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Cavalarice,
OR
That part of Horfe-marifh>p di(-
coueringthefubtill trade ofHorf- courferSjtogethcr with an explanation
of the excellency of a Horfcs vnder-
fiaDdingjand how to m*kf him
• doe Irickfj ikcBsnkfsbis
Curtail j and of drawing
drjr-fqr>t,and other A<5fcs
both naturall and
vnnatutall.
Th Eight B»«ke.
Nivvly correflcdj*c d augmc nted,
By Gcruafe Markham.
LON'DOTsl
Printed by Ed&: AUde for Edward white,
and arc to be fold at his (hop neerc
the little nort/i doore of Saint
I'aules Church at the ligne
of the Gun. 1617.
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i&Stewn*j.
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11 fOm
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'MH
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To die Honorable and moll worv
thy K^night Sir "VValter Aston. 1 i
ll^p w dearety Itoueyou/ndwith what uale Iwiflj
^8& I could doe you feruice, /would this poore trybute W/^Aefmy labours could giue a true tefiimony, that ____IfcMzMthen you might knowe what power you haue in &
foore Creature, but flme neither it, nor any lymmits can bound
thinges infinite, concern ofmee accordingtothefquareofyeur ewne Noble thoughts, which l per/wade my fetfe etten to appa- rant errours, would lendmofi charitable conjbuBions. 2 haue in this volume dard a bolde enterprise jhe rat her fit h there was veuer before this day moe Champions either wperfeB skill, or in Jlrongimagtmtion»ftheir skiU3 that may eafilybeeinfiamedto ri/evpagatnfime, but 1 haue cho/eyoufor one of my honorable defenders, not that you (haU Jiand betwixt me and my ha surds. but be a meanet to bring me to an equaHcombate,for I know my felfeto befofafelyarmedwith Art^experience\andthegrounds efrnfon, that Ifeareno maligmtieMtanvnlawfullcounfelty which topreuent, thofe Noble Princes md your felfewhomet haue chofen, I hope willbee my protectors, to who/e mercy and, gracious opinions} Iprojtrtteme and my labours. Q E R V A SB M A R K H A M*
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T.0 all the bufie Horfe-courfers^botbof
the Citty and Countrey where-
foeucr. Magin not becaufe I haue difcouered vn-
to the world thofe fecret deceits wherewith the
world is hourcly beguiled, that I with a more fpleeny fpirit doe condemne you, then all other trades whatfoeuer -.For if the Marchant will haue a darke fhop to make bright foy le d ware : If the Shoe- maker will cut Leather but balfetann'd; the Carpenter worke his Timber halfe feafond; if the Baker will not giue his true waight, the But- cher will not forgoe his inibofture of prickes, nor any Trade whatfoeuer but will preferue to hi.nfclfe feme difception; be- leeueitl conclude you as good, and loueyou afmuch as any.and thinke it agreeable with the law of reafon, that you haue as much
, priuiledgc as any whatfoeuer in this worldly Charter. But for - afmuch as fome (becaufe they deceiue themlelu'es) make no con- science in deceiuing others , and thinkethegaincmoithoneft, how euer gathered by the hand of corruption, I thought it nor, amifle to make my felte a warrant without authority, and to lay ©pen what with long experience, and diligent obferuation I hauenotcd andfametimes purchafed at too dcere a reckoning, bothtofortifie thehoneft againlt vncoafcionable pradtife, and to make them loath thofe groffe deceits, of which eiien Boycs and Babes may^eiect them, which if it reape thankes from them thatreapeprofite,Ihauemy wifh, if it offend the contrary Ire- ipe¬, becaufe they may amend their loffe if they will buy with care, and fell with a good confeience. FarewsR.
G.M.
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7 he Eight TSoohp.
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CHAP. i.
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OfHerfe-mrfersfagewaft.
Tf>&£ |Jg3f Here is not any ground,,.
Art, Scicnce,or Handicraft,whatfo-
euer j which hath bcene fo exactly found out either by Nature ©r the power of the greateft Wifdome,bu£ Time and Mens corruptions hath poyfoncd them with fome one or o» ther difception ; as euen the very foodeof oiirfoules, how ir is prophaned with a world of fcyfmes; in Philo* fophy at this day how many Hereticks; in Phyficke what numbers of Mounte-banckes *, in Aftrologic -vvhatfalfe Star-guzer^vinWu^ewhatMinftrelcie: and to con- clude, in all what can Man doe that is vertuous, which ©ne will not imitate in a likcyizard. Hence and from this
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% The eitght "Booke.
this auncientknowledge of fuiterance, being founded
by an idle ignorant couetoufneffe hath fprung this de- ceic or impoftume vpon the face of Horfe-manfhip which wee call Horfe-courfing. Now that you may know what a horfe-courfer is , leaft by miftakingminc application, I may be helde to condcmne thofe which are both honeft and vertuous, you (hall vnderftand the Horfe-courfer, whofe fubtle trade I difcouer, is hee who paifes from Faire to Faire, and from Market to Market, to buy lame, tyrcd,difeafed,and tainted Horfes, and then with one deceufull tricke or other, recoucring their imperfections, fclles them againe into the handes offimple men, who notperceiuingthe hook©, fwallow the bayte, and arc choakt with mod vnthriftie penni- !Worths. Now for the honeft marchant of Horfes,who with all carefull induftrie and a watchfull eye buyes none but fuch as hisknowlcdge and iudgment approues tobefound,beautLfull,wellbreddc,andfitcforbeftim- ploy ments, or for him chatie&s but either the fuperflui-
tie of his Breede ,or the furcbarge of his Stable,and with that naked plaineneffe that there is neither found falfe- hood in his oathes or boaftings •, thefe I fay are as vn- worthie the name of Horf-courlers^as truth vnfit for the name of falftiood. Now therefore fince I haue giuen you the true Character of thepartie whome I meane, and that you maynotapplie any of thefe vices to men of contrary difpofirion,! will defcend vnto his cuftomes and ^uallities, touching his Trade onely. |
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CHAPS,
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The ohjeruntiom which Horfe-comfen hold in thechotfs
eft heir Horjhy the deceits they vfe in eouering fhw'fault iy and' theit-praclifei'Tm : fellwplAdet, |
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HE Borrc-cotirferwho'Ottely buyesforprefent ,
gaine,, and felles without either refpeft tomens£0ur.^rsc^ifs ; occafion^hisowne conference, or his wordes re- ofHorfcj. jputaYioh,doorh only in chufinghishcrfes obferue 'th'cfc fewe principles: Firft^ifhee can he will haue him exceed ding fat,ancf6f a faireand'bcautifull coIour,of all which ihebeft in the Horfecourfers eye is the faire Daple- grafjor the Gray with- white raaihe and tayle; the ynftaiJ rache, or white hecle, or the Gole-blaeke wichthofe
whiternarkes alio, for chefe colours, either to Courti- ers, fcacliesjIiawyerSjSehoKers^ or Cimzens, couei-and Jkeepe manyyifchiefeKynrewealed:' Next to his colour^ the Horfe-cotirfer lookes eirer for a dainty pace, as in the ambler great eafe,and in theTrotter much paihe and bufie treading; next co-lourand pace, beelookes to out- ward grolfe infirrhitie,u.ich asliefo app#ant that euery One may beholde them without groapihg, as are oiler* growncfplentSjSpauens either bone or bogge, Ring- Bones, Curb„es or other excerffions, but if they bee young arid but newly appearing, hee may /peaks what he will in theit cifpraife, but hecloues the Horfe not one-haire the Worfe for his purpose-5 as for any inward ^riefej as Glaunders^Confumptioris,Coughes,Broken^ windes*.
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e.
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'<£be-eight'Rooty
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wiadeSjDulncffeoffpititjReftifncs, or any mifchiefes
clfe which hath cither skinne orhaire to couer it, hec regardesthcm not : for his returne being fuddaine,he hath for toblinde ignorant eyes, cloakes enow to con- ceale them, during the time hce is in feeling. The laft thing he lookes vnto is price, for beleeue it, they cucr- buy flefti, colour, (hape, and countenance, but they will hardly giue any penny for goodneffe, both becauie the wife feller will hoide it at* good rate (as it is worthy) and the Horfe-cQurfcr (hall hauc no bencfitc, being able to make a lade feeme equall with the beft fpirited : and although I will not fay but a Horfe-courfer may haue a good horfe, afwellas a Woman that (ells Muffcls may haue a rich Pearle amongft thcm,yet it is great oddesto the contrary,both becaufe hce is folde ata greatvaluc^ (andfonot to him fo commodious) and alfohcisneuer the obie<a at which the Horfe-courfer aymes ar, for 'tis beauty, (hape, pace and cheapncffchecdefircs, and then if goodnejOTe chance to come vnlookt for, the horfe is fo
much the dearer, although -the caufe of fuch deareneflc
ftand the fellcrin nciier a penny, in which me thinkes
Horfe-courfcrs rcfemble thefe miferable ingroffers of
Come that albeit they buy graincatneuerfocheapc a
reckoning,yct in thedearneffcof the yeare,they will not
abate one (ingle halpennieialthough it were euen to the
fauegard of the life of a Chriftian. And truely I doc
with more coSdence write this,becaufe I hauc my felfe
oft folde vnto horfe-courfers horfes,which 1 knew to be
faultie, and when 1 haue out of a fimplc minde reuealed
the word of my knowledge they haue, euen fcoft at my
too much curiofitie, and made no reckoning of the mif-
chiefes3 and after when they haue folde them againe,
they
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cIheeight<Booke.
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they hauc giuen mc many thankes for their good penny-
worths, and wifht for many fuch like commodities, when I dare very well prefume that I knew much better, then they, or then any Horfe-courfcr whatfoeuer, that fuch Horfes were vtterly part all vfe or feruice. Now therefore briefely you may fee the chiefeayme of the Horfe-courferinbuyingHorfcs, is at his beauty,orfuI- heffe of fkfhjhis fairecolour, his (hape free from grofTe infirmitie, his cleane pace, and his cheape price , to which fhould goodneffe haue becne coupled,d6nbtlefie the Marchandize would returne little profite,forin all mine experience I ncucrknew good horfesfolde at fuch ! a cheape reckoning, thata man mightkeepeaFamilre with the gaines, except they came from one of thefe three mens handcs 5 cither aFoole that would giue a Diamond for a Barljr-cornejanvnthriftthat would loofc profit for his inftant pleafure, or a Thecfe that to bee ea- fed of an vnlawful prize,wouid euer be content to loofe three partes of the true valew. But to returne to my purpofe, when the Horfe-cour-
fer hath: bought his horfe according to his fancy, and The Horf«& leaf nt afrmich asheecan ofhis Chapman, touching his S$"$ *" inward difpofition; and alfb out ofhis own tryals,findes the faults to which he is moft adiSted^asthey arc qucfti- onleffe with great cafe difceraed) then prefently hee be- gins to plot ftratagemrinhis headjhbw heem*ycloak£ and couer thofe fauks,and maketbe horfe feeme in cue- ry mans judgement mearely contrary to that to which hee is naturally adicl;ed,asthus;lf he finde the horfe thas feeehath boughtto beeadulLjheauy,fad jadcjandthata snan can with no reafonablecom-pulfion make himgoe fafter then an Aflfc i then thehorfe-corfer will not mifle3 bur
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<5 (Xh$:eitgfoiBoQ\e.
but duely euery morning, noone, and night, with bigge.
long riplingftaucs bcftow atleaft an houre and roorein beating his Horfe, both vponthebody, (ides, and but- tocks, till he make his flefh to extreame tender and fore,, that euen the very fh'ake and lifting vp of afticke, is e- nough to make the Horfe mad and defperate : Hee will ■doe nothing about the Horfe, as either combing,dref- lingj turning his cloathes vp anddowne, or any thing •elfe,but it ("hall be done with furie,and with ftroakes, he will not at any time paffe by the horfe but hee fnall haue a ftr okc,nor will hefpe akc to any m an if the H ode ft and nearehim,but euen midft that coaference,hee will ftrike s,nd torment the horfe, till hee haue made the horfe fo fearcfull and defperate,that the very btttcrnes of a Mans voyce (Siallbe able to make him leaps againft the walies. This beating of horfesthusamongft Horfe-courfers, is called giuirig them L.ambe pye, from a knauiftj ieft of a horfe couriers Boy* thatbeingasktof his Maider what iYieatcheehadgiuentheHorfes5madeanfwereLambe- pye enough maifter. And truelyxould it feede them afwell as it puts them
in affright j a Herfe^ourfer might very wellfpare;Other foode: for howfoeuer they get meate,.it is moft allured they neuer want biowes. , Nowe when they haue thus beaten their horfes foundly in the houfe, that jthey will itarc,flie,and leape againft the walls/hen bringing them intothe common roade where the Horfe-cou,r!ervie* *o ride his Horfe forthefale, which is notabousfonic or thr-eefore yardes in'length, you (ball fee him no foo' 1 ner fs.t his Bay or Seruant vpon his hqrfes backe* but prefently ,erf the boy bee-well (ctled, you (haiiice ths Hoxfe-cour fergvue the norfe. two orthres good blovvc* |
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1he eight Hoefe. 7
vpon the fides with his Cudgell, and the Boy alfo to
augment his Maifters torment, will nofoonerhauehis leggeouertheHorfesbacke, but both his Spurresfnall beef aft in his fides, and ifthepoore lade through thefe torments chance to whiske his tayle (which is aplaine figne, hee doth nothing out of his free fpirit) you fliall fee the Horfe courfer giue the Horfe fuch a ftroake vpon the veric fterne of his tayle, that as if hee would euen breafceitinpeeces, he will make the Horfe hoWe it fo clofe to his buttockes,that to the death hee will not mooueit, which will deceiuea veriegoodiudgement touching his mettle. Thus and by thefe torments you fhallfeehim bring his horfe to fuch afenciblefeareful- neffe, that for the ordinary rode ofaFaire or a Market, hce will make him goe with fuch fpirit and taadnes of paffion, that as if hee had no feete but wingcs, you will rather feare his furie, then his dulneflc ; whereas when either hee fhallcometo temperate keeping, or ordinary traucll, you fhall foonc findc by his tyring, how thofc falfefiers were created. Another tricke Horfe-cour- fers haue to make their horfes being dull, to fhew braue fpirits, and that (when all other meancs failes them) Will quicken them vppe for the length of a roade, as long as there is any life in their bodyes, and this it is j They will take a verie fine fharpe Nalle, and railing with their finger andthumbe theskinne from the flefh vPon each fide of the fpurre veyne,euen iuft in the com- mon fpurring place, pricke the skinne through twice or lhrice,and then they will cakethe powder of GiaiTe,bea- len as fmall as is poffible to be gotten, and with it rub the P^ces that were prickt,fo that the powder of the GlafTe ^ay enter into the holes, and then lay the haire fmooth Aaa •"■ and
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{6 1"he eight Bookf.
and plainc againe : this will bring the horfctofucha
ioieneffe,andtendernes of his fides, that it isworfcthen death to him tohaue anything to touch them •, fo that whether a man haue fpurres oj: no fpurs,yetthehorfc will goe and fhewfpirit-beyond all expectation 5 onely this you mi!ft obferue, that whenfoeuer you dreile your horfe thus in the morning, that then at night you an- noynt his fides with Turpentihc,and the powder ofleat mixed together , and his fides will bee as well within tweluc houres, as if they had neuer beene poyfoned: And for mine owne part I haue tryedthistrickevpona lade which hath beene tyred by the hye-way, and I haue found him that where before, the more a man fpurred, the foonerhec wouldftandftill; Now if a man did but make offer to touch his fides, he would (hew quickneffe, and ftriue to goe with more willingneffe3then when hec was firfttaken forth itithe morning. Many other deceits they haue to quicken a dull lade, but thefe arethemoft vfuall,and doefooneftdeceiue a plaine meaning. No we if his Horfe haire beene formerly foundred,
or frettized vpon his feete, then bee fare, before hec bringes him to any great fhew for the fale, he will chafe and ride him vp and dovvne at leafthalfe a quarter of an hourcbefore, that hauing gotten heate and warmed into the horfes limbs,he may then bring him to the vieW of any man, and as long as the horfeishotc,ortreades vpon foft ground, a very good eye fhall hardly percent6 imperfection in his fectc, and if a Horfe-courfer hati* fuchaHorfe-j you fhall fee if at anytimeheechancet0 fet him vp hee will not yet let him ftand {till, but he wil* eiierbebeatingorftirr'mghim'>andifhishoofesberiig' gedorwrinckled(as frettized hoofes for theaioftp3^
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The eight cBgq%c.
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arc) fo that if aHorfe man fhall fee them hee willeafily
difcerncbisfauIt5or if the horfe haue ring-bone,paines, fcratchcs,fplents,or any eie fore about the neather ioynt then the firft thingthe Horfe-courfer doth; is to ride his horfe into the durt, and by dawbing his legs to hide his faultes: If the horfe be fubied tofwelling in his leggcs, then the firlt thing the Horfe-courfer dootb , is to ride his horfe into fome water, or to bathe the horfes legges with coldewatcr,for that willkeepe do wne the fweliing till his legs be drie againe: If the horfe haue had any fe- cretftraineinthefore-fhoulder, the Horfe-courfer will ride him very feidome, and when he rides him you fhall neuer fee him turne him narrow, but both vfe him gent- ly,and take large compaiTej If the horfe haue alittle hale it is the trickc of the horfe-corfer,that lookevpon which foot he halteth, from that foot comonly he will take off his fhooe or with his knife cut off a little of the skin fro m his hcele,and then not forbeare to proteft that his halt is the wantofafhooe, orelfebyreafonofthatfmall ouer« reach, which iia any mans eie wil be of no great moment, and yet make a good iudgement, thinke it is the caufe of his halting; If the horfe haue the Glanders, and haue run at the nofe for many yeares before, fo that it is be-' come in comon experience incurable,and that the horfe isnearehislaftdate, in this cafe the horfe-courfer will not faile but in the morning before his horfe goes to the fale, he will firft blowe into his noftrcls a good quantity °f Neczing-powder, then rake two long feathers of a Goofe-wing, and dipping them either in theiuyceof ^arlicke or in a little Oyle-de-bay, thrtift them vpinto the horfes noftrels,eucn to the top of his heads, and rub-: lhem vp and downe: then after he hath caft the filth out Aaa 2 of
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io The eight TSooke.
of his Noftrels a good fpace, the Horfe courfer will
take ofGatlicke a good quantitiebeeing w ellbruifod in a Morter, and a good quantitie of ftrong Muftard, and mixing them well with'new Ale, hee will with a home put fome thereof into each of theHorfes noftrels, and fo holdc it in with his hand by keeping his noftells clofe together , and then after his Horfe hath neez'd and fnear'da (pace, the filthincffe will ftop, and then the Horfe-courfer will ride him forth (for 'tis moftcertaine that for tweluchoures after there will not comesnyfil- thinefTe that will either trouble or difgrace the horfe.) And thus euenalmoft for cuerie grofTe infirmitie, the fubtle Horfc-courfer hath one deuife or other to defera- ble and cloake it, fome being fo artificiall, that eucn ve- riewifemenmaybemiftakeo, and fome fo grofTe, that ahalfewitwilldifcerneit: yet neither the one nor the other, but at fome time ferues the Horfe-courfer for fome purpofe. But if the horfe ouer and aboue all thefe outward and inward infirmities, bee alfo fo exceeding olde and aged,that he is almoft paft both vfe and feruice, then theHorf-courfer wiltake afmall round yron made very hotjand with it burnetwo little round black holes in the top ofthe two outmoft teeth of each fide3thc outfide ofthe horfes mouth vpon the neather teeth,and likewife the teeth ofthe vpper chap,which anfwere iuft oppofite to the neather, by which meanes if youlopke into the mouth ofthe horfe to knowe his age, you (hall fee the markefo fuland plaine (the nature of which marke hath bin fo formerly (hew'd you)that you canot poffibly geffe the horfe to be aboue the age of 7. years; but if the horfe throgh his age hath loft any of thole teeth which declare the age ofthe horfe,fo that j deceit will not hold,the the ' Horfe-
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The eight cBoofy, n
Horfe-courfer doth not failc eucry minute ofanhoure
to be handling his horfe about the lips, and euer as hce touches them, either to thruft a fharpc allc, or a fharpe pinne into them, till hce haue brought the horfc to fuch a tendcrnes and knowledge of the torment which hee fuftaincsjthatin the end hce will not fuffcr any man to touch him about the lips, but that hce will either bite, ftrike,or commit fome other outragious part; fo that no manbeeing able to looke into his mouth, no man that hath not other skill Hull know his age by his mouth5for the countenance of the horfe, orthchollowneffe of his eyes,or gray haires about the temples of the head are no true ftgnes,but may diuerfly failc, as either being begot- ten by an old horfc j or by oppofition in colour between the Marc and the Horfc, or elfc by beingbreddc in lo wc and rotten foyles, all which will make a Horfe in hit beft youth and Iuftincfle haue an olde countenance. Thefe deceites and a multitude of others, as the fel-
ling of Horfes which are Moonc-eycd, making falfc taylcs, falfe Whites in the face, or in diucrs other pla- ces, as by burning the horfe in the foreheadc with an hard Egge taken burning hotte out of the fireymd clap- ped to the horfes face, Or by clappiugtoittheftalke of a Cole-wort roafted in jhc fire as you would roaft a Warden; or rubbing thehayreandskinneofF with a fmooth Bricke-batt leafurely, and fuch liketoyes, all Which will make whites cither in a horfes fate, or in any other part of his body,or the fecdingof a horfe with falfe flefh, as by giuing him to eate, either fodden Barley, or f°ddcn Beancs, or Bucke, or Colewortes,or fuch like,all Which wil ftuffe vp a horfc in flefh fodenly,but one daies labour will euer takeaway a whole monthesfeeding. Aaa 3 Thefe
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ji cf he eight "Boo^e.
Thefe and aworld of fuchlike vnhonefifallaces are the
verie occupations and toyles of Horfe-courfers, by Which they deceiue wholemultitudes of true meaning people: but forafmuch as from the difcouery of thefe Which I haue already ftiewedjdoch iffue the difcouery ©f all other whatfoeucr they can inuent, I will not clogge your memory with more obferuations then fuch, as (if you haue daily comerce with Horfe-courfers) you fhall hourely haue occafion to imploy. Nowtofpeakefomthingofthcirfubtiltieinpra<5Hfe,
you fhallknowe, that amongft them, it is euen asitis amongft Conny-catchers , and Ciit-purffes ( par- don my comparifon) for as they haue falfe Brothers, fa hath euer theynconfcionablehorfe-courfer: fo that a plaine dealing man fhall no fooner offer him money f ot a horfe (albeit hee offer more then his woorth)but prc» fently you (hall haue a fellow made for the purpofe,who will eome and oucr-bid the true dealer: another wil ftep foorth and giuefuch falfe prayfes, and athird report of fo many falie offers, which the Horfe-courfer hath refu- fed, that hee which meanesfimplie, firft taking a fancy to the horfe, and that fancy making him too willing to beleeue any goodneffe of the horfe, will be fo carryed a- way with their falfhoodes ,that in the end hee fhali finde hehathboughtnaughtineffeat a much too deare a rec- koning : If this were the worft of euili mens pra&ife, time and alittle loife would make men morecarefuU andtruft leffe: but there are fo many deceites, andfucfr new generations ofdeceites, that it is impoffible to dif* cerne them,becaufe they are hourely in creating j wher- fore what 1 haue already written, I holds fuffkicnt t0" fortifieany mansopiaion againft giuingtoo greattruft |
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1he eight <Boo\e. i]
to diffimulation, or fufrering his fancy to ouerrule his
judgement. And thus much touching the choice of Horfe-courfers and their Horfes, their dcceites and pra&ifes. |
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CHAP. 3.
Of the diJeoUerf&ndfnMMionefHorfe-
conrfendeceites. Since I haue fhewed you the ordinarie and cuftoma-
rie decekes of both publicke and priuate vnconlci- onable Horfe-courfers, it fhall befit that I fhew you likewife by what mcanes and induftrie you fhall preuenc anddifcerne theeuill into which craft would intangle you, or elfe bee reputed a verie infufficient Tutor that onely tell you of euill, but (hew you no way to auoyd it: You fhall therefore knowe that when you goetobuy a horfe of a Horfe-courfer, you muftbynomeanesgiue creditcto any thfnghe fpeakes touching his horfe,morc then what you apparantly fee and knowe to bee iuft, which is, but onely Whether hee be faire fhaped, fatt, leane,or filch like outward characters in which hee can- not deceiue you, but for concealed quallitics,bcleeue it as a knowne veritie that the more the horfe-couriec boafts or brags, the more deceit by much is in the horfe hee boafts of,and the more willing he is to fell,the more Willing hee is to deceiue : wherefore to come to parti- cularities, if when the horfe-courler brings his horle to be ridden before you,tfyou fee him ftart,le^pe,rufh tor- JfVard,and be lb impatient that he will hardly bee kept to Aia 4 ' any
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■ 1 . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. The eight <Boo\e.
any moderate pace, as if his fpirit wercinfi^ite, you
(hallthen with good confideration marke the-counter nance of the horfc in his going, whether hee hauc a fad, heauie,or vnmouing eye,or whether he carriehis cares, ftill,and moueth fcldom'c, or whether he reyne flouenly, not railing vp his nccke, or (hewing naturallchcarcful- ncs,or whether in his going you perceiue him to leans vpon his Riders hand, as if his heade were too great a burden for his nockc to carry : And laftly, whether hce goe with patience when he is from company, and oncly ismoftmad when cempany is about him,anyofthefe conftant and vnfprity carriages arcfignesof dulneffe: wherefore when you difcernc any of them in a horfe, you (ball prefently make the Rider to alight from his backe,and (as ifyou would view the horfe) you (hall lay your hand vpon hisButtocks,thighcs3and fides, and as if you would trie the loofeneffc of his skin you (hall pluckc it from the flefh, and ifyou finde hee ftarts or is difplea- fed thcrcatjbe then allured that horfe hath beene found- ]y beaten. You (hall alfo with your hand pull vp the skin in the fpurring place, and ifyou finde he either choppes downe his head, as if he would bite, or that hee fhrinkes his body, whiskes his tayle, or (hakes his heade, it is an euident token hee hath had his fides rubbed with Glafie orfomethingelfe to make them tender: Or ifthefeob- feiuations cannot fatisfie you, then the beftcourfeisto ride the horfc your felfe : and if vpon the very firft mounting him, you finde he is all fpirit and mettle, you (hall then ride him foorth of company , and when you are alone giue him lcaue to goe at his owne pleafure without forcing him, and if then you finde, that of his owne accordhe is willingto be temperate, and that hee |
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The eightHoo^e. if
iseuermoftmaddewhenhee is in rnoft company, then
you may bee allured that Horfes mettle is not his owne, but hath abfolutcly beene forc'ft into him,either by bea- ting or fome worfe pra&ifc : Befides,ifit bee his owne mettle, yet it is a true rule, that the more extream* furious a horfe is, the leflc will bee his indurancc in Trauell, neither is hce woorthie of any confidence: wherefore euer your beft fpiric is that which is moft temperate, that will neither giue any figne of (loath, nor eafily bee mooued to any Yioleoce, Now after you arc rcfolucd touching his mettle and inward fpiric, if then you would knowe whether hee hatie beene foun- dred, fretized, or bee vnfound of any of his lunbes, you (hall attend till the Horfe-courfer fet him vpin thcfta- ble, and after hee hath ftood a while you fhall marke the manner of his ftanding when no body troubles him, and if you perceiue him, firft to eafc one footc then ano- ther, and that hee cannot ftand a minute of anhourc together without hitching from one foote to another, as if he would dance,then you fbal be refolued,that que- ftionles that horfe hath either bin fretized or foundred, and hath (till remaining in his feet a moft vnnatural heat; tor the found Horfe you fhall fee ftand conftan tly and e- Uen vpon all his feete without any figne or fhew of wea- rines in his feete,which a horfe that is thus tainted is not abletoendure ; But if you perceiue that hee dooth not feitch and moue thus from foot to foot, onely he thrufts fcneof his fore-feete more from him then the other, or treads not fo furely vpon one of his hind-feet as vpon the °ther,if this you doe behold, then be affurcd that horfe hath had fome ill &dangcroivs ftrainc,the anguifh wher- °f remaines ftil amongft the bones and finewes,. yewhat griefe
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\6 *Ihe eight'Booke.
gtiefe is euer in the neatber and not in the vpper ioynts:
as for young Sp-lents, Spauens, Ring bones, Curbcs, Paihes, Scratches, Oranyfuch forance, as durt or myre may couef,bcefiue to fee thehbrfe whenhislegges arc cleane,andif your eye cannot pierce deepe enough into theimperfe&rons, bee not afhamcd to let your fingers inakea feareh, and they willdifcouerwhatfoeuer hake or skinkeepes hidden, if either you kno we what the dif- eafes arc,or can iudge of them whenyou feele them •, If you feare him for hailing, gowtie and fweldiegges, you fhalthen watch tofee him when his legs are dry,or after he hath Rood anhoure or two vnftirredjOrearcly in the moniing before his legs be wetland he wilt eafilydifco- uerfuchaforauce : butifyoucannotcometothetfight ofthehorfeadbch.conuerHenttimes/you flialkhen as youhandle the horfe about the ne'ather ioynt,euenclofe by his fetlockewith ybur finger and your thumbe,prefTe the flefb very hard Where youfindc it thickeft', and if af- ter yon haue preft it you feele any dintes or hollownefTe whereyourthucrit'e or finger lay, then you may very well bee afturcdj that that horfe with the leaft Trauaile, will haue gowtie' and fwell'd legges,for thoughcolde water and labour doe difperfe the humor,yet in the nea- therpartoftheioynt will euer remainefomenaughtie fubftance: If you feare thehorfe for fecret ftraines,as thofe which are in the$houlder,in the Hip,andin thofc vpper partes of the Limbes, you (ball then take him by theBrydle,andfettingyourbacketo hisfhoulder, turns him once about in as ftraite and narrow a compavTe as is pofuble> firft of one fide, then ofthe other, and as hee turnesyou fhall marke how heehandles hisfeete, and i» youfindeheebring.es not his outmolV Legge ouer his inmoft
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cZhee}ght<Boo\e. 17
inmoft, but that his inmoft legge failes him, To that hee
dare not firme it vpon the ground, but mooues it both outofduetimevand in an vncomely order, it is then a manifcft token that he hath had fome ftraine in the ypper part of that legge, which hee dare nottruft vpon the ground in a ftraite turhe, becaufefuch narrow turnings doeeuer writhe and approoue thcvpper ioyntesonely. As for halting, and couering it with yaine excufes, the beft difcouery thereof is neuer to truft a Horfc-courfers proteftations, but the more he vowes, the leife doe you credit him,and fo by miftrufting the worft that may bap- pen,you fhall preuent a mifchiefe that would happen. Nowe if you feare any Glanders, Broken winde3Con- fumption,or other inward inflrrBkyiyou fhall with your; hand gripe him very hard about the Weflen-pipe, clofe by theroote of the tongue, and fo holde him a good fpace, till you compcll him to cough twice or thrice, and then ifaffoone as hee bath cough::, you fee him be- gin to champe or chevy with his teeth, as if hee did eate fomething, ( which indeede is nothing but filthinelTc which his coughing bringesvp) then it isanapparant figne,tliat cither hee hath the GIanders,or fome inward gro wne cplde *, if his cough bee hoarce, itisaiigncof corruption,and putrifa&ion in his iungs,butifit be dry, clayne,and hollow, it is a great figne that his windeis tainted, which by the beating of his flanke afrer a little labour, or by the fwift motion too and fro of his tayle, you may more plainly difcerne.forifhiswinde be found then his flanke will rife very ilowly,and his taile will not befeenetomoouebutatgreatleafure ; And from thefe obferuationsyou fhalldifcouer a world of fuch deceits, Which doe depend and are coherents to his former mifchiefeso.
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Tbe'eight 1290(6.
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\6
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inifchiefc. As for Moon-eyed Hortes., which fome
calicheLunatickey'd, as it isadifeafe by whichaman may ihcfooneft beccoofened,To it is a forancc, that a Sill eye will looneft difcernc,for though the eye kee p hemoftpart of an ordirfarie comPle»oa,yct ins a httle
redder then the perfe* eye, and much more C loudie: befidcs,abouttheoutmoll Verge or circle of the eye, you (hall fee a Httle w hite filme like a line goe about the L, which istheplaineftcharaaerthatmaybcforthac dTfeafcsNowforfalfetayles^rfalfeMarkcs.yourhand mayeafilynndeoutthcone, and your eyes ™^oon« Sfcernethc other, for the artificial white will nei- ther carry fo bright a colour, nor be of fo good propor- ion as that of nature, but like a patch in a new gar-
ment it will not rightly agree with the other features. Sowlaft^
haueburnthimwithholesinhis teeth, tomakchiraap-
pearcyoung, you (hull then know that thofc holes will
Le both rounder and blacker, by a good dcale, then thofewhichcamebyNature,andtheywdlcamemore commonly one (hape orfa(hion,vyh kh thofe that come by nature will not doe,for they, will fomctimesbeeleOe one then the other, and one of them bee wornc out foo; to looke in his mouth at all, then you (bail by gen le
meanesputyourfingcr into hismouth, and feclingthe infide of hisy vpper tu(h, by the hoale which is within, you(halliudgehi'sage,withoutanycontradi^on;^ L other rules 1 haue formerly taught for thcknowing of a Horfesage, and by the vfe of them though m one of
two.vetinthe moft you (ball not be decerned. Thus therefore when you are able to difcerne^and
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difcouet
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cIhe eight cBoo,[e. ip
difcouer thofe ordinarie and common'deccites which
Horfe courfers pra&ife, you fhall then in baying any Horfes ofthem, take great leafure and time,neuer ma- king your bargainq fodainly, but after you haue chofen which you would haue, fee him goe, then ftand ftill, and then gocagaine, beeing (ifyour leafure will ferue) at leaft a day before you make your bargaine,that what you ouerflip in the firft fight you may perceiue in the fecond or the third: and what helpes your memory can- not fodainly call together, by the deliberation of time, you may the better bring to your remembrance, and fo feldomeorneuerbuy with abadbargaine fond repen- tance. And thus much for the difcouery of thofe com- mon deceites which our Horfe-courfers haue hourely in their praftifc. CHAP. 4.
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Of the excellency of & Horfes vnderfianding^ and
other quallities, T Hat a Horfe is a Beaft of a moft excellent vnder-
ftanding and of more rare and pure fence then any otherBeaftwhatfoeuer, we haue manyauncienc and rare recordes left vntovs, by the graueft and wor- thiest Writers that haue writ either in the bfftorie of the World^or of Nature: for we finde it written, that in the army of Sib&ritanei, Horfes would daunce to Muficke., and in their motions keepe due time with rmifickejthey haue giuen to their maifters apparant fignes,that they. haue had the foreknowledge of battel, & haue prepared themfdues,
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- o The ekht "Beoke.
J~ O %______________________
themfelues thcrcunto,with extraordinary diligence. .
Theyhauebeene feenc when theirMaiftershauebin
flaine from their backes to mournc and forrovy after ftrangcfafhions,as thehorfe of Nicomtdes^Mch would neuer eatc any nieate after his mafter was flaine but dyed with hungerjor that ofCentaretus^ho when hee fawhis maiftcr ilaine by Antieehu$x and that AMicchus after hee had kikl the Man, would in the pride of his tryumph mount vpon the Beaft, it is faid that the horfe inftantlie ran with him to the tops of the Roekes, and both flew bjmfelfe and his maifters conqueror. One of the Kings oiScithta, beeing flaine in a eombate,
his enemy comming to dif-arme him, the flaine Kings horfe with great furie ran vpon his maifters foe, and ne- uer left 'byting and ftriking till hee had flaine him like- wife : It is reported that viomjius the Tirant, fdrfaking his horfe in a bogge or quagmire, the horfe after with much labor getting foorth of the durt, did immediately vpon his own accord folio w his Mafter whilft a (warmc of Bees did knit in his mayn, which Dww]/7wpcrceiuing, hee mounted the horfes backeagaine, and tooke that fignc for a token that hee fhould be King ofSctciff. Horfes as fome Authors doe report haue been feene
tohauefuch excellent perfeuerances and mderftan- dihgsofrheirdaungers,that they haue gathered vp the Dans which hauebinfpentinBattcll, and haucdeliuc- red them vnto their Maifters; others report that inrhe Circtniiw games which were founded by ClaudiusCa/ar* theHorfc^ which wore the white liuerie, calling the Charriot-dryuer from his fcate, did notwithftandingpj their owne accords rimne to the end of the courfe, and there -made there ftoppc, and wan the prize with great , ' glory* |
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Tk eight'Boofy. \\
glory,and it is faid that other horfes in the fame games,
but at other times, hauing caft their Riders, haue not. withstanding both wun the Wagers, and after according to the manner of thofe fportes, they haue without any conductors or rulers gone to the Capitol , and made three turnes abo;ut the temple oilupiter. A world of other examples are recorded touching
thcinward worthines of their knowledges, whichbe- caufe wee doe not daily fee or daily take note of, there- fore wehardiycrcdit. Nowe for the puifiTaunce and ftoutnefle of their courages, we findchow there be di- uers probable Authors, who write that neither Bucepha- lus which was Alexanders horfe, nor the horfe of'lulius Cafar would fufferany man to ride them, but their Mai- ftersonely, as if they did fcorne meaner Burthens, it is. fzidcthzt dugu/ius Ctfar, had a horfe of fuch cxquifite goodnefle and perfection, thztGermdnicmCafar made a moft famous Poem in praife of him, and bo that Agri- ge»tum7znd in diuers other partes there bee moft famous Piramidesbuilded oner Horfes, all which fhewe that they haue beene moft famous Beaites,and they haue bin regarded accordingto their worthsjhoweuet now they bedifpifed ornegle£ted : and if we looke but Into latter times wcemay fee the great eftimation of Horfes, by the buriall of that famous Horfe, vpon which Charles the Eight did himfelfe ferue againft the #<»/&««■, which , Horfe was afterwardesfolemnly buryed by the Lady o£ fiw-to-theKing^fifler; And for mine owne part, I haue f'ecnean IriCh Hobby which being fhotcleanethorow the body, did bring his Maiflerfafc from the field, and aifoonea«hewasdiimounted,the Horfe dyedprefent- v > And truely it is a thing vnfearchable to enter into the-
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2Z -[he eighrBooke
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the Knowledge, Stoutncffc, Aptneffc, and indiirancc
0 an excellent Horfc I for proofe whereof doe but heare
*„epottc.of Souldiers or Huntf men and they will- due you full fatisfaftion ', Now for thofconelywhjcn f horfc will doe, asbeeing vnnaturall, ftrange, and paft reafon, wee hane had a tullceftimony inourtnnc, by the Curtail which one Banks carryed vp and dowuc, and frewed both to Princes, and to the common people, Uich were fo farrc beyond conceit, than.: was a gene- rail opinion , and euen fbme of good wifdome hauc maintained the aflcr tion, that it was not poffible to bee ?o"c bZ M orfc, chat which that Curtail did, but by the amftance of the Dcuill i but for mine owne part, I LowethataUwhichfothought, were infinitely^decei- ued, and thefc two reafons leade me thereunto,that fir ft 1 oerfwade my felfe the Man was exceeding honeft,
anPdtcondlylatI knowe by »«« ^.!7^*a{ there was no one tricke whkh that Curtail did, which I will not almoft make any horfc doc » leffe then a rlonthespraaife, and that forafmuch as euer I few him doe (whichlperfwade my felfe was as much as o-
thcr men) I euer found a dircft rule and method, by which the Horlc wasgouemedand directed. And thus muck I thought good to write touching the excellency ota hqrfes aptneffe and vn: demanding. |
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CHAT- 5*
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%heeight<B_Qokte; 23
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CHAP. 5.
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flow a Her/e may be taught to dee any tricke,
done by Ba nkes his Curtail. ALthough la Broue doe much difcommend and dif-
praife the teaching of a Horfe to doethefe vnne- ceffary andvnnaturall actions which more pro. perlydoe belong to Dogges, Apes, Munkies, and Ba- boones,yet becaufe Mens natures are fo apt to delight in nouelties, and in afmuch asldcfiretogiuefatisfa&ion to all humors whatfocuer, vpon profiteand reafon ;and becaufe thefevnprofitabletoycsiTiew in a Horfc an ex- traordinary capacity, an obferuantfeare, and an obedi- ent loue,all which are to be efteemed worthy quallities -, I will fhew you in this briefe relation, by the example of two or three trickcs, how you fball make your Horfe to doe any other action afwell as any Dog or Ape whatfoe- uer,except it be leaping vpon your fhoulders, climbing vp houfes,or vntying knots3all which are contrary to the fhape and ftrength of his great body ;but for fetching or carrying, (as commonly Dogs doe) for counting num- bers with his feet,or for chufing out any particular per- fon amongftamultitude,orany other utchiike motion, thofe you fhal perceiue are to bee taught with great cafe and affurancc, if a man will imploy his labor thereunto, and not neglect the principal obferuations which necei- farily depend vpon fuchinftruftions.You fhaltherefore Wo we,that ifyou will haue your Horfe fetch and carry, cither GlouCjHandkirchiffe,Hatsor any fuch like thing, Bbb you
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24. "(he eight b'oo{e.
you fhall firft bring your Horfe to an efpeciall lone,
fcare,and knowledge of your perfon,by thismcanes; You fhall not fuffer any Man whatfoeuer to- rub, dreffe, or fo much as to fpeake to the horfe, but your felfe only, neither (hall you let himhaueany fobd,drinke,or other nourifhmentibut what he receiues from your h md, and to that end you fhall continually kccpe him inthsmuz- z.el!, you fhall feldome bee from him,but either picking ortrimminghim, you fhall when you walke abroade, take him in a firing abroade with you, and make himfo conuerfant and familiar with you, ( fuffering no other man to giue him cither faire wordc or faire looke) that in the end the Horfe finding that hee receiues neither foode nor comfort from any Creature but your felfe, he may fo weddc his inclination vnto yours, that as if it were a Dogge which would follow his Maifter, fo you fhall make your Horfe to attend and follow you vp and downe,which is an eaiie thing to bring to paffe , as you may perceiae by many foot-cloath Horfes in the Cit- tie,whichonely through a little cuftome will followe their Keepers whetherfoeuer they goe :nowyoumuft obferue, that whileft you make your Horfe thus to loue and delight in your company, you muft alfo make him (land in awe and feare of your difpleafure, corre£t- ing him euer with a (Turpe rod, when he doth any thing contrary to your will, and both chcrifhing him, and gluing him fomcthing to cate, whenfocucr hee doech a- ny thing toyour liking •, and in correcting him you muft euer obferue to acquaint him but with one torment, as if it bee with theRodde, then you (hall by no meanes vfe Whippe,Cudgell, or to ftrike him with yourFifts, and to this a&uall torment you (hall euer adde but one worde
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cIheeigbt<Book{. 25
wordeof terrain: or threatning: Solikcwifeincherifh-
ing, befides foode, you fhallvfe but one manner of clapping orclawinghim,norbut one certaine wordeof encouragement, for as the vfe ofmany wordes,many corrections, and many chcrifhings makes him hee can neither vnderftand any worde, any correction, or any cherifhingperfectly, fothevfe ofonefingle wordecer- tainely, to one purpofe, makes tbe Horfe as perfidy by cuftomeknowethemeaningthercof as your felfe that fpeakesit, as thus for example : If your Horfe out of ignorance bee about to doe contrary to your will, then to vfe this worde : Bem/e3 at which if hec doe not flay and take better deliberation, but wilfully purfue his er- ror .the to correct him & \fe this word Vitlayn or Tray tor, or fuch like, fo you vfebiu one words and when be doth as you would haue him, to chcrifhhim,& vfe this word So boy, in a fhortfpace you (hall bring him to that know- ledge that hee will wholy bee dire6ted by thofe wordes and your cemmaundment; yor. fhallneueratany time giue him any foode,but whenhee doth fomething to de- ierueit, that knowing alwayes the caufe why hee hath foode, be may with more diligence regard and obferue youinwhatfoeueryoudoe : Now when ycu haue thus made your horfe acquainted with obedience andlouing vntoyou, and ready to obferue euety thing which fhall proceed fromycUjWhen he kncwcspcrfcdly the diuer- fity of your wordes5and the caufe ol your great tormen- ting ar.dpunifhing him, when you haue brought him to an emptie body and a hungry appetite, fo that eticn for his belly fake hee will double his diligence, for it is ? ge- neral! rule that reitnes flying Hswke, ror fettir c Spani- «U muft bee kept more empty thcnaHoifein this cafe, Bbb 2 then
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2 6 The eight <Boo{e.
then you may begin to teach him to fetch your gloue,
firft by making hi'm take your gloue into his mouth and holding it, then ky,ie?ting the gioo«.fall to thegtound, and making him take itvp, and laftty by throwing the gloue aprettiewayfrorayou, and making him fetch it anddeliueritvnto you , and euery time hee dooth to your contentment, you fhall giue him two or three bitts ofBreade, and when hee offends you two or three flrokes; or if you finde him very wilfull or vnapt to conceiue, then affoone as you haue corrected him, you fhall put on his muzzell, and let him ftand for at lesft fixe houres after without meate, and then prooue him again, yet you mufi haue great patience in teaching him at thefirft,and not leaue him by any meanes till hee doth fomething fafhion himfelfe to your liking, and after once you perceiue he doth vnderftand you, then if hee doe amiffe, you mufi by no meanes ouerflip pu> nifhtnent ;for the greateft difficultie is in the firft en- trance to learne, and whether hee doth well or ill, or whatfocuer he doth you fhal by no meanes change your words or vfe more fpeech then what he perfectly vnder- ftands. Till he will very readily recciue y our gloue,you fhall by no meanes make him take it from the ground, and till he willtakeitfrom the ground as quickly as you can let it fall,you (hall not by any meanes make him fetch it,for to haue two lcffons imperfect at once,would make aconfufion inthehorfcs memory, and before you make him perfect in any of thefe three,you fhall by continuall vfe and calling vpon him make himknow his own name, fo that whenfoeueryon pronounce it,he may (whatfbe- ucr he is doing) lift vp his head, & looke you in the face, which is a'figne hee attends your pleafure: and to bring all
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Iheeight'BoQfy. iy
alhhcfethingcs to pafTe, there is no other Art to be v-
fed then labour and induftry ioyned to the obferuations already prefcribed : and there be lomc horfes which af- ter they are acquainted with the Man and his meanings will perfoi me all this in lefle then a weeke, orhcr Horfes I haue feene which haue bin a month about one of them,
wherefore when you will trie thefe conclufions, you muft not thinks much with any labour. When your Horfe will recciue your Gloue, take vp your gloue, and fetch your gloue,youfhall then make him carrie a gloue Whether yon will in this fort: Firftyou fhall makehim receiueitinhismouth, and then pointing out a place with your rodde you fhall fay vnto him Deliuer, and not leaue repeating that worde fomctimes more fharpely, fomctimes gently, till hce lay or at Ieaft bo we his headc downe with it to that place where your rodde pointed and then you fliall cherifh him, and giue him bread,thus you fliall labour and apply him cuery houre when hee is hungry, till you haue made him that hee will carry to a- ny place againft which you point your rodde, and when you fay Delmer^hea to let it part from his mouth. Nowe yon muftobferue that whileft you teach him
thus, looke to what place you point your rodde, ro that place alfo you muft moft conftantly place your eye, not remouingitto any obiect,tillyour will beeperf'orm'd, for it is your eye and countenance , afwell as your Wordes,by which the Horfe is guided, and whofocuer note 5<f#£wCurtall, might feethat his eye did vtuec Part from the eye of bis Maifter; when your Horfe w ill lhtiS by the direction of your rod and your eye >carr> any lJingyouwilltotheplice you fhall appoirfc&iin-vm'o, then you fhall fo honrely pradife him thcriiyha't i, the vai..^ Bbb 3 end |
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2 8 ihe eight'Booke-
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cad ifyou doeipake neucr fo flight a Ugne with yo*
rodde, fo y our eye bee conftantly fo, yet the horfe w II beare it towardes that place, which as oft as hee dooth, youftiallcherriftihim and gue him rooJc, t.icn you (haUcaufct^oorthreeby-ftandcrstoftandaprcmcdi- ftance one from another, and then gluing the Horfe the
Gloucyou^allwithyourrodpointathimtowhome von wouldhauehimcarrieit, and alTooneashecomes neare,or but towardes the partic yon point at hee (hall putoutbishaod and receiue the ^oue from him and you (b all then chcrifh the horfe,ai* &™ hjm bread.and thus you fhal doe to euery feuerallby-ftandcr diners and fundry times,till the Horfe be fo perfitc,that he will goc to which or whome you will point ar,and when he doth erreneuerfolittle,you (hall notfailehrftto bidhimi*
rf,and then if heamend notinftantly,to dorrea him -, this done,you fhallmaketwo by-ftanderstoftandclofe together,and then pointing at one of them, if the horfe itiiftake and looke more towards the othcr.,you Oaall bid him Be wife, and then if hemrne his head to wards the o- ther,hee (hall prefently receiue the Gloue,and you fta cherifhthe horfe, this by labour and praftife hee will orowefocunningin, that if there bee neuer fo grcata company, looke but vpon what you fixe your eye, or to what obiea you beare the point of your rodde, to that
onely the horfe will carry what is deliuered him,where- in you are but onely to helpe him thus farre, that when hee is neare the partie,you giue him comfort,ancI caule the party to take what the horfe bringes: Then after to Piue a create r grace to the aaion, or to make fond peo- ple wonder, you may blindfolde the horfe, and taking a- ny mans Gloue »iecret,afccr vnblindfolde bim,and bid |
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¥ he eight *Boo{e. ip
thehorfebearetheglouetohim from whom you tookc
ir, which by the direction of your eyeandrods hee will prefentlydoe. Now if you will teach your Horfe to reckon any num-
ber, by lifting vp and pawing with his feete,you fhalfirft SwSaJT* with your rodde, by rapping him vpon the thin, make him takehisfoote from the ground, and by adding to yourrodonecertainewordeasl^ : or fuch like, nowe when he will take vp his foote once, you fhall cherrifh him, and giue him breade, and when hee fets it vpon the ground, the firft time you fhall euer fay one, then giue him more breade, and after a little paufe, labour him a- gaine at euery motion, giuing him a bit of bread till hee be (o perfir, that as you lift vp your rod, fo he will lift vp hisfoote, and as you moue your rod downeward, fohc will mooue hisfoote to the ground, and you (hall care- fully obferue to make him in any wife to kcepe true time With your rodde, and not to mooue his foote when you Ieauero moue your rod, which correcting him when hee offend^,both with ftrokes and hunger,he willfoone bee carcfull to obferue, after you haue brought him to this perfeetneffe, then you fhall make him encreafehis numbers at your pleafurc.as from one to two, from two to three, andfofoorth, till in the end hee will not leaue pawing with his foote, foiong as euer you moue your rodde vp and downe, and in this by long cuftome, you fhall make him fo perfect, that if you make the motion of your rod neuer fo little, or hard to bee perceiued, yet hee will take notice from it, and in this led on as in the °ther,youmuft alio direct h.im byyoureye, fixingyour Cves vpon the rodde, and vpon the horfes feete all the While that you moue it : for ir is a rule in the Nature of B b b 4 horfes,
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i°
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*Ibe eight ISooke*
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horfes, that they haue an efpeciall regard to the eye,
face, and countenance of their keepers, fo that once af- ter you haue brought him toknowethshelpeofyour eye, you may prcfumehee will hardly erre except your eye mifguide him: and therefore euer before you make your Horfe doe any thing , you muft firft make him lookcyouinthefacc. Now after you haue madehim perfite in thefe obferuations, and that he knowes his fe- uerallrewardeSjboth for good and euilidoings, then you may aduenture to bring him into any company or a(rcmbly,and making any man thinke a number,and tell ityou in your eare, you may bid the Horfe tell you what number the man did thinke , and at the end of your fpeech bee fure to fay laft rp : for that is as it were a watch-worde to make him knowe what hee muftdoe, and whilcft you are talking, you fhall mike him looke in your face, and fo your eye directing him vntoyour roddc, you may with the motions thereof, make him with his fooce declare the number before thought by the by-ftandcr. From this you may create a World of other toyes, as how many Maydes, how many Foo-les, how many Knaues,or how many Rich men are amongft a multitude of gazing pcrfons , making the World wonder atthatwhich is neither wonderfull, norfcarce artificial!. Now for the making ofaHorfe to lye downe when a HoTfe iyf you will,thateucry ordinary Horfc-courfer, orHorfe- downc. ambler,can make his Horfe by beatinghim, firft vpon both his fore fhinnes, and making him kneeledowne5 and fo by degrees to make him lye all along, after what fafhion or manner you will3 as if cither hee were deade, aflcepc, or elfe couching and watching to fee fome- thingi
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The eight Boo^e, 21
thing-, whereinis onelytobee obferucd, tTi
of the cetraine worde you vfe for that p ■
your reward for well dooing,andyour cone j
heeoffendes, and all fiich helpes which y-
you teach either Hound or Spaniell to cone1;
for the moft part atthefirftonelyanawfull. • ring',
orconimaundmenttillheevnderftandyoc.jrn :?.!:_,„ J
after as it were but arailde and cheerefull intreaty.
Now for to make him rile vpfodainelyagjtine,,and
either to ftrikejeape, or vfe any defperate morion.you fhall but onely acquaint him with foms other worde contrary to that by which you forcft him to lye downe, and affoonc as you vfe it, you fhall not onely helpe to raifehim vp with your hand, but by pricking, tickling, or toying with him, make him yerke vp his hinder parts, and offer to runne and bite at you, your felfe feeming as it were to bee aff raid of him, and as it were in a plea- fant manner to fhrinke and runne away from his furies and that you may doe this with more cercaihtie^ you fhall before you teach him to He downe, teach himta yerke behinde by pricking him in the buttocke with a fharpe Nalle, Goade, or fuch like inftrument, but in any cafe not by vfing your rodde, for that being your inftru- ment of correction , muff neuer be vfed but when hee offendsjlcaftheemiftakingthevfcjdoelikewifemiftakc when hee doth offend, and when hee dothpleafe you. Alfo you fballteach himbeforche come to fall down,
to runne, and bite, and fnappe at you as heeplaies, and is familiar with you, by twitching at his lips, andfbrin- king your hand againe,or fometimes by pricking him in thelippes with a Pinne, or fuch like; or by making him runne vp and downe after you,for in fuch wantonneffe a Horfc
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22, 1 be eight cBoo/(e
Horfe is naturally adicted to knauery ; Nowewncnhce
hathlearntthefe toyes,you may then imploy them, and mixethem with any tricke whatfoeuer, and from thefe toyesyoumay create twenty others as much or more fantafticall,which would askea great toyle to declare in writing, and yet in their teaching they haue but one Me- thod or manner of inftrudtion. Of making Now to conclude, that you may make a horfe to piffe aHorfe piffo, when y.on would haue him (or at leaft to ftraineand Mb«r»ai'e)& wouehimfclfe thereunto) or to leauepiffingwhen you pleafe,you fhall for two dayes at the leaft, watch him, andkeepe fuch diftancc of times , that hee may neuer pifTc,but when you vrge him, and to that end you fhall once in two or three houres leadc your horfe vp and do wne vpon ftraw, lb foftly, that hee may as it were but putone footeand ftandftill,thenanothcrand fraud ftill, yourfelfe continually faying vnto him Piffe, Piffe, and thus you fhall doe it it bee a whole day together, til hee doe piffe or ftraine himfelfe to pifTej and then you fhall reward him with breade; and till hee doe piffe or ftraine himfclfc to piffe, you fliall neither mooue him in any o- therlefTon,norlethimtaflefoode though it werefora weeke together, and by this meanes after hee vnder- ftands your meaning, you fhall no oftner fay Ptffe,but he either will piffe, or ftraine himfelfe to piffe, and thenar your plcafurc acquainting him with a contrary worde as No wore ox fuch like, which bceing fpoken in threatning fort,and accompanied with correction, you fhall make him flay his pifting, when,and as oft as you pleafe. As this motion of piffing, fo you may vfe him in his eating, drinking, or any other Naturail a<5tion,and though thefe appeare very vnnaturall, yea euen toHorfe-menihem- felucs,
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1heei
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igm nco^e. -n
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fdues3 yet they are as eafie to bcetffeaed, as any toy
whatfoeucr. Now for Trotting, Ambling or Dauncing when you
plcafe, or feuerally to vfe which you pleafe, von are bun firft to make him feuerally to knowc the motions, and to vfe to euery motion a feuerall helpers when you would haue him Daunce, to jeike him ouerthwart the mid- backe, when you would haue him Trot, to jerkc him vp- on the (boulder, and when you would haue him Amble to jerke him vndcr the belly, and to knit to euery helpe a certain worde,and you (hallfinde it more certaine then any other tricke whatfoeuer. And thus hauing giuen you thefe flight taftes of the entrance into thefe fuperfi- cialltoyes, which are more to ftirre admiration then profit, fith from thefe may bee deriued all others which hauebeeneput in practife, I thinke it not good to trou- ble you further with any large relation. |
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CHAP. 6.
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Of drawing drffoote> and the aptnejfe of
Hcrjeitheteumo. IT is not longagoc fincea worthy Gentleman mine
efpeciall friend (talking with mee touching the Na- tures and difpofkions ofHorfes) began amongft ci- ther conferences to lay me downeftrong arqumenrs and Very good and probable reafons, that it might bee poffi- b'eto makeaHorfe to draw dry-foot after any Man,and Jodulingiiifh Scents with his nofe afwell asanyBlood- Uound,or (lut-hound whatfocuer,both becaufe a Horfe of
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34- cEkc etgbt TSooke.
of all other Ikaftes is molt dainty and curious of fmell,
. and alfo is more apt to vndertake, and more able to per- forme any thing then any other bead, by afmuch as hee is of greater vnderfhnding and better capacity, and for an inlUnceof his purencffeotfmelling, wee know that let a Horfe bee blind-folded neucr fo clofe , and but brought where a proude N4are is,hee will inftantly fmell her,andgroweascouragiousas if his eyes had neuer fa great liberty ;Horfes alfo haue beene knovvne toftart, and to vndertake the (cent of a Bcare long before they haue cither feene or come neare the Beare ; fo thata horfe becing able both to vent and winde a farre off the fcentSjWhich both plcafe and dilpleale him, it muft con- fcquently follow that Nature hath giuen them benefue enough infmeliing,and there onely wantesbutanindu* ftrious minde to venter vpon theimploymcnt 5 out of fuch like arguments as thefe, it pleafed him to vrge mee to make tryall of his imagination, and fo to report what I found in the pra&iie: but at thattimcbeing oucr-mai- flred with the worlds bufineffe (I mean crofles and Law
fuites) I could not fo prefently purfue it,botfince being deliuer'd of thofe fetters, 1 beftowcd a monthespra- difetofeewhatlcould bring to paff'e, and it is mod af- fured 1 found it very poffible,for thus farre I proceeded; Hrft after I had kept my horfe in themu2zella Wceke and more, and broughthim to fuch a {harpnefTe and ea- gerncffe of ftomacke, that hee waseuenalmoftmad for foode, and when I had brought him to a perfect familia- rity and acquaintance with mee, making him euereate that little which hce had giuen vpon the ground, after I had troad on it with my foote, 1 then went into a bare- ■ clofe, and there laide downe a peccc of Breade, andTet my
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The eight Hoo^e. 35
myfootevponit, and then another within a foot of it,
and trod vpon it alfo, and fo laide piece by piece one within a foote or two of another, till I had gone twenty or thirty y ardes,and then ftood clofe vnder a hedge or a walljio as the horfe might not fee me,then Icaufedone to bring foorth the horfe, and to bring him to thefirft peece of bread, and fo to the fecond, and fo from peece to peece, till heecaineto theplace where I flood, where prefently I gauchim as many Oates as hee would eare, and then put on hismuzzell : for you muft vndeirftand that Bread is onely good to make the Traine with,but to fcede the horfe continually with it , the fauour is fo ftrong, that it would fomewhat hinder his fcent, where- as Oates hauing nofuch rancknefte,workes no fuch im- perfection : in this fort I continued him twice a day for 3 weeke together, euery time making mytraineafeue- rall way, till the horfe grewe fo cunning, that alToone as hehadtafted the firft peece hee would euen trot from peece to peece, andmakcnoftay till heecame where I ftood. After this I laide my firft peeces of bread more then a yarde a fundcr, and towardes the latter end of the traine I laid them a dozen yardes a funder, fo that then hee began to truft more to his nofe then he did before, and thus I v fed him for more then another weeke, till he came to that perfection that hee would make him rtmnc Which ledde him, in all which time I eiter obferued,thac if hee cither grew negligent or careleffe of his bufinefle, or fell to gnaw vpon thecarth, prefently hee which led him, afrer fo me rating and beating him, put on his muz- *eil3 and hee ftood at leaft a dpzen houres afrer without ^°ode5 but this neither did,rtor will happen but very fel- doinej
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4,
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^ 6 J be eightBoo\e
dome,efpeciallyifyoukeepe him in right temper,which
is, that heemay bee extreame hungry, but not faint or fickc with hunger, and alio 1 didneuerfaile but when he had found me out, I gaue him water aswellasOates; the third weeke, I made his Traine at lead a quarter of a myle, and not aboue fixepeecesofBreade in all the traine, yet fo plac'ft , and the traine made lo plains, that if at any timetherehapenedaflighterrour, yethee which ledde him by knowing my paffage was able to helpe and putt him into the Hue pathe againe, and thus I pra£tifed the Horfe, and increafed bis knowledge by fuchleafurable degrees, that before a month was paft, lhauenot laideaboue two peeces of breade in, more then a quarter of a myle, and haue with my beft dili- gence endeauoured to deceiue both the Horfe andhee whichleddchim, but I founde that with nofaircplay 1 was able to doe it, but goe whether I would in any orderly fafhion, and the Horfe would findc men out; How thus farre onely I did procecde in this experiment
partly to fatisfic my freind, and partly to better mine owne judgement, when compelled ( as poore meu are) to follow other occafions, 1 was fame to defift and to leauemydefirebiithalfefatisfied ; fo that how aHor- fes nofe is able to dired him when hee comes to diuer- fitie of Earths j to hye-wayes, to thefoylings of other Cattle, and to wette and moyft places, I am not able as yet to iudge, onely for what I haue hitherto feene,or whatin theNature or compofuion ofaHorfel vnder- fland I finde nothing to abate or difcouragc try hope, and for mine ownc part I haue fuch a confident opi- nion therein, that 1 make no doubt but whofoeuer fhall
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1he eight "Bco^e. ]J
fhall take in hand the pra6l>fe,fhall findeit cafie and full
of probabilitie, till whenlreferreall whatfoeuer t h written in this whole Arte of Horfe manlhip to the judgement of fiich whoreade without mallice or detraction. * * * FINIS.
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