whatworfeto make aFoale amble, istotakefoftlinnen ragges, and therewithal! to garter vp the Foales hinder legges,threefiDgersaboucthe cambrell, butnotto doe itveryftraight, andfotoletit run a weeke ortendaies, in which fpacc it is moftcertaine the Foale will fall to ^a readie amble; which as fooneas hec doth, you fhall ■�immediately vngarter his legges: for thevfe of the gar- ters is^ but onely to bring him to the alteration of his P^ace. The third way, and worft way, is to watch the Mare when fhee is in foaling, as foone as the hath lickt Mb and done her office, you fhall goe vnto the Foale,and ueforeitbeabletoarifefromtheground,you fhall with yoiir hands raifevp the hinder parts from the ground, taking it ftandvpon the hinder feete, andkneelevpon the fore knees, andfo ftaying it by the hinder loynes, compcll it to rife vp before, as for the moft part Oxen and King doe : and if a man will put any truft in antiqui- ty tnisn^mnerofrayfing a Foale firfi from the ground will make it amble; and for mine owne part, though I naue been too fcripulous to approue it, yet fuch ftrong Ff 3 rcafons



		I o 7 he fourth "Bookie. reafonstogouerne me, that I doe beleeue it is-mod poflflble, and as likely as either of the former which I haue experienced, Now although thefe three feitcral praclifes wil bring toeffccT: the thing you looke for, yet each of them hath their feuerall ends, and doe many times create rhofe mifchiefes which doe exceede and blemifhthevertues for which they were firft put intovfe, except there bee fuch Arte, ludgement, and difcrerion mixt with the praftife, as may both warrant and defend it from fol- lowingeuils: asfir(t,the paringof aFoales hoofesfa young, and bringing himto fuch atenderneflc of trea- ding, makes him euer after whilfl: he is a horfe, foft foo- ted; and when he comes to tread vpon ftonie or hard' g.rotind,you (hall fee himfhapper,and many times tread^-ye to falfe; onely out of the tickle and quicke feeling of his feete, befides, the paring a hoofc fo young makes ic growthicke and flat, Co that when the Foale comes to be a horfe,hee will neither beare his fhooes fo well as o- therwife hee would haue done, but a'fo bee much more apt to heat,.furbate,or founder with fleight tratiell. Nowforthe.fecondprac~tife, which is the gartering vp of his binder legs, that will make a foale haue thicke andfoulecambrels, infomuch that his ioynts wiliap- peare.gowtie and vnfuteable, efpecially if you garter a- ny thing too {trait, it is fomewhat dangerous-for the brcedingof bloud fpauens in Foales, becaufe the blond � B.eiiigftoptfomany daies together within the veanes, doth many times corrupt & take part with other grofTe ■ humors, which arethecaufes of thatforance. Laftly, (and which is the w or ft fault of all) the ambling pace' yvhichisgqc by this experience is nothing comefy to- the..



		The fourth ^<Boo{e. \\ the eye, (albeit often falls out to bee mod eafie) for the gathering of the foales legges makes it cramble with the hinder parts , and goe both crookedly and llfa- uourcdly. Now for the laftpraaife, which is the rayfmgvpota roalefirftbehindewhenitisnewfalne_sbefidesthat,itis not decent to handleor meddle with fuch young crea- tures,tilltheir Dams haue ^charged their kindnefies, and that they haue taken naturalland orderly Ihfning; It is with Horfemcn held both vnwholfome and dange- rous to the life oftheFoalc; for it is moftcertaine_sthaT the compulfion which is therein vfed, brings the f oak toamoftextraordinarieweakneffeand faintnefie, from whence, and from no other fecret, proceeds the altera- tion of the pace: wherefore fince there are thus many dangers in thefe two earely tryallsjand that the working of thefc finglc benefits in foales, may lofe all the future hopes and feruiccs which a man expeds when they cometobeehorfesilwould for mine owne part wiln all Gentlemen, how much foeuer they are naturally in- clined to their owne eafe, to omit and let pane this pra- clifingopon foales (except it bee atiomefpeciallnme, when, for the bettering of their knowledges, they will try the examples of their reading)and onely toputin vfcthofepraaifes which are fit for the horfes ot eldec aee,as foure, fiuc, fixe, or feauen, which hauing both fkencth and power toperforme,andabihueof bodic and member to endure the vttermoft which Art canm- uenttoimpofevponthem,tracemorcworthyofyour labour,andmoreneereto yourpreientfermce: andot them I pur ook wholly to intreat hereafter. ^t Ff 4 �BA"' 3«



	11 ihe fourth &oo{e.

		CHAP, 3.

How to tench a tiorfe to amble by the helpe of a new flowdefieU^ and thefault* therein. THere both haue beene and are many queftions rai- led (not byhorfcmen, for they know the truth of Arte, but by fuch as beare the falfe fhapes of horfemen, as amblers,commonhorfebrcakers,(alike in , qualitie to Mountebanks and Horfc coffers) couching, themakingof horfes to amble, fome inuaying againft onepraclife, fome againft another, neuer contented with any one certainty, but with that which cither they haue moft vfed, or is laft in learning, {o chat to reco ncilc them, and bringthemtoanvnirie, both in art and opi- nion, were alabourteadious and infinite, neither will I fpend mine houres fo vrjprontably: yet it is moft certain, thereisbutonetruth_sandonetrue way to hit themarke wefhooteat, which becauie my knowledge fhall nei- ther be a judgement nor Oracle, I will not fo much ar- rogate to fay, this is it; but vnfold at large all the feue- rall praclifes which either myfclfe haue expericnced,or elfe noted in other mens labours, together with fuch er- rors as purfue and follow euery fuch method, fo that e- tiery ripeand induftrioiis braine, may by comparing the fruits and faults together, eafilie iudge which practife deferues the beft entertainment, and is moft worthy a popular imitation; wherefore to begin with the man- ner ofmaking horfesto amble,the firft way that I found, whichcarryedin it any fubftantiall ground of reafon, was



		The fourth T>oo{e. 13 vvas to make a horfc amble with the helpe of anew deepe plo«vd field, where a horfes legges might finke deepc into the earth, and make his labour painiull: and it is to be done in this fort: You fhallfirft put into your horfes mouth (if it bee tender and good) a Snaffle, very round, mioothe,andfull,ofa(izefomewhat bigger then an ordinarietrauelHng (ruffle, and with that ride your horfc into fome deepe new piowd field-, all the way as you ride into the field, notfufferingyourhodetotroc, but rather to goe foot-pace. Adioyning ro this field you fhaUha'iejeither fome fairc Hie-way.or elfc fome plaine greeneMeare; and then being vpon the Hie-way, you fhallpluckevp your bridle with both your hands, fo that your Snaffle may not reft vpon his chap , butvpon the weekes of his month, and then fpurring him gently forward, fee if he will alter his pace , which if hee will not (as it is mod likely) you (hall thenthruft him vpon the deepe Lands, and there you frull toyle him vp and downe for a quarter of an houre, in as fwift a foot pace ^as you cat* make him goe, differing him not by any nieanestotrot, although heebe neucrfohaftie,nor la- fJourino much to make him amble, though you fhould findchmi wiilingly inclyned thereunto, butonely kee- ping him to the height of his foot pace, and bearing your bridle reine aloft, as was before told you. After you haue thus toylcd him a pretty while vpon the lands, , you fhalthenbringhimflothehie-wayagainc,andthen, approueto make him amble by holding vp your bridle band, carrying the reynes thereof ftraight, and by hel- ping him with the calues of your legges, one after ano- ther, and fomtimes with your (purres oneafrer another alio : as thus j if when he begins to breaks and alter his pace.



		14. ^cIbe fourth "Boofe. pace, hee giuc. you now and then a little iumpe vpon your right buttocke as hee goes, then youraayknpwe thathetreades falfe with bis right hinder legge, fothac thenyou fhall giue him either the calue ofyour right legge or yourrightfpurre hard to his fidej but if hee doe the like with -his left hinder foote, then you fhall giue him the helpe and correction vpon the left fide:-: for you muftknowe that in Ambling it is eucr thchin- der foote, and not the fore-foote which trcadcth falfe, and if you doe but precifely snarke of which ofyour butrockes, or of which fide ofyour body you feele the moft fhaking or jogging, you fhall eafilie perceitie which foote treadcsamhTe, and therefore, it is nccefTa- rie that before you take vpon you, to teach Horfes to amblc.you befo well experiencd in the knowledge and feeling ofthe pace, that you may at the fir/tapprehend theleaftilep that your Horfecan treadeamifTe. After you haue thus the fecond time approu'd your horfe vp- on thehie-way, if yet notwithstanding hee will notfall to any Arable, you fhall than labour him againc vpon the deepe landes, in the fame manner as you did before, onely inafwiftfoote-pace, and thus continue from the landes to the hie-way, and from the hie-way to the landes, without ceafing, or giuing any reft till what through his wearinelfe, and what through the reftraint and helpe ofyour band, hee in the end breakehis pace, and begimie to ftrike an amble, which as foone as hee dooth, you fhall chcriih him therein ,andfofaireand fofdyride him home, giue him fomeprouender,and let him reft three or fourehoures : then take him foorth againc, and if you finde him any thing vntoward, or forgetfull of what hee laft learned, you fhall then in the fame



	1 be fourth ^Booke. v

1-imc manner, and with the fame labour, pracrife him a- �aine,tiHyou makehim doefomewhat more, andfom- vWiat better then hee did at the fir ft" teaching, and then ride him home againe. In this manner you fhallexercife your Horfe, at leaft thrice a day, till you haue brought him that hee will ftrike out his Amble truely and freely, which beleeueit hee will very fuddainly doe, becaufe (for mine owae P^art) I haue neither fecne, nor in mine ovvnepraftife round any Horfe which this manner of labour would notbring to ftrike a- faire amble inleflethen anhoure and ahaifes trouble, the toyling vpon the landes , and the temper of your hand, which neither reftraincshim' fo much that hee can ftand ftill, or vfediforder, nor gl- uing him fomuchlibertie that hee may trott or gallop, breeding fuch a confufed amazement in his minde,that he can fmde no way to eale bknfelfc, but by the alterati- on of his pace. Now whereas the-principall refpecVa man is to haue ^ln teaching Horfes to amble, is that they ftrike their hin- derfeete home, rather halfea fooreouer,thenhalfean ^!nchfh_orL of their forc-feete j this manner of reaching ^°thp_Crforme it without any trouble or toyle of the Ry- «er, becaufe the -Horfe being brought to his amble out ©iafoote-pace/needooth euer ftrike out his feere to the vttermofti_en2t\|_l5 and begins his amble in the longed terides that may be. Alio rhiskin'de of ihitriicti'on hath «o nccde ofmaffieor beany fhooes-,to-bringdowne the binder feete , but the very toyle in his foot-pace vpon ^e ^c^^ecpe_iearth, is as fumcieot as any poyfe or waight a man can denife for the purpofe. ^ all theieuerail wayes to make- a Horfe amble

		with



		16 The fourth 'Boolf. with the hand onely, there is none in my conceit lb ab- solutely praifc-worthie as this : both becanfe it deli- uers the pace in eaficft and beft manner, which is out of a foot pace, and alfo is gouerned and accompanied withfo many feueralcorrc(5tJons,thatahoriecannotio foonecrre, as eucn the ground oh which heetrcades (which is deepe plowed lands) and the paine of his owne motions whenhisfeete are mifplaced, will giue him no^jceand helpe foramendmentj infomuch,that had not mine experience waded into fbme better tryals, furely I fhould giue this method the onely precedencie and fupcrioritiej but fo it is, that as it hath in it good fhow and ground of reafon; foit hath alfo many errors andinconueniences depending vpon it, which doeth blemifh much of the better perfection: as firft, the car- riage ofthe hand, which gouerneth the whole mouth by theleaft arid worft part of the mouth , which is the weekes onely, doth pull the.beft (etled reyne that is, quite out of order,and brings a horie to the putting out of his nofe, a gaping with his mouth , and fuch a gene- rail incertaintie oiier all hisbodie, thatalbe you Bring him to the end you defire, which is to amble, ycthee doth by the maner thereof lofe fo much beautie, grace, and other more carefull perfe&ions, that a Horfeman willeuenbc afharned of his labour. Againe,ifthehorfe be young and vnwayed that is thus taught, the very toy - ling him vpon the deep lands, will bring him to a weak« neffein his limbs, to a faintnefTe and difpairc in labour ; and infteadofthofe incouragements which his youth and ignorance fhould haue giuen him, he recciues fuch diftaft and griefe,that he will be worfe for trauell whilft he lines after: yet 1 know this maner of teaching horfes to



		The fourth ⁽Boo{e. 17 *- 1 .. 1 �-�.----------------------------------------------------------~~......�~~ ■■ ■ ■ ��---------------------------------------------------------.�. to amble, is praftifed by diuersmenofthebcftfamein this Art, with whome I haue for mine vnderftanding many times argued, and though they haue beene out of their long praftife onely addi&edto this rule and none other, yet could they not deny the ineonueniences �, but haue beene faine to flop my difcourfe with this addage; That there is no profite without difcommodity: and he thatwillhaue hishorfeamble, muft indure the ineon- ueniences which follow ambling i but haue efteemed iheiranfwereslike their Artes,thatis, to beemeercde- ceites_sFallaces,and Sophistications.

			Cha?. 4. Of making _A Horfe Amhle from hh Gtfofr or hy otterriding, FRom this former pra&ife of the plow'd landes ( ac- cording to my imagination) I thinkehathfprung vp this fecond pra&ife of making a Horfe amble from his gallop, which is deriued from felfc like vio- lence , though in another faibion: for the firft doth but bring him to his amble by toyling him in his flowed pace, and this by amazing him in his fwifteft j and it is to be done after this manner. Youfhailfirft ride yourHotfe intofomepeeceofaf- cending ground,1 doe not naeane againft the fide of any fteepc hilljor vponany hanging ground, but vpon fuch ground as is onely rifing apparently to the eye,,and no more; then putting your Horfe into a leafurely gallop for fomc twenty or thirty yardes, you fhall-vpbnthe (uddaia-



		m___________________ I Hill .....■ ■� I - _.~ -----------------------■--------^-----------��^ 17 I be fourth "Boo^e. Hidden by gkiing him a hard chock or two in the weeks of his mouth, not make him ftoppe,but at firftasit were in a confufed manner, make him leauc off his gal- loppe, and fhuffle his legs difordcrly together (which naturally cucry horfc will doe) and fo by giuing him ma- ny ofthofe chocks and breakings off, you dial in the end feele him ftrike a ftroake or two of a perfit amble, which asfooneasyoufeele, you fhall prefently hold your bri- dle hand ftraight, and putting him forward with the helpe of your legs ,or with your fpurres,keepe him vnto that pace as long as you can, fpurring himfomewhat hardvpon that fide ofwhichyou fhal feele him to tread faife, which is cuer that which fhakes your body mofl: but when you feele him in defpite both of your helpes and of your corre&ions, wilfully giuc ouer his am- ble, and that hee will continue it no longer, you fhall then put him into his galloppe againe , and as you did before, fo you fhall againe the fecond time chockc him in the mouth,and fo bring him to his amble againe. This you fhall doe fo off, till your Horfe come to the perfit vnderftanding of your minde,and that he knowes all his eorretlionsjlabours and tormentsoncly proceed from the handling of his feete, contrarie to yeur difpo- fition, which knowledge you fhall eafily bring vnto by makinga difference betwixt his well doing, and euildo- iag,withcherrifhings and punifhings, neither anima- ting hira when hee errcs, nor correcting him when hee doth as you would defire,which obferuation will fo for- tifiehim, that through delight and feare, he will whol- ly frame his a&ions and motions accordingto your will and Arte in riding. Now when you haue thus by hourclyandinceffant labour₃


		Iflj

	1 be fourth "Booke. iS

labour, brought your horfe by little and little , as from °nefteptotwo, from two to three, and from three'to ">ure,to fuch perntncflc,that he will amble fome twelue °r twentic fcore yards vpon plaine ground well and tru- ^lf, then you (hall onely by exercife and riding him e- uery day more and more, and putting him euery day to grounds of more insertaintie and roughnes; In the'end make him fo cunning andperflt, that no ground or hie- Way will be too difficult for him to tread vpon: and truly, rlr¹ n^mUCh ^l ^muft ^fay ^for ^Ambling>^that ^as ^ic i^s ^a motion- pi all motions moft eafie to be taught vnto any horfc,fo " is the harden: of all other lelfons to bee confirmed and made of continuance in any horfe whatfoeuer, except Were bee a certaine naturall inclination in the horfe fet- led and adidted to the pace of ambling_ybefore the begin- ning ot your labour, whence it comes, that many ofour fc°r\|e amblers will make any horfe amble for A fmali road, or the length of a Faire or Market;yetwhenhec omes to incertame waies,or long iournics,thcn he is as arreto leekcinhis eafiepace as if heehad neuer beene ^a«ghtthe.Motion;whcrfore mineaduke is, when you an"² ^b^owS^ht y°^ur ^horfc ^th»^s fwm his gallop, toftrikc "^a«nble(whichcuco natureit felf dnues him into) that /■ ^u ocnottoohafty either to-put him vnto foule,durty,. that?"⁵¹}^Waie�' ^&t* ^by ^ioun>eying to ouer-toylc himin andI' r ^butnewly^iearnt₅ till by former exercife, abl ^mCrca"ⁿS by degrees, you findehim both apt and e to pcrforme as much as you (hall-put vnto him. dry of V^cthod.pf teaching I hauefeen purfued by (a*-. indefe ^r?^feffi°ⁿ⁵ ^and ^nauchcarc3 many arguments but form- "» ^ag^ainftother manner of inftruaions: "tiormmeowne _Part₃ Ithinkeofit aslthinkeof the. former.



		2 o The fourth ^Booke. former, that the toyleis vnorderly,thevnderftanding thereofthruft into a Horfe barbaroufly, and the good effe&s, which itfhouldworkc,arebothincertaineand voyde ofcontinuance; it doth ,as the method before de- scribed doth; thatisjmarre the Horfes mouth, diforder his reyne, and takes from him all the beauties of a good countenance, it puts a Horfein great dangerCf oner- reaching, and ftriking onefoote vpon another, from whence many times comes Quitter-boues^Crovpne-Jcabbes and fuch like forances, which are euertobeauoyded, where there is a better way to compafle that which wee labour for. To this manner of teaching- Horfes to Amble I may very well ioyne another,which many yearcs agone I faw practifed by a JW///5Ryder, whome then (in my firft beginning) I had heard great commendations of for this Art; fo that when I found him curious to fhow me his skill, I hauc watch'd and dogd him in priuatc to take notes from his ryding; and I found his order to make a Horfe amble was, firft to ride his horfc into fome deepe new plow'd field,and there to gallop him vp and downe tillthe Horfe for wantofwinde was not able to gallop any longer, then to giue him breath, and fo to gallop him againc till hee found the horfe grow faint, and then to bring him from the landes, and fome eeiien faire way to put him to amble, by the ftraitning his bridle hand, and holding vp his head aloft, fo that the Horfe might not well fee the way before him. The wcarines hee had formerly brought the horfe vnto, vpon the deepe lands, would make him vnwilling to trot, the ftraitning of his head,and putting him forward with hisfpurres, would thruft him fafter forward then foote-pace, and the want ' of



		The fourth 'Boofa 11 °f feeing this way, would make him take vp his forefeet Jn fuch a fafhion, that heecoufd well vndercakc no pace out ambling: this I haue (bene him do twice,and lome- times thrice a day, (o that what horfe foeuer hee began Withall in the morning,hee would eucr make amble be- fore night, by which meanes hee got much fame aaJ wealth -. but for mine ownepart, although I know there is nothing brings a horfe fooner to amble then weari- neflfeandouer-riding; yet thatitfhouldbemyprac'tife. to inftrud horfes by fuch a rule, I cannot but infinitely diflikeit, and it needcs no further difcommendations then the bare title it moft properly beares, which is to make horfes amble by oner-riding them; and furely I thinke it was firll found out, eicher by fome chollericke pcrfon, who feeking to make his horfe amble by one of the former rulcs,and finding him not at the fir ft da(h to anfwere his expectation, hath prefently out of his furic falncto fpurreandgalloppehim whilft he could ftand, and fo almoft tiring his horfe, hath vpon his wcarinefTe (as all horfes are) found hima great deale more willing to amble: or elfe it hath proceeded from fuch a one, Who riding fome long iourncyvpon a trotting horfe in hard waies hath whe the horfe was weary(as it is the pro ;perty of al horfes jfound him of his own accord alter his Pace 5c fai to plain amblingvbut whofoeuer,or howfoe- ^l,er it was found out^for mine owne part I cannot eit!\er ^comcnd,or g_me _ai₀ _wance vnto it,only for your fatisfa- ^tiondelm_er the manertherof,that when your own de- fire fhal take fro you the beleefe of reaf >n,you may then out ofyourownexpcricce,euheralowordifal 'wwhat h ^i" k^ ^Decne dilated vnto you. And thus much for this kmd_c ₀f arnblincr vvhich proceedes from the worft violence. ^a <j._g cHAP.^*



			22 . V he fourth Bo'ik$ _�,----------------------------,----------^------------- CIlAP. 5. \ \

		How to makeHorfes to ttmblebythe vfecf Watzhts. NOT farre different in nature, though much more temperate in qualitie, is this manner of teaching Horfcs to amble by the vfe of poife or waightJfor albc it do not weark a horfe in bodily labour, yet it wea- kens and makes feeblehis members by fuffering an ex- tremitie greater then his ftrengtfi is able to contend with : for if his burthen bee kept within the abilitie of his power, then it works no new thing, butkeepes him ftill in the ftate of his firft creation, whence it comes to paflfe,thatifyou willmakeahorfeambleby waight,ey- thcrthatwaightmuftexceede in mafllnes, or trouble- fomnefle_>.orelfcno.m.occpreuaiIe, thenif fueh waiglit were not vfed at all. This manner ofarnbNngisvery generally vfedinthis kingdom hyfundryprofeiIors,yet not al ofonefafhion; but according to the humors or inuentionSjfo the man- ner thereof doth alter: fori haue feerce one horfman bring his horfe to amble by waight after this manner : hehathfirftcaufedtobeecaft in the fafhion and com- paffe of a paftcrne, great rowles or wreathes of Lead, of thewaight of fome fixe pound a peece, and lapping shem in lifts and wollen cloth _> hath made them fafta- boutthene3thermoftioynts or pafternesof the horfes hinderlegges, and then riding the horfe abroad, haue (Vvith the helpe of their bridle hand, as is explain'd ia .%rmer Chapters, tridc to alter the Horfes pacej



		2 4. 1 he fourth liooke. then ncedeth lirclc or no Arteto bcvfcd in this manner of teaching, more then to haue.this diferetion, that though the waight be more then the horfe with conuc ntencccan beare, yefnottobefomuch as to bruifehis limbes^ albc-.fuch mifchiefcs oft (pring from fuch teach- ing : you mud alio when yau teach a horfe thus to am- ble by waight, let him haue very little reft, but be riding ; and exerciftnghim euery houre, or once in two houres �■ at thefurtheft, and as he becomes perfir in his pace , fa by degrees t© make his burthen lelleand Icffe,till he will amble verie readily without anymore waight then the Rider only, and then by little and little to traine himvp- on rough and vncertainc waits, as fbmtimes vp the hill, fometimes downe, fbmetimes oreth wart lands, or ouer alyes or dry furrowes: and when he knowes how to take his way vpon fueh vneuennesjthen yo« may prefiimc his cunning is fuffieieiit/This manner of teaching a horfe to amble, is both eafie andcertainer yet in my iudgemcnc not of fuch value as is worthie of any painfull imitation, beeaufe the dangers and ineonuenicuces wfiich doe at- tend it are more then may bee tollerated in fofmaUa be- nefite: for flrft, befidesthe manner of the toile which is vpondeepe lands, and fo hath all the mifchiefes which are formerly fpoken of,.rhe waights alfo which are to be borne vpon the hinder pafternes, doe not only beat and bruife the flnewes in thofe parts, but alfo vponthe leaft fllppe or falfe treading, doe hazard thofe ftraines which are feldome or neuer eured.Then for the waights which are to be laid vpon his backe, which mufi fo farre exceed astoalterahorfcspace, a man flaall hardliccarry that temper cither of Judgement or hand, as topoiiehimto a due proportion^ and then if heeexceedc, heccyther brakes



		The fourth "Book^. 25 breakesthebacke,fwaies theback, or bringes him to the confumptionofthebacke, and if hee make it but a little too light ,hee either waftes his labour to fmaUpurpofe, °r el(e bringes tothepaceahaciingjand^ncomelinGfTe, boweuer,thisiscertaine, that a horfe which is trayned to his amble by weight,hath eucr for the moft part dan- ger or difordcr brought to his hinder partes; befides the horfe that is thus to be trayned,muft bee of fuch a colde and frozen nature, that he will neither ftart at boggard, ftirre with the fpurre, or bee troubled with any paffion; for if hee fh.all, there is not then theleaft affright which Will not put him to the hazard of much mifchiefe : and if a horfe fhall but get the fmalleft cricke in his backe, ic is a gri.efe that will trouble thebeft Farrier to know how jo amend it, and for the moft part they are mifchiefes Which I haue feene feldome repaired. N o w for the taking away the tendernes and conftan- cy of his mouthjthc fpoyling of his reync, and the beau- ty of his coticenance,they be fo generall bothin this,and almoft all other courfes, which are to inake horfes am' blejthat imay very well fpare fpeaking of their loffe, becaufe it is moft commonly the firft worke Amblers goe about to depriue their Horfes of thofc good vcr- tucs, Nowe laftly the labour which a man muil take in this Planner of teaching is fo infinite andincciTant,thatit both robbes a man of the delight hee fhould inioy after bis wiUi i_s effected, and aifo depriueshim of much hope ky taking him difpaire in fo endlefle a labour ; to which I may _adde this mifchiefe, the worft of all other, that! haue notknowne more good horfes fpoyl'd and ^madcutterly inferuiceable by any wilfullcourfewhatfo- Gg 3 ' c«cr₅



			16, lhefourth^cBoo{e.
		_f ____________ ________ » v euer, then by this prefcript cruell method of maW horfc aablc by weight, and the former iotollcrablt
	labours.

				CHAP. 6.

SOme horfemen who fiauc becne ofmore temperate and milde difpofitions,hauing feeoe horfes brought to amble by the rules before defcribed j and noting the tyranic of the man in tormenting abeafi that is ereX ted for his vfe/eruice,&famiIiaririe,worfethen a rauc- nousmon{tcror.animpoyfoning.Serpcnt₃haue out of their milder cogitationsfoundoutanotherwaytomake thenwrnblo^ which though it befomewhatpainefull to the man, yet it is nothing fo cruell to the beaftj and that as, .farft to. make them amble out,of hand,by which I meane that a horfc fhall be brought to amble perfidy of himfelfc, without either.carrying the man vpon his backe^hauinganyefpcciallvfeof the mans hand in < his amWK)g,tt might more properly be called, Ambling in the hand, becaufe the horfc is brought thereunto as the man leads him in his-hand, andnot rides him; after this manner: Firft you fhall take your horie in a bridle and lead him alongft fome ftraight wall, and ioyniai the horfes (ide th ereunto, you fhall place your owne bo- dicclofetothefhoulder of thchorfc which is. from the wall thatyou may,whetherhee will orno, hold him vp an aftraight furrow: then with your rod, turned backe- ^rd in your hand,fd that, it may.rcach to his buttockc*



		*The fourth'Boofy.]* 27 you fhall iert and force him Forward, and in the very in- ftant that the horfepreffes forward, you (hall with that hand which is vpon the bridle, giue him a good chocke in the mouth,that you may make him ftammer₃& (hufflc his legs confufedlytogctherj & then prefently cafe your handagaincj fo that hee may neither ftand ftilI,norgoc backward, but ftill keepe his way forward, and at ewery two Peps to giue him a chocke or two in the mouth to make him (huffte his legs.til you pcrceiuehimto take vp two legs of a fidetogethcr, and then prefently to chcrifh him,& then to exercife him again after the fame maner, till you haue made him to ftrike twoorthreeftrokesof his amble together,and then you foalcherifhhim more then before. And thus youfhall continucto doe,till you hauegiuen him a pcrfit vnderftanding of your minde, and that he may with afliiraneeperceiue wherefore he* is corredted, and wherefore he is cherifhed. You (hall, duringthis maner ofreaching,by no means fufferhimto trot: butifpcrforcehewill,andthatatfirft you cannot keepe him from trotting(as it is very hard its the beginning) you (hall then eueryftroke that he trot- teth, turne your bodie about, and with your rod giue him a good icrt or two-oner the hinder houghes,and vo- der the bellie,bcciu{e it is euer his hinder parts which tread falfe in ambling; arid then fall to your bufinefle a- gaine. After this manner you {hall be cuery houre in the day doing foinwhat vntohiro, neuerfufferingthe horfc to reft an houre at peace, till you hauebrought him to the true handling ,or the taking vp of his lcgs,increafing his lab our daily infuchfort^ that in the end you bring him to amble the whole length of the wall, or an or- dinaricroad, which is fa* the moft part 5, or fixe (core p�4 3�***



		2 8 The fourth^ ool^e. yardes: when you haue made him perfite thus farre foorth, you fhall not then eafe any part of his toyie,but continue him ftill in his hourely labour, till you haue made him perfite j and giaen him fuc-h delight therein, that hee will amble in your hand, without the vfe or neede of any correction whatfoeuer. This being done, you fhall then take the bridle foorth of his mouth, and putvponhisheada plainechaine,orthe gentleftCaue- zan, and make him onely with cither of them amble as perfidy as he did before with his fnaffie, obferuiog that asheegrowesperfiter in skill, fo you eafe his reftraint, andbearetheChaineorCauezan as gently as may bee, till hee will amble of himfelfe, without any touch of the Chaineor Cauezan : then you fhall make him amble onely by the vfe of his col!er,without any reftrainr. And laftly that he will of himfelfe (you running by him with loofereaynes) amble as perfitely as when hee hath the greateftreftraint whatfoeuer. Now you are to remember, that when you firft teach your Horfe to amble thus by you, if hee be of a flow and dull nature, fo that when you carry your hand any thing ftraite he will not preffe forward, but either ftand ftrll,or goe backe j or if hee doe goe, it fhall be fo flo wlie that it fhall not exceede a foote pace. In this cafe you fhall haue a foot-man to come behinde him with a rod in his hand,who as you reftraine him, fhall force himtogoc forward, either as fafi orasflowlieasyou will, till you haue brought him to the knowledge and true vfe of the pace, and then you fhall vfe his helpe no longer j for whatfoeuer you are to doe after this is effe&ed, oneJie vfeandpra6tife Will bring yourhorfevnto, without ei- ther fcruplc or amazement i for there is nothing after a feorfe



		'I he fourth Boo{e.* zp horfe kriowes how to take his legges vpright, which brings ahorfc cither to perfitneiTe or inaperfitnetTe, but °nely pra&ife. I haue feenefome Horfemen (and my felfe alfo haue done the like) which haue taught this kindeofamblinginaclofehoufeorbarne, but it is no- thing fo good, nor fo voide of difficultie, as is thevfe of the ftraight wall, if a man can haue one conuenicntly: but where the ffcraight wall is not to be had, there I pre- ferre the dofe heute , becaufe there a man may lead his horfe, either elofeby the walks,or otherwife, if he lead «im in the midft of the houfe, yet the horfe cannot flye much out of order, becaufe the compaffe of the walles .will notgiue him any greatlibertie. After you haue made your horle thus perfit,that he wil amblebyyou in your hand( which amblers call ambling out of hand) fo that when either you leadyour horfe to the water,or to (port,or about any other exercife,he wil ^fe no other pace but ambling,then (& not before) you fhall.laddie him, and mounting his back by a temperate carriage ofy_OUr hand, and by laying your leggs clofe to b-isfides,youfhal thrufthim for.ward,and make him am- ble vndier.'you jWhich if at firft(as I haue often foundjand it was the firft reafon which made tne difallow this pra- ftife) you perceiue that he falles into a trot, and refufeth to amble, as if he had neuer beene acquainted with the pace; which indeede is fo naturall to many horfes, that you fhall behold many(and my felfe haue had the riding of feme) which ambling eucn from .their firft foaling, haue, when they hauecome to the Saddle, and carriage oftheman,prefentlyfalnetotrot, which they were ne- uer feene to doc* in all their liues before; by which 1 �hauegathered, tbataborfe doth take an excraordinarie



		2o The fourth ll.ookg. pride and delight intheferuice & carnage of the man₉If then your horfe thus refufe to amble vnder you, im- mcdiatelyyou fhall twich vp his head, and giuing him a good chocke or two in the mouth, and ftiikinghim with your fpurs, one after the other, youfhall thruft him into his amble, which your correction and amazement ioy- ned with his former knowledge, will loone bring him vnt©;andthen after he ftrikes a ftroke or two,and is che- riihed, commingtovnderftand your meaning, hee will then fall more readily to his amble, and with fo much morecomlinefleandrruthashee was formerly experi- ene'd in the pace before. Now that this manner ofteachinghorfes toamble,rs either fo full of art,eafe,orcomlines,that it deferueth ei- ther your labor,or a generall immitationjl am not of the .opinion,, becaufe as the former methods, fothisis ac- companied wirhmany faule & groffe inconuetriences, fuchasahorfe by no means ftiould be acquainted with- all j for befides the loffc of time in the man, beftowing a long labour to little purpofe,and fpending his houres to bring his horfe to an vnprofitabJe exerciic, which is to amble without the manj the very manner of bringing a horfe vnto it,which is by chocking him in the mouth,&: diftempering his head,is moft vilde & infufferablejfor if the horfe be of fpirit & courage,by fuch corrcdionsthc horfe inftead of ambling,falls to rearing,plunging, and other reftife qualities,one of which wil aske more labor toamend,then to make twenty horfes amble:and indeed rto fay truth,I haue not feene a horfe of any good mcttall that hathbeene brought to amble by this manner oftea- ching, or if they haue, yet it is impoffibkthat they fhould continue long therein} for euen their owne cou> rages



^Tbe- fourth ^cBoo%e. 31 ^ragcs will tranfportthem,and make them weary of fitch n intemperate motion: and on thecontrarie part,if the horfe be dull and beanie, hisfloth & vnnimblen'eiTe mil* ^cfocontrarie and rebellious againft this pra&ifc, that the Rider had need of a more thenanordinarie patience toendurethe flackneffe andvntowardnelfe of his inca- pableIpiritjWhich will neither vnderftand, or if he doe vnderftand-, yet will not execute any thing any longer then correction and torment lyes vpon him. Thusyoti fee, that neither the hot fierie horfe_} nor the dull flowc jade is fit for this kindeof inftruettonj infomuch, that if you haae no other method toteach a horfe to amble by butonely this, you (hall eyther runne into many incon- ueniences _s orthe lo(Te of your time j or elfe deale with fnch horfes which are of fuch well mixt qualities and difpofitionsjthat they arc neither too fierie,to rebell oc contend againft inftru&ion; or notfo dul,as not>to con* ceiue whacyott would teach j or when they do coneeiue out of (loth and idleneflfe, to leaueyour willvnperfor- med : it is the mediocritie with which you muft deale, which beingfekiomeft found, you may line an age ere you meet with a Horfe of that temper. And thus much for the making of horfes to amble outof the hand.,

		Chap. 7.

	Ofmaking Horfes t& amble by the hetyt of the handenely, SVch horfemen as- had. pra&ized this, former way to �pake a horfe to amble out of hand, that is_y before a ^ man come to tide nirn ■: whenthey found that the horfe-: