Wegens onderzoek aan deze collectie is bij deze boeken ook de volledige buitenkant gescand. De hierna volgende scans zijn innbsp;volgorde waarop ze getoond worden:

Due to research concerning this collection the outside of these books has been scanned in full. The following scans are, in order ofnbsp;appearance:

ftum Caefarem accuratiflRmeconfcriptijSC lods quamplurimis hac ed�ione ctnendad,nbsp;ADIVNCTIS NVNCnbsp;prfmiim

LljCiViS ROM- CASTIGATIONIBVS/ATb ** qucAnnotationibutineofdcmlongedo�i߻nbsp;AD FRANCISCVM VALESlVU. GAL�nbsp;liarum Regem.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;,? fnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;/

frondihus � te nerif,culmifq; recenti!)U�,oIiitt Exigtiof hommes conflitu�re domos.

Atpofiqu�m Ingenium �mul at^ indu�riA creuit, Ad meliordm�nuserudiere rudes.

' Arte cArebatddhuc hominum fo�ertia, prtefens Ogitrn Liber eximid �lidtAte docet.

fcarburw: fei quia nulliMHllinnelioribuifecuUsin publicum prodircau^ debate qui non aliquid utilitatis affvrret fuo laborei id ipfumieti� de argu^nbsp;tnentis�nquibui ucrfati funt^fentiendum efl. Non cnimres uUatfolebantnbsp;tra^andas fujpicere^ni�quas inte�igcreieffetoperteprecium . Et tarnennbsp;uidetnu^quofdamueterwmyetiamqui funtex optima nota^uelcontemninbsp;otnnino^ uel in paucorum bibliothecis delitefeere ; � maiore aute fludiofo*nbsp;runt parte nunquam attingi, in eo numerotefl hic. M. Vitruuius, cuiitsnbsp;cum Opus de Archite�iuraiegregium /�teantur omnef, le�uq; in primisnbsp;dignum,prteteritur tarnen f�r� ab omnibus, Nomen quidemipfumle�ce=snbsp;lebreicr pauct�imifunt^ uel ex mediocriter do�lis, qui Vitruuiumide Ar�nbsp;chiteJlura fcrip�ffe ignorent. A t uix centefimus quif^ interea nouit, quidnbsp;liber contineat, Hoetno ideo accidit^uelquia author malus�t^aut ineptus,nbsp;uel quiagenus argumenti�t cognitu inutile : fed quia nimisfunt delicatitnbsp;qui liter arumfiudia hodie fe�lantur, E ligunt enimtaut Icuiora �ripta,autnbsp;amoenrora, ex quibus/delc��ationem �ne magno labore capiant � Ergotnbsp;quia hic vitruuij hber/nonnihil e�e obfcuruscreditur: propter di�icultanbsp;ten^aheius Ic^lioneutplurimum abhorrent, Nam feriptoremipfumtnonnbsp;pofjuntftanquam minus idoneum,repudiare.Erimum,ca atateuixit, ernbsp;Opus hoc cdidtt,quo uera folidaq^ eruditioflorebat,aut certe adhucuigCKnbsp;bat.Etfemper'ab eruditis hominibus, quibutiiudicandt author it as commitnbsp;ni omnium confenfu tribuitur, habitus e� bonusi^:}- nonuulgarisprecifnbsp;fcriptor,Fatendum e�certel�ucdrcs ip fa dcclaraqnonadeo bene exponbsp;litam habere diHionem (Eatine enim loquitur magis, quam�lendideiaut

� doquentery.uerwmmeminerimus, non ideo/hocopusrcliqui�e, utelo* quentiam indedifeeremus, Ipfequoq^pluribus locis idexcufat, quodmhnbsp;nusexcultamhabeatorationemtueniamq^�bi daripoftulat,quamarcm�

tedloconeediiequum �t.Et �rtaffctres ^udm ira^ldt, ex edrum eft gtit� re^quteidoceri cotemlt;e, peut dittUdniliut^eKorndri elegdntiore ftylo nonnbsp;ftuliincdnt, QUdnlt;iudm pmfilcxelleiui di�io mdgis,qu(imimpurddutnbsp;corruptdtut peile animdduertdiS,neglc�umdgi$qu4minfcitidp�um,utnbsp;mdior� nitorem in eo de�deres. Griecds uoeesftbinde interferit ; iicl quinnbsp;Latindi non hdbebdt, quibusiomnid qute uolebat exprimeret/iel quidgranbsp;ce [dtis idm nou erunt ,crufu peruulgdfde, etidm inter homines Romd�nbsp;nos. Ndm quemddmcdum cr exqwptiorndipeiorum ftrudurd, ZT md�nbsp;chin�fubtilioredYtipciofabrcp{lie,dlidqueeiusgencris,itcmmupcdV:!F,nbsp;quxcunq; dd uitdm cultiorem pertinent drtes, ex Griceid in Itdlidm pro*nbsp;dierunt: itd nomindquoqueifecum dttulerunt,quibus/originemfudm rcanbsp;f�rrcnt.NunctnhisuocdbulK intedigendisplurimS�bordmus, qua tune inbsp;propter rerum notitidm,ettd uulgo erdntuptdtd. Sedhacobfcuritiisidili^nbsp;gentid eyr ftudio uinci pote/l,qud! rionnuUos deterret, quo minus experirinbsp;iiupnt,qudtndrdttt{SdutmoleftusptiBisfi(turufldbor, Minimeergo deanbsp;buerdt hac resimminuere vitruuio grdtidm dpud homines non ignduostnbsp;fed potiusieoru induftridm cxcitdre,ut eo dttentiore condtu/dd eius le�io�nbsp;nem dccederent.qua pratered funt cdufie,qua tlliinon minimum commennbsp;ddtionisdff�runf.quod cr plus', in hoc drgumenti genere nobis extdtinbsp;Cf id ippum�tdfedulo e:^ dccurdte exequutus eft, ut uix quidqudm dbfolitnbsp;tius ( quod ddfidemcr ueritdtem dttinet) requirere quis po�it, Rogdbisnbsp;prfdn,quorfumtibi^etercmArehite(lurdmdifcereconducdttPrimum,nbsp;prepgt;ondedmj}oncftdoblcdldt�onemqu(eindeexcipitur,nondeberepronbsp;nihilo duc�multi, opinor, id mihi conc�d�rent, funt enim non pduci,quinbsp;pu�um huncimdgnd ex porte fpedant in literis .Atquijthic unus eft ftlt;*nbsp;nK,inquies,pnemdgnd iodlurd licebit contemnere,frtcor,pitd res hdbeanbsp;ret� Verum no uoluptos fold,fed moni�ftd nee p�nitendd utilitosiinde renbsp;f�rri poteft-.coque multiplex, Qj^ontum enim dedecus e�, quod quiinternbsp;do�os/non modo locum,fedgrddum quoq-dliqucmhobere uolunt, pdrfesnbsp;fudrumadiumnon poffuntfuisnominibus dtfeernerei AtpquisinVi^nbsp;truuionon ofeitanter pt uerfatus, isifuum cuique portiproprium nomennbsp;reddet.Deindeiperi nonpotefl, quin identidemlin legendisontiquisfcri^nbsp;ptoribus haptes niphuiusfubpdio peris odiutus. Hicieft dlterpuiluStnbsp;quem contemnerc no oportet,H�bet non exiguom loudem Lo^zorus Bdi=s

fius,quid colle�Hsundccunq^ te�imotiijs, interfecomigt;lt;iriitis, diiitMtt �d rei nautica intelligentiam�pitte�cerit.Cur idf Setnpeiquoniam hdc (uitnbsp;induflria, ad intcllig�dtts ueteres hiftorids, quafi tndnu direxit eoSt^uiitinbsp;iutore opushaMant.Ergctquiltbcl�um illum tegunf,nonputdntifeofielt;*nbsp;rd male collocare. Quid ergo de Vitruuio fentiend� i guinon unam duttnbsp;taxai par t�, fed tot fimul res ccmplexnf : non fepultd uetiffldt is monumennbsp;ta hinc inde eruit,fed ip fam uettiflat�(citius fitu oculdtus teftisjnobisxftd�nbsp;fi in tdbulis defcriptamtreliquit.Neqi mthi olijciM,fiiijfc rationem Kffc enbsp;rumid noflra prorfusdiuerfdm:tdeog}icippellaUones,quibi{i u�funt,ne^nbsp;temportbiis no�ris conuenireineq; pojfe d nobis intelligi, Nrfw cww deci �nbsp;mus liberiudicetur alijs ab�ru�or.uidemus tame Budteum liocundi prcjnnbsp;byteri operd adiutum, machmarum nomindiad lt;etatem nofir am ufunt^nbsp;preefentem'dccommodaffe. Nf lt;�; fdwcn aliqua efie ncgo,qu�iMx ullus unonbsp;quam hominum a/fequetur:fcd hdc/ad reltqud inuefiigdnda impedimentanbsp;effe minime debent,His queq- accedit aliud tcrtium,quod non loquitur utnbsp;manuarius opiftxtfed res de qutbus dgit,exltberaliiiartium fontibus du�nbsp;Has de depromptdSjCum rationeexpcnit.ltd hiewultd Philofophiex intenbsp;rionbus fuis thefauris defumptd recognofeent, Hdbebut tAdthematiciiittnbsp;qutbus fe exercedKt.Hdbcbunt bMificitartisfuteprincipidtex Ariftoxenonbsp;translata.

Hiecicum uere fe it a haleant,minime malam me apud erudites gratiam fpero,qui/cldri�imii hunc Attthore,tot dotibus,tot prlt;eclaris exemnbsp;plw nobilem,in lucem produxt.ln quo,quantum lab!}risexhduferim,tdmonbsp;eqt qutlibet ingenue candore pr�diHts/�ftimare potent, tarnen nonnuUd inbsp;ucluti digito indicare tantum uolui,c�tera'do�lorum hominum ingenuitynbsp;fi pcriniffurus^.Principio^payi/ienfe exeplar na�lifumus,quodqu�mcornbsp;ruptum,maleq^!dd textus modum digeftum fiierit, confirendo ftudicfifiicinbsp;le intelligent.in ipfo Authoris oper�,toca fupra centumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quadragintet i

uel emendata,uel in melius reftituta: Ic�lionis it� uanetasin plcristj; locis diligenter expof�ta, Annotdtioncs prdterea pa�tm Capitibiis fubiunxionbsp;mus.Quoties autem nimis prolixd fiere Capitd,eisdtm casinfertauimus.nbsp;Porro/itthis omnibus,quo ficilior, expeditiorq; Le�lorifirct inquirendinbsp;labor, fingula Annotationum fiue Caftigationum lccaitcxtui proprijs litenbsp;rw ltd dptduimuSfUt ilico,quo ordinecontextafint omnid,appareAt.Grlt;enbsp;A A lij

Cd ^tiamieruditorum ope,(luodd licuit, rcHituimm. TiJelt;iue tdmenctufiUi rcpurgdtdeffepro�teor, non cnimdu� fummtemcretnutdre, ubinobisnbsp;certd ueritds non con;hb.i!:ctnrn(i mendum interdum fubejfeiconijcere^*nbsp;tnui. Quonidm autcm�gurte�uc(^n/ji,lt;xTlt;d.idd explicdtioncm rei tco� dtfnbsp;ficilii atq- obfcurx,maximum adiumentumadfiruntjueteresmulto dcg�^tnbsp;t{ui,lt;ju4ni Florentina funt rcddit�: quibuf/plus minus f:xdgintdinou� abnbsp;ipfo Phildndro (tdiccSf.rto� di�imuli arte atqs ueaujUte. Hk dccc�crHtttnbsp;Ca�igationcs,�ue Annotationes nominarelibet, Cldri�imi,do.di�imiq;nbsp;hominK,G VLIELMIPHILANDR J,qui/nouo cxemplo,res den*nbsp;fi�imistenebriiinuolutas,ita illuftrauit,utnoua uelutiue�eindutusnbsp;truuius t in dodorut� hominum coetumtucnire audeat. indicem Griccuntnbsp;utriusi^ Authorislita coniunximui,ut tarnen alter ab alteroipeculiari߻nbsp;gnointernofci po�itAdemls:^ in Latinoj�dum,qttem tarnen longecopi=nbsp;o�orem priorelt;editioneitradiinus�udio�s:quod res ipfa/utramq; con� �nbsp;rcntibui,declarabit^Authores,quo5 uelcitduit Philander, uel ab alqs er�:nbsp;tdtos aduocauit, Cufani Dialogo fubiunximus, Poflremalulium Fronti �nbsp;num.cr Nicoki Cufani,de Staticis experimentis dialogum,quii cum Vi�nbsp;truu'� argumento lapti�ime conuenire uidebantur, in hbri caleem reieci=nbsp;mus.Huius tantumiadhuc Ledorem admonitum uolui,Titulos �chemati �nbsp;bus dd�criptos,ex italica uer�one mutuatos nos effetnon enim funtnbsp;Vttrutti� Verba qu� lo.iucundus uel repofuit, uel addidit,nbsp;reliquimus,ueruhisnotis inclufd,quo dif=nbsp;cernerentiff. Nuncpeto lt;i fludto�sLedori*nbsp;�� buSfUt fedulitati noflrlt;e�ueant :Qr߫nbsp;cubi kuiter peccatum e�.

Signumhoc inci� , Vitruni�ibrosdenoUtLedor: . pun�ttm iuxtd ciphrlt;im,pofleriorem pdgitid! pdrtetn.

Abacus logijiicui ex tc^ nbsp;nbsp;j�us,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;f�j

Aamp;4CM� f;,dus�nM= nbsp;Acetumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;iSf

tio nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;167 AcetiMturdmira, ist,

do nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;154 ritdsfoluit tst,

Abicj, 18. SS xoi Acetdbulummett� 17S. Ablesftuuidtanbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;^s Aciduldac^udcalculo'^

peritM 9} 97 9lt;s. Aciesoculorumijuoiu* Abi�gn�rdtes,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;91nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�cfKr,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;xjo.

Abfcedentiii, 86 190 Acicioculorumli}}e� Ab/lemius,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;tssnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;rejpondednt,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;x$o

AbflemijfiutttexCli= Acroterid. u. terio�ute j66. Acrofcrwmeiiwnd mnbsp;Abunddntid pdtu�ris[nb Acroterid procurren=nbsp;terra^nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;mnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Z4z

Acdnthia ,�s Acroterid dttguldrid ZT Acdtftbus fc�lptus, �S medidttd, if?nbsp;Acdtioticjuid 4$5(ilt;gt;o. AdoresComiciz^Trd=nbsp;Acceptoriiis modulus t7 9nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;g'd, 199 1x7.

(Mrfcb;n4 48i. Actus inter cd�eUd^udii ~:Accumbendimosue=nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;td,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;570

terttJM iss Adorlt;((�ri4({ Orient cm Accubitori�edi tS},nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;conuer�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�S6,

Adordturi, Sole occiden� tc dddujlrum�iedd�nbsp;bdntnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;iss,

Adiedui, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;1x9

Adiedio, if �i8 Aditus, 13 13 �oSnbsp;Admini/�rdtiodi^Hff, 4x9nbsp;Adridnilmpcr.pons 7Snbsp;Aedes Apo�inis,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�14

Aedes Augufli tot Aedes Bdrycd 110nbsp;Aedes Bdrycepbtilit 1x0nbsp;Aedes columtJdtie lofnbsp;Aedes Corinihid 17�nbsp;Aedes Corinth, �rudu�nbsp;rlt;e delicdt� 17Snbsp;Aedes Diiinif, �4-Aedis Didn� Ephef. lolt;nbsp;nief,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;los*

Aedes dipteros m m. Aedes di/^dufd itjnbsp;Aedes Doric4 17,nbsp;Aedes extrdmuros itdi*nbsp;ficdbdtur Veneri, Vulnbsp;cdno er Marti, 46,nbsp;Aedes cu�ylos 119nbsp;Aedes Honoris vir�

1 N D E X.

anag�yphicum opus !o3. apertura, iSS. analemma, 411 414. aperturagraduum n�,nbsp;anaporicahorolos aphronitrum �17.

apolloColo�icus, 44S. apo�o Delphicus,�s,i}9nbsp;apophygis, tSr. �91.nbsp;apopbygis unde du�a ranbsp;tio 111

apotome apothecicnbsp;apotbefts 111 ilt;�7.*94.nbsp;apoxiomenosnbsp;apparatio, inbsp;appendiculumnbsp;989 apportatio,nbsp;aquartwinatura,nbsp;?ojnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;calida et�rueSyO^,

gt;14. a quas aquis multo pra� flare 34.4.,.nbsp;aquiedu�usflruiHii jjnbsp;aqunedu�us lateri=(i7Stnbsp;tijRom�xiiij, 37S,.nbsp;aqua ducitur quadriua�nbsp;riam,

aquie ex partibus mundi iudicantur 941nbsp;aqua�ntanalis jyonbsp;aqult;e inueniendte multianbsp;plex ratio 340�nbsp;aquamejfl/flhieric�. 97�nbsp;aquamexprimere 9S0,nbsp;aquamhbrare 973nbsp;aquam limoldm fale corenbsp;BB ,

Alueuiluflorius, Alumenunde,nbsp;Alumino�flntes, 549.nbsp;AwdriffW,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;51.

Awhtw fleUarum pris angiportus, 33.39 41.

Wie magnitudinis zy angulisfine/�r^uitiofe reliquarum. 4�7,

10(5 114 Ambulatiobypiethra,

190. 19 t. 140. Amtiiliifio�� byposnbsp;ge�,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;134.

Aw6�/ilt;tion�w coUocas

tio, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;119.

Awtu/rftoridtHrw 4S1. AmtuMtiks f�nduli, 465nbsp;Amerinafalix 99. 4(59nbsp;Amphiproftylos, lofnbsp;Ampbiproftylos ades

qute lit. lu Amphithalamus ,179-131nbsp;Arnphitheatrum, 4?.io8nbsp;Amphitheatrales ludiio9nbsp;Amphora 173nbsp;Amplei�on. 34.nbsp;Amuflos,idefl�ndo(lus, an[afirrea,ienednbsp;Amu�tvtn, 4t}7 (il. dntiamp;orifuw,nbsp;Amu�is 307 antithalamufnbsp;Amujj�atumopus isr- Anxur�ns,

BiwKffj. 44S 4� aftabora(3'Aftapus�4O Artificesfiios tantum eru aftafobanbsp;dtebant,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;147.

Artificiiquid authoritar temfticiat, 100nbsp;Artilix plumbariui,�7S,nbsp;Arundonbsp;Arundinibus tegeban �nbsp;tur domus, so.nbsp;Arundoaquam [ubeffe

prodit, 13S. Arundinesgrtecie, joi.nbsp;Afiarotos�cos tS�.nbsp;AscrA�is, 104 Ul �4�nbsp;Afcia zy afciare joo.nbsp;A fcendens machina, 479nbsp;�Ififrgo,nbsp;a^halatonnbsp;a^e�uum figuranbsp;a^edusaduerfus 411.nbsp;ajfie�ius planetarum 4.nbsp;aftgt;e�us planetarii (4�.

�4ff. aftragalus ui u4* �6Snbsp;aftragalusLcsbia, 187.nbsp;aftrorumnumerus 41s.nbsp;aflrologi.j.figuris utun-turnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;14.

aftru�fteUadiffirt 41s; aftufapes �4S,nbsp;afty�ue aftu, sssnbsp;athlctlt;e, �40 *80.

jS�. athos mons in Alexan*nbsp;driejfigiem, 48,nbsp;athlas mund�firens, zsinbsp;atlasquierDyrisnbsp;atlantidesquif,nbsp;atomiquidnbsp;atramentumnbsp;atramentumlibrariiijignbsp;atramentumte�oriuii� Baliftas multi�riam tor*nbsp;atriumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;i6}

atrio Grteci non u�,i.6} atticie columns ti.T'nbsp;atticurges m. 1471S9nbsp;aula.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;isi.

au��oritas artipcium un* de�t,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;loo.

dHnpIgWfHZK, J,7. Jio

Centrum circini lyi Cf �f r�j� pro circini cru*nbsp;renbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;109.

Ceniru, pro fcdlmo 454 Cephifusflum. 301.nbsp;Ceriffotontepwgi�

tur nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;17�'�

Cerd minidtuld 402� Cerd protypus �ngen*nbsp;dus

Cerd punicd. i� cdndida quomodo�dl 31J.

Cfrfrw fdcri�cijs/uiticii �ondibits le�os �er=nbsp;nebdnt

Ceromd

Cer o�rotum Opus 191. Certdmind Gr�ci� qud*nbsp;tuor jsj.

Ccrtdisdi contrd beluus, quis modus

Cetrdsuulgo Ceruchinbsp;Ceruixligned,nbsp;Cerriis drbor,nbsp;Ceru�d,nbsp;Chdlcidicdnbsp;chdlddcinbsp;Chaldteii ignem Deum conbsp;lebdnt 336,nbsp;Chaldduex obferudtionenbsp;fydcrum �iturdpr�=nbsp;dicebdnt

CJiilentcs,

I N D E X.

; Chdrcbe�d uerfdtitid,

1 Chelonid 457. 4}$ (44?.

Choddces 447 . Chorogrdphid *ji 34y.nbsp;. Chordgium, 1x9, 4tfy.

Cfcoro6lt;lt;fcj, 37X , Chrdtifihomines cdiidi-dosdcflduosefficit3st

Chromd, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;tu

Cfcrowitttce, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;217

: Chryfocolld}if.fif,j24, cldui firrei in intc�ino ChryfoeoJlddrmenidCd

probdti�ima

Cilicid Cimabumnbsp;CimentumGdtt.

Cinndbdris Cinnabdriilndic,nbsp;Cirtinuinbsp;Ciraniduogcnerd 109.nbsp;Circini centrum ibidemnbsp;Circintd,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;xos

Qrcindtio delumbatd Circindtio,fiue rottindd=nbsp;tioi^uomodointetrdn eodgmentum, 3s 71. y�nbsp;tesuelo�dntes 46} eoagmentatio,nbsp;circuitionesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;fSo^

Circulus ddcircinum ex* pcndcndiis j.nbsp;circulum in pdrtes 3^0 dinbsp;uidi,qu�grddui ap*nbsp;peUdntur 4x5nbsp;circulusfignifir,i4^.4^9nbsp;circuldtio,

INDE X.

�ochlidescoIumn�Trd* columna, f 79 loy

MuiJcr Anfonwi jS3- columndtus, 139 Ccelum^undedt�um 40S columnd quid pro{gt;ri�nbsp;Coelum.proa�re, ij co.'KfUMiiriMnbsp;Coeliint cdmcrarum u. columns, arborum natunbsp;Coelum Empyreum 415nbsp;Calum Empyreum Dei columnarum tria genera

e^beatorufedes 41s Vitr��(o, iss columnie�riat� Call pars qu� dextra, columnaiionum gc�frlt;t co/�iM�i�/�elHtj �cMtremnbsp;qudldud, 407nbsp;caiidculum Sj colMmn4iLorintfc(lt;t tjj-canationes laqueatd 178 columnd compo�td puenbsp;canationu lacunar id �jnbsp;(�ndnduw� parcenbsp;coitus Lund quid,nbsp;coUtnaportdnbsp;coHdtina portdnbsp;coUicidteguldnbsp;coUigationesplextC 45?.nbsp;colhquid ascgt;'nbsp;solium cdpitulorum 179nbsp;coUuuiarium jso.nbsp;coltculuf,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;3I{

co/oranjtiwMMt compo

fiti colo�inbsp;colop'eumuu�g�

tbia/lrufluriie dedi= Dolo nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4f}

cdtlt;e nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;17S Dolid�ililid,

Hij�rtesiilui, 17S DomiMfocnerdfor�/� et Di; � �rttbui idoricie flrunbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;publicdnorum^ud^

�WiCiedcsdicdtieirs les, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;10.

Uijsinfirism effojjd ter Domus urbdndiqudlis, 19 rd fdcrt�cdndum is� Donicumpro donee i}inbsp;Dijinfeendmexfublimi Dorusd^uoDoresi6y.

117 Doric(eco/Mm�lt;exx.lt;t� gulos hdbent : uel xxnbsp;�rigibuiexedudtur is^.nbsp;Dorieigeneris pdriestsfnbsp;Doro�nbsp;Dorrfnbsp;Drdchmd,nbsp;Druidie Gdllisnbsp;Dudpondonbsp;Dupondiutn ijs. 19s.nbsp;Dui^drius �inisnbsp;Du(luidlt;iudrum,nbsp;Dyrismonsnbsp;lt;EEnbsp;Echednbsp;Echinusnbsp;Ecphor� uenu�ic,

Djf�luuidtdte�d iSo Ecphortcmutuloru, 15^4 Dij�o�tio, s S4 114 Effidlus,nbsp;Di�iofitiodrch.quid, 16 Effiilusoperum,nbsp;Di�bnantestociqui, iis Elegdns�ruilurdnbsp;Di/iributio drehit , is. E/ei�enfilt;tfMdt�ornbsp;Diuitids/cr c�icin^e ue= Eleodeu�uinnbsp;tu�dte,drti�cidMhos Eheoihe�umnbsp;ritdtcmpriebcre loo E�ychnium

Codr^ns tu, 143 EmZi4ttr

fdjfdlubritdtetn loci drguere, zs.nbsp;idiotarum con�lid'i^uan-do^ admittenda, zSfnbsp;leiunitiis bumoyts, s;.nbsp;ignis chaldaogt; (joz. 310nbsp;r�w Deus 3jlt;3.

Imbnccs intbricdtdc�mentdnbsp;Immi�driumnbsp;impdgesnbsp;Impedttio,nbsp;Impenftfre�gt;ondedt adnbsp;di�um,nbsp;impluaiuntnbsp;Impo�it Itdl.nbsp;Indinbuldtiones,nbsp;indurdtio^uo fidtnbsp;Incernerenbsp;incerniculuntnbsp;Inclindtiocoeli�gentes di intermenftru� lun^e 413 l�gHmentdrenbsp;iss, luncus tenuis,indiciumnbsp;433 fubeffed^udnt, 133,nbsp;135. iHtict� odortftKS/tKe yo�

pyimitjdt, xjx interpen�ud.

In cultro�are 460.469. mterfcalmiut� Incumb^nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;x36 inteyjeptMtn

Indecenttteuitium 313. intey/�3,io�,4tid India�ntes haberef^uo:^ intertignta

rum dt�id ut oleum Interua�a turrium, drdet, 353 interucnid, 64-97 ix nermicM�i�.

Indicuw 314 . sw. lrtter�eiitdj�|��op, 377 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;L

^�omodoji4t,iamp;idcn� intritd nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;3�� Labrum,

Indiuidua corpora, ss. inteliin�opus^fiss tabidumiter, Wwccye 309. jnuerfara, xos 139. L4conicH 139nbsp;indudto uelorutn, 435 inKentioArcbite^�.j �7 Ldcotomi�

Linea, pro finiculo jio (179 �07nbsp;Linediionew ad Archivnbsp;te�umpertinere j.

Ltngulati tubuli, Liparis flum,nbsp;Literatura mufica,nbsp;Litho�rotum opi�nbsp;Leca uocem impedtentia

Locus coge�itiui, feu pa lu�ris, ^9nbsp;Lociquadripartiti 119nbsp;Loci fdlubritas unde connbsp;ie�landa t�.

Locizya�rishabenda ratio.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;is.

Ljincc/�M �tis Ly tus finsnbsp;Lyfts

lt;� M

Mttcerotfo calcisquomoe

do, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;199.

M4cfrjlt;e nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;87

Macbindtiomb�., it M4cbj�4�OK�df, 1J4.nbsp;lAachinaquid, 4�*nbsp;Mitcbwdr� genera,ibid.nbsp;lAachinarum zy orga*nbsp;norumdifcrimen,434,nbsp;M4cbi�4 4rtCtB0,44� 4$ Jnbsp;t�achina afcendens,4St,nbsp;Machina Capra, 437nbsp;Mticbinii Ct�pbica,46S,nbsp;Machtna,g,riu dtda 4Sigt;nbsp;Machinif hydraulic, 451.nbsp;Machina oppugnato�nbsp;ri�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;431

Machinic propugnatori^e fiuerepugnatoriie

�AdcbindicdBjb* (4S� ria,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;433�

Machinafiiritalis, 4?4 Mticbirtft fr4(3orM, itid.nbsp;Macritas,nbsp;Ma�atnbsp;Madaifialtal,

Ulinidceicunet, *io. ju l�ortefiaGa�l, 7*. Minidceaexpolttio, jn. Moru/�rlt;lt;4qM5,nbsp;Miniuw *11 *1*. J14. MopicHmop'isGa/i,197

Minij coloris remedium muliunguta tantum con= MinicuUtor 40* (5x4 fer�lt;(t�rSlgt;gKlt;t^K(lt;,nbsp;Kinutiaridnbsp;MiretcuUorbisiiij. X9*'nbsp;M�gt;lCrt�nbsp;Mixtum genus co'u. i*snbsp;Mixtum modulationisge

Modigliones IMl ss.ijs. municeps er municipi= ModuUttonum trid funt um, if. 68 91.nbsp;generu 111. xu- xis wunitiones con/Htuerc,nbsp;Moduli�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;~

Moduliww prius ex ligno Venelijs archite�usftrudti�). muriBabylonicinbsp;Modul�� acceptorius *79 wuri oppidorum finuofinbsp;Modulus tcneus in caftel* murexnbsp;loerogdtorius *7S- mu/icrfinterMu߫,

Modulor�diff�r�ti� 37^ mufcarid M�n�qudiiit, 17 44. mufcdrijclduinbsp;4�� fM�/iclt;lt;sfgt;Bdamp;lt;is,�trcmi Ncptunius�nsnbsp;� fol la, qu� inueneo Nerui ad�nes torq-rit.

O�idddium�c, , 137 Papi�.� Oflrumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;j}o

Pagmentuw, iss. Pakif Idteribus imtnifcennbsp;tur,nbsp;Pdldnginbsp;Pdldngdrijnbsp;Pdlatinui ponsnbsp;Palationbsp;Pabe/irarum ratio, 139,nbsp;Palialnei, olcagineifCr 'nbsp;robu�eiufluldti, 139 1

Palma^Hid m-Pdlmdresfidtue 85. Pdlmaffcriptoribus cumnbsp;primis deberi, 387nbsp;Palmopes,/�e palmipcsnbsp;Palmipedale 4S7. (113.nbsp;Palmarc�rawen 4.9tnbsp;palm�$ 61 n� 138.nbsp;ad Pdtmu decoqutre 193.nbsp;Palmiis duplexnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;m

Pomulatus equnt uulg� Ponderatio, 4^0. (197. pr^ppe �6: coSoc. 176nbsp;Ponderum fubleuando= pretorium in, 173, prothyrides

Pons Adriani ,PabrKij, principiumrer�aquatif prouindemia prtncipia rerum omni* pfeudifodomu^�id,73S4nbsp;um quatuor, }34 1_' 'nbsp;probiiho fcriptorumm= pfiudoperipterosnbsp;geniofaArijiopbiss.nbsp;probationes aquie, jj?nbsp;profI(H4fio�M, 143 184 p�mmithiumnbsp;procation xsx pternanbsp;proc�bere in dentes, 337 ptcromatanbsp;Pr�fi fili^ 367 puberes quo annonbsp;publicaniqui,nbsp;publicanor� domus qua-l�,nbsp;pugiUaresnbsp;pulpit um.

lumnoftramtuliffi s Romulicafanbsp;Ro(iranlt;t�iumnbsp;Rot� hauflorbenbsp;R�bMnbsp;R�6ric4nbsp;Rubigone firr um !lt;�=nbsp;datnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;506

Ruderandutn qaomodo, Rudttts,j�ni�, 439. (x94nbsp;Rudu$ duplex i�,g.nbsp;Rudufnouum, 194.nbsp;R�di� rcdiMiHttMJ, ibid.nbsp;R��ic(t,p(trs uilbe 1-7$.nbsp;Rutrum,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;jot,

RyfbtMW uenarum, n, lt;tsnbsp;Sabuli tria generanbsp;Sabulomafculusnbsp;Sabulofolutusnbsp;Saburranbsp;Sacomanbsp;Sacomafaburrale, 419nbsp;Sagittie longitude pro*nbsp;portionemdatorga*

470 x69nbsp;89

9^*

INDEX

tWHt, Salinarilt;iearelt;e,nbsp;Salmacis �nsnbsp;Salubritailociundecon=nbsp;ic�anda iS.

Salfuginem remitiere, 63 Sambuca 2^}.nbsp;Sandali lignumnbsp;Sandaraehanbsp;Sanguinis eie�io,3s^ 4��nbsp;Sanitasquid is.nbsp;Sapinnj drfcor cgt;fnbsp;Sarmentis atramentumnbsp;fit,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;31s

SarracHW 4;� Saturnuf phamon di�usnbsp;SdtttrnicMrfi� 407(408 Scenki^ui,

6� Saxaquadrata 33 Screa porta TroiiCnbsp;Scteuolaundenbsp;Sc�uusnbsp;Scahecochlidesnbsp;Scal�geftatorilt;enbsp;Seal� Panthei triquetronbsp;�fcenfu confiant 3SS.nbsp;Scrfl^izj V(ttjc(tni hor=

389 Scdldrum anima �tal.sS�nbsp;ScitUrumfcdpi jss 3S9nbsp;Sctdarumgc/ldLgrddHi,nbsp;fc�ndulasnbsp;Sca�aruretra�io=� (433.

nh ratio 144 389 Sculptor c�rdprofypttMj ScdItMdKtgrddil�Ufxdta

accliuicon�are �*8 Scalaria,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;lu

Sealmut nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;433

Scamtlll �44 ��? ��4 Scandulne 44� 50. ��45�nbsp;Scanforiamachina, 434nbsp;Scaputnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�14�

Scapuf�alarum 38S3S9 Scapt cardinales,

Scdpitrientales

Scdpfcja,bor�logg ge* niM

ScapfoaczScapbiM, 338. Scc�lt;t 117

Scewarttm triafunt gene� ra,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;u.7. 118 3iy

117 119 iSy. Scenographia uel Scio�nbsp;graphia, ��.

Schemata � Viiruuio pro miffade�deratur 40

Schidiie	S4*
Schola	�JS,
Scolopendre	2r
Scolopendria	27
Scorpio	4�7 47
Scotia	144. 170
Scriploribus cumprimis

palmar dcberi, jsr Scrc�dteuuigo,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;a�

Scrupulm fiue fcripu^.

lui nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;31�

toref 4�lt;s

Spbterd deciiHd er un decimd Alfrdgdnonbsp;ignotd 4'6nbsp;lt;d Sphurdm o�dudm ernbsp;ttoudm interud�um dnbsp;terrd 4.1snbsp;SphierdruinterudUu 4'7nbsp;Species loci tedificdturonbsp;confiderandd, tf4nbsp;Speculum drgente�, jojnbsp;SpecuUddiumnbsp;Speculd qud mdteridfie= Stdtudrij er pido- (sy.nbsp;bdtitnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;?O9

Speildculdorbisvij,isgt;�- Stdturdhominis iujld, Spe�dculor�locd j�io3

SpCCMS Speronilldl.nbsp;Spied te�dcednbsp;Spird 114nbsp;Spir4wen/Hw�c�/t,i9i.nbsp;Spirit diismdchind, 414nbsp;Spien� figura 17nbsp;Spl�niumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ibidem

Spongia,�uepumex, cy Sproniuildpisnbsp;Sputifmdtanbsp;SquddraGdU,nbsp;Squameold gyp�

�07

139 �

�74

J6o�

X4ogt; gt;41�

Tentplum Ciefaris �9 Terra ducendMlaferi TemplumEpheftna:'Dianbsp;n�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cgt;6 itt

TempliimFauni nj Templii firtun� tfo^ 1^7.nbsp;Tempbtm firtun� uiri=nbsp;lisnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;i�gt;f*

Templum louisfubdio Tcmplumlouis (m Terrafigi�atanbsp;hyp�thrum tij Terra uiridisnbsp;Templum fAinerUte ic)7 Terrteuariamenfura 4}nbsp;Templum Tyburtif 1x9 Terreftribiudqs facrt�*nbsp;Templum Veneris geni* da�eb�t in terra islt;S�nbsp;tricisnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Tertiarium 19?.

TemplorwwfcpfKplexrd Tc/fira 199 xoo tionbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;XX,. Te�a, pro lateribusco=

Templorumfiontesiftoc dis, 71 s?. cident�uergant xS6. Te�aad�ru�uramcomnbsp;Templa decetgradus imnbsp;pares 144

Templis gradui maie�a� Teߣ uitriat� temad�ruht 1x9. quot; quot;

Templorum mutationes Tc�aceupauimentu, jio quatuor 414 Te/l(��ea^icat(t,*9S *99nbsp;Templum,pro culmine II Te�acea�rui^ura, sjnbsp;TendcuU 443. Te/ludonbsp;Tenones,qui cardines Te�udoarietarianbsp;Tenones GaU-i�f (�Sy Te�udo mediana,nbsp;Tenuitoffubtilis,

Tepidaria x?3 compar�t�, 483. Terrfcircuifio qu�taex Tc�udinatucauediu,tf6

Erato�hene, 59 Te�udinatate�a *so Terraalbida,nigra, $7 Tetrachordum 114nbsp;Terracrefa ei, (jjs Tctracbordaquin^ �xs

Tefrdtforo� Tctragonusnbsp;tetragoniusa^eilus 41�nbsp;TctrunteJ 149� �79�nbsp;Tctrdpbori 434.nbsp;Te/rdj�^ylo�iCde�, *iy,nbsp;Tetraflyla cAua tedium^nbsp;Tftradtche porti* (xys.

CUf nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;XJi.

Thalamus nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;*si.

Theatrum,eiusque ori^ gonbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;a�3. ixj

Theatrum^Curionis *�. TheatrumML, Marcel�nbsp;linbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;o. Ito

TheatrumTompeij 119. T/jcdtr�m in hemicycli�nbsp;r�firmanbsp;nbsp;nbsp;xos. tii

Theaira tempor aria

lignea	**X.
Thefaurus	^^f
Thepnophoria	4^3
Tholus X9�. 196 313	t. 3ty
Tbrgt;all{S	�4t.
Thus ex Arabia tat-	?�o.
Thurifira arbor,�!S j6o
Thus adult�ra tum	360
Thus mafculum	360
Thrips uermiculus	*43.
Thiir	139.

Tbgt;i�elici, i2.7� **9 Tbgt;r o�3!tt MH� gcKcr4,x37nbsp;Tig�4 d�) antiquis lt;iire=nbsp;�acollocabantiir 17�

EE Ft' �j

KaK(^lt;3T�XV�^ Wamp;�pnbsp;KCVwppu.'�Jo-lK�lO'nbsp;Kdr�S�iafj.iT^oij ,nbsp;KctTaKtKaupSpHnbsp;KaTOCKEKaU/XCV/TRSnbsp;k�th^j^ccwI�jnbsp;KWTiaquot;

Wtop KZ(pi.�T0Cnbsp;hA/vc�nbsp;KoiZ�anbsp;KOlZornbsp;M7\.l)VO0S0linbsp;K0V(aTdi�nbsp;KOVz'snbsp;x�pa^nbsp;H�fa|iS;\5ԫnbsp;Ko^opnbsp;KOa-pi�^

KplOcf OK.K KU^tRKV�o'nbsp;KUXZiKH KIVKCTISnbsp;KUK�t�THSnbsp;KUZiViJ'�Unbsp;KUVoa-�Jlt;X

�?ilt;?6b ^^0734523nbsp;4^? bnbsp;^4^P b

I ii�d7 b. 355b

Z28a

3^3�

*4?3b ^226 b

,*^75� lt;�282b zsda

�oa

��na

375 b.

!?^4o6a

^Sjb

/^CO3 ^2413nbsp;lt;gt;3623

!^362a ^3^23nbsp;lt;gt;4063nbsp;^403 3nbsp;480b !#4S3b

270 a 4^3 b

44s b lt;^447 b

416 b

	\S	'S	%		'S	T*
w	H		�T�			UJ	w	4^		V4
o		o	o xJ	w	N	O	VA	'A		4^
	V4	N	N	V4	lt;�	0\	N		N	ka

num hune ciudtmc^i cultum dedudi, fe oppidis meeinbusj; fepferant. Et prinetpio quidem, cum id iuntum dgcrent.utfefudq- ab ddutr�s tempednbsp;fijtibus tucrentur, ut contrdfolis drdorcs�utit diffugid haberent, cape*nbsp;runtdliqaif�froitdibus te�a ficere,j�eluncMi(ihijodcrc,qui ingenio prtenbsp;fiabdntfrrcis credis^eyr intertextis utrgultisiluto pdrietes inducerc ; ea�tnbsp;trunt �di�cAtori� rei incundbuU. Proxim� quifequuti funt, ijs initijs nonbsp;contenti,tion modoqu� ddfalut� effent neceff�rid curduerunt, fed cor um inbsp;qu� ddexpeditM qudsq^.pro innutd tdmen frugalitate,commoditdtes aff�nbsp;quenddf conj�rrent,nil}it ufqudm pr^termiffum uolebdnt, Itdq^iedmfru*nbsp;galitdfem er pdrffmonidm in tedifidjs, poficritds publtc�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;priudtimfe

quutd e(i,quodd per bonos mores liciiit.lnde rerum dffiu�tid ocio abun ddntes, opportunitdte ddmoniti dtq; aHe�i, co deucnere.ut etidm qu� adnbsp;uoluptdtesexplendds �cerent, pe(lirentur,q!ucquid ad Idutitidm/ueni�/id lt;nbsp;temq; uffiidm cxcogitdri poffet, ddiungerent : neccffitdti ficiffe fatis, leuenbsp;qutdem elfc cxijliindmes,commoditdti pro/fexiffe'ingrdtum, ubi effendenbsp;retoperis inclcgantid-Hinc'pyrdmidum mirdculd,dmphithedtrorum moles, infdnx pdidtiorum fubflru�}iones,teniplcrum ffupcndi �rnices, hincnbsp;arcus,porticus,mdufcled,�y m modum prouincidrum cxtru�ic therm� -nidgnd illi (ediftcdbdnt,ut poffer is nidgni eff� uidcrentur,opcr�s ucr� pul*nbsp;chritudinem,/icil� ddducebdntur iit credcrent,ab inffffis hoftibus impetrdnbsp;tu�dm,ut irdt temperdrent,dtq; inutoldtdm fe effe pdterentur. Ergenpr��nbsp;flanti�imi ueteres, ut effet �dificdndi dhffUd certd er conffdns rutio, qu�nbsp;de huitifnodi rebus db dlijs trdditd,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;excogitdtd erdnt, mdnddrunt

literis,ex Gr�cis Agdtdrchus,Democritus,Anaxdgords, Cte/tphon, Mc t4genrjj(5((tt(H,Qrp(o�,Ebi!o,Hcr(Mogr�f�, Argelius,Sdtyrus, et dlij q��nbsp;dannexnojlrii�ujsitiiMjVdrOjP.SeptimtiWjCor.Celpts.Horuw�prsecUs

ri�ima monumcnt� (prob dolor) tcmporum ini^uitale^iut hotninum ne^ gitgentid interierut.Relldbdt ttniwoxUnto udutindufiagio M. Vitruuifnbsp;PoUiottisopiM, uix fdt� ex merito lduddndum:fed ddeo afjvdum,mdculonbsp;fum^e^ulcerofum, utnc^ dbdu{iore,fireuiiufcdt,fdtisdgnolcdtur. iJnbsp;eff�cit,t!t vitruuij'priieter nomen,idm multd retro feculdwhilauditum f�t�nbsp;Accedcbdt difficultdi'-ndm utomittdmuocdbulorumexdrtiiproprid ne*nbsp;cc�itdte conceptorum infolentidm,qult;��bfcuritdtcm ddf�rebdt.cr rerumnbsp;ipfdrum quit trddcbdntur,infcitid,dlegendo retdrddbdt.Priefldnti�md*nbsp;rum enim ftrudurdrum, unde ijudfi uid flerndtur, tdntum non cddducra inbsp;cumddmirdtione ztrldchrymis conJ}gt;icimiKdc uenerdmur, ttd^ireidiffinbsp;cultate dcterriti,qu{ libroi vifruu� hlt;tbebdnt,nokbdnt legere,quoru/m jenbsp;cognitionem ajj�qui poffe diffidebdnt,Ex itlo!fluere,cr retrofubldpfd renbsp;�rri drchttc��onic�,ut qui tedi�cdrunt,nouis incptidr� deltrdmentis dppdnbsp;redt deled atos�. ntfi �rtehoc ineptire n� efl, po�hdbitis probdti�imis IdUnbsp;ddtt�morum operu rdtionibu!,ineptd!dtqi ociofd orndmentd, ne dicdm inbsp;rerum natura dbhorrentia,�u�rdicy dmbitiofecomminifci, er his of�*nbsp;cijs dc pra�igi�/aprobk abducere,erfiicum�ccre. Negj enim audiendinbsp;funt,quiprocuiufq^ libtdineiiariam ermutabilcm effetedi�ciarutn �r*nbsp;ntdm dic�t. Commune hoc (induit iUc) ignorantie uitium e�, que nefeiof,nbsp;ncquicqudm e�e profiteri. Hecicum ita e�int, non poter am �cere,quinnbsp;deemendando VitruMo,idq; Rome,ubiantiquitdti5ue�igia adhuc non*nbsp;nullareliqua erant,er ppe/er diu cogitarem. itaq^idin tertiutddtue�nbsp;annut,cum per e�dtemfucci�uk operk �ummopere contendi, ut ed re�inbsp;tuerem,quemihideprdudtd,luxdta,et mutila uidcbatur.Pauck men�busnbsp;tot mendk purgaui,ut au�in omni a�eueratione adfirmare,pr�ter unumnbsp;atq^alterum locum,quos/neq;ipfe Apollofanauerit, parumabe�e, quo*nbsp;minufhicdudoriq'iamemendati�imufinmdnushominum ueniat. Internbsp;cmendandum,multd fefe o�erebantdi�tcilia et obfcura,que��cholio illunbsp;�rarem,uidebar�duriK opereprectum.ld� nobk/pro uiribui e� �dti�nbsp;llludgt;quodcunq; �erat labork,cum intelligerem Ponti�, Mdx. probatum�nbsp;er meitliqtiot huiui facrofandipurpuratorumpairum co�egij principesnbsp;uiriiceu � tola pene ttalia,duos annosiincredibili cum de�dcrio expeda*nbsp;tum)ut ed�rem:hortarentur,��cerem,grati�caturum me in primal Ro*nbsp;wank,qui liter ar um er uirtutk crg�,nibil mintk �pcr�tem,aut expedannbsp;tew,cH

tem,ciuiti(te dcnduijj�ttt; fui cuiut ttomine (Ji tjuiim �rtajfe ed re utilitd� tcm'fludio�s ddfrrrepojj'etn)finercmin nulgumprodire,dubitabam,Tit/nbsp;unus omHt�t occurrcbds Rex,rcguin(guod de Alcxadrofcribit Arridntts)nbsp;fcao-iAiKWTttT�, Ko�^aTK^Sp�^iosjaTM^�TaTE, tii�uererer,nenbsp;quid tuie Maieflati dccederct, Scrip fit libres fuos vitruuius Auguftoltit*nbsp;Itts.K egi fcriberem Gallus, fcripfit imperator i,qui t Vrbem lateritia cutunbsp;inuentlf�t,mdrmoream reIiquit,Regixgo,cuius aujpicijs tzsquot; hberalitate,nbsp;nobil^tma in toto orbe terrarum templa, palatia, cz propMgndcK� ex�nbsp;tru�a Junt,quiuiam prteiuit,ut quecfiierat pulcherrimain regno Gallianbsp;domui,centcfimutniton obtineat locum. Dumanimipendercm,uicit au�nbsp;tboritas Meceenatis mei Georg-Armeniaci/Rhutenor� Epifcopijtua Mitic quot;nbsp;fiatis apud. Max.pon.Paulum,prudenti�tmi,uigitanti�imi, (tr integerri�nbsp;mi Legati- Obtendebatregiam iUamtoties iam multis cognitd ,ztraboMnbsp;nibiM pradicatam humanitdtem,principem ficut�rtunarum, ita Oquot; fin�nbsp;�us fuaditionis ingeniorumpartcmfibi iureuendtcare tofiiciumqi ciusgt;nbsp;er animum qui dat, magis fpc�lare,qu�m quod oj�ratur : quicquid d manbsp;ea parte peccatum effet, id uni�ftbi a�ignari Heere, Hlt;f c /��t Rex. Mdx�nbsp;me c� inclinarunt,d quopudor reuocabat, impuleruntq^/utMaieffatinbsp;tuit Cd�igdtioncs has at^ Annotationesin au�orem long� difficillimumtnbsp;Cr cuiusLdtinorii primi proccUofum ztr auiumfidcauimus mare, nuncitnbsp;patas,dicatas^uellem,Quasf�intellexeronon ufquequaq; �iffeingra�nbsp;tas,caufaerit,quamobremquosferijslucubrationibiis libres inchoaui,denbsp;feilione.ar polituris marmoris,de pi��ura iSquot; certacolorum com�nbsp;pofitione, de inf��orid'Grfitllonica,de figulina, de futrindtnbsp;de uitriaria,d� textrina,qu�q} radio,quxq; llt;eis,id e�nbsp;pondufculisperficitur,tatidem dli^Mddo abfolnbsp;uam,Valeat fKd MdtefldJ.Rom�

M. Vitruuij PoHioitK qute f�erit patria,tiideoin dubium reuoari, qui iufdiim�R.omlt;tnunui�oitrgumento,alijsiVeronen(emcxilltmunubui,quolt;inbsp;Veronitin ucteris �ruilurie arcuad hune modumlegatur�

E A infcriptio�cit,utuirdoilil?iinutAnclreM Alciatiif,io.libror�de Arilite�lurlt;i(tu�or� L. VitruuiumiPelhonenKtppeUdrefemihidtxerit,nbsp;C!quot; po�ed �diderit,qu()d PelliO,Mebitt,id quod cerdo�gm�cdret. in cutuinbsp;ftntentiiimine trdnfecim,multd me mouent-Primii,quc)d in omnibuf exem^nbsp;pluribui M.noL.er Po�ioneminon PellioneinlcgerimDeinde,qu0dcernbsp;donem,pace tuntt uiri dixerim,no effe continuo: quod Pellioni,�cile Intel�:nbsp;tigit,cuilutriuflt;p uocabuti originis uenitin ment�,dlteru enim� lucro,id e�nbsp;��f TTOKEfiNs, 4 peUibuidher�du�ume�. Et�idem �t,quidArchi*nbsp;te�o cum pethbuif Cerdo enimin iUd infcriptione,hominii �o �udio�ic�nbsp;index.V tfi idem credipdr��t, fiter it tarnen Cerdonis n� Pe�onii appedanbsp;tio:reflituendd, Quime^ quod Vitruuiui nofler reprehendit, Archite�utnbsp;iUefub mutul� denticulos codocduit, Itaq^uulgdtam codic� fcription� re*nbsp;tinentes,diuerfose�earbitramur,Etnofiru quidem apparct parentu cunbsp;raitberdltbui dtfcipltn� ab /neunte tetdte�i�e in[litut�,cncycopltedidm^inbsp;abfioluiffe�quodipfe�teturinlibrifextiprocemio. St4f�r4 uerofe�i�enbsp;humili,indicdt in prte�tione Itbri i.iulio clt;e[dri �it no ignotus;po� cidutnbsp;ebitum ingyduefeete idm lt;etdte,dut aff�ila potiuf�it ex memorato bbri i�nbsp;lococonijcimus)db O�duidlfrdtri Auguflocommenddtui,appdnitionibali -�dru,fcorpion�,c�terorum^ tormentor�eum M. Aurdio,?. Mtntdio gt;nbsp;quem dlij:liumidtcumuocant,et Cn,Cornclioprit�ilui eil, annuo ei redinbsp;tu quoad uiueretioflituto.(2Ud munificentid excitatm, utindicdt in prte�'nbsp;tioneoperii,omne ^dificandt ratione/Augu�o fcripfit,qudm!decem Itbritnbsp;comptexiif i effe,fubfinem operii te�dtur,ne quii!figur(U,qudf/in fuii�nnbsp;gulis Itb. extremi uoluminis nomine de�rmabat, in priuatit libr�, hoc e�nbsp;undecimu alique reie�dii�lfo exi�imet. Ingenui�licisq; �i�e ingenijji*nbsp;brifeptimui, nonus, er decimuiargumcnto e�equeunt, Haiienui quodnbsp;afiruere poffumiis�

machtnationif. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;3

De c/f(3io�elocoru�i plHtri�w,cr qult;e ob/int fdlulritatijCrundelumi nacapiantur,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4-

De f�ndamentii mur or um amp;� turrium. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap,

Dedtui/toite operum, quee intra murof funt, cr e oriwM dij^o�tiont, uentorumnoxi) flatus uitentur.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap,

tndnimenfurd. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap, i

Dequinq^isdiumljiedebiu, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;z

De�tndationibut nbsp;nbsp;columniStdtlt;^ �drum orndlu ZT cpi�ylijs^tdm in lo^

ciifolidii,lt;iudmincongeflitijs. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;5

tionegt; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De ornamentis columndrimt. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De rdtione Doricd. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De interiore ceHdrtvm amp; prondi di�ribulione. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De ledibui con�ituendis fecundum regiones. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De o�iorum ZT dntepagmentorum facrarum tedium ratio � nibus.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De Tufcdnis rdtionibus lt;edium fdcrdriim. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

DearisDeorumordindndiSquot; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cop�

Deporticibuspo� fcenam.zr dmbutationibui. Debalnearum dt�io�tionibiii ZT purtibus.

De diuer�s regionum qualitatibus,ZT uarijs cceli d/�ei{ibus,fecun� dumquosfuntiedi�ciddijfonenda.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cdp.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;l

De tiedificiortvm priuatorum proportionibuf ZT menfurist cap- nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;2

De c�uis tedium� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap� )

De dtrijs,lt;ilKgt;Gr Mnii,cum eorow dimenftonibus t2rfymme= trijs,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4

r)etrtclinijscy�cK,amp;exedris,Gr(gt;in�cotbecif� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap,

De�ctsmoreGrlt;eco� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�

Ad quas call regioncstjuteque tedi�cior um genera /}gt;e�are debeint,ut ufuio-falubritatifintidonea,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap�

DepriMatortwn cr communiurntedi^ciortim proprijs lociSfCy generibM adqualiunq^perfonarumqualitatcsconuenientibui� cap. 8nbsp;De rufticorum lt;edificiorum rationibus, lt;(2- mKitarwn partium eorum denbsp;fcriptionibuf,atq}u�bus,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

DeGriCcorjon tedificiorum,eorumque partium di�^o�tione atque diff�a rentibus nominibus ,fatis ab italiens moribus cr u�bus diferepana

Quomodoporfio argentiauro mifla, tn integro opere deprehendi, dta feerni^po�it.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap,

�ume/l, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap^

De forrt�o O' rotunddtione machindrumad oncrMm leudtiones.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;c�p.

De organorum adatiMm hdurienddm generibta, Oquot; primum de tympana �nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap,

UtrotK O' tympMis dd mokndum �rin�m. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De cochlea quee magna copiam cxtoSit aquie,fed non alte. cap. De Ctefibica n]dchind,quie alti�ime extollit aquam.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De proportione lapidum mittendoru ad bali�te�ramen. cap. De cdtdpn/tdrtt�! baliflarumque contentionibus o tempcratu=nbsp;ris.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De oppugnatorijs de�nforijs^ rebus, Oquot; primum de drietis �=� uentione,eius^imachind.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De te�udine ad congc�tonern��artim parandd. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

De ali/s te�udinibus. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

Totius aperts perordtio. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cap.

gloria. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag.

tlioenium atqi turrium murorum jigura. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag.

FunJamenti pe�inatim�ili, uelutiferriedentes eff�fo* lent figura.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag.

Aeolipilarumfigurlt;eiereiecauiie. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Plt;lt;g.

Pa�adiaAthenien�� turrismarmoreaoilogona,Atidronici Cyrrbeftis perftruaa,C.C,C,R,O.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag-

Tritoniffigura. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Plt;�g*

KarmoreumAmu�tvm. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag.

Aurea ietaf,quaprifcorMn bominumuitabumanitatK^imtium,CTpro� pier ignem (�rmonum procreatio, archite�uric principium fiufifie dianbsp;citur.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;P�g. 49

�:itur. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Prfg.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;lo^

feripterifitnddmenti ichnogrdphid^exquodd totiM icdis ortbogrdphi^ dm�ci�imeperitidrchitciltperueniunt.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pdg.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TC^

TDidflyli intercolumnij dc draoflyli figurd,cuiiu tdtnen intercolumniu eer tdlibertdte,d qudtuormoduiiStUfquequdntuauscolumn� longitudonbsp;ampltdtur ^�dntid.coHocdre decet^nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag- ll�

Funddtionesin conge/liti/s tocK,ut fub�ru�ionesin folidodetincdntur. cum fublicd^mdchindpdhficdtiocompldndtd: fuperqudm drao�ylf,nbsp;euHyli^ intercolumnid pro �ylobdtK dlueoldtd pos

Grfcorut� /orwrn dtgiLatinorumfiguratum. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pdg.

Atriorum cx (rtamp;iM con�rmdtis gcnenbMiCr lt;!iliirum,t!tblinoru, acfiu* ciuin,iinpluuiorui)t,periflyliorut�quoq-,cr aliortimcorum membranbsp;rumfymmetrid.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pdg- 262

Gccor� Corinthioru feu Aegyptioru,greeco more per�rudd, dcperor* nata d/�gurdtio, qu� Cycizcnorum dieitur, Pag^ 2y onbsp;Locdprtefiirniatd,uti!acomcorum bdlnedridcrhy* �

pocdujlit, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag, ^2^

Procumbentfi in dcntes,ut d terreno udporeldijux fubfidentia inneniatur figuranbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag,

A^uadu{lionumdiuer(�modddffigurdtio,utdgreftium Jru�uum affluen tem ubertdtem,non minna tuitionem mcenium,fupplementun:'f^ necef�nbsp;fdriumiiiciuitatibiishdbednt,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pag. ^74

turdi^ud, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pdg, 4 $7

rm Gr�corum,qucs ipfe atttt,monuinentti, cbarddtrm aliquot fign!}i:dliones( quantum conccffumfi�t)co�i�,in^ tuum ufum hic�orsnbsp;fim^ubijci curauimut .'Boni itaq-hanc noflram ditigentiamconfulas ue*:nbsp;lim:maiorcm eerie in prieflentia prxftare datum non flit.

Prtenominati cuiuiq- integri,ftue cubiti,fiue pedis,flue digiflfiue un^ ci�,fiue firaminii,[cire te Hclim,ehare{leretn

�-quot; � quartam partem,non prtenominati integri,fed femiflis * � . o{iauampartem,nonprienominaliintegri,fldfemt�is,nbsp;u-nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;duellam,qii� efl pars tertia pr�nominati integri �

P. Duodecimam partem pr�nominatiintegri. r ? Sextamdecimam partem pr�nominati integri.

Qw.atarnen pr�diilorum charaderum, cr aliorumquoqinonnuUi in diuerjis exemptaribus aliter aliter dcfcripti corrupti^ inueniun^nbsp;tur,fingulis certain fldem adhibendameffe baud puto, donee in cxem=nbsp;plum quim cafligati�imum incidas,

Pun�lauero,cpa�uelcirculari uclquadrangulirt�rma in code quot;X^libro inucniuntur, non/igniflcationis alicuius cert� ,fed claufularumnbsp;dijtindionis tantumgratioi'flidaejfeuidentur. wflquis firfanca minu^nbsp;tiasfli cuiufq; integrifigniflcarc contenderet: ft ut tradita fl�runt,iitcornbsp;rupta ad nos conferuata haberentur.

RCHITECTVS/MAGNO SIT ANIMO:NONAR rogans , fed facilis, amp; �quus�i: fidelis : fineauaritia. Ncnbsp;lit ciipidus,nccp in muneribus accipiendis habeat animu oci?nbsp;fupatum : fed cum grauitat�fu� cueatur dignitatem, bonamnbsp;famani habcndo.Rogatus,non rogansi/fufeipiat curam.

SenutWiltberdtia timor�, dmpli�imis tuis cogitdtionibiK confitijs^iguber ttdrctur,non dudebdmitdntK occupdtionibtude Archite�lurd [criptd, crnbsp;ntdgnis cogitdfionibm explicdtd cdere, metuemne no dpto tempore internbsp;pellans,fubirem tuinnimi ojfen/�onem. Cum ucr� dttenderem,telt;nonfo*nbsp;lumdeuitd communiomnium�curdm, publtcceq; reiconftitutionem hdbe*nbsp;re, fed ctiam�deopportunitdtepublicorum lt;edificiorum: ut ctuitdfperte;nbsp;nonfolum prouincijs effet du^a,uernmetidmiutmdieftdf impert/ pu*nbsp;bticorum�di�ciortimegregid5 hdbcret dutoritdtestnonputdui prater*nbsp;mittendum,quin primo quoq; tempore/de his rebus ed ttbi ederem. ideo,nbsp;qu�d primumpdrenti tuoideeo�terdmnotuf^zt^eiusuirtutis ftudiefta.nbsp;Cum dutem concilium c�lefiiumiinfcdtbus immortdlitatis eum dedicduifnbsp;fet,z^ Imperium pdrentism tudmpoteftdtem trdnftuliff'et,tdcmftudiumnbsp;meumiin eius mcmorid permdnens, iti te contuht�-uorem. i fdqf� ecu mnbsp;Mdr. Aurelio, zj-, Pub. Mintdio ,cr Cn. Cornctio, dd dppdrdtio �nbsp;nem bdliftdrumiz^fcorpionum, reliquorumg^ tormentor�reffilionem,nbsp;fi(ipreffo:ZT^umtifXommodddccepi,qud:icumprimo mihitributfli, re-cognitionem perfororis c�menddtionem feruafti, Cum ergoieo beneficianbsp;ffiem cbligdtUS, Ut dd exitum uitamon hdbercm inopix timorem,hiec tibinbsp;fcribereccepi : quod dnimdduerlimultd te ^dificdffe, �� nunc tedificdre,nbsp;reliquo quoq; tempore,Gr publicorum^CT priudtorumiedifictorum, pronbsp;dmplitudinc r er urn gcftdrum,ut pofteris memori� trdderentur, curd hd�nbsp;biturum : confcripfi perfcriptiones termindtas,ut edf Mendens, zx dntenbsp;fiiturdiqudlid/tnt operd, per te notd paffes bdberetndm^ his uonbsp;luminibus/dperui omnes difciplin� reitiones,

RCHITEGTVRA, EST SG�EN-tiaplunbusdifciplinis,amp;uarijserifdigt; tionibus oinaca ciiius l�idicio probannbsp;tur omnia,qu� a c�teris artibus perfigt;nbsp;duntur opera.fc'ahafcitur ex fabrica,i5inbsp;ratiofinatione. Fabn'ca,eft continuai�nbsp;___ta ac trita ufusmeditatfo, qu� /manigt; bus perfidtur/e materia cuiufcuncj; generis opus eft, ad progt;nbsp;poficum deformationis. Ratiodnatio autem eit,qu3e resfagt;nbsp;bricatas/fblcrtia acratione proportionis/demonftrare/atcgnbsp;explicarc poteft. Icacf; Achitedi,qui fine lireris contenderunr,nbsp;utmanibusdTentexercitadjnon potueruntefFicere, uthabegt;nbsp;rent pro laboribusiautoritatem.Qijiaut�ratiodnationibusnbsp;Arcblte* Qi, literis folis confifi fuerunr,umbram,non rem perf�cuti uigt;nbsp;�i abfclu dentiir. Ar,qui utr�cj pcrdidicerunt, (ud omnibus armis ornbsp;** ^ui �nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nati ) dtitis cum autorit�re quod fuit propofit�,funt affequu

ti. Cum in omnibus cnim rebus, turn maxime etiam in Argt; chiteftura/h�cduo infunt,quod f�gnif�catur,amp; quod figpifi�nbsp;car.Significatur propol�ta resde qua dicitur.H�c autem figninbsp;ficat demonRratioirationibusdoArinarum explicata.Qua^nbsp;re uidcturutrac^parcc cxercitatum effe debere, quiife Archivnbsp;tcftum prof�teatur. Itac^cum Si ingeniofum efle opo rtet,, 8inbsp;ad difciplinam docilcm ( nec^enim ingeniumfinc difciplina,nbsp;autdifdplinafineingeniojperfecfum artificem poteftefficere)nbsp;Si ut literatus fit, pcritusgraphidos,eruditusGeomctria, ��nbsp;optices non ignarus, iniiruftus Arithmcdca,, hiftorias com#nbsp;pluresnoucrit, Philofophos diligenreraudiuerir,Muf�camnbsp;iciuerit, Medicin� nonfitignarus, refponfalurifconfultoranbsp;noiierif,Aftrologiam.t�licprationcsiCOgnitashabcaf. Qii�nbsp;I curitaf�nr,h�funtcauf�; Literas Architeftumfcireopornbsp;letjUti coramentarijsimcmoriam f�rmiorem efficere pol��t.nbsp;Deinde

A Deinde grapliidos fcienn'am habere,quo facilitis'exemphri� li buspi�is,quam uelnopcrisfpeciemdeformareualeat. Geo mnbsp;metria autem/plura pr�fidia pr�ftat ArchiteAur�, �C prigt;nbsp;B xnum/eutygrammi amp;.circini tradic ufum,c quo maxime,fa�nbsp;xilius �dificiorumi in areis expediuntur dcicriptiones, norgt;nbsp;C manimque^amp;librarionum/amp; linearumdireftiones. Itemnbsp;D per opticenjin�dif�cijs,a terris r�gionibus c�lilluminaredc |jj�nbsp;diic�tur. Perarithmeticen,fumptus �dificior� cofiimman�,nbsp;menfurar�rariones'explicanrur,difFicilesqjfymmetriarura ynbsp;quacfrionesgeometricis rationibus�i methodis^iniieni�tur�

LANDRl I CASTiLlOmi i GALLI, Cluii Ro. in primum Librum M. Vi�nbsp;truuij PolUonK.de Architcilura,

RaphidosScientiarnhabcre. Graphisie^Unea GrdpJj�s risdeforindtio,ftue defignatio, Non d�funt tarnen qui quidnbsp;T eamquxadArchite�iiimpcrtinet,' y^/j./j.iHj!/J:'qud�nbsp;lincdtionem diCiK,uocent : 'y�acpiKH/i �f r�, cr dd Scrilt;=nbsp;pforcWjCZ- adPidorem Sculptoreni�e r�f�rant, cumadillum'd�fcriptioquot;nbsp;nem, cuntadbos:de/ignationetntranffirentes,(yy^c�(^ep quidemadnbsp;pertinere, Aegyptiorum ratio docet, quosierat neceff� pingere,nbsp;dutfculpere,quodftgnt�care,ueh�onimentisn}andareuolebant:quodgenbsp;nutplerdqiRomieuifuntur,z^ extra Vrbei� uia Appia,haudproculdfe=nbsp;pulchro Ctecilt^ lAetell�/uxoris Cra�i,in Hippodromo, quiiab Antoni�nbsp;ito Bd�idno extrui�ui �i�ffe creditur, obelifd partesicu notK Aegypli�,.nbsp;Krfw vergtliiKle�ionem etiant ad piilurdmre�rt, AeneidtS.bis uerbisnbsp;QuinprotiniKomnempcrlegerentoculK. B- Euthygrammiiamp;cirnbsp;cini tradix ufum. Per Euthygrammum intelligo rcgulam,qua�dire�tinbsp;lineam dicas .Naad regulaexpeduntur linca: re�l�,ut circuli�quicq^ eiutnbsp;^drtetn aliqifdm re/�runt^ad circiaurn, Quod�gnificaffe mi�i uifut cft,cH

4 M. ViTRVVn POLL. inf�riiifdelchnogrdphid lolt;juen5,circinicr reguhe ufumiotintredixittnbsp;Prlt;ecldr� eriidttionuicximijc^i iudic^j hotno,Prdiici�cus PrtfcidnenltSymonbsp;nuit fieripotui/fe,ut pro circintifcriptumfi{mt/cyclicii,utlegdtur,euthy=!nbsp;grdniitiiSiZy cydicii tradit ufum, id eft red^icirculurii^i lineiC ld ueronbsp;exiftimduit ,quodinc�teris difciplinii!(ju�4Vitruuiopercenfentur,nuanbsp;tnerdndo,qutbiif!oriiatum unit Architeduin,dnimdduertit)non eo uenijj�,nbsp;ut tndximenecejf4rilt;t,cttqi ddeo uulgiriaectnpleilcretur.�^on debui lt;tminbsp;cicr dodiuiricatiiedurdm/neghgcre. Voeem uero Turbigrc(n}mi,qu�nbsp;indi�iquis aliquot excmpldribui inuciiitur, ecu ftiuriant or degenercin,nbsp;omnino legitimarum numeroieximitmti cf reijcimui. J-ineii autemiomnenbsp;Graphidos ftaentiam perftci^xiftimamui,ijs^!ex Heronis (�nt�tia, redisinbsp;autnonre�ii� Redarum/unaeft ratio:namex�quoiintrafudccnclusnbsp;duntur pun�ia.i^on redarum�ut inquit ille)ali�icirculdres,ali�iobliqu�,nbsp;dli�i'inft�X�. yi.dthemdticui Apolloniuidiui/itftmplieiui, tn re(la!,circunbsp;lares, ^2� obliquai t VtPdrmenidesdixcrftftguraniomncm eft�idutreda^nbsp;dutcircumcurrentem,dutmixtam. Geminus, lineaidnplanoi.e^ folidoi'nbsp;partituseft. C- EzUhntionum. ide^librainenti,quodperfieiturnbsp;libelld,inftrumentigenere,quoidd regulamiuniuerfd, qu� in piano iacent,nbsp;co�quantur.D, Peropticenireiffceducunturaquauisregioncnbsp;lumina,Optice,perft!e�iuatransftrtur,dequdGelliui nodium attiea*nbsp;rumUb.xyi.Cdp.xiiij. HucuercyreftrripoteftlocuiLibriftxtiCap. ix�nbsp;in quodocet,quo padoicommunium parietemt dltitudini,dut dngufti� lo*nbsp;cijimmittendo lumineioccurratur � Quod ft cui credibdeeri^ftiedalfe Vλnbsp;truuium dd dij^o/itionem,ut noxiits a�r uitetur,dut ut ad coeli regionemnbsp;dire/lJones ftant, ut ufui ^falubritatii�diftcid idoneaeftepo�int, quodnbsp;trdditUb.yi.Cdp.yiftiduerojcidtiPhyftcorumdtqiAftrologorupldcitisnbsp;fcitisUcpr�firibi- E., Diffl�ilesqueSytnmerriariimqu�ft-S�iinbsp;(inquit) qu�ddm fymmetri�,qu�inift per Arithmeticen,ficile probdrinonbsp;po�int. Namplurima!qu�demagnitudinibus'per rationem geometricamnbsp;trdduntur,drithmeticii ftupputationibusapertius explicantur, dutcertenbsp;multofticiliui. Sicutftunt, qu�inullii numcris ejficere po�is,(edgrdmmianbsp;fis rdtionibus,ut in quadratiparium lateru duplicdtionefteri ftcribit Lib.^

yr HiTton'asautem plures?houifleoportet,quodmukaorna menta/f�pe in opcribus Architc^i defignanr,de quibus argiinbsp;mentis,.

mentis, ration�/cur fecerint qu�rentibus /nbsp;reddere debent. Qugnbsp;admodSTi quisftatu^nbsp;as marmorcas mugt;nbsp;li'eres ftolatas, amp; qugnbsp;P Caryatides dicStur,nbsp;pro columnis in openbsp;re ftatuerit �C infug/nbsp;muculoa/�i coronasnbsp;collocauerir, perronnbsp;tantibus/ita reddctnbsp;rationem. Cary a ci?nbsp;uitas Pelop�nei�, ci�nbsp;Perfishoftibus'Congt;nbsp;tra Gr�ciam confennbsp;�t, pofteaiGr �ci pernbsp;uiftori� gloriofebelnbsp;lo liberati, commuanbsp;ni confilio/Caryatidnbsp;bus bellum indixe�nbsp;runt.Itacg/oppido ca Grlt;fclt;tr�nbsp;pto, uiris tnterfediSjnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�

�iuitate dcleta, ma# tronas eorum/in fer#nbsp;uitutem abdiixer�t�nbsp;Nec funt palTi/ftolas,nbsp;necp ornatus matro#nbsp;nalcs/deponere , u�fnbsp;n� uno triumpho dunbsp;cerentur: fed �ternonbsp;feruitutis ex�plo/granbsp;ui c�tumelia prelf�,nbsp;p�nas pendereuidcnbsp;rentur pro ciuitate�nbsp;Ideo/qui tune Archi#

ecftt fuernnt, fdificijspii bltcis defignaiter�t ca�gt; Gnbsp;ru�i imaginesOneri fe^nbsp;�undo collocatas, uc etinbsp;ampoftcrismota pccnanbsp;peccatiCaryari� ,nbsp;moriecraderetur, W�nbsp;minus Lacones,Paufagt;nbsp;nia Cleombroti filio dunbsp;ce,PIat3eeo pr3elio,paunbsp;ca manu infinitum nugt;nbsp;mcrum exercitus Perfanbsp;rum/c� fupcrauiffent,nbsp;ado cum gloria-triumgt;nbsp;pho, fpoliorum SZ pr�nbsp;porte dfpontam Porl�cam.1

tutiscon^ j.j.gpl^�^^j,Qj^Q�[ygj.unt, �i(utd,Cit^ j�j-^j.2pjiyorumfimu^ Knbsp;ptiuorum iachra,barbarico ueftisnbsp;Pldt�en� Qrnatuifuperbiamerigt;nbsp;um�rniild jjg contumelijs punit;^nbsp;cfcrit pro fuftinenciatectum/collonbsp;columtiii cauerunt: uti di hoftesnbsp;teila �u�i horrcfccrenttimorceo#nbsp;ttetid, PdU l um forcitudinis/affedi,nbsp;fdniieLd= Si ciucSid cxemplGuif'/nbsp;(onit dult;= tunsafpicientes,glorianbsp;cisglorid. �redi,addefendendatnnbsp;i�bertateni.effent paragt;nbsp;tigt; Itac�jexeomultifta�fnbsp;tuas Perficas fuftinengt;nbsp;t es epirtylia/�i ornam�snbsp;U eoruna collocauer�t.

amp; itaiex eo argumcn-to 5 uarictates egregf as auxcrunt open gt;nbsp;bus. Irem Cunt ali�nbsp;ciwfdem gene ris higt;nbsp;ftori�,quaru!-n non'^^nbsp;ciam Archifcftosrcnbsp;nereoporter. VIInbsp;lofophia uero/p�rfiigt;nbsp;cic Architcftum aninbsp;mo magno,ecuti nonbsp;fit arrogans,fcd pogt;nbsp;dus facilis,�quus, amp;Cnbsp;fidelis, fifie auadcia,nbsp;(quod eft maxi'rai^nbsp;Nullum enim opus/nbsp;ucrefine fide 5i caftinbsp;rate fieri potcft . Menbsp;fit cupidus , necp innbsp;muneribus accipiennbsp;dis habeat animumnbsp;occupatum, fed c5nbsp;grauitateffuam tuea.nbsp;tur dignitafem,bo#nbsp;nam famam habensnbsp;do. H�c enim Philonbsp;fophiapr�fcribir.nbsp;Pr�rerea ide rerum VJip!nbsp;narura,quf grfce?gt;u#nbsp;�'�xo/adicitiir, philonbsp;fophia cxplicat:qu�/nbsp;necefie eftftudiofiusnbsp;nouifte,quod habetnbsp;multas Siiiarias nagt;

buSjfpiricus naturales�litcr atc� aliter fiunt,quorui-n offenl�o nibusimederi nemo poterir,nifiqui ex Philolophia principianbsp;rerum natur� nouerir, Itemqui Thesbi� aut Archimedis linbsp;bros, amp;c�terorumiquieiufmodi generis pr�ceptaconfcri^nbsp;pferuntkget,cum ijsffcntirc non poterir,niii his rebus a Philonbsp;IX fophisfucrit inftitutus. Muficen autemfdat oportet, uti l,nbsp;canonicam rationemj�i Mathematicanvhotam habeat : pr�nbsp;tereabaliftarum,catapultarum,fcorpionumtemperaturas/ mnbsp;poffit rede facere.In capitulisenim dextra ac finiftra, funt fonbsp;raminahomotonor��,perqu�/tcndunturergatis autfuculis Nnbsp;�Cuedibuste neruo tortifunes,qui/n�pr3ecliiduntur neepr�nbsp;ligantur,nifi fonitus ad artif�cis aure�certos amp; �quales fcce^nbsp;rint.Brachia enim/quf in cas tentionesincluduntur,cum ex#nbsp;tenduntur,3equaliter,amp;pariter.utraejplag�emittercdebent.

r Qti� Caryatides dicuntur.CaryatidiunJ� c�ftiitudrim mu* ltcbriumincolumni5,memittitPlt,Lib,�6Xdp.!, G Defignaueruntnbsp;carum imagines. Piulmpdi ftdtudm foemineam luidimuf Romlt;e, innbsp;JAdcello Coruorum, Sed hoc locomefcio rideam mag{f,an de�derem innbsp;eisiudici�,quiiexquibufcunj-dntiquii famineiiftdtUK, qudUtuUjJe onusnbsp;cognouerint, extftimdnt Vitruuidndrum, id cfl Grlt;ecdrum Cdrydtidwmfi 'nbsp;gurdm'poffeconijci, QUd�uer�lund �mpkxfiicrit muliebriumin co*nbsp;lumnis ftdtudrum rdtio:dc non potius, dd Gnecorum imitdtioncm, lieue*nbsp;rit Komdnis ier cieteris gentibus, reprtefnitdre edrum rerum imdginesnbsp;qudsite�ent po(leris memorie trddi.Cert�iei qudmuidi�e retulimus,cd*nbsp;pitulum erdt Doricum,M cdpite tdntumifuftincret- Athen�us dutem Itb,nbsp;Dipnofophifton-G.ex Lynceo Sdmio refirt^Euerdtem Corydon bibentemnbsp;apud quenddm,cuius domusie�et mdrcidd,dixijje, ibi c�ndntcmioporte*nbsp;rcfinifirdmmdnum fupponercinlldr Cdrydtidum Xcu Cdrydtides�ni*nbsp;fird mdnufuftincre te�um �ue epyfiiliumifinger�tur, dexlrddutemjdliudnbsp;quippidm refirreX ius uerbd fmt, eur^ccth�? o KopuePos mvu p Trahir tnbsp;Vt o-O-TtfaS owHi TKSOiKiaS, tVrauS-anbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;U7ros-Klt;rav^

Talt;riuj �t�jSEp�^j nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ai Ka^viXTiJ'i^�Sedde Cdrydtidibusif^

ijuoJ ibi virginum chorm,mclti ruinte,confccndjJJ�'t lutcis arlorcnt'.cum Aths;��U{,Paufini4s.,crcftcrt,�Carylt;tLMontiei(li�idfUtlint. H Paunbsp;fania CIcombf oti fili o duce. ThucydidtsiCkctnhroli dicit �liut�.nbsp;Suidas matrem addit Anchitheam, Quidam cedtccs hic pro Clcomhroti'nbsp;baient Aga:/ipolidos,nefcio qupau�ore^ 1 PorticiimPerficam.nbsp;De ea porticulegito Paufania in Ldconicis,uii de ijs, qu� Spartif/in �ronbsp;fixflatudignauifebantur, K Captiuorumfinau�achrabarb.vinbsp;funtur fenesduocaptiuiifliufmodiRomatxniedibtu Columnenfiumt S�nfcnbsp;Cr Tyburtiiuuencs duo,alti pedes duodecim,quos/aHguando4ntepagmeHnbsp;torn �tlji loco,funt qui exifiim�t^ornatu capitis Aegyptio^Videof.t^ Ronbsp;K�Saiyrosduos,etiamnunconeriferttndo'collocatos,mtedibusBarptol,nbsp;i VaUe. itaRomani,quod LaconcsiinPerfarumignomini�ficerMtiminnbsp;tati,uariarumrcrum imagines'in columnas tranfiulerunt. L Cano�:nbsp;nicam rationemiamp;math. Menfr�e� Lib-s, Cap. f Sunt cy ^ttlt;cd�nbsp;quahucpertinent apud.Gei�ium.Lib.t6. Cap.is.crapudBoctiummu�nbsp;ccsLib.iCdp.z.crLib.s.Cap.i.cri. M Baliftarum,carapu�nbsp;tarum, fcorpionum temperaturas. DeJji�Lib.wCap.i�.tS.iynbsp;CM8.Sedfemeldi�lumuelim,meifecuttmieffeincitandoVitrut�o,dijlff A*nbsp;iutionem capitumiex codice plorenti� impreffo, non taimquod probaremnbsp;(nam multis in locU inepti�ima e^l, GrVitruuiuslperpetuaorationefcrianbsp;p�t^quamiutqiierentiumc^legentiucotifHleremUbori. N Perqu�/nbsp;t enduntur fuculisi��ucftihus .'in aliquibus codicibui ante uocabu=inbsp;l� fuculis,ddduntur dua hte diiliones,ergdtK aut,neqi abs re-Ndm Liamp;aonbsp;Cap-is. baliflarumiali^uasfuctdis,'nomiitllafpoly^a�is,aliaskrgatis,nbsp;sjuafdamttiamtympanistorquerifcribitt Sedde ergaiisamp;fuculis^osnbsp;aliol�codicemus.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;,

Quod fi nonbomotonaTuerintjimpcdfentdirciftam tclo^ CS/�* rum iiiiflionc. Iremiheatris uafa �rea,qu�un cellis fiib gra^nbsp;dibus madiemadca rationc collocantur,amp; Ibnituum dilerf�nbsp;niina,qu�gr�ciKxi�� uocanr,adfymphonias muficas Guenbsp;concentus, componuntur, diuifa in circinationc diatefTaron 'nbsp;amp;diapencc)amp;:diapafon,uti uoxicenici fonnusconiicnicns innbsp;dilpoGtionibus, taducum offcnden't, auAacGfncremento,nbsp;darior amp; fuauior ad fpeftatorum perueniat aures, Hydrau#

oportet ea, qu�/necefiaria funt �dif�erjs communibus parier turn ad ambitum ftillicidioriim amp; cloacarum amp;Juminum. 5nbsp;Item aquarum duAiones, Si c�teraqu� eiufmodLfunr, jiogt;nbsp;ta oportet fint ArchiteAis,ud antecaueant, quam inftituantnbsp;�iedificia ; ne controuerf��,faAis operibus, patribusfamiliagt;nbsp;rum relinquantur. Si tic legibus ieribendis/prudentia cauerinbsp;pofi�pSilocatoriSiconduAori.Namcffilexlperite fuerir feri Tnbsp;ptajCritUtfine captioneluterc�abutrocf liberetur. ExAgt;

* ftrologiaautc'cognofcituroricns,occidens,mcridies,fcptcngt; triOj�i c�liratio,equinoAium,folfi:itium,aftrorumcurfus:nbsp;quorum notitiam/fi quis non habuerir, horologiorum rationbsp;nemjomninofcirenon poterie. Cum crgo/cantah�cdifcipli^nbsp;na/fitcondecorata,8i abundanseruditionibusuarijsfac plugt;nbsp;ribus, non puco/pofieiufle repente fe profite ri ArdiireAos,nbsp;nifiquiab aeratepucriliihisgradibus difciplinartim icandennbsp;do,fcieniia plurium literarum Siartium nutriti ,peruenerintnbsp;ad fummum templum ArchitcAur�.

O Qu�,finonhomotonafuerint, 14eR,nonie^Uiilitertenfd, Mmanibus tdili fitnes, lt;equalem in utroquefonitut hdbeant re/fionfum,nbsp;^uod ex Cdp tS, Librilo.dididmuf. Ni Caput eins Lib- i^.anatona dicit,nbsp;ficdpituldlaltiora fitda fiterint �quant latitude, ficut catatona.fi minus at*nbsp;ta, P Intlieatrisuafa�rea.,Cdp5. Liamp;. f, wprwiMM/ioffOMWdnbsp;augendamin theatris uocem ,ex l,\uficorum concentutim partitionibuinbsp;fumptam, tradit diligentfiime. Quidam codices'bic babent cchetica,nbsp;ideft,HX^^Kci,ideflfonora: Ced quod Lib.s,Ca.f-fieri terea uafa fcribat,nbsp;mbtlmuto.Q Hydraulicas ciuocymscbinas.Hydraultcie maebi*nbsp;w partim fiunt ad aquarum expre�iones, partim ad excitandas in orga �nbsp;tiff muficis barmontos, imitandos auium cantuf,mouenda figilla ad hero* --logiorum 4

DE ARCHITEC* LIB, I, n kgiorum uer�itionem,cr ft quid huiufmodLDe quAus Ltb.^.C�p. �. ernbsp;tnultisLibriio,clt;ip�ibui,mtiximeij. R Inclinationesc�li,qu�/nbsp;Gr�ci climan. Chmdappett�tpl�g^mduobuiintericilampttrallelis,nbsp;i ucrboK'��va,hoceii tnclino, quodiceriol^atioinclineturadpolut�,/tuenbsp;dechnetabiequMore, S Sn�licidior�miSccloacarumiamp;LJumt�nbsp;num. QawnonuidetforecontrouerpinslocatortjiArchitedusnefeiatinbsp;quantum liccat in uicini re:iia ne /tticloacit immittend�,an aperto parie�nbsp;te communiiliceat immittere fine�ras,liceat neuicinorum �uminibtM office �nbsp;re,parietem communem lieeat alterutridemolirinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;reficere. Atquii�a

omnia funt ex iuris �ienti� petenda, ut nihil �t mirum,� vitruuiufidifei� plinis omnibus tin�tim uclit Achite�um . Porr� de feruitutum omninbsp;genere,confulendus e� liber PdndeiHarumo�lauus, T Locatori amp;nbsp;conduA�ri.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;domum idi�candam, tsidicitur locator:qui

recipit, condudor uocatur. idemiQr redemptor, ab Alpheno zfr toZfzio lurifconfultiS:dicitur,Pandedarum lib.i^^ locati or conduit.nbsp;liamArchite0livfl�di�ciumtn�ttuereieyarbitrari. V Adfumm��nbsp;templum Architedur�. Tcmplum,proculminedixiticr��igio,nbsp;quoniamtempla,inte�iis fuprci cdnterioiponuntur,utLii-4� Cap.i.

At fortafTe'mirumuidebi�tur impen'cis hom�nibus,poflc naturamitantum numerum doftrinanim perdifcere,amp; mcgt;nbsp;moria continerc.Cum autem animaduertcrint,omnes difciV oninesnbsp;plinasj�nterfe/coniunftionemrerumSi communicationemnbsp;habere,fieri pofle fadlitcrcrcdetur.Encyclios enim difdplina,nbsp;uti corpus unum/ex his membris,eftcompofica,Itac^)qui a te^nbsp;neris �caribusierudidonibus uarijs inftruiintur, omnibusnbsp;tcrispgnofcunteafdem notas, communicationcmcf omniS *nbsp;difcip!inarum;6iea refaciliusomnia cognolcunt, Ideocpricnbsp;ueteribus Architeftis, Pythius, qinPrienaeoedem Mineru�nbsp;nobiliter cft architeftatus, air in fois commentarii's, Archtgt;nbsp;tedumiomnibus artibus amp; doftrinisplus oportere pofle fagt;nbsp;cerc,quamqui f�ngulas res fuis induflriis�iexercitationibuanbsp;ad fummam claritatem perduxerunr, Id autem re non cxpcgt;nbsp;ditur.Non enim debet ncc poreft efle Architedus Grammarnbsp;iicus,uti fuir Ariftarchus,i�d non agra�nmatos;nec Muficus,nbsp;ut AriiloxenuSjfedn� amufos;necpido]^ut Apclks ,fed gra

phidos nonimpen�tus: necplaftes,qucmadmodiim Mynon feuPolycletus, fedrationis plaftic� non ignarus : nee denuo Xnbsp;medicus^ut Hippocratcs,fed non aniatrologetos : nee in c�te Ynbsp;nsdoArinisfingulariterexcellenSjfedin his nonimpentus�nbsp;No enim in tantisrerum uariecaribus,elegantias iingularesnbsp;quifquam confequi poteft, quod earum ratiocinaciones cofnbsp;gnofcereamp;percipere,uixcadicin potcftatem.Nectamen/nonnbsp;tantum. Archice��ti� ppflunt in omnibusrebus/habere fumnbsp;mum..effectum, fed etiam ipfijqui priuatim propriccateste#nbsp;nentartium,non efficiunt, ui habeanc omnes/fummum laugt;nbsp;dis principatum.Ergo/fiinfingulisdoftnnisiinguli artifices,nbsp;necjomncs,i�dpauci,�uo perpertuonobilitatem uixfuntnbsp;con(ecuti;quemadmodum potefi Architeftus, quipluribusnbsp;artibus debet efle peritus,non idipfum mirum amp; magnum fanbsp;cerc,ncquid ex his indigeat: fed etiam,�t om nes artifices fupenbsp;rer,quifingulis doArinis/afTiduitatem cuminduftriafumma/nbsp;Pytbii era pr�ftiterunt.Igitur in hac rc/Pythius erraffe uidetur,quod nonbsp;animaduerterit/ex duabus rebus �ngulas artes effecompofi#

* tas,cxopere,amp; eius ratiocinatione. Exhisautemiunum^progt; priumeffeeorum,quilfingulis rebus funt exercitati,idcft�penbsp;riseffedus; altcrum,tommunecum omnibus dodis, id eft ranbsp;tiocinatio:uti MedicisiSi MuficisSi de'uenarum rythmo,etde Znbsp;pedum motu. At fi uulnus medcri,aut aegrum eripere de pc#nbsp;riculo oportuerir,non accedet Muficus, fed id opus propri�nbsp;erit Medici. Item in organo,non Medicus, fed Muficus mo#nbsp;dul.abitur, utauresfuamcantionibus recipiat iucunditatem.nbsp;Si militer, cum Aftrologisamp;jMuficiscft difputatio commu#nbsp;nisdefympathiaftellarum;amp; �fymphoniarum, in quadratisnbsp;amp; trigonis, diateffaron amp; diapente, cum Gcom.etr.is de uifu,nbsp;qui grxce'hiyamp;iiifiMirappellat�r, c�terisc^omnibus doftri#nbsp;nis,mult�resjuel omnes/communesiunt duntaxatad difptinbsp;tandum. Operum uero ingreffus, qui manu ac iradationi#nbsp;busad elegantiam pcrducuntur, ipforum funt, qui proprionbsp;una arte ad faciendum iunt inftituti. Ergo fan's abundc/isui#nbsp;detur fecifl'e, quiicxl�ngulisdodrinispar�cs�C rationes ear3/nbsp;mediocriter habet notas, eascjfqux neceffari� funt ad archiinbsp;teduram.

tcftur�, uu fi quidde his rebus amp; ardbusiudkare amp; probare opus fuen'r, ne dcltituatur,ucl deficiac. Qiiibus uero natura;nbsp;tantum tnbukfoIerti�,acuminiS5memori�,utpoff�nt Geonbsp;metriam,Aftr�logiam,Muf�ccn,c�tcraslt;�difciplinas/pcni!?nbsp;tushabere noras,pr�tereunt officia Architedorum,amp; effici^nbsp;uncur Maclieniarid. Itacj,faciliter/contra eas difciph'nas diipunbsp;tare poffiint, quod pluribus telisdifciplinarum/ffint armatf.nbsp;Hi aur�/inucniuntur raro jut aliquando fuerunt Arifiarchusnbsp;Samius,Phiiolaus'amp; Architas Tarentini, Apollonius Pergcnbsp;uSjEratofthcnes Cyrencus j Archimcdes'�i Scopinas ab'Sy#nbsp;racufis,qui'multas resorganicasamp;gnomonicasjnumero/nanbsp;turalibusc� rationibus inuentas at�� cxplicatas,poiteris religt;nbsp;querunt.Cum ergo talia ingenia/a naturali folertia, non pafnbsp;�mcunAisgentibuSjfedpaucis uirishabereconccdatur:offinbsp;dum uero Architedli/omnibuser�ditionibus debeat cfTc �x^�nbsp;crcitatum,5i ratio/propter amplitudinem rei/permittac,nonnbsp;iuxca ncceffitatcm/fummasjied etiam mediocres fdentias ha^nbsp;here difciplinarumjpeto C�far , amp; a te, amp; abhis/qui in ca uo^nbsp;luminafunt lclt;3:uri,ut fi quidparum ad artis Grammatic� renbsp;gulanvfucrit cxplicatumjignofcatur. Namcjm� uti fummusnbsp;Philofophus,ncc Rhetor difertus,nec Grammaticus fummisnbsp;rarionibus ards cxercit3tus,fcd ut Archit edus,hislireris imlt;nbsp;butusjh�c/nifus fum fcribcre;De ards uero poteftate,qufcj innbsp;funt in eayradocinationesjp�lhcc�rC�d fpero)hisuolumini^nbsp;bus,nonmodo �dif�earitffi��'^fed etiarnzomnibusfapiend#nbsp;busjcum maxima autoritatejmeifinc dubio pr�fiaturum,

X � Ration�splaffica�nonignarus, Cxnationtiineninil4cun4* ri4,o-camer4r� intum c(icIum,4[;ciu4ndopMl� ormtiuientdillingttennbsp;dwm calind�mue. sigilld etiAM'Wiigunculfq} reltHis in parictibutnbsp;tuUi ( Kaliit mehios appiUat^credo^qtioi iinbncdtK conchisfoleat caru/anbsp;fuperiorpArs ornari,conchM fnimkthrures nichios nomindnt)collocdnnbsp;dte Auf �fiigiorum ctcroteriis.idjictnon niltplafticcs bene�eio, cuius fiiitnbsp;fngert ex Argilliifimilitudinc$,�gyp[ovedd(rehommumwMginem,rtti�

�4 M. VITRVVII POLL� bra(iilemK3quot;cretd,utexCdp.u,Lib.if,PlinijdtdicmiK. NoHneietitisnbsp;artifjcef,quod huiufmodiin antiquorum diuinis reperiunt, Stucchum dpnbsp;piUdnt;i!losqi imitdti,mdrmoredf nonullidjjuldf/pilis firreif contufdf.crinbsp;bris excernunt,ftMt�imdq; fcobc,ddmixtd puri�imd cdlce,in Idcu mdcenbsp;rdtdftttiMttrteffingutqiquodlibet, Long�polittUifiieritiUu�riui^,/tpronbsp;' mdrmorefihce flaidtilticandidonbsp;nbsp;nbsp;pclluado,ut und pdrsidd duM calcis re

�)ondcdt,utaris(eof(ix�/Venette Murdn� officinie, �-Ticmo- fluuio coma portdtOi�udnqKdm �x dUjSipetipote�juitrum criflallinumiperficiut)nbsp;Quod��ubtili�unepi�ummirmorexillifcobiadmifcueris, non parut�nbsp;[plcndorisQrnitoris acce�i�i/experieris. Y Non aniatrologicus.nbsp;Alias aniatrologclus,id e� non u�quequaque'mcdicinie cxpers � Z Denbsp;ucnarumrythmo , Q�ijj�c�idturipulfuum fublationis O' depre�ionbsp;nis ccleritate,remi�ione,a;qualitdte,ind;qualitate. P.ythmus,auiloreAea.nbsp;gynetd Lib.t4.Cdp.ii.aute�euryibmus ,ide�bonirythmi,dttt arrythanbsp;mus�d c� mconcinni rythmi,dutpdrarythmus,non admodum � bono abanbsp;horrcns,authet�rorytltnus, longius abonoab�cedens. Errythmufaut� inbsp;omnemconcinitatcmcorrumpit^ ad Inquadratisamp;rrigonis/dianbsp;teflaron 8c diapenre. Cum�gurisutdntur tribus A�rologi^trigono,nbsp;tetragonOjO exagono, �nt^ apud Mu�cosidiaficmata, id c� interuaHanbsp;�mplicia fymphoniarum maxima^diatcffaronproportionii fefjuitcrtine,nbsp;diapenteifc�quidlter�, diapafonduphe-hof proportionesin �gurarut�nbsp;idlarumangulis,�gnii, osradibutreperirt, au�ore� antiquusGr^cuinbsp;Ptolcicini interpres Lib. t. a7tQTiAilt;ff/-'XTtgt;sp j quod �^adripartitumnbsp;dppeflant.Trigonus itdq}Con�dt anguIounoreiHoiO'triente, Tetrago�nbsp;tUKuno re�o fo!um,Exdgonus/unius red�i /i^ot^u�d e� belfali dngulo^nbsp;Angulus trigoniiad angulit tetr agoni,��luitertite e� proporttonis, cu e�nbsp;fuperet trienttiO'�i diateff�ron : Angulus tetragonijad be�aletn exagoanbsp;ni,�tfquialtera:continct etum ipfumO�fcmi�cm;crnbsp;nbsp;diapentet Trigo�

ni angulus/ad exagoni dngutungt;,dupli� e� proporttonK'habet enim unutn / er trtentan, idek trientesquatuor,�uebeffesduos,hic:bc�'alis e�,idnbsp;e� duoriimtrientum.fitigitur diapafon. In�gnis, eddetnratio.Trigonusinbsp;quatuorhabet�gnd,tetragonustrid,exagonusiduo.4, ad.s. proportionbsp;efifefqHitertid:uad.i.fefquialtcra^4.dd,z.dnpla.Supcrcfi utdegradi*nbsp;btes dicamus.Trigonuf/gradui habet. 11 o. Tetragonus, 90. Exagonuffnbsp;(So, zip,ad..$o, proporliofefqHiter(i((if)Ofdd,lt;So,fc{quiattcra-. uo,nbsp;lt;td69^

�ll.i�o. duplet � En fympetthiei concentuum amp; �gurarumicx mult K uerbt$ Crdifficillitnisi��is interpretii^cuita mihicopiumficitnUu�ri�imui Riwnbsp;tbf�or�mEpifcopiti,Georgiui Armenidcus,tU!KFRANCISC'E Rrxnbsp;maxime chri�iani�imejLegatM ad fummum Ponti�ccm Paulum 111.nbsp;Mc c�� meui, Sed cz plaitetarum a�gt;eiltnproporticnilgt;u'gt; harmoniaenbsp;cis pcrfieiuntur, qued zyquot;rejirt�oamcsProfchius Cap^r. lAu�ca:^ Resnbsp;/�eHuf cnimfextiltijfitfecundo�gno, qute di�antiaiad reliquara Zodiasnbsp;ci partem,e� quintupla,ad.ipfum ucro totu,fextupla'�fed reltqua i�a parfynbsp;in fcfquiquinta e� proportione.A/pe�iiits quartui,tertio �t �gno,qute di*nbsp;�antia ad reliquam Zodiad partemie� tripla, ad tp�um totum Zodiacum inbsp;quadrupla:fedlUarehquapars,fefquitertiay Trinitsa/�c�iuaquartcgt;�tnbsp;figno, Diflantia ad totum�gnif^um circulum, efl tripla, ad reliquamnbsp;partemfefyutaltera.

tur. Quantitas autemieft modulorum exipGus opcris fumpuone,fingulisc]fnbsp;membro# '

Di'fpo�tio autemiefirerunnapta collocatio,clcgansc^in c5 poGcionibusieffeftus op��islt;um qualitatc. Species difpo�nbsp;tionis,qu� gr�ce dtcuncur �lt;/li�;,h� funr, Ichnogvaphia Ornbsp;thographia,amp; Sccnographia,

adlongi�tudinem ,amp; adfummam/omnia refpondeant fu� fymmecri�. Item lymmetriaefttex ip�us open's membrJs/S�wweenbsp;conuenicnsconfenfusjcxpartibusc^feparatispduniucrf�fi tritt ^uiJ�nbsp;gurx fpeciem,r3tx partis refponfustutin hominis corporetenbsp;cubito pede, palmo.digito, exterisep partibus, fymmetrianbsp;eft;Gc eftinopcrum perfeftionibus.Etprimum'in xdibusfa'/nbsp;cris, ut c columnarum crafl�tudinibus, aut e triglypho, autnbsp;� etiam embarcre baliftx foramine, quod graeci mfiTfixTtv uod�nbsp;tant,nauibus intcrfcalmio,quodnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dicitur,itcm c�tegt;

rorum operum, e membris,inuenitur iymmerriarum ratio# cinatio. Decor autem,!cftemcndatusopcrisafpe(ftus,proba#nbsp;tis rebus compofiti cum autorit�re, Isperficitur ftatione,qu� Inbsp;gr�ce Siiixriir/�ff dicitur,{�u confuetudinc,aut natura, Statio#nbsp;nejcum Ioui,fulguri,�Cco�lo,amp; foli,amp; lun�, �dificia fub di#nbsp;E uojhypaethrac�fconftituunrur. Horum enim Deorumlt;amp; fpcnbsp;cies amp; effedus.in aperto mundo atqi lucenti, prxfcntes uide#nbsp;p mus. Mineruf,amp; Marti,amp; Hcrc!ili,�des Doric� fiennhis enimnbsp;Dijs,propter uirturcm,finc delirtisaedifi'cia c�fti�uidccet. Vcnbsp;neri,Fiorae,Proferpinx,fontium Nymphis,Corinthiogc#nbsp;nere conftitutx,aptasuidcbuntur habere propriet�res,quodnbsp;his Dijs;propter ceneritutem, graciliora �i florida folijsi^ �C

uoluds ornataoperafada,angereuidebuntur iuftum deco# rem, kinoni, Dian�,L*bcro patn,c�cerif�$ Drjs qui eademnbsp;funtfimilitudinejG�deslonic�conftruerentur,habita entnbsp;ratio mediocritatis.qttod �c ab feuero more Don'corum, Sinbsp;ateneritatc Corinthiorum,teiT)perabiturear�i inftitutio pronbsp;prietatis. Ad confuetudinem autemidecorficexprimitiir, c�nbsp;�difictjs interioribus magniHcis, itcm/ueftibul^cgnuenientianbsp;amp;clegantia,eruntfaAa. Steniminteriora/{{�r/eAiishabtiegt; qnbsp;runtekgantes,aditusautem/hurnilesamp;inhoncftos, n�cruntnbsp;cum decore.Item fi Doricis epiftylrjsin coronisdenticuli fcul Hnbsp;pentur*aucinpulufnatiscapitulis,amp;columnis lonicisepifty^ Inbsp;lijsexprimSturtrjglyph), translatis/exalia ratione proprietanbsp;tibusiin aliudgenus operis ,offendetur afpcAuSjalijs anre�rnbsp;dinis confiietudinibus inftitutis. Naturalis autem decorificnbsp;crit.Si pn�muj�mnibus templisfalubcrrim� regiones,aqua#nbsp;rumepfontes/inhis locisidonei eligentur ,in quibusfana cotinbsp;ftituantiir:dcinde,'maxime Efculapio, Saluti, amp; corum Deo^nbsp;rum,quorumplurimimcdicinis,aegricurariuidentur. Cumnbsp;enim�x peftilentiin falubrem locum/corpora aegra tranfl�tanbsp;fuerintnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;fontibus falubribus aquarum ufus fubrainiftra#

btintiir,celcrius conualefccnt* Itaef�cietur uti ex natura loei, maiores,auAascpc�� dignitatodiuinitasexcipiat opiniones.

Item naturae decor erit,f�cubiculis;5c Bibliothecis,ab oriente K luminacapicntur:baln�is(�Cbybcrnacu!is,ab occidcn�ehygt;nbsp;berno:pinacothec�js,amp; quibus certis luminibus opus eft pagt;nbsp;ribus,a feptcntrione,quod ea coeli regio, neep exclaratur,necpnbsp;obfcuratur iblis curfu, i�d eft certaamp; immutabilisdie perpcnbsp;tuo. Diftribuiio autem left copiarura locicpcommodadi#nbsp;fpeniatio, parcacps'n operibusfumptuscum ratione temperanbsp;tio.H�c ita ob(�ruabitur,fi primum ArchitetSus/za non quj^nbsp;ret,quae n� poteruntinueniri,aut pararipiifi magno, Namepjnbsp;non omnibuslocis/arcn�foiriti�,nee cementorum, necabicnbsp;tis,ncciappinorum,nec marnioriscopia eft;fed aliud alio lonbsp;co nafcitur, quorum coparationesdifficiles funt amp;fumptuOjgt;nbsp;f�.Vtendum autem eft,ubi non eft arena foffi'tia,fluuiatica,nbsp;autmarinalotajnopi�quocpabietisautfappinorumiuita�;

buntur,utcndorupFe(roj�popuIo,ulfno,pinu. Reliqua quo/ quehisfimih'a'eruntexplfcanda. Alter graduscritdiftribu?nbsp;tionis,cum ad ufum patrumfamtli'arum, ad pecuniae copia,nbsp;aut ad eleganti� dignitatem, �dif�cia aliter difponentur.

terquibuscxpoflefsionibusrufticisinfluuntfrudusjn�item foeneratoribusialirer beads amp; delicatis;potctibus uero,quogt;nbsp;rum cogiiationibus Refpub.gubernatur, ad ufum collocagt;nbsp;buntur:amp; omnino faciend� funt apr� omnibusperfonisnbsp;�dificiorum diftributiones.

A I chnograpbia. Veftigium opcris^quamplanam�rmdm mei Galli, itali'GriecieaHudentesuocijplantamnommant. B Orthographianbsp;autem eft cre�a frontis imago,SiHc ea�t operis fions exterior, ߻nbsp;ue tnlerior .Nam non ante quale futur um fit cpusintellexeris,qu�m �ngunbsp;larum partium fiieciem de�rtnauerii,ut uidcatur interna etiam operis denbsp;feripiio, C Sciographia. QttpddeOrthographiadi�umeR,id.etinbsp;am uelim de Sciographia di�lum,�u� Sccnographiamappellemus,ut Hernbsp;feenam uocan(fdc�rmatio,non frontis, ut Ortographta,n5 arctefut Ichnonbsp;graphia.Sape uer�dubitatume�,num cr A rchite�uiiigno�rmam�*nbsp;turi opcris(modulum appeSant) firueret, cr nos �cifje extflimamus. K4nbsp;enim�tura deprehenduntur errata, cr minima impendioi nuUoq; income'nbsp;tnodopriufquam fiant,caftigantur. Sic fculptoriceraprotypum,ficpla�nbsp;ftescretaproplafticenfingit, �ndcArche�laipropiajheenplurisuenirenbsp;folitam ab arti�etbus ipfis, qu�m aliorum opera, tradit Plinius Lib, �f,nbsp;CdpAi.Quin (S' Vitruuius Lib-to.ad�nem, exemplar helepoleos machtnbsp;nie,pro-modclla(utuocant)nominauit, D AutembateiinBaliiranbsp;foramine, quod CrxcimfiTfurop uocant. ScribuntquidamtPntnbsp;batcre,quafi ingref�rem dicas,quod Embatem Lib.^., uertat moduluw,nbsp;Sed nec prior dla no�ra leiiliodif}gt;licef,fi indu�a uocula.aut,ita diflinguanbsp;fHus, Qr primum in ^edibus facris,ut � columnarum cra�itudintbus, aut�nbsp;triglypho embatc,ut interpretetur Triglyph� embatem, id e� modulu^exnbsp;^�0 fcilicetiingenere Doriccpartes omnes metienda, ut in alifs generibut:nbsp;� columnar� cra�uudinadeinde fequatur�n bah�a, �ramtne quod Gr�.

30 M. VITRVVII POLL, ciTri^�TfKTOiJuocit�nhDceo�raminefcribULib.io.C�p.is^ E Ky �nbsp;p^zlmLiuecon(tiaiuni:uirjdeflfubdulia�uefubJiualtii,ti�m�.i8^Hnbsp;a�rem f�gntficiit. lieri nero Oquot; hypcethridiAnte templorum ueflibulci coitsnbsp;fueui/fe, uel unuf Zcnodotusin parocmi� idu�lor ejje poter it, fed de hocnbsp;altbi, � AedcsDoric�.AcdfS f(crlt;ehoc loco triplici tantum di ff�lt;*nbsp;rent id con�derdntur,�)oricogenere, lonico,cyCorynthio .NamdeTuinbsp;fcdnicis Lib,4.Cdp.6. Doricdrumiefl neglei�ior cr incultior firu�tura,nbsp;Knde Cf feuer ior. Corynthi�, guod plurd hdbent orndmentd,delicdtioanbsp;res funt. l!Ledilt;efunt loniclt;e;inter harum teneritatem,(y i�irurn feueritdlt;inbsp;tem, G Siinterioraiperfeftushabuerintelcgantes.Aliquicoanbsp;dices hdbent per/peilui, uerbisiCT �diuer�s eodem certe JfcHdntibuStnbsp;Udmiqute dbfolutdperfiildq^funt opera, nonpoffuntnon oculisarride*nbsp;re^zyddbUndiri, H ItemiiDoricisecc.Quitheatrumarchite�ld^'nbsp;tufe�,quodAuguftufjfub nomine l�drce�li nepotisexfororeOHauia,nbsp;cxtruxitidenticuIosinDoricdcoronafcalp�ttquodilonicarumeratpro^nbsp;pritvm,ddDoricd5trdns�rcns, I Auti'npuluinatis.lonicdrttwconbsp;iumnarum capitula funt puluindtd,unde tyy puluinatie columnte.uocari ponbsp;tucrunt. At non in earum zopboris ( (^u�fregid uulgo uocantur, uoce^nbsp;exiftim�)d phrygionibus,qui acu�ciunt,du{ia ; ut enim i�orum opera acunbsp;pi�ai�guris quibuslibet in�gniuntur, itdjzophororit �re ratio fcalpturSnbsp;de�derdt)triglyphifcalpuntur,quorumguttteidependentinepifiylia, utnbsp;Lib.4Xdp.}. docet,f;d funt Doricaru, lUarum autem zophorifunt pubnbsp;uinati,id eH fubtumentes in circulum,id e�,delumbdtd circinatione rotunnbsp;dk in quibufiam cxemplaribuipro puluinatis columnis,fcriptum eflpid*nbsp;t(inatiscdpitulis,utLtb,s.Cdp.ultime. K Sicubiculisamp;. Debabnbsp;nets Lib^fXap.io.iyereliquisquas caliregiones /fe�aredebednt,identnbsp;fcribitLib.6Xap,7,L Etadpcciini� copi�.Focneratoribufctpw/nbsp;blicanisiiedifield commodiord cr�)acio�ord leyab in�dijs tutaje/J��cien dnbsp;dd,fcr(bit Libx, Cap, s, ut hoc loco fcribendum�t,alfier,non alte,

K4t orm (y publtcorum tedificiorum difiributioK ttibus,�-gnomoniccs!iymachinationis, .

Artes l'pf�us Aixhitcfti

� nkCjMachinatio Aec

C quibus unatftm�niiim amp;communium operiim in publias ... . .. - . . - .

E tio. Publicor�autcmdiftributiones/funttres, cquibus/una

J, gt;� nbsp;nbsp;��nbsp;nbsp;/�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;,-snbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;-nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;____

D lociscollocatio; alrera)eftpriuatorum�difidorumexplicagt; eftdefenfionis,altcra'rcligionis,ternatopportunitatis. Defennbsp;f�onis,eftmurorumicurriumcg.amp;porcarum ratio, ad hofti�nbsp;impetus perp�tue rcpcllendosexcogitara. ReligioniSjDeonbsp;rutn immortalium fanorum,�diumcpfacrarum collocatio.nbsp;Opportunitatis, omnium locorum ad ufum publicum dif?nbsp;polkio, uti portus,fora,porticus,balnea,theatra, inambulanbsp;tioncs,c�reraq�,qu3e ijfdem rationibus^in publicis defignan^nbsp;turlocis.H�cautcmica fieri debenr, ut habcarur ratio firmitanbsp;1 tis,utilitaus,ucnuftatis. Firmitatis erithabita ratio,cum fuenbsp;rit fundamentorum ad folidum depreff�o quac^ mate#nbsp;ria/fopiarum fineauaritia diligenseleftio. Vtilitacisautem,nbsp;emendara amp; fine impeditione,ufu locorum, difpofitio, amp; adnbsp;regiones fui cuiufque generis.'apta Sicommoda diftributio.

!� VenuftaosuerOjCumfuerit operis ipcciesigrataamp;elegans, membrorumquecommenfusiiuftas habeat fymmetriarumnbsp;rationes,

A Aedificatio.H�libriso�oprimifabfoluitur.B Gnomonice� Deilaraturhbronono, cdMtem efl^t^ux exgnomonisjde^�yliumbra,nbsp;horologiorumdtfcriptioncscrratioaendocet� C Machinatio.Edw/nbsp;liberdecimuf explicat.. D Meenium amp; communium. Qult;eadnbsp;publica itdificia pertinent,totii quineyprimif libriiltraduniur, E Pri�nbsp;uarorum �dificiorum cxpiicatio i Dehit^iber fextui traHat^nbsp;F Defenfioniseft. Df/�n/i0icxLiamp;.pnwoez'/ccK�(iopffc�(i(t, Gnbsp;ReligionisimmortaliumDcorum.L!igt;�rterf��ei^�((rf��a(irenbsp;ligicnem�jeiflant .H Opportunitatis � tibrocjuinto hiecdocetur,nbsp;Quanquam ad epportunitatcm re terri pojjunt, quitiibro oituuo de aquanbsp;Craquaduilibui dicuntur^ j Firmitatis erit habita ratio. Denbsp;frwtfafc/critttKrCdp.ii.Lifc.s. K Vtilitatisautem.Hdncdoce�nbsp;librilexticaput fcptimuWtprueteralialoca� L Venuftatisuero,

HucrefirripoJJimti^tuide poUtionibits pi�urtt traduntur libro fepl� �O .QuMqiMmlid fyinmetriiif l^e�auit V�ruuMS, ^Montecedentibutnbsp;librif prafcr^uittto'-

DE ELECTIONE LOCOR7M SALVBRI� um,0-q^u�ob�nt[Alubrit(iti^amp;undeluminlt;inbsp;CApiAiitur- CAP, Il II,

/Loctp!�� I Nipf�suerotn�nibus'eaerunt pMticipfa.Primum/cleftfo fi bmimi A loci faluberrimi. Is autem cric excelfuslSi non nebulofus,nbsp;tlft^io. nonpruinofus,regiones(^c�lifpeftans^nelt;j�ftuofas,nec�nbsp;frigidasjfed temperatas. Deindelf� ciiirabitur paluftris uicini�nbsp;tas. Cutn enim aur� matutinjlcumfole oriente ad oppidumnbsp;peruenientjS: ijsiort� nebuj� adiungentur, fpiritufc^ beftia#nbsp;rumpaluftrium uenenatos �� nebula mixrosjinhabitatorQnbsp;corpora flatus fpargcnt,cff�cicnt locum peftilentem . Item^finbsp;fccundvi marciferunt moenia , fpeftabuntcp ad meridiem, autnbsp;ad occidentem,non erunt falubria;quia per �ftatemit�lumnbsp;ineridian�foleexorientecale{cit,meridieardet , Item^quodnbsp;fpeAatadoccidcntem,l'olccxortO'tepefcir,mcridic,calet,uc#nbsp;fpereferuet. Igitur mutationibus caloris amp; refrigcrationis,nbsp;corpora quj in ijs locis funr,uitiantur. Hocaui�licetanimadnbsp;uertcre etiam exijs,qu3e non funt animalia. In cellis enim ui fi gnbsp;narijs testis, lumina nemo capit a meridie,nec ab occidente,nbsp;fed alcptentrione,quod ea rcgiof nuilo tempore mutationesnbsp;recipitjlcd eft firma perpetuo,amp;immutabilis. Ideoetiametnbsp;granatia,qu3e ad folis curfum fpedant,bonitatem dto mu� cnbsp;tanqobfoniacfiSi poma, quf'non in ea coeli parte/ponuntur, jjnbsp;qu�/eftauerfaafoliscurfu,npndiuieruantur. Namfemif �nbsp;percalorxumcxcoquit acribus [abj.Arebm] firmitatemcri#nbsp;pitjCtuaporibusferuidiscxugendo naturales uirtuteSjdiflblnbsp;uit cas, �i feruore mollefcentes/efFicit imbecillas : ut etiam innbsp;ferro animaduertimus ,quodiquamuis natura fit durum, innbsp;fornacibus/ab ignis uapore percalefadum ita mollefcir,utinbsp;ioomncgenusformae/faciliterfabriccrurzamp;idcmicum mollenbsp;amp; f andens eft,fi refrigeretur tindum frisida,re4urefcit,amp; re#nbsp;flituityr

Cituiturin antiquam propMctatem. Licetcriam confiderare h'�cKaene,exeo,qiiod aeftate,non folumfin pcftilcntibusl�#nbsp;ciSjfed criam in falubribus, omnia corporacalore fiantim�nbsp;bedna:amp; per hyemem, eti�m qu� fint peftilentiffim � r�gionnbsp;n�s, eff�ciantur falubrcs, id�o/quod a rcfrigerationibus folii^nbsp;dantur. Nonminusctiamquodqu�afrigidis rcgionibusnbsp;corpora traducuntur in calidasjnon poffunt durarc, fed difgt;nbsp;fol�untur.Qii� autem ex calidis locis,fub fcptentrioniim rz'inbsp;gionesfrigidas;non modo non laborant immutationclodnbsp;ualetudinibiiSjfedetiam confirm�tur, Qiiaretauendurri efi�nbsp;uidetur in m�nibuscollocandis'abrjs rcgionibus ,qv3C.'calonbsp;F ribus,flatus,ad corporahominum polTuntfpargere* Marnnbsp;quiaexprindpr)s,qu� Gr�ci appellant,omnia corpogt;nbsp;ra funtcompofita, id eft, excalore, 8i humorc, terreno,amp;nbsp;acre,amp;: his mixtionibus'naturali t�peratura figurantur omni

G umanimaliumiri murid�igencratimqualitates. Ergo in qui// buscorporibuscum exiiperatcprincipijscal�r,tuncinterf�#nbsp;ciqdiflbluitc^c�teraferuore, H�cautCm iiitiafeffifcit feruid�nbsp;abcertispartibusc�lum ,cum' infiditinapertasuenaspluf?nbsp;quampatituri emixtionibus nacurali temper�tura,'corpus.nbsp;Item, fi Inimor occupauit corponim uen�s , imparesq eas fe^nbsp;citjC�tera principialut a liquido corrupta^diluuntur,amp; di�nbsp;f�kiuntur compofirionisuirtutes. Itcm/ercfrigerationibusnbsp;humoris,uentorum,amp; aurarum,infunduntur uitia corpori�nbsp;bus. Non minus a�ris, eti�mcj terr�nfjin corpore naturalisnbsp;compofitio augendo aut minuendo, infirm�tc�tera prindgt;nbsp;pia;terrena,cibipleniratepcrea,grauitatccccli.Scdfiquisuqnbsp;luerit diligentius hfc fenfu perdpere,animaducrtar,attcndat^nbsp;que naturas auium,amp; pifdum,amp; terreftrium animalium ;nbsp;ita confiderabitdifcrimina temperatur�. Aliam enim mixti�inbsp;nem habet genus autLim,aliam ipifcium,longealiam terreftri 'inbsp;um natura. Volucresiminus habet terreni, minushumoris,nbsp;caloristemperat�,amp; a�:rismultum;Igitur Ieuioribusprincigt;nbsp;piiscompofir�,faciliusinacrisimpetum nituntur. Aquati#nbsp;les autem pifeium natur�,quod temperatac funta calido,pliinbsp;rimumq/cx acre Sifcrrenofuntcompoficae, fed humoris ha^nbsp;beni

bent opptdo qu3 paulum;quo minushabent c pnncjpqshu� morisin corpore,faciliusin humorc perdurant. Icaf�cumnbsp;ad terram perducuntur,animamjcum aquarelinquunt. Itemnbsp;terreftria quod e. principrjsiab acre calorec� funt temperata,nbsp;minulcghabent terreni, plurimumc^ humoris quod abungt;nbsp;dantbumid� partes,nondiu poflunt in aqua uiramtuer�nbsp;Ergo (fi h�c ita uidentur,quemadmodum propofuimus, �Cnbsp;exijspn'ncipijsanimaHum corpora compofita icnfupercipinbsp;nius,amp;cxuberationibusaut defcclionibusealaborarc,di(rol �nbsp;uicj indicauimus: n� dubitamus,quin diligendusqu�ri opornbsp;tcatjUti temperariifinaasc�li regiones eligamus,cum qu�rennbsp;da fuen'tin m�ni�collocationibusialiibritas. Itac�eti�atcgnbsp;Kirioru . ctianaueter�reuocandamcenfeorationS.Maioresenimie pcnbsp;[blertiii it/ eoribus immolatis,qu� pafccbantur in ijs locis, quibus autnbsp;jWagd�� oppida'autcaftra ftatiua conftituebanturjtnfpiciebantieci� Inbsp;dti loci fax nora;amp;G.crantUuida(�Cuiiiofaprima,aUaimmohbant,dugt; Knbsp;lubritate Htantes�trum morbo,an pabuli uitio.l�faeflent. Cuna plunbsp;ribus expert! erant, amp;probauerancintegram amp; folidam nagt;nbsp;turana lecinoruna ex aqua amp; pabulo, ibiconftituebant muninbsp;�ones. Si autemuidofa inueniebanr, inditio transferebanr,nbsp;idem,in humanis corporibus peftiI2tem fucuram'nafcentenxnbsp;in rjs locis aqux,cibicf copiam;amp;itatransmigrab�r,amp;mugt;nbsp;tabant regiones,qu�rentcs omnibus rebus lalubritatem.nbsp;Hoc autem fieri, uti pabuloiciboc�falubres propriet�res ternbsp;r�uide�turjIicetanimaduertercamp;cognofcereexagrisCrenbsp;tenfium,qui funt circa Pochercum flumen, quod eft Cret�iinnbsp;ter duas ciuitates Gnofon Si Cortynam ; dexcra enim amp; fini#nbsp;ftra eius fluminis, pafcunrur pccora : fed ex ijs ,qii� pafeun#nbsp;tur proxime Gnofon ,fpienem habcnt:quae autem/ex alteranbsp;parte,proxime Cortynam, n� liabent apparentem Ijalenem.nbsp;Vndeeiiam Medici/quacrentesde ea re,inueneriintin rjslo#nbsp;d3ihcrbam,quampccorarodendo,imminuerantlienes;ita Mnbsp;�am hcrbain coll/gcndo,curant licnofoshoemedicamento,nbsp;quod etiani Crctcni�s^svgt;j(ify uocitant. Ex co-licet fcirc,cibonbsp;aiqj aqua, propriet�res locoriim naturalitcrpeflilenres aurnbsp;falMbrcseffe, Iteni^l�in paludibusm�nia confticutacrunr,nbsp;qu�

qu� paludesl�cundum marefucrint,{pc(3:ab�ntc� ad feptcngt; trioncm, aut inter fcptentnonem amp; oricntetn, e�c� paludes/nbsp;excelfiores fuerint littus marinum,ratione uidebuntur efsgt;nbsp;feconftituta� Foinsenimdu(�l:is,f�taqu�cxitusadlittus,'�5nbsp;ex mari tempeftatibus auclo, in paludes rcdundantia motionbsp;nibus concitatur,amariscf mixtionibus^ non patitur beftiagt;nbsp;rum paluftr ium gencraibi nafci,qusccj de fuperioribus locisnbsp;natandoproxime littus pcrueniunt,inconfueta falfitudinenbsp;N necantur. Exemplar autemhuiusreijgallic�paludespofTuntnbsp;O eflc,qu�circumAltinum,Rauennam, Aquileoiam,aliacg'nbsp;qu� in eiufmodi locis municipia funtiproximapaludibus;nbsp;quodhisrationibushabcntincredibilcmfalubritatem.Clui#nbsp;busautem infidentesfuntpaludesjamp;nonhabentexitus progt;nbsp;fluentes,neq; per flumina,nec^ per foffas,uti Pontin�j'ftandonbsp;pucrefcuntjamp;humores grauesamp;peftilentesl'nhislocis emitnbsp;'t P tunt.Iten^in Apulia'oppidum Salapiauetus,quod Diome^nbsp;''nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;des ab Troia rediensconftituit,fiue(quemadmodum nongt;

'� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nulli fcripferunt ) Elphias Rhodius j in eiufmodi locis fuerat

collocatum ,exquo/incol�quotannis �grotando laborant tes,aliquando perucnerunt ad.M.HoftiIium,ab eocgpubli^nbsp;ce petentesiimpetrauerunt uti hisidoneum locum ad m�nianbsp;transferendaiconquireret, eligcretc� � Tuncis moratus no eft,nbsp;fedftatimirationibusdodil��mequ�fitisjfecund�maremernbsp;�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cams eft poireffionemloco falubri,' ab SenatupopulocjRo

manopetrjt,utlicerettransferrcoppidum ; conftituitc� m�gt; nia,amp; areas diu�l�t, nummocj feftertio fingulis municipibusnbsp;mancipiodedit.His confcAislacum apeniit in mare, 6i por^nbsp;Q tumielacumunicipioperfecit. Itac� nuncySalapini/quatuornbsp;milibus paffibus progrelTi ab oppido uctere, habitanrin falunbsp;briloco.

A Eleftio loci falubcrrimi. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;profr�oloci a�ris^ tft fclt;ta

Itnda ratio,qu�d iHd nobis fiparari non po�it, perpetuo^i ueluti ccnna^ tusladhi�reat,timliidt�;iCf llt;�ddt,uct quod cdlidos immodice,uel quod fri^nbsp;gido�, dut Jtccos t duthutttidof nof (ffi(idt,quod tradit Gdlenia Lit. i, denbsp;D

fdnitdtetuen�a, B Incdlisenimuinarrjsetc. EtPliii.Lih.td.� Cdp.ii.fcnbitjlitui ce�ie uindrilt;e, autcertefcneflriMiobuerti in A^uilo�nbsp;ncmoportere,uelufg; tncxorlute�jnino�ialem. Nc(i;absre:Uidetur cel*nbsp;iiu utnariM te��M dixiff� . Scribit enim Plimiu di�oloco, lt;t!ilt;juds gcntesnbsp;tiinis coelum prd:bere : Alibiuero intpo�cis tedii circere. Et Campanienbsp;nobili�mduiniexpo�td fub diuo incddis!uerberdriSole,Luna,imbredcnbsp;uentii^dpti�mtmtuideri.Sed c}quot; Con�dntiniaLibrode Agriculturd.7^nbsp;Cdp. 1. �rtiu^ uinimvfub dio, leuiui uerofttb tedoddfcrudri prlt;ecipit,nbsp;C Granariaque ere. Grdndrid�eddreoportereSeptetrtonem,nbsp;docetl,tb,6.C�p.^.CrnoS!dliqutdibidicemui. D Obfoniaque�dnbsp;poma. rgt;epomii�ruddii�PliniuiLib.ii-Cdp-ilt;i,huncinmodwm pr^nbsp;cipit. Pomdrid-in loco�tgido dc�cco contdbuldri. Septentriondlibm�*nbsp;nc^riifereno die pdtere, duftrosi/�eculdribm drcere^Aqutlonis quoquenbsp;affldtupomddeturpdnte rugii . E Namfemper caloramp;c.nbsp;forte drebus,dutcorporibus, utpdulopo�, omnidcorpordicdlore�untnbsp;imbecilld' F Nam quia SCc. Elementd'e�equdtuor,omnidq}'ho*nbsp;rivm mixtioneconftdre, prictcrdlios, Gdlenm fcribitM.ethodiLib.i.dutnbsp;potiuitotis librii de elementii J tem liippocrdtes:eiui drgumentt libro,nbsp;G Inquibusetc. Sicalidi,frigidi,humidizx�ccitempericsfdnianbsp;tds e�; certe huitu contrdrium neee�e e� morbiiM e�e, itel dudore Galesnbsp;noLib.i.demorborumdif�erenti�- H Plurimumquecxctc.nbsp;Aliqui codices fcribunt, ex d�re^cr terrenis, ego,ex d�renbsp;nbsp;nbsp;terreno, ex

Vitruuio pdulo dntc. Qwofil dutem hic trddttpifcium ndturdi temperdtdt e�ed cdlido, id uideturexEntpedoclis �nfentid didum;qucm.'reprehen'*nbsp;dit Ari�oteles Libro de re�irdtione, quod dicdt^dnimdlid cdltdi�imd,crnbsp;fummdtnJgnii uimhdbentia, dqudtilis e�egeneris,qu()fcdlorisexuperdnnbsp;tidm,qudinfe�entiunt,i(itent,. 1 Caftraftatiuaetc. Cd�rd�untinbsp;aut tempordrid, id ed momentis mutdbilid ; Aut�dtdrid,quibus'ho�entnbsp;dum fe in munito loco continuent, occupdre in�itud^t Aut�c�entorid, quinbsp;luf urgenteo'ldce�entelx�efu�ineds. Dequibus'LeoBdpti�d Ltb� s*nbsp;Cdp.w'Cr.ii.multd- K Infpidcbantctc. Exdnimdliumiecino;nbsp;ribus illi�fts,mdioresitoci fdlubritdtcmrdtlocindbdntur.Sindutemuitioiip'nbsp;�dd dppdruerdnt, uttdiiddm loci inf dubritdtem drguebdnt, uetere in�i*nbsp;tuto,zj-uf^dDeniftriodu(io. L Suntfpicnetica, inalijscodinbsp;CtblM.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. I. 27 ctSt� legitur^Jjilcneni hdbcnt. Nc^; cttimdicitcff'elietiofd, idcHquorumnbsp;Licnes intumefcMt,fcd hdbere dppdrentcs, tierumlion affeilos. Lieno^a ,�nbsp;fos autem fieri fcribit Ari�oteles Lib j. depirtibm animalium ,quotief i'nbsp;piM cxcrementi in liencm diuertit,qMtn excociuere pefiit. Coerceri L le^ jnbsp;neni dqudfin qua icandensfirrum fubinde tindum fit, andor efi Celfiti Li Snbsp;bro 4,Cap.�, argumentoejji,quodanimaduerfum fit,atiimalia/apudnbsp;fibres firrarios cducataexiguosliencshabere.Scd hieaalteriusfuntinfiinbsp;tKd'.M. Quod cn'� Crerenfes �cgtAkvo/j uod ant.Herbatn A/filenbsp;niutn,uulgMiCetrac uocat,efiq; Scolopsndr� Vsrmi, id eft Centipedfiantnbsp;fintdii,ut qui alterum uiderit,utrunlt;^ no fie iudicari po�it, Nanq^qu^ Sco/-'nbsp;lopendria cr�dita ed, earn DiofcoridesiPhylitim appc�at: error q^ ide/mulnbsp;tis rationibui explofitf eft.Rtdicula ejl lAarcclli Virgilij notatio,quiiAjjgt;lenbsp;non did urn ait, quod longitudinelatitudineq; fuaifijciohe O' cmplaftelUnbsp;firmamhaberet.QttanquaminteraJfilentum o^tttpi^fifumihoctantumnbsp;effe difcriminislex medicorum libris animaduerto, quod id demum'em�nbsp;pldflrumiafiilenium uocatur,quod in longitudin� magif quam latitudinentfnbsp;txtenfiimed,qult;elt;.figuraedfigt;lenK. N. Qu� circum�ltinum,Ranbsp;uennam .Altinum cz Rauennamfcribit Strabo Lib. f.in patudibia e�e,nbsp;fed banc/quanuis adore tetra a/ficeretur,a�rc tarnen f�ijfe/non pe/�ilenti,nbsp;qu�diplurimo mariinundaretur, O. Aquilcgi�, AlijAquilei�uocant,nbsp;P Salapia uetu s.SalapiamiPliniui Life. j. Cap. i. oppidum in Apulianbsp;ponit, Annibalis meretricio amoreiinclytuni. E t Plutarchus in uita lAaif�nbsp;celliiSalaptanorum mcminit. Q^Quafuor milibuspaffibuspro�nbsp;greffi. Propajjuumidixitpa�ibuf,

A nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;M ergo bis rationibusicrit falubn'tadsin m�ni�cob

V^locandorum expbcario,regtonescjeleA3e fuerj'ntfruftb bus ad alendam ciuitatem copiof�, �Cuiarum munitioncs,nbsp;autopportunitatesfluminum ,feu per portus marinx fubgt;nbsp;ueAiones habuerint ad m�nia comportationes expeditas,nbsp;tunc'turrium murorumc^ fundamenra ficfunc facienda, utinbsp;fodiantur(fi queant inueniri)ad folidum, amp; in folido ( quan#nbsp;D ij

turn cxamplicudiiic open's pro rationc ui'dcatur)crafljtudi'ne amphore quam parietumqui fupra terram funt futuri, amp; cs.nbsp;impleantur quam folidiffima ftruftura. Item turrcs funtpranbsp;ijdend�tn exteriorem partcm,ut{tum ad murum hoftis imgt;nbsp;petu uelit appropinquate, a turribus'dexcra ac finiftra lateri�nbsp;bus apertis, relis uulneretur � Curandumcj maxime uidetur,nbsp;ut non facilisfit aditusad oppugnandum murum: fed ita cirnbsp;cundandumad loca pr�cipitia,amp; excogitandum, uti portagt; Bnbsp;rumitinera/non fint direda, i�dnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;, Namcj^tum ita faftum

fuerit,tunc dextrumlatus/accedentibus,quodfcuto non erit tedum, proximum erit muro. Collocanda autemoppida Cnbsp;funqnon quadrata,nec procurrentibus angulis, i�d circuitionbsp;nibuSjUti hoftisexpluribus locis c�fpidatur. In quibiis enira*nbsp;anguli procurruntjdifficiliter defenditur,quod angulus/magt;nbsp;gis hoftem tuetur quam ciuem.

tale� olcaginc� uftulat�quam creberrime inftruantur,un inter utrxc^ m�ri frontes inter fe ( quemadmodum fibulis ) his tagt; firuanturnbsp;leis colligat�j�ternam habeant firmitatem � Natnc� ei matenbsp;rif, nec tcpcftas,nec caries,nec uetuftaspoteft nocere,*fed ea(S4nbsp;in terra obruta,amp; in aqua collocata, permanctfine uitrjsutigt;nbsp;lis fempiterno.kacj/non fo lum in muro,lt;�d etiam in fubftr u�nbsp;�:ionibus,qui(^parictes/murali craff�tudine cruntfaciendi,nbsp;bacratione religati, non cito uiciabuntur, Interualla autemnbsp;turrium.ita funt facienda : ut ne longius fit alia ab alia, i�git^nbsp;t� emiffione,utif� qua oppugnetur, tuma turribus quf eruntnbsp;dextra acfiniftra,fcorpionibus,rcliquiscjtelorum miffioni�nbsp;busjhoftes reijciantur.Etiamcftontrajinterior turrium diuijgt;nbsp;denduseft murus,interuallis tam magnis, qua'm cr�t turres, t

E ut itinera fint interioribus partibus turriumfcontignata, neeg ca ferro fixa. Hoftis enfin'fi quam partem m�ri occupauerir,nbsp;qui repugnabunt, rcfcindent;amp; fi celeritcr adminiftrauerinr,nbsp;nonpatientur reliquas partes turrium muricj/hoftempene^nbsp;trare,nifi fe uolueritpr�cipitare.

A Sal�britatisinm�nium collocandorum�ScrJ�eMd�w,e?� mcenium,muuta pr�poptionein coniun�lionem,lt;tHt potiut Mcdre exifli^nbsp;tnitndumefi utrdnq},quodf(^d!i^uicodicesagnofcutit^B Itinera nonnbsp;fint direfta, fed vkcu.�.. tiliquicodices,proGriecddi�ione einf�nbsp;dem �gni�cdtionis^h�bent ldtinamfc(eud,hoc cji ob�qutt,�ni�rd,nbsp;unde cognomen ScteuoLe Mutio inditum, cf porta TroiandMOCdtd fc�dtnbsp;quodin/tni�rd urbis pdrtecl�ef.quMquamnonnuUi^adartificcm re�anbsp;runt,dIifqucgt;dTroianisp�rumfitertt�rtuntit(tt C Collocandaau�nbsp;tem oppidafunt nonquadrata. Muros nondire�os, fed�nuo�snbsp;dn�d{libusficij[edntiquos,fcribitV�getiuihbro4.^ D Tumincrafnbsp;firudine etc. Per muricrd�itudinemgrdciliorestrdbes, quantum fdtisnbsp;trit exugendo humor i^lt;e �itd enimficcefeendopermdnent dd diuturnita

tetnyinterfe fi reHincidUturpeiHndtimferr�timue, dut cdncetldttt� i edtrt coUigdtioncm connexionetnq},�btildtdm qutddni putarunt efjc- Nos ueronbsp;interprctdmur,qudfin firu�urdtuocdnt cldues ZT filgt;uldt, trdie�d uelutinbsp;trdn�i�dpertrdbiumcdpitdtuoflril�rreisfublcudibiMdrMt�dtdtrdbiutnnbsp;capitatrdijciuut,ifdq}retinent- E Et itinera fint interioribus parnbsp;tibus.Nieliiw alij codiceffUtitincra,

T urres itac^ rotund�^aur polygoni�'funt fadend�: quadras tasenim jnachin� cclerius dilTipant ,quodangulos/anctesnbsp;F tundcndofranguntJn rotundadom'bus autcm ( uti cuneos)nbsp;ad centrum adigendo,l�derc non poffunu Itemmunitioncsrnbsp;muri turr iumc^ aggeribus coniunftc, maxime tutiores funr,nbsp;quod ncc^ aricces /neep fuffofliones/nequcmachin�c�ter�/nbsp;eis ualentnocere. Sed non in omnibus locisfefta?geris rationbsp;facienda,nifi quibusfextramurum,cx alto loco / plano pede'nbsp;accel�usfuerit ad mceniaoppugnanda.Itaqj�neiufmodilocis'nbsp;primumfol��(untfaciend�,latitudinibusfamp; altitudinibusnbsp;quam ampliff�mis; deinde,'fundamentum muri deprimend�nbsp;eft intra alucum foflar,6iidcxtruendumeft�acraffitudinc,utnbsp;opus terrenum facile fuftincatur�

32 M� VITRVVII POLL* abextcrioreintrorfuslamplo fpatio, coftituendum eftjitaurfnbsp;cohortes pofl�nt,quemadmodum in aci'e,inftruftc, ad defendnbsp;dcndumj fupra latitudinem aggerislconfiftere. Cum autcmnbsp;fundamenca ita diftantiaiinter fe fuerint conftituta, tunc/internbsp;ea alia tranfuerfa/coniunda cxteriori amp; inreriori fundamentnbsp;tOjpedinatim diipoGta,quemadrnodum ferr� dentes foluen Gnbsp;tesfeicollocentur� Cum enim fie eritfadum,tunc^ta onerisnbsp;terreni magnitudoidiftributain paruaspartes, neej uniuerfa Hnbsp;pond�r� pr�mens, poterit ulla rationetxtruderc muri fubgt;nbsp;ftrudiones. De ipfo autem murote qua materia ftruatur autnbsp;perficiatur,ideolnoneft pr3efiniendum,quod in omnibus lo/nbsp;cis,quasoptamuscopias,eas(nonpoflumushabere, Sedubi inbsp;funtfaxaquadrata,fiuefilex,fiuecementum,autcod:us later, Knbsp;fiuecruduSjhiseritutendum.Nonenim utiBabyloneabungt;nbsp;dantes liquido bitumine,pro cake amp; arena amp;codolaterefagt; lnbsp;dum habentmurum,fic itempofliint omnes rcgiones,feu lonbsp;corum proprietateSjhabere tantas eiufdem generis utilitates,nbsp;uti ex his comparationibus, ad �ternitatem/perfedushabeanbsp;tur fine uitio murus�

F In rotunda ti onibus autcm. Cunt rotunJ� tUfrd/ueluti mul� torum cuneorum compitilione confient, alteri^iialterorum coHaterariu

gt;: ope�onfirmentitr,nonpotercitulluslfede occupatalprotrudi. it�c^^omniu ' wdebMurefiefirmifiimte� G Pedinatimdifpofira,quemad*nbsp;modum ferr�. Non dbfimile efiftiuod LibtsXdp, ultimo ait, de f�n�nbsp;damentis lolt;iuens,?rteterealintrorf u contra terrenum, utidentes coniunnbsp;(lilmuro ferratimfiruantur. Sed hociadditamplius,(iuod in extremis an�nbsp;gulis,cit recefiitm fiterit ab interioreangulcifiiacio altitudinis/ubfiru�lio�nbsp;tiis,in utram^ partem pgnetur,Gr ab his fignisidiagoniosfiruilura co�anbsp;cetur,Gr ab ea m�dia,altcraiconiunaa cum angulo muri,Libet Gr hoc lonbsp;coiadmonere, quod Ouidius Lib.^.Metamorph. dicitfiigitos inter fepe�nbsp;Hine iunHos,tdPliniumldeeadcm re loquentem Lib-ts, Cap.g.dicere di�nbsp;gilos pcHinatim inter feft amplexos, Sed cr Apuleius Lit. j. de Afino,dinbsp;cii^palmulasin alternas digitorum uici�itudittesconnexas,eundemgefttimtnbsp;exprim�s^ h. Necjuniuerfapondcrepreracns,poterit.Scritcnanbsp;dmnpri�

DE �RCHITEC. LIB. L 55 ium fgt;riMtiue,non poterit. 1 Vbifaxafuntquadrata.Hocnowjnbsp;ttclnon turn (tgnificdntur fax�piiribiKldtcribuic^f�jqt�m plants fupcr*nbsp;ficicbus, �qualibus dnguOs, K Siuec�mentum. L�tpwr�i/K,no�nbsp;c�ftis, uulgarisiunde c^mentitid ftru�iurd,O�clt;enjenti!ij parictes Lib.�^nbsp;cdp.7.z^to, L ProcaIce)amp;arenaiamp;;codolatcre.Scr(to,proc4nbsp;ceO�lt;�re�d,eoerco(3o/dferc. TrdditenimLib.s. Cdp.i.bitumincjiy'nbsp;ldttrctefldceo,(lru�loniuro, Sanirdmincinxi/J�BdbyloneDtt

DE DIVISIONE OPERVM, QJVAB INTRA murosftmt,z:yeorumdiJjio�tionc,utttentorumnoxijfiA^nbsp;tttsiuitcntur. CAPVT. vi.

MOenibus circundaris, (�quuntun'ntra murum ftrcariS diuifiones,platearumq:jamp; angiportu�, ad cceli regionbsp;nem;dircdiones � Dirigccur h�c auccm rcdc,fi exclufi eruncnbsp;ex angiportisiicnti prudentcr, qui|fi frigidi funr,l�dunt;fi anbsp;lidijuinant,*fihumidijnocent, Qiiarcluitandiim uidetur hocnbsp;uitium,amp;aduertendum ne fiat;quod in multisciuicatibusnbsp;ufu foleceuenire, qucmadmodum ininfula Lesboioppidunxnbsp;Mytileneimagnificenter cft �dificatum amp; eleganter, fedpofigt;nbsp;tum non prudenter.In qua ciuitate'Aufter cum flat,hominesnbsp;aegrotanqcum Corus, tuffiunt;cum Scptentrio,reftituunturnbsp;in falubritatem: fed in angipom's �i plateis/non pofTunt con#nbsp;fiftcrcjproptcruehcmcntiam frigo ris. Ventusaut5/cft a�'ri�

fluensunda ,cum incerta motus rcdundantia. Nafciturtum^ feruor ofFendithumorem, �i impetus feruorisJexprimit uimnbsp;fpiritusflantis. ld autemiierum efle,ex �olipylis�rcislicccnbsp;a(piccre,amp; de latentibus cceli rationibusjardficiofis lerum innbsp;uentionibus,diuinitads exprimere ueritatem. Fiunt enimnbsp;�olipyl��rc�jcau�ih�'habenrpunftumanguftinimum,nbsp;quo aqupnfunduntur5collocannjrcjadignem;amp; antequamnbsp;calelcant, non habentullum fpiritum; fimul ac autem feruc�nbsp;reccperinf,efi�ciunt ad igneni uehemcntum flacum.

Itajfdre amp; iudicarc licet, c paruulo breuiffimoc^ fpedacu^ lo^demagnisSi immanibus cocli uentorumc� naturae rationnbsp;nibus.Vcnti enimiG excluf� fuerint, non folum efficient cor�nbsp;poribusualcntibus'locum falubrem, fcd^tiaml�qtii morbinbsp;ex alijs uitiis forte nafcentur, qui in caetcris falubribus locis,nbsp;habcntcurationcsmedicin�contrari�,in bis|3roptcrrempe*'nbsp;raturam excIuGonis uentorum,expeditius curab�tur, itia

? I �f autcm flint,nbsp;quf (difficultnbsp;ter curScur,nbsp;in rcgioninbsp;bus,quxf2tnbsp;fupra fcri itnbsp;ptf,liec,gragt;nbsp;uitudo , argt;nbsp;thriosjtuflis,nbsp;pleuritis ,nbsp;phthifis, fannbsp;guinis eienbsp;ftiOjSi cxte^nbsp;raiqu� nonnbsp;detraiftioni�nbsp;buSjiedadicnbsp;clionibuscunbsp;rantur. H�ci��nbsp;idco difficulnbsp;tcrmcdican^nbsp;tur, priiniim/r^^nbsp;quod ex fri�nbsp;goribus con C. C.M�nbsp;cipiunturide O�nbsp;indei quodnbsp;defeftis mornbsp;bo uiribus

.�ovum , aer agifatus, exnbsp;ucntor� agi'/nbsp;tationibusinbsp;cxfcnuarur ,nbsp;iinaqjauitio^nbsp;fis.corporisnbsp;'busidctraln'tnbsp;luccum, d

�dtca/exiliora.Contrauero lenis amp; craflusacr,quipcTflatus n� habet,nccfcrcbras rcdundantias,propter immot� (iabilinbsp;tat2:adijciendo ad membra eoriim,alitcos(�i reficit,qui in hisnbsp;Kutncrui funtimpliciti morbis. Nonnullisplacuiclcfleuentosquatu^;nbsp;Itcntorum or,aboriente�quino�:ialiiSoIanum,a meridie/Auftrum,nbsp;ab occidentc .-iequinodiali/Fauonin,a feptentrionali/Septeminbsp;trioncm.Sed qui diligentiusperquifiuerunt, tradiderunt cosnbsp;cfle o�:o,niaxinbsp;me quids lAn^nbsp;dronicusCyr:? �nbsp;rheftes,qui eti�nbsp;exemplum colnbsp;locauit Athegt;nbsp;niSjturrimmarnbsp;more�oAogonbsp;non,amp;infingunbsp;lislateribus/o^nbsp;ftogonijfingunbsp;lorum ucnto^nbsp;rum imaginesnbsp;cxiculptas/connbsp;trafuoscuiufc�nbsp;flatusfdefignanbsp;uit, fupracf c3nbsp;turrim metamnbsp;marmores pernbsp;fecit, amp;:infuperlt;nbsp;Tritonem jre^nbsp;urn colloca#nbsp;uit,dexrramanbsp;nu/uirgS porrinbsp;genrS, amp; ita ciinbsp;machinatus,nbsp;uti ucnto cirlt;! Dnbsp;cumagerctur,nbsp;amp;fempercongt;nbsp;tra�a^ '

� tur rcgiones|amp;ortuseorum,flccritratiocinandum.Collocc tur ad libellam piarmorcum amufium/medijs moenibustautnbsp;locus ita expoliatur/ad rcgulam 6c libellam , utamufium nonbsp;P defidcrctur;fupracp eius loci centru mediumjcollocetur sentnbsp;G us gnomon,indagator umbr�jqui gr�cc dicitur;hunbsp;lus anrcmeridiana^ircitcr horam quintam,fumenda cd;exnbsp;trema gnornoni s umbra,amp; punfto fignanda^ deinde'circinonbsp;didufto ad pun��m/quodeft gnomonis umbrae longitudinnbsp;nis fignum,cx eocgfti centroMrcumagendalinca rotundationnbsp;nis. Itemc^fobieruanda/pofimeridiana iftius gnomonis cre^nbsp;feens urnbra �Ccum tetigerit circinationis lineam , amp; feceritnbsp;parem antemeridian� umbr�/poftmeridianam , f�gnandanbsp;H pun�o. Exhisduobusf�gnisicircinodecuiratimdefcribcnnnbsp;dum, 6c per deeuffationem amp; medium centrum/linea perdunnbsp;cenda ad extremum, ut habcatur meridiana amp; feptentriona^nbsp;Iis regio.Tune poftea/i�imenda eft i�xtadecimapars circina^nbsp;tionis line� totius rotundadonis, cenrrumq;collocandum innbsp;J mcridianaIinca,qua/tangitcirdnation�,�iftgnandum dextranbsp;acflniftra/in circinatione,�i racridiana, et fcptctrionali parte,,nbsp;E - iij, (

� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;tndagdtor

� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ߑ Septen

t�nc cx f�gnis hfs quatuor, per centrum medium, dccufratim; Ine� ab extremis ad excremas circinadoncs/pcrducend�.nbsp;Ita au ft ri amp;feptenrrionisihabcbitur oftauf partis dcfignatio.nbsp;Reliqu� partcs,dcxtraitres,amp; �niftrai'tres his �quales, diftri^nbsp;buend� funtin tota rotundatione,ut �qualcs diuifiones oclonbsp;uentorum defignat� fint in defcriptione;tmn per angulos/in�nbsp;ter duasuentorum regiones,amp;platcarum ,amp;angiporforS,nbsp;uidenturdeberedirigi deferiptiones. Hisenimrationibus,amp;nbsp;ea diuifionc,exclufa crir/cxhabiiattonibus Sgt;i uicis,uentorumnbsp;uismolefta.Cumenim platc�/contradiredtosuenroscruntnbsp;c�formatf ,exapeno coeli fpacioimpctusacflatusfrcquens*nbsp;eonclufus in faucibus angiporrorumjuehementioribus uirigt;nbsp;bus peruagabitur. Quas ob resconuertend � funt ab regionnbsp;nibus uentorum, direftiones uicorum, uti aduenientes ad annbsp;gulosinfularum/franganturjrepulficf^diff�pentur. Fortafnbsp;femirabuntur tj,qui multa uentorn nomina nouerunr,quodnbsp;a nobis expofitum fititantummodo odo cncuentos. Si aut5nbsp;animaduerterint,oibisterr3e circuitionemiperibliscurium *nbsp;�Cgnomonis 3equinedialisumbras,�x inclinationc ca:li,abnbsp;Eratofthene Cyreneo,rationibusmathematicis�c geometricnbsp;dsmethodis, effe innen tam fducentor� quinquaginta duumnbsp;milium ftadiorum,que fiunf paffus/fcmel �i triciefmillies mil ^**�^*�nbsp;leamp; quingentics miHejhuiusautem odaua pars, quam ucn� 'nbsp;tustcncre uid�tur,eft ter niilliesmille,amp; noningentics trigefiesnbsp;fepties mille , SipafFus quingenti : nondebebunt mir�ri,f�innbsp;tam magno fpado)unHsuentusuagando,inclinationibusamp;nbsp;rcceffionibusluarietatesrautationeflatusfaciat. itaegdextranbsp;amp; finiftra circa Auftrum, Leuconotus/amp; Altanusflarefolctinbsp;Circa Aphr!�um,Libonotusjamp; Subuefperust Circa Fauoninbsp;Ufn,Argeftf s, �i certisiemporibusFthel��; ad latera Cauri,nbsp;Circius� Corus; Circa Septrionem ,Thrafciasamp;Gal�icHs:nbsp;Dextra ac finiftra circa Aquilor.cin,Supcrnas amp; Boreas; Cirnbsp;lt;a Solan�,Carbas,5cccrto tempore Ornithi�:�uriucro,)mc!gt;nbsp;dtaspartes tencnt;inextrcmis,C;�ciasSi Volturnus. Santnbsp;autem amp;alia pluranomina(fiatufc}3ucnrorum,a locis,aurflunbsp;minibus,autmontiutn proccUislcrada.Pr�terca�aurae matuznbsp;tinae-

40 M- VITRVVII POLL. tin�,quas fol cumcmergic defubterranea paree,uerfando)nbsp;pulfat a�ris humorem,amp; impetu Icandcndo trudcns,cxprigt;nbsp;mitaurarum antekicano fpiritu flatus,quitum exortofolcnbsp;E({rutun= pcrmanferint,Euriuenti tenent partes. Etearexq� exaurisnbsp;i(di�lut. P*�ocreatur,a Gr�ds tSj^�-uidetur efle appellatus. Craftinusnbsp;quoegdies,propter aurasmatutinas,Kvj/jv ferturefleuocita#nbsp;Confr4 SuntautemnonnulIi,qutnegant,Erato(lhenem,uerain Onbsp;Eratol�henbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;orbis terroepotuifle colligerc, qu� flue eftcerta,

ffffff nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;non uera non poteft noftra fcripturafnon ueras habere

Ergo fi ita eft,tantum erft, uri non certam menfur� jationetn, fed auc majores impetus,aut minores, habeant finguliuent�nbsp;Quoniamhaeca nobisfuntbreuicer expofita,utfaciliusnbsp;intclijgantur, uifum eft mfhiin extremo uplumincformasjfi pnbsp;ue uti Gr�ci f^succTK dicunt,duo explicare;unumita d�formanbsp;tum,ut appar eat,linde certi uentorum fpiritus orixntur : alte^nbsp;rumquemadmodum ab impetu eorum, aducrj3s diredioninbsp;bus ujcorum �C platearum,eujtenturnocentesflatus.Erit aunbsp;tem in ex�quataplanidccentrum, ubi eftlitera A ,gnomogt;nbsp;nis autem antemeridiana umbra , ubi eft B, amp; ab centro ubinbsp;eft A, didu Ao dreino ad id fignum umbr�, ubi eft B, circuinnbsp;agatur Iinearotundationis;repofito autem gnomone ubi annbsp;tea fuerat,expeAanda eftdumdecrcfcat facian� iter� crefeennbsp;do/parcm antemeridian� umbr� poftmeridianam, tangatt�nbsp;lineamrotundationis jubi erit literaC, Tunedfigno ubieftnbsp;B, amp; abfigno ubi eft G, cirdno deeuflatim deferibatur, ubinbsp;cric Djdeindepcr decuftationcm'ubi eft D,amp; centrum, perdunbsp;catur lincaad extremum,in quacruntliter� E, �iF, H�c ligt;nbsp;nea/erit index meridian�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;feptcntrionalis regionis. T une

circinoitotius rotundationis fumenda� eft pars fextadeeima, circini�^ centrum ponendum in meridianalinea, quse/tangicnbsp;rotundationem;ubieftlitera E ,5i f�gnandumdextra ac finigt;nbsp;ftra,ubi crunt liter� G H. Item in fcptentrionali partecencr�nbsp;circini po nend� in rotundationis fcptentrionali �inea, ubi eft Qnbsp;litera F,amp; fignandum dextra ac finiftfa,ubi funt liter� I amp; K,nbsp;6c ab G ad K, 5i ab H ad I, per cenirumdinejc perducen#nbsp;d�4u

DE ARCHITEC. LIB* I. 41 dsjta quod erit fpacium ab G ad H, eritfpacium ucntinbsp;ftri, amp; partis Mcridian�. Ium quod erit f'pacium ab I ad K,nbsp;R erit Septentrionis.Rcliqux partes,dextra/trcs, ac finiftratresnbsp;diuidend� funt �qualiter, quae funt ad Orientcm in quibusnbsp;literae L amp; M ; amp; ab Occidcnfc, in quibus funt liter� N amp; O;nbsp;ab M ad O,amp; ab Lad N,perduccnd� funt lineae decuffatim,nbsp;Sii ita/erunt xqualiter uentorum oAo ipacia'incircuitionem.nbsp;Qu�/cum ita defcripta erunt in fingulis angulis oftogoni,nbsp;cum a Meridie incipicmus,inter Eurum �i Auftrum in angugt;nbsp;Io,erit litera G,inter Aufirum amp; Aphricum/H, inter Aphri#nbsp;cum amp; Fauonium Njinter Fauonium amp;Caur�(O, inter Caunbsp;rum amp; SeptentrionemiK, inter Septcntrionem amp;C. AquilonS'nbsp;I,intcr Aquilonemamp;SolanumL jinter Solanum amp;Eurumnbsp;M.Itahis confecSis, inter angulos oftogonignomon pona^ gt;-5 tur,8iicaidiriganturplatef �Cangiportorumdiuifiones'di^nbsp;decim�

A Id autcm uerum efleetc. AeolipylieCitdenimAeo�pyl� ijud� au0điiTrv�aiJde^lAeol(porfie,qudfigurdqud�emdteridfiitnt, nnde,nbsp;non in magno difcrimine pofucro,dum cault;e fint, cxigtutmq- habeant �ranbsp;tnenjpcr (juodinfitfii aqua'dum ad igncm coilocattc firucre cooper int,tan�nbsp;tiffier fiat urn officiant, quoad'quicquid intus habcnt humor is, fiifiruorenbsp;txhiufium,(2rinfiimumrefolutum,Qrefflat(mt. B Saguiniseieftio.nbsp;A�i/J.o7fl'vcr��,idcfifangutnisfXpuitio,Pa!laduisL{b.3-C(!p.ji,rei��ionbsp;ttemfanguinisuocat. c Maxime quidcmAndronic.Vrfrro Lt*nbsp;iro}.dercRnfiica,Cap.f.ncmincCypreftishocrefirt, D Vtiucntonbsp;circumageretur,etc-iH fummis templorum pyramiJibus(Iicet O' tneanbsp;tas appellare ) in nobiltum ittmio priuatarwm atdium ffieculis, coUocdanbsp;tnus braHeas.fiue petdld,� uertendo gy rciiUos iiocantos, pro arbitrio st wnbsp;narijs uentorum indicibas utitKUrffid ^Uisucnto lt;tuerfa,!pfum tamcn^uisnbsp;fit,indicent. E Colloceruradlibellam. Dc/orw^f^MWAcKitwnbsp;ad regulam cr libellam, fumtnum libr amentum fitleuigatum o d�poli�nbsp;tum,exaili5tfilibe^dnormaangulis. F Collocctur AcneusGno�/nbsp;taon.G/tomonfignificattencuntfiylumJlueteerucul�, ^uodfians^nnbsp;f

dtodmuJ�oco�oc�tur,dclumirdi inddgdndiU^Vnde O'd Gr�cisdicitur ,quvd Sk^x ittddgincm�gnificet, Eft o ip[d totd machinasnbsp;ld,ijtlt;dutimurdn dc/ignandis, o tnctandif itrbium uijs, ad duertcndamnbsp;aicKiuim uentorummoleftam,utinfinehuias capitis, Apud Sex.Pomp,nbsp;reperio'gnomamdici� noftris, Huiufmodi( mfa�or)defcribiturmachisnbsp;tiddPlinio Lib. i3. Cdp.}4.,Alij/alitcrcomponunt.ApudPlutdrchu�)nnbsp;ini�tdMdrce}li,a�Kt�^K^xftintqu^ddmdthcmaticdinftrumenta.G,Hiinbsp;iusantemendiananicirciterhoramquintam- Non admodumnbsp;ref�rtjd'fiftatalta antancridiand hora, dum fiat propius meridiem ( cjutnbsp;femperefiidcmfinquitPliniusLib.i3.Cap.}4-)Vtriinci- uero/non niftc5nbsp;mod'Uatisgratiadi�urnuelim,quodante horamquintam, prclixior fitnbsp;umbra,qu�mutcirculocontinerifatiscommodepo�it. H Decuffa�nbsp;timde{'cribendum.Decujfitre,e^in decuft�mftrmare, idefl inffie�nbsp;ciem,)(,.gr�C{eliterie,/tueeiusnotteiiiua nosdenariumnumerum/tgna�nbsp;mus,utcumdiigoni�ltne�du�,fetncentrofecant, 1 Qu�ftang-itcirnbsp;cin3tsonem.Scribendumqud,dduerbium; K Erplafearumamp;ananbsp;giporron]metc.Pldte�,fi(ntui�latiores:Angiporti,ar�lioresiO'dttnbsp;guftiores, Vias autem (iu� exitum non habent, o perti� non funt,fiindu=inbsp;' las did reperioiapud Varronem de lingua Latina Lib. 4. Dicuntur o annbsp;giportusTerentioo'ilordtio,f�credimufAcroni. L Adangulosin�nbsp;fuJarum. lnful�,dicuntur domus ab alijsfeiund�, id e�audore Sextanbsp;Potnp.qu�inoniunguntur communibus parietibuscum uicinis,fed circuitnbsp;tu publico aut priuatdeinguntur, in urbibus metandis.infulas accipimus,nbsp;quiequid quatuor plateis, aut angiportis, aut alter is cum alter is mixtis,nbsp;cindum c�. M. Qiiimulraucntorum nomina nouerunt. Innbsp;uentorum pdrtitione,nonfatis inter Audorcs conuenitthebetiusdlijSjdlijsnbsp;rationenimis fubtili o conctld,utentibus, Veteres,quatuoromnino ftr�nbsp;ttauerc per totidem mundi partes. Solanum, Auftrum, Fauonium, o Se*nbsp;ptentrioncm.Arfiicdo effs dicunt. Solanum,Eurum, A uftrum, Afiucum^nbsp;Fauonium,Corum,Septentrionem,Aquilonem, SuntOtdudore Plinio,nbsp;Lib.i. Cap. 47. quibus uifum edefte duodccim,Sublblaniim,Vulturnum,nbsp;Aulirum,Afi'icum,Fauoniu'm,Cortm,Septentrionem,Aqutlonem,'Fhra-fciam,Coectam,Phanicid.m, o Libanotum. Alifiaddiderunt ftleften O�nbsp;�urenotum,ut eftent quatuordeefin, Nf c to finisiVitruuiusluiginti qua9.

iuorref�rt,Soli(num,OruithM, Cteciam, Eurum,Vultwitnm,Ltucono� tum, A u�fum, Altdnutn^Ltbitnotttin, Africum, Suitie/lgt;ero}t,Arge�en^nbsp;fauonium, E/ he�dt, Ctrcium, Cduruin, C0rugt;�, Thrafcidm, Septintrion�fnbsp;Cii�icum,SupcrMlcm, Aquilonem. Loreatn z!quot; Carbdm^ uide fi hbet^ Ari�nbsp;ftotdem Libro^z.iActcorum ^z^Lib, de mundo,nbsp;ttecdm hib.f. Queft. n�turaliu,quonidm inter Audoresino pit�iinuentonbsp;rumdppelldtionibusdut fldtibiuiconuenit � N Inucnram ducento�nbsp;jrum etc. Hoc fie Pliniui Lib.i.Cdp.ws.detnenfurd terra laquent, Vni lt;-uerfum dutem hune cireuitum, Prdte�henestin omnium quidem liter druntnbsp;fubtilitdte,zrin hdc titicj-.prater cat er os folers,quemicunittisprobdri ui�nbsp;deo,ducentorumquinqudgintaduorum miUiumfladiumprodidit, Quanbsp;menfurd,Romdnd computdtione efficit trecenties quindecies centend mil�nbsp;hapd/f, M.dgnduer� e�inter Audoresinterradmbitu controuerfid,nbsp;quibufddm/fingulise�ligrddibus, terra figt;dcium quodddmftdtuentibuf,nbsp;dijsimdiiis mtn�sue refigt;ondere exifiiitietntibits. Ptosquid cuiq; uifum efl,nbsp;txponemut ,fed itd, ut quod i�iftddijs dixerint, miUidribus interprate�nbsp;ntur. Erdtoflhentrmillidridfidtuitifuprd trigintd cr unum mt�id, ducen�nbsp;td zr quinqudgintdjtquidem reil� qu� eum inie�igdt�mtin Vitruuiui,Plinbsp;niui, Mdrttdnus,^iAdcrobius,fupputdnttrigintdmt�idzr quingentd)nbsp;mppdrchufuult ejjcmilltdrium trigtntdquinq^milUum,fixeentorttm:zrnbsp;uigintiquinqi-Pe^idoniusdUtemitrtgintd tdntum rnUbum. Ptolemaus/ui�nbsp;gittti duorum miUium zr quingentorum. Alphragdnusizr Tebitiunuigbinbsp;ti mi�ium zr quddringentorum � Cater aqua dd terra mdgnitudinem dt�nbsp;tinent,petipolfuntdb Arifidrcho SdmioLiKdemagnitudineSclisizrternbsp;ra. O Sunt autemnonnulU etc. Ad Erdto�hentsmenfwrdm.Hipnbsp;pdrehus ddijcitftddiorum pdulominut. t.s. mtllid, dudore Piinio, didonbsp;C(tp-io8. P Vifumeftmihiinextremo?Cc.Scri�gt;cnd�tK^rmlt;tf,nbsp;Mmzrdua liint,Zrpoflcdfequitur,fiueMi Graci'^�fj.ara dreunt^nbsp;Annotdui dliquot dlijs locis,dd �nem hbroruwfuds cuicp(id enimfigni�gt;: N � T A!*nbsp;c4rcfxfrfrM�(r��o/�wfw�ndjf4t,Lrt. s. Cdp �.) promitti/}gurds,quanbsp;omnesperierunt,mdgnd iddura ledorum,'Locd hacfunt.Lib.j.Cdp.�^nbsp;deddiedicnein medifi columnis. rtcfcdmillis in�yhbdta, zr uolutd cd�nbsp;pituliloniciCdp,t.eiuslibri. DefcdrmonwudforiminThedtroLit.y*nbsp;Cdp,fDechorobdteLilgt;.s,Cdp,�^D(duplicdtioncquddrdHCdp.i,zf�

fcdldr� co�ocationeCdp^i.Lii.^.Decochlcui hduflorio crgdno tih. io. Cdp. XI. Poterdt uer� Pltnij Ciccilij dufforitdt fcrupHlum tnijccrc, ^uidenbsp;auunculi hbrisfcribens, inijuit, Qui tres libri, funt in fex uolumina pro�nbsp;ptcr amplitudinem diuifi, Ccu �t liber, pdrs operii, uolumen dutemiibronbsp;minutypro commoditdte defcripfum:poterdt,inqudm, dif�cidtdtemadfirnbsp;re, nifiipfe Vitruuiui Lib.}. perpetuo, librum extremum uocdret, quoinbsp;bicicxlremum uolumen. No� iuerim tdmen in�citK, uolumineiidi�d e�enbsp;ab inuolutione, qua etidm d pugnolpugilldre^y Grted,quod manu gefidrennbsp;tltfi^yX^ߒ^io^tiocduerunt. Q. Inrotundarionis,amp;feptentrio*nbsp;mlilinca .^/icliusindlijscodicibus/udcdt particuldet. R Rcliqua:nbsp;partes dcxera. tres diuidendx.Defunthtetresdi�ionefydc�niflrcI'nbsp;tres, Nam fubiungit,^uie funt ad Orientem,in quibus-l. er m. er ab Occi�nbsp;dente,inquibus/'untliter�.n.ero^ S Etitadirigantur plate�,6�nbsp;angiportorum diuifioneslduodcdm-Si inter angulos odogoni,nbsp;pldtearum,er angiportorum diftributionesfunt dirigenda, neee�e e�'nonbsp;plures e�e o�o.lngenui(inquit iUe) eR pudoris, �teri per ^uos pro�ce�nbsp;ris ,HuncmcherculelocumiCum ante annos aliquot emenda�em, error isnbsp;occd�onemnonfatisuiderdmi earn f�liciter attigit.Cy Ptolomausnoflernbsp;( libenter enbnfeim mentionem �cio, quodauiroimultis nomintbus ctaronbsp;pro�{ld,non po�tnt non fummoperetab omnibus commendari)qui docuenbsp;ritferiptum �i�e. IIX. pro cilo, qua� demptis duobtuex decem,ficut,nbsp;IX. td efl nouem fcribimus,dblato fdlicet unoiexdecem, Jndicem marmonbsp;reum oflendebdttin redone transtyberind, baud procul 4 Pente 3, �dr�t/nbsp;pdrietiddpd�um,hdcinfcriptione.

tiusfenteniidmieo libentius fequor, quod inant�iuo alio marmore, ^�o4 in Cdpitolind Confnrudtorum porticu, eolumna pro �ylobata ftibe�, earnnbsp;. feriptionem repperi.Qtt^diniuifume�addere,qult;)plusiamici�imihomiquot;

IMP. CAES ARI VESPASJANO AVG^nbsp;PONT. MAX. TR. POT. III.nbsp;IMP. IIX- PP. COS. 111. DES� nil,nbsp;S C.

Quin c^inperuetuftoVdrronh codicclibJereRufij.cdp.is ,fcribis lt;�r, X L11X, pro (juddraginta. odo, /icutpdulo dnte^ X X C1X, pronbsp;o�ogintd nouem^demptifbis decein,exX,centendrij nota,

DIuiGs angiportis,8i plateis conftituus,arearum elcAiOi ad opportuniratcm et ui�in c�munem duitatis,eft cx^nbsp;plicanda,�dibusi�cris,foro,reliquist�locisc�muntbus.Etnbsp;fi erunt m�nia'fecundum mare,arca/ubi forum conftftuatur,nbsp;cligenda proxime porturazf�n autem meditcrranca, in oppigt;nbsp;do medio. Acdibus ucro facris, quorum Deorum maximenbsp;�n tutcla/ciuitas uidctur effe,Si Ioui,amp; Iunoni,6lt; Mineruf, innbsp;cxcelf�iRrno loco, undc m�nium maxima pars confpicia�nbsp;tur,aref diftribuanmr.Mercurio autem in foro,aut etfam/ut�nbsp;If�di amp; Serapi,inemporio.Apollini/patri($Libero,fecundi3nbsp;theatrum. Herculijin quibusciuitatibusnonfuntgymnafiainbsp;ne(� amphithcatra,ad circ�.Martf,cxtra urbem, fed adcamgt;nbsp;pum . Itemcp Vcncri ad portam. Id autem fetiam Hccrufcisnbsp;A arufpicibusjdifciplinarumicriptisdtacftdedicatum . Extranbsp;murum , V eneris, V ukani, Marris fana'idco coHocarijUtinbsp;non infucfcat inurbcfadolekentibusfeumatribusfamih'arS/nbsp;uencrealibido. Vulcanic^ ufe mccnibus, religionibus 5i fagt;nbsp;cri�cijs euocata,ab timcrc incendiorum,'3edjficia uidcantu�nbsp;F iij

liberan'.Marcis uero di'uinitas,cum fit extra moenia dedi'cata, non erit inter ciues/armigera diffenfio i�d ab hoftibus'ea dcgt;nbsp;fenfa,a belli periculo confcruabit, Item Cereri/extra urbcmnbsp;loco,qiio non fempcr homines, nifiper facrificiiim,neccfrcnbsp;habeant adire:cum religione cafte fan�tisc�moribu��s locusnbsp;debet tueri.Caetcriscjdiis'ad facrificiorum rationes/apt� temnbsp;plis are� fiint diftribuend�.De ipfis autem �dibus facris fa^nbsp;ciendis,Sidc^,earumfymmetrijs, in tertio amp; quarto uolumi �nbsp;nc reddam tationes:quia in fccundQuiium eft mihi, primum/nbsp;de materiae copHs, qu�in �dificijsfunt parad�, quibus fintnbsp;uirtutibus,�C quem habeant urum,exponere,c�mcnfus xdhnbsp;ficiorum,amp;: ordines,amp; generafi'ngula fymmetriarum/peragcnbsp;re,Si in fingulis uoluminibus explicate.

A Exfraniurum,Veneris,VuIcani, Martisfana. Venerettt, Vulcdnum,cr Mcirtem,ueterc!(Hetrufcorum difdplind monit'^intrA mxnbsp;niimt f;ptd coUocdndof non putauerunt, qwd libidini,uoluptlt;itibus,incennbsp;dijs,�urgif!,litibiHpr�eJJint.Eoslin urbecoluerunt^qidlrugi ejp:nt,id t/l,nbsp;qui eis rebuiprieeffcntjUndcdd adolefcentidmjGr mdtronM/muli nihil de�nbsp;riudripoffct.B Htdearearutpfymmetrijs. Nihil muto, fed tan�nbsp;tum moneo,melii(t efje fifcribatur^curum^ut in�nelibri fecundi.

(NOCRATES ARCHITECTVS/COGI-tationibiis difolcrcia fretus,cum Alexander rerum pctirctur,profeiftus eft a Macedoniaadnbsp;exerciturn, regiae cupidus commendationis.

�sepatntua pcopinquisamp; amicistulir/adprimos ordincs amp; purpuratos �Kras, ut aditus haberet faciiiorcs j ab eiscj cx#nbsp;ceptu�

ceptusliumanc,p�trjr/unquamprimiimad Alcxandrum per/ duceretur, Cum polliciti elTeiir,'uidiores fuerunt,idoneumnbsp;tempuscxpeftantes.Rac�Dinocratesabijs fccxiftimansil#nbsp;ludi,ab fe petijt pr�ndium, Fucrat enfm ampliffima ftatura,nbsp;faciegratajformajdignirarccjfumma. Hisigitur nacur� munbsp;neribusconfifus,ueftimcnta pofuitinliofpino ,amp;olcocorgt;nbsp;pusperunxir,capufcj;coronauicpopuleafronde,leuum hugt;nbsp;merum/pclleleonina texir,dextracpclauam tenen sd'nccflitc�nbsp;tra tribunal regis'ius dicentis. Nouitas/populum cum aucrgt;nbsp;tilTctjConipcxit cum Alexandcr;amp; admirans, luffit/ei locumnbsp;A dariutacccderetjintcrrogauirc�iquisciret. Atille/Dinocra^nbsp;tes,inquit,architedus Macedo ,qui/ad te cogitationcs (or^nbsp;masafFcro/dignastuacIaritate.bJamc� Athon monccm/forgt;nbsp;maui in ftatu� uirilis f�guram, cuius manu kuajdel�gnaui cigt;nbsp;uitatis amplil��m� m(xnia,dextra(pateram,qu3eicxcipcretnbsp;omnium fluminum qu� funt in co rnontc,aquam,ut indeinnbsp;tnareprofunderetur, Deledatws Alexander ratione form�,nbsp;ftatim qusefiuitjfi effent agricirca, qui poffentfrumentaria raquot;nbsp;tionecam ciuitatcm tucri.Cum inucniffet,n� poffe/nifi trans#nbsp;tnarinis fubueftionibus .'Dinocratcs,inquir,attendo egregi�nbsp;formsecompof�tionemjamp;cadeleftorffed animaducrto,ut finbsp;B quisdedux�rit eo loci coloniam, foremt indicium einsiiitupcnbsp;retur. Vtenimnatusinfans/fincnutricislaAe non potefi ali, similitudonbsp;ncc^ ad uit� crefeentisgradus/perduci:fie ciuitas-f�ne agris,amp; ciegdns.nbsp;corum frudibusinm�nibusaffluentibus, no potefi crefccre,nbsp;neef�ne abundantiacibi^ frequetiam habere,populumcf'finenbsp;copia tueri. Itacjquemadmodum formationem/puto pro#nbsp;bandam,hciudico locum,improbandum;recj�uolo effemc#nbsp;cum,quod tua opera fum uiurus. Ex eo/Dinocraresab regenbsp;n� difeeffit, amp; in Aegypt� eft eum profccutus. Ibi Alexander/nbsp;cum animaduerulTcr portum naturalitcr tutum, emporiumnbsp;egregium,campos circa totam Aegyptum frumcnrarios,imnbsp;P manisfluminis Mili magnas utilitates ; iuffitcumifuo nomi#nbsp;neciuirafem Alexandriam/conftituere.Itacp/Dinocratcs a fa#nbsp;cie dignitatec� corporis commendatus, ad cam nob�itaremnbsp;pvuenit.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Miiii autcm,linpcrato Vjftaturam,(non tribuit na

tura,faciem deformauit xtas,uaktudoidetraxi�t m'res, Itaque / guoniamabhi's pr�fidijsfum d�f�rais,perauxiliafdcnn�,nbsp;fcn'ptacfCut fpero)pcrueniam adc�mendationcm. Cum augt;nbsp;tem in primo uolumf neide officio Architeftur�, terminatie�nbsp;nibusc� artisiperfcripferim,itcm de moenibus,etintra m�enianbsp;areariim diuifionibusiinfequaturc^ ordofde�dibusfacrisSinbsp;publicis �dif�cijsjitemcjipn'uatis, quibusproportionibus 3Cnbsp;iymmarijsidebcant cffe,uti cxpliccnturinon putaui ante pogt;nbsp;nendum,nifi prius/demateri3ecopi�s,equibuscollatisoedif�gt;nbsp;cia ftructuriSj�C materi� rationibus pcrficiuntur,quas habe#nbsp;ant in ufu uirtutesiexpofuiffcm,quibusc^ rerum natura prin#nbsp;dpijs effet tempcrara'dixiffem. Sed antequam naturales resnbsp;incipiam explicare,de �dificiorum rationibusunde initia c�nbsp;perintjCt uti creuerint eoriim inuentiones,ante ponam;8i in#nbsp;fequar ingreffus antiquitati s rerum natur �,8i eor�,qui initianbsp;humanitatisiamp;inucntioncs perquif�tas, feriptorum preceptisnbsp;dedicauerunt.Itac�iquemadmodum ab his fum inftitutus,exnbsp;ponam �

I nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;T ilieDinocrates. Sta/tcratentPlutdrchui in ui�

I nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;tdAlexandrkO'ltbroDeuirtuteet�rtuniieiufdei�,

� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nocdtiirchite�umeum,^uiexmonteAtho,Alex!ina

1 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;)StfSHrit�jfe cffigitrnpoUiceidtur ,incuiutmMtt

ciuitdtd�idcret^cdpdxdecemmiHiumbominum, B. V t fi qui s eduxer i t eo Io co col oniam. Omnino feribendum, de�nbsp;duxerd t� locieolonidin� ut huitis libri cdp.3. Colonidin communem eo lonbsp;eidcduxerunt� C luffitieum fuo nomine ciuitatemAIexan�nbsp;driam conftituere. Slrdbo.'eyAclidnta,Alexdndriiiedrchite��/Chi�nbsp;nocrdtem,�ue utdliiiui fcribunldpud Strdbonem, Chiromocrdlem,dliinbsp;Cher�crdtemjPliniuticr Solinm'Dinocrdtem cum Vitruuio f:ribunt. Iw*nbsp;(liw duti lib,i},Epitomje Trogi Pomp trddit CleomenetHiJ^exdndridni

DE PRISCORVM HOMINVM VITA, ET rfc iititijs humanitdtii te�oruf�, er �termen*nbsp;tiseorum, CAP. 1,

HOminestieceri more,ut fer�,in fyluis;amp; fpeluncis amp; ne moribusnafcebantiir,cibocpagrcftiiicfcendo,uicamnbsp;�xigebant. Inrcrea'quodaminloco'ab tempeftatibus de uen#nbsp;G

tis, denf� crebritati'b�s arboi�cs(agitat3c,amp; interfe terentes ra A mos, igncm exciraucrunt:ex eo flamma uchemcnri pertcrritiznbsp;quiciicaeumlocufucrunt,funtfugati,PofljeareJquietajpro# Bnbsp;pius accedentes cum animaduertiflcnticommoditatem effenbsp;magnamcorporibusadignisteporem, ligna adijcicntes,�inbsp;cum conferuantcs,aliosadduceb�nr,Si nutumonftrantcs,nbsp;oftendebant quas habercnt ex eo utilitates. In eo hominumnbsp;congreflujcum profundebancur aliter fe fpiritu uoces,quoii!?nbsp;diana confuetudineiiocabula, ut obtigerant ,conftituerunt:nbsp;deinde'fignificando resfaepiusinufu,cxeuentu,fari fortuitonbsp;ccperunt,amp; ita/fermonesinterfe procrcaucriint. Ergo/cumnbsp;propter ignis inuentionem jConuentus initio apud homines;nbsp;�Ccondlium Si conuidus effet natus,amp; in unum locum plugt;nbsp;res conuenirentjhabentes ab natura primum, pr�ter reliqua cnbsp;animalia,utn� pronijl�dercdi ambularenr,mundic^amp; aftronbsp;�rummagnit�centiamlarpiccrent:itcm manibusSi articulis,nbsp;quam uel�ent renvfaciliter traftarent, ceperunt in eo c�tu /alqnbsp;de frondefacere teifta,alrj/fpeluncas fodere fub m�tibus, nonnbsp;nullihirundinum nidos�i�dificationcs earum imitantes,denbsp;luto Si uirgultis facerc loca,qu3efubirent. Tune/obferuantesnbsp;ali�nareAa,amp;adijcientcsfuiscogitationibus res nouas, effi#nbsp;ciebant indics'meliora genera caf�rum. C� effent autem ho^nbsp;minesfimitabilidocilicj natura, quotidicinuentionibusglo#nbsp;riantes,aliisialrj oftendebant xdifidorum cffeduSj�C itajcxcr#nbsp;tentes ing�nia cerrationibus,indieamelioribus iudicrjs ef��cienbsp;bantur.PrimumcjifurdsercAis,amp; uirgukisinterpoi�tis/luto,nbsp;parietes texerunt.Alrjiluteas glebas arefacientesjftruebantpanbsp;rietes, materiaeosiiugumentantes,uirandoc�imbresamp;�ftus, Dnbsp;tegebant arundinibus(amp; frondc;poftea/quoniam per hy ber�nbsp;nas tempeftates/tefta non poterant imbres fubftincrc,faftigianbsp;facientes, luto induefto, proclinatis teftis, ftillicidia deducednbsp;bant. H�cautem,ex ijs qu� fupraferipta funt originibus,innbsp;ftitutaeffe, poffumus fit animadi�ertere,quodad hune diem/nbsp;nationibus exterisfex his rebus�dificia conftituuntur, ut in -Gallia,Hifpania,Lufirania,Aquitaniajfcandulisrobufteis, gnbsp;lucftramentis, Apud nauonem Colchor�inPonto propternbsp;fyluarun�

Primi mundi^etinbsp;tciedificdanbsp;tio corpitfnbsp;multiettimnbsp;abdiutM�nbsp;libuiexentnbsp;pU Uitit,nbsp;conferud�nbsp;mettq; iminbsp;tdtifunLnbsp;fykiarum abundantiam, arboribusperpetuis, planisdextranbsp;ac finiftra in rerra pofitis/pacio inter cas relidoiquanto arbonbsp;rum longitudinespadiintur, collocantur.Inextremisparrf�nbsp;bus earum fupra,alter�,tranfucrf�, quaeicircumcludunt menbsp;diumfpaciumhabitauonis, tuncinfupcrakernistrabibusexnbsp;quatuorpartibus angulos iugumentantes , amp; ita/parietes exnbsp;G ij

arboribus ftatucntcs, ad perpendiculum imarum, educGc ad altiriidinem turres ; interuallacpiqu� relinqiiuntur propternbsp;crafl�cLidinem maceri�, fchidrjs amp; luto'obftruunt.Item teda Fnbsp;rccidentesadextrcmosangulositranftratraijciunr,gradatimnbsp;contrahentes. Icacx quatuor parcibtisiad altitudinem cducutnbsp;medio mctas, quas Si fronde amp; luto tcgentcs,effidunt barbanbsp;rico more teftudinata turrium teAa � Phryges uero, quinbsp;campeftribuslocisfunt habitantes, propter inopiamfylua^nbsp;rum egentes materia,eligunt tumulos naturales, eoscjmc^nbsp;diosifoflura exinanientes,amp; itinera perfodicntes dilatant fpanbsp;cia,quaritum natura loci patitur. Infuper autemiftipitesinternbsp;fereligantes,metas efficiunt, quas/arundinibus �i, ftramentis qnbsp;tegentes, exaggerantfuprahabitationcs/maximosgrumose jjnbsp;terra � Ita ihyemes calidiff�raaSj�ftatesfrigidifltmascfFiciuntinbsp;tedorum radonc. Nonnulli'cx ulua paluftri componunt tu jnbsp;guria tefta.Apudc�tcrasquoc^gentcsamp;nonnulla loca,panbsp;nfimilicjrationc,cafarumperficiunturconftitutiones. Nonnbsp;minus etiam Maffilise animaduertere polTumus/fine tegulis/nbsp;fiibada cum pallcis terra teda. Athenisareopagi antiquitatis

' exemplar ad hor tempus luto tcdum.Itemjincapitoliofcom monefaccre poreftamp; l�gnificare mores uefuftatis,Romuli ca g,nbsp;fa,in arcefacrorum ftramentis teda. Ita hisfignis, de antiquisnbsp;inuentionibus aedificiorum, fic ea fuifle ratiocinantespoflu#nbsp;musiudicare. Cumautem/quotidiefaciendo/tritioresma.nbsp;nus ad �dif�candum perfecifi�nt, amp; folertia ingenia exercentnbsp;do/per confuetudinem ad artes pcrueniflent, turn etiam indunbsp;ftriaj'nanimiseorum adieda/perfecit,utqui fucrunt inhisnbsp;ft.udiofiores,fabros efle l�iprofiterentur. Cum ergo h�cl'ta fucnbsp;rint primo conftituta, amp; natura/non folum fenfibusornauif#nbsp;fctgentes,qucmadmodum reliquaanimalia: fed etiam cogigt;nbsp;tationibusamp;confilijs/armauifret mentes, 8ifubiccifletc�teranbsp;animalia fub poteftate ; tuncucro/e fabricationibus �dif�cio� t,nbsp;rum'gradatim progreffi ad c�teras artes amp; difciplinas, c fera/nbsp;agreftic�uita,ad manfuetam perduxerunthumanitatc.Tumnbsp;autem/inftruentesanimofe/amp; profpicientesjmaioribus cogigt;nbsp;tationibus esuarietate artium naiis,non cafas,fed etiam dogt;nbsp;mos.

BI das,materiacj!,amp;tcgulatcgt; dasperficere ceperunt.�dein^nbsp;dciobferuationibiisftudiorunbsp;cuaganribus Indiens, cxincernbsp;tis'ad cerras fymmetriarumnbsp;ranonesperduxerSr,pofteagt;nbsp;quam animadueirerunt pronbsp;fufos eiTe partus ab naturanbsp;materi�, amp; abundantem cojinbsp;piana ad aedificationes/ab canbsp;comparatam,traftando nunbsp;triuer unt, amp; audam per argt;nbsp;tcs ornaucrut uolupratibusnbsp;ad elegantiam uit�. Igiturnbsp;dehis rebus,qu�funtin �dinbsp;ficijsadufum idoneae, quigt;nbsp;busc� fint qualitatibus , amp;nbsp;quas habeant uirtutes (ut ponbsp;tcro)dicam� Sedfiquisdenbsp;ordine huius libri difputanbsp;reuolucrit, quod putauerit'nbsp;cumprimuminftitui opor^nbsp;tuiffe : ne pucet'mc errauifle,nbsp;fic reddam radonem. Cumnbsp;corpus Architedur� feriberem primo uolumine,putauiquiquot;nbsp;buscrudidonibusamp; difcipliniscfietornata;exponerc,fini^ 'nbsp;re(^ terminadonibus'eius fpeciesj�c c quibus rebus effet nara/ �nbsp;dicere : itac�quid oporteat effe in Architedo/bi pronunciagt;nbsp;ui. Ergo in primo de ards officio : inhocide naturalibus ma�nbsp;teri� rebus,quem habeant ufutn,difputabo.Mam caliber,hocnbsp;non profiteturjunde Architedura nafcatur ,fed/unde originnbsp;nes �dificiorumifintinftitut�, quibus radonibus enutrit�nbsp;Siprogreffae fint gr adatim ad hanc finition� m. Ergo ita iuonbsp;ordine �i loco huiuserituoluminisconftitudo.lSlunc reuer#

tar ad propofitum ; amp;dc copiis,quic!apt3e fiint �dificiorum perfcdionibus.queraadmodum uideanair effe ab natura rcgt;nbsp;rumprocrcatae,quibuscp mixtionibusprinciptorumcon^nbsp;grefrustemperctur,nc obfcura,fed pcripicua legendbus fint,nbsp;ratiocinabor. Namc�nullamateriarumgenera,necjcorpo^nbsp;, ra,necp re^fine principiorum c�tu dafci, necj fubrjci in cello Itnbsp;ftui poffunt, nec^ aliter natura rerum pracceptis Pliyficorumnbsp;ueras padtur habere explicationesjnifi cauf�,quf funt in hisnbsp;rebus,quemadmodum quid ita fint, fubdlibus rationibusnbsp;habcant demonftrationes.

A Denfsecrebritatibus arbores. Bononien/ismanu/criptutcoa dcxhdbetjdenCiecrebritatis. B Poftcarequieta. Ali^,po�earenbsp;quieta,ut huiuthbricap,^. C Habentesabnaturapfimum. Altnbsp;quicodicesh4ben(jprlt;einiutn� D Materia eosiugumentantes.nbsp;Jugumentdrc,efl cumfubfiratis�ngulis bincdtqihinatrabibuidire^iftnbsp;fuprlt;i,tr4nfuerjariiiedluhincinde�ngulieiit 4ngulis,rudttui,id e�utin^nbsp;terud�um �t,z^ non dlta incipird ,�uc cremt, commtttuntur,ut qmt� bi�nbsp;nlt;eperdiuerfumcontigndtione$,qmttuordngulKfiant. lugumentddliternbsp;accepit-iAX4todereRufiicei Cdp-14. Vi�lt;e (inquit) f�nddmentdicxc�nbsp;mentit cr cake fi^a terr dm, pede, cdteros pdrietesiex Idlere iugumen�nbsp;td or dntepdgmentdqu�opuserunt,exldpideindito^ lugumentd, uideturnbsp;inte�igere:fuperlimindre,lt;;^(upercHium portdrum,O' feneftrdrum. Di�nbsp;Hd dtuem n�c cxiftimducrim,d itigk, qmeidrreildrijs trdtffuerfit fuperpanbsp;nuntur�ndcmilitdre iugum,quod fiebdt, duabia defixit h^^ktertid fupevnbsp;ligdtd^cr iugdw uitibut,qu�!peddmentk,quiba�!re�la fiat uined, tr�n frnbsp;tierfdiuganturfUnde/or iugdticuinciedicuntur. E Scandulisrobuanbsp;fteis. ldefl,roborcdlf�ldtimle{lo.Suntdutemfi:dndul�,tabe�ee/uicentnbsp;tegiddrumpr�jldntes,quibusfconte(ldm fid�e Romain idnnii,^�:,o.duilornbsp;tfl CorneliitfbleposidpudP[iniam,Lib.i�-'Cdp.io � i�doruiputdt,nomennbsp;e/fefortitdf,dfcindendo. F S�chidijs�Cluto/obftruunt.Scfc/dirfczc/nbsp;er Libro.7.Cdp.io.fi(ntbgni�dgmentd,qu�iinmdrmorcdicHntur d�it�nbsp;U.Lib.r.Cdp^s, G Metase�^iciune.Metd,gr�c�pyrdmif,e^im�nbsp;pdrk ldtd,frperiore itn^ufid,ltafiruemilAXdto dppeUat Cdp, ff.de lignonbsp;condcndii

t�dendiyloqucns.Et ColumellitLib.t.Capa�, d�finojn mct/u (induit) exlrui conueniet.cds^ ipfdtin dngu�i�imos uertkcsexAcui.iAeta iitucr*nbsp;fi,cidcmLib.9.Cap.if.ificu!ufi�odiqudlufiquoutnumliqiMtur. H Manbsp;ximosgnimos ercrra. Congc�ittosgk)bos,tumtilos, Alioqnin gru�nbsp;mui:collc{iio tll tcrrlt;e, Colume�d Libi.Cdp.io.. Grumos^iquoiad uernbsp;fur�niplcrunq;trd�i�/�ciunt crates, d^ipabtmut. VndeexgrUmaredianbsp;citurVarfoniLib-�. Cap.14.. l NonnulJi cxuJuapaluftri. Quod ;�nbsp;dlga�ftmari,idpaludieUculua,m,utfume� SerMo,Aeneid.6. K Ro�nbsp;muli cafaAn arce facrorum �Cc. Df fcjcVcrgifiK� Aencid.s-

Q�� terit no�ri,� quitri5,regia nati, A�gt;ice decanna, �raminibm^ domuin-

Kcquiretaliquis.ifemel uniuerfam fir� tegendorum te�orum rationem,' qu�^dutfiterit,aut nunc ittufu c�,explicari:qudrenon ab re hic uifum e�,nbsp;fubiungert-Teila tegi animaduerttmus ex Vitruuio harundinibus et fronnbsp;de,�ondeGr Into, harundinibust^ flramentis, fuba�la cumpale� ter*nbsp;ra�rametttii.ScandulisiterOfid e/lligttcis a�ulis ufds Romanos, aniiornbsp;t�pliniusLib-is.Cap.io.ldemlibritiusCdp.37.tradit,lAauros!mapalilt;inbsp;fud fcirpis tegcrc * Pdulus Didconusrr�rt^anthcond,tereii tegul� te�tt,:nbsp;qudrum nosiin fummo �rniceprtegrandes aliquot uidimus, Idbolenmnbsp;iurisconfultuiiPandeiidrum LibsQ-deuerb.�gni�c, pluinbo tegtindicat,nbsp;quodreccptum etiam nunc e�. HieMuntur'lata�ris lapidek^aut teguUs,nbsp;ifs^'uelplanis,uel hamatis cum imbricibus,fed itd coUocatis, ut induabuinbsp;hamatis�nguli imbrices inuehantur, Vtuntur fs- cerulei Idpidis fcHilihuinbsp;Idminis, cru�isue, is lapin ferra dentdta, ut lignum fecdtur,affulatim^nbsp;fi-dngttur,non ut C�teriin ca:mentd,drdo�dm uocamui. Eoetiam'Ku/^nbsp;ci cy Algori�^pro aback uiimtur, id ejl,tdbulis!in quibus tlli notas uo*nbsp;cumfonituumqiyide� iHimumcros fubindc delctilcs'ducunt. Lnbsp;Tuncucro�ifabncationibus. Mufocr foni��oncfM,mcprlt;e�nbsp;po�cionem. M Materiaqueamp;rcgulareAa.A/i^Mtcodifes/cntat ,nbsp;te�af,utrcfiratur ad domos. N Ncqucrcsfinc princpiorumnbsp;catruna{'ci.Capitc�dtimproxinio�cait,Exhisergocongruentibui'canbsp;rc� omnes coircjtafci^Mdeantur, Vtfirtajfe n�abs.re'hotioco coitu pro

fcuritatem fcriptorum,a Gr�cis mriv�t eft appcllacu^ignem; Deiflocritus, quic^ eum fccutus eft Epicurus, atomos, quasnbsp;noftri'infccabiliacorpora, nonnulliiindiuidua uocitaueruntinbsp;Pythagoreorura uero difciplin�adiecit ad aquam �Cignem,nbsp;a�raiSC terrenum. Ergo Democrituss^i fi non proprieires nogt;nbsp;tninauit, fed tant� indiuidua corpora propoliiiti ideoea ipfanbsp;dixiiTe uidetur , quod eaicum fint difiunfta, nee Icguntur, nee Bnbsp;internitionem recipiunt,nec fedionibus diuiduntur,fed femnbsp;piterno fuo/perpctuo infini tam rctinentinfefoliditatem, Eknbsp;iiisergo congruentibus, cum res omnesAroirc nafciq;uidean Cnbsp;tur, Sc e� in infinitis generibus rerum natura effent difparatf,nbsp;putaui oporterede uarietatibus Scdifcriminibus ufus eari�,nbsp;quasc�haberentin �dificrjs qualitates'exponere,utiitum fuenbsp;rint not�,non habeantqui �dificare cogitant, errorem, fednbsp;aptas ad ufum copias �dificijs, comparent.

A Thales quidemprimum aquamputauitamp;c.Hrcrfpdin'ft Proamio libri s,^ nosibiiton �ibil feribemta. B Quodeacum finenbsp;difiun�a nccicguntur. Hoc dicit .iju�dinfecdbiliiiill� indiui�nbsp;duttcorpufculd (quie'dtomosDemocritui, ZT cum fecutui Epicurm'uo^nbsp;cdbdnt ) dnte^udm concurrunt amp; co'�dttt, internecionem non rccipiunt,nbsp;tjec Itcdunturnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;in corpus coieruntiicuo obnoxid�unt. C Cum

res omnestoirenafeiqueuideantur. �ionco��untres,fedexdto� moriim coitu�unt,

DE LATERIBVS, EX Q_.VA TERRA, 5�o tempor e,Grlt;iua firmuduci eos oporleaunbsp;CAP. III.

IT aque /primum de lateribus, qua de terralduci cos opor# teatfdica�* Non eniraide arenofojnccg calculofo, nc^ fagt;nbsp;buloib

bulofo luco'funt ducendi qiiod ex hisgeneribus cum f�nt du fti, primum fiunt graues, dcindecum abimbribusfj'n pariegt;nbsp;obusa/perguntur,dilabuntur!amp;d�floluunrur, palc�cpqu�nbsp;inhisponuntur/noncoh�refcuntjpropterafperitatem. Fagt;nbsp;ciendi autem funcex terra albida, cretofa,f�ue de rubrica, autnbsp;etiam mafeulo fabulone.H�c entm genera propter leuitaretn/nbsp;habent firmitatem,Si nonfuntinopere(ponderofa,�ifaciligt;nbsp;ter aggeruntur� Ducendi autem funr per uernum tempusSCnbsp;aunimnalCjUtuno tenore f�ccefcant. Qiu'eni'm per folftitiumnbsp;parantur, ideo uitiofi funt, t]uod fummum eon'um (fol acrigt;nbsp;ter aim percoquit, efficit (ut uideantur aridi, interius autem/nbsp;f�nt non ficci;amp; cum poftea ficcefcendofc c�trahunt,penumgt;nbsp;punt ea,qu� erant arida;jta rimofi fafti efficiuntur imbccilli�nbsp;Maxime autem utiliorcs er�t, fi ante biennium/fucrint dudqnbsp;namejnon ante/poffuncpcnitusficcefccre.Itacptum r�centesnbsp;amp; non aridi funtftrufti, telt;ftorio induAo/rigideq: obfolidagt;nbsp;to permanente, ipfi fidentesnon poiTunt candem altitudin�,nbsp;quaeft tedorium,tenere,�contraAionfCf mori'nonh.�rentc�nbsp;eOjfedaconiun�ioneeiusdifparantur.lgitur tedoria abftrunbsp;durafeiunfta,propter tenuitatem/per feftare nonpoi�unt,nbsp;fed franguntur,ipficf parietes fortuite fidentes uiti�tur. Ideogt;nbsp;que etiam Vticenfes^atere,fi fit aridus, amp; ante quinquenniunbsp;dudus,c� arbitrio magiftratus fueritita probatus, tunoutunnbsp;turinparietumftruduris. Fiuntaut�laterum'gcncratria, 1nbsp;unumiquodGr�cclt;/blt;/15jcvappellatur,idcft(quonoftriutungt; 1nbsp;tur,longum pcdcjlatumfemfpcdc; c�cerisduobus,Gr�co# !nbsp;rum xdificiaftruuntur. Exhisunum pentadoron,altcrum/nbsp;tetradorondicitur.Doron autem Gr�ciZappcllanrpalmum,nbsp;quod muncruin datio Gr�celt;/li�jtv appellaruradautemfem^nbsp;pergeriturper manuspaimum .Itaquodcftquoquo uerfusnbsp;quinctipalmoru,penfadQron;qucdquatuor, tcfradorondigt;nbsp;citur : amp; qu� fu nt publica opera, pentadoro ,� qu� priuata,nbsp;tetradoro ftruuntur. Fiunt autem cum liislateribus'fcmilanbsp;teres,quifcun) firuuntur ,una partclarcribusordines, alt�ra'nbsp;femilatcrcs poniintiiriergofcxutracf parie;�d lineamc� ftrugt;nbsp;� untur,alt�rais cornsparietes allig�tur ,amp;medij latercsfupra

Gr^ecorit later� fXnbsp;gelt;nbsp;neribufconbsp;f�rmdto anbsp;rumcreonbsp;rumfe�ionbsp;num,dcconbsp;po�tionu

Icntiim,amp; in Galliis'Maflilia,amp; in Afia Pitana, ubi latercsicu funrdufli5iarefadi,proieAi natantinaqua. Natarcautemnbsp;cos poffc ideo uidetur^quod terra eft de qua ducuntur,pumigt;nbsp;colaura cum eft Icuis,acre folidata,non recipicin fe ncc conii�nbsp;bibicliquorem. Igirur/lcui raracf cum fit proprietate,nec pagt;nbsp;tiaturpenctrarc incorpus/humidam poteftaeem ,quocunc�nbsp;pond�r�fuerit;cogitur ab rerum natura(qucmadraodumnbsp;pumex)uti ab aqua fuftineatur.Sic auceinimagnas habent utinbsp;litatcs,quod necj in aedificationibus ftintonerofi� amp;cum dugt;nbsp;cuntur,a tempeftatibus non dilToluuntur,

A Faciendi autem funrex terra amp;rc. Plinim Lihro. jf .Cap. 14.' albicMte, B Autetiammafculofabulone.

rubrumjtemqjnigrH^auHorePlimolib^i7-c�p.4, C Propter Jeuira� tern habent fir mi tatem. Prima fyllaboiproduildintclligendum eR,nbsp;fiue utaliquifcribunt leuitatem, idcliiqKodpinguis^l'ehacisMitttru fitnbsp;natur�.�^iinfignficationeiPliniui.ufurpdiiitleuoreinlib.jf.cap.s.denbsp;paretonio loquettf, E citniitdM ( inquit ) coloribia/piiigtu�imumie:^ te�ioenbsp;rijsteniici�tmum,propter leuorem. Ahoquin, Icuitof/contrdrid eftajperb'nbsp;Utizy�athritietPlinio^hhroc).cap.zp.M^rfunoltb.de A�rologid, Apunbsp;teiQ lib._de (Lemanio Socratis. Plinius etiam leuorem uocdt/mcmorati librinbsp;cdp. 35quot;, Se(fnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Gdzd,qudm T heophrajlus Aamp;otht� dicit�euitdte trdnslt;e

firt. D Ducendiautemfuntperuernumtempus/Siaurume nalc, PafladfiM libro s. cdp. u. Idtcres uult �eri menfelAdio : fieriduteinnbsp;terrd cretdldikgenter �y omnid/fieritdte purgdtd, mixtd cum pdleis, dinnbsp;mdcerdtd, cr intra firmamilateri fimilemidcprelfa, longttudinepedumnbsp;duorum,Idtitudine unius, dltitudine quatuor unctarum. Semel admoncnanbsp;dum.ldteres dd Soiem ficcari,tellas!iggt;iipercoqui, ut infra cap. 3. Hte'mds 'nbsp;define or exf�ccat� rurfiis,dd mirdculum durefeunt. tiol�rietidmitefta^nbsp;uitro iHinunt, uocantq- uttredtds. E Fi u nt au tc m I arerum gen eranbsp;tf ia. Atiimaduerti Romx�n ucterum monimentis, tribus his Idterum ge�nbsp;tieribusinon fiiilfecontentos,fcd pro commoduate, dutgrdtid,mdioribiiS,nbsp;tninorthisueeifeiifos. F Longurnpcde,larumfcmipcdc.Phaiu-inbsp;tib.ss.Cap. i^.Dit^doron, longum fefquipcdcfidtum pede, dtcit, qitafii

efftciunt,Qu�mfcripturdininueniinquodamVtiruuijcodi* ce,ftd pro Diiidjron,eratfcrtpium,tichum,mcndofe. Lichdf (]uidem,utnbsp;ex Poliucc dididmin, eft quantum /})acij e�inter poliicemzir indicem cx�nbsp;tenfos.Georgitu Va�ddichada legit;fed quod duos palmos ait habere,hoc inbsp;uerum eff� non cxtflimo . Sed quid ad rem ? Hoflrum uero codicem jquinbsp;emendatum hac partecredet, Vitruuiutn�rtajfeiad longitudinem U�nbsp;titudinem putabit re�iexi�c, Vero tarnenfimUius efl,de palmo minore in�nbsp;tellexiffe ,c}- lAtitudinem/fle�afle, nam duo palmiiefficiuntfemipedem^nbsp;Seddepaltnolib.i.cap.i, G Exhistinumpentadororijaltcrum/nbsp;tctradoron dicitur,Hunctocumitalegendumexiflimo-Ex htsunumnbsp;Pentadoron,lt;dterum Tctradoron didtur. ( Doron autem Grtcci/appeknbsp;lantpalmum,eoq�munerumdatio Grifce ei'w�o/j appellatur,quod fempernbsp;geritur per manuf palmumflJ quod efl quoquouerfus, lt;O'e. Ndm Plinit�nbsp;Lib.i^. Cap,t4Jtafcrdgt;itdelateribuiloquens,Genera eorum tria, Di�nbsp;doron,quo utimurflongumfefquipede,latum pcde:AlterumTetradorontnbsp;TertiumPentadoron, Gricci enim antiquidoron palmum uocabant. Etnbsp;ideodorlt;lt; munera, quia manu darentur, Ergo� quatuor or quinq^ pal�nbsp;mis,prout fmt,nominantur. Eadem efl lat�udo, minor ein priuatis operinbsp;buf,maiorewpubIicisutunturinGriecia, H Alterniscorijs/parie�nbsp;t�saUignntur,!deS,cur/ibiiS'crordtnibus. I EftaureminHi�nbsp;fpania ulteri orejCaknt�.P/wi�� Lib.js-Cap. 14.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;^iafliam Hi�

J�aniie,�ueutinaliquibitscodtcibiMfcriptumefl,]!Aa�iliam. Vt�rtaflie apud Vitruuiut�,Maflilia,a�tNla�ia, aut cert� Maxilua, relidis duabuinbsp;di�ionibuiflnGalUjs') crprouerbo'ell,funt appofieo,fcribcndumfit/tinbsp;hunc modum. Sunt autem in Htjflania ulterioreCalentum ey Ka�ia,autnbsp;Vta�ilia,�uc Hiaxilui.Sic eniminquit Plinius,Pitanx:in Afta,cr in ulterionbsp;rii miflaniie duitatibui,Ma�tae^ Calcntofiunt lateres, crc. Maxiluantnbsp;idea nominaui,quod earn Ptolomieusin Hi/flania Boetica nominat, iHa�i�nbsp;uero Theopomput apud Stephanumiin ea^mponit, Laterum autem Pi�nbsp;t4n�'metninitStraboLib,islt;. '

i rendumjUteaf�cidonea'adinateriammifccndamjneqjha^ B beat terramcommixtam. Genera aurcm arena? foi�ri��untnbsp;h�c,nigra,cana,rubra,carbunculus. Exhis^qu� in manu c�nbsp;fricata'fcccrit itridorem,erit optima : qu� autem terrofa fucgt;nbsp;rit,amp; non habebic afpcricatem, item/fi in ueftimentum candigt;nbsp;dum ca coni�da fuerir,po(teayexcuira ucl i(5:a,id non inquinanbsp;uerit,nec�ibi terrafubfiderir,eritidonca.Si autemnon eriintnbsp;arenaria,undefodiatiir; turn defluminibus/aur e glarca/eritnbsp;excernenda.No minus etiam de Jittore marinoJed eaiin ftrujinbsp;fturish�chabetuitia, quoddifticulter �ccefcit,nec^ubifit,nbsp;onerari iecontinenter paries patitur,nifi intermiflionibusre^nbsp;quie(car,nccjconcamerationes recipit. Marina aut�jhoc am#nbsp;plius, quod etiam parictes/cum in histedoria fafta fuerinttenbsp;mittentes falfuginem,ea diflbluunt. Fofliti� uero/ccleritcr innbsp;ftrufturis l�cceicunt,lt;Si teftoria permanent, Si concamcratio*quot;nbsp;nespatiuntur:fed hac,qu� funt de arenariis r�centes. Si cnimnbsp;excmpt�idiutius iaccant, ab foie amp;C luna Si pruina concoAac/nbsp;rcfoluuntur, amp; f�unt terrof�. Itatum in ftrufturam conijci�nbsp;unrur,non poffunt conti ncre ccmcnta,fcd ca ruunt Si labungt;nbsp;turjOneraqjparieccsnonpolTunt fuftinere. R�centesautemnbsp;folTitiae/cum in ftrucluris tantashabeant uirtutes, ee/in tedo#nbsp;rijsideo non funt utiles, quod pinguitudini cius/calx,paicanbsp;commixta, propter uehementiam/n� poteft fine rimis inare�nbsp;C fcerctfluuiaticaucrO'proptcrmacritatcm (utifigninum)ba�nbsp;cillorum fubaftionibusiin tedorio recipit foliditatem �

A De arena qu �rendum. Arenlt;e'ge ne rd tria funt. ro�iti�iqudv� tdpdrscdlcif ddii debet:fluuidtih aut mdrin:e,tertid, aurore Plinio Liamp;.nbsp;iS.Cdp.is.cr Vitruuiocapitefequentt.Sed�utinecejfe�tmarisarenOfnbsp;crtf commodumiUt feribit PaSaditis Lib.t.Cap.io^priiu cam^acuna hu*nbsp;tnoris dulcis 'immcrgi,ut uitiam faits,acit�s fuattibus Iotafdiponat,til mirunbsp;uiderinon debeat,qitcd Vitruuius Lib t Cap.t. marinant lotamdixtrit^'f*: �S-B G encra arcnac fol��tix/funt h�c, nigra, cana, rubra, car�nbsp;bunculus'.

bunculus. Omnium jrufi fine rubrd optimd:meriti fcquentisiejl cdntli Tertium locum ^igra po�idet,utfcrtb!t PaHudiuf L�t.i. Cdp. �o. C Vtinbsp;figninum. Signimim opusifit ex uftif tu�sidddita calce, du�ore Plmionbsp;' Lib-jf.Cdp.it. Aliter etidmfieriipfeVitruuiut dccctiddfinyMo�dui,nbsp;tiosGd�ticimentumuocdmusindmceementumtiuideffitdixmus,

Cdlx unde T~AE arcn� coptfs/cum Iiabeatur explicatum, tum etfam coqudtur. J/dccalce(diljgcntiaeftadhibenda,utidealbofaxo,autfigt;nbsp;licetoquaturiamp;qu�critex fpiffoSi dunorc, erit utiliorinnbsp;ftru(flura:qujaurem exfiftulofo,tn ted�rijs. Cum eajeritcx#nbsp;tin(fta,tunclt;materi� ita mifceatur,ucfieritfo(rida,tresaren3e^nbsp;amp; una calcis confundantur , Si autem fluuiatica/aut marina,nbsp;du�arcn�linunam calcis coniiciantur:ita enimeritiuftaragt;nbsp;tio mixtionis remperatur�. Etiam in fluuiatica'autmarina,nbsp;^.�fiqiiisteftam tufamamp;fuccrcram/exrcrtiaparteadiecerir,effiV B 1nbsp;cict matcriae temperaturam/ad ufum meliorern . Qiiare au�nbsp;tem,cumredpitaquam amp;arcnam calx,tuncfconfirmat �ru#nbsp;(Suram, li�c eflecaufa uidetur ; quod e principijsnd c�teranbsp;corpora,ita �i faxaifunt temperata:amp; qu� plus habent a�ris,nbsp;funticnera:qu�(aqu�,lentaruntabhumore:qu3e rerr�,du#nbsp;ra�qu� ignis/ragiliora/Itacj/exhisfaxaliantequam coquannbsp;tur ,contufa m�niitc'mixtacjarcn�'conrjciantur in ftruftur�,nbsp;nec folidefcunt,nec eampoteruntcontincre : cum uerofconi�nbsp;ie�lain fornacemflgnisuchcm�tiferuorecorrcpta, amii�rintnbsp;priflin � foliditatis uirtutcm ; runc/exufiis atcp cxhauftis cor2nbsp;uiribus�elinquunrur patentibus foraininibus/amp; inanibus.

Ergo liqiior,qLii cit in eius 1 apidis corpore, amp; a�rtum exhau nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;'

fiusamp;erepfusfueric,babueritc^in fetcfidauni calorem latent tem, inri-nclus in aqua/jariufquam cxeat�gnis uim rfcipir,amp;:nbsp;huni'orcpenetranteiin foraniinura raritates conferuclcit,amp;nbsp;itarefn'geratus/rcrjtitexcali�iscorporelferuorcm.ldeoautem/nbsp;quoponrlere/faxa c�iiciuntur in foriiaccm/umeximuntur,nbsp;non poi�uiit ad id l'cfpondere ; i�d cum exp�nduntur, eademnbsp;m3gmgt;

nnagm'tudine permanentc,cxcolt;fto Itquorcti'rdcer tertfa pargt; teponderis/imminutaefleinuenj'untur. Igiturtum patent fa /nbsp;ramina corum'amp;: raritarcs, aren� mixtfoncni in fecorripiur,nbsp;amp;iracoh�rcfcunc,ficcefcendocjcumcemennscoeunr,amp;:eff�//nbsp;ciunt ftrudurarum foliditatem.

A De calcc/diligcntiaeftadhibendajUti dealbo faxo, aut gt;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;filice coquatur. CdtoCcnforuis Cap, 3S. lapidemqudnidttri�imum,

ts- qiidm minime uariu,in �rnacem indendtcm fcribit. Lege'r cliqua apud Vlinium LiKj�. Cdp.i^^ er Pt�lddium Lib.t.Cdp. � o.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;omnid /

penehduferunt� Vitruuio -.fed tUudiex Pd�ddio dddereuifum, Cdla cemquoquc(inquit)exalbofdxoduro,uelTyburtino,dut Columbinoflunbsp;uidtiliicoquemws,dut rubro,dut j�ongid,dut marmore: poftremo/qult;� er itnbsp;exduro faxoftru�lur� coucnit ; ex�ftulo�o uero^aut mol�iori la ''nbsp;pide,tc�orijs adhibetur unliat-Quod autem ad Silicem attinct, tria uidi�nbsp;tnui gcnera,album,mgrum,cr rubrum, Et exeo qtiidem�cricalcem;fednbsp;1 tdtenuf,�flatimquumcxldpidkindexemptuieslcoqualur.'B Si quisnbsp;teftam tufarn,amp;fuccrctam.ld eft cribratam: namfuccernerenbsp;nbsp;nbsp;in*

cernerelGr excernereVitruuio dicutur pro cribrare,hic/Gr libro ?� eap.t er Cilt;p6.�nlt;ie incerniculum,pro cribroufurpatur.

ST ctiam genus pulueris,quodeffidr naturalifcrres ad# mirandas.Nafcitur in regionibus Baianis;amp; in agris mu

eft,amp;fineliquore. Ergofcum tresrcsiconGmiii ratione igm's D uchementtaformat�jin unapcruencrinrmixtioncm,repentenbsp;reccpto liquordiinacoherefc�r,amp;celerircrhumorediiratpfonbsp;lidantur,necj cas/fluftus^nccp nis aqu�/poteft difl�olucre. Arjgt;nbsp;dores autem cflcinhis iocis,etiam h�c res,poteft indicarc,nbsp;quodinmontibusCutnanorum�^ Baianis/func locafiidagt;nbsp;tionibusexcauata,! 11 qui'busuapor feruidus ab imo nafccns,nbsp;ignis uehementia perfor�t eamterram ,pereamc�manando/nbsp;in his locis oritur,amp; ita/fudationum egregias efficit utilit�res.nbsp;Non minus etiam memoratur/antiquituscreuifTe ardores/�inbsp;abundauiffedub Vefuuio monte, indcleuomiiifle circa a�nbsp;grosflammam. Ideocpnuncquifpongiafiuepumexpom� Enbsp;peianus uocatur, excotSus ex alio genere lapidis,in banc rcgt;nbsp;daAuscfle uidetur generis qualicatem. Id autem genus fpongt;nbsp;gi�,quod inde eximitur,non in omnibus locis nafeitur, nifinbsp;circum Aetnam,lt;amp;collibus Myf��,qu�/a Grecisnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;f

nominantur, amp;f�quf eiufcemodifuntloc�rum propriet�res. Si ergo in his locislaquarum feruentes inueniuntur fontes,amp;nbsp;inmontibusexcauatistalidi uaporcs,ipfac^ loca/ab antiquisnbsp;.xnemoranturperuagantesin agrishabuifleardores ; uideturnbsp;efle certumiab ignis uehemencia ex topho terraej ( quemacUnbsp;tnodum in fornacibus'�i a cake) ira exhis'erepeum efle liquonbsp;rem. Igitur difl�milibus amp;diiparibus rebuscorrcptis,amp;innbsp;unam poteftatem collaris,calida humoris ieiunitas/aquare#nbsp;pentefatiata, communibuscorporibuslatenti calore confernbsp;uefcit,amp; uehem enter eff�citea coire, cclcritcrc^funa foliditatisnbsp;percipere uirtutem. Relinquetur defideratio, quoniam iranbsp;funtinHerrurialex aqua calidacrebrifontes: quid ica/nonnbsp;etiam ibifnakitur puluis, e quo/eadem rationefub aqua ftru^nbsp;Aura (blidefeat iraej: uifum cft,anrequam defideraretur, denbsp;his rcbus,quemadmodum efle uideannir,cxponcre.Omni^nbsp;bus locis amp; regionibus/noneadem genera rcrr�,nec lapidesnbsp;nalcuntur,fednonnuna/funtterrofa,alialt;fabulofa,itemcj;'glanbsp;reofa,alrjs locis�arenoi�tnec minus alti'sdiueri� amp; omnino difnbsp;fimili diiparfej!genere, utin regionn uarictatibus'qualiratcsnbsp;jnfunrin terra,Maxime autem id licet confiderare,quod quanbsp;mon�

mons Apenni'nus �'regiones Italiae Hctruri�cg circuncingit, S prope omnibus locisn� d�funt fofl�tia arenaria;trans Apen /nbsp;ninum uero, qu� pars eftiad Adriacicum mare, nulla inue^nbsp;niuntur;item Achaia,Af�a,amp; omnino transmarc, ne nomwnbsp;nantur quidem.Igitur n�in omnibus Iocis,quibus�efferuentnbsp;aquae calid� crebri fontes, e�dem opportunitates poffuntnbsp;militer concurrcrc. Sed omniajuti natura rerum conftituit,n5nbsp;ad uoluntatem homin�,(�d fortuito difparataprocreantur.nbsp;Ergo/quibus lods non funt terrofi montes,fed diipoi�r� manbsp;teri� qualitatem habentes, ignis uisper eins uenas egredien�/nbsp;adurit eam,amp;quod molle eftfSi tenerum,exurit,quod auteranbsp;afperum,rclinquir.ltac�iiti in Campaniatxiifta terra puluis,nbsp;Gcin Hetruria'cxcocla materia efficiturCarbunculus.VtraiSnbsp;que autemifunt egregia in ftrud�ris,fed alia in ter rents �dif�gt;nbsp;cr)s,31ia/ctiam inmaritimismolibushabentuirtutem.Eftau#nbsp;tem ibi/materiae poteftas mollior/quam tophus,folidiorqu�nbsp;terra : quo.penirus ab imo/uehemenria uaporis adufto nongt;nbsp;nullis locis,procrcatur id genus arcnf,quoddiciturCarbuanbsp;lt;ulus.

A Eftetiamgenus pulueris. Puluishic,f)utcoldnuidicitur,qucid in putcoldttis co�ibus niifcitur,mcrfut^�protinut�t lapis unusinexpugnaSnbsp;bills uniis,!:^�rtior quotiiiic,utilt;jy� Cumano mifceaftir camcnto^au�onbsp;rePlinioLib.if. Cdp.tf. Puteolaiti mentioie� apudSenecdmLib}. qu��nbsp;�ioitumnaturdlium. B Quodfubhismontibusctc. M.e[iusali^nbsp;^ui codices, quodfub his montibus cf terra, �ruentes funt �ntes crebri,nbsp;C Tophus exugens eft. Topbuseil lapis notus ,�tabtlis, minimumnbsp;ponder is in flru�urishabens. E� autem coloris differentia triplex, rusnbsp;ber,niger,cy dlbus,utcap.proximo. D Ergo cum tres res etc. P�lnbsp;ucremputeolanum,calce!n,amp;tophumintelligit, E Spongiafiuepunbsp;mex Pompeianus. Plin�)lib,},cap,f, Pompcif oppidum e� Campa�nbsp;tiit,undepumicentPompeianumuocatumext�matnus. F Collibusnbsp;MyG�, quilaGraecisKaTaji�K�u/jJtl/at nomina. tur.Scribendum,nbsp;�w � Greets w.'casciKecvfjSjjoi nominantur, autpotius, quie �Grxcit

Kccr�K.�K�up�VH nominantur� Jta enim appcHiiri tJ^y�am docemui Itb.s. cap,}.cumdeuinocdtdcecMmenite:�oquimur.G Trans Apenninumnbsp;ucro ctc. Et Pliniui cdp.i}. db Apcnnino dd Pddnm/non inuenirinbsp;armdmfo�itidm^du{lore�.Qu,od/dl�imeffe,ufucomprobdtumeft^ Hnbsp;Genusaren�, quod dicitur Carbunculus. Cdrbunculusctidtnnbsp;cfl tcrrd^liniolib,i7.cdp,4,Degcinmd Cdrbuncitlaignordt nemo, Hoenbsp;autem drente geniufieri in Hetruridicx mdterid,qu�ignibnf ndturd intrnnbsp;montes inclufisperufld, itd redditd �t, ut Tophoi�t mo�ior, O' folidior'nbsp;qudm terrd non coUd, ex Vitruu�o'trddit Leo Bdpti�d . At memon id dhnbsp;cit,fedexmdteridqudddmimollioriTopbo,o�tcrrd�olidi�ri,qu�/ignibus-ndturd peruritur,fieri Cdrbuncu lum,

De calcc/amp; arena/quibus uarietatibus fint,et quas habe�t uirtutes,dixi,'fequitur ordbde lapicidinis expiieare, denbsp;quibusjamp; quadraca faxaj amp; cemenioruna ad �dificia eximun/nbsp;tur copi�/amp;comparantur.H� autemlinuenfuntur effe difpanbsp;ribusamp;diffirnilibusuirtunbu�. Sunt enim ali�imolles ,utinbsp;funt circa urbem rubr�,Pallicnfes,Fidenates,�lban� : ali�/nbsp;tcmperat�,uci Tyburcin�,Amicerninae, Sora�in�, lt;5i qu�nbsp;funt bis gcneribus�nonnuIl�Alur�jUti Scilice�. Suntetiamnbsp;alia genera plura, uti in Campania'ruber amp; niger tophus,nbsp;in Vmbriaamp;Piccno 5i Venctia(albus, qui/etiami�rradcn�nbsp;tata/uti lignum,fecatur. Sed h�c omnia quf mollia funt,hancnbsp;habent utilitatem,quodexhis/faxa cum funt exempta,in ope#nbsp;rc facillimc tralt;!lantur:amp; fi fint in locis teAis, fuftinent labogt;nbsp;rem ; fin autem'in apertis Si parentibus, gelicidijs Si pruinisnbsp;congcfta,friantur amp;ditToIuuhtur: itcm/fecundum oras marinbsp;timasab falfugine exel� diffluunt,necj perferunt �ftus � Ty�nbsp;burtinauero,Siqu� eodem genere funt, omnia fufferunt Sinbsp;ab oncribus Si a tempeftatibus/iniurias; fed ab igni'non pof�nbsp;funt elfe tuta,fimulcg ut funt ab eo ta�:a,diiriliunt 'Si difl�pan�nbsp;tur,ideo,quod temperatura naturali/paruo funt humore:nbsp;�emquodnonmultumliabent terreni, fedacris plurimumnbsp;Si ignis

amp; {gm's. Igitur 'cum 6c humor amp; tcrrcnumin his minus inert, turn etiam ignis^tadtu iamp;ui uaporisiex his acrcfugato penitusnbsp;infequens,amp; inrerueniorum uacuitates occupansiferuefcit,0Cnbsp;cfficit ea fuis ardentia corporibus �milia. Sunt ucro item lagt;nbsp;piddin� compluresiin finibus T arquinienfium qu�/dicungt;nbsp;tur Anician�,colorequidcm, quemadmodu Alban�,quagt;nbsp;rum officin� maxim�fun�circa lacum Vulfinicnfcm,iteminbsp;D pr�feAuraStatonienl�.E� autem/habcntinfinitas uirtutcs;

neq^ enim his/gelicidiorum tempertas, nec� taftus ignis/pos� tert nocere, fed funt f�rm�, SiC ad uccuftatem ideo perm anengt;nbsp;tes, quod parum habent e. natur� mixtione/a'cris �i igni Sjhunbsp;moris autem!temperate,plurimumcj;terrcni ,ira|fpiffiscomlt;nbsp;paftionibusfolidat�ineq; ab tepeftatibus, nec�ab ignis uchcnbsp;E mentiafnocentur � Id autem/maximeiudicare licet emonugt;nbsp;mentiSjquae funt circa municipium ferentis/ex his fafta Iapigt;nbsp;cidinis: namcf habent amp; rtatuas ampIasfaAas egregic^amp;rai#nbsp;nora Ggilla,floresc]g�� achantos eleganter fcalptos, quetumnbsp;fintuetufta,fic apparent recentiajUti/fi fint modo fafta. Nonnbsp;minus etiam fabri �rarijde his lapicidinisin aeris flatura for/nbsp;mas habent comparatas, amp; ex hisad �s fundendum maxigt;nbsp;mas ucilitates j qu� fi prope V rbem effent,dignum elfer, utnbsp;ex his officinis^omnia opera perficerentur � Cii ergo propternbsp;propinquicatem nccelTitas cogatex rubris lapicidinis amp;Palgt;nbsp;lienrtbuSj�i qu� funt V rbi proxim �jcopijs uti:fiqui'uolucgt;nbsp;rint fine uitfjs perficere,ira erit pr�parandum.Cum �dificannbsp;F dum fucrit, ante biennium ea i�xa/nonhyeme,fed �ftate'exgt;nbsp;imantur,amp;iacenda permaneant�n locispatentibus:qu�au/nbsp;tema tempeft^tibus co biennio taftail�ia fuerint, eaiin funda'^nbsp;menta conijciantur : c�tcra/qu� nonerunt uitiata, ab naturanbsp;rerum probata,durarepoterunt/fupra terram �diScata: neenbsp;folumeainquadratis lapidibus funtobferuanda,fedetiam*nbsp;in ccmcntitijs ftruAuris.

A Scquinir ordo'delapicidinisexplicare. Quandohocedfiite ln^idibtts�ertno cfl, t^uibusin liru^iurautendum ifretre nonpoffum,,

quit! deeo re�rdni,lt;lui e� d me Romte'multii locis Mfttt,qu�d prteHdt cS^ moditdtem,(y dntiquorum(lt;]uod fcidm)nemo meminit^ is grumofta eft,nbsp;ut credds multos codluiffe,colore/i{luo:titque leuitdteiciedit topho,ita ditquot;nbsp;ritic�cilefuperdt * Veluti�gt;ongiddlt;J^ddm bibit, redditguUdtim � Ud^nbsp;utuntur huiufmodi ipendentibuf ddpd�is Tyburtini pumicis glebis,ddnbsp;iiHiginemfjgt;ccwcr rofcididntridrt�reddendum. Occultiiettimplum*nbsp;beis tubulisierogdtd ftperne d^Ud,exf ruilt eo Idpidisgenerei�ntium �ronbsp;ttices, per inde/dfq; � tophis Idquedti ejj�nt, cr pumice uiuo.lh�M exu*nbsp;ddnt,mdgno j^e�dntium fluporacr ob!ei�dmento,SproHium uulgusno*nbsp;miiidt:�rtdjjcl}u�d inde ftilhe dquiC/tdnqudm exprimdntur, uel db af^erinbsp;tdte potius,quafiaf^ronium,�uc a�gt;cronium. enim proptergrumos,nbsp;isldpisifcdber.tiiirum dutem uidcri non debet, quodhoc loco cy dlibild*nbsp;picidinds dicdttndm IdpicitdindSlulidnuspdndeil.Lib.fo-de uerbor-figni�c.dtcit.Vtcrlt;^melius,qudmquildpidicind^nuUd rdtione, dut nonnbsp;falici neceffdrid�e metdthe�uocdnt,cum d Idpidibus ciedcndisappeUdtuenbsp;fint iqudSiidm ufurpdto Ldtinisuocdbulo, Grd:ci:ldtomidf,Z!rldtomos,nbsp;quildpidcsddiedijicideximunt,nomindnt. B InVmbria,amp; Picc�nbsp;no,amp;: Venetia,albus etc. Plintui Lib.js. Cdp, n. In Ligurid quo^inbsp;Vmbrid, cr Venetid/dbus Idpisidentdtdferrd fecdtur. Dentdtdm ueronbsp;dixerunt,qudwolliores Idpides ex�ccdntur. Udm alia non dentdtd fecdn�nbsp;fur mdrmord. ld quod expre�it Plinius memordto, n. Cap. Serra (ait) innbsp;pratenui lined pnemcnte^drends uerfdndatrdHuqi ipfo fecante. Ad hoc,nbsp;ddmodum re�rt,qud arend utaris; cra�ior enimildxioributfegmentiste�nbsp;rit,cr plus credit mdrmoris,mdius^ opi{s,ipfd fcdbricid,politurarelinknbsp;quit;mollior dutemleuius dtterit,e^ ueluti lingit,eoq-�politurlt;e dccommonbsp;ddtiorproximior^.illud quoque animdduerti,inter fecandum'a�iergi foanbsp;lere aqud'drendm.ne qua rdfitfius in libro de �cilione marmorum crpo�nbsp;hturis�cxplicdb!mus,quem librum'non inchodtum,fed abfolutum fir�,hdanbsp;bemus, in quo de lapidum origine^uantumingenio, cr udridmultiplici^nbsp;auHorum utriu�^ lingua Ic�ioneconfequi potui^ altius repetenstexplianbsp;eui, ex aqua neac terra mixtione in Itmum principid ilia prius, dc deindenbsp;in lapident duriierint ,quod quibufddm uifum cR ; fiigorisne an caloritnbsp;ui,Sobsq-dcnfatdradijsiconcreuerint, qua fententianonprolctariosobanbsp;pw�suehid/etduilores'.dn potius,ut rerum altar urn .�c Qrlapidumfintnbsp;ireruut

i rerum nuturaiinditii[:minii,quodalij exi�im�ucrunt. Prietercd deeoru ' colorituf, ex r^td corpuf:ulorum terremrum cum liquenti aqud confiifionbsp;tie wftnt,qti�len{entia'iucis uindices inuenit;dn ex innata feminis ipfiui ui,nbsp;ut alijs place t;dn potiuf'ex ccnccpta radij impre�ioncdd/int, non ofc�intnbsp;ter or perfiin�orie(ni�mccr Ci�tcrosjii[lo)di�)Utlt;iM. C Simulc^utnbsp;funtabeo talt;ftajdi(riliuntetc,Hoc'f�4mP/wK�cfilt;3ocdp.Tgt;b�r�nbsp;tlni(ini}uit)adreliqtiafirtes,uaporc�di�tliunt. D Circalacum Vulnbsp;finienfem etc, Plimjleilio'paulumabhdcc�diuerfa. Legedidumcit'�nbsp;put.iz, E Nequeabignisuchcmenria'noccntur.Pro,no�ff�nbsp;nocetur,utmfrdCap.�.Ldrtxdlgt;cdrie/Auttineanonnocetur. F Cumnbsp;�dificandum fuerit,anrc biennium ere. P/i�zjwLi/gt;.js,Clt;tp.2i,nbsp;P^emedium e� in laptde dubio,��atelt;eum eximere, nee ante biennium eumnbsp;infereretedodomitum tempe�atibui.QV�!exeoUfa fiterint, infubter-ranea�ruduradptuntur uttliui : queere�tterint, tutum e�iuel ccelo com^nbsp;tnittere.

DE GENERIBVS STRVCTVRAE, ET EA=gt; rwMj qualitdtibuf,modif^ac locis, C A P� V111.

* Q Trudurarumgenera.'funth�c, reticulatum quonpnco# ii' mnesutunturj�i antiquum, quod incertum dicitur. Exnbsp;hiauenuftius eft reticulatum fed ad rimas faciendaaideo pagt;nbsp;ratum, quod in omnespartcsdiiToluta habet cubicula�C co�nbsp;fi agmenta. Incerta uero c�menta,alia fuperalia ia�entia ,internbsp;fec�iimbricata,non fpeciofam,fedfirmiorem quam reticula�^nbsp;ta,prxftantftru(S:uram. Vtrae�autemex minutifl�misfuncnbsp;j'nftruenda, uti materia ex cake amp; arena'crebriter parietes �#nbsp;tiatiidiutitiscontineantur. Molli enim amp;rarapoteftatecumnbsp;finr,exficcant(fugendo e materia fticcumtcum autem fupera^nbsp;rit �e. abundarit copia calcis amp; aren�, paries/plushabens hugt;nbsp;nioris,non cito fict euanidus,fcd ab hiscontinebitur. Simulnbsp;autem humida poteftaslt;e materiaipcrcementorum raritat�nbsp;fuerirexuifta,tunc/calx ab arena difcedens'diiToluitur: iremej/nbsp;c�menta non polTunt cum histohaerefeere , fed in uet�ftatem-parietescfficiuntruinnfos. Id autem'licet animaducrterceti�nbsp;4cnonnullis monumctis,qu3e circaVrbem fadafunte marj},

more feu lapidibus qiiadratis,intrinfccusc�iTnedj'o calcata farduris,uetuftare euanidafadamareria, cemcntorumc� cxgt;nbsp;ufta raritarciproruunt, amp;coagmcntorum ab ruina difl�olu^nbsp;dsiunAuris'diffipanrur. Quodfiquisinolucritinid uitiumnbsp;incidere,medio/cauoferuato.iecundum orthoftatasintrinf�nbsp;cusiex rubro faxo quadrato,aut ex teftaiaut filicibus ordinalnbsp;rh's/firuat bipedales parietes,amp; cum anfis ferrcis �Cplumbo/nbsp;fronces uinft� fint. Ira enimmon aceruatim,fed ordinc (Iru�nbsp;AumopuspoteriteiTefincuitio f�mpiternum ,quod cubilianbsp;amp;coagmentaeorumiinter fefedentia�C iunfturis alligatan�nbsp;protrudcnt opus, neque orthoftatas inter fe rcligatosJabi panbsp;n'entur. IcacphoneftcontemnendaGraccorumftrudura: nonbsp;cnimutunturemolliccmento polka,fed cumdifcefierunt 3.nbsp;quadrato, ponunt de f�licc feu de lapide durocrdtnariam ,�inbsp;ica

Amiqili firuHunenbsp;imbricate!nbsp;figura,nbsp;qu�iincernbsp;ti muri dinbsp;c�ur�

ka(uti larcn'tia ftrucntes)alh'gant eorum alrernis corijs/toag� mentajamp;: fic maxime'ad �ccrnitafg firmas perSciunc uirtutcs*

A Reticu]afum,quo nunc otnnesutuntur.Retic�Idf�w opt� dieitur,cum c�mentd non ilt;icentici,f :d in Utuf ftantia ponunl ur ; ea. enimnbsp;ftru�ura retc uidetur refirre. Qudnquam njulto meliies, ft ctefis fiat lapidanbsp;dtbiKjac non potties rudibtts�lt;;:tr ntilgartbtes: Aut codtlibies laterctdis qndanbsp;dratis,fcd in angulum ftantibuf, ettiufmodi Romauidentur in multii rui�nbsp;nis ex Topho, parte tantum ^Ute extaretijjieciol'a ittj' quadrata, aut�nbsp;in interiorcm flruduram indcretur,temere'cr uu'garitcr duila. V^eticu�nbsp;latumopusGraetdt�lyotheton uocdt,uttradit PliniusLib,}0 Cap u.Sednbsp;Oquot; i�i'lt;r/KTUC�Ta dicunt,rctis in medum firuifa ^uafi canceUata,nbsp;M inAugufti Maufoleo,Grufftigifi palat^pi)tcij,^uodefinon ita^rc-

fra ras. Ortho�dt�drre�drid/iudcunlt;^�ntmdterid. ti^ncorum^ludm� ttisprocumbentium,mentio c� Lih. lo, Cap. , Lapideorum dutem rdtio/nbsp;if}telIigipoie�,�xTyburtiitila�i��/^ondiipontiumAdridni,Vdbritij,Qfnbsp;Ceflijj qudmu^ p�i^femidirut�. incidunturin h�icdnalei, in quoimelutinbsp;famindf, db'udqtudpidmceu njufculum inedticommiUdtur^icuitijmodinbsp;funtqud^regndntcsnollri�de�, pcrpetudd morte�di clUd� mordefidSidnbsp;tiilt;gt;rdcndo�ocdnt,comj�r(e�ibcet^en^, Hocdaiffn loco'interpretd^

7^ M. VITRVVn POLL, murprocrc�liscorijs,fccundnm(iu�cxcititndibipeddlespdrictes. Re�nbsp;wiflciMijfMr uer(gt;tntcrfe�ciufdem[gt;liinicorijl!tpides,anfisjimis,lt;iutiereisnbsp;potius.QuaniiuMer ligncit fectiriclis�ttoj�rShyrundmscdudtisuocat)nbsp;Cieraiz^ dmurcd p^rl�;ls,ueteresin dUigitiombm u(bi,ipfd operd docent�nbsp;Injiriores dulemldpides'cutH ['uperioribttiiconfinguntur clduisfor�ons:nbsp;nc�uniur. D Quod cubilia amp; coagmenra eor��. CMW�'funtnbsp;fedei ldpidiim,dutldtcrum^ E. S'cudelapide duroyordinariam.nbsp;Ordindrid ftru^lurd^mediie^lJntcredntjqu�|it � gudctrdto Idpide, ornbsp;^ujeex in�rmi c�mento, temere congefto^ubi ldpid:s/cr /tdd normdmnbsp;non rej^ondent, d feinuicem non dbhomnt,z^ ordine codgmcntdntur.

H�cautem; F duobus gegt;nbsp;neribus ftrunbsp;untur,cxhis'nbsp;unum Ifodonbsp;mum,aIterS�nbsp;pfeudifodogt;nbsp;m�appella#nbsp;tur. Ifodogt;nbsp;m� dicitur,nbsp;cum omnianbsp;CO ria i �quanbsp;craff�tiidinenbsp;fuerint ftru^nbsp;fta.Pi�udif� �.nbsp;domum, ennbsp;impares 8inbsp;infqualcs ornbsp;d�nes corior� dirfg�tur. Eautracp,funtideo firma,primum,nbsp;quodipfacem�raifunt^ifia amp; iblidaproprierate, neepdemanbsp;teriapofluntcxugcreliquorcjfedc�fcruanteam�nfuohumo Hnbsp;re,ad fumm� uctuftatcn),ipfac|: �orum cubilia prim�plana amp;nbsp;librata pol�ta,non patiuntur mere materia, fed perp�tua pagt;nbsp;rietum craflirudine/religatac�tinentad fumm� uctuftarem.nbsp;^tcraeft,quam vxTrXwTcj'appelIant, qua;ctiam nofiri ruftici

utuntur, Qgt;iorumfrontes(poliuntiir,reliquaS'ta utifuntna# ta,cum materia collocataaltcrnis alliganc coagmentis. Sednbsp;noftrijcelerirau fl:udentes,erefta coria locantcs ,frontibus fernbsp;uiunt,amp; in medio farciunt|fradisfeparatim cum matehace^nbsp;mentis,I'taltres fufeitantur in ca ftrufturaicruft�,du�'frontii�,nbsp;amp;unamedialfar�:ur�. Gr�ci ueronon ita ,fed plana col^nbsp;locantcs, Selongitudines coriorumlaltcrnis coagmentis innbsp;1 craflitudineminftruentesinon media Faciunt, fed e fuis frongt;nbsp;tatisiperpetuum amp; in unam crafli'tudincm parietemconibligt;nbsp;dant,amp;practerc�tera(intcrponuntfingulosiperpctuacrafl7i?nbsp;tudine utraque partefrontatos, quos lt;/l/��Tovevir appellant,quinbsp;maximercligando/confirmantpariecumfoliditatcm, Itac^/nbsp;fiquis uolucrit ex his commcntarijsanimaduertereamp; elfgcrenbsp;genus ftrufturf,pcrpctuitatis poterit rationem habere. Nonnbsp;enim'qu�funtc molli ccmcncoifubtili facie ucnuftafis,nonnbsp;ex polfuntlelTein iietuftatcminon ruinefac.IcacfCum ar-bitrianbsp;communium parietum fumuntur, non xftimanteo^quantinbsp;faAi fuerintjfcdcumcx tabulisfinucniunteoixim locationi#

precia,pr�tenroruni annorum f�ngulorum/deducuntoAo# g�finias,3ditalexreliqua iuinn)a,parccm reddilubentprohisnbsp;parie�bus, f�ntenti�cf pronundant/eos non pofle plufquamnbsp;anno�

Griecoru flru(lurlt;inbsp;ex diner�nbsp;�s Idteri�inbsp;hmac or�nbsp;namentisnbsp;inter Du�nbsp;tonos pernbsp;pCttMSCԻnbsp;tinentesnbsp;parieteSt

L annoso^luag�lta/durare. De l�rerirffs ucro,dummodo ad perdendifulum fint ftanfes,nihil dcducitur; fed quanti fucnbsp;rintolimfadi ,tanu eflcfemperoeftimantur ,Iiacj/nonnull/snbsp;ciuitaubus

8� M. V�TRVVII POLL, ciuitat�bus,amp;publica operalt;Si priuatas domos, etiam rcgias,nbsp;elatereftrudas licet uiderc.Et prtmumAthcnismurum,quinbsp;fpeftat ad Hymettum moncemiec Pcnteleniem.Item parietes,nbsp;in�delouis,amp;:Herculis lateritias cellas,cum circa lapidea/nbsp;in�deepiftyliafinCjamp;column�. Inltalia/Aretijuetuftumnbsp;cgregiefa�ftummurum .TrallibuSjdomumregibus Attaligt;nbsp;cis fa�:am,qu�ad habitandum fempcr datur ei, quilciuitatisnbsp;gerit facerdotium. Item Laced�monele quibufdam parietigt;nbsp;bus etiam piftur� excif�interfeiftis lateribus inclufae funt innbsp;ligneis formis, amp; in comitium ^ad ornatum �dilitatis Var gt;nbsp;ronisamp; Murcn3e|fueruntallat�.Cr�fi domus,quam/Sardi^nbsp;aniciuibusiad requiefcendum'3etatisodo,feniorum collegionbsp;Geru�amidedicauerunt.Item HalicarnaffipotentilTimi r�gisnbsp;Maufoli domus/cum proconneffio marmore omnia habegt;nbsp;ret ornata, parietes habet latere ftruftos, qui �d hoc tempusnbsp;egregiam pr�rtantfirmitatem,itate�:oriis operibusexpoli#nbsp;ti,utuitri perluciditatemuideantur habere .Nequeisrexabnbsp;inopia id fecit ; infinitis enim ueAigalibus erat farftus, quodnbsp;imperabatCariftoti. Acumen aut�eiusiamp;folertiamad�digt;nbsp;ficiaparandaificlicetconfiderare.C��eiret enimnatusMylagt; Onbsp;fis,�i animaduertiflet/Halicarnafl� locum naturalitermumVnbsp;tum,cmporiumc�idoncum,portum utilem;ibi/fibi domumnbsp;conftituit.Is autemlocus,efttheatricuruatur� fimilis.Itacpinnbsp;imo/fecundumportum,forum eftconftitutum,�per mediananbsp;autemaltitudinis curuaturam pr�cindioncmqpplatea�m�nbsp;pla latitudine fada, in qua media/Maufoleumi'ta egregijs ope Pnbsp;ribus eft factum,ut in feprem fpeftaculis numei etur. In fumgt;nbsp;ma arce media, Martis fanum/habensftatuam colofl�,quami Qnbsp;�xyoXjSoy dicunt,nobili manu Telocharis fafta. Hanc aut� ftagt;nbsp;tuani/alijTelocharis,alrj /Timotheiputantcfie. In cornu au^nbsp;tcm fummo dextro, V eneriset Mercurij fanum�ad ipfum Salnbsp;macidisfontem . Isautc falfaopinioneputaturuenereomor jnbsp;Viftcrt� bo implicare eos, qui ex eo biberint. Sed h�c opinio, quarenbsp;�ntif sul per orbem terrarum falfo rumore fit peruagata, non pigebitnbsp;�acis, exponere. M� enim, quod diciturjmolles impudicos ex canbsp;aqua fieri, id poteft elTe ; fed eft eius fontis poteftasiperlucida,nbsp;faporqj

DE ARCHITEC� LlB. Il . �i ftporcp cgregius, Cum autcm Melas'Si Arcuanias/ab Argi'snbsp;amp; T rcczencxoloniam commutiem co lod deJuxcrunr, bar!�nbsp;barosCaras amp; Lclegasiticcerunt.Hi aurcin�d monusfugati/nbsp;fe congreganrcs di'fcurrebant, �c ibi/latrocinia facientcsicrude'/nbsp;liter cos uaftabant, Poftea/de colonis unus'adeum fontcm,nbsp;propter bonitatem aqu�,qu�ftuscaufa,tabernam omnibusnbsp;copqs inflruxtr,eamcj exercendocos barbares alleAabacitanbsp;lingulatim,'decurrentes,amp;adca:tusc�uenientes,eduro)feroc�nbsp;more, commutatiin Gr�corum confuetudinem �ifuauita^nbsp;lem,fua uoluntate rcducebantur.Ergo/ea aqua/non impudi��nbsp;co morbiuitio,fed humanitatis dulcedine,mollitis animisnbsp;barbarorum,eatn famam eft adepta. Relinquitur nunqquo^

in feptetn Pn:��dcu �nbsp;litmundi/nbsp;dinumer^nbsp;bdnturytfnbsp;figurationbsp;hicixtat^

niani adcxplicanonem m�nium eorum fum inucftiis,tora, uti funrjdcfiniam.Qjiemadmodiim enim l'n dexcra partcifa#nbsp;numcftV�enenSjamp;fonsfuprafcripruSjicatfnfiniftro cornuirenbsp;gia domus, quamircx Maufolus/ad l�am rationem colloca^nbsp;uit. C�fpicitiir enim ex ea, ad dextram partem, forumi�i pornbsp;tiis,rnoeni�vf totaf�nitiojfub finiftraifecrctusfnb m�tibusla^nbsp;tes portus, ita ut nemo poff�nquidin eo geratur, afpiccre necnbsp;fcire, ut Rex ipi� de fua domoiremigibus Sgt;C miliribus fine ulgt;nbsp;Artemis lofcienre,ciu3eopuse(rent,imperare[, Itacjipoft morte Maunbsp;folijArtemifia uxore eins r�gnante, Rhodrj indignantes mu#nbsp;= licrem imperareciuttatibusCari�tociuSjarmatacIafiepro#nbsp;fefti funtjUt id regnum occuparent.Tum/Artcmifi�cum cl#nbsp;fet id renunciatum,in eo portu abftrufam clairem,celacfs rc#nbsp;migibus/amp; epibatis comparatis, reliquos autem ciucs/in mu ynbsp;ro cfle iulI�c.Cum autem Rhodq/ornatam clafiem in portuinnbsp;maiorcexpofuifientjplaufum iulTitab muro his darent,pol#nbsp;liceric^'fe oppid� tradituros : quitum penetrafient intra mu#nbsp;r�,reli�:is nauibus inanibuSjArtemifia'repentefofTa fafta,fnnbsp;pclaguscduxitclaflem'ex portu minore,amp; itaiinuefta eftinnbsp;maiorem, Expof�tis autem militibus amp; remigibus, claflcmnbsp;Rhodiorum inanem'abduxit in altum. Ita Rhodijnon habennbsp;tes quo fe reciperent, in medio conclufi,in ipfo foro funt truc�nbsp;dati : ita Artemifia,in nauibus Rhodiorum/fuis militibus Sinbsp;rcmigibusimpofitiSjRhod�eftprofeda.Rhodijautcmicumnbsp;profpcxiflentfuasnaues'laureatas uenire,opinantcsx:iues ui#nbsp;flores reuerti,hoftes receperunt.T une Artemifia/Rhodo ca#nbsp;pta,principibus occif�s, troph� � in urbe Rhodo fu� uifto#nbsp;ri�'conftituit,�neasc� duas ftatuas'fccit,unam Rhodiorum cinbsp;uitatis,alteram/fu� imaginis j amp; iftam f�gurauit Rhodior� ci'/nbsp;uitati ftigmata imponentem ;poftea autem/ RhodtjMigionenbsp;impcditifquodnefaseft/troph�a dedicatarcmoueri)circaefinbsp;locum/fdificiu ftruxerunt, amp; idtrefla graia fiatione texerunt,nbsp;ne quis poflet aipiccr e, amp; id �6�� uocitari iuflerunt, Cumnbsp;ergo tam magna potentia reges/non contempferint latcritionbsp;r� parietum firufluras,quibus/amp; uefligalibus Si prsedajf�pinbsp;US iicitura fueratjn� modo cjmentitiojaut quadrato i�xo, fednbsp;c�ami

tgt;E �RCHITBC. LlB. IL �j et�am marmorco habcre;no piit�roporterc I'mprobari, qu�nbsp;claterida funt ftrudura fafta �dif�cia,dummodo redtefintnbsp;perfeAa.Sedidgenusquiditaapopulo Romano I'nurbefie^nbsp;rinonoportcat.cxponam,qu�cf (intciusreicauf��Cratio?nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;.

ncsTionpr�termitrani. Leges public�/non patiunturi�iaio� res crafsitudines quam fefqiiipcdales conftituiloco commuanbsp;ni x�teri autem parietes, ne fpati'a anguftiora fi�rent, cademnbsp;X craffirudinecollocantiir:lacericqucro(nifidiplinthrjaiittri:gt;nbsp;plinthij fuerint ) fcfquipedali crafsitudine^n� poflunt pkifqu�nbsp;unam fuftinere contignationem.In ea autem maieftate urbis'nbsp;amp;ciui�infinKafrcqucntia,innumcrabilfshabitationcsopus

V fuit explicare.Ergo c� recipere non poffer area plana tantam multicudin�ad habirand� i n urbe, ad auxili� altitudinis �digt;nbsp;ficiorumires ipfaco'cgit dcuenire.Itac�pilis lapideis ,ftru�ugt;nbsp;ris teftacfis, parietibus cj mentiriis,altitudines exrrult;ft3e-'congt;nbsp;Z tignationibuscrebriscoaxat�,amp;roenaculorum fummasurinbsp;litatesperficiunt�amp;defpeAationes. Ergo/menfanisamp; contigunbsp;nationibus uarfis alto fpacio multiplican's, populus Roma#nbsp;nus egregias habet fine impeditionehabitationes. Qiionfnbsp;am ergo/explicata ratio eft, quidita in urbe.propter necefsita 'nbsp;tem angufiiarum, non patiuntur effe lateritiosparieres,cuinnbsp;extra urbem opus crit his uti fine uittjs aduetuftatc,fic eritfagt;nbsp;jj, ciend�.Summisparietibus/firuAuratcftacca/fubtegulafub# �nbsp;(� hciatur/altitudine circiter fefquipedali, habcatqtproicduras inbsp;coronar�jita uitari poteruntqu�folentfnhisf�eriuitia, Cunbsp;enim in teftoitcgul� fuerint frad�, aut a uenris deieAae, qua 1nbsp;id pofsiteximbribus;aquap�rpluere,non patictur loricateftagt; \nbsp;ceail�di latcrem,i�d proicAura coronarum/reticict extra pernbsp;pcndiculu'ftillasjamp;ea rationc/feruaucricintegraslateritiorunbsp;parietumftruduras, Deipfaauremtefta,fifitoprima'feiinbsp;uitiofa ad ftruduram, ftatim nemo (poteft iudicare ; quod innbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;*

tempeftatibus amp;�ftateiintcdoc�cftcollocata, tune fi firma eft,probatur. Nam qu�nonfueritex cretabona,aut parunanbsp;crit coda,ibii�oftcndeteffeuitiofamgelicidijs amp;pruinata�nbsp;da.Ergo quae non in tedis poterie pati laborem, eanon po#nbsp;�cft in firuduratoncriferendo effe firma, Quaremaxitne ex

uctcribiis tegulis tc�li ftrudi parictesifirmitatem poteruntha � � bcrc.Cratirij ueiotielim quidem ne inucnti effent. Quantumnbsp;j cnim cclcritat�amp; loci laxamento^arofunt, tanto maiori5C c5nbsp;muni funtcalamitatiiquod adincendia(uti faces)funt parati.nbsp;Icaq!fatiuseffeuidctuqimpenl�teft3ceor�infumptu,qu5c�gt;nbsp;pendio cratitior� effeinperic�lo. Etiam;quiiuntinte(ffori]'snbsp;operibus, rimas in tjs faciunt/arredarioru�i transuerfarior� flTnbsp;difpofitionc.Cutn enim linuntur, recipiences humorefturgonbsp;fcunt, deindeificcefcendo/contrahuntur, amp; ita excenuacitdiGnbsp;rumpunc tecSoriorumfoliditatem.Sed quonia nonnuliosicenbsp;leritas,aut inopia,aut im pendentis loei dcceptio/cogit, fic ericnbsp;faciendum . Solumfub�lruaturalte,uti�ntintaftiabrudercinbsp;amp;pauimcnto cobruti enim inhiscum funt,uetuftatemarcidinbsp;fiunt,deindefub�dentes(proclinantur,�idifrumpunc fpecignbsp;teAoriorS. Deparietibusamp;apparationegeneracim materi�nbsp;cor�r,quibus/fintuirtutibus amp; u{crjs,quemadmod� potui,ex#nbsp;pofutDe contignationibus autc/Sc coprjs earum,quibus c5gt;nbsp;psirentur rationibus, amp; adueeuftatem non fint infirraf,uti nanbsp;tura rerum monftrar,explicabo*

F Exhis unum Ifodomum,ctc.P/z�f��Liamp;, iS.C�p.n ��ex* pre�itGriecoruinftru(itir�^Graci(inlt;juit) �hipiiiedurojac �licenbsp;conftruuntluelutililteritiospirictes. Cumita/�cerint� Jfbjomum uocantnbsp;genui �ruilar�:At cu/n iniquih cr��dudineftruHu funt, Pfeudifodo*nbsp;mumiTertium^ell lt;imple{la!i,tdntimmodofrontibin politis^Kcliqud �r�nbsp;tuilo coUocM,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dutem amp; dd rent dttinet,eodem loco fcribitalter�

ndS codgmentdtiones fieri d�bere,tacQnimijJ�rds dntecedentiumi medij ht pides obtinednt,in medio i^uo^ pdriete,fires pdtidtur : fin minui^uti^ue lt;�nbsp;idteribiUftKdijspdrietibuifiur�lisfi-dfiiiCiementis, G Cum omnianbsp;coriai�qua crafsitudine�c.CorM, idejiordineslo�curfus^ Hnbsp;Sedcon(erua.nte^lin(itohumore.Scribocdnt,(liiidrefirtiirddmUnbsp;teridm^ I Sedefuisfrontatisperpetuum. FroiUdtnmldpidcnftnbsp;gui pertendit dd utrdng;�ontem pdrietiiiGr^ci Didtonon uocdnt, gudfinbsp;fxtentum dicdi^dlid� Didioranfid e^, penctrdntem. Suntenim dligutinbsp;tOdddntMnpdrtefi-ontdtit de guibufhic agituTf fient �ie nird^ purte fionnbsp;tdt^�

tatispdulopofl, quosiin muris refirunttale/e^uti tx Cap- quinto Lib-i. lia quet, tAiiior enim efl cra�itudo publicorum iirbis murorum,quimpriudanbsp;torump�rietum. K Inuctuftatenonruinof�. Scribenduminueanbsp;tufldttm,utfuprdhoc ip{b cap.Sed in uetufldtempdrietes efliciunt ruinoanbsp;fbs.HocetidmMimdduertendumcfl, tres negationeHuimdudrumhabeanbsp;rc. L Delatcritrjsuerodummodoetc. Totoiuigintifequenttinbsp;ucrflculosniutUdttiseflPliniutCdp'i4^'Lib,jf, M InlraliaAretioiucnbsp;tlittam egregieetc.Pliniui'MeudnidtHdddit, N IremHalicarnafnbsp;fipotentifli'mi rcgi'sMaufoli. Pr�ter locum flupiriut citatum,Plinbsp;niufhpcfcribitLib.3sXdp.s, O Cum effet enim narusMyla�nbsp;{is.Kyld{dioppidumCdri�,PlinioLib.;Xdp,i^� P Jnquamedia;nbsp;Maufoleumetc. DeNLdufolofl:pulchrodbArihemifiduxore,lAdufo,nbsp;lo Cdriie Rcgulo flao^zsquot; drtificibut,fl:ribit Pliniui tth.^s. Cdp.3. lAeminbsp;ttit (^StrdboLib.14. Q. M arris fanum,habens ftaruam colofli.

Colojjbs^ uocdnt molesfldtudrumturribus pdres ,du�lore Plinio Lib, J4. Cdp, 7. Annotdtum tfl rf Pomponio Gdurico.librode Sculpturd,fldctiittnbsp;eds, qu� intrd humdni habitus fldturdmfi�rent, uocdrifignd,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;f�giS�^ gt;

cubitdles,pdlm4r�sue,^ fiqu� effent hdr^ quota:partes : Dici dutem i. piiriles,cumeiusqui exprimiturft4titrdiniundiquepr�fentabimuf,ddri^ 5nbsp;benemeritis.dc fdpientibus uiris. M.dgnds uer� effe, cum infr/fefquidlte=nbsp;rdmfldturlt;econnnebuntur,dici:^iq^ Regibuf,cr imperdtoribtu^ficut mi -4-ioresfld efl,quie dd [efquialtcrdexcreuerintfoUs Heroibiu'. Mdxim� dut,nbsp;hoc efl, qudndo ter humdni corporis fldturdjcontinebitur, item^ ritrfus,nbsp;4c rurfuf,qudmuis eas fibi Romani crBdrbdrireges!uendicduerint:proanbsp;prie tdmenfunt Deorum, [itntq; Colo�i nomindtte,uel db dUiiiore ipfo.uelnbsp;db noxid radiorum effufione,qu�fierifoleteiufmodi moles intuendo, uelnbsp;�utiUeopindtur^�fliecubiisiuafld^intusinanitdte�denimeffeKoAov�ifanbsp;ff^^PtSed quid prohibet^pe non omniaicommumdcmusutilitdti)cr iUuddinbsp;iiingere,ftdtudsqu� dijsfiunt,uocdriii^asM,quie Hcroibus ^o'ava, qute )nbsp;regfbus lxv/'^ixvTas,quie ppicntibui, ��KtAa, qu� henemeritis uiris^nbsp;fe^sTEOl, R Nobili i}lt;anu Tclochatis faAa. Alias Leochdris,nbsp;UtinprooemioLib,7.CPdpudPli!iiumLib.}�.Cdp.s. S Isautemfalnbsp;fa opinioneputatur etc.Sd�macidis �ntis Cdri�,pr�tcruulgi fatten'/nbsp;ifimfibulofdm^t�atwam exp�Kdt 'Vitrui�ns, Strabo autemJ^ib, 14. dti/ai

tos re�tt�t,quihomiiium mo�itiem eamub d�re, Mt aqua fieri cxiflintdnf, non m ea quidcin,fed in diuitidf ui�ii^incontinentiam, cdufiim rdjcit^nbsp;quot;quot;t Epibatis comparatis. Epitrft�/iircw librisde beHo Aphrtcattnnbsp;Atexandrtno,dtcunnir cl^iar^milites.bic dicam Demofihcnem^ He^nbsp;rodotum,Kettophontem,Hdrpocraetonem,Po[lucem,Porphyriuin in qutnbsp;ftionibuiHoinericu,AppMnum,Suiddm,Qraltos. V Legespublicac�nbsp;nonpatiunturmaiotescrc . Plinius Ltb.fs. Cap, 14. de later itionbsp;waro /oijaen j,Rom�/no� f nnt talia lt;edificia: quia fefquipedalis paries nonnbsp;plus quant unam contignationcm tolerat : caution^ eft,ne communis trafnbsp;fiorfiat,nee mtergerinorum ratioipatitur- X Lateri tij uero.nifi dinbsp;plinthii .etc.ld efl duorum,auttrium ordinum l4terum,quiplinthignenbsp;c�dicuntur. Y Ergo cum reciperenonctc.Adaert�Rowdnrf�dinbsp;ficta!pr[ncipi()fiiiffeuntuscontignationis,poft, multarum. Z Et coma-culorum ad fummas amp;c. AlterutratoSenda eft uocula, pruepofitionbsp;ad,autpofteriorconiun�io. aa Ergomenj'anis/amp;contjgnatio�nbsp;nibus uarij s.MenMttie erant podia,pergultette,cuiufniodtfunt ea, qutnbsp;hodieita proijeere aftueutmus,ut mutulis(Coruos dicimus,ltali Modiglio^nbsp;nes)firmifttmisquiefi:anticrnitdntur � Romani uocabuloeoetiamhodienbsp;, �tuHfur. Grtci lorthas appellant, ut feribunt Tbeodofitu cr HotioriMnbsp;impp.Cod.lib.s.dcxdificijsprmatis- bb Summisparietibusftrunbsp;dura fcftacea etc.Hoc etiam monet Palladius Lib.i, Cap-1. cc Ha�nbsp;bcat�|ue proicAtirascoronarum. Coronicbtcdicuntur proteda,nbsp;fine proie�iimcis GalltS!L4rmerij uocantur, Bononienftbus!Grund/e, idnbsp;eil,promincntiie'cr neluti /uperciliaparietumiarccndis/ltllicidifi innenquot;nbsp;ta,quod etiam admonutt Budteus. Eamproie�urampaulopoftloricam tenbsp;ftaceamuocat. dd l'ion peitieturlorica, te�zcezetc ideft,teftaquot;nbsp;(eaftru�ura,ali�sloricaeftte�orium,utLib.7.Cap.t. ee Craticijnbsp;ucroiichmne inuenti quidemefient.Cr4tK^plt;trtctfslt;jppf�ij(lnbsp;funtab arre�ariarum, transucrfarum^ cannarumftrudnrain cratis mtsnbsp;dum.Sed locus hic admonct,ut femel complv�amur'^rcenfcamus^ pa^nbsp;rtetum genera . Sunt aut em marmorei, alij quadratofaxo confiant ,fiuntnbsp;er camenticifex infirtnibus, fed imbricum modo h^rentibw lapidibus^nbsp;funtteftacaexlatereigneperco�o , LAterictfuerocrudislateribus,idnbsp;i^tSoletvntumco�iStfiunt Crdfttif dignct^scratibus, antcannisfinmoquot;

dum erat if inferlK,conflant. forma^ei uero parictes/�unt ex terra, diili, au�ore Plinionbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Cap. 14.. quoniam �rmarum niodocircundati utrinlt;^

que duabuf tabtdif, in�rciuntur ueriuiqu�m inllruuntur. Locum hunt Plimf/emendauimui ex i�doro Lib. ^f.etymol- Cap.�.quifirmaiumr/iuenbsp;firmati^muocat,id genuf parietis.Vtunturcy fepiendis �ndisiuelhor�nbsp;tis,macerijs,idell, ex pur is ciemcntis j fine arenato parietibus, �t taaantnbsp;quod fcribil Plintus Lib. s, Cap. f. Uammanientesdomos falci montibusnbsp;fuis excifo,ceulapide conflruere^ey quod idem re�rt Ltb.7.Cdp.i.Pygnbsp;m�osicafasluasilutopennis^iC!r ouorumputaminibus, conftruere finbsp;qutdhuiufmodi�fcriptoribusmemoratur. ffquot; Rimasinhisfaciuntnbsp;arredarioum SCc.Dehis Lib.rXap.i.VitruuiuSt

B *VjL quoderitiantequ�flareinripiatFauonius.Vereenim' omnes arbores fiunt pr�gnantes, amp; omnes/fu� proprictatisnbsp;uirtutem efferunt in frondes,anniuerfan'ost� fruftus.Cumnbsp;ergo inanes �chumidae'tcmporumneccfl�tace flierint, uan�nbsp;fiunt'�C raritatibus imbecill� : V ti ctiam corpora muliebria/ similitudonbsp;cum conceperint, a f�tu ad partum /non iudicantur integra, eie^m �nbsp;C nccfinuenalibus(ca,cumfuntpr�gnantia,pr3eftanturfana:nbsp;ideoiquod in corporepraefeminatio crefeens, ex omnibus cigt;nbsp;bi poteftatibus'detrahit alimentum in fe, 5i quo firmier eff�cinbsp;tur ad maturitatem partus,co minuspatitur efle folidum id^nbsp;ipfum,ex quo procreatur.Itacp/jdito foetu,quod priusun alii#nbsp;udgenus incrcmenti detrahebatur,cQ ad dilparationem pro#nbsp;creationis eft libcratum,inanibusiamp; patentibus uenistt�n l� re#nbsp;cipit,amp; lambcndo fuccum/etiam folidefcit, amp; redit in prifti#nbsp;nam natur�firmitatem. Eadem ratione/aurumnali remporc;nbsp;maturitatc fruftuum flacccfcente fronde , ex terra rccipicntesnbsp;fadices arborumiinfefuccum, rccuperantur/amp;reftituuntuirnbsp;in antiquam foliditatcm � At ucro/ acris hyberni uis/compri#nbsp;mit 6c confolidat casper id(ut fupra feriptum eft)tcmpus.Er#nbsp;go �

, tur,materiescrittempeftiua. C�diautcm4taoportet,ut O VUterits incidalurarboriscraflitiido/admediammedullam,�irelingnbsp;quomodo qi,^tur,unperean}/exficccfcat ftillandofucnis � Itaiquiineftnbsp;jp j^is inufiiis liquor,cffluens per torulum , non padeturnbsp;emori in eo faniem,neccorrumpi materi� qualitatcm.T urnnbsp;auremtumficcaamp;finc ftillis erit arbor,derjciatur,amp;itaeritnbsp;optima in ufu. Hoe autem/itaeQe, licet animaducrterectiamnbsp;de arbuftis. Eacninucum fuo qu�cp tempore ad imum pcrgt;nbsp;forata/caftrantur,profunduntemedullisquem habenr in fez JEnbsp;fuperantem �i uidofum per foramina liquorcm,amp; ita ficcef/nbsp;fendorccipiuntinfediuturnitatcm.Qiii auteminonhabentnbsp;exarboribusexitus, humorcsintrac�crcfcentes|)utrefcunr,nbsp;�C cff�ciunt inanes casi�C uitiofas, Efgo/l� liantes amp; utu�/f�ccefnbsp;fendo non fenefcunt, fine dubioicum caedem ad materiam denbsp;iiciuntiir,cum ca rationecuratae fuerint,habere potcruntimanbsp;gnasin �dificrjs ad uetullatem utilitates� E� aureminterfe/dinbsp;(crcpantes,amp;dilRmilcshabentuirtutcs,uti robur,ulmus,ponbsp;pullis,cuprc(lus,abics,�i c�tcr� qu�maxime in aedificijsnbsp;funt idoneae, Narat�'non potcli id robur, quod abies;nec cunbsp;prcffuSjquod ulmusjnecc�terfi'eafdera habent Inter feznatu^nbsp;rarerumfimilitates:l�dfingula genera,principiorum progt;nbsp;prietatibus comparata,alios(alii generis pr�ftant in opcribus'nbsp;cffeAus.Et primum'abiesatirishabens plurimi��i ignis, migt;nbsp;nimumc�humoris(amp; terreni,leuioribus rerum natur� pote^nbsp;ftadbuscomparata,non eft ponderoi�. Itac�/rigore natural!nbsp;contenta, non cito fleftitur ab onere , led direfta permanet innbsp;contignatione.Sed ca,quod habetin fe/plus caloris,procrcatnbsp;amp; alit tarmitcm,ab eocp�itiatur. Edamc^ ideo celeritcr accennbsp;dftur,quod quae ineliineocorporetaricasa�ris pacens/acci^nbsp;pit igncm,amp; irajuchementem ex fe mittit flamm am, Ex ca augt;nbsp;tem/anrequam ellexcifa,qu3c pars/ellproxima tcrrae,perragt;nbsp;dices cxcipiens exproximitate humorcm, enodis liquidanbsp;cfficitur:qu� ucro/ell fiipcrior, uelicmentiacalorisicduftis innbsp;acra per nodos ramis, proecifa alteicircitcr pedes xx.amp; perdonbsp;lata, propternodationis duriueoaidicicureffe fuflerna. �nbsp;auteitt

autem/cum cxcifaquadrifluuijs difpararur,eicftotorulocx H eadem arbore ad inreftina opera comparatur, �ifapineauo#nbsp;I catur. Contra ucro qucrcus^terrcnis principiorum fatiecati^nbsp;busabundans,parumcf habens humorisamp;a�ris�c ignis, cSnbsp;in tcrrcnisopcribusobruitur jinfinitam habet �ternitatem,nbsp;ex eoquodcumtangitur humorc,non habcnsforaminum ranbsp;ritates,propter fpii��tateminonpoteft in corpore recipereh'�nbsp;qiiorem,fed fugicns ab humore'rci�ftit,amp; torquctur^amp; effici�nbsp;(in quibus eft operibusjea rimofa, Efcul us ucfo/quod eft otnnbsp;nibus prirtciprjs temperata, habet in �dif�ctjsitnagnas utilitagt;nbsp;teSjfedea,cn in humofecollocatur recipicns peniriispernbsp;ramina liqiiorem,eieAo afc�re amp; igni, operatione humid� ponbsp;te�atisuitiatur. Cerrus,fiiber,fagus,quod pariter habent mi*nbsp;xtionem humorisnSiignisamp; terreni,a�ris plurimum ,peruianbsp;raritate hiimores penitus rccipiendo,celeriter marcefcunt*nbsp;L Populus,alba;amp;nigra,iccm ialix,tilia,uitex,ignis �ia�ris ia#nbsp;M date atc� humorisdcmperatf, parum terreni habenresleuiorinbsp;tempcraturaconiparat3e,egregiam habere iiidcnturinufu/nbsp;rigiditatem.Ergoicum nonf�ntdur� terreni mixtione,pro#nbsp;pterraritatem.funtcandid�jamp;infcuJpturis commodam prjnbsp;fiant tradabilitatem. Ainus autcm,qu� proximafluminumnbsp;ripis procreatur, amp; minime materies utilis uidetur ,habet innbsp;fe;egregias radones; etenimacre eft amp; igni plurimo/tempera#nbsp;ta,non multum terreno,humorc paulo. Itacjquia non nimisnbsp;habetincorporehumorisjin paluftribus locisinfrafunda#nbsp;menta �dif�cior{�,palationibuscrebrc fixa,recipi2s in fequodnbsp;minus habet in corpore Iiquoris,pcrmancf immortalis adnbsp;�ternitatem fuftinet immania pondera ftrudur�, finenbsp;uitrjsconferuat, Itaiquj non poteft extra terram'paulum temnbsp;pus durare,ca'in humorc obrutafpermanetaddiuturnitate,nbsp;Eftautem maxime idconf�dcrare Rauenn�,quod ibiomnianbsp;opera,amp; publicaamp; priuata, fub fundamentiseius generis hanbsp;beantpalos, Vlmusuerolamp;fraxinuslmaximoshabcnthu#nbsp;�norcs,minimumcja�risamp;ignis,tcrreni temperata mixdonenbsp;comparat�: funtin operibus cum fabricantur.lent� 'amp;fubnbsp;pond�r�,propter humoris abundanuam,nonhabent rigo#

rcm,fedceleriterpandant;fimul autem uetuftate funtaridae- O' faft�,autinagroperfe(�t�,qidinefteisliquorftannbus, erfio p-ritur,f�untcj duriorcs,Si in commii�uris lt;5i in coagmenfatiogt;nbsp;nibus/ablcntinidinefirmasrecipiuntcatenationes.ItcmCar^ Qnbsp;pinus, quod eft minimajgnisamp; urreni mixtione,a�ris autemnbsp;�ihumoris'fummacontineturtempcratLira, noneftfragilis,nbsp;fed habetutiliffimam traftabilitatem.Itacj Gr�ci,quodexeanbsp;materiaiiuga iumcntis comparant, quod apud eos/iuga, (vyinbsp;uocitantur,itcm SCeamifw/w appellant. Nlon minuseft admfnbsp;rand�ide cupreffuamp;pinu,quode3e/habenteshumoris abun#nbsp;dantiam,�quamcj c�terorum mixtionem propter humo^nbsp;ris fatietatem in operibus folent efTe pand? ; fed in uctuftatcm;nbsp;fineuitrjs conferuantur : quod is liquor, qui ineftpenicus innbsp;corporibusearum,habct amarumfaporem,qui propteracrinbsp;tudinem/non patitur penetrate cariem,neqjeasbeftiolas4qujnbsp;funt nocenrcs. Ideocpqu� ex his gcneribus opera conftituunnbsp;tur,permanent ad �cernam diuturnitatem.Itemcedrus amp; iugt;nbsp;niperusjeafdem habent uirtutcs�� utilitatcs ; fed quemadmo �nbsp;dum ex cupreffuiS� pinu/reGna, Gcexccdroioleum ,quodnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;R,

driumdidtur,nafcitur,quo(reliqu�rcs.(cumfunt un�:�,(uti j eriamlibri)a tineis amp; a caricitionl�duntur. Arborisautem pnbsp;cius/funtGmilcscupreGeaefoliatur�,materies uenadireAa.nbsp;EphcG in �dc,Gmulachrum Dianf,�Cctiam lacunaria/exea,nbsp;amp;ibi)amp; in c�tcris nobilibus fanis|propter �ternitatem funcnbsp;fada.Naicunturautem h� arbores maxim�Cretfy�cAphri xnbsp;Larixar* c�^amp;nonnullisSyri�regionibus. Larixuero,quinoneftnbsp;torperfe notus,nif�hismunicipibus,quifuntcircaripamfluminisPanbsp;iiKombu = di, �i� littora maris Adriatici, non folum/ob fuccitiehementinbsp;�ibilif,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;amaritateiab carie aut a tinea non nocetur,f�d eciam flammS

ex igni non rccipir,nee ipfe poteft per fe ardere,niG (uti faxum infornacejadcalcem coqu�dam)aliislignisuratur;nec tarnen ynbsp;tunciflammam rccipit, neccarbonem remirtit,fed longo fpanbsp;cioitardccomburitur, quodeftminima ignis amp;acriseprincinbsp;pristemperatura. Humore aiitem amp; terreno materia fpifleibnbsp;lidatanon habens ipacia foraminum, qua/polGtignispene�nbsp;trftre,reiicitcj; cius uim,nec patitur,ab eo Gbi cito noccri,proA

Ea autc materiesZquemadmodu �t inuenta,eft caufa cogno fcere, DiuusCjfartum exercitu habutffet circa alpes, impera-tiiftoru uiffetq^municipii�spr�flare com meatus, ibicj e�et caftellumnbsp;de Lttrgi� munitum,quod uocabatur Larignum;tunc,'qui' in co fucrGt,nbsp;nocafieUo naturalimunitioneconfifi,nolucruntimpcrioparcrc, Itacp/nbsp;Imperator/copias iuifit admoueri.Erat aut�m antecius cafielnbsp;li portam turris ex hac materia, alternistrabibustransucrfisgt;nbsp;(im pyra)intcr fe compofita alte,ut poffet de fummofudibusnbsp;amp; lapidibusacccdentcs repellcre: tunc uerocum animaduer^nbsp;fum eftyalia cos tela,pr�ter fudes,non habere,necf pofle Ion#nbsp;gins a muro/propter pondusiiaculari, imperatum eftfafcicu^*nbsp;los ex uirgis alligatos/Sc facesardences ad cam munitioncranbsp;acccdcntes mittere. Itacpceleritcr milites congeflerunt. Poftgt;nbsp;quam flammacircaillam materiana/uirgas comprehendiffnbsp;fet,a�i,i

2 tocamolesc�ci'diflc^Cum autcm eajperfcexdn�laeflet/amp;rc// qiiieta,turrifcpiniada apparuifler,admirans C�far,iufl�tex�nbsp;tratelorum mifTioncm/eoscircumuallan. Itaquc timor� co#nbsp;adi oppidanitum fc dedidiflent, qujf�t�/unde effent ea ligna,nbsp;qu� ab igni non I�derencur;tunc�i demonftraucrunt eas ar#nbsp;bores,quarum in his locismaxim� f�t nt copiae,amp; ideo/id canbsp;ftellum Larigniim,item materies larigna/cft appcllata, H�cnbsp;autcm,per Padiim Rauennam deportatiir, in colonia Fane#nbsp;ftri,Pifauri,Ancon�,re!iquifcjqu3e funtin caregione, muninbsp;. ripijs pr�bcturj cuius materiei;li effet facultas apportationi#nbsp;bus ad Vrbem,maxime habcrentur in �dif�cijsutilitates:�i f�nbsp;non in omnibus, ccrtctabul� in fubgrundijscircuminfulas,'nbsp;fi effent cxea collocat�, ab traiedionibusincendiorum/�dinbsp;firiapericulo libcrarcntur,quod e�/necflammam nec carbo#nbsp;nem poffunt recipcrc,ncc facerc per fe. Sunt autcm ex arbo#nbsp;res,'folii�sfimilibuspini,materiescarumprolixa,tradabilis �*nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;,

ad inteftinQopus,non minus quam fapinea: habetc�refinam liquidam mellisattici colore, qu�ietiam mcdctur phthificis.nbsp;Defingulisgencribus,quibus proprietatibus/e natura rerumnbsp;Uideantur cffecomparat3�,quibufcf procreantur rarionibus,nbsp;ce expofui.Infcquituranimaduerfio,quiditaquodqu� in Vrnbsp;be fupernas dicitur abies,deterior eft,qu�/qu� infernas, qu�/nbsp;aegregios in �dificrjs ad diu turnitatem prjftat ufus, �i de his rcnbsp;bus,quemadmod� uideantunelocorum proprictatibusha#nbsp;berc uitia aut uirtutes, uti fint �onfideranubus aperoora,ex#nbsp;ponam.

A Materiesic�dcndacftaprimoautuinnoetc. Quotempoa re ni�feriem ctedi oporte{it,pr�ter ed qu� d Catoneferibuntur Cap. 17. Plinbsp;igt;iui Lib.is, Cdp.i�^.hunc in modum dit, Ciedi tempe�iuumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dccorti*

cehtur, ut terctes, dd tcmpldMerd^; ufus rotundi^cum terminant, dlidS' cortice inextricdbili, ZfT cdrte fubndfcente ei,mdtertdque nigrefccntCtnbsp;quot;^igndo- quibus duf^t fxuris corticcm,d brumddd fruoniumydut�pr�tinbsp;tienirecogdmur,Ar�iurioccdfu,crdnte(umSidKtd�}i^ou^imdratiotKfnbsp;M- iiji

So^it�. Cert�Conflantinutlmperatorfquiexutriuf^linguteii�fforh tits�y�wTfoviJV.wp id efi,dere rifiicagriec� bbros uigiittifcripfit. er Henbsp;ron.^Mt (tnteill(^otidem,uter^ Ltamp;.j- frrfdi�, cadendaminateriiim trntnbsp;kira� mcnf�bia Dtcembni^fnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;id^iLuno- iam fenefeente, zs- ftdt

tem abdita,Vegeiiut autem Ltb. de re militari. 4. Cdp.jj. 4 Sol/litio lt;g�i ualiidd cdlenddt Idnudriof. O' d xv.Luuddd xxiif.ctediprtecipit-Columelnbsp;Iduero Lib.t.Cdp.i.d.Xx.Lutid dd.xxx.Citdi.Liber Theophrdfli.f. denbsp;pldtUdrum hillortd,c}uicijuidboc cdpite de materie trdditur,dbfoluit ex�nbsp;adi�ime, B AntequamHarcincipiatFauonius.F4�o�(iMind�nbsp;pit flare ^sjdui Vebrudri),Pliniu� Lib.if.Cdp.i.ljb.is.Cdp.ifMib,i9nbsp;Cap.is.ColumeSdautemLib.iXap.i.dicit-rdduf. C Nequeiniienbsp;nalibus ea cum cre. Abler Vipidnuf lurifeon, Ponded � u'l�. �,denbsp;tdtltlio edido.Si mulier(inquit) pnegnonsbenierit, inter omnet conuenit 1nbsp;fanam ejje eom.Mdximum enimoc pr�cipuum munuf faeminarum, con�nbsp;cipere,dctuericonceptum . Subfertbit luflinidniif,Codicis Lib.s.de in�nbsp;dido uiduitdte. Mulierei(ait)od hocMura progenuit^ut partm ederentfnbsp;'O'mdximdeis cupiditodn hoccon�itutde�. Sedhocuolebatvitruuiuttnbsp;imbecillem e�e pr�gnantem, O' od munera obeundaminui aptam, ijuodnbsp;embryo! detrahot in fe abmenlum.Vlpidnutdutem intcUexibnon morbosnbsp;fam^ide� nonredhibendam � i^am cum e�et edtdumediliumeuruliumtnbsp;tit uenditorescertiorct�cerent emptores� (pad morbi, dut uitijjne�et,nbsp;rSfr� ^ui�ci�et,reimprobdtd, cogipo�etfhabere id quod ante habuerat,nbsp;Cert�qui pregnantem uendidi�'et,nec emptori dixi�et tdmen,edido coginbsp;non poteratiinincipium recipere. Id'redhibere dicebant; underedhibitionbsp;uocdtd. Sed quid bon� ualetudinicum conceptionefvt enim in idnatae �ntnbsp;foeminie/ut gignant^grauis non e�e non pote� in operis,non Udlida,nec dinbsp;camialendam e�itquod nafci pote�,multos annos,dntequdm ufui e�e pofnbsp;fit'. O' tiosfitantum partu capitur, quis metuere non po�it abortum, dutnbsp;in niKU mortemf^Hea pro�do fententid^nemoprtegnantempro fana accenbsp;peritydittmedudore,comparauerit. D Caediautemiraoportetinbsp;utincidarurcrc. PliniMLib.ts.Cdp.j�f.ea deranhuncmodumira�nbsp;dit. Circumctfdi quo^ ad medu�am blij no inutibter relinquunt,utomnisnbsp;humor�antibuidefluat.ldoPoUodiusuultLib.i.Cdp.tf. E Profunnbsp;duHteaiedwUis/qucmJiabenieu:. Circumf^ofiipite,o��bimonbsp;partCt

pdrsnodofdidurior^,��ernadbi tametufufternafcriptumefl, mendofe i�ud^uider�. G Imaautcmjcumcircuncifaerc. Ide�,ijuddri�nbsp;partita uenarum cur�t, (ut loquitur Pliniut} quiier fiuuidtam ob id A bie^nbsp;tem uocat.Theophra�iMLib, deplantarum hiftoria, traditjarborumnbsp;rtr^a'l�ous,hocefi,quddripartitiisdici,quibniinutranq;partem:meduhnbsp;be�itii uenarum curfmnatura contraria, pertendunt ; cPi^ o^iside�, bi�nbsp;partitas, curfum uenarum unum tantum in utranque partem medullage^nbsp;trercycofdem^ inuicem contrarias habere,fXQVoZoiis�ue�mplicesiappelnbsp;^ri,quaunum duntaxatucnarumhabentcurfum, TheodoriuGaz4(�nbsp;tfedimusUermolao ) uertit quadriuiuas,biniuiuas, er uniuiuas,quodnbsp;f�^a.?s��5,lt;ri|wous,o-AAXVo|�yskgt)J�t, mani�flo errore.. Idiniut-

dos,automnino�mplices, H EieAo torulo.inteSigopartesmedul� l�eproximores,quas Archite�i C auHoreTbeophra�o Lib.s, d�planta�nbsp;t'ivmhi(iorid,)aufirendas pracipiunt, utquod�gt;i�i�imummolli�imum^'nbsp;tttaterieifit,tantum relinquatur. I Ad intefiina operaComparanbsp;tur. Opus inte�inum , dicitur,quicquid materia, id e� ligno con�at, Knbsp;Tor qi K tur Sc ef��cic etc. Et Lib. 7. Cap, i .fcribtt^afiis qutrnosifimulnbsp;ati^ humorem perceptrint , f: torquentesrimasficere in pauimentis, Lnbsp;VI tex. AlidSi Ldtinis uocatur Amerind falix,Gritcis ayvos,qudfi ca�unbsp;�cds,abinfitd fei�cet ui�Vulgo,nomenclaturiegrteclt;e!ddiedd latinainternbsp;pr�tdlione,appelldntAgnumca�um, M Ignisamp;a�risfatiar�amp;;c,nbsp;Enuneidndafuntaducrbialiter,fatidi�er temperate, N Inpaluftrix

genat,ruben$,fi/?ililigno^cortict liutdo (y-fcabro, Alijproprij e/fegene� rifmaluitt^au�orPliniatLibiis.C�p.tf. R Sic cxCcdrooleumnbsp;amp;:c. Pliniodicitur Cedt'itleumLib. tf, Cap.ir, Cedria ctiiiim lt;tfijs,De eonbsp;{ilt;j!UorciCdpttttftDiDfcor�$o.Lib.fS Quo/fcllqu� resundaeerclt;nbsp;Cedri oleo perun�a materies,nec tineam, nec c�riem fentit,inquit Pliniasnbsp;Lib, is. Clt;tpj9 J Jem Lib.tj.Cdp.i}. ex/ententia Caf�j .Hemins, fcri^nbsp;bit,bbroS Num�itineiisnontetigilfe,lt;lu�dcedrdti�uffettl, T Arboanbsp;r es au t ci U s fu n t etc. Scrtbenduarb�ris, Poli�(in^uit)Cedrifunt ca*nbsp;pre�inisfim�U, V Ephefi�n�defimuIachruft�Di�n�.rcmpljnbsp;Ephe/t� Piian^te�umi�ajjiex cedrinis tr�bibat, c�nucnire inter omnesnbsp;au�ores, fcrAit Plinti� Ltlgt;.i'S.Cap.4o.De fimuldchroipfiufDexambinbsp;gi,c�terii ex ebeno tradentibas,uno Mutianouitiligineum finjji trddcnte,nbsp;VitruuiusCedrinumexi�imdUtt, X Nafcunturautcm h�arbo-res Cfc. Hoc etidm Pliniut Ltb,i�, Cdp.iS, C�drat,in Cretd, A/ricd,Sy=inbsp;rid,lduddti�imd. Y Ncc tarnen tune flammam etc. Ldricemnecnbsp;drdere,neccdrbonem�cere,necdliomodoignii uiconfumi,du�ores �untnbsp;Pliniut lib.tlt;s.cdp,io,er Pd�ddiat bb.i.cdp-tv Eiusreieumpericuluntnbsp;�cere aelkmVencHjs, monitut Vitruuij le�ione,l^e�dntel�uftri�tmonbsp;Kec(xndtemeo,Legatottvm dd VenetosRegio,nuncidd Paulum Tertiuntnbsp;Pontif. Maximum,incenfa ar�t, ita tamen,ut uidereturflammat dedigmtnbsp;ri,eruclle^edifcutere. Z Cumauremperfecte. Sichuiutlib,nbsp;capa-ufuteA.pojledearequietd, Infubgrundiis. Subgrundia/funtnbsp;tc�i partes prominetiores,ua appHat labotenus Pande�. Itb-fode uerb�nbsp;fignif.Vdrrofubgrundat,Gr�ciyamp;lt;rlt;xery^�yamp;o�ot. lt;ia Etfinonnbsp;in omnibus etc. Sertbo eene citra diphthongum,pro faltem, lt;Juod etiSnbsp;dKitur,dtcerie,idt�,Witi ovvyt, bb Haberquerefinamliquid�nbsp;etc. plmiut lib.ts.cap.to.Plufculumhuic erumpit liquoris, me�eo coto^nbsp;re,dtquelen[torc,nunquam durefcentis.Re�na dutem ( ut obiter dicam�nbsp;uiuentib�u pldntisdeflMt,t�da,piced,dbiete,tcrebyntho,larice,pinu. Mitnbsp;(erwucr� �igt;icof�6�nfKr, fluit pix,principi� liquida, poftedidcco�dfltnbsp;f�tcd,^^ cc Qu� in Vrbefupernasdicirur abiesjdeterioreft,nbsp;quam qu� infernas. Abies.dteitur fuperMS, � fapero (y in/�ronbsp;tnariiHtcapitefciiuentitrdditHr,

/VA. Alpes�iincxtrcmasHetrurieregiones/onuntur. Elus HUiMons, uero monrisiugum/fedrcumagcns,amp; media curuaturalpro#nbsp;pc rangeas oras maris Adriatici,pertingitcircuitionibuslt;�gt;nbsp;trafrctum.Itacpcitcriorciuscuriiatura,qu3eucrgitadHetru#nbsp;n� Campani�cj regiones,apricis eft poreftatibus t namquenbsp;impetus habet perpctuos a folis curfu . Vlterior autem,qu�nbsp;cftpr�clinataadfupcrumma��e,feptentrionali regioni fub^nbsp;ieda, continetur umbrof�s amp; opacis perpetuiraribus. Itaqueinbsp;g qu� in eaparte nafcunturarbores,humida potcftate nutritf,

non folum ipfae/augentur ampliflimis magnitudinibus : fed earum quocguen�humon's copia replet�/turgentes,liquornbsp;ris abundantia faturantur�Cum autem cxcifae ic dolatxW^nbsp;talcm poteftatcm amiferint,uenarum rigorem permutantes/nbsp;ficcefcendo,propter raritatem hunt inanes amp; euanidf, ideot�nbsp;in�dificrjsnonpoffunt haberediuturnitatem , Quaeauternnbsp;ad foliscurfum fpedantibuslocis procreantur, non haben#nbsp;tes inrerueniorum raritates,f�ccitatibus cxud� folidantur:nbsp;quia fohnonmodo exterralamb�ndo ,fedetiam/exarbori#nbsp;bus educithumores.Itacpqu�funrinapricisrcgionibusfpif'nbsp;Gs uenarum creb ritatibus folidat�, non habentes ex humo#nbsp;f e raritatem c� in materiam perdolanttir, rcddunt m agnasnbsp;C uriliiates ad uctuftatc. Ideo;inf^ernates,quf ex apricis loci s apnbsp;portantur,melioresfunt,quamqu3c ab opacis'dcfupernati#nbsp;busaduehuntur, Quantum animoconGdcrarepotui(deco#nbsp;pris,qu�,funt neceflari�in�dif�ciorumcomparationibus,nbsp;�tquibustemperaturis'ererumnatura/principioriim haberenbsp;uidcanturmixtionem,qu�cj! infuntinfingulisgeneribusUirnbsp;t�tes amp; uitia,uti non fint ignora �dificantibuSjCxpotui. Itac�/nbsp;q�ipotucrint eorum pr�ccptor��cqui pr�fcriptioncs,eruntnbsp;prudentiorcSjfingulorumc�generum ufum eligerepotcruntnbsp;iriopcribus.Ergojquoniam de apparationibus'cftcxplica#nbsp;turn, in c�tcris uoluminibus de ipGs �dificijs cxponctur Si

�93 M. VITRVVII POLL, primum de Deorum immortalium aedibus facn's, amp; de ca#nbsp;rum (ymmctrijs 'amp; proponionibus( uti ordo poftulat ) in fc#nbsp;qucnti perfcribam.

A Montis Appennlni prim� radices, etc. Tyrrhenum mare, infirumuocatur, Adriaticumucr�fuperwn. aaaAbieteslexApcnnininbsp;c4 parle,quie ad Tyrrhtnum mare protend�ur,aduehuntur,dictintur m*nbsp;f�rnates: quaautem td) ea, ijthtiuergit ad mare Adriattcti, eaif�pernatetnbsp;nominantur. B Augenturamplifsimismagnirudinibus. PnUanbsp;duM Lib.t.Cap. ly./cn6if,^ttlt;ecHn5j ex parte meridiana clt;eduntur,utilioanbsp;reseffe,quauerci:exSept�lrionali,proceriore!,fedficileuitari. C Idconbsp;infcrnatcs,quae/exapricislocisctc, Audoreft Pliniiif Lit.t#.nbsp;Cap.f$. inarboribusrobt^^ioresAquilonias partes; intotumdeterioretnbsp;ex humtdis opacis ^;�it�i�res!exapricis,amp;. diuti(rtiaf:ide� Romteiinfir�-Mtem Abietem [upernatiprafirri-

Az nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�1M n/*�n �lez^o

haberent fenfuSjfed patentes/ad conf�derandum.jVtinam ue rofrerum natura fententfam cius fccnta,rxp!icataamp;apparennbsp;tia ea/confiieuiflet. Si enim ita fuiiTec , non foium laudes autnbsp;uiria animorumiad manum afpjccrentur: fedetiam/difcipli#nbsp;narutn Icienti�/fub oailorum conf�derationc fiibicAar, non-incercis iudicijs probarcntur,fcd Si doAis �c fcicntibuszauchonbsp;ritas egregia Si ftabilisaddcrciur, Igitur/quonam hxc n� ica,.nbsp;fedi

ifcd uti natura rerum uoluit, funt confiituta ; non efficJtiir,ut pofiiinchomincsjoblniratisfubpcftoribus ingcnijs^fdentia�nbsp;ariificiorum pcnitusiatcntes^qucmadmodum f�ntiudicare.nbsp;IpfiautemarrificcSjCtiam fi polMceanturfuam prudcntiainiffnbsp;J non pecunia �ntcopiofi,fcu uetu�ate off�cinarumihabuerintnbsp;notidara,auteciam gratia amp; forcnfi eloquentianonfucrintnbsp;pr�diti,proinduftria ftudiorum lauthoritates nqnpoffuntnbsp;-habcre^utciSjquod profitentur fcire, idcredacum^^K�ne ati/nbsp;tem idanimaduertcrcpoiTumus/abantiquis ftattiatrfsj^pfe�nbsp;ftoribus,quod ex bis,qui dignitatis notassecumm�ndaeiK�nbsp;nis gratiam habuerunt ,aetcrna memoria ad.pqft�rftacetnnbsp;funt permanentes,utiMyron,Polycletus,Phidias,Lyfipgt;nbsp;C pus,cxteriqueiquinobiiitatem cxartefuntconiccuti.Nam^nbsp;quelutciuitatibus magnis,aut regibus,aut ciuibus nobilibus,nbsp;opera fecerunt : ita'id funt adepti. Atjquinon minore ftudionbsp;amp;ingeniofolertiaquefuerunt,ignobilibusamp; humili fortugt;nbsp;� naciuibusfnonminus egregie perfeAa fecerunt opera,nul^i

lam memoriam funt aflecuti,quodhi/non ab induftria necj � artisfolcnia,fed a facilitare/fuerunt deferti, ut Hellas Athcni^nbsp;enl�s,Chion Corindiius. Myagrus Phoc�us, Pharax Ephegt;nbsp;Cus,BedasBizanrius,etiamc� alp plures. Non minus item plnbsp;ftorcSjUti AriftomenesThafiuSjPoIyclcs Atramitenus,Ni^nbsp;comachus ,caEtcr{cp, quos,nec� induftria, necfarus ftudiura,nbsp;ncc� folertia defecitjfed aut reifamiliaris exiguitas,aut imbenbsp;cillitas fortunae, feu in ambitionecenationistontrariorun�nbsp;fuperatiOjObftitit eorum dignitati. Ncc tarnen eft admirantnbsp;�um.f� propter ignorantiam artis uircutes obfcurantur : fednbsp;maxime indignandum, cum etiam f�peblandiatur gratia c3nbsp;uiuiorum a ucris iudieijs ad faliam probationcm. Ergo ( utinbsp;Socrati placuit ) fi ita lenfus 5c icntenti�ficienti�cj difeiplinisnbsp;aua�,perfpicu3e,'amp; perlucid� fuiflent, non gratia necj; ambinbsp;tio ualeret, fed fiqui'ueris certiscj laboribus dodri nar�,pergt;nbsp;neniftentadfcienriam fummam,eisfultro op�ra traderenrur,nbsp;Quoniam aut�ta non funt illuftria, nec^ apparentia in afpegt;nbsp;AujUt putamus oportuifte ; amp; animaduertopocius indodo*nbsp;quamdodos/gra�afuperare, non elfe cerundum iudicans

CU tndodis, ambidone poriushi's pr�cepds edidsoftcndana noftr�fciend� uirtutem. Itaqucilmperatorin primo uolu#nbsp;nu'nc tibi de arrc,amp; quas habeat caiiirtutes,quibufcp diicipH^nbsp;nis oporteat ci�c audum Archiccft�/expofui, �c fubicci caugt;nbsp;fas,quid ka/caru oporteat eum effc peritG,rationesc� fummfnbsp;Architedur� parddoncidiftribui,finidonibusi^ terminauf.nbsp;Deindc^quoderat primum �C ncceflari�,de mocnibus,quemnbsp;admodt^ftigancur loei falubres,radodnadonibus expligt;nbsp;cqi,tt�rtficp�qui fint, amp; e quibus regionibus fingu li fpircc^do fnbsp;ft�Sniattonilkis grammicis oftendi,platcarumcf amp; uicorum,nbsp;litiemcndatqefiantdiftribudones,in m�nibus docui,amp;ita/nbsp;f�niti�ncm primo uolumine c�fiitui.Itemlin fccundo dema#nbsp;terialquas habeat in operibus udlitates , Si quibus uirtudbusinbsp;� natura rcrumleft comparata,peregi.Nunqin tertio de Deo#nbsp;rumimmortalium xdibusi�crjs dicam,amp;ud oporteat per#nbsp;fcriptas c(re,exponam..

PortuilTehominumpedoraetc. E�mfinten�-tiimitucidnut in Hermotino, Momoireprel)enlt;ientiin hoe Vulcanunt,tribuit. Ham cumfuborta effet internbsp;Heptunum, Viincruam,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Vulcanum, controuer�a,

Vulcanuifiomincm componit, Qijz ftatua^unus deligitttr Komuf. inrcli^uisoperibui multadamnaJfet,hcciinVulcani hominenon proba�nbsp;uit,quo J finc�eHelin peUorc additie noneffent, ut uideri poffetquid eeginbsp;tarct,ucritm!an�lfimdiceret. B SinonpecuniafintcopioI�-D/snbsp;uitie,crof�cinieuetu�at,adfiruntitrti�ctbutauiloruatetn, C Nanepnbsp;�ti ciuiraribusmagnisetc. Vclhinc difcenjonparumre�rreadco�nbsp;mtndationem, cui/opui tuum dicet, aut quo au�oreif�ctcndum recipias�nbsp;D Nobilibus/amp;humih fortunaciuibus. Eortaffemeliufalifnbsp;ffidices�gnobiltbuf, E VtHellasAthenienfis,etc,Mgt;flgrierBflt;ilt;�nbsp;fiatUitrioo-

DE ARCHITEC. L�B. Ill, lo� fldtturiorummentioicftiipudPlinium Ltlgt;.}4t Cdp.s.reUquoruw,^a�dnbsp;fciiii�,nonmeMttit. F Dcformationibusgrammids� lde�,dequot;nbsp;fcriptionibut,cr dtfi�tAtiombut ^u^pcr lined!�unt, 7$lt;�w*�hnbsp;lined dicitur,

EDIVM COHPOSITIOI CONSTAT ex fymmctn'a, cuius rationemidilfgentiff�menbsp;Architedirencredebenu Eaautem�pariturnbsp;aproportione ,quae)Gr�cc �vaxo/� dicitur,nbsp;Proportio/ert ratae partis membrorum in

ioz M. VltRVVII POLL, fnctriarum. N^mcjnonpotcftaedes ulla/finerymmetrbac2inbsp;proporttonc/rationem habere coinpofiuonis,niG uti ad hogt;nbsp;minis bene figurati membror�/habuerit exadam rationem.nbsp;Corpusenimhominisica naturacompofuit,uti oscapitisianbsp;mento ad froncera fummam 4�C radices imas capilli, cuct dernbsp;cimx partis. Item manus palma |ab articulo ad extremutnnbsp;medium digicum, tantundem .Caput a menrojad fumrriumnbsp;uerciccm,oftau�.T anturtdem/ab ceruicibus irais. Ab fumrnbsp;tno pedore/ad imas radices capillorum,fcxt�: ad fummumnbsp;uerticem^quartae. Ipfius aitcem oris altitudinisKertiaparseftnbsp;ab imo mentojad imas nares;nafusab irais naribus ad Gnetnnbsp;medium fupcrciliorum, tantundem; ab ea Sne ad imas radi#nbsp;CCS capilliiubi frons cfficitur,item tertiae partis.Pes uero/alurnbsp;tudinis Corporis fext�,Cubitus)quartae, Pedus itemquartae.nbsp;Reliquaqiioc� membrafuos habet commenfus proportion

DE ARCHlTEC. LlB. III. toj n�s,quibus criam antiqiii piAorcsiamp; ftatuarij nob�es uf�,mai�nbsp;gnasamp;infinitas laudes funrafTecud. Similiter ucroifacraruranbsp;acdium membra,ad uniucrfam totiusmagnitudinis fumma,nbsp;�xpartibus f�ngulisjconuenienuff�mum debenthabcrecom�nbsp;menfuura rcfponfum. Item/corporiscentrum mcdium'natu CeMfrwnbsp;faliter eft umbilicus. Namcpifihomo collocatus fueritfupigt; corpcritnbsp;nus^maaibus �i pcdibus panfis, circinicp collocatum centr�' umbdttUh'nbsp;inunibilico cius ,circumagendo rotundationemaitrarumcjnbsp;manu� amp; pedum digit! linea tangentur. Non minus,qucmgt;nbsp;admodum fchema rotundarionisincorpore efficirur ,itemnbsp;amp;quadratadefignatiofincoinucnitur. N� fiapcdibusimisnbsp;ad fummum caputjmenfum erit,cacj; menfurafl'elata fuerit adnbsp;manus panfasjinuenieturcadcm lat!cudo,uti altitude, quemnbsp;� admodumare�,qu�(adnormamluntquadrat�. �rgoifi

Ka natura compofuit corpus hominis,uti proportionibu�f membra ad fummam f�gurationcm eius refpondeant zeunanbsp;caufaconftituiffcuidenturantiqui,utetiam in operum per#nbsp;fedionibus/�ngulorum membrorum aduniuerfamfiguraenbsp;fpccfem/habeantcommenfusexadioncm.Igiturt�fn omni#nbsp;busoperibusordines traderent, id maxime in aedibusDeo#nbsp;rum, in quibusioperum laudes amp;lt;ulp�(xternjfolcntperma#nbsp;Here. Nec minus meniuraru rationes,qu3^'in omnibus ope#-ribus uidentur neceflariaecircjcx corporis membris college#nbsp;runtjUti digitum,palmum,pcdem,cubitum, SCeasdiftribue

* runt in perfeAumnumcrum,quem graeci T�Xutvdicunt. Per# Nunteritl fedum autem antiqui conftitucrunt numerum,quideccm di perTc�^nbsp;lt;itur;namque/ex manibus^fdenarius digicorum numerus,exnbsp;digitis uero palmus,amp; ab palmofpesefi inuenrus. Sicut aut�nbsp;in utrifcppalmisex artiailis ab natura decern funt pcrfedi,itanbsp;etiam Platoni placuir,effe cum numerumca re perfedum,nbsp;quod/ex finguiaribns rebus, quae apud Graccos dicunnbsp;*ur, pcrf�dcurdecufl�s,qu�f�mul acundecimautduodecim^nbsp;iunt fadae, quod fuperauerint,non poffunt efie perfed�,nbsp;donee ad alterum decufli'm peruenerintzfingulares cr.im res,nbsp;parriculaefiinreiusnumeri. Mathematici uero'contra difpu#nbsp;*lt;ntes,5:areperfedura cffcdixerunt numerum, qui fexdici#

tur,quodisnumcrusihabct partitionesfcor� radonibus/fof numero conucnicntes;�cfcxtantem,unum:tricnrem,duo:fegt;nbsp;mincm,tria:beffem,quem lt;A^/xe^�(llf diciinr,quatuor:quintari�,nbsp;qucm TrtvTaM�')�'' dicunt,quinc^;perfeAum fex.Cum ad fuppunbsp;tattoncmcre(�cat|fuprafexadiefto aflc,tftxT�v: cumfaftafuncnbsp;o Ao,quod eft tcrtia adfefta,tertiarium,qui \itlrinf dlci�urjdjgt;nbsp;tnidia adicAa^cu fada funt noucm, fefquialterum 5 qui SauoWnbsp;appellatur : duabuspartibusaddins/64decufljifado ,bc߻ke^nbsp;rum,quem \7riA'AMy�y uocitant;�n undecim ttumero^uod adgt;nbsp;icdtfuntqufncj,quintarium,qiiodt7rmvT�M�'flt;'*. Duodecimnbsp;autem, quod ex duobus fimplfcibus numerfs e� efFeftus, Atfnbsp;TrXwi'wva.N� minus cciam ,quod pes hominisiatticudinisfex/nbsp;tam habet partcm, iraetiam ex co.quo perfidtur pedum nu� Hnbsp;mero,corpus/hisfexaltitudinistei�minando,cumperfedumnbsp;con�ituerunt,cubitumc�animaduerterunt/exfexpalmisconnbsp;fiarcjdigitis'uigindquanior. Exco edS/uidentur duicates Gr�nbsp;t,ociu ota cor um teciffe, uti quem�dmodutn cubitusie� f�x palmor�,nbsp;fcuruiMl ira in drachmaquoc^co numero utcrentur.lll�enim�reosnbsp;de, Vule fignatosuda�es, ex aequo fcx,quos)obolos appellant, qua� |nbsp;Bad�' Af drantesc�obolorum,qu�(alijdichalca,nonnulliitrichalcadinbsp;fem^nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cunt,prodigid�uigindquatuor in drachmacon�itucrunt.

No�ri autem/ptimo decern fecerunt andquum numerum,6� in dcnario/denos aereos afles conflicuerunr ; amp; ea re/compOi?nbsp;fido nummi/ad hodiernum diem denarrj nomen rcdner: etigt;nbsp;amcfquartam eins partem,quodcfFiciebatur ex duobus alTinbsp;��nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;bug|amp; tertio femiffe, ie�erdum uocitauerunt. Po�eaquoniS

animaducrterunt/utrolque num�ros e�e perfcftos,�t fex �c dccem^utrofque/inunumconieccrunqamp;fecerunrpcrfediiri^nbsp;mum dccufl�nexis, Huius autcrei authorem/inucnerunt pcgt;nbsp;dem,E cubito enimfcum dempd funt palmi duo, relinquiturnbsp;pes/quaruorpalmorum.Palmusautemihabcrquacuordigii;nbsp;tos,itaefficituruti habearpesii�xdedm dig)tos,amp; toddcm af^nbsp;fes �reos/dcnanus� Ergoiii tonuenit/ex arriculis hominislt;nugt;nbsp;mcrum inuentum cfTc, amp; ex membris feparaiis/ad uniucrfamnbsp;corporis fpeciem,rar�partiscommenfus fieri refponfumi renbsp;linquitur,utfuldpiamus�os,quitedam fdcsDcorum immornbsp;taliuin

talium conftitucntcs, tta membra operum ordigt;nbsp;nauerunt, ut proportionnbsp;nibusamp;fymmetrijsfepanbsp;fat�fatcg untuerf�jconuenbsp;nicntes cfficerentur eor�nbsp;diftributiones. Aediumnbsp;gt;utc principia(�nt,equinbsp;busiconftatfigurar� afpcnbsp;�us,amp; primumiin antis,nbsp;^UOdgraece v��(f tvirapas-annbsp;rlt;� dicitur,deinde proftynnbsp;los,amphiproftylos, pennbsp;ripteros , pfeudodipte nnbsp;roSjdipteroSjhypjtliros.nbsp;Hor� �xprimuntur fornnbsp;naatiorcsjhisrationibus,nbsp;� In antis erit fdeSjCiim lianbsp;bebit in fronte�antas pannbsp;rietiim , qui'cellam cirnnbsp;cumcludunt,�i inter annnbsp;tas)in medio columnasnbsp;duas,fupraqueifaftigiumnbsp;lyttimetria eacollocat�,nbsp;quae;in hoc libro fueritnbsp;P pcrfcripta. Huiusautcmnbsp;exemplarlerit ad tres Fornbsp;tunas,ex tribus, quod eftnbsp;proximc portam Collinnbsp;nam, Proftylos�omnianbsp;habet, quemadmodumnbsp;*n antis, columnasaut2nbsp;f�tra antas'angulares dunbsp;as,fupracflepiftylia,qucnnbsp;admodum8�inantis,6cnbsp;H dcxtraac finiftra�inuerfu

ris fingula. Huius cxemgt; plar'eft in infula Tyberigt;nbsp;na, in �de louis Si Faunf,nbsp;Amphiproftylos/omnianbsp;habet ea qu� proftylos,nbsp;practereac� habet in po gt;nbsp;�icoiad eundem inodumnbsp;columnas �i faftigium,nbsp;Periptcros autcm crit,nbsp;qu�habebit in fronte �inbsp;poftico'ienas columnas,nbsp;in lateribuscum angularnbsp;ribusiundenasjita ut fintnbsp;h� column� collocat�,nbsp;ut intercolumnijiatitudt�nbsp;nis interuallumifita parienbsp;tibus circ� ad cxtremosnbsp;ordines columnarum,hanbsp;bearc^ ambulacionem cirnbsp;ca cellam aedis, qucmadjS

modum eftin ponicu Metellijlouisftatoris,Hermodi,amp;ad $ Mariana/Honoris amp; Virtutis, f�ncpoftico aMutio fada.nbsp;Pfeudodipterosaurcm/ficcollocatur,utin fronte amp;poftico'nbsp;fint column� odonj, in latcribus'cum angularibusquindonbsp;n�. Suntautem parietes ccil�contra quaternascolumnas Tnbsp;tnedianas in fronte amp; poftico � Itaiduorum intercolumnior� inbsp;amp; im�crafsitudinis column^ ipacium, crit a parietibus circanbsp;adcxtremosordincscolumnarum. HuiuscxemplumRo#nbsp;m� non eft,fed Magncf��/Dian� Hermogenis Alabandi, amp;nbsp;Apollinis Amncft� fada. Dipteros autem odaftylosi�inbsp;pronao amp; poftico , fed circa �demiduplices habet ordines conbsp;Iumnarum,utt eftjdes Qi.iirinidorica,amp;Ephefi�Dian�ioni Xnbsp;ca,a Ctefiphonte conftituta. Hypethros uero decafiylosieft ynbsp;inpronao amp;poftico. Rcliquaomniaeadeinhabct,qu�di�nbsp;pteros ,fed interiore partc/columnas in altitudine dupliccs/rcisnbsp;Biotas a parietibus ad circuitioncm (ut porticus}periftylio#2nbsp;lum�

Peripteri fimtiaoKHnbsp;ti ichno�nbsp;graphic,nbsp;ex qua lainbsp;totiutadisnbsp;orthogritnbsp;phiami�dnbsp;ci�me penbsp;riti Archinbsp;tc�i perfinbsp;uenirepo^

rum. Mediumautemifubdiuoeft�neteftojadnuscjualua# -rum exurraquepartc/inpronaoSipofiieo.Huiusautemexgt; cmplanRom� non eft, fed Athcnis/odaftylos, in templo Io p*nbsp;uis Olimpij.

A Aedium compofitio conftat exfymmetria , Symmetrid^ nonhjbet nomenldtinum,au�orePlpitoLib,Cap.s. vitruuimihocnbsp;cdpiteuideturcommenfum trdn[iuliffe. Earn primus ufurpduitEuphrd*nbsp;nor,utfmbit Plinius Lib. }f,Cdp,tt, Ejl diitem pdrtium ddnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;pdr

tium dd uniuerfum corpus/refponfut, Co�dtq^numero certopdrtium,tit in corpore,qudiS ftminuer�,dut duxeris,peribit condnnitM;Qudntitdte,nbsp;id efl proportionelongitudiniijdtitudinisnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dltitudinis ; er collocdtione:

ndmfuo loco po/itie partes, uenufldtem ddfirtint.dlieno non decenti, mirumqu�m ofjindunt. Adeo oportetiomnid rclj}ondere,[ummd imis,nbsp;dextrd /tniftris,ne ^uid �tin�rme,Ardud pro�do res, tdm udrids, tarnnbsp;dtjjgt;drcs pdrtes,itd cottocare tumen, ut in orgdnotnon fit grdtior concentnbsp;tusdifeordid illd�dtum concordi,qudm obleUdt in flruHurd,grdtd parti*nbsp;um,(^ uniuerpemolisicommodulatio - B Vd os capitis a mento.nbsp;etc,Pomponiui Gauricus lib, de fculptura, hominis iu�am ait altitudine,nbsp;nouemcjjecapitum,id e�,nouieslt;piantum fit � mento imoad imum capil*nbsp;lum,idq} in adultis duntaxat; pueroruiwaut infintium. longitudinem, nifinbsp;quatuorconflareficiebus. Nondcf�erunt,quiinnouem partes zyuniutnbsp;terti�,hominis corpus par tient es ( cuius reiiaudatauilorem Varronem)nbsp;con�ituant partem unam� mento ad radices imas capillorum, dudsia f tmnbsp;mo peHore ad umbilicum,ab hodad genitalia unamf ab i�isper �mora ainbsp;genu duos, in�agenu per tibias ad mdlleolosiduas,Rur[us/unius tertiam,nbsp;� radicibiiscapiUor umlad uerticem�atuunt, tantundemi mentolad [um*nbsp;mumpc�us,Epigonatidifiuemyl�,qudiiun��uramfimorise:^tibiieope�:nbsp;rit,tantundcmtribuunt,�ma�eolis ad plantam pedis tantundem tut fit �nbsp;mento ad ucrticemfeptima totius corporis,afummopeilore'ad imas radinbsp;CCS capillorum,tantundem,ad fummumuerttcempaululumfuprafextam-Quod autem dpudeumfcriptumlegimus,quartieef]epartisii �ummope*nbsp;H�re aduerticcm�d qutdemfiagnofcimusCquodficcrunt Lucas � Eurgonbsp;fdcerdosflib,de diuina proportione, z?quot; tiarius Aquicolaide amoris natunbsp;ra Libfi-

DE �RCHITEC, LIB. HL top ra}LiTgt;-2..immemorVitruuiui!tatttu fiatuetad uerticem dradiabut, ^uannbsp;turn d ntentoidd hdf ipfdt, cum tdmen oftendcrimu^non effe dut interudUinbsp;uelt�rtidmpd�tcm.Eftitdqucnonqudrtd,fedpu/t�uminfrd quintamtnbsp;Scd or cubitum^um dtcit cffe quarts pdrtK,dccipit/non ut cittcri fir�au�nbsp;tores, 4 iunHurd brachijidd carpti �ue brachidle ,fed ad fummiim longipinbsp;�mum digituwt Pcilus dut�quomodo quartieeffepo�it,nonuideo. Nawnbsp;� dd Hid ufque metimur, breuiuf ent qudrta ;�dd pudenda, longiui critnbsp;qudm{upenorpars,quamdiximuteffe in�aquintdm. Quod uerodd Id*nbsp;�tudinem corporis attinet,itd fer� �atui uidco, ut �t peiiusfext�,'Brdchinbsp;erum unumquodq;ltantundem,cubiti duo duarum feptimdrum,^' co dm �nbsp;plius pti�llum,dmb� manus duarum decimartvm,�quidcm corporis �t denbsp;cimd pars id mento adfummamfrontem, Animaduerti enim in nobil�imisnbsp;ftdtuis,Ldocoontis,ApoUinis,Veneris,cr Cleopdtrie,qu�in Vaticano Ponbsp;tific urn hortoddferudntur, dtq^ adcoHn omnibus quds pulcherrimas inVrnbsp;beuidimus�ongiorese�emattusametdcdrpioadexiremumlongi�imuntnbsp;digitum, quim �tdmentolad �ummdm�ontem. videbdntpriefldnti�iminbsp;arti�ces, gracilitate sty acce�ione ea, adferri uenu�atem. Et miru quamnbsp;po�eri�mo anliqui fculptores,graalioribus �nt modulis dele�ati. Adcoinbsp;ttirginalis teneritatis, er fubtihtatis membrorum imitdtio, e�r�us red�nbsp;pit ornatu ueni�iores, Qupmodocunque id �et,curdndum efl^ut expd�ienbsp;manusfipfamcorporislongitudincmiequent. Cdterum'uniuer�dspen�nbsp;partium omniutnhominisifymmetridf,colldtiones^ ad inuicem,copio�utnbsp;docuit Albertus Durerutpi�or in�gnis,[criptode fymmetriacorporisnbsp;humaniiuolutnine^Etnos�rtdffercliquadliqudndo trademus. C Cir�nbsp;ciniquecollocacurncentrum. Centrum,pro alterocircinicrurei,i,nbsp;didume�jpcdcmincircinoimobilcmcyimmobilemdppcHdmus. Quodnbsp;expre�it Ouidius �tictamorpbotLib.s, his uerbis, de Tdlo Dtedali foroii.nbsp;ris�lio loquenSt

� Et fx unoduo �rrea brachia nodo' iunxit,ut lt;equdli�gt;dcio di�antibus ip�sinbsp;Altera pdrs�dret,pars alter diducerel orbem.nbsp;Hoc Hf ro /ocoi'non omittendurn duco^ exueteri marmore, quod Pom^iinnbsp;horto Angelt Coloiij iii�lur, didici�e nos �, duo etiam dntiquislfiul� circ�nbsp;Vigt;ttumg(nera:unum,eorumquircdiscy'rgt;^:nttbuscruribustco�arentt..

Alterum,eoritm/^ui utdgi uari�e ( ut itu dicum) effent, hoe e�, qui cruris hm effent extrorfmn incuruis,ffueintrorfutn flexis.illorum ufmiquis fittnbsp;nemo non nouif.horum itutem,foli artifices vtuntur itaqueiin dimetien�nbsp;da flantium columnarum cra�itudinefin circinand� �iraru partibm quanbsp;f^ugiunt, uti fun t fcotia'cr ear um qua�nbsp;dra, atque ade�/quiequid huiufmodi e^l,nbsp;Vtrorum^figuroffiubtunxi.D Namnbsp;fi a pedibus imis 'ad fummum ca�nbsp;putmcnfumcn't. Et Plinius Lib. 7,nbsp;Cap.tr. crSolinus Cap.f,au�lores[unt,nbsp;quod fit hominum ffiacium M uef�tgioadnbsp;uerticem,idicffegt;fparfismanibus inter Ionnbsp;gifiimos digitos,Et nosahquando exper�nbsp;tl fumusfquanquam noncontinu�idue�nbsp;rum credi oportet, quandoquidem monnbsp;omnium corporiumfyncerus cr probutnbsp;tfimembrorumad unierfam compofitionbsp;uem commenfifsiey commodulatio ? Enbsp;Quae adnormamfuntquadrar�,nbsp;ld eiliquatuor aqualium laterum o- angunbsp;lorum,nam exigunlur ad nor mam angul�nbsp;F PerfeAumautemannqui con�

fii�tfcrunt etc. Perf��ionis numerorumiuaria e� con�deratio apud Kartianum Capetlam ltb.7,is e� de Arithmetica tfunt ettaquadamnpudnbsp;*�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Bapt,AlbertumLib,9.cap�.e:y� Hlacrobiumiin fomniuScipionis-Quod

(Wtemiad denartum numerum attinetffege Arifiotelem problematufe�ioquot; nedecimaquinta- G Duabusparribusaddin's, 8c deeuffi ere,nbsp;, Beff�mVarront placet di�iii� dempto triente,quod,ut iffj�m eff�ciat,trientnbsp;'/defit.Sext.Pompeius mauult, qu�d bis triensfit. itaq^idenariu numerumnbsp;appeUabant besal[erum,quod ex fenario(quemperfi�lum or uelutiaffemnbsp;. exiffimabant)(^quat�rnario,quibefiishabebatur,componcretur, Kamnbsp;Pompeius alio loco/lignum besalterum did ait, pedem/cr beff�m lati�nbsp;tudinishabens,Credotquodquemadmoduminfe�ertioifemiserattertius^nbsp;it�tin�u[mpMn(un(ro,bes!�ffetult(rtbocefi[tcund(ift�Exeociuodnbsp;perfici�

perficiturped�numero - ScribenJumguo. I Quadrantesque obolorum, qu� alij/dichalca,etc. Senbitluliuf PoUuxlAb,^,nbsp;drlt;uhi�aingt;obolos fex habere, diehalcon autemloboli effe quadrantem, idnbsp;t� partem quartam-idemicbohtm oHo habere chalcos uult^ Pliniuf auletnnbsp;Lib.zi,eap,ultimo,dicit decern. K Etindcnario,etc.AJrtcPgt;rrfc��inbsp;Negern deu��,ut memitti me legere apud Plinium Lib .f3. Cap.j. libra�nbsp;Ik dipondiiK appendebatur a�is i Po�ea pla�ait denarimpro dee� Itbriinbsp;areK,quinariiKpro quirtq^/eftertmmpro dipondio cr femt�i(nam Vlt;tranbsp;ro cr Sext.PomponMfe�ertium diilumprodunt, quodfemis tertiusfittnbsp;hoc e�,quod ualeat duos a�esiQr femil�m)T)eindeia�esuncial�s�dli, zynbsp;denariaafcdecim a�ibuf permutatuf,fe�ertiumaute!quaternK, L Palnbsp;rnusaufcm/habetquatuor digitos. Palmusduplexel�etraditurfnbsp;minordigilorum quatuor,quigrac�f7rx7iaiSH dicitur, Gr maiorfduode�nbsp;cim digitorH,� Greets uocatus.PliniiK Lib.rXap.t-dodransnbsp;tem trans�rt, id e^,quantum cR l}gt;acijinter expanfjsfummum poOtcetn inbsp;minimum digitum, Sed GrLib.it, Cap.7-de Trtpolto loquens, palmu/nbsp;alto cauleait,quod Diofco.dicitgt;tix.\gt;7^oiJ (ari^afa.ciiop�de� dodranta�nbsp;km.Etde AnthylUdeLibit.Cap.i^.D.HieronymiK cap'Ezechielis.4Otnbsp;fcribit (STi^xp.�bdici palmam, -JcxAaislji} uero'palmum. M. E t to�nbsp;tidem afles �reus denarius. qboJ denariufi�terit aureus,aut ar�nbsp;genteuSfUtexPlinij librijt.cap.f.didicimis, pro lercusfcribo lereos, utnbsp;re�raturada�es. N Aediumautemprincipiafuntetc.Scpt��nbsp;plextemplorum ratioihic fcribitur, in para�adibus, id c� in antii,pro�y nnbsp;los,amphtprD�ylos,peripteros,pfeudodipteros, dipteros cy hypatkrosinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�

qui nominaipropter appendices acceperumt. Nlt;tm i/Ir, aut in antico fiolo, id e��onte i�ue pronao cettie,adijciuntur, aut in �onte pariter crnbsp;poHico,aut ipfa tota ce�a obfepitur.id antiSjautcolamnis perficiiur, hof/

Ay � Grieci,antas''n'Oi^(i5ocJ^ci^murumimodo 7r[iS^x,modo'rff fscuocant. ApudStrabonemLib.tr.cnmloquitur deperuetulio tcmplo ~nbsp;quod crat Heltopoli, reperia, pteromata diciimuros aqu� altos, ex utralt;^nbsp;pronaiparte ad templorum altitudinem[urgentes, Sed illam quoque quanbsp;fit columnis tediumcircumuallattonem,cr poti�tmum in clt;et�elatcribuffnbsp;pteromatos nomine intellcxit Vitruuius, quod alarum f�eciejqua� proie*nbsp;Vndc peripteroitiedcmuocatfCuiiK ceHaiuno tantum columnar umnbsp;orditte

ordine cingitur;Diptero)t,lt;iUie duplicibutiPfeudodipteron, in qutifubld* to dlptcrI generts 111 ter lore column�rum ordine,relinquitur ambulationisnbsp;circa cellamilaximentum. Ndm monopteron Libro 4. Cap .7-dicit rotun�nbsp;dam.ce�i carentem, er columnis/pro muro obfiptatnProflyton autem,nbsp;nominat in fronte folumcolumnatam : Ampbipro�ylon uero utrimq;, idnbsp;cilinfi-onteerpoflicofcolumnaihabentei�� Geuits^dium in antisfierinbsp;�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;exifiimauit Harmolam, antifper ambitum templi lexlra parietcsadhibi^

tis.vitruuiiiscert�,non nifiexfronteita appe�auit, Hyplt;ethri uocabulS, fatis indicat:cwufmodiiedes ejjet^nempefiub diuo �ne u�o teilo^ O CGnbsp;habebitin fronrci�ntasparictum. Antaahocloco interpretorfia�nbsp;pideaspilas/inparietumextremispartibut, P Huius exemplar eritnbsp;ad tresFortunas, c�c, ifiorumtemplor�,nernin�lt;juidcmfuperfunt,nbsp;er apud alitan au�lorem, quad memincrim^no legi. Porta autem Collina,nbsp;in hodiernum diem Salaria uocatur,ab antiqua proxima hm. ccnbsp;furis. Verfurahicfignificatflexumangidorum inparietibusexterior�,nbsp;namaliudfcribimuslib.y.cap.e^ R Huiusexemplareft ininfulanbsp;Tyberinaetc. ioutsquidemtemplumiRomief�itiiuxtaiedem Aefcula�nbsp;pifipauniautemjn initioinfuLeTyberin�. OHidiuij-aftdib.c�

Quod tarnen !ex l�if licuit mihi dicere �ftis, Sacrauerepatresihitc duo templadie,nbsp;Accepit Phoebo nymphaq^ Coronide natum,nbsp;infula diuiduaiijuam premitamnis aqua,nbsp;iuppiter in parte ejl,coepit locus unus utrun^�,nbsp;,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;lunda^funtinagnotemplanepotisauo,

�n nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;DetemploPaunijdemLib.i,

. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Neutrins eorum,guorum meminit hoc loco vitruuius,apparettt uJla uefli^

gia. Aefculapif aut� efire,gu�'uidentur in hortis.D.Barptolomei,omniuttt confenfureceptumefl- S EradMariana/Honoris,amp;Virrutis,nbsp;etc. C. lAutiwm, adern Honoris er Virtutis Kariana ce�a, freijje, Vt�nbsp;t ruutus repetit in proexmio libri 7. er nos ibiide Uiarianace�a fcribemus�nbsp;T Quaternascolumnas medianas . Arthite�onico uocabulonbsp;u/us, medianas columniff dixit, ad diffircntiam angulariu)n,guarum me^nbsp;minit

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. HI. �5 ninit cap.proximo-Eadem rationetiocdt tnedi�na acroteria, epi�ytia,c4 quot;nbsp;pitalconina,crreliqua, V EtfAagnefiaeDianaeetc.EtbwMjmenbsp;winaindi�oproamio, X Ephefi�Dian�ctc Dffclt;�cWMWZf/�(lt;nbsp;turmemoratoloco, quot;� Hyp�throsucrocndccaftyloseftetc.lrfnbsp;e� fubdialc teniplum,undecim habet columnoi in�-onle,Cf totidemin parnbsp;ttcu,(iua� tergo eft. Scdomnino fcribcndumdcca�ylos ; ncqueenim me�nbsp;dianum intercolumniumipatitur in his locisiimparem columnarum nume�nbsp;runt collocari,quodoporteat utrinque'adeundem modumcolumnar ha*nbsp;bere- Z Ad drcuitioncm(utportjcus)penftyliorum.Pertenbsp;fiylia,loca funt columniiclMfa:crundiqucfepta. aa Huiusautemnbsp;cxeiriplar/Rom� non eft. louiiemplum conftitui deberefub diuo,nbsp;idefthyp�thrum,monuitlibro t.cap.t,Pantheonaautem,Qr Eaunitem*nbsp;plum, quode�in C�eliomonte:hodiediuo Stephana dicatu,quamui5foionbsp;foramine fuperne lumen adniittant,Vitruutushypa;thra non dixcrit, Nonbsp;��( iUa quidem fub diuo, fed hemi�ihertjs, id e� circul�t is earner isiteda,nbsp;quanquafumma tantum partei�ngulis �ramtnibus circularis figur�,luc�nbsp;recipi�t, bb SedAthenisoidafiylos,etc. Expungopartiad�e;^�

SPeciesautem aedium/Tunt quincj!, qiiarum/ca funt uoca^ bula^PycnoftyloSjideftcrcbris columnis:SyftyIos,pau�

lo rcmiffioribusiDiaftylos, amplius patendbus : rarius qui oportet inter fc didu�is,Ar�oftylos: Euftyloamp;'inceruallorunbsp;iuftadiftributione. Ergofpycnoftylos eft, cuius intercolum�nbsp;m'olunius �C dimidiat� column� crafsitudo interponi po^nbsp;B teft,qucmadmodum eft diuilulij,amp; in Cf fan's foro/Veneris,nbsp;�ifiqu� ali�fic funccompoi�t�, Item Syi�yloscft,lnquo/nbsp;duarum columnarum craffitudo/in intercolumnio poterienbsp;C collocari, amp;fpirarum plinthidesi�qiiemagnf fint co fpacio,nbsp;D quod fucrit inter duasplinthides,quemadmodumcft For^nbsp;tun� equcftris'ad theatrum lapideum,�i reliqu�, qu� eifdcmnbsp;E rationibus funtcompofit�. H�c utraqucgencra'uitio�nbsp;futu habent ufum, Macres enim flt;UQiliarutn,cuni ad fupplkanbsp;P

t�onctwgradibus afccndunt, non poflunt per intercolumnia/ amplex�adircjnif�ordinesfeccn'nt. Itcmlualuarum afpcAusnbsp;obftruitur/columnarum crcbritate,ip(�(^ figna obfcurantur�nbsp;Item/circa aedem,propter angufti'as,impediuntur ambuladonbsp;nes. Diafty li autem/haec eritcompofiuo cum trium coliim�nbsp;harum craditudinem/intercolumniointerponere poflumus,nbsp;tanquam eft Apollinis 5c Di'an� �dis, H�c difpof�tio/hancnbsp;habet difficultatem , quod epiftylia,propter interuallorumnbsp;magnitudinem,franguntur.In Ar�oftylis autcm/neclapi'deisnbsp;nec marmoreis cpiftyltjstiti datur, l�dimponend� de matc^nbsp;ria/trabespcrpetu� : �ifpfarum aedium fpeciesfuntbaryc�, Pnbsp;�)arycephalae,humiks,lat�, ornantcj fignis fidilibuamp;aut

teis inauratis' �ar� faftigfa,nbsp;tufcanico monbsp;re, uti eft adnbsp;circum maxi^nbsp;mum Cererisnbsp;Sc Herculis ,nbsp;Q Pompeiani

itemcapicolif. Reddcda n��cnbsp;eft euftyli ra#nbsp;tio,qu3e/mai�nbsp;ximc proba#nbsp;bills, amp;adu�nbsp;fum,amp; ad fpcnbsp;ciem,amp;adfirnbsp;micatem ragt;nbsp;tiones habetnbsp;cxplicatas :nbsp;namcf faciennbsp;dafunt inin�nbsp;teruallis) fpagt;

cia duarum columnarum,amp;: quartae partis columnae craflitu dinis;mediumcjintcrcolumnium,unum,quodcricinfronte,nbsp;alterum,quod critin poftiro triumcolumnarum craflitudi#nbsp;ne.Sic enim habebit/Si figurationis afpcAum uenuftG,5i adi#nbsp;tus ufum fincimpcditionibus, amp; circa cellamiambulatio annbsp;thoritarem. Huiusautem rei rario/explicabiturlie. Fronslonbsp;ci,qu�/in aedeconfticucafuerk,fitctraftylos/facicnda fuerir,nbsp;H diuidatur in partes undecimfcmis,pr�ter crcpidinesamp;pro#nbsp;iedurasfpirarum. Sifexcrircolumnatn, in partes deccamp; o#nbsp;fto.Si oftafiylos c�ftituctur,diuidafiir in xxiiij. amp;i feniiiTem inbsp;itcex his parcibus, fine tetrafty li, fiuc hexaftyii,fiue oftaftyli,nbsp;Una pars fumatur,caqueericmodulus,cuius moduli unius/nbsp;erit craffitudo columnarum. Inrercolumnia lingula, praeternbsp;mediana,naodulor� duoru/�C moduli quart� partis,mediaenbsp;P ij

^fiylt f�^ ^ura,cuquot;nbsp;autetnnbsp;intercolS�nbsp;ftrtdlibtrnbsp;tlt;lt;te 4 lt;}Mnbsp;t�or mo�nbsp;dulitnbsp;gu�ntutnnbsp;eiutcolufnnbsp;Httlongitunbsp;do dmplidnbsp;tur,difidn

tia coBocd na in fronte amp; pofiico, f�ngula tcrnum modulorum. Ipfart� rcdecet, columnarum alritudoieritmodulorumoftoamp;dimidi�monbsp;dull partis. Ita'cxcadiuifionc'intercolumnia alntudinesc^conbsp;(umnarum habcbunt iuftam rarioncm.Huius exemplar Ro#nbsp;m� nullum habemus, fed in Afia Teofodaftylon Liberi pa#nbsp;autem iymmctrias/conftituit Hermogenes,qui eriamnbsp;nemuid P*��i��O'^3f^yl�quot;�'pfc'jdodipteriue rationcminuenit. Ex Knbsp;inueneritnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;fymmctria/fuftulit inferiores ordines co#

* lumnarum.xxxiiq.cacpratione/fumptusoperiscpcompen# dia fecit. Isin mcdioiambulationi luxamencum egrcgie circanbsp;cellam fecir,de afpeducp nihil tmminuit, fed fine defidcrio funbsp;peruacuorum conferuauit authoritatemjtorius open's diftri#nbsp;butione.Ptcromatos enim ratio,et columnar� circum fdentnbsp;difpofijtio/ideoeft inuenta,ut afpedus'propter afpericatem Lnbsp;intercolumniorn/haberet authoricatS , Praetercaifi amp; imbriQ fnnbsp;aqu� uis occupaueric,amp; interduferit bominummukitudi#nbsp;nem ,uthabeat in aedercircacp cellam cumlaxamenro'hber�nbsp;mo ram�

moram.H�caut�/ ica explicantur innbsp;pfcudodipteris �dinbsp;um difpolltioninbsp;lumnxin partes ofto amp; dimidiam,amp; unius partis column�nbsp;cral��tudo/collocctur. In fyftylo altitudo diuidatur in nouemnbsp;amp;dimidiam partem, amp; exeis tina ad crafl�tudincm columnfnbsp;detur. It� in pycnoftylodiuidenda eft altitudo in partes dec�,nbsp;amp;eiusuna pars/facienda eft column� craff�tudo, Euftyli a�tnbsp;SdiscolumnfCut diaftyli)in oAo partes altitudo diuidatur lt;SCnbsp;dimidi�,(?�cius unaparstoftituatur incrafl�tudine imi feapi,nbsp;iuhabebitur pro rata parte intcrcolumnior� ratio.Qncad#nbsp;mod�enim crefcuntfpaciaintcrcolumnasjita proportioni#nbsp;busadaugendf funt craff�tudines feapor�, Namcf/fi in arjo#nbsp;ftyl�/nonaaut d�cima pars crairitudinisfuerit,tcniils/5i�xi#nbsp;lisapparcbit,idco/quod per latitudinem intcrcolumniorum/nbsp;a�r corifumir,ec imminuit afpeclus Icaporum craiTitudmrm.nbsp;Contra ueroipycnoftylis/fioAaua pars cra�Titudinis fnerit,nbsp;propter crcbritatcfP,'^ anguftias inrcrcigt;luninioriHn,iii(ni#nbsp;dam Si inuenuft�cfFicict lpettctn,ltacpg{nci�isop�ris opor#

tctperftquilymmctrias.Etiamc^anguIarescoIumnfcrafl�o^ N rcs fadend� 1'unc ex fua diametroquinquagefima parte,quodnbsp;eac'ab acre cireunciduntur, �Cgraciliorcs cfle utdentur afpigt;nbsp;cictibus.Ergo/quod oculos fallit, ratiocinationc eft exequcnnbsp;dum. Contraftur� autem infumtnis columnarum hypo^ Onbsp;trachelijs ita faciendac uidentur,iiti fi columna Gt ab minimo i pnbsp;ad pedes quinosdenos, i'cna craGicudo/diuida? in partes fex,nbsp;amp;earum pardum quint^fummaconftituatur. Item qu� cricnbsp;ab quindecim pcdibus/ad pedes uiginti, icapus imusin pargt;nbsp;tesiexamp;iemiileaidiuidaturjexearumq� partium quinc^ �Cnbsp;(cmiGe^fujaerior crafl�tudo columnf Gat.Itcm'qu� erunt a penbsp;dibus uiginti ad pedes triginta,fcapusimusdiuidatur in par#nbsp;tes feptcm,carumc� fexfumma contradura perGciatur. Qugnbsp;autem ab triginta pedibus ad quadraginta altaerit,ima craf#nbsp;Gtudo diuidatur in partes f�ptem amp; dimidiam, exhisfex dtnbsp;midiam.in fumm� habeatcontradur� rationc. Qu� eruntnbsp;aquadraginta pedibusad quinquaginta,itcm diuidendf funtnbsp;lio contrahantur.ItemGqu� altiores erunt his, cadem rario#nbsp;neprorataconftituantur contradur�. H�autem propternbsp;altitudinisinteruallG'fcandentis oculjfpeciem fallunt,quam#nbsp;obrem adt]ciuntur craffitudinibus temperatur�. V enuftatcmnbsp;cnim perfequituruifuSjCuiusG n� blandimur uoluptatipro#nbsp;portionc amp; modulorum adicdionibus,utilidin quo fallitur,nbsp;temperatione adaugeatur, uaftus inuenuftus confpicienti#nbsp;bus remittetur afpedus. De adiedionc qu�.adii'citur inme# Rnbsp;dijscolumnis, qu�/apud Gr�cos�vTawappellatur, inextrc#nbsp;mo libro erit formata ratio eius, qucmadmodum mollis �4nbsp;conueniens cfficiatur*

A Speciesautem �diumfuntquin(�, etc. A interco* lumnij,n�i�llt;e funt lt;ede$ appeUationes, Nam cuiui intercolumniumnon antnbsp;pliuitiu�m uniui dimidiattecolumn^e erit,� frequentia, pycno�ylot utfnbsp;catur: cum dut cra�itudmes dabuntur,fy�ylos : fi int�gr� trts,dia�y!os:nbsp;fifuperabit interM^m 'tres cra�itudines^areo�ylos wcatur edes.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. ill. tip fcilxzW in �dibuf probjturfpecies, nomindtur eu�ylos, quafi dktu decennbsp;ttr or probe colutnnatdm,habet^/pdcia dudrum cobimtidrum 'cr qudir^/nbsp;t� pdrtis uniut cra�itudinis.Leo AIbertui Lib-r. Cdp. f'^uo d me ordin�'nbsp;explicdfd �untfUocduit Ldtin� ConjTrtdm,Subconf�rtd,Subdi^dn[dm,Dinbsp;figt;dnfdm,e2r^kgdntem.B Qucraadmod�cftdiuiIuIii,�tc.DzHztjnbsp;C^fdrprop��rumfmm templumhdbuiti in eodem�roifidlfetemplumnbsp;Venerkg�nitrice, pldcet Appidnohiflorico C Etfpjrarum Pijn�nbsp;thjdes. Irf efl, Plinchi bdfis. Efl dutem PlmthcMimdpars ba�si itd diildfnbsp;^u�d�rmd ftid rcferdt later em. Qudttqudm in cotumna Tufcdnicd,Vlin=tnbsp;thuiinon fit tjuddrdfd,fed dd circini{m,ut fcribit lib-4,cdptte7,Negdt dUnbsp;tern fcBdptifld Albertutiid gcnusbdfls/ufqudminopertb�ueteruminueonbsp;ttifli. Et nos, cum fit Romtg,antiquorum operum nihil quod no uiferimus,nbsp;ut fl quid pojflmuf/perdif-.eremus, nihil eiufmodi reperimus. Sed mirumnbsp;uideri non debct,cum/que rerum exempta reflabant, exquibuf, tanquai�^nbsp;�X optimis magiflris,multd diflerentur; non flne laehrymk etiam hodie ui\nbsp;demus in calcem excoqui, aut in alia tedtflcia, mutata cr diminutaftrans� )nbsp;ferri. Qtflnicyquimultisretrofecu!kextruxerunf,dppdretttouisinepti 'nbsp;arumdelirdmentis potius,qudm probdti�iitiiilauddtt�imorum operuntnbsp;rdtionibuSfdele�atos. Sed quid(obfecro)hoc efl,fl non efl infanirei fl nonnbsp;efl pofterisiinuideref ��udquoq- admonebo,inperuettflo templo Tyburanbsp;ti,e:^inflrniceArimini,baies CorinthiasiPlinthosnonhdbere. tfluduer�fnbsp;qudm rede, uiderint, quihtsinuentis flugibus placet glande uefci, atquenbsp;adeoqui,fiquid efl in antiquorum monumentis:abfurdttm,eo maxim�ca�nbsp;piuntur, D Q�ernadmodumeftForrun�cqueftrisctc-Tfgt;elt;tnbsp;trum�nifl/��or^inte�ligit Pornpci�quodmanfurumprimusomintimexa-r^nbsp;truxit,dudore CornetioTacitoUbi^. cum anteaitempor aria flruerent,.nbsp;Capiebat dUtcmilocaM fcribit P. Vidor,flucpotius Sext, Ruffus,odoa^nbsp;ginta miUia.Eius ueftigiaf�runtur ejfe,qu�iin campo Eloratinftabulo Vr�'nbsp;flnorumuifuntur-PorphyrioccrtclOde Uoratifio.lib.i, carminumtra�nbsp;dit,non long�fldjj� a monte Vdticdno,in qtiolfcimus 'D.Petribdfllicdmejfenbsp;fltam. E Matrcsenimfamiliarumcumadetc.Nonparum/adnbsp;maieflatem cy dignitatem templi facit,fld catero urbis fololextet, utgranbsp;dibusafcendas. F Ipfarum �diumfpec�csjfuntBaryc�, 8Cc,nbsp;iiutninporticibusfdr�t ptufculum diflantes�atuunturcolumnlt;e,ob-intcruifllo�

ittteruaRorumldxitudinem,cra�iow/dcpre�ioresq; coUocdnd^funt,ob id^yamp;ilgt;�alt;edesiminus dttcllineccjfe. Eam �ieciem'uocdt Bdrycdtn, B4nbsp;rycephdldmg;. Verbis his/^uid figni�cdri uellet,uidetur mdji cxpre�iffe,nbsp;cuminquit,humilesildtteq;. Ndmqu�d pleriaomnes/dd columndrum jor�nbsp;mdm retukrunt^quds Bdli^riM,qud� BdhtftidS uoc�t ( credoia fimi�tudinbsp;ne flor is mdli punici)non fdtts Mdi�eexiflimo, uelipfoau�ore Vttruuio,nbsp;quidit: in Areoftyl(s,tedtumJ�ecies e�e Bdrycds,Bdrychephdlds^. Vfo$nbsp;autem e�e dniiquoshis, quds hodie uocdnt Bdli^ids in candelabrorumnbsp;fcdpis, didicimusiex hifqiue mdrmored long� pukherimd uidunus in ^denbsp;D.AgnetiSffecundo�redb Vrbeldpide,infuburbdno u�e l�omentdnlt;ef�nbsp;niftrd. C^terum,portentd tUd uerboruiqu^ in aliquot exemplar thus fmt,nbsp;BdrKie,Pdricie,Phabe,humiles,urniles,latte,hisfeptisdrcemuf, G Pomnbsp;peianiitcmcapitolij .DePompeiano Cdpitolioinonfiiccurritquicanbsp;quam apud dlium dudorem legi�i,Erit forldflequHtd diflingudt,Hercu�nbsp;Us Pompeiani, item Cdpitolij � Sed cum nec meminerimiegere cxtruddntnbsp;Uerculi gdem d Pompeio;mhil fldtuo,dt^ in eis pono,dc quibus no liquet�nbsp;louis cert� Pompeiani meminit Sextus Rli�its in nondregtoneVrbis, Hnbsp;Praeter crepidineS)amp;proicd:urasfpirarumquot;S��tW4rginf�t4anbsp;fium,tdefl Plinthorum,atqj adei partium omnium, qult;e'fcdpum columnienbsp;fuperant, proicdurlt;e, Sed hoc loco/anguldres tantum proic�lurlt;e inte�i�nbsp;gendlt;e,cteter^e enim in intercolumnifs annumerantur. 1 Sed in Afianbsp;Theo Aaftylon Liberi patris.TbeofldJljilon hic quid�bi uelit,nonnbsp;nideo.Legendum dutem,Teo odaftylon�eparatis didionibus,Ndm re�nbsp;osinfulaeficumoppido,duilorePlintoLib.f, Cap.n,utin�dCdp,t,nbsp;Lib.a-,EodemerroreiinProamio lib. 7. fcr^tumeft,Teomonopteron,nbsp;pro Teo mottopteron-odaflylos autem nominatuna columndrum nume^nbsp;ro,cuius quidem medianum intercolumnium, �cut Tetr ally li amp; Hexafly^nbsp;li,uult Vitruuus'tribusquartis cra�itudinis columnarumttlijse�emdius�nbsp;Inquareerra�cuidetur oilaflylipronainPdnthei,idellportuus M. A�nbsp;grippipritflanti�imus alioqui architedus.aut potius inflaurator, qui in�nbsp;tercolumniummedidnum,nd}dopen�citterisflceritpdtentius,'DiflimuldHnbsp;dotamenerrorc,fdsenimfliitopereintantc�omnumobrepere, Eodeninbsp;uitio laborant fculptie in marmore itdium�ontes tres,Tetrdfty(os,nbsp;fiylos^cf Cgt;daflylo5,inhorto Andree Card,� Vd�e. QUdnquam�rta�enbsp;fr/t,quicamfymmetriam, ad euflyla tantum pertimrcexiftimabit. Stdnbsp;uidenduni

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. UI. ut t�dendum cr�t'neudcuum,idc�,cifiijaperturd,ldtiut effet medidtto internbsp;columnio. K ExDiptcrienjnixdisfymmctnaetc.Scnte�i#�nbsp;xxxiiij.funten�mexterioresiquddrdgintddtae, L VtafpeAnspronbsp;p fer afperi ratem ctcSimilt dicendigenereittitur lib-?, cdp. f. ltdque/nbsp;cum affe�iu eiuf fcenlt;e propter dfferitatem ebldndirctur omnium uifut.nbsp;M Prxtcrca (i cximbrium aqu� ui'setc.5cribendum,fiinmnbsp;briu/m. Edndcm dutem ob cdufdm diat^pofl fcendmporticut effe confiitu�nbsp;tnddf lib.f.cdp-9. N Erjamqiie angulares columnar ecc.Cuiuffnbsp;tnodifir-�fymmetride'dnimdduerfum eii'Pdnthei er templi Antoninidn�nbsp;guidresc�tumnMeffe. O Conrradurae auteminfummisctc.H�''nbsp;potrdchelij nomine^Cdm inte�igo fcdpipdrtcm,lt;iuiefub d�rdgdlo e�, Aponbsp;thefis�ue Apophygit conflexum ( ndm utroq; nomine dppeUdntur cumnbsp;I umbis confie xuf, qui fiunt inftrnmn er imk fcdpis)ubi contrd�urd ffe�nbsp;fidndd,z^indimen�one columndrum,dtdmetro5intclltgendd. Vitruuiusnbsp;Lib,4.Cdp.i. Edfimfcapidppe�dt. E� dutemdidmeterimi confiexuf^nbsp;breuior dtdmetro planttejcptimd pdrte. Quod uero/dd fuperiork colrd*nbsp;fiur� rdtionem duinet�ticdepgndbofigurdm,� qudpro fententid Vitrtt�nbsp;tdjpetipo�it.

E4f��i� V�ruuinscontr��urdfprtefcrip/ttfufieriorKfcapi. Fnerunt columtiic centum uigintifeptem/n templo Dianje Fpheft�, 4 fingulis renbsp;gibiu�a�,6o, pedum lt;tltitudine,M�orePlinio Ltb. js. Clt;p, 14. {nlt;tmnbsp;progreffbs ultr�, nonlegi,) qimrum,(cdpufin�rioridebet fi�Hcpdrtiumnbsp;oi�o zy femis, contrdHurdfummd f pdrtium feptem cr f-mii. P Vtl�nbsp;fi columna fi r a minimo etc. QMO'i de pede hic ftdtuitur, depdlmo,nbsp;poll!ce,digito,dlij{^ mdtoribuf minortbusuemenfurKicenfendum. NrfWnbsp;pro fcdporum mdgnitudineiudrijs utemur modulis, dumre�ritur omnianbsp;ad iftdm rationem. q_ Et earum feptem in fummo fcapi etc�nbsp;Aduerteiin columndrum contrd�iura, quo/altiores fmt, minus contrdhi,nbsp;Ndm ^u� plus db oculo dbfunt, grdciliord dppdrcnt^ Et ^Mew44mod�mnbsp;crefcunt altitudines, proportione ldddugend� fcdporum crafiitudines�nbsp;Quo^in �deiden�ores funt pofit� column�,c� crd�iores uid�iur,dult;ilonbsp;rePlinio Lib,f6, Cap, ij- ut plus minuend�uenidntlpr�fcriptardtione,nbsp;Idemde ftriatis dicendu,lt;}u�d uifus �Sdtur, circuitione crebra pcrudgdttnbsp;do,ut infrd Lib. 4. Cap. 4.l�ud uercxfcitu dignum, pilot ddpatH as cr ad^nbsp;�xot,contrdhi etiam oportere. Earum autem nomine, etiam atticurges,nbsp;fiueatticascotumndsitccipiuolo,quodgenus/untin fummo amphitheatronbsp;Rom�� R Deadiedionequ�adiiciturctc.Sc4pico/�mN(ede�nbsp;�rmata altitudine,cr defriptis in ipfalquatuor didmetris,duobus in fumnbsp;maa�ragoli,auti�libet'tip�us tantum limbiapophygis,cr inflex� adnbsp;contra{lur� caput line�, ( it a enimupophygmdccipimuspr�terfuumnbsp;limbum,qu� appeUatur ZT hoc loco 4 Vitruuiohypotrachelium)duobutnbsp;in ima calcis column� ( t}ui t� limbus, alt us ip�us diametri parte 14-} CTnbsp;apophygis,idc�confl{xus, quiproxim� limbumfuccedit,cuiusdidme*nbsp;terleR breuior diametro plant�, feptima parte, �cut a�ragali diameternbsp;tnaior e� contraaur� limbi diametro,pdrte ip�us nonaiZT amplius dtmi^nbsp;dia, lp fam autem contra�uram/tiuomodo fieri oporteret,pdul� anteestnbsp;Vitruuij fententia indicauimus. His itaq^ defcriptit,�gna in media colum�nbsp;tiadiametrum,pdrem calcifiueplant�itmi fcapi, ducq- lineas reilas� ca�nbsp;pitibus diametri apophygu, ad capua ip�us mcdi� column� diametri,nbsp;uidebts ��dm adte�ioncm, c^ui fcr uenter dicitur, quod ibi Uidcatur co�nbsp;lumna fubtiirgcre, Re�as autem lineas iOas, molliter in dorfum infleiles,nbsp;ut�ntcolumn� terctes,ceu tornatilcs, Roma obferuauimus, diuifofca�nbsp;poiti

poinparteis tres,imdm/ddperpendiculuititorndtam, duabmrcli^uKfen fim retrd�lit diminutit : quod contrd�lurte gcnuiinultogrdti�imum^nbsp;Superior it dutem generit exempldric� in Bdf�icd D. Petri. In fine huitunbsp;li�riVitruuiut doeet crd�itudmes�ridrumleffe/icienddx ,qudntutndd*nbsp;iedioinmedid columndinuenitur. Atquicompertumc�,columndrMnnbsp;�riges ej�c uigmtiqudtuor ; finguldrum dutem �ridt, e�e nihil plut quimnbsp;ex tertid ip�drum pdrte, nihil minusqudm ex qudrtd : ut idm ficili�t-con�nbsp;^ceree;^ rdtiocindri,quantum ex vitruuij �ententidin medid columndfitnbsp;iidijctendum,nih!l contrd�loimofcdpo.Eiufmodicolumnd�nuUd mihiui�tnbsp;eH,z:r hdud fcioldn fit oculo rej^onfurd, cuius rdtionem'hdbenddm mdidnbsp;mdmfemperduximus.Sedcrlib.s.cdp.i.indtcdre uidetur,columnMdr�nbsp;borum ndturdm imitari,dbietif,cupre�i,pinus,qu�ifenfim db itno dd�tm^nbsp;mum��igidntur,ut ddieHio ed qudm in medio fieri prtecipit, contrd nd*nbsp;turdm ttideri po�it : nifipotius/humdnum corpus imitdri uelimus, quodinnbsp;nentremcrefeitt

DIGRESSIO VTfLISSIMA, Q.V A PHI� iwdfr/M�werpwcolMiwrtdljortio� e�r trdbedtionis rn ''nbsp;tionem, pro uerofubfequentis Cdp. iq. intel*nbsp;le�lu,diligentifiimeexplicdt.

QVO�^lA�Ainreiledificdtori^e orndmentis,primdspdrtes/co� lumnis, z;;- qine fuperd�ruuntur, tribueril uel mediocriter in ednbsp;tierfdtuSfZT deedruin rdtionehoc cdpite dgitur ; fi�lur� me prccium openbsp;rieputdui,fiqu� po� vitruuiuimhdc pdrte dnimdducrfd funt db ali-f s, dutnbsp;qudntutn ex ucterum monumentislipfeiudicio con�equi potui,breuiter ex�nbsp;poncrem .Sub�rudionibtnigtturifirmi�ime, ztrqudm folidtfiim�id��it,nbsp;Z3- finitis columndrum interuallit,excitdndi funt murulijqui rolumnds fu*nbsp;�inednt. ldnondntereil�pofiisficere,qudmquogenereexlrucrcuelit,nbsp;(on�itueris. Nosteliijttos imitdti, uniuerfdm columndtionumcr trdbed= Colunttii*nbsp;tionitrdtioncm,ingenerdquinc^di�ribuemut.'Vt fitprimumdximeqifim tionumgenbsp;pkxgenutTufcdnum.SecundumDoricum.!onicum,tertium. Qudrtum nera quinnbsp;locum ddbimus Corinthio. Noui�imumiltdlicumfiue mixtum er compo= que�nbsp;fiium dppclldbimus.Dequoqudnqudmdpud vitruuium pricfiribitur ni*nbsp;lgt;il�eondbimur'qu� legerimw dutuiderimut^pducisexplicdre. DeTufcd*nbsp;ij

na primum,de atijs�ddnde diccmitt.Ab ipfo fldtimfolo,murulu{ illejd e/l PrJWtw�. stylob4t(t,cxtrucndaf, fietdutcmhocmodo Q�dmlatdfuturd e� f^iranbsp;plinihus,tdm magnum quoquo uerfum, con�itudtur lt;juadratum, additisnbsp;po�cdifummd (S' imd'tenifi, altit ijuarta ip/iui parte^cr dUquantum pronbsp;ie�lii,ut h^cifit uice bd�$, lUd^coronicis.nbsp;Figurdii �ngulis membres ijuid adijcere �t.nbsp;fum e�jhiac ivcipiemuit.

Stylobdtdmifequitur ba�s,(^Ui!ejtrit dltm qudntum crdjfiu e� m�dius muscolum�nbsp;Mlt;e fedpM^ddltitudoimpdrteis diuidcturnbsp;dudsiin�rior,eritpltnthoddcirdnu�i0ite/nbsp;dicdtd-A�criui'in parteis tres diutfie,dult;egt;nbsp;tribaentur toro, tertiawit cum apophyginbsp;limbuf, qu^ilieet aeriiis pars erdnt fcapi,nbsp;hoc ingenereiprobd�s parte habita funt^,nbsp;in dlif smon Item�

Scdpus, id eR ipfd columnd,fupcr id�m ad perpendiculum �dtuenda,dltd fexietinbsp;quantum e� tma parte er a�a �habet irt'nbsp;f tmmoia�ragalum dpophygim, fed utnbsp;�t a�ragalusduplo maior quam apophya

gis, utraq-mon amplitu quam media pars hypotracheiq capituli. Column n^limponendum capitulHm,altum, quantum dtmenfa cra�ttudmisimifcanbsp;pi ipars media, Jddiuidctur in parteis tres. In�madonabitur hypotrachenbsp;iio;mcdiiieidiuife in parteis quatuor, tres pdrtcisieruttt echini, quartdjon�nbsp;nuli;quod fupcre� edpituli,eritplinthus�

Trabs fequitur,epi�jtliumuocata- Eriteaab ta/quantumcapiiulitm,fedpro teniattddeturfntnbsp;ta ip�us pars.Epiflyliotimponitur pari cra�itu*nbsp;duic zophorus, er fummam trabeationem ifibinbsp;ucndicat coronix, ea omninocra�itndine,qua'nbsp;trabst[edcum[cRaeritinparteisquatuor, tmanbsp;ts-fwinttt

bui.fiet corona,{n cuius mentotres inctdin tur cdMliculi. Corotid cr in hocgenere^nbsp;T cr alijs,ut minimum,proijcictur quantuntnbsp;ilft'inbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Inbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dltaefl^

mind cr feriem/�ngulis ingcneribus pera ]WnHhN|,,),,,,,,||,,|,|,ii,i,i;,i|,|.pfT7Trn{] cenfcre,cy figurasi quantum uolumtnisnbsp;dngufiid hie pdtietur^ int�gras dcfcriberenbsp;(qult;e uerodeerutpdrtes,cxadKitis ip/is in�brisnbsp;formis,petidcbebunt)ut cd ufurdjrudtur le�lor,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�'�J

dummedoperdfin VitruiiUtmgrdphicoterd; cr tmendatioreseddnturdc�rmdtiones, Suntighnbsp;turpdrttumordinis TufcdnicinomindiQr(cries/nbsp;(itdiin c�tcris �t�urifumus) TRABEATIOnbsp;iilS,Cymdtiumi Corona, CymdU�, ZopboruStnbsp;Tenia, Epiftylium. C A PIT V L /, flinthus,nbsp;Bchinus, Annu!us,Hypotrdchelium. C O L V Mnbsp;N AE�ue Scdpi, A(irdgdlus,Apophygis fiperi*nbsp;or,ndnt inferiorem Apophygimtn Ed� nominosnbsp;uimus, S PIR. AE�ueBd�s, Lunbuslfiue Apo*nbsp;phygis,Torus,Plinlhus - STYLOBAT AE,nbsp;Te�z4 pro Coronjee, QMdrdtum per��um�nbsp;TenidproBd�,

H A C T E N V S�rt feribendo fum eu ordinem fcquutiM^ttih extruendo (erudri folet, ut indi^nbsp;cdrem pro paUoi� folo furgeret opusicr per purnbsp;tes cref:eret - Hunc/mutataferie, qaod furftntnbsp;uerfiisin Tuficanieodixi, in reliquis quatuoro^nbsp;ftendAmdeorfumuerfiit,exorfiis 4[umma trd�nbsp;bedtione,ideflCoronice(itdenimuocabimiisidi*nbsp;flinguendi gratia, quandoquidem Corona, quonbsp;nomme utitur Vitruuius, Coronicis pars e�. )nbsp;Coronixitaqi Doricaiconfiat Corona cty Simrf�,nbsp;Q %

aka/media tra�ttudine Sc4pt (de imofempcr inte�tgi uolo ) ddiefld �ldua pdrte,(iiu�t Sinttere^uldjpft Simamtedidm altitudinem habet;renbsp;�liquttmctmt diuiferit in partcK quinque,dabuntur tresCoronit, dun*nbsp;rum qu^ relldnt,uniiiCytndtio fttperiori,ttlterdinliriori cedet, Triglyphiinbsp;quiZophori locum obtinent,dltieruntquMtummedidcra�itudoScdpi 'nbsp;totutsqudrl4;latiimedidmcrd�itudinem, Ldtkudoedinpiirtei! duo^nbsp;decimdiuidetur,qu((rumextremtedu^eruntfemicdndliculi;reliqu4runtnbsp;decemifex ddbuntur �:rijs,ide� pl4n�(cogimurhic,ut dpertiui dicamuf,nbsp;St��itbutinominc)Vitruuiufftmorduocdt. Q�4t�orqult;efuperfuntdudnbsp;bus medijs�rigibus.id eflcanaltculis/ad norm� dngutumcdudtis,tribuennbsp;tur. a6 fewcijndlicKiM, Triglyphi didi funt.Confidntenim/uelutitributnbsp;ptlcK^ fcalpturK,duobut medijs!intcgris,i::y femicanaliculisbinctttquenbsp;hinc cx/ts. 'Piunt autem hoe modo. itt mediodefirmatur �muriutum purnbsp;te� duM, dextrd dtque �ni�rd excuudntur'dd normx dngulum cdnaliculi inbsp;pjricum�tMorecrd�itudine:deinde,hincdtquehincdlid�mordnihilonbsp;angt�iord primo,po�,�micandliculi duo'ixtremds duds purtes occup�t,nbsp;Inter Triglyphosreltnquend� interud�um tdm Idtum, qudm fint dltt ip�tnbsp;itd enim�et quudratu per�0lum,id uocdnt �ietopdm, quid �t inter opdSnbsp;dudt;itd enim dicunt tignorum �ue dj�rumcubilid,id c�,ubi quie�unt O�nbsp;fedent.Mctopte/dut pint purte,Autfcdlpunturldncibui,O' Tdurorum �d�*nbsp;pitibui.reuin�is uittis comtbut,pendulK etidm flortbui,�ondibui^O' �unbsp;�ibutfdttt bdccis.Aliquidliterornduerunt. SuprdTriglyphos'efi Tenid,nbsp;qud 'qudmuis eis di perpenJiculum re/�ondedt, dliqudntum exeritur, oquot;nbsp;ip�sCdpiiulorum uicem prie�dt. inter Triglyphos O' Epi�ylium,eft Te*nbsp;fiid^dltd feptimdpdrte mediiC cra�itudinis Scdpijpfum dutein Epifiyltunt inbsp;tofdtn medidm crd�uudtnem dltunt e� � Eiuspdrtem fextumioccupditt rc^nbsp;Ipondentes �ngulis Triglyphis guttg fexturbinis inuer�figurd, qudrumnbsp;reguld iinde pendent, ip�drum pdrs e� qudrtd. Dc Coronicis proie�urd gt; .nbsp;didum�t femel,quod in Ti/cdnicodixiiniis,neitoties eddem res repetentnbsp;dd�t-

PA ReritdJtitudo�oricicdpituliiquieO'Tu�cdnifpdrq^di�rubutio, in Plinthum,F.chinum,0�Nypotrdcheluim,fedfubtiltor : �prcmdcninhnbsp;tntres fecandd,qudrum duieiPliniho relinquentursTertiie'in tresdiuipe,nbsp;pdrtesc�iciunt Cyinati�;qu� re�dt, reguld crit Cymat ij ; nie did pdrsnbsp;Eibai9

tcbirto afcribitur. Eumubi in tres parteis diuiferis, ipfeduas ret{net,re� ii^um tres pares annuli capiunt,liypotrachsUum diximus totius eff�par*nbsp;temtertiaiHf

C o L V M N A ^habet Allragdltim'Cr Apo* phygitnfttpcriorem, ut in Ttt(cdnci,cr tn�rio�nbsp;rem,(tlta feptiesqudtttum cra/jtis f fl imut Scetnbsp;pui,Bafis:ah�qudntumm{di((crdlhtuclo:diui*nbsp;detur in parteis tres tequas, J tnamiPlinthus ha*nbsp;bebit, du� rcbqtiiein quatuor partiendiC, Ea*nbsp;rumuna�et fuperior Tom; qu^t reftant,innbsp;aquas duos partes utdiui�eerunt, unadabiturnbsp;Toro infiriori,altera Tr oicbilofiue Scotia,f;d

STYLOBAT Aierit proportionis diago* nia, id e�, altusquantam efl ab angulo Plinthi inbsp;ba/is,qu�pariumefllatcrum, adaduerfltm annbsp;gubtm, lattis ad perpendiculumdida Plinfbi;nbsp;El altitudittipro Coronice cj- Bafi addunturnbsp;quinta partes,fed Coronix dinidctur in partesnbsp;tres,duadabuntur Cymatio cumregula, quanbsp;'nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;-, ip�use�parstertia,altera:Aflragagt;oe^rcgn

duas diuifit parteis, und Plintho tribuetur, altera in duas diuidetur, TorMl ! ttnam acdpiet ; partito quod fupere� in tria^fjlragalusduM habebit parnbsp;teif,Regula tertiam,

Regula,Scotia,Regula,Toriisin/�rior,P}tMhuf, ST�LOBATAE, Coronicis,Regula,Cymatium,Aflragaltu,Regula,QMdratuntdtagoni9nbsp;um�a/i$,Regula, Aflragalus,Toruf, Plinthiu,

Tertium ? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;senbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I r V R genitt tertium^ ionicum,in quo explicando,non licet

qu�d in fuperioribiif, incipere � fumtna trabeatione, id e� Coronice, fed qu�d ima trabs�d e� Epiflylium,e� uclutimoduluif quoin dimeti�dis t�ijsnbsp;partibut ufurifumuitindeinitiumcaperenecefft eil. Epi�yli/ loniciinoitnbsp;tR�mplexratio,fedex magnitudineColumniejpetendailliui altitudo�nbsp;Idquo modo fiat, fcribit hoc capite Vitruuiui, ut minat mihi fit laborananbsp;dum-Con�itu{aquamoportetcxau{loriipr�fcriptoiEpiflytijaltitudine,nbsp;diuidenda erit caitn parteis feptem, quarum unafietCymattum ; qu^efu^nbsp;perabunt fex parteis �n tres fiifcia5!itadi�ribuentur,utima ( cuius cra�i*nbsp;tudinemreffiondere oportet fummo columnie fcapo ) tres habeat partes,nbsp;mediaiquatuor,fumma�am craffaqu�m crajfus c� imus Scapusjquinque;nbsp;itafiantEpi�ylijiprteter Cymatium,partesduodecim .b�ediatrabsZo^nbsp;pborusdiila,fipuraftatuetur, minor Epifiylioquarta parte erit ficien�nbsp;da,Sia

dd;Sin fcalpetur, iHo critpartc qudrtd tM ior,dddetur Cytndtiumdltutn ipf�ta partenbsp;feptima, Supra Cymatiu'coUocandui den*nbsp;ticuluf, ita enim appettaturfi^cia feila adnbsp;dentium imaginem. Dentium autem ( itanbsp;uocei�its)altitudo'duplo maior latitudinCtnbsp;Qttod /pacium inter duos relin^uitur co*nbsp;uum, akius crit quant latum tertia parte,nbsp;adiungetur Cymatiumialtum^us fextanbsp;parteXoronicis(quieifumtnMkralgt;s) conbsp;ronaquanta media Epi�ylq^cia, habe*nbsp;bit Cymatitvm , altitudtnis ip/ius quartanbsp;parte. Sima altior erit corona parte o�ia*nbsp;ua,cuiaddita regtda, eius erit fixta pars-lONlCVM Capitidum/altumerit,nbsp;qu�mcrafjaell parstertia diametriiimtenbsp;columns. Abacifronsprater Cymatiuntnbsp;latitudine rej^ondebit toti diametro;fcdeinbsp;latitudinitin decern cr o�o partes diuife,nbsp;utrin^addeturuniuspars mediapro Cgt;�nbsp;matif proie�lura, ut fint in uniuerfumparnbsp;I� decern cr nouem. ibi cupt recefjiris innbsp;inter iorem partem, parttuuulU Cr dimi*nbsp;dia latitudine,demittendia ac^^pendicu*nbsp;lu/m lined ( vitruuius Ca^hetonuocat) altanbsp;partes noi(emamp; dimidiam; harum juprenbsp;ma lerit Abaci, dimidia uero tOai�et ei Cy*nbsp;matium.Superefl uoluta, in quofcircinan*

artis ufuf prlt;eceptore ) uidebatur �rdi� con�Slurttc, uerum po� mnli4lt; uulncrdjcJ^irdntem ddhuc,crmembrd licet tegraito�enlemreliquitfUt�^nbsp;itddiiniUdtur,/pe5fdlutis fuperejfe uidertciuedt.Nosdum ldnguet,periclinbsp;tdbimur ecijuid po�imus, ut fi conficidmus,uel hmc�dlilt;lMd grdM d �e�dnbsp;toribiM txpeilemut ; fi non �ucccdct, hoc cert� me nominei�ildbor, quoitnbsp;----- nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;��1 �rtes iUi er egregijeitrd controuer�dMnbsp;pugndtores,etidmreinfiildiecon�t�urc�nbsp;dierunt- Et in mdgnKidbunde e�, uoluiffc�nbsp;Volutd itd(i^re�i(ni��tlor) dd circinuntnbsp;inuolueturhoc modo. Diuifo quod re�d*nbsp;bdtlinee perpendiculdrisipo� de�rmd�nbsp;tum abdcH, in pdrteis oilo,in quintdqudnt'nbsp;mdgnd e�,de�ribetur Cicli^i,^qui'ocului dinbsp;(iturfUt�ntfuprd oculumpartes ^udtuor�n�d trt$, lUe ip�eidiuidetia� in

hnca perpetidiculdri guiitque p^trtium, cr pl^d tineap�rliu trium, tcrtia /iijelt;*4 fumma perpcndictituriiaii extremam plarntm. Co�o*nbsp;Cdtoarcini ptdc ./�bililin pun�o extremo plante, ducito ad aliud ip/tu9nbsp;pun�lumquod in centra ocult efi,pcdein mobikm,e^ circumagitodumli�nbsp;n�ant attingas, qute iduila c� � fumma pcrp�diculariad extrema planant.nbsp;Idcircinationisidiuiditoin parteis [ex tequastztr d pun�o plana jad per*nbsp;pendicularemiducito tineas rciUas per [ex illas partes. Quad interua�umnbsp;erit inter �ngulas,� partieris in quatuor, duces item lineasi� plana ad per quot;nbsp;pendicularem.ut in fexalijs�ceras.Du�is his tineis, notapun�faatbi atti quot;nbsp;gerinlperpendicularem, ijfdemiiiflmgueangu�am charta. Handubinbsp;primum admonttimuspffofecundumoculum,reperire,undedui!lus Cir*nbsp;cinimobitispes/abo�{anteinoiflantem,re�tascircinationes e�iciet. N4Wnbsp;iocww prafcribere,non ita licet, cumin multis eiufdem linea: Iccis, plerunnbsp;que id fieripc^t.Uocpo�um monere, initium capilab intrinfeco o�antenbsp;plano,dcindefurfum uerfiisper reliquos o�antes fieri ctrcinationem. l�#nbsp;ter pendentes utrinque Volutas,�alpitur Echtnus ouiculisiufqueadlibra*nbsp;nuntumfummiocuii,cumfcalpoBaccisin�ragali ip�us tertiaparte,

Q_V A N T V M pofui, rem obfcuramPratione ita expticare conten* ^i,ut qui legerint,meefi��cilcm dicendo maluij�inte�igant, quam uide*nbsp;tridifertum. c^bd�id demumia�ccuti�mus, ur ab htsdntelUgamur, quinbsp;^hocdifiipjime gcncrefiunt ucr/ati : at cert�reff�cimus, ut qui periculum

non f�cerint, c� rent ipfdm cognofcentt \ digwo recenft��e modo ftatuant.nbsp;j) COLVMNAlAliragdlum habet

Apophyges, ut St Tufcanodiximus, fed ipfaalta efiquantum cra�um habetnbsp;imum Scapum, o�iies. Bafis/altitudinenbsp;non fuperat mediam Columnte cra�i�nbsp;tudinem , ^ua partita in tres parteis,nbsp;imamrelinquemus in Plintho, duos re�nbsp;Uqutu�n tres fxabimui, Quarum in�nbsp;f�mam,cum in fex dittifertmus, unant /nbsp;dabimus A�ragalo inf�riori,Tyu�me�nbsp;dietates,^Uie erunt Reg�/*, claudantnbsp;Scotiant/comple�entem id quod re�a�nbsp;bat fex partium^ Media par^diuideturnbsp;etiam infex:, unatnitabebit Afiragaluinbsp;fuperior : Scotia Superior, clauditurnbsp;duabus regulis,quarumqult;e fuperiot'-eft, unius eft partis , inferior dimidie,,nbsp;I f�mw(lt;tertMpdrte;ftTortM^

ST Y L O B A T A propcrtio� nii erit fefquiakerttjd e�, qua�:nbsp;drati parium.laterum cr eimnbsp;dimidiatiep�rtif : fcJulrmqptidnbsp;iungenturfextteptirtespro Co�nbsp;rontct crnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;^uddr^l/�

tuin i� hoe genereiQr alifs, peti* turtxpcrpcndiculoplinthi Btt�nbsp;fif t ) Coronixdiuideturin pdrnbsp;tes decent ; duit dahuntur Cymdnbsp;tio,unaeiui Regulte,tres Coro�nbsp;nte, duieSimie, t:y'unitutrin^^

matium,Fafciaprima,Fafciafecunda,Pafciater tw.C A P1T V L l,Cymatium, Abacus, Valuta,nbsp;Echinus,A�ragalui. COLVMNAE,Afiro/^nbsp;gains,Apophyges,fumma crima,BASIS, Tonbsp;rns,Regula,Scotia fuperior,Regula, A�ragoenbsp;lus primus, A�ragalusfecundns,Rtgula, Scotianbsp;inf^ior, Plinthns .STYLOBATAE, Coro�nbsp;nicis,Cymatium, Corona,Sima, Quadratum pronbsp;portionis fefquialtert, Ba�s, Regula, A�raga^nbsp;lus,Sima inuerfa,Torulus, Plinthns,

QJV A R TVMno�rtpartionis membrum, Quarttm quod Corinthium uocauimus, explicandum e�.nbsp;Eins trabeatioitam e� lonic{e�milis,ut qui uideanbsp;rit,excultam potiusjqu�m diucrfamifit iudtcatuanbsp;rus: etdempartes,idemcommenfus. Hocihabetnbsp;difcrimcn,qu�d in i�a, inter Coronam cr denti�nbsp;culum , coHocatur/tam altos qu�m e� prima Epi*nbsp;�ylij /ifcia�Echinns,fcalptusouicul� atiquandonbsp;integfis, aliquandofupern�decacuminatis ,cuntnbsp;inter fer t is utrinquehamatisjficulis. Prtteretinbsp;fubEpi�yl��fctafumma cr media,addunturnbsp;A�ragalifinguli,cra�t fut /�fcit parte oilaua:nbsp;fed quifub fumma e�,refirt Baccasfilo cum Verquot;nbsp;tici�is infutas: qui autem e� fub media, e� uelutinbsp;refiicuta.

CAPITVLVM CorMium't� ueluti uof ab angu�ia in ��titudinem paulatim fefe laxans,nbsp;effigie Calathi,cui Abacus f�t pro aperculo. Jpf�nbsp;ns uaf�s labr�i'tquat amplitudine cra�nudtncmnbsp;R

columnie infimMi;f�nSi autem latitudo c�, quttnnbsp;ia in fummo columna c� 'nbsp;prteter proie�uras, idnbsp;c�, quanta e� fummuntnbsp;fcapi Hypoiracheliunttnbsp;fiue contra�wa- Ve�i-tur ipfurn Acanthi �lt;tnbsp;lijs. Vas,a�titudtntcuntnbsp;Abaco,itquabitima Conbsp;lumnlt;eanjplitudin�(hacnbsp;^�ndicabimaslA.^.) Abad

taru partes cra�ioreslin Abaci angulos �ngulos protcndantur,eff�ciant^ VolutaSjid cH maiores Helices in untuerfum o�lo ; fed enim binie/in angunbsp;lis conueniant. A Iterte partesi/ub flores procurrant (quiinflontium Abanbsp;cimedioifcalpti, totam eins cr�flitudinetu occupant) reddantq^ minores Henbsp;lices,ldcRminores yolutas totidetn-.Singidefrontes/ima duo �lia often*nbsp;dunt, uniemtantumexmedijsiadfloris perpendtculum , alijsifub angulisnbsp;exi�entibus. I nter hec cr idudifurguntflnguUnbsp;�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;caules.Elorcsifunt quatuor,flnguliin flngulis A*

baciflnuatisftontibusidt�rmati.'Eoliacmniaire fupinisfuntpcrambihimiliibris. Abacumautcnsinbsp;quornodo finuari op.orteat.fcribemus l:b.4.

tflcraffdinoitics,habetq; Afiragalumoquot;Apophyger,utinalijsdixhnus. Ba�s�et dltd media parte cra�itudinis columi}�, gu^e diuidetur in partesnbsp;quatuor,inde unius Plinthus erit:reliqu� tresdiuidcndjefuntinquini^,nbsp;zyuna pars fiat Toriu fitpcrior,inferior erit unaquartamaior. Qttodnbsp;re flat, dtuidatur aqualiter, una pars fie t cum Afirag^o Rcgulii dua�nbsp;tiu, Trochdus inferior : fed ita dt�ribuetur, ut fit Aftragalasfcxta parsnbsp;feptima pars pro Coronice, amp; tdntundi.pro lS4fnbsp;fit Uuiuf Corottix/difiirt db lonicd, ^uod pro St�nbsp;ntdihabet Z�phorum, GJquot; Aftrdgdlum'ntd�ietd�nbsp;tisZophori. Bd/ts!funte�dtinpdrtes,cyomniquot;-tidneadcmmenfurd.

N AE,Afiragdluf, Apophyges qua inTufcana. BASIS, Torw�fMpe* riorfRegula,Scotia fuperior,Reguld,A�ragalus primus ,A�rdgaluf ft�nbsp;cundus,Regula,Scotidin/�rior^Rcgula^Torusinjtrtor,Pltnibw� STY�nbsp;L O B A T AE, Coronitis, Cymatium, Corona, Zopborw, Aflragaliw,nbsp;Quddratum proportionis fuperbipartientK tertias �Ra�st A/lragal�lt;,nbsp;Simainuerfd,Torulus,Plinthuf^

tiSjCT Corinthioiadiunilis. Trabeationis [umma pars,non fuperabiter�f fitudinemfupremacolumna.Ea altitudo/cum diuififierit in partes [ex^nbsp;dua dabuntur Coronlt;e,undiCymatioinfiriori,quod [itpcrZophorumdi*nbsp;�tnditur,fi�urum mutultf capitulum,cum Hits ad pcrpendiculum re/�onnbsp;derit aliquantum proie�tus � Supra Coronam mon Sima collocdntur,ut i�nbsp;alijsgeneribus,fed cymatium,altiim partes dlas tres rcliquas, Zopho*nbsp;rus,in quofnutuli fcalpuntur,nihil eritaltior Coronice,tantundem ip�mttnbsp;tuli,fed altioresquarta partciqu�m latiorestinter mutulos/relinquetur in�nbsp;teruaUum,quantumduobui fatisfit, Vtutulosmo�ri Coruos, ifaliModilionbsp;nes appellant: reprefentant autemifinuatamCanteriorumproie�uram�nbsp;Epi/�yliumieadcm altitudine e�,quaaltcra trabeationum,[e�{tm in fifciO/Snbsp;tres,haud aliter qu�mlonicum.

CAP iTVLVMnonuno fit modo^Quod mdx�me probatur, cum,Plorem er folia habet,utCorinthiumi fed pro Helicibus angulorunt,nbsp;eifiwt Volut�,ttott admodum afbborrentes ah lonicw; inter Abacum CTnbsp;cuicuUtutti

ou�cuJatUM Echittumtmcr^entes EcIfh Aftrdg^nbsp;lusfubEcbiito�p�ui tertidpdYte fcalptiMinbsp;infiit� Bdccit citnt VerticiUis, Vidiniw innbsp;Bdftlica D�Laurent^ uid Tiburtind,dbnbsp;imocdpitulo'ddAbdci dngulosfcdlptd ߻nbsp;gilld,ipfd fronte trophais militdribit! or�nbsp;ndtd,etpofl trophued C.t/idr'^!iuxtd tedetnnbsp;D, ��tbijfddd�um pdricti 'Cdpitulumt 4nbsp;fronte dd dngulos protenfthdbens Copienbsp;cornud^ Alidhdbent fcdiptdmpro Volu^nbsp;tdpdrtem equi dnterior� dIdtdm.Sedquidnbsp;�Moror Non tofi� liber fuffrceritiddno*nbsp;tattdd cdpitulor� uarietdte, quai� Romenbsp;eonfrgt;enmuf�

IPSA Columndldltd eR,lt;iudnt� eR crdp frit imutfcdput decies.:, cum A(lrdgdlo Oquot;

LV MN AE,A�rdgaIus, Apophyges fuperior er ittjvrior . BASIS, Torus fuperior,RegiiIa,Scot� Juperior, R�gula, Aflragalus primas,A�nbsp;flragalus fecundus. R�gula,Scotiiiin{�rior,RegHla,Torus in�rior^ Plitt^nbsp;ihust ly,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;S T Y L o B A T AE, Co�

W nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Cymatium,Coro�

Corona,Zophorus, Aftra� gains, (yuadratum pro^nbsp;portionis dupl�, Ra�s, A�nbsp;firagalus, Sima inuerfa,Tonbsp;rus,Plinthus. PERFEnbsp;CI quanta potui diligentia.nbsp;Ut qui� ab alijstde his quin�nbsp;que genertbus 1 tradita ef�nbsp;fent, ipfe/excolerem, atdnbsp;prtetermi�a ,ex Romanisnbsp;ruinis petita adijeerem^nbsp;Necueltmqua � meferiptanbsp;funt,fanilae]J'e,utnon IMnbsp;ceattuel lotis unguem difcc�gt;nbsp;dere, Nolim econtrario minbsp;hiobijciat quifqua, ab antinbsp;quis Archite�isino fempernbsp;babitam effe harts omniumnbsp;parti�j aut dimenfionis,'ralt;*nbsp;tion�, Hlt;ec ito tradita funtnbsp;� me,cteteris^,utqui imittnbsp;tur, perbe�eigenus agene�nbsp;re fecernat.Eum autem Avnbsp;ehiteilumioportet ufu ejfenbsp;perlt um cs' folertem,qui denbsp;mere autadijeere prteferi*

DE FVNDATIONIBV'S ET COLVMNIS, ntq; ear um orrnttu epiftyitjs, tam in locis foUdis,nbsp;qu�m incong,c�ttijs, CAP. III.

A O Vbftruftionisfundanoncscorum opcrumifodianturf� O qucac inuenirj')ad folidum;amp; in folido, quantum ex am�;nbsp;piitudine operis pro rarione uidcbitur,cxtruantur:qu�nruigt;

C teruallaautem/c�cameranda/aut folidandafiftucationibus, uti diftineantur.Sin autem folidum non inuenietur, fed locusnbsp;erit c�geftitius ad imum,aut paluftcr; tunc/is locus fodiatur,nbsp;cxinaniacurc�,iSipalis alncis, autoleagineis,aut robufteisnbsp;uftulatis/configatur,fublicxcg.'machinisadigantur quam crcnbsp;berrimx,carbonibusc^ explcantur interuallapalorum,*�Cnbsp;g tunc'ftru�urisfolidifl�misfundamentaimple�tur.Extru�snbsp;autem fundamcntis,ad libramentum ftylobatxfuntcollogt;nbsp;candi. Supra �ylobatas,'column3edifponendx,quemadmo#nbsp;dum fupra fcriptum eft,fiue in pycnofty Io, quemadmodumnbsp;pycnofiyla:fiuefyftylo,autdiaftylo,auteuftylo,quemadmonbsp;dum fupra/fcripta funt�i c�ftituta. In argofiylisenim/Iibertasnbsp;cftiquantum cuic�libet, conftituendi ; fedita columnx/in pc^nbsp;ripteriscollocentiir,uti quotintercolurnniafuntinfronte,tonbsp;tidembisintcrcolumnia/fiantinlateribus. Ita enimieritdu^nbsp;plexlongitudooperisladlatitudincm.Namcpqiiicolumna^nbsp;rumduplicationesfcccrunt,errauifreuidcntur,quodunumnbsp;intercolumniumfin longitudine plufquam oportear,procurnbsp;rerc uidcatur. Gradus in fronteiita conftituendi funt, uti fintnbsp;Temper imparcs.Namcpc� dextro pcde primus gradus afccnnbsp;F datur,ireminfummo tcmplo/primus eritponendus, Crafi�^

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fic enim/durus non ent afcenfus. Retradioncs autcm gra^f tt duuni,nec minus quam fcfquipcdales,nec plusquam bipcdanbsp;ksfaciend� uidentur.Icemifi circa �demgradus futuri ftint,nbsp;ad cundem modiim fieri debent. Sin autem circa f dem/ex trinbsp;buslateribus podium faciendum crit,ad{dconftituatur,uti jnbsp;quadr�,fpirj,trunci,coronoe,lyf�s,ad ipfum ftylobatamquinbsp;eritfubcolumn�fpirisjconueniant. Stylobatam/ira oportetnbsp;ex�quari, uti habeat per medium/adiedio nem per fcamillos gnbsp;impares.Si enim/ad libellam dirigetur, alueolatus oculo uigt;nbsp;debitur.Hoc autem/uti Icarailli ad id conuenientes/fiantjiteranbsp;in extremo libro/forma Sidemonftratio crit defcripta.

(�ijucdtinuenirhiid folidum,crin [olido.ficLib^u Cap. (qudit^uant to loco uiliofe qucditt fcriptum efl) Tuncturrium murorumq; ^nddmen�nbsp;tdfic funtflict�ddjUt �didtur�quedt inueniridd foliditO'infolidO'Cre�nbsp;B Supraque terram parietes extruantur] Hiplt;trietes,modoSte*nbsp;^eobdtie,poftedStylobdtie uocdntur. (VulgustPedefldld dicit)fiiprdquosnbsp;Sdfescollocdntur. Quoddut�dit'dimidiocrdflioresflcicnddi,qudmfintnbsp;ipf� column� /�turteptd dccipiendum efl, Spirdmdxintd Idtitudine non funbsp;perdt columndm,nifidiniidia craflitudinc,idefl,hinc dt^ htncqudrtd par 'nbsp;tf,idq- in Doricd: ndtn proie�urd '�dfis }onic�,fit o�ldudnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;decintdfex�

pdrtew�itudinis col�n^fld efl, in uniuerfumund qudrtd et o cl Mafia (M Corinthi�}fi fuprd dlids coHocdtur, db 1 onicd mutudndd,fi in pldno,inbsp;^oricd,AdSpir� Plinthiperpendiculu ( ubiflimnidldtitudoflie�dtur, )nbsp;ptstylobdt�truncuf'fiue quddrdtum, ddijciuntur enim etquot�partes,nbsp;^fcripfimu^pro Coronice cr ^�fi. Atq^ id efl, quod vitruuiut ditfiiirdlt;*nbsp;itivm proieilurdf'non procedere oportere extrd folidiim,id efl,non opor�nbsp;tere Plinthidetn Bdfis procedere, esquot; Idtiorem effe, qudm (tt Stylobdt�nbsp;qudJrdtum.Solidum enim non erit tfit idfefnel monedmus^ perpendicu^nbsp;ltonidpedefuperimpofitildpidkcddens,fubfeid�remdtque udcuuminuenbsp;tierit, AlidsinonnegduerimiStereobdtdmpojjeuocdri tedificif ueluti Bd*nbsp;tt^fHgt;permanereimmortdlemddlt;eternitdtcm,D Siiblic�qiietoa�hinbsp;�^sadigantur,] Ideflp^,Sublicd,lin^udVolfcd,tr�beslongmsfignifl

142 M. VITRVVII POLL� c4tj�ndeczpo��SttHic(w�dclt;lt;f��. F^HCie/cimqud/rr� utunfuriupii�nbsp;ti0nAuf,figurlt;ttnpAulo'�'dntehA�gt;uifli, E StruAurisfolidiflimisnbsp;fundamenta implcantur-] Funddtnentd,uocdt Vitruuiuaipfcts�ifdSnbsp;ubipi�flruitur, ait lihro cdpite ultimo. inter feptionesfunddmentd (o�*nbsp;(itdnturtipfdindutem flru�urdm ctr/�bricamidppellat fubflru�ionem,nbsp;utLib.f.Cdp.f. F Icemtn fummotemplo(pnmus]lKco(ficf HOnbsp;mine Sulpitij tmprcffb,decli di�lio fummo,Qr merit� ; ndm non infummi^nbsp;tdtetcmpli,fcdinpdtumentoiidjicricertum e�. G Vtneque crafl�nbsp;ores dextante,]A/j^Hi codicesipro dextdnt�,hdbent fextdnte,fenfupldnbsp;n� dbfurdo�d e�,ut crd�itudines grdduumiitd fint finiendie,ut ncq; fupesnbsp;rent unciM dud!,id e� duos po�ices,neque fint tenuioresiuncijs nouem, idnbsp;e� nouem pollicibus, q�� no uidet,fiitd legntur^cr��iore tenuitdtem pr�nbsp;fcribere,qudm ip^dm dltd crdfiitudin� finidtfNos/profcxtdnte dextStem,nbsp;fcribimus,id e�,ut neq^ fint crdfiioresidec�po�licibui/ieq} tenuiorcs nou�.,nbsp;liirorieundem errorcmefi� in Bnpti�d Aberto/Lib. i. Cdp. Ji. Quod d�tnbsp;ad grdduum crd�itudinem dttinet,ex ueter� tedi�cijs dnnotdui, fdtis comnbsp;Moddmeos putaffe, qu�iitd e�et du�ld,quemddmodum li Vitruuio definhnbsp;.tur.tio�ri uero.quodd eins fieripotuittCdfligdtioribus�-pre�ioribus�dnbsp;( e�intrd femipedem uti confueuere�nterie�is etidm drcisie^r refrd�ioni�nbsp;I bus,qutbusimdtron�icr grdndlt;euifefc lento firdntgradu.dtque inter co�tnbsp;fcendendumquiefcdnt.ld quod PdulnsUI.Pont, Mdx.folet dicere, Priitnbsp;ceps,cuipr�ter dignitatis orndment�dcceditdntiquitdtis'�rlmgudrumtnbsp;dlcii dde� rerum pen� omnium, icognitio non uulgaris, memoria maxima,nbsp;Zi�in bonos atq^ do�los propenfi�ima uoluntas; zr ut ad foelicitatis cu^nbsp;mulnmitihildee�ct, uiuoitidentiqiie� nepos AlcxanderFdrnefius Car�nbsp;dinalis,quantum lt;etdsp^dtitur,do�i�imus, idemiliberali�imus, ne dicamnbsp;mode��imum,iyin ijs,quie ad Remp.pertinent,uigilanti�imum. Fcelixnbsp;duuslf�lice ncpote. Sed locus hic admonet ( qttando iam primum uti�nbsp;mur co ratiocinio) ut f :mel dicamus,qudrein interpretatione dodrantis,nbsp;dextantis,�xtantis,be�is,crhuiufmodi men�rarum, ufifimus uncilt;e uonbsp;cabulo,ey pollicis,fupcr�itiofis hominibus ablaturi catumniandioccafionbsp;nem.Sciendum itaq;,pcdemprincipioin palmos quatuor.id e� digitos�c�nbsp;fiecim,diuifutnfiiifie(quod�tenturprlt;eterVitruuium,Columelld,Fronti�nbsp;Hits,ifidorus,Qr ctlij') Q3lt;e ratioquum paulo difficiliorant minus expedinbsp;tauide�

DE ARCHiTEG. LIB. ii�. ,45 fct U!deretur,(}Mftcutifunt,pcdem pro ajfe habentes,eumiqucntddmodumnbsp;t3quot; omne aliud integrum (. ijuodiaffcm nominducrunt ) in duodecim tequdsnbsp;pdrtes diuifere,VndmportionemiuiKiddixerunt,Dudslfextdnten!,Tre$inbsp;quddrdntem,QJidtuoriricnt�m,Quinq;iciuincuncem, Sexfemtffcm, Se�nbsp;ptem/feptuncem,O�oibeJfem,Noiiemidodrdntem,Deccmidextdntent,Vttnbsp;decimdeunccm,r)uodecimajjcm/tue pedem. Eds uneidsnoliri cum uide�nbsp;rent po�icibus quddrdre,non ampUus uncidi,fed po�icesmomindrunt. Etnbsp;cert�fi compondfytrcs poUices,qudtuor digitos efficient. (Hic non dgo denbsp;obferudtioneiHd, qud/dpudFrontinumlib- de dqufdu�ibus.digitusitliusnbsp;uocdtur rotundns,dlius quddrdtui;cr rotundusitribui undecimis fuK,qudnbsp;drdto minor trdditur ,quddrdtus dutem tribus qudrtifdecimis fuis rot un*nbsp;domdior. ) Veruntdmm:quonidm nonfidtimiexnbsp;cuiufcunq-po�icibus dutdigitis, quisf�erit dpudnbsp;dntiquos Romdnos pes,fciripotel�, f�diurum menbsp;fludiofis: remgrdtdmputdui,fidd marginem U�nbsp;brKquod.integrum non caper et) femipedem^dpanbsp;ponerem,petitum ex antiquo marmore,quod e�nbsp;inhortis Angeli Colot ijRom�, cuius etiam, ni�nbsp;me fr�it tnemorid, meminit LeonardusPorciusllinbsp;bro defeflertio .Eum dutem nos/c leteris, qui cir�nbsp;cunliruntur,prietulimus,quod coueniretcum eo,nbsp;quem ifculptum inuenimus tn niarmoreo Epita*nbsp;phio,T.Statilq,'VoLApri,mcnforilt;edificiorui�inbsp;quod op�ra Idcobi M eteghmi, Stimmi Pont. Ar�nbsp;chite�i, fx idMicH/ornon itd pridem re�fftem�nnbsp;Vdticdnumhortumitrdnsldtume�. Quanquantnbsp;idcentemin Eafilicd Apo�olorum columnamcxnbsp;Porpbyrtte,c� his gr�cis in cake literts,n o a'q.nbsp;id e� pedum nouem, noskum dimen�effemus, denbsp;prehendimus^tonreffionderenoftro e�^quoiufusnbsp;f�erat eins columns artifix,fed no�ro efjfe maio*nbsp;remduobus fcrupulis er beffe, id e�iunci� partenbsp;nona, Semipedis dutem palmumunumdigitis di*nbsp;ftitiximui,alterutwuneifs. H Rationesautemnbsp;graduuia

graduum ncc miniis]Retrt(�ionesuocat,ubigrd(lui calcMur/quct' impdrcs in Templis probauerunt, fieri aiunt op or tere, ut dextro pede'nbsp;dficenfusin Templum inchoetur,Gr eodem/oportere utdefindt. Collocarinbsp;animdduerti'nonplures continuosqudmfieptemautnouem : qu�d/ipluri*nbsp;bus confcendendum erat, pofl eum numerum,fiebdt retrd�io dmplior, qtnbsp;uelutidreohifubifi�iirejpirdrecrquiefcerepoffent, 1 Vti quadr�,nbsp;fpir3e,truncj,coronx,lY[is]QttddrdS'proPlinlhisinterpretor,�gt;iquot;nbsp;rdstproreliquoBdfis, utpdulomox�runcosproexdtquatismedi/s, Coronbsp;naquid fit inteUigitur^id eji Coronix,hdbet lyfim, id efl guldm inuerfditi,nbsp;ut uulgo dicunt, Alt itdqueoporterepodij btifim, medium, cr coronicem,nbsp;reffiondere ijfdem Stylobdtie refilicntis partibus.�yeLy/lquidcenfedmtnbsp;fcribamLib.f.Cap,7� K Vtihabear per medium adieftio*nbsp;nemperScamillosimpares] Scdmillihic^cr Lib.s-Cdp,^, uiden*�nbsp;tur di�ii^udfigrddi�i- Q�jid dutemfignificent in Stylobdtdrum ddieilio^nbsp;ne,non liquet i cy defcriptionem poUicebdtur Vitruuius de�gndturumfe inbsp;extremo hoe tertio libro ff�d perijt, ut iUdde adie��ione in medijs columnnbsp;nis,proximo cdp.promiffd,Qr dlilt;e mult^equds recenfuimus Lib. vCap, �nbsp;Si quid pofledliudicium dut annidfi�rent,noninuidcbimus ftudiofisiedinnbsp;utiktdtem M.e prof��l�lnequicqudmpaenitebit mei,fihuicAuiloriiirt*nbsp;flru�li�imo,fed idcerolcr obfcuro,dliquid opis dttulero; ndm locis omni^nbsp;bus lucem ddfirre, prorfusefi ficultdtisnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;eruditionis mdioris, qudm i�

tne profttedr,Exorietur jpero dliquK,quimeo exemple excitdtus,id prutquot; fidbitfdut fiet,ut lt;etiKuettturddemdt eis tenebrds�

His perfcftisSn (uis locis fjjir� co!locentur,C3eque'ad fymgt; metriam fic perficianair,uti craflitudo cum plintho fit colum bnbsp;nx ex dimidia crafritudinc,proiea:uramque(quamGr�cinbsp;lit�of�v uocitan^habeant quadrantem. Ita 'tum lata amp; longanbsp;critcolumnx cfafsitudinisuniusiamp;dimidix.AItitudo dus, {inbsp;fi atticurges crit,ita diuidatur,ui fuperior pars^terda parte fitnbsp;crafl�tudiniscolumn�,reliquum/plintho relinquatur. Dem^nbsp;pta plintho,reliquumdiuidatur in partes quatuor, fiatc^ fu# Knbsp;perior rorusquart�,reliqu�tres/�qualitcr diuidantur, �inbsp;una f�t inferior torus, altera pars c� fuis quadrisfcotia,quamnbsp;Grxd dicunt�

'Sptr.ejfeuBd� fis,defcruun�nbsp;tisuir^s gentnbsp;ributquidrd*nbsp;tiucl nUicuT�:nbsp;gifperfigurtt^nbsp;tio^

Sin autcmlonicf crunt faciend�,fymmctrff car��/f�ccnine conftitucnd�juri laticudo fpir� quoqiio uerfus,�c column�nbsp;crafficudinis, adi�efta craflitudi'ne quarta'amp; oAaua, aln'tudonbsp;uti atticurgisjira ciusplinthos ,rcliquumc^praeter plinthon,nbsp;Q (quod crit tertia parscraffitudi'nis columnae^i'uidatur in par^nbsp;tesfeptem; indetrium partium'torus qui eft in fummo,'rcftgt;

quf quatuor partes/diuidcndf funt�qualiccr,amp;una pars/f�at c� fuis aftragalis,amp; fupercilio fuperiortrocliilus'.altera parsnbsp;�nccriori trochilo relinquatur, fed infen'or/maior apparebitnbsp;ideo, quod habebicad extrcmam plinthum proiefturamnbsp;Aftragalifficiendifuntodau�parti�trocluliiproieduracricnbsp;Ipirge parsodauajamp;fcxcadecimacraffirudinis column�.

� lONlCARVM SPlRARVMjEX DIVERSIS membris fymmetriiitis, permuMh^foris ac ftper^nbsp;cilijs�gurit^

Spin'sperfedis�C collocans,cokimn3e funt median�'in pronao �ipoftico/ad perpendicul� medif centri collocandf.nbsp;Angularesautcm,qu�c^ercgioneearum fucur� funtinlate^nbsp;ribus �dis dcxtra ac f�niftra,uti partes inferiores, qu� ad panbsp;rietcs ccll� fpcftant, ad perpendiculum latus habeant collogt;nbsp;catum;exteriores autcmpartcs,uti diclum de carum contratnbsp;Aura. Sic cnim/erunt figur� compo�tionis �dium contratnbsp;�ur seMufta ratione exadar..nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ANNO^

L VtiCraflj'tudocumPlinthofitcoIumn�] Cra�itudointel^ �gitur in �gt;ira,qult;e!Cr altitudo dkitur: contri,cra�itudo in column�.pronbsp;liititudtnefc�pii�ccipiendaeji. M Akitudoeius/fi Atticurgcs e�nbsp;fit.JExifiimoc/J�column^rutnearum,quM PliniiuLib.ts.Cap.n.Atanbsp;tict(i�ppelUt,qult;uernkangulis,piiriliteruminteruciUo � Atttcurga e�enbsp;lt;enfentur,quieifuntfummo in Ttti Ve�a�ani Amphith��tre, quod uulge 'nbsp;Co�o�cum ctppe�unt, q^uttmuis non fint pctrium laterum,fcd itdpdil�,(ynbsp;^uotit tantum parte extantes. Alioquin Alticurgeseas habet partes, quaeinbsp;qu� hodie Dorica uocatur. NfBd/�� u�a 'Dorica defcribitur 4 Vitru*nbsp;Moficut nec Corinthta:fed Architect, Vitruuian� lonie�/addiderunt in�nbsp;firiorem Torim,ut hancefficerent. Quin cr i�a pro tonica ufi funt�m�nbsp;tnouer� loniciscr Corinthijs columnisiba�m^quamdiximuiDoricamtnbsp;�uppo�terunt. N Fiatquefuperior rorusquart�] CumfintBa�nbsp;ps partes, Tori duo ,fuperior,cr infirior, obtultt fe nobis Rom� uiden*nbsp;dam ,fi contra pr�fcriptum, at cert�inon ineleganti neq^ inuenufla firmnnbsp;^afis, qu�pr�tcr fcalpturas, quas habcbatpngulk par�bus uarias, pronbsp;fuperiore Torohabebat aduerf a duos Simas, id eft ( ut nunc loquuntur)nbsp;gulas re�as duas;oppcfitas,f:d difcretas una regulathuiufmodi licenttantnbsp;fnalo femel admonere ut fitgias, quant pcrmittereut imiter is - Ba fes anti�nbsp;quorum marmorufi uniuerfas complc�li cuperem(idem de CapituUs/ynbsp;Coronicibusinte�e�um uolo )graphide utendum ejfetpotius,qu�m fcri�nbsp;ptis. Quanquam mihi perfuafum eft poffe eer tari cumPkl ore aut Seal�nbsp;ptorc,quis po�it repr�fentah magis rcm,illine,an qu�fttiam^erbis'.id nos/nbsp;�ltquandotentauimus .neq^nonee�it. O Diuidatur in partes fc=*nbsp;pt�m,indetrium p^r�um]OmninoTorushicdefcriptus, mt�ore�nbsp;qu�m decetjcuwfint Aftr agali(� confiras) admodum exigu�cra�itudi�nbsp;nis. Aliam Bafis lonic� partitionem,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ucnuftiorem,paul� ante indicaui

tnus, ut liberumfitfequi vitruuq au{loritatem,autquam diximus, �iuf� quam tarnen in rutnis Romanist mihi contigit uidere lonicam Spiram,iJnbsp;tftifineTorofubinfirioriScotia, P Vnaparsfiat/cumfuisAftranbsp;galisamp;fuperciiio] Supcrcilium,pro fuperiore Scoti� fiueTrochilinbsp;QuadrafiueRcgulahicdifiumeft.NiwLib 4..Cap.e. Superciliumap�nbsp;(gt;f^iur,quodft4timtfuper oftiorum antepagmentdponitur, non ipfunt

143 M. VlTRVVl� POLL. quidem Hypcrthyrim,id eflfupcrlintittare,fed ^uod fub ip/b e/l : utrun^'nbsp;uero,p.tT(ilt;Jgt;ofin(Ssdiilum. Spin'sperfedisamp;coliocatis.]nbsp;Subit hoc locomirdri,lulium Poliucemlib,7.cdp.i7 .fcrtbere,Stylobdtdininbsp;ejje Doricarum columndrum Bdftm, Spirdmdutem'lonicdrumicum�ntnbsp;resdiuerfiS^O'StylobdtdlBd�mexcipidt, R Exrerioresautemparnbsp;resjii ti dicant fe] Scrito,�/� diilum de edrum contrdilurd, itd ( inquit) :nbsp;funt torndndit column� dugwUrc �, er lt;}u�fmt � regione, ut pdrtibus qu�nbsp;ad ceOdm jjie�ditt^nthil imminudntur,fed pcrpetud�nt cra�tiudineiexte�nbsp;rioresdutempdrtesicontrdhdntur,uttpriefcrtptumellproximo cdp. id,nbsp;eyy� inf^cciemiibfurdiim uideripo�it, experienti proculdubionihilmi^nbsp;nuf'.tumcr noslufuitdeffecomprobduimus,ernoftrte cd�igdttoniiuinsnbsp;diceiutrunq^ SdngdUun^nobilss no�rue ittatis Archite��os ,inuenimut^

Scapiscolumnarumftatutisjcapinilorum ratio,fipuluina . taerunt,his fymmetrrjsconformabunturjUtiquamcrafTusnbsp;imusfcapusfucrit, additaodauadecima partcfcapi,abacusnbsp;habeat longitudinem �C laticudinem,craf��tudincm cum uogt;nbsp;lutis eins dimidiam. Recedendum aut� eft ab extremo abaconbsp;infnteriorem partem/frontibus uolutarum parte duodeuigenbsp;fima,amp; eins dimidiaj�i fecundum abacuma'n quatuor partienbsp;busuolutarumfecundumextremiabaeiquadramline�de# �nbsp;mittend�,qu�Caiheti dicuntur. Tunccraflltudo diuidendanbsp;eft in partes nouem Sc dimidiam,ex nouem partibus amp; diminbsp;dia, una pars �C dimidiafabaci craifitudini relinquaturnbsp;reliquis/odouolutxconftituantur.Tuncab linea,qu�fe#nbsp;cundum abaciextremampartem demifla erit,in interioremnbsp;partem/alia recedatunius amp; dimidiatae partis latftudine.De#nbsp;inde/^f line� diuidantur ita,ut quatuor partes amp; dimidiafubnbsp;abaco relinquantur. Tune in eo loco,qui locus diuidit qua#nbsp;tuoramp;dimidiam ,amp;trcsamp;dimidiam partem, centrum ociinbsp;li f�gnetur, ducaturejex eo centrojrotunda cirefnatio tananbsp;magna in diametro,qu� una pars ex odo partibus eft,eaericnbsp;oculimagnitudine,�cineacatheto/refpondcsdiametrosaga#nbsp;tur. Tunciabfummo fub abaco inceptum in fingulistetran#nbsp;torum adionibus dimidiatum oculi fpacium/minuaturnbsp;donicC^in cundetn tetrantena qui eft fub abaco,ueniat. Ca#nbsp;pitulamp;i

DB ARCHITEC LIB. HL 14^ p�tuli autem crafl�tudo fie eft facienda,ut ex nouem partibusnbsp;amp; dimidia, tr�s partes pr�pcndcant infra aftragalum fumminbsp;Z feapi. Cymatio addico abaco amp; canali/eliquafic pars. Pro#nbsp;icftiira autem cymatrj/liabeat extraabaci quadrant oculi manbsp;gnitudinem. Pukiinorum balthei ab abaco hanchabe�t pronbsp;04 ieduram, ut circinicentrumunumicumf�tpofitum in capitanbsp;Il tetrante,Sialterum 'diducatur ad extremum cymarium,cirnbsp;cumaAumzbaltheorum extremas partes tangat. Axes uolu#nbsp;tar�'necrafi�oresfintjquam oculi magnitudojuolut�t�ipf�nbsp;fie c�dantur, uti altitudines habeantlatitudinis fu� duodecinbsp;mam partem. Haeeruntlymmetri�capitulorum,qu�co#nbsp;m lumn� futurffunt,ab minimo^ad pedes.xv.Qiijfupraeruntnbsp;reliqu�jhabebuntadeundemmodumfymmetrias.Abacusnbsp;autem eritlongusSc latus, quamcraira)columnaeftima,ad#nbsp;leda parte nona:utiquo minus habueritaltiorcolumnac�#nbsp;tradum, eo ne minus habeat capitulum)fu�iymmetri� pronbsp;ieduram,amp;in alutudine rat� partis adiedionem.De uolutaquot;nbsp;rum defcriptionibusliti ad circinu fint redeinuolut�, quemnbsp;admodum defcribatur , incxtremo libro'forma amp; ratio ca#nbsp;rum eritfubfcripta �

S' CapituIorumratiofipuluinataerunt]P�/Ki�lt;t/ilt;Io�jf(lt;�fHi-t{lligit,4puluino,qucin pirt� interpretAmur^qtkefinter Abacutn num e�, undeVolutte propendent, T Hisfymmeri'ij s confirma�nbsp;buntur] Scribenduconf�nnabuntur, uoeabulo vitruuio �milt�rhundenbsp;con�rmMoTheittrihb.s, v Line�demittend�qu�Cathetinbsp;dicuntur] Liiicie [unfddperpendiculttm dem{lfie,i^dm lt;pt�dlM lineainnbsp;interiorem pur lent rccedensidemittitur,edminon alidm ob edu�m addi iu�nbsp;dicM�, (p�mute�et te^Uidi�am, Cf prioruer�Cathetoshdberetur. Xnbsp;In fingulis Tetfantorum adionibus] TetrdntorumproTetnnnbsp;tuw flexum e�, sunl autem TetranteSiTei diuife in partes quatuori�ngult;*nbsp;U lincie,fiue pottuf interuaUa ipfa,fed de his lib .xo. cap. xx. Vifa e� haifequot;nbsp;nus res ardua'ueruntamenfiquis cxa�ius animaduerterit, no ita dtff�ci^nbsp;lemcomperiet.^amnos'hocmodoacccptamuolumiis � Con�ituta Abacinbsp;la�tudine, diuifaq; in partes decent cz WKf w, cum in interiorem partent �nbsp;T �i

rcccIJ�r�pitrtis unitu (S' dimidiit latitudine, dcmittend� pirpcttdicul�ril Ibicd'ex Ab�ci media latitudinc.Ea cra�itudo�n partes ttouem �f dimidi�nbsp;am diuidctur, ^uarum una pars er femis 'Abaco reliiiquatur, ex rclilt;^uitnbsp;o�o , Valuta: con�ituantur,[ed tta , ut in quinta quam magna efl ducaturnbsp;circulus,qui �culus diciturteo modo cum erit dcfcriptus, ab eins centroiddnbsp;Abacumimum,crunt partes quatuor Z3- dimidia, abeodem deorfumuer^nbsp;fUi,partes tres er dimidia. Per centrum deinde, perpmdenti linctc re/poitnbsp;dens Itnea transuerfaiagatur. Eos lineasiuocat Tetrantes, �(uod efficiantnbsp;quatuor lineof paribus interuaOis di�in�as. Co�oeato igitur pede circininbsp;immobilifinoculicentro,duc pedem mobilem� Tetrante quifub Abaco efl,nbsp;in proximum Tetrantem extrinfecum : prior linea longa erit partes qua=gt;nbsp;tuor er dimidi�,fequenslt;erit longa quatuor ; d �{Ud'dgctur linea in tertit��nbsp;Tetrantem, cuius lineafnon amplias demittitur, quam funt partes tres ernbsp;femis, � qua m quartum Tetrantem circumai�a linean� longior erit quamnbsp;funt partes tr es. Rur fus agit ur lineain primum Tetrantem, ubiab Abaconbsp;mo'dt�at partes duasi deindein f :cundum Tetrantem, ubi � centra ocidinbsp;di�atpartes duas : po� in tertium Tetrantem ,�bi interuallum e� parti�nbsp;um unius erfemistinde in quartum Tetrantem,ubi di�at � centra partentnbsp;unam : po�remo in primum Tetrantem,ubi conuenit cum oculi circumeurnbsp;rente Itnea.Vides deTetrante in Tetrantem minui quantum e� medij ocu�

grdphiamfubiecimui/ quilt;t in tUo teniplo!columns non funt expedit^t fed .idh^rcnt,c^ p�rte tantum quota prominent,)ut inte�igatur,quomamp;donbsp;in expeditis opcribid utendumjit, Y D onicum in eundem-Tcrrannbsp;tem.] Adueriiumantiquumprodonec,utlib,!.cap^ultimo,crlib �t -y::,,nbsp;cap. ^..Cato de re ru�^cap. 149 .Viri boni arbitratuirefoluetur, donicumnbsp;pecuntamfatiificcrit. Z Cyrtiatioademp to,Abaco 06canali]nbsp;Immo Cymatij cjl dimidia iUaparsfupra nou�,ut �t tollenda di�lioadent*nbsp;pto,aut�rta�eeiusloco,fubroganda,addito. aa Vri circini centranbsp;unum cum fit pofi turn] fentrum Circini crus alteruntfiue pedentnbsp;uocat,utbuiuslibsap,i.diximiis. bb Qu� fupra erunt reliqua hanbsp;bebuncJVcltVw pro reliqua^fcriptum relique, utfit fenfus:Column� qutnbsp;fuperabunt pedes quindecim, habebunt capitulorum Symmetrias,demptonbsp;A6�0,elt;i proportione,

Capitulis pcrfeftis,,deinc� I'n fummis cohimnarum (capis, nonad libeliam,fcdad jcfualem modul3collocaris,uri quaenbsp;adie Aio in ftylobaris faAa fuerit,in fuperioribus membn's renbsp;fpondcat fymmetria epiftyliorum. Epiftyliorum ratio fic eftnbsp;habenda, ut ficolumnj fuerint a minimo xij. ped3 ad xv.ponbsp;des,epiftylrj fit altittido/dimidia craffitudinis im � columnae.nbsp;Item fia.xv. pedibus ad uiginti, column� altitudo dimetia#nbsp;turin partes xitj. amp; unius partis akitudo epifiylij fiar. Item fi 3nbsp;Xx.adxxv.pedeSydiuidatur akitudo in partes duodecimonbsp;femiircm,amp; cius un a pars epiftylium in aldtudine fiat. Item finbsp;a XXV.pedibus ad xxx. diuidatur in partes duodecim, amp; eiusnbsp;Una parsakitudo fiat. Item fccundum ratam partem,ad eunnbsp;dem modum, ex akitudinecolumnarum/cxpcdiend�funtalnbsp;titudines epiftyliorum . Quo enim akius/oculi fcandk acies,.nbsp;non facile periecatacris crebritatem rdilapfa itac^ altirudinisnbsp;fpaciOj�C uiribusextrita, incertam modulor� renunciat fcngt;nbsp;fibusquantitatem.Qiiarefcmpcradrjcicnd�cftratiorusfupiinbsp;plcmentumin fymmetriarum membris,utcum fuerint in alnbsp;tioribuslocisopcra,autetiam ipfacolofl�corcra,ccrtamhagt;nbsp;b�ant magnitudin� racionem. Epiftyln latitudoin imo, quaenbsp;fupra capituli� erit, quanta craftitudo fumm� column�rfubnbsp;�apitulo erit,tanta fiat fiimtnum, quantum imus fcapus.Cy#nbsp;matiutu

M. VITRVVII POLL, tnatium cpiftylij (feptima partefu� altitudiniseft faciendum�nbsp;�C in proiedura�tantundem, reliqua pars praeter cymatium,nbsp;diuidenda eft in partes.xn.amp;carum trium/primalafcia eft fa#nbsp;cienda/eciindafquatuor, fummaquincj. Item zophorus fu#

K. Acw; ref�.
I. Tgt;mp4 num, A. Simit, -t B. (W� M.
C.Denti* CUlltf,	Cl
D. Zopbffnbsp;rut, E. Cymdti	e-
Mtt. F. Tertix	e
�feid.	lt;7
G. Secun�nbsp;dd�fcid, H. primiX	K.

cpiftylium: fin autcn� figilla de�gnari opovnbsp;tuerie, quarta parce alnbsp;tiorem, quam epiftylinbsp;um ,uti auS:oritatemnbsp;habeant fcalpturj. Cynbsp;m atiumffu� altitudi^nbsp;nis partis fcptimf,pronbsp;ieftura cymatii,quangt;nbsp;ta ciu s craffitud o.S u^nbsp;pra zoplioriimdenti#nbsp;culuscft faci�dus tantnbsp;al tus,qu� epiftyli] me#nbsp;dia fafeia, proieduranbsp;cius, quantum altitu^nbsp;do. Interfedio ,qu3enbsp;gr�cc jutTax* dicirur, fienbsp;cftdiuidcnda,uti den^nbsp;ticuluslt;akicudinis fusenbsp;dimidiam partem hanbsp;beat in fronte. Cauusnbsp;aut� ifttcrfedionishu�nbsp;iusfrontis/e tribusdunbsp;as latitudinis partesnbsp;habcat�huius ryma#nbsp;tium, altitudinis eiusnbsp;l�xtam partem. Coronbsp;naic�fuo cymatioprgnbsp;ter fimam,quant�menbsp;dia fafeia epiftyli). Pronbsp;ieAura

le�uracoron� cum dentiailo facienda eft, quantum ericak titudo a zophoro ad fummum coron�cymatium;amp;omni^nbsp;no omncs ecphor� uenuftiorem habcnt fpeciem, qu�^quannbsp;tum altitudinis,tantundem habeantproiefturf.Tympaniaunbsp;w tcm,quod eft in faftigio,alticudo fic eft fafienda,ut frons coronbsp;n�ab extremiscymatijstota dimenatur in partes nouem,5�nbsp;ff excis'una pars'in medio cacumine tympani c�ftituatur,dumnbsp;contra epiftyliacolumnarumt�hypotracheliaiad pcrpcndi^nbsp;culum refpondeat.Coron�/qu�fupra tympan�fiunt, jqua^nbsp;bb liter imispraeterf�masfuntcollocand�, infuper coronas Rfnbsp;m�,quas gr�ci stt/ti'Mw dicunt, faciend� funt altioresofta#nbsp;ua parte coronarum altitudinis. Acroteria angularia tam alnbsp;ta, quantum eft tympanum medium, Medianaaltiora ocftagt;nbsp;ua parte,quara angularia.

rit�,^cerliimi(lioquinnecfff�triamdi�ionei�,uelutifulgt;futt(ttiteiu/uM^ mouiffe.Pote� hoc admoncri^Coloffumudic�Hue dicid Lamfiridio innbsp;Alexandra,rfP�ntolib.}4.(y.}fColo^eum,dVitruuioColo�icum. ddnbsp;Rcli'qua pars, pracrer Cymatium diuidenda ] i^olim imiter itnbsp;eum Arckitei�tun, qui/cxtruxit f�rnicem Veronje,(jui/e� ad eam portant,nbsp;^ihe � Leombuiappeliatur: in'Epi�ylio enim, priepo�erum/��ciarum uidi �nbsp;tnufordme,ima[ctlic�tfiifciacrii�!�ima,media,fecundtecra�uudinK,�tntnbsp;nii,tertiiecra�itudinis. Id ipfiu� uiti�obfcruauiin�rnice ,lt;juiSpoletifnbsp;Crufizr Germanici nomineextruilas e�. Hocdixi,neejji:s nefeiufTtianbsp;inuet�ribt(tmonumentiie�e,qMinificuuit{oimitarinonpo�iS. ee Vtnbsp;frons coron� ab extremis Cymarijs J Si cut pr^e�ior uidebiturnbsp;blt;ec Tympani alt�udo (utcertee�) �a tmsndare poter d, Se�o in partetnbsp;aquas duat Cy�nbsp;matio,in mediogt;nbsp;demittatur uninbsp;parCathetui,idnbsp;e� perpendicu^nbsp;(arislinea , innbsp;quaimaxo�oce*nbsp;tw pars cirdninbsp;immobilis,in cynbsp;matio uero ex*nbsp;tremoipars moquot;nbsp;btl� con�itua^nbsp;tur,ducatur^innbsp;aliud extremuittnbsp;circinatio,adcunbsp;iut medi�aCytnbsp;mattjutroq^la�nbsp;tereire�a du�nbsp;canturlineaiEdnbsp;fiterit uenu�anbsp;Tympani trian�nbsp;gula�pecies.S�t'nbsp;eti�tn.

etiam lt;jui ti drcin�tionc ad �fligia utantur, ut cfficiant non trium angui loruM, [cd circulate, uocant^ uulgoremtnata, rationem potcs uidere innbsp;[ubicdafigura. Imponunturfi^tgioiuelutiarultctrcf, quMiAcroterianbsp;appellant,mi:diam oportet angulares fui parte o�aua excedere,tantum*nbsp;que altam effe, quantum e� medium tympanum. Scribit Plinius Lib. ff.nbsp;Cap. tl. Dibutademprimumperfonastegularum imbricibus extremisimnbsp;pofuijfe:ld BuccidemficiffcprodttBapti�a Albertus Lib .dereatdi�catonbsp;ria,7.cap. u. ff Dumcontra Epiftylia, columnaruinque]nbsp;Scrtbendantrejpondeat.ut inte�igasimam'E.pi�ylii Pafciam,ad cuiut pernbsp;pendiculum re/fondet etiamZophorus. Nam�ifciie fummtclatitudoe�,nbsp;quantusimufColumneScapuf, gg Columnarumque Hypotra�nbsp;chelia,] HieprofummiScapiApophygisconflexu,cgt;'fummaColum*nbsp;nie contraduraponiturCquo modointerpretati fumut cap-z.huius libri,}nbsp;nam Hypotracheliumtn capitulis ponitur Dorico or Tu�ano.no in alijs,nbsp;hh Infuper coronas Sim�.] Sime,ntfiinfummiscoronis,nonpo*nbsp;nunturiin imis non item. Sunt aul�, partes i�e obtu�ores hebetiorcs,nbsp;in�ar na� Caprarum ; gulasreilasiuocantltali, utCymatiumiinuerfantnbsp;gulam.

Membra omnia,qux fupra capitula columnarum funt fu tura,id eft,epiftylia,2ophori,coronx,tympana,fa�igia,acro^nbsp;teria, inclinanda funtinfrondsfu�aiiusc�altitudinispartc,nbsp;xrj.ideoiquodjCum ftetcrimuscontrafronres,aboculo lineaenbsp;du�rfi extenf� fucrint, amp; una tetigerit tmam open's partem,nbsp;altera'fummam,qu�fummam tetigerit,longior Het. Ita/quonbsp;� longioruifusb'ne�iinfuperiorem partem procedit,refupinanbsp;Mc tam facit eius fpedem. Cum autem ( utifupra icriptum eft) innbsp;� fronte inclinatafuermt ,tiinciin afpe�fu uidebutur eife ad pernbsp;pendiculumSi normam.Columnarumfiriges/ariend�funt^nbsp;nn xxiiijdta cxcauat3e,uti norma in cauo ftrigis cum fucritcon#nbsp;ieAa,circumaAa,ita anconibus ftriaruimdcxtra ac finiftraannbsp;gulostangat.ut acumennormi� circuin rotundationetangt;nbsp;gendo peruagari pofb't. CralTitudines ftriarum faciendaenbsp;func,quant� adicAioinmedia columnacxdefcriprionein^nbsp;uenietur.[n(�mis,qu�'fupracorona�Ti in lateribus funt�diutn,nbsp;capita leoninafuncfculpenda,ita po�ta,uticontracoluinna�

�ngulasieaprimum fintdefignata,cxtcrauero aequali modo difpofita,uti fingula �ngulis medijs tegulis refpondeanr.Hjcnbsp;autemiqu� erunt contra columnas,pertcrebrata fint ad cananbsp;lern, qui/excipitc tegulis aquam roekftem. Mediana autgfintnbsp;folida,uti,qua cadit uis aqu� per tegulasin canalem, ne deifgt;nbsp;ciaturper intercoIumnia,ncc�tranie�tesperfundat.Scdquf o9nbsp;funt contra columnas, uideantur cmittere uoraentia ruftusnbsp;aquarumlex ore. Aedium lonicarum, quam aptifiime potui,nbsp;difpofitioneshoc uolumine deferipfi, Doricarum autem 05nbsp;Corinthiarum, qu�ifint proportioncs ,in fequenti libro ex#nbsp;plicabo,

Jck Cumautemxitifuprafcriptumcft] Ide/i'altitudittiifi-ontis futeparte JuoJecima, U Tuncinafpcduuinbsp;debuntur] Cuminfrontem inclinlt;intUr,oculof�untpropiora,ltne�^nbsp;uifus breuiores ^ iU enim alitjuid p�rit, ut in�gt;eciemifummci er ima te^ult;tnbsp;uideantur, mm Columnarumftrigcsifaciend�funt.jSfrMMnbsp;rum colnmnarum tpfum cMuim�rix dicitur, pars autem eminula �ue pronbsp;tuberansuocatur liria^unde ftriatam frontem dixit Apuleius kbro decimo

tngulos, unit hemicicliexcauari lineamento. Nlt;tm qui non e/l Geomeirkg plan� imperitus amp; rudit, nouitiexnbsp;quo uelisin femicirculiambitu con�i�nbsp;tutopun�lo,duilK lineis ad capitadia//nbsp;=' metri,ide� medilt;e lincte, effici ortho*nbsp;gonion triangulum,id e� emendatamnbsp;normam. co Nequetranfeuntesnbsp;perfijndant] Autlegendumper�innbsp;dat,ut re�raturad tHud uis aqute,autnbsp;�ribendumiper�indantur, Extant adnbsp;hancdiemfculpta in�ma capitaleoni

na in reliquijs templi. ( nam quidam, quod Archite�uram ne�irent, pontis eius ejj�iquem Caligula per �rimtnbsp;^omanum�co�e Palatino ad Capitolihu duxcrat,exi�tmantes,foedelap�nbsp;funt)extant inquaminreliquijstempli, cuiutin �ro Romano,cum tributnbsp;*^lateralibuscolumnis,eR Ep�ylif,Zophori,Qr Coronte portio,unis exnbsp;^^pitibut Leoninis rcjpondentibut�tbie�is mutulisicr columnit, alt er itnbsp;dutem,ip�sintercolumnijs. SuntcrintemploPortunteVirilK,(quodPuquot;nbsp;^ititi�e^eiRaphaelVolateranuslcrPuluiiKexi�imauerunt,)hodie SRl4nbsp;rix Aegyptiaae dicato,haud procul� ponte olim Palatino,qui nunci� di�ionbsp;tcmplo,san�lieMariteuocatitr,,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;V iij

ncm perduccre, cr prdfcriptM in ftngulis uoluminibui (inguloritmgene^ rumqudlitdtet explicare. itd^Ciefdrprimouoluminettbide officio aus,nbsp;er quibuf eruditum effe rebut Archite�um oportelt;tt,expofu * Secundodenbsp;copijs mdteriiCj� qutbus itdfficid con�ituuntur,diffiutduii Tertio dutemdenbsp;tedium fdcrdrum diffiofitionibut^er de cdrum generum udrietdte,quds^,nbsp;cr quot hdbednt ffiecies,edrum^,qug funt in /tngulisgeneribut, diftribu�nbsp;'tiones, ex tribut ffi generibut, qua f ubtili�imds hdberent propo rtionibutnbsp;modHlorimtqudhtdtes,}onici generis moresdocui, NuncinbocMeljtmi�nbsp;ne de DoricisiCorinthqsq; itffiitutis er omnibus dicdm, eorum^ dif�ri�nbsp;mind cr proprietdtes/exphcdbo.

OL V MNAE Con'nthiXjpr�tcr capitula ,ogt; mnesfymmetriashabentjUti lonic�: fed capigt;nbsp;rularum altitudincs efficiuntcaspro rata excdnbsp;flores amp; graciliorcs, quod lonici capituli altitu Anbsp;doftertia parsed crafBtudinis column�jCo/-rinthqrota crafl�cudo feapi. Igitur quod diiae partes e craffitiinbsp;dinecolumnarum capituIisCorinthiorumadiictuntur, effigt;nbsp;ciuntexcelf�tatefpecienj earumigractliorcm . C�teramem^nbsp;bra,qu3cfupracolumnasimponuntur,aute�oricisfymmenbsp;trijs, aut lonicismpribus, in Corinthiis columnis collocangt;nbsp;lur; quod ipfutn Corintliium genusipropriam coronar� re#nbsp;Jiquo^

liquorumc� ornamenrorum/non habucritinfiitiirionem,fe4 autc triglyphorum ranonibiis/mutuli incoronis,amp;inepi#nbsp;^yljisgutt� Dorico more di�ponuntur: aut ex lonicis inftitunbsp;tiszophori fcalpturisornati cumdentkulisamp;coronisdi'ftri#nbsp;buu ntur.Ira c generibus duobus capitulo interpofifo, cerd#nbsp;um gcnusiin operibuscftprocreatum . E columnarum cntmnbsp;formadonibustrium generum faftf funt nominariones, Donbsp;rica,lonica, Corinthia ; e quibus prima �i andquitus Do r icanbsp;C eft nata;Namt� AchaiaiPeloponncfocj tota, Dorus Hellenis

amp; OpdcosNymph�filius.regnaui't;iscj Argis'u�tuftaciui� Doraf' tate,Iunontstemplum �difi�auit;ei�sgcnerisfortuito formasnbsp;Fanum : deindeiijfdem generibusinc�teris Achai�ciuirad�nbsp;buSjCumetiamnum noneiretfymmctn'arum ratio nata.Pogt;nbsp;ftea autem quam Athenienfes/ex refponf�s Apollinis Delphi 'nbsp;cij.c�muni confilio totius Hellados trcdccim coloniasunonbsp;tempore in Afiam deduxcrunt, ducesqu�in i�ngulis colonris

Crcuf� filiodederunt,quera cdam ApolloiDelphisifuum fi� lium in rcfponfis eft profcflus, iscjleas colonias in Afiam de^nbsp;duxir,amp; Carij finesioccupauit, ibicptiuitates amplilTimas c�.nbsp;fiituit,Ephefum,Miletum,r4yunta(qu� olim ab aqua eft de#nbsp;uorata, cuius facra amp;i fuffragiumMilefijs tones atrribuerunt)nbsp;Pr4encm,Samum,Tcon,Colophona,Chium,Erythras,Phoinbsp;ccam,Clazomenas,Lebedum,Mcliren. H�c Mel it�,propternbsp;ciuium arrogantiam , ab hiamp;ciuitatibus bello indiAo/com#nbsp;muni confilio eft fublata,cuiusloco poftea^'cgis Attali 8C Arnbsp;finoes bencficiOjSmyrncorum ciuitasiinter lonaseft recepta.nbsp;H� ciuitates cum Caras Sc Lelegas eicciflent,eana,terrae re#nbsp;gionemtaduce fuo lonciappeliaueruntloniam. Ibic^jtcmpla Joninugiltnbsp;Deorumimmortalium conftituentes,coepcrunt Fana �dif�#nbsp;care:amp;primum|ApollinTPanioniolt;�dcm,un uiderant in;nbsp;Achaia,conltitucrunt,5c eam/Doricam appcllauerunt, cjuo4nbsp;in Dorieon ciuitatibus primum fadam cogenere uiderunr.nbsp;In ea aedccum iiolu iflent columnas collocarc, non habenrcsnbsp;l�mmetrias carum ,amp;qu3ercntes/qiiibus rationibusefficercnbsp;poffent, uti amp; ad onus ferendumferfentidone�, amp; in afpedu inbsp;proba#

1^0 M. VITRVVII POLL, probatam haberent uenuftarem:climenfi furtt uirilis pedis ucnbsp;ftigium;amp;cum inucniflentpedemffextam partem eflealdtu^ gnbsp;dinis in hominc,ita in columnam tranftulerunr, amp; qua craflinbsp;tudine feceruntbafim fcapi,tantum cam fexies cum capitulo'nbsp;inaltitudincm cxtulerunt.ltaDorica columnaiuiriliscorpOnbsp;risproportioncm,8efirmitatem,amp;uenufl:atem in �dificijsnbsp;pr�ftareccpit. ItempofteaDian�confl:itucrc�dcm,qu3rgt;nbsp;rentes noui generis fpeci�, rjfdem ucftigrjs/ad muliebre transgt;nbsp;tulcruntgracilitatem : �ifcccruntprimumtolumn� craffitunbsp;dinem/altitudihisodaua partc,ut haberent fpeciem cxcelfiogt;nbsp;remjbaf�'fpiram fuppofucrunt pro calceo, capituloKiolutasjnbsp;uti capillamento/c�crifpatoscincinnos/pr�pcndentes dextranbsp;aef�niftra collocauerunt;amp; cymatiis'amp; encarpispro crinibus Gnbsp;difpofitisjfrontcs ornauerunt ,truncoc� toto/ftrias,utiftolagt;nbsp;rum rugas'matronali moredemiferunt,Itaduobusdifcrimigt;nbsp;nibuscolumnarum inuentionem,unam/uirili fine ornatu/nunbsp;dam fpccie, alterana/muliebri fubtilitate, amp; ornatu fymme �nbsp;triacf funt imitati. Pofieri ucro/clegantia fubtilitatec� iudigt;nbsp;ciorum progrefl� ,amp;gracilioribus modulis deledati,(epteninbsp;crafl�tudinis diametros/in altitudinem column� Doric�, Iogt;nbsp;nicac/ofto femisconftituerunt Jd autem genus,quodlones fcnbsp;ccrunt,primo/Ionicum efi nominatum. Tertium ueroquodnbsp;Corinthi� dicitur,uirginalis habet gracilitatis imitationem,nbsp;quod uirgincs propter �tatis teneritatemgracilioribusmemnbsp;brisfigurat�, eflftdus recipiunt in ornatu uenuftiores, Eiusnbsp;autccapitiiliprima inucntio'fic memoraturefiefada. Virgt;nbsp;go ciuisCorinthia'iam matura nuptijs, implicita morbo/dc#nbsp;ceffit. Poft fepulturam eius,quibus ca uiuapoculis deledabanbsp;tur,nutrix colledaf�C compof�ta in calatho/pertiilit ad monunbsp;mcntum,�C in fummo collocauit : 5i uti ca permanerent diu^nbsp;tinsfubdiiio,r�gulatexit:is calathus/fortuitofupraacanthinbsp;radic�fuerat collocatus, Interim pond�r� prefla radix acangt;nbsp;dii media, f�lia/SC cauliculoscircaucrn� tempus profudit, eunbsp;ius caulic�liffecundum calathi latera crcfcentcs, Siab angulisnbsp;tegul�/ponderisneceff�tate expreflj,flexuras/in exfremasparnbsp;-�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;-J I

P l'opter cicgantiam 5c fiibulitatctn artfs marmore�,ab Athe nienf�busycatatechnosfueratnonn'natus, pr�ccrienshocmonbsp;numentum, animad uertir eum caladium, �C circa folioruin

nafcentcm teneritatem, dele�atuscg gcnerc(8c form� nouita^ te,ad id cxemplar/columnasapud Corinihiosfecit,fymine�nbsp;tnascjconftituit,exco(�/in operum perfeftionibus'Corinthijnbsp;generisdiftribuitrationcs.Eius autcmcapitulifymmctnaf�c

L cfl facienda,uti quanta fiierit crafl�tudo l�mx columnae,tantai U f�t alritudo capituliicum abaco.Abaci latitudoita habeac ra^nbsp;tionCjUt quanta fuerit alcitudo, bis tanta fit diagonios ab an#nbsp;guio ad angulum. Spaciaenimita iuftas habebunc frontet;nbsp;quoquoueri�s.

Laritudinisfrontesif�niicntur�ntrorfus,ab extremis angugt; lisabacijfu� frontis la�tudinisnona.Ad imum capitulitan^nbsp;tatn habcantcrafl�cudincm ,quantam habet fummacolum#nbsp;na ,pr�ter apothef�m*�i aftragal�. Abaci cralTitudofeprimanbsp;capituli aldtudinis.Dcmpfa abaci craffitudine, diuidatur relinbsp;qua parsin partes tres,exquibusainairtiofolio deiur :fcain^nbsp;dum foliummedi� altitudinem tcncat,cauliculi/eandem ha��nbsp;b�ant altitudinem, c quibus folia nafeuntur proic�a^uii aba

cum cxcipiatiquf I ex caulicorum folijs nanbsp;t�/procurrant ad exnbsp;tremos angulosuogt;nbsp;Iut3e,minoresquehcnbsp;lices floribusCquifln^nbsp;tra medium frontiunbsp;abaci func ) fubiedinbsp;icalpancur� Flores/nbsp;in quatuor partibusnbsp;quanta eric Abacinbsp;craff�tudo, tum magt;nbsp;gni formentur. Itagt;nbsp;his fymmetrijs,' Co gt;nbsp;rinthia capitula fuasnbsp;habebut exaftioncs,.

� Suntautem,qu�if(d�m columnisimponuntur, capitulogt; rum genera/uarri's uocabulis nominata,quorfi nccpropriOnbsp;latcsilymmetriarum, nec columnarum genus aliud/noniinaigt;nbsp;repoffumus

re poflumus: fed ipforum uocabulatradufta �� commutata cxCorinthiis,amp;puIuinads,amp; Doridsuidemus, quor� fym#nbsp;metri�funtin nouarumfcalpcurar� translat�fubtilicatcm.

Vodlom�dcapitulialtirudotertiapars] Hoc expre�tt Pliniui Li^.}6iC�p.i}, in hunc motium,Etdifnbsp;�renti�, ^uoniawc�pitulK Corinthiarumtddem eftdltinbsp;tudo,quteco�igiturcr(lt;�ttudineimdi ideo^ gracilioresnbsp;hidcntur. Jontct cnim capituli �ltitudoiteftia pars eH cra�ttudinis. B Sednbsp;aut eTriglyphoriim rationibusnautiili] QMem4lt;Jmod�(inlt;juit)nbsp;in �orico gcncrclfolcnt Triglyphi in Zophorisfcalpiyitd ad cor�i imitationnbsp;nemdcf�rmatifunt in Corinthiogenerain Caronis mutuli, et quod Triglynbsp;phis fupponercntur guttte, quid non itd uid�rentur dh lUis abhorrere mu-tuli^�ibieceruntnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;hisguttds.Nos uercuin antiquorum quiC extant monua

tnentis,nufquam uidimus�itppo�tas mutulis gutfas;qttod certe,� rent j^e dantus, magis rationi confentancum uidebatur, cuntre�rant canterioanbsp;rum capita ,unde�illicidium �ericertunre�: TriglypViautenutignorunt,nbsp;idexreccntioribusiBalthafaremS�henfcm�cijjeanimaduerto, fed eate*nbsp;nus�Triglyphorum effent loco,Prtetereundunramp; i�ud non e�,^rdmdnnbsp;temiin ambulatione Vaticanajd e�iprodudd i�^Ponti�cummaximorumnbsp;porticUyfuperTriglyphosco�ocajj�mutulos. C Dorus Hellenis8Cnbsp;Opticosnymph�filius. ] Doruw; ex t�doroRabanofcribitnbsp;SocatiusLib,GenealogiieDcoru)n:io.Cap.i.�i�eNcptunicrElopisnbsp;fi�um,�quoiDore! nomen cy'originemduxerint. D IoniiXuthiamp;:nbsp;Creuf�filio.] EtStrabo Lib.s. Xuthumilonis trddtt�i�epatrentinbsp;Stephanus autem Lib, de Vrbibus, Apo�inisnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Creuf� Erichthei�lium

�ribit, E Erquacrai�itudfnefeccruntbafimfcap�] 'Ba�tni hic(^paulopo�,non tamproplantao'infimd'Scapi parte, quampronbsp;eonflexu �ue Apophygi, uitde cra�itudo columifie iudicanda e�, accipit^nbsp;Alioquin�gni�cdtipfdmSpiram,qutefcapofupponttur, F ItaDori�-X iij

ca columnauirilis] CoIutnnarumhicrc/rrKnturgt;gencr(ttriit.Dori� farum,lt;iiiiefex crii�itudines funt dltlt;e,dccel)td dimcn�ene 4 pcdc uiri, q��nbsp;fextae/iparfdkitudinis corporis, Sccundlt;c�mulicbri/}jccicdu�d�funt,nbsp;^uibiunomeneHionicis ,({Uiefurtl dlticicrd�itudinis imnepdrttsnouenf�nbsp;Tertium gcnuhcft Corinthidru,lt;JMbus/eddem dltitudo quce lonicis,du�o^nbsp;rePli.di�o,cdp.tf, G Etcncarpis'procnnibusdifpofltis] EB�nbsp;f4rp��GriCCK fi-u�uofum ftgni�cdt) hoc loco-orndmentum e�,hoc cftflonbsp;rumfrondium^ CT pomoruni imptexus dtq; contextus, corondrio luxufinbsp;lijs florescrfru�uiinier curfdntibus'.cuiufmodifunt qutefertd zy corolquot;nbsp;ldftriumphdlcsinoflriuocdnt,itdlighirldttdds,cr ��ones 4fifliuitdte,dpnbsp;peUdt, H FortuitoifupraAcanrhiradic�fucratcoHocatus]nbsp;Qtj^Acdntho fcriptores trilgt;uuitt,tdm quddrdnt hcrbie,uulgo ^quod re�nbsp;rdt pedes tir� dt�erioresy brdnchd ur�ne dppeHdtte, ut nihil dmplius du�nbsp;bitdndtim �tfdm ipfdm e�e. Diofcorides ctidmHerpdcdnthdi� dit uacd�nbsp;rttib.f.cap.tr�Folidhdbetiinult�qu^ld�ucteldliord,longiordq;,eru�nbsp;cfi modo;inci[urisdiuifd.Edtenus Archite�i fy reliquidrti�cesin Coriftnbsp;thijs cdpitulis f'tnt ndturdm imitdti. Ndm cum cdulisfit duorum cubitofnbsp;rum dltitudine, cra�ttudine digiti, per interud�d.fub ip�tm uf^ uerticent 'nbsp;�liolis quibufddm oblongis ueluti nucamentis ue�ito, rx quibnstdndidUSnbsp;prodit flos�cmine obiongoiey luteo,cdpitido thyr�figurd�Hi qu�d mdgifnbsp;dd rem fudi� �ceret,bipdrtiuntur, ut inde procurrdnt in Abdci dnguluntlnbsp;Mdiores Helues�n eiuf dem mediumiminores, ut �cripfi Itbro tertio in di�nbsp;gre�ione^ 1 TuncCallimachus,quiproptcrelcgaritiam] Scrinbsp;bit Phnius bb.34.. cap.8. CaliimachuitrappcUdtum Cdcitptechnon,qu�dnbsp;femper effet cdlumnidtorfui,nec�nem hdberet diligentilt;ie,Eeperio ey di*nbsp;�um eff� TSM^�rcxvopjqu�ddrtemfubtilius cxpolijffet,fiue ut Pdufdnidtnbsp;tib.t,dit:^i TTjWTOS �eT^UTTH� TOui�v^ous,QtJ4nqH4m in impreffb �fnbsp;miscodicefcriptumeil,K�K.iZoTiXVop� K Animaduernccumcanbsp;Iath�,amp; circa folior� ] Vidmon �mchRomdscdpituld, qudnqudmnenbsp;gligenter �ild, n� ltd abhorrent ta ab hac inuentione, IK monte c�uirindli 'nbsp;e� Calat hus uario ucluti uimtnum implcxu contextus, Abacum pro tegu*nbsp;Id habens,cr Satyr !,qnos Romain itdibus Barptob�v alle eff� oneri߻nbsp;rundoetiamnunccollotatosretulimuSfprocapitulishdbentCalathospennbsp;dsntibuiiricemts�-H{itbus^pl�nos,[(dttU�oAbMoopertof, t Vti

DE ARCHITEC, Li�. im. 1^7 quantafueritcraflirudoim� column�] Vcnuflicrcrgrdtiornbsp;^urd e� ci{iitu� altitudo,� tanta.fitldempto Abucoicuiufmodi fir�fanf,nbsp;tjiuRomecrdlijsurbibui�antiquttuifuntiir^ H AbaciJatitudoitanbsp;habcatrationcm . ] Si imitin columns cra�itudinemquddratoclau*nbsp;fdm^circulo cinxerK,eumlt;}ue ipfumidlio guddrato iijcludiU, quntiidnbsp;los ducenlur line^e, duplo mdiores erunt imi Scdpt diametro, ed^erit iuflanbsp;/^bdcildtitudo^quifinudturttonnu�ishoc modo. CoUccdnteumadRegunbsp;idm expolitui�,ldtumlt;judntMndiximuti ety qudm mdgnae� front is eiuslinbsp;ned, defcribunt pdrium laterum tridngulS. quo dutem f�acio fuperdtur,nbsp;eo Idtitudinecra�itudo Scdpi imi,id diuidentes in pdrteis (^udtaor, tum cirnbsp;(ini crurein dngulo infimo confiituto, dlterum mobileddtcrtidm ufeji eefnbsp;fianquitfupcrdnl cra�itudinem Scdpidedu�um, per frvntis dngulos itdnbsp;tircumdgunt,utd.bldtistribui,retentdund,finueturidelumbetur^^cr�r*nbsp;n�entur nond lir�[ult;e Idtitudinis pdrte, dtlt;^ ubi lined circindtionisildterdnbsp;ffidnguli tditget,eutn'putdnt effecornuum Abaci ter min um.

flo triangulo quem diximits, ab angulis extremis Abaciin interiorem par tem recedentes,hinc atqf hinc pdrte decimd o�dUd^coHocato circini een*nbsp;trounoinangulo trigoniimo, altero.pereasrece�ionesdu�OfCircindnt,nbsp;eum^ e/fecornuum termmumidiunt. NottnuHifrontem Abaci ab extre�nbsp;�US angulis tot am dimetientes in partes nouem, ex eistpartem unam in menbsp;dio collocant,reliquis oflo propendentibus,iit quarum imaicircinitm coitanbsp;fiituuta, diducunt^ ad nontmuUam hinc at^ hinc agentes ad lineam fronnbsp;tK,ttrmmantq. cornudiubi dr�nus tangit Imeamfrontis. Omnium flnu�nbsp;dndi ratio non di�gt;licet:frd uideiitur mihi/in cornuum finitione errare,^nbsp;Jtti extra quadratum petunt, (y qui in quadrato �ecant: neutro enim molt;snbsp;doAbacilatitudohabiturdtH camrationem,qudm prafcribit vitruuius,nbsp;� e�,ut quanta fuerit altitudo,bis tanta fit diagontos linea : iHo enimaddinbsp;tur aliquid,tfloidemitur. Ego uer�mihd prater f�nuationemfieri oporterenbsp;txillimo,cornuaqi in angulum definerc�.quamuisiin ueterum monumentis/nbsp;tiu�um poffr ofiendi eiufrnodt putem ,� idioqu� (itperfunt, diner fa funtdnbsp;pr�ceptistquie tarnen ad hone Jiem extant capitula, corntid habet rx prionbsp;fumfententidterminatatUosquomodo Vitruuium frciffr intcUigamus,nbsp;frtbiedafigurae�endenms. N quot;Prxeer Apothe�nt.] Alias diciiurnbsp;^t��^h^is,refrrt^Trochtlif�ue Scotid port� dimidiatiefuperior� in [utn

mo Scdpo,in imo/inftriorcm, Hoc Mtcm locopro limbo Apopbygif inl�l* ligendum,cuius origocr primordiumifidt huiufmcdi.Veteres Architectnbsp;cum fcirent columuiis initiojligneasnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;rotundas,ut natura tulcrat,hoc eft�

� ex arboribus perpetuis, er �on dola~ tis, fuftinendi /^tgij teHorum gra^nbsp;tiadnuentas {quodt;^ Vitruuius linnuitnbsp;huius libricap. x. ) uidijfcnt^^icapiti*nbsp;busf�rreos addiiosannulos, ne ad portnbsp;dus ftnderentur.Pofleaimarmorearunbsp;in calce,latu annulum fixerunt, ^uenitnbsp;hoc loco/Apophygim nomtnat: incapinbsp;te uero lAftragalum, id eft Torulum,nbsp;tieluti torqu�/annulo addiderunt,qui*nbsp;bus adiumentis iligneam columnam uiquot;nbsp;^derant.communitam'.ude� in hoautinnbsp;�teris/naturam imitati prudentes rirnbsp;tiftces,lt;lUie ledificabat, leterna efti eldnbsp;borarunt, O Equibus foil ananbsp;fcuntur proiedra ] Luxatum �ynbsp;.deprauatum locum/curo hocpa�o.Enbsp;^uibusi/�lianafcanturproie�a/uti�*

bacum excipiant.Ex fauliculoriDnfitijsmatie procurrant adcxtremos ait gulos Volutie,minoref^i Helices floribus (i^ui intra mediumjrontium Abdnbsp;ci funt)fAie^liifcalpantur. Cur ita fcribam,ftcil� inte�iget, qui noftramnbsp;capitultdeftriptionemlegerit.Voloenim,ueterum monumentorumtitu^onbsp;ritate,cjfe Volutas,id eftmaioresheliccs,fub angulis: uolo/minoreshelicesnbsp;fcalpi/fubie�fos floribus, quidnftontium A bad medio.funt coliocati. Pnbsp;Minorcfque helices.] Volutule,di�ftei� flmtlit.udinecauliculorudn*�nbsp;nulatorum uitis,id eft capreolor�,^quiihelicesnominanturo(u�� t'is l/Stvio*nbsp;lt;rscamp;ou, id e^l � circumagendoicr inuoluettdo. ClduicultePlinio dicuntufnbsp;,lib,i}�inProoemio�

UV Oniam autcmde gcnedbus columnarutnion�gfnes, amp;i'nucntiones/fiipra fuiii: fcnptat : nonalienum mihinbsp;uidctur/ijfdem radonibus/de ornamcnriseorum,quemadnionbsp;dum funtprognat.i, amp; quibus pnncipiis amp; on'ginibusinuennbsp;ta,dicere. In fdifici]'somnibusinfuper)collocaturmateriado,nbsp;uarrjsuccabulisnomjnata. Eaaurc/ud in nominadonibus,nbsp;A itainrc/uariashabctudlicafes. Trabes enim/fupra coltinas,nbsp;B amp;paraftataSjSi ancas ponuntur;fn contignanonibus/dgnacenbsp;axeSjfub tc�isl� maiora fpacia funt,columen in fiimmo fafti�nbsp;gio culminisjundeamp;column� dicuntur,5ctranftra,iSi capronbsp;oli,ficommoda,coIumenjSicantherijprominentes ad extrcnbsp;� mamfubgrundadonem. Supra cantherios,tcmp!a:deingt;nbsp;f deinfupcr,fub tegulasiafferes ita prominentes ^ud parie tes/nbsp;proieduriscorum tegantur.Itaunaqu�q^� res/Silocum,amp;nbsp;� genuSj�i ordinem proprium tuetur,e quibus rebus, amp; a ma;nbsp;teriaturafabrili,in Iapideis'amp; marmoreis�diumfacrarumnbsp;aedificadonibus�rdficesdifpoGtiones eorumfcalpturisfuncnbsp;imitati,amp; eas inuendoncs perfequendas putauerunt: idconbsp;quodantiqui fabriquodam inloco �dif�cantes, cum itaabnbsp;inrerioribuspariedbusadextremas partes tigna prominentnbsp;tiahabuiflentcollocatajintertignia ftruxerunr, fupracpcoro�nbsp;nasamp;faftigia/uenuftiore fpecie'fabrilibusoperibusornauo

neam 5i pcrpcndiculum parietum/pcrfecuerunt : qu� fpecies 1 cum inuenuftarjsuifaefletjtabellasitaformatas,udminenbsp;unt triglyphi,c�tra tighorum pr�ciGoncsft'n fronte Gxerunf,nbsp;amp;easc�raccru!ea depinxeruntjUrpr�ciGonestignorum tegt;nbsp;ft�/nonoffendercntuifum.Icadiuil�onesdgnorum/tcft�trinbsp;glyphorum difpoGtionc,interrigni��Sc opam haberein Dogt;nbsp;hcisoperibuscccperunt, Poftcaialn inalrjsoperibus/ad pergt;nbsp;pendiculum triglyphorum'eantherios prominentes proiesnbsp;cerunr,corumcp proicduras'Gnuaucrunt. Exco titie tignoj?nbsp;rum di^poGtionibustriglyphi; ita'ecantberiorum proicftugt;nbsp;M dsimutulorum fub coronis ratio cil inuenta. Ira fereffn operi--^nbsp;H bus lapideis amp; marmoreis,mutuli inclinatifcaipturis delbr#

mantur, quod iinitatio cft canthen'orum, Ecenimncc eflano propter ftillicidia'prodinaticoIlocantur.Ergoamp;tn'glypho#nbsp;rum/amp;mutulorum,inDoricisoperibus,rauoicxeaimita�O;nbsp;nc inuenta eft. Mon enim^quemadmodum nonnulli errantesnbsp;dixeriintjfencftrarum imaginestefle triglyphos,ita poteft efle,nbsp;quod in angulisicontracj tetrantes columnarum/triglyphi'c�nbsp;ftituantur,quibusin locisiomnino non patiuntur res/fene^nbsp;ftrasfieri. Diflbluuntur enimfangulorum fn �dif�cijsiunAu�nbsp;raCjfi in his/fuerint feneftrar�lumina relidaZetiamc� ubi nuncinbsp;triglyphiconf�tnuntur,fiibi;luminum fpacia fiiilFe iudica�nbsp;bunturjijfdem rationibus/denticuli/in lonicisfeneftrarum ocnbsp;cupauii�elocauidebuntur. Vtracj enim(amp; inter dentieulos,nbsp;amp; inter triglyphos, qu�lfunt intenialla Metopsc nominan^nbsp;auid.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;� ��twenim Grxd(tignorum cubiliaSiafferum/appellanr,

* � utinoftri/cacaua,columbaria. rt3,quod inter duasopaseft intcrtignium,id/mctopa eft apud eosnominatum.Ita uti ante inbsp;in Doricis Iriglyphorum Sc mutuloru eft inuenta ratio, itemnbsp;in lonicisidenticulorum conftitutio,propriamin operibus hanbsp;betrarionemtamp;qucmadtnodummutulicantheriorumpro#nbsp;ieftur� ferunt imaginem,fic in lonicis/denticuli ex proiedu#nbsp;ris/afferum habentimitationem. Icac^ ingrxcis operibus,ne vnbsp;mo/fub rautulo denciculosconftituit:non enim poffuntfub#nbsp;rus cantheriosofleresefle . Quodergo/fupracantherios�Jnbsp;tcmplalin ueritatc debet efle collocatum,idin imaginibus, finbsp;infra e�ftitutum fuerit, mendofam habebit operis rarionem�nbsp;Etiamcj antiqui/n�probaiierunr,nelt;f inftituerunt/infaftigti'snbsp;mutulosaut denticulosficri, i�d puras coronas ; ideo/quodnbsp;ncccaniheri), nee affere^eontrafaftigiorum fronies/diftribugt;nbsp;untur,nef poffuntprominerc,fed ad ftiUicidiaprocIinaticolnbsp;locantur.Iia,quod non poteft in ueritatc ficrijid/nonputaue#nbsp;runt/inimagfnibusfadum ,poflecertanj rationem habere,nbsp;Onania enimicerta proprietate,amp; a uerisnaturx dedudis monbsp;ribus,traduxcruntinoperuinperfeAiones:5ieaprobauernf,nbsp;quorum cxplicationes'in difputattonibus rationenjpofTuntnbsp;habere ueritatis. Itaq?/cx eis originibus/ymetriaS Si propor#nbsp;tiones vniufcuiufcf gencrisconftitutas/rch'querunt : quorumnbsp;inprefluft

�ngrefTusperfecutuSjde Ionicisamp; Corinthrfs inftiturionibu�/ fupradixijnuncuero/Doricamrauonemfuram�c� ciu� (pc^nbsp;ciem breuiter cxponam�

b Tignaamp;Axcs.] Axes'�ucAlfa,undecodxitioO'Co^'� fitiojunt fe�ilef taiuke Ugne� ; affires iutemfunt trientdles�re, id e�nbsp;Uti�ri ijuatuor polliKf,fcd cra�iores. di�i eib a�idendo parictibta dtlt;]^nbsp;tignif,Au(ioreStx(o Powpew. Hermoldus Bdrbiruiiait^e�ecrd�iorem,nbsp;�rdngi^iim,inmodi�npdruiietribis,tnlt;�eriem. C Vndeamp;coluranbsp;n� dicuntur. ] N4m propri�colnmihefuntdrre�aridj^Uiecolumeit,nbsp;id e� fummum��igij percurrcnstigntvm fu�inecinnituntur uero trottianbsp;?ris.ide� trdnsuer�s trabibitt, hdbentnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cdprcolos, hoc efl/proclindtit

hinc dt^ hinc lignd, quietdntherios �tflinent, Culmen dutemidic� Seruiin � f�� te�utn.cju�d ueteresiaedificid culmis (egerent, id e�ipdleitnbsp;fmt�ibui, D Tranftra/�SCaprcoh.] Trdbesfu�inentesCdpreonbsp;iot,dicuntitr Trdn�rdmfurpdt trdn�iSdpro iigiUis�ib.f.cdp.it.Cd*nbsp;preolidutem/qui �nt,pdulomox dtcdm, E Canthcrrj prominenanbsp;fcs ad extrcmam ] Cdntherij dicunturllignd teili oblongd,d cultninequot;nbsp;dd extremum te�uMdu^diquie/HbiloitgiiiSprominent,efficiuntfubgrunnbsp;�ldm,td c� tedi pdrtem porre�liorem, ubi�tfltUicidium. Aiilt;tfuntiCdtt*

therij uocdbuii �gnificdtiottesindm itd dppeUdt equumiPortius Citoieu/m, eui exfc�i �tnt te�es'.zy dpud Plinium'cr Cotumctldm,pro �mpliciuinclt;ienbsp;iugo .VndexdnthcridtM uocdttt uitei,dd di�eretttidm edrttm,quie in longinbsp;tudirtcm Ctr ldtitudinem/iugdt�funt,quiei{ompluuidt� dicuntur, Cdntheanbsp;rio!os etiditi ColumeUd ditioportere d^ibere cdpitibui ccpdrumiamp; druitnbsp;dinibus,hoce�,ddminiculdiquibi(ifi(lcidntur. P Supracanihcriosnbsp;tcmpla. 1 Teinpl((trdnsuerfdponuntttr,utfcrib�mitscdpite,r. Gnbsp;Etamatcriaturafabrili-] ii^dteridturdidmdtcrid,idc�ligno,ede�nbsp;�brtlisdrs,qudmno$vninutidridnidicimui- H Cumitaabinrerio�nbsp;ribusparietibus,] Quod��igid.m�ontedutpo�ico�dnt,p4�)!cdrinbsp;licet/pud ueteres'tignd dire�ldlcoUocdri folere,non trdnsuerfd,id e�,nonnbsp;perldtitudinemtrdie�d, l Vrinunc �untTnglyphiJ Triglynbsp;piorum mentio/e� dpud Ari�otelem Itb, Ethkorutn w, Eins inierpref

Gritcu^ Ett�rdtim dicit i nonnullii uocari aiout Aa, uolentibuf, ut exi/h^-t^o�gni�care iHUfulos,r cs figura nbsp;nbsp;loco diucrfias,cum mutulorum lociai

ptin coroniStTrig�yfihorumfedes'inZofihoris, uii in fubicilafiguraui^ derclicct.Nelt;]ucenimftantimi uclim tribui Arcbitc�o Amphitheatri Do*nbsp;initiani, ut quod in fumnio Zophoro'mutulos coHocarit, idem omnibus li*nbsp;cere arbitremur;poterat enim isiciira reprehcnftonem,inopilt;e,qudm loeinbsp;altitudoadfirebat,occurrcre,idcfl:,qucgt;din extrema adificij parte ponbsp;tus Zophorus'humilior uideretur,f�confiietam cyr ufitatamZophoro*nbsp;rum ferudfict dltitudinem,quonidm d uifu noflroilonge efiet po�tus: pote^nbsp;rat inquamei inop�e, e^Sftt ita dicam) humilitatiioccurrcre, cra�itudinisnbsp;qui trif:ulptos uertitjaquearu trdr.stukrunt. H�ne, ut uerbu uerbo red�nbsp;didiffeinfictas irc no po�fiumus,ita!rcm ipfdmintcUex�jfi^noaudemus a�enbsp;rere ^ert� i�os cotendimusdonge aliter quam res haberetlexpre�iffe, Knbsp;Et ezsicera. c�rulea dcpinxcr�t- ] Ceras coloribus tingilad cas pidunbsp;ras qua inuruntur, Au�oreR Plinius hb.fs.cdp^M mir um uideri non denbsp;beat^� lulius Pollux lib.7:cap^i5.e:y�}ldrtidnus lurifioivPande�dibis^nbsp;defindoinfiruilo^easiin ptiloris infirumento ponant. Ceris pingere,acnbsp;pi� urdm inurercj quis primus excogitauerit,non conftardprodit Plmiut,nbsp;lamp;ro!

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. IIIL 173: Wro jf.cdp.tt.Eiui pr^ttreaniuo fitijje antiquitu^ genera, ceraamp; in ehonbsp;re ce(lro,id efl u{riculo,donec claffcspingi ccepere,tumiacceflifle tertium,nbsp;refolutisigniceris, penici�o utendi. �dgenuipi�ur�!Cdllixenuf Rhodiutnbsp;apud Athen�um lib. j. uocat iiH^o'ygae[gt;i'av,a!t/'cncauflicen dieunt. S�^nlnbsp;enim^cr flua pi�loribut cauteria,quorumprteter eateros meminit M artia^nbsp;tiwlurif tonfuluif Pande�.ltb,u, defiindoinflrudoquoetiamin loco,nbsp;conchae appe�at uaflculaif�ueteflas, ubi pi�oresifuos colores reponunt,nbsp;quadmarinisconchisiadearnrempiiloresutiUr�foleant, L Iradiuinbsp;fiones tignorum.] ideftpmi/toHCS. M Mutulorumfubco�nbsp;gt;�onisrano ] iNoninZophoro,qttod tamenin AmphitheatroT. Vesnbsp;fli�/tatnl/��liimuidetur, N Munili inclinati ] Nufquamtarnenui*nbsp;diinflonteinclinatos, fed re�los/Oquot; lt;cquilibres- O Conrraqiieteanbsp;tranres] Capiteproximolexplicabo, P Diffoluunturcnim an�nbsp;guloriim] Peneflrasin icdificiorum angulisinonputat tolerandas, quonbsp;uuiof7enetijspulcherrim��des laborant, q_ V ti noftri ea caiia Co 'nbsp;lumbaria.] Alioquin'ColumbariadibroiQ.cap. s^funt�ramind�uenbsp;canalesfecundumflngulos axis osantes, pcrquxfaqua in Tympano hau^nbsp;florio organoconceptd,e{fluit. Prifciattwlib. exPlduti Rudente^C�nbsp;lumbar interpretdturiuinculigenw,t�dor us lib.t�). cap, 2. putatejfccosnbsp;lumbari^din fummis nauium lateribus loca cocaua, per qu�leminent remi,nbsp;di�}a,qu�dfint fimilia latibulis columbdrumiinquibus Kidiflcdnt,Varroanbsp;nienim cy Columell�ifunt loculdm�td,inquibusifinguld paria f�tiflcant,nbsp;cumPaUadiusipfumsrd^lGi^o'r^oqi�ov, idefl locum dlendisColumb�nbsp;deflindtum,it�appe�ct, R i�acj;inGr�cisoperibus] idwfij'dtt�nbsp;tiquorum, utic�tera omnia, ufq; ddeoiplerique omnes ArchiteUiHut pernbsp;manus traditum dcceperunt, cr imbiberunt,dut non doiliuifum dmplexinbsp;funt, ut quivitruuium funt fecuti,n:t�ius in operibus uitij �gd'tam de�e�lanbsp;tos apparedt,qu�m hoc qua�uiffe, btimium contra natur am uidcMfubnbsp;tnutulisdenticulosRom� inTitt Vcjfa�anicy Conflantini, dtqueNcr�� ,nbsp;firnicthus, inq- eiufdem i^eru� porticu, zy thermis Diocletiani, Veronenbsp;in Thcatroicrduobus ucteris flru{lur��rnicibus,AriminiUno : tota desnbsp;tiiq- Ualia,zy'ubi nord Verecundius,quiextruxit Panth�on Tctrplum Ronbsp;gt;)i�,cr�rnicem Beneuenti,ubi � Tcniafub mutulis eft,dt ccrt�inonfl^ld :nbsp;(a dcttticulos'McoUigcrchincpo�is, non continuo cumplaufu cxcipicisi.

174 M, VlTRVVIl POLL, da effe cjujccune^^quaiuuis magno ante tempore conjlru�la. ludicium fai^nbsp;adhihendum,cr ea demum in eperibia imitanda,qult;ei� natura rerum nonnbsp;ufyaequaquefint abhorrentia:id quod cr opt�t, t�- queritur non �erhVinbsp;truuiuiltbro^r�eap,f, S Nequeinftitucrunt ] Luxatusefilocutnbsp;bic;mihi autemuidetur poffe in artitt redire;hoc modo. Nc� mftituerunfnbsp;in ^igijsmutulos aut denticulos fieri; fubiungit enim,ldeoquod nci can*nbsp;therifinecafferes,Cfc. Mutwlosuero in fifiigiorumfi-ontibuiuideree�nbsp;Romi, inPronaoPantheifif turrifemefamontisQtiirinalif, quamBlotfnbsp;dwi�^o Ulaecenatft crediditicietert fir�/Templi Solis partem fiiifie exifii*nbsp;manti veronit etiamin �rnicibui duobuf, Arimini item in uetufio uno*

NO Nnulli antiqui arcbiccfti/negaucrunt Dorico gencgt; rc �des facras oportcre fieri, quod mendof� amp;incon#nbsp;ucnientesin his fymmetn'ae/conficiebancur.Itacj! negauitTarnbsp;chefiuSjitem Pythcus,non minus Hcrmogcnes.Namis,cuinnbsp;paratam habuiffet marmoris copiam | in Doric� �disper�gt;nbsp;fed:ioneny:ommutauit,amp; exeadem copia�am lonicamU#nbsp;bero patn fecir. Sed ramen, non quod inuenufta eft fpecies,nbsp;aut genus,aut for m� dignitas;fcd quod impedita eftdiftribunbsp;tio, amp; incommodaiin operc triglyphorumlacunariorum 0nbsp;diftributione. Namq^/necefle eft triglyphos conftituitontranbsp;medios tetrantes columnarum;metopascj,qu�)intertriglynbsp;phos fientjseque longas eflc,quam altas: contr alt;j�n angularnbsp;res columnasitriglyphi in extremis partibus conftituuntur,nbsp;�inoncontramedios tetrantes.Itamctop�,qu�!proximcnbsp;ad angulares triglyphos flunt,nonexeunt quadrat�,fed ob#nbsp;longiores triglyphis/dimidia ladtudine. At qui metopas �#nbsp;quales uoluntfacerepntercolumnia extrema contrahunttri#nbsp;gly phi dimidia altitudine.Hoc autemffiue in metoparS Ion#nbsp;gitudinibus,fiuctntcrcolumniorumcontradionibuscfficiagt;nbsp;iur,eftmcndofum. Quaproptei�antiquilt;euitare uifi funtin xnbsp;dibusfacriSjDoric�iymmetri�rationem. Nosautem'ex#nbsp;ponimus,uti ordo poftulat,qucmadmodum a pr�ceptori#nbsp;busaccepitnus;uufi quis uolueritihis uuonibus attendens'nbsp;itain#

DE ARCHITEC LIB. nil. 179 itaingrcdi,habeat proportiones explicitas, qiiibusemenda#nbsp;tasamp; fine uitiis efficerc poflit^dium facrarum Dorico morenbsp;B perfediones. Frons �disDoric�lrnlocOjquocolumnfconnbsp;g rtituuncur,diiiidatur,fitetraftyloserir,inpartesxxvrj;fihexagt;nbsp;ftylos,xlq:exhisparsiinaeritmodulus,quigr�ceiMC�Tf(y dief#nbsp;lur,cuius moduli confticutioncfrationibus^ffjciuntur omnisnbsp;operis diftributiones. Craffitudo columnarum'critduoruoinbsp;modulorum,altirudo cum capitulofeiiifi. Capiruli craffitudo�nbsp;unius modulijlaticudo/duorum de moduli fcxt� partis. Crafnbsp;fitudo capiruli/diuidatur in partes tres, e quibus/unaplinthusnbsp;V cum cymatio fiat ,alteratechinus cum annulis ,tertia/bypo^nbsp;trachelion jCotrahatur columna ita, uti in tertio libro de loninbsp;cis eft fcriptum. Epifty Iq akitudolunius moduli cum t�nianbsp;amp; guttis : taenia/moduli feptima, guttarum longitudofubnbsp;t�nia contra triglyphos, aka cum regula/parte fexta modu'�nbsp;K pr�pendeat. Itemepiitylijlatitudoima�refpondeathypo�nbsp;tl trachclio fumm�column� . Supra epiftyliumrcollocandfnbsp;I funttriglyphicum fuis metopis/aki unius amp; dimidiati mo�nbsp;K duli,latiin frotduniusmoduli:itadiuifi,ut in angularibusnbsp;columnis, amp; in medqs'contra tetrantes mediosfintcolloeat#,nbsp;amp; intercolumnqs rcliquis bini,in medijs/pronaoamp;pofticonbsp;cerni:ita relaxtis medqs intcruallis^fineimpeditionibus,adJnbsp;lus/accedcnribus erit adDeorum fimulachra. Tr^lypho#nbsp;rum latttudo/diuidatur in partes lex, ex quibus/quincf partesnbsp;in medio, du�dimidi�/dextra ac finiftradefignentur, r�gulanbsp;una/in medio deformetur femur, quod Gr�ce dicitur,nbsp;fecundum eam/canaliculi,^d norm� cacumen imprimantur�nbsp;Ex ordinecorum,dcxtraacfiniftra,altera femora conflituan#nbsp;tur, arque in extremis partibus/femicanaHculiinterucrtantur,nbsp;��S�yphis ita collocatis,mctop� i qu� ffint inter trigly#nbsp;t phos,�que alr� fint,qu�m longae. Item/in extremis anguKsnbsp;fetnitnetopia fint impreffa/dimidia moduli latitudine . Itanbsp;enim erit, ut om nia uitia / �I metoparum amp; intercolumnio�nbsp;rum,amp; lacunariorum,quod'�quales diuifiones faA� erunt,nbsp;cmendentur, Ttiglyphi capitula/fexta parte moduli funt fa#nbsp;cienda*

17^ M. VITRVVH POLL. facienda.Supratriglyphorumcapitula'coronacftcollocangt; ��nbsp;da'in proieAura dimidia,5� fexta paree,habens cymati�� Do#nbsp;rkum in imo,alrcriimin fummo,iicm,cum cymatrjseoronanbsp;craiTa ex dimidia moduli. Diuidend� autem funt in coronanbsp;iina/adperpcndiculum,Triglyphoruiniamp; ad mediasmeto#nbsp;pas uiarum.'dire�ioneSj�i gutiar� diftributiones, ira uti gut# Mnbsp;t� fex'in longitudincm, tres/in latitudinem patcant : reliquanbsp;(pacia,quod latiores funt metopf/quam triglyphi, pura relin onbsp;quantur,aut fulmina icalpantur, ad ipfumt^ mentum coro#nbsp;n�/incidarur linea,qu3eifcotia dicitur, Reliqua omnia tympanbsp;na,l�m3e,coron�,qucmadmodum fcriptum eft in lonicis, itanbsp;perficiancur.Hxc ratio in operibusdiaftylis ericconftituta�

Siucrofyftylon'amp;monotriglyphonopus eritfaciendum, d frons�disl� tetraftylos erit,diuidatur in partesxix.S: fihexa Rnbsp;ftylos erit,diuidatur in partes.xxix. S: ex hispars una erit monbsp;dulus,ad quem(uti fupra fcriptum cft)opcra diftribuctur. Itanbsp;fupra fingulacpiftylia,amp;metop� dutriglyphi fingulii^nbsp;crunt collocandi.ln angularibus'non amplius,quam quan# *nbsp;lum eft fpacium hemitriglyphi.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Accedet id in mediano*

contra faftigium trium iriglyphorum �i quatuor metopa# 2^ rum fpacium,utlatiusmedium intercoltimnium acceden#nbsp;tibus ad �dem!habcatlaxamchtum,amp; aduerfus fimulacranbsp;deorum/afpedus dignitatem . Infupertriglyphorum capi#nbsp;tula'coronaeftcollocandahabens( uti fupra fcriptum eft) cynbsp;matium Doricum'inimo,alterum(infummo. Item cum cy#nbsp;matiis coronatrafla exdimidia. Diuidend� autem funtn'nnbsp;coronatma ad perpendiculum trj'glyphorum,amp;ad mediasnbsp;metopas,uiarum dire(ftioncs,amp; guttarum diftributiones,nbsp;amp; reliqua quoque, quemadmodum ditftum eftindiaftylis,

Columnas autemfftriari.xx.ftrijs oportet,qu�'fi pJanae 2/ erunt,anguk)s habeant.xx,def]gnatos: fin autem excauabunnbsp;tur,fic eft forma facienda, ica/uti quam magnum eft internal#nbsp;him ftri� ,tam magnis ftriaturac paribus lateribusquadra#nbsp;turn defcribatur : in medio autem quadratolcircini centrumnbsp;�collocetur,0lt; agatur linca rotundationis, quae-quadrationisnbsp;angulos

�ngulostangat,amp; quantum crit cur uatur� inter rotundatio^ ncm amp; quadratam dcfcripdonem, tantum ad form am cxca^nbsp;uentutjita Dorica columna/fui generis ftriaturj habebitper^

� fcftionem � De adieftione eius,qu3e media adaugetur ( ud in tertio uolumine de loniciseft perfcn'pta ) ica in his'transfcnbsp;ratur.Quoniam exterior fpecicsfymmecriar�jamp;Corinrhio#nbsp;runj,amp; Doricorum,amp; lonicorum ,'eft perlcripta^neceffc cfVetinbsp;*m interiores cellarum pronaicj diftributionesjexplicarc .

Cr in praamio lib.7. Cifterum iur lonicai� Libero patri ficerit Hermon i^�fs,dnbt�Mdcri poteratinifihKhcap,iftra�idiffetjl(tttoni,Diana!,Unbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;� C

bero pdtri itd con�ruioporterc.i^dm cum Deorum triplex rdtiohalgt;itlt;i clf�tyfirtiumidelicatorum.cr mediorum-./ortibufUt Nlarti,Herculi, Wi�nbsp;tterute, lt;edes Doricte [cueriort! I�ru�ur� con�itutlt;e funt: delicatiorihM,nbsp;ut Veueri,Proferpinie,Florte, Cortnthio generepropter teneritdtem openbsp;ris f��lee f�nt:me(tijs,ut lunoni, Didit�, Bdccho^con�rut�tefuttt Ionics,nbsp;gu�d id genus tcdcs/tcmperatie fint, id e�, nec uf^ucqudei; grttcili florida^nbsp;fintllruilttrd,necrurfusfeuerd. B Et hcitnariorumdiflributionbsp;nc. ] Ldcuifttrid^quie InqucdriiHcr Idcus dicuntur ,auaore Seruio)nbsp;funtcontigttiitionum c�(H(M,�ndc ldqueatlt;e coenationes appellcintur^Lu*nbsp;ciUius dpud ifidorum lib. i^.Refultant itdesqiilttcufqi � Quod Mtem dd Idnbsp;cundriorum di�ributtonem dttinet,�iendum, Idcundrid dtci/cr tignd ipfdnbsp;Zsf-inter tignid. Udqucicum Triglyphifrefirdnt extcr iorem tignorum pdr�nbsp;tem,z^ qua inter duo funtinterud�d,ippemetopit;�i�orumierdt impcdinbsp;td di�ributio,cr interior urn Idcundriorum nccejfi efli�tt�e impedttdm,nbsp;l�ud ddddm/du�drij loco,dntiquorum luxuridmiuerfdtilid coendtionum Idnbsp;f quedrid �ciffe,zy itd codgmentdfie, utfubindeidlid�cies dtq^ dlidfucccdenbsp;ftt, toties tedd'quoties�rculd mutdrentur. AuHor ctus rei Senecdnbsp;j Epi�.ltb.14. C SedoblongioresTn'glyphis] Scn'6endK�M,oamp;�nbsp;longiores Triglyphi dimidtd Idtitudine j fit fenlus, funt longiores qudinnbsp;decerc�femimodulofiue uno Tetrdnte.'Ndm oportebdtiffe pdribus Idte*nbsp;ribus quddrdtds,cr occupdre/f^tum pnmum columndrum T�lrdntem,menbsp;d.'oj duosiferudri extremo hinc dtquehincTriglypho � Si uero Triglyphi 1nbsp;fuperduos extremes TetrdntescoUocentitr,necc�ce�metopasproductnbsp;in duos priores. Qu�d dutemdimididldtitudineihic zypdulopo� re�ienbsp;tuendum fit, ficil� iudicdbit, qui fciueritiTriglyphorum medidm dltiiudi*nbsp;ttem/efie femimoduli, qudrta partis unius moduli, cum ip�e metopa 1nbsp;quddrdeumfolofemimoduloftiperent. D Frons �dis Doric� innbsp;loco, quo ] Scritend�)�, fi Tetrd�ylos erit�i pdrtes xx'^ij. fi Hcxdflynbsp;los^xi, I J. Ndm/z fuprd finguldrumcolumndrum Tetrdnfes/toHocdniurnbsp;finguliTriglyphi,ct infingulis intercolumnijs dnguldrilus/triglyphi duo,nbsp;Cf metopa tres, in medidnoimetopa qudtuor ZSquot; Triglyphi tres, metopanbsp;autemicrdffefintmodulum unumz^ femiffem,ip� uer� triglyphifcrd�inbsp;tnodulum unum,ddie�is fingulis in extremis dngulii femimetopi}s(ut uo*nbsp;f^^)fiTe.(l�fiupputdbis, reperiesmpdulos/omnino nonefiepluresuigintinbsp;fepteiu

DE ARCHiTEC. LIB, lilT. 17p fepttm� Tttfii�ylos erit.Qvodf�f�erit licx�flylos,ficntmoduli(ltMdrinbsp;gintaduoi adduntur enint utrinKj^ilriglyphttrcs, er mctopte tres, id e^linbsp;Kodukc^uindecim� E Exhisiuna parseritmodulus,] Modulamnbsp;ticdpitipro menfurit,^ua Portes oninesdimetiendie funt, cain ali/s� cra�inbsp;tKd�Hc itHtfcitpi columniCjin Donco generc d triglypho,petitur, F Al�nbsp;leraEchinuamp;cum annulis. ] Subdudi tribus, nttmtotdnimdduerlinbsp;uddi�cluti regulds fub Echinoiin antiquorum operibm Doricis'in Tufatanbsp;tttdsautem,unicumannulum, G TertiahypotrachelionjQwiMnbsp;tmendauit,dcceptus e�, quod paul�po�'hypotracbelion fummg columitienbsp;nominet,cr cap,t.lib,}.de contradura hypotracheliorum, id e� f trnmitnbsp;rum columnarum trAdiderit,Saneaduertendume�,Doricoru^ Tufca^:nbsp;nicorum capita lorum partem imam, etiam hypotrachelion did, ut I'lquetnbsp;txcap,7.huiuf hbri-Leo Albertiuco�um uocat, Vt hocloco �ribendumnbsp;f�erit,terttabypotrachelion,deinde,Cohtrahaturcolumnd,f^c, l�ud ta�nbsp;mennacendum non e�, at�maducrfummtnui contrahi Doricas columnas /nbsp;qu�m lonicoi. Adh^ec, hypotrachelta Dorica/aliospura reliquiffe, alios/nbsp;rofas,aut acanthi�ltafcalp��e, H Alriuniusamp;dimidian Mo�nbsp;dull,] synccrior fcribendi ratioinon patitur ita did,f;d, alti dtmidiatimtnbsp;tnodulum,cr latifinum modutum. ipfe uero vitruuiusfecurusi�iu�noenbsp;direrum,/imilidicendigenereutiturlib. to.cap.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;. Quincr

Columcl.lib.dcarbor-cap.s(fimodo uitio no caret locuf)eo dicendigenere ufui e/lthunc Mcr� in modum fcribit.Sulcum autemterrenum/pedum duo�nbsp;rum altumi^longumfepluaginta, una opera effodit. Sed cr Varronent gt;nbsp;annotauiapudPlinium Lib.to.cap.tf.non abh�rrui�e,cumPorfennafcquot;nbsp;pulchrumdefcriberet. i ContraTctrantesniodiosfintcollo�nbsp;ti. ] id e�diuifafcapicra�itudineinpartes quatuor, ita triglyphifupranbsp;tolumnas collocentur,ut partes medias duasloccupent,relid is utrinq^�n�nbsp;gulis i in exiremis�antum dee�,quantum fuperatur fummus feapus abnbsp;imo,hicautem cra�us e�duos modulos,triglyphi/unum(o�u�imodo:con�nbsp;trahituruer�fummusfeapus,utferiptumeft hb.}. cap.z- Locatusitaqfnbsp;triglyphusfuper duos me�ostetrantes,ncce�ie�foccupctpauxtllum plut/nbsp;quamdextraat^�ni�rarclinquatur. Bramantes^t id obiterdicanhinnbsp;ambulatione Vaticana, non triglyphos,fedmetopas-adpcrpcndicuiuntnbsp;(olumnarumcollocat,non imitanda hcentia : quanquam ear fuos inuenit

imilatore!, K In intercolumniisrcHquisbinj.] Infercolutn* niutnihoc loco �ccipiendum, quantum 'Epi�ylij t�/a triglypho,qM fupernbsp;columnamc�,adalium,qui[uperproximamcilcollocatu{, L Inex�nbsp;trcmis angulis] Semimet opia dicuntur,qu�d dimidiarummetoparuntnbsp;fint loco'quanquamlnon earum dimidiatarum,fed femimoduli �re h�tentnbsp;cra�itudinem, id^propter fcapi fummi contrail ur am, ad cuim refi/on*nbsp;dentperpendiculum� M Coronaeftcollocanda] ldefl,coronitnbsp;proie�uralficienda e� ex dimidia parte moduli, quantum f ulicet alta cft,nbsp;ut fuhiunzit.Inquo/nonpo�iim non ualde mirari,quid uenerit in mentet�nbsp;archite�o Theatri M.Marcelli,quitcoronamproieceritduplo�remagifnbsp;quam par erat. Id tamenluideo non di�gt;licuiffe Sangallo, qui in extruendanbsp;Famefiorum domo, eadem fitufutcorona. N Ita/utigutt� fex innbsp;longitudinem,] Suntomninoguttte,qu�lincoronaimafcatpunturadnbsp;perpendiculum fingulorum triglyphorum,decem (j- odo, �gurlt;e diuerlt;nbsp;fie ab eis,qu�fubtriglyphi5 propendent, Hamhnetconifiuemeu�gura

-deformantur,�teue� roiad circinufiunt,utnbsp;$ in TheatroM.l/lar-snbsp;animaduerti*nbsp;mut. O Purar�=nbsp;linquanrur,3NMf�nbsp;; quam in antiquorumnbsp;monumentiiiuidi inimacoronafcalpta Fulmina; ficui ueroiexVitruuifnbsp;pr^eceptoplacebit fcalpere,�)rmtudua�appofui:fimpliciorempetitamnbsp;tx �rnice antiquo Arimini, cuiufmodi fir� uifitur etiamin numifmatdgt;usnbsp;Augu�i patris/cr Neroniaalteramiex Cochlide columna Traiani,quie e�nbsp;Romitlineiusprincipisforo. P Haccratio inoperibus] idcfl,ittnbsp;h� operibus,quorum intercolumniaitrium columnarum cra�itudtnem hanbsp;bebunt intcrpofitam:ita lib.j.Vitruuiuf cxpofuit. fed in triglyphorum ernbsp;metoparum di�ributione,�iiaratio habendae�:namprlt;etertriwm columnbsp;narum interua�um/additur intercolumniorum Epifly�jsCut diximm) fe�nbsp;tnimodulus. Q_SiueroSyftylon SCmonorriglyphon] ide�,nbsp;tuiufintercolumnium tantum patet,quantumcraff� funt columns duie,nbsp;ttecht�etplurcstriglyphosjquamunumtquemicircun�ent dult;emetop�.

Sy�ylon tier� hoc loco no propri� dicitur, qui4nbsp;i columns ((dcolumnatunbsp;fblum eft trium modulonbsp;rum interudSum, cumnbsp;Syftylonftt quatuor,nbsp;quidem habet J^acitunnbsp;duarum columttarum.nbsp;Scd quemadmodum nonnbsp;ita mult urn ante,inlerconbsp;lumnitim interpretati funbsp;mui, quantum � trigii*nbsp;pho ad triglyphum cRnbsp;f^acij,nonquantum � conbsp;lumna ad columnam: ita inbsp;ft hoc loco accipimui,nonbsp;dubium eft, quin ftntfttenbsp;turi moduli quatuor,idnbsp;eft, duie metep�, O' trhnbsp;glyphui unut.R Fronsnbsp;�disfi Tetraftylosnbsp;eri�tjdiuidatur] Locus hKtmendoluseft,Scriiendumautem,Sitetrat:nbsp;ftylos erit,diuidatur in partes-xix. S. Si hexaftylos erit,dii(idatt(rin par*nbsp;tes^ xxix. Se iditaoftendo, Hoc diftrrt opus Syftylon monotriglyphoni�nbsp;dtaftylo,qu�d in huius angularibus intercolUmnijsftint metope tres cr trinbsp;�yphi duo,quelelpciunt modulos fexcumdimidio: in mcdianouer�me�nbsp;top� quatuor, trighyphitres,id eft,moduli noucm:in illius aut intercoliimnbsp;�lijs angularibusfunt metope due cum triglypho uno, id eft moduli qua*nbsp;tuor,in mediano ueroimctope tres, triglyphi duo,id eft,modulifcx o ftquot;nbsp;gt;nir (no enim eft neceffe/admonereftupra tarantes columnaru medios,ftnnbsp;^idoseffctriglyphos, id eft,totidemmodtdo5)fuperatur igitur Syftylonnbsp;sgt;pUi utrinq- ftngulis modulis duobus o femiJJe,O' in mediototidem ( denbsp;tetrafty�io enimtnunc mihi eft res ) id eft, in uniuerfimifeptem modulis cynbsp;ftmiffAtqui oftcndimuiltetraftyli dyaftyli modulos cfft,i7,.� quibiuift

X nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;X *

lia. ] Supra �ngula^ Epi�yiij partes, ttonfonbsp;lum/quce intercoluni�*nbsp;nijs refpondeiit , fednbsp;queefunt � triglypho adnbsp;triglyphum.T �tmenbsp;top�duf Sc criglynbsp;phi] im�) �nguUtri'*nbsp;glyphi,nonbini;und�nbsp;les� monotriglyphi n�*nbsp;men nail um eft id ope^nbsp;ris genus'.cjuare/pro binbsp;ni,finguli fcribendum*nbsp;Nec em'w poftunt effenbsp;in intercolumnidtriglynbsp;phi duo,ubi funt meto^nbsp;pcefolumduce, V Innbsp;angularibus hocnbsp;amplius] Expungettnbsp;da diHio dimidiatuntfnbsp;nam quantum hemitri^nbsp;glyphus amplus eft, tantum in angulis ( quantum fcapi contrailura pati^nbsp;tur,ca tntmprudenti Archite�o moderabitur)rclinqu�ndum,id eft f:mi^nbsp;modulus utrtnq;,qui�/diximusfemimetopiortimnomineaedpi. Quodfinbsp;anmaduertere feueruKlcr caftigarc mihi permittatur,ucl reclamanttbutnbsp;omntbtts exemplaribus,ifti fcriptunenotam tnuram, er tn deportatie lo�nbsp;cumihanc fufficiam, tnangularibusinon amplius,qu�m quantum eft J^aeUnbsp;umhcmitriglyphi. Tripltcem enimhabendameffe intriglyphis diftribiicitnbsp;dislEpiftyliorum rationcmcenfct, angulariutumediani, cr eorumqu^nbsp;uirmque'inter hoc cr tlla funt;tfta ait in Syftylo cr mcnotriglypho gene�nbsp;tehibere metopas dticts^ar tnglyphum unum.Angularia autemifemitri�nbsp;- -nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;------ glypht

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. IilI. ,g^ /piciuni,negi arnftliiu quicquttm. Kedi(inumttcro,triglyp}}otnbsp;tres'zy metopMquatuor iUttenimnosemenddmiu , X Inmedianonbsp;contra faftigium] �ierinonpotefl,utcc�ocatisliipracolumnaitrianbsp;ilyphis,in lAcdiano intercoli^niatriglypbi tres conftituantur ,z^tioplunbsp;gt;�� qu�m tres metope. Quarei� earn fcriptionem recipimtu,exigenda Ionbsp;cojdii^io trium,e:y pro ealfcribcndum quatuor,ut �t,trium triglyphoruminbsp;�quot; quatuor metoparum. Statim enimipo� coUocatos fupra columnar trilt;inbsp;gt^pboj, fequitur mel-opa i deinde triglyphus, po� metopa} inde trigiy*nbsp;f phus.poft metopa tertiasdeindetertius triglyphas,fequitur quarta metoanbsp;pa,'inde,fupra columnaitrigfyphus, Videsm intercolumnio/ejfe metopasnbsp;^uatuor.cum �nt triglyphi tres,fed quod uel no�ra emendationecenfuerinbsp;fnuifdia�yli et fy�yli diuerfa effe mediana intercolumnia,fcribendum ex�nbsp;gt;fiimamiis,duorutriglypl}orumcr triummetoparum.y: Viarum dinbsp;reptiones. Ali�s'hiczy- paul�antedegiturdire�iones. Cuiufmodiauanbsp;teinfculpturafiierit,nonconuenit, Z Qu�fiplan�crune] Co�nbsp;lumnie Doricie, aut angulis in�gniuntur uiginti, aut totidem excauanturnbsp;firigibi{f,fed fuoquodam'Cf pr'tgt;pfi�� prieferibitur. Ndmrflnbsp;aliud flriandt genus/ lonicis aptum, denbsp;quo/ipfe dixit cap. ultimo lib.3, Q�lt;e �rinbsp;antur aut red is lineis, aut in clauicula�nbsp;rum modu/furfum uerfus obuolutis/�rifnbsp;antur, ut in cochleis torcularium uiderenbsp;licet. Corinthi�/ab Ionic is �riasmutuannbsp;tur, fed aut totne/a fummo ad imum ex*nbsp;cauantur,autparti� trium in�}na,ueluti �nbsp;baculo inferto, opplentur , Sunt Roma/nbsp;in Ra�licaTyPetri�rijs alterna oi-dine,nbsp;clauiculatim �iratimq} obuolutis/�ria*

i84 M. VITRVVn POLL, gitudinis dimidi j partis, ipfac� ccllaiparte quarta longior Gr.nbsp;quara cftlaticudo cum pariete, qui pariesfualuarum habuericnbsp;collocationem.Reliquftrcspartcspronai/adantas parktutnnbsp;procurrant,qii3e antx/columnarutn craffltiidinem haberenbsp;debent.Et G �dcsierit laticudine maior/quatn pedcs. xx. duaenbsp;column� inter duas antas incerponantur ,qu� difiungantnbsp;ptcromatos/8i pr�nai (paciutn.Item intercolumnia tria^quf .nbsp;erunt inter antas,^SCeolumnaSjplutcis marmoreisfiue ex intcnbsp;ftino op�re facflis/intercludanturjita�ti fores habe�t,per quas 'nbsp;itinera/pronao fiant, Item/G raaior erit latitudo quam pegt;nbsp;des.xl.column�/contra regiones c�lumnarum.quxinterannbsp;tas funt^introrfus collocentur,amp; e�/aldtudin�habeant �que,nbsp;quam qu� funt in fronte.Crafficudines autem earum ;extenUnbsp;entur hisrationibuSjUtifiodaua parte erunqqu�funtinfronnbsp;tc,h� fiant nouem partes. Sin autem nona,aut d�cima ,pronbsp;rata parte fiant.In c�clufo enim aamp;e,fi quae ext�nu�t� erunt,nbsp;non diieernentur; fin a�t uideb�tur graciliores, cum exterio 'nbsp;ribus/fueri nt ftri� uigirttiquatuor,in his faciendj cr�t.xxv�j.nbsp;aut.xxxij.Ita quod detrahitur de corpore feapi ,ftriarum nu^nbsp;mero adiefto adaugebitur ratione,quo minus uidebitur ,nbsp;Itaexjquabitur/difpari rationecolumnarumcrai�ttudo.Hocnbsp;autem'efficit caratio,quodoculus,piura amp; crebriorafignanbsp;tangendo,maiorcuifuscircuitioncpcruagatur, Namqueifinbsp;du� column� �que craG�e'lineis circummetientur,c quibusnbsp;una/ficnonftriata,ԣaItera!firiataiamp;cJrcafirigiumcaua^Si �nbsp;angulos�lriarum/lineatorporatangat,tamctfico(umnf jquenbsp;craff�fuerintjline�qu� circundat� erunt, non erunt �quanbsp;les;quodfiriarumamp; ftrig�um circuitusimaiorem eff�cietli^nbsp;ne� longitudincm.Sin autem hocita uidebitur, non eft alicgt;nbsp;num,in anguftislocis,amp;inconclufofpacio^graciliorescolunanbsp;narum fymmetriasin op�r� confiituere , cum habeamus adgt;nbsp;iufricemftriarum temperaturam ,Ipfius autScelI�parictuninbsp;crafi�tudinc/pro rata parte magnitudinisfierioporret,duninbsp;ant� eorumicrafiitudinibus columnarum fint �quales, amp; Gnbsp;ext ru Ai futur) finr,quam minutifl�miscementisTeAeftruannbsp;lur.Sinautemquadrato faxo/autmarmoremaxime modi^gt;nbsp;cis pari#

cis'paribuscj'uidctiir cfle faciendum: quod media coagmen# jj ta medij lapides continctes firmiorg facient omnis opens pernbsp;feftionem. Iccm'circum coagmenta Si cubilia eminentes ex^nbsp;� prclTioncSjgraphicotcram ef��cient in afpedu delcftationem*

A Plutcis marmoreis fiueex inteftino] P�Ktet, hoctoco turfepta mdrmored, dutex Uteribusialiaiie nidteru, guibuiintercolum*nbsp;fiid eb[epirQintcrcludiuefolent.OptiS dutem intcftinuinefl.quod ligno cotnbsp;Sdt^ B Circa Strigiumcaua.] N�tw/�rix'c�cdnd/ic��z�,/iamp;. to,nbsp;fitp^tf.itrigie dutem,duilore Sexto Pompcio,funt ordincs rerumiinler fenbsp;fontinudtdrumiijud infignificdtione^ufus c� Colume�d Lib-iXdp.t�, denbsp;fcenoloquenhVtrumg; (inquit) �ccdtumicodrtdbimui in �rigdm, dtq; iu gt;nbsp;Kdnipulos uinciemtes, Qudnqudm in Aldino exentpidri e�fcriptu�ridtn,nbsp;Stnges etidmfPompeio funt indu/picdt� dues ; unde/cr mdle�cis mulieritnbsp;^Uf inditumnomen. C Sinautemquadratofaxo. ] Ldpidec^fO;nbsp;pdribuidngulisjicetnonpdribusldteribus. D EminentesexprefTionbsp;n�s. ] I� dl^eritdtem exciflt;g,prominenteS)Z^,quod uulgo dicimat,reletnbsp;�^tie .Q�odgenus uifuntur/infuperbi�imipontisreliquqs,quiddNdrtnbsp;ttidm ex�ru�m erdt^O tempiu eddx�nuidiofdmqi uetu�dtem,dutpotiutinbsp;o immdnem �rdm^ bdrbdriem,quenqud �ii�e/prxcordijs ddeo dddmdntnbsp;tinis^ddcoq^ bollem Romdni nominis,ut pulcherrimte in toto orbe�rudu gt;�nbsp;fie/mdnus dd�rret uiolentdf ? Sed quid hoctdntumquerort dc non potiut/nbsp;Vrbis cdldmitdte deplorof cuius re�dioffd, id e� ud�i�imM columns,ettnbsp;pituld,coronices{locupleti�imosinexhdu�ie uoluptdtis te�es^e^ in cdlc�^nbsp;dut udndf� cum dntiquis confirds,operd/conuerti, nos quotidie cernimus^nbsp;Pdrumerdtlextremumbo�em feui�i, ni�er inte�inouehttiodioCiues,nbsp;dtq^ ideo Principes uiriin reliquins mdiorum fldgrdrent � Oter crudeli�itnbsp;nosegregiorumexcel�orumqidnimorumnepotes^ E Graphicote�nbsp;ram efficient ] Vehementius obleddbunttmetdphoricZ! didum, pranbsp;titdgis txpre�dm,mdioris^ cnergifiefficient ?

EDes autem facrx Deorum immortali'um,ad region� quas fpedare debcnr,l�c erunt conftitucnd�, uti fi nullanbsp;ratio impedicritjliberac�fuericpoKftas �dis,fignutn/quodnbsp;eritin cella collocatiim, fpefta ad uefpertin� coeli regionem�nbsp;utiquiadierintad aram(immolantes^aut facrificiafacicntes,nbsp;fpcAent ad partem coeli orientis, fimulaclirum quod eritnbsp;in�de;amp; ita^uota fufcipientest�tueantur �dem amp; orientemnbsp;coeli, ipfac^fimulachraiiidcanturexorientiacontuerifimpli#nbsp;cantes,amp; facrificantcstquod aras omncs Deorumihecelle effenbsp;uideatur/ad orientem fpcAare.Sin autem loei naturaintcrpelnbsp;laueritjtunc'conuertend� funtearum �dium conftitutioncs,nbsp;uti quamplurimapars m�nium e templis Deorum confpigt;nbsp;ciatur.ltaf�fecundum flumina/�desfacr� fient, iia uti Aegynbsp;pto circa NiJum,ad fluminis ripas uidentur fpeftare debere.nbsp;Similiterficircum iiias publicas.'erunt aedificia Deorum, itanbsp;conftituantur,uti pr�tercuntcs polTint re(picere,amp; in confpcnbsp;Aufalutationes facer�.

Vtiaedisfignum] Templiilitdfuntcon�ituenda,uteortmtfrofl tesinoccidentemua-giinMit enim �tturum e�,tttdltaria,cr f�nuldchrd,nbsp;� �nt parte,^ud prmum terra iHuminatur, ut mdeuelutifurgentia cumnbsp;Solehac con�iicidmia � VetUi enim fuit dpud gentei omncsiin adorandiSnbsp;Dijs rehgio,ut ddorientem conuerterenturrer nosrecepimuf. Mm�*�nbsp;r/i� rfwtfm Trtfmegi�uilin �ne Afc�epij tradtt, Sole occidente.rum iju� 'nbsp;De�M or dr euoluerit in Au�rum intender e debere. Sole dutem oriente,nbsp;in eum qui Subfoldnus dicitur. Sed rlhid pratterire non debui,qtt�d Sextutnbsp;fompeiufre�rt,dntiquoS!Dijs fuperisiindrdi�iijs dterrdexdltdt� faerdnbsp;ficilji^riijs terrt�rtbutiitt terrdiDijs in�rndlibuiin effo�d terra. Et colt;nbsp;�rre qutdem drbitrdmur,fi�dtudin Templii pondntur, ut tmperitorumnbsp;animi rettnedntur,dumfeiDeos ipfos ddire credunti�mul,ut dum utdemue �'nbsp;eos, qui bene de hominum genere meritt �mt, dut uit� integritdte cd tert�nbsp;prd�iteruntffn diuof r(�rri,dd uirtutis tmitdtionem incendamvrAd uer�'nbsp;tummdxim��cripotertt, /?habituerge�u,quoddperarfi�cempof*nbsp;�t,uitd^ mores exprimdntur, (tgratiani�r nidit�diem Diuis dignaminbsp;prigfi

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. �I�J, 157 'pr^fe(ir4�t,fi fupplicantibufgrittificitriultr� uc�t uiJatntur, It4 MteiHnbsp;txlru�d effe temphi oportet, ut externosidd (c uifenda aUtdant, pr�fen*nbsp;tes rctinednt, locum uii�nt future, muximt uenerlt;itionis, procul ub omninbsp;re,lt;^ugMcedentes (upplic�tumofjindere po�it^

DE OSTIORVM, ET ANTEPAGMEN� tor tim fttcfurum ^dium �ratiombut,nbsp;C A P V T. Vh

OST lorum autem�i corG antcpagmentorum fn�dt^ buahac funtracioncs,uti primumconftituantur,quo genbsp;nerefuntfucur�.Generafuntenim thyromatwa'h�c, Dori^nbsp;g curajonicum, atticurges, Horum fymmetriac Dorici genefinbsp;� risconfpiciuntur his rationibus,uticoronafumma,qu�fu#nbsp;pra antepagmentum fuperius imponitur,3eque librata fit ca�nbsp;� pitulisfummiscolumnarum,qu�/inpronao fucrint. Lumennbsp;E autem hypothyri c�ftituatur fie, uti qu� altitudo �disa pagt;nbsp;P uimento ad lacunaria fuerir, diuidatur �n partes tr�s Ternis, 5Cnbsp;excisdu�parrcsdumini�aluarum altitudincconftituantur,nbsp;H�c autem diuidatur in partes duodecim ^�Cex eis'quint� amp;nbsp;dimidia latitudo kiminis fiat in imo, amp; in fummo contrahagt;nbsp;tur,fi crit lumen ab imo ad fotdecim pedes,antcpagmcnti ternbsp;tia parte. Scxdecim pedumad uiginti quint^, fuperior parsnbsp;luminisc�trahatur/antepagmenti parte quarta. Si a pedibusnbsp;uiginti quincj ad triginta, fumma pars c�trahatur antepag#nbsp;menti parte oftaua.Rcliqua/quo altioraerunt, ad perpendi#nbsp;S culumuidenturoportcrecollocari. Ipfa aut� antepagmengt;nbsp;la.'crafla fiant in fronte/altitudinc luminis parte duodecima,nbsp;contrahanturque in fummo/fu�craiTitudinisquartadecimanbsp;partc.Supercilii altitudo,quantaantepagmentorum in fumgt;nbsp;ma parte erit craflltudo. Cymatium faciend� eftantepagmennbsp;ti pane fexta.Proie�ura aucgquanta eft eius craffitudOjfcul#nbsp;pendum eft cymatium Lesbium/cum aftragalo. Supra cym�nbsp;� tium quod erit in fupcrcilio,collocandG eft hyperthyrGtrafl�nbsp;tudine fupercilfi, amp; in co'/caipcnd�eft cymatium Doricum,nbsp;aftragalum I^esbium^f�ma fcalptura, Corona deinde plananbsp;f�acicum tymatio jproicAura autem eius erit,quanta altitudo

fuperdlij, quod Cupra antcpagmcnta imponnur. Dextra ac ft niftra,proieftur3e fic funtfaciend�,uti crepidincs excurrant, Knbsp;amp;in ungue/ipfacymatiaconiungantur, Sinautcmloniconbsp;generc futurae crunr, lumen altumad eundem mod�,quemgt; Tnbsp;admodum in Doricis fieriuidetur, lacitudo �onftituatur,ut �5nbsp;alcitudodiuidarur in partes duas(amp; dimidiam ,eiiisc^ partisnbsp;unius l�mis ima luminis fiat latitudo contralt;Surf,ita ut in Donbsp;ricis. Crafli'rudo antepagmentorGlaltitudine luminis in fronnbsp;te.xiiij.parte, cymatiGihuiuscralTitudinisfcxtatreliqua pars,nbsp;pr�tcr cymatium,diuidatur in partes, xq. harum trium prijs nnbsp;ma corfa fiatfcum aftragalo, fecunda'quatuor, tcrtiaxjuincg,nbsp;eaec�corfgicum aftragalis drcumcurrant. Hypcrthyra autemfnbsp;adcundcmmodumcomponantur,quemadmodum in Dof qnbsp;ricis hyperthyridibus, Anconesj^fiue prothyrides uocenturj pnbsp;exculptac'dextra ac finiftrapr�pendcanrad imi fupercilijii#nbsp;bramentum,pr3Eter folium. E�/habeant in frontecralTitudi#nbsp;ncmtex antepagmenti tribus partibus unam, in imo quartanbsp;parte graciliores,quamfuperiora, Forcs^tacompingantur,nbsp;uti fcapi cardinalcsifint ex altitudine luminis totius/duodecigt;nbsp;ma parte. Inter duos fcapositympana/ex duodecim partibusnbsp;habeant ternas partes. Impagibus/difiribu tiones ita fient, uti Rnbsp;diuifis altitudinibus in partes quincp,du� fuperiori ,trcsiinfcnbsp;riori del�gn�tur. Super mcdiumimedq impages collocentur,nbsp;ex reliquisialii in fummo,alqin imo compingantur.Latitudonbsp;impagisifiat tympani tertia parte,cymatium fexta parte impanbsp;gis.Scapor� latitudines/impagis dimidia parte, item replum, gnbsp;deimpagedimidia 5cfexta parte. Scapi,qui funt antefecungt;nbsp;dum pagmentum, dimidium impagis confiituantur. Sinnbsp;autemualuatxerunt,altitudincsita manebunt,inlatitudi^nbsp;n�/adqciaturamplius forislatitudoCfi quadriforis futuraeft) Tnbsp;altitudoadqciatur. Atticurgcsautemijfdcm rationibuspernbsp;ficiuntur, qnibus Doricatpr�tereafcorf� fub cymatijs in an^nbsp;tepagmcntiscircundantur,qu�lt;ita diftribuidebent,utiinan#nbsp;tepagmentis, praeter cymatium, ex partibus i�ptcm/habeantnbsp;duas partes ,ipfac� forium ornamentaynonfiuntccroftrotanbsp;0.e^ bifora,ied ualuata, amp; aperturas iiabent in exteriorcs par

DE ARCHITEC. LfB. �lll. is^ fts.Qiias rationes �dium facrariiminformationibusopor^nbsp;teat fieri Doricis,Ionicis,Corinthijscp operibus,quo ad potuinbsp;attingerc,ueJuri Jegftimis moribus^cxpofui.Nunc de Tufea#nbsp;nis difpof�donibus,qucmadmod5 inftitui oporteat, dtcam.

A Et corum Antepagmentorum -} Rniepagmentdfunt Idpis des utrum^ oHijldbu munientes.^ui cy dnttedicutur^Trafaea/es 4 Gr�nbsp;cisj�ue sa.Q/jiOi nomiii�tur: ndi� PardtaftiU dhudc�e,dicctnuilib.$.cdp^nbsp;i.fed O' Ptirii�M,cxnonnu�orumfententid,pdrstllGr�corMn ddficio�nbsp;rtmt,utfcribit Vitruuita Lib.e, Cdp, 10 � B Genera enim Thyro�nbsp;matonhacG] lde^oflior��,porflt;lt;rtwM. C Atticurges.] Pronbsp;Corinthiohoc loco intc�ligenduin ex fine hu�u cdpitis. Qi^dniiudm Attisnbsp;curgen 'Bdfim lib-t. dixijj� uidetur,pro ed,qit� c� hodie Doried, D Aenbsp;que libra ta fi t cap i tuli s] tfiiufinodi corondlfud dltitudine er it de�r=nbsp;tnii^ E LumenautemHypothyriconftituatur. ] HypothyrS/nbsp;�raro �x�ufiJ.a. m yir�oC�T, id e� ,hidntem indnitdtem'Gf udcuumipf�*nbsp;w o/iifdixitJubuiPolluxHb.io.cdp.4. TM^v^a^^nifimendofuieheonbsp;tlex,uocdt,Hermoldus cnim tIwnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;kgit,cr r�s S'vfl'i'a�proipfis

�ribuiGT udluif'.dlidshypothyri nominelimen infiritufignificdtwr. l�ud firtdff� non �erit negligendum, udludt did,que intuf dperirentnr, firesnbsp;dutentfiris, dtque ij�udlt;d Grdmmdticis :quostdmennegligerein his quenbsp;Architedur�funt,ficritdliqudndonecefifi^ F Vtiqux al ti tu donbsp;sed is] Ldcundrid(nifiudldefillor)rejpondcnt librdmento coroneprosnbsp;ndi-,d�ijsn}dgis pldcebit Epi/lylio,quodmihi non probdtur G A d p ernbsp;pendfculumuidcntur] ide�lfinecontrddione. H Collocan�nbsp;dumefiHyperthyrum.] SuperliinindrcdtdturdPliniolib.i^,cdp�4.nbsp;Greet ^v^apidnudi� uocdnt;quod uocdbulum Germdni retinuerut,t^ �' tnbsp;dppcBdmes,/{cuiU7rip5upop nbcrrjjur. I AftragalumLesbium/inbsp;fimafcalptura. ] Monui dl�qudndo Sebt^idnutnSerlium, locum hunenbsp;torruptim non efi�, pro fine fcdlpturd:dtccbdinenim'fime ficalptureejfinbsp;Aftrdgalum,qui^et pdrtim eminentibus exprcfiionibuidd uulgui uocdt 'nbsp;hutniUter releudtum'jfiuc qui refimds Capretrumndresfud fcalpturd,id e�nbsp;lincdmento imitdrctur,t:y nonlorulumut ceterh/ed Echinulum.Udm Cygt;nbsp;dd

ret �cile prmcip�^fempen^unumlSramdntem excipio) correxit,annotdtd �nobis,cumeiiMquart�Commetitarium fimullegimut. Re�abattertiuf,nbsp;qui c/l/de antiquorum monimentis;cui turn tto�r� opera praflare non ponbsp;tuimui, non dum uifd Vrhe, peragratd^ itdlia : uentt in manut hominutitnbsp;non fdtii emdnddtus,ne dicam mendacem, Rtlt;^ utinam non fidffet coa�Mnbsp;duHor^^ditionempruecipitare; duteatdntum fcripfiJJ'et,quieuiderdt,dcnbsp;noHpotiui/qult;edbdli/s dmenfaiacceperdt�.non drripuilfent occafionent/nbsp;aeerbiui in eum inuehcndi,grdphydos atq; ddeo drchite�urne omnisiignoanbsp;ri prorfui bomines.Ldudandi erdnt eiui condtus, quod prodejfe uoluerif,nbsp;etjtdi�imuldndierrores nonf�erunt:dt cert�/iperitisindicarioportuit,nbsp;Cffnoderatiui/cumuirobonodgendum, K Vticrepidinesexcur*nbsp;r^at.]ldeA,mdrgines. l Lumcnaltumad eundem]nbsp;dliorcs fintcr altiores Columns lonicteiDortcis, debuerat certeionico*nbsp;rum o�iorum lumeninon idem, fed altiut effe, idquod� non fiet, ere feetnbsp;in immenfum corona,fiet^ ex def�rmildmpliuf non tolerdnda. M Larfnbsp;tudo conftituaiur,ur alcitudo diuidatur] Hoef�ueruw ftt,rdanbsp;tioncmq} habeat Symmetric intereolumniorum, qudm anted priefcrip�t,nbsp;fiet^utlumeninimdpdrtclatiutfitfipfo medio intercolumnio ,qu�d cert�'nbsp;r^- uitiofum deforme e^. N Harum tn'um prima corfaifiat]nbsp;ide�,primdfi.fciaantepdgmcntorum� o QucmadmoduminDonbsp;ricis] Scribendumhypcrthyridibue. P AnconcsLiueprothyrideSnbsp;uocentur-] Snnt menfuLe, qu�lcdpitibuffuisin uolutarum anfi-J�ui'iitlnbsp;pltcdnlurittd S maiufaili�rmdm,amp;propendeHtabimdcorondfccunt�inbsp;antepdgmenta lad libramentum imi f ipercilq, ut in fubie�a figura uidesinbsp;quanquamtantumualMt error, utprffianicr fir� no�rifecultarchitec�li tnbsp;unuiti

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. illl . ipi tmutuncemp!um,quod Prlt;ettc�e in fortun�etemploui/�tta-,in quo�in�ttnbsp;fupercthumpendent^tm�arimaluerinKfuperaliumquid/�gnificaretidixinbsp;mtn fupra)prob�fcalptasuidimM,fe4nbsp;femefas in uetuflotrmplo^quod nunC;nbsp;D, Concordiiedicdtum�lt,ad Spok�nbsp;tiam Vmbrine urbem, ubi pricter alittnbsp;dntiquitatis monumenfa, oflia trid ui�nbsp;funtur, Q^'Vti fcapi cardinales]nbsp;C(irlt;/W(tk�,pro cdrdindtif dixit.O�nbsp;portet inquitfcdpos eos,qucram cdrenbsp;dintbta, id t�, cu�ndibuti inucrtun*nbsp;tur�res ,rffe dduerfis/txduodaimanbsp;pdrte lumirns longiores, Ed uer� Ion*nbsp;gitudoddditur, quodcdrdincsiin ciefinbsp;Cdud in�riom [uperiorii l�minis

tielutiin f�mindSiimfMttdntur. R Impagibus/diftributj'onesira fiant.] �mpdg(s,funtregulie,quiecirctinddntfympdnSudludrMn.Tym*nbsp;panum dutcm/noftri �bri mdteridrq pdnncH� uocdnt, S Item replunanbsp;de impage] Replum did coroniccm impdgis drbitrdmur,quie/omdmennbsp;ti cdufdiimpdgi ddpingeretttr,^prittfr Cymdtium, quodpdrteme�e impd*nbsp;Jkdnimdduertimtuyfurpdtur ZSquot; ed uox ltb,ngt;.cdp.tT. feddlid�gnifi*nbsp;tdiiotte,Chdoni(inquit)Replum,quodefl operimentum [e�urictdie,in(lHnbsp;ditur. VdluM quidem dntiqudtidreM uidimm multdt Romr, Pdnthd dinbsp;bminddd efl,in prondo Bdftb'c/e D. P�tri, in adibiu Sdndorum Uddridni,nbsp;ttq; Cofmte ey Ddmidni ( qudrum tUdlobm Sdturni, iftdRomulidc Rentinbsp;�ti�e crcditur)fed fuo quds^ modo perf��M,(y diuerfdfdi bisiquit Vi�nbsp;truuiusco�ituit. T Si quadriforisifutura eft. ] Hoceft,feddmpdrnbsp;tej qudtuor conduplicdbilef,ut uldr uerboidb x�doro ufurpdto, ty rem exnbsp;primente- V Ipfac� forium ornamenta ] Legeceroflrctd,utintel�nbsp;gdturcer(�rotuopus,cuiu$meminitPiimusbKi,cdp.irddcfi,rdntentif Inbsp;��tejjcfl� pidorum cornuumlcompo�tttm,ut lithoftrotum ,ldpfdtbut' Inbsp;^ddemjigurd�rtd�cdppelldrepo�imusbyalo�rotumopus,quodVene* \nbsp;��gt; con�iciluriwtreis te�eUif uer�coloribus in�gnitum/(y pidum : er xf �' jnbsp;if�rotum/ligneouetmKuldtutnemblemdtcfegmentofie,quod Bononilt;tlitt^nbsp;mH

; ^deD.DotHimcifiulcherritninn uidimuSfOpu! Diim�ni monacbhE^lopt rainteriii�urtegettera'nomiMntur,

LOcus in quo aedis confticuctur,c� habucrit in longitud* ne/fex partes,unadempta,reliquum quoderit, laticudi#nbsp;ni dctur.Longitudo autem 'diuidatur bipartito ; Si quae parsnbsp;eric interior , cellarum fpacrjs defignetur : quae'eric proxinianbsp;fronti,coluinnar5 difpofitioni relinquatur.Item latitudo'di^nbsp;uidatur in paries decem,ex his�ern� partes dcxtra ac l�niftr^ 'nbsp;cellis minoribusjfitie ubi al x futur� fint)dentur,rcliqug qua^nbsp;tuor/medi� �di attribuantur. Spacium quod erit ante ceilasnbsp;in pronaojita columnis defignetur, ut angulares/coira antasnbsp;parietum extrcmorum.te regione colloceniuriDu� medi�^^nbsp;regione parietum, qui (inter antas amp; mediam aedem fuerini,nbsp;itadiftribuantur,utinrcrantasjamp;columnasprioresperot^nbsp;drumn'fdem regionibus alter� difponantur,e�que/f�ntim3

titudinis rempli, fummac� columna/qiiarta parte craffitudt^ nis imx contrahatur. Spir� earum,alt� dimidia parte craflt;gt;nbsp;fitudinis fiant, habeant fpir� earum/plinthum ad circinumnbsp;tamfu�craff�tudinis dimidia partc:torum infuper ciiapo^nbsp;phyg(,craffiim^quanrum plinthus, Capituli altitudodim*^nbsp;diacraffitudinis. Abaci latitudo ,quantaima crafiitudonbsp;lumnf. Capituli�^� craflitudo'diuidatur in partes tres,e quilt;*nbsp;busiunaplinrho,qu� eftpro Abaco,detur: altera Echino,tc�'nbsp;tia/Hypoc rachclio cum aftragalo,amp;apophygi.Supra colui�nbsp;nas/trabcscompaAiles imponantur,utifintalcitudinisnio^nbsp;dulisi]'s,quiQmagnitudincopcrispoftulabuntur. E�i^tra^ (�nbsp;bcscompaAiiesponantur,uttantam habe�t crafl�tudinen�� jjnbsp;quantaifumm� column� erit hypotrachclium,amp; ira fint coi^nbsp;pa A� fubfeudibus fecuriclis, ut compa Aaduorum dig*^nbsp;torum habeat laxacionem.Cum cnim inter fe tang�r, amp; nonnbsp;ipiramentum �i perflatum uenti recipiunt,concalcfaciuntut.

L amp;celcn'terputrefcunr.Supra trabes'amp; fupra par/erestraiedu r� mutulorum,partequarta alticudints column;, proiicians^nbsp;M tur.Itcm ineorum frontibusancepagmenca Hgantur,fuprac�nbsp;N ea'tympanumfaftigijs�exftruAurafeiimateriacolloccturjfunbsp;0 pracf idfaftigtumcolum�cantherij.TempIai'tafunccollocannbsp;da,ut fdllicidium te�ri abfolun terciariorcfpondeat.Fi'untau

. tem �des rotund�, e quibus/ali�'monopter� fine cellaco# liimnat�conftitiiuntur,ali�pcnpter�dicuntur. Q_Li�finenbsp;Cella fiuntjVribunal habent amp; afcenfum/exfu�diametri tcrci'a

S parte infupcr ftylobata column�/conftituantur tana altar, quanta ab extremis ftylobatarum parictibus/eft diametros,nbsp;craiT�/altitudinis fu�cumcapitulisamp; Ipirisxlecum� partis.nbsp;Epiftyliumfaltum column; crafi�tudinis dimidiaparte. Zo^nbsp;phorus?amp;reliquaqu�infuperimponuntur,ita/uti in tertionbsp;uoluminedc fymmetrtjs fcripfi. Sinautem peripteroscanbsp;r �des conitituetur,duo gradus^amp;ftylobat� ab imo conftitii�nbsp;antur, deinde/cell� paries collocetur cum receffu eius/a ftylo//nbsp;bata circa partem latitudinis quintam mcdiocj ualu�rum/lonbsp;cusadaditiis relinquatur Eac^cella/tantam habeat diamegt;nbsp;trum, pr�ter parietes amp; circuitionem, quantam altitudinernnbsp;columnafupra ftylobatam. Column�cfrcum ccllam/rjfdcn�nbsp;proportionibus iymmetrijst^ difponantur.In medio tefti/r�'/nbsp;tio itahabeatur, utioiianta diametros totius operis cric futu#

lumn� capitulum/pr;rer pyramid�.Reliqua ( uti fcripta funt ea)proportionibus atcgfymmetrijs facienda uidentur. Itemnbsp;generibus alrjs conflituuncur �des, exijfdem iymmctrijsnbsp;dinat�, amp; alio genere difpof�tiones habentes, uti efi Caftoris/

lt;(t ftoris�n circo, Athenisiin arce Mineru�, amp; in Attica Sunio^ PaIIadis.Earum'nonali�,fed e�demifuntproportiones.Celnbsp;l� enim longitudineslduplices funt ad latitudines,�iutireligt;nbsp;qua exifona,qu� folent effe in frontibus, ad latera funt transnbsp;bb

lata. Nonnulli cciamUc T ufcankis generibus fumcotes cx} lumnarum difpofitiones,transrerunt inConnthiorum,amp; lonbsp;nicorumoperumordinan�oncs. Quibuscnim loci's.pronaonbsp;procurrunt anca?,in ijfdem e regionccell� parietiim columgt;nbsp;nas binas collocantes,efRc!untTiircanicorum(amp; Gr�corumnbsp;operumfcommunem rariocinationem. Alrj ucro'remouengt;nbsp;lesparictes �dis, ��apphcantes ad intercolumnia ptcromaj^nbsp;tos fpacio paricds fublati�flRciunt ampkim laxamcntum celnbsp;l� .Rcliquaautem/propordonibus amp;fymmerrr)s ijfdem connbsp;t�ruances, aliiid genus figur� nominiscpuidentur pfeudope#nbsp;ripterum procreauiffe.H�c autem generaypropter ufum fa?nbsp;crificiorum/conuercuntur .Nonenim omnibus Dti's/ijfdcmnbsp;radonibus�dcsfuntfaciend�,quodalius/alia uanetatefacranbsp;rum religionum habet eff�dus.Omnes xdi'um facrarum ra?nbsp;tiocinadoncSjUri mihi traditf funt,expofui,ordinescjamp; fymnbsp;naetrias earumpartitionibus diftinxi, quar�difpares funtnbsp;figur�^Si quibusdifcriminibusiinterfe funt difparat�,quoainbsp;potui, fignif�care fcripds curaui. Nuncdc aris Dcor� imor/nbsp;talium,utiaptam confttturioncm habcantadfacrificioruninbsp;cationem,dicam�

A Aequc fint ima craiTi tudine ] MtrdfKi fum non femel, eum TufcdneKolumnd�t omnium �mplict�ma,minus^partibiK ornatd, cc�nbsp;quidfeplimam pdrtem altitudinlSiin md crd�itudine hdberet: Dortcd au�nbsp;Icmfextam tantum, eum progractlitate ctf teneritdte, partes temperarinbsp;folednt,ideft,augeriaulminui. B Altitudoitertiapartclaritudinbsp;nistcmpli.] PliniusLib.j�, Cdp.u, Antiquaratioeratcolumnarumnbsp;altitudiniSjtertidpdrstldtitudinum dclubri. C Torum infuperlt;umnbsp;apophygi. ] Apophygisire�rtScotiiepartemmcdidmin�riorem,�nbsp;^uidemin tmo fcapo nomindlur aut'Bd�,ut hoc loco:cum uer�in fuperio�nbsp;ri fcapo dilt;itur,Scotiie rc�rtfuperiorem partem,ut pdulo pc�,uocdtur^}nbsp;Cf apothe�s, Huius Itbri cap.e. pro ipfo tantum c��exuaccepimus, namnbsp;(X conflextbus columnar um'cra�itudinem intclligendam arbitramur, nonnbsp;ex cdlcG'dut fummo Aftragalo, Et in aliariim cclumnarum dimen�one,nbsp;�Um�tcumlimboiparsfcapifinTulcdna�tparsBa�s, D PJintho,

^u� eft in Abaco.] SmbenduineUi,pro AbicOydut,qMefl AbdcuSt lt;iuirctnintclligct,/ial�iudicAbit, E Akeracchino.jSKf'dWtfitKmrfMwnbsp;ttulouno. F TcrriaHypotrachelio cum Apophygi-] Scriben*nbsp;^um,cim A/lrdgdlo 'iy dpophygif^udtiqudm iftd/crdnt potiM parles fednbsp;pi,qu�mcapituli, G Supracolumnas] Tigniiconittttiiiicontpofinbsp;euergdttedi�M interpretor)uccdtlib. f.cdp.i, H Ita f�nf cornnbsp;pad� ] Subfeudcs,funttAbclheligned!,qitibi{i!tntcr fetrdbeseomptnonbsp;Suntur.dicitur cz f�rrcA Subfeui hb. , cap, lo. fed pro ediqult;� nioldtnnbsp;ftiflinet, 1 Erfecuriclis. ] i^oflriidgenusfubfcudis�tcnonescrcldenbsp;uosuocdnt:fcribcmuizy aliud lib, to.cap.tf, K Concalefaciunrurnbsp;amp; putrefiunt. ] Pro concdlefiunt/di�um, In huiufmodt uitijSiVitruuianbsp;indulgcndumconniucnduinq;efl. Petijt enim dC�fdre,cr hisnquiip�udnbsp;Koluminale�luri erdnt, ut�quid pdrumiad artis Grammdticier�gulantnbsp;ejfetexplicdtum,ignofceretur.ldautcm�citlib,i. cap.t, L TraicAunbsp;r�mutulorum.] Hoclocoifuntproie�iur^tignorum. M In eorumnbsp;fronribusanrepagmentafigantur.] impropri� ufuseRuocabulonbsp;dntepigmentorum, pro orndinentis,quibus tignorumfrontesifunt optri�nbsp;fndd. N Supraqueea/tympanum] ltie/�iOpercclt;emfnfrfriolt;fKfJ4�nbsp;terculii,id enimflniilurte nomine�gnificdtur;ucl ligno quod mdterid�ucnbsp;niaterieiuocabulo'fer�intelligitur, O Supraqueid faftigiumxo�inbsp;lumen. ] Columenie� tignum, quodfummum totiiuculminis��igtuntnbsp;occupdt,utfuprdcdp.i, P Templa.] Templd'hoclocofunta/famenanbsp;td,qu�!trdnfuerfatfuprdcdntheriospon�tur,fuprdquosiccllocanturaffenbsp;fes,qui uidentur e�e oporterecra�ioresquamldtiores, quod eorum pro�nbsp;ieduras'denticulorum refirreimaginemdixerit,fcribdtq- lib. 3, denticu*nbsp;lumioporteredliitudinisfuie dimidiampartemhdbcreinfrontc.lnfuperdfnbsp;�res'ponuntur tegul�,tit ex cap.i.huiuilibrtdocemus . Q_ quot;Vri fiilltnbsp;cidium redi abfoluti,] Tertiarij uocabulo,intc�igmui^c�trdnflrisnbsp;ligna, quit� te�i culmine du�idinutrumqj latus, �caprcolis/ctcolumnarinbsp;columnafu�inentur. R Fiuntautem �dcsrotund�, ] Tcmplo�nbsp;fumquanquam alia �unt quadrata, d!idexdgond,dlid/mullorum angulo*nbsp;rum: c�linaturdmimiratiueteres,iii primislrolundisfuntdele�aii.Eo^nbsp;rumqu� �ne cc�a funt,fed eolumnis tantum drcumujllata, monopicra dinbsp;(gt;�tiur:quiec(llambdbctit,peripterduocdntur, S InfuperStylobaranbsp;bb ij

column�c�ftituantur,] Scribettdumin�iperStylob�tiiS. T Duo gradus/amp; Stylobatae ] Atquiltbroudixi^oporterefierigrddui int�nbsp;pari numero, fed firtaffie ibiiquod fieri oportuit, hoc loco/quod eimgene�nbsp;riSiediierdtproprtwm,docuit. V DimidiaalhtudofiatTlioIi.]nbsp;ThoIuHehdlidstejiudiniiumbilicus,ideft ueluti feutuminmedio teHo,nbsp;quo/trdbesomnesconuemunt,ubi dond fu/fiendebdntur, du�oreSeruionbsp;Aeneid.�.Vdrrolibrodererid�icd f,cdp.f,de Ornithone loijuens,Thonbsp;Ium dixit tedificiumrotundumlcotumndtum, dupltcicolumndrum ordine,nbsp;inter ijudsiretibus pro pdrietibus obie�is, dues omne genus, mdximcc^nbsp;cdnldtricesihutriebdntur. DcTholoimultd Vdrinus Phduorinus,cr nosnbsp;alibi, X Qiianta habuerit in fumrao Capitulum.] ScrzJc�nbsp;dumqudntdm, SupraTholum(meildterndmdppelldnt, itdlitribundin)nbsp;fiebdt pyrdmis,fuprd pyrdmidemfios addebdtunquod.qudddmtenus imi�nbsp;tdtus efi Brdmdntes Romlt;e,in tediculd peripterdfin monte Aurelio D. Pe�nbsp;lt;ro dicdta, Y E t inter duos lucosVeiouis .]Hoc,0�idiu{ Fdft.lib. inbsp;�Sdcrdtd quodillis,

Ertit i(/ templumprop�dfylum,inter Cdpitoliumicy- �rcem Tarpeidm. 'Z Argutiusjuemori Dianx. ] Locum hiincitripliciterinteUigimus�nbsp;Aut enimTemplumfiiitinluco,quilinfiiburbdno dgri Tufcitldnicolle,quinbsp;Corne dppe�dtur, Didnicfdcrdtusfi�t, ut feribit Plinius libro is � cdpitenbsp;ultimo, Aut quod multis orndmentis in�gnelin Auentino monte (quem fylnbsp;uis omnisgeneris plenum fiiiffe conftdt ) Ancus {Adrtius,colldtis db urbi�nbsp;buspecunijs, extruxit commune Romdnis icr Ldtinis, du�oreDtony�nbsp;ftP Hdlicdrnd/J�o libro sPuit Z}quot; Templum DidUtedn lucoprope Arici�nbsp;dm,de-

DE ARCHITEC. Li�, 11 JI . 1^7 intijdcquoVergiliiM Aeneid.7^ �Triiiitetemplojucijcp facratis,nbsp;da Athenis�inarceMineru�] iAetninitinProcentioltbro,^ ,Fuitnbsp;autemid Templumad Acropol!ni,cu)�aiite Pende, coii�rudum^ab idinonbsp;drchitedo,aiidoreStrab�nelil�,^^ bb Etin AtticaSunioPalla�nbsp;dis.] Suniumprontontonum Attic�,audore. QvXurtiolibroio-cynbsp;Scholid�ie Callmacbnin hyitmo Ddi,prietc)r alios-.nam Homerm, zy Artnbsp;ftophdnes in nubibu^�m^ov a.9-KV�av dicunt. Suniddis a�tem i^inerM,nbsp;tueminit Paufanidilin Atticorum prindpio.

AR AEfpcdent adoricntem,amp;femper inferiores fint col Iocat�,quam fimulacra, qu�/fuerint in �de: uti fufpigt;nbsp;cientes diuinitatem.'qui fupplicant amp; i�crificanr, difparibus alnbsp;titudinibusad fui cuiuscg Dei decoremcomponantur, A Jrigt;nbsp;tudines autem earumjfic funt explicand�,uc loui OmnibuSi?nbsp;que c�leftibus quant excelf�ffim� conftituantur, V eft�. Ternbsp;��jMaric^jhumilescollocenrur titaidoneaehisinftitutioni^nbsp;lgt;�s/explicabuntur in medijs fdibus'ararum deformationes�nbsp;�xplicatis �dium facrarum compofitionibusin hoc libro,innbsp;fcquenti/dc communium opcrum reddemus diftributioni#nbsp;�usfexplicationes.

Altitudines autem earuml�c funt explicand�, ] Alt4a riaproDeorumndturd,dudoritdteque,funt�XCclfdfduthu*nbsp;milid conflituenda;Jpeddre uer� omnid dd

Imperator, ingenij cogitacionespr�ceptaquc expHcaucrunt,maximasamp;�gregias adiecc^nbsp;runt fuis feriptis autorit�res : quod etiam uclnbsp;____ innoftrisquoc�ftudrjsircspateretur, utampU fieationibus'autoritas amp; in his pr�ceptisaugeretur^ fed id nonbsp;eft/quemadmodum putatur,expeditum,Non enim de archienbsp;tedura fie fcribitur,uthiftorix/aut po�mata. Hiftori�,per (enbsp;tenentledorcs,habentenim nouarum rerumuariasexpedanbsp;tiones: poematum uero,carminum mctraj�i pedes,acuerbonbsp;rum elegans difpofitio,amp; fententiarum inter perfonas^�i uernbsp;fiium diftindapronunciatio,proledando fcnfuslegendum,nbsp;pcrducit fine offenfafad fummamfcriptor�terminationern.nbsp;Idautem/in architedurx conferiptionibus/non poteft fieri,'nbsp;quod uocabulafex arris propria necelTitatc concepta, incongt;nbsp;fueto fermoneobrjeiunt ienfibus obicuritatem. Cum ea er#nbsp;go/perle non fint aperra, nee pateant/corum inconfuetudincnbsp;nomina,turn ctiam pr�ceptoriim latae uagantes fcripturacnbsp;finonc�trahantur.�C paucisjamp;S pcrlucidisfcntentrjsexplicen#nbsp;tur,ircquentia(multitudine(^fermonisimpediente,incertas Icnbsp;gentium efticjcntcogitationcs. Itacji/occultas nominationesnbsp;c�inenfuscj; e membris operu pronuncians, ut memori� tranbsp;dantur,brcuiter expo nam. Sicenimiexpcdiciiisearecipercnbsp;poteruntmentes. Non minus,cum animaduertilTemidiften#nbsp;ram oceupationibus ciuitatem/publicisamp;prtuatisnegociis:nbsp;paucis iudicaui fcribendum, uti angufto fpacio uaruiraris �3nbsp;legenfes/breniter pcrcipere pofienr. �namq; Pythagorj,hisr�nbsp;qui tins htrefim fueruntfecuti, piacuir� ubicis rarionibusprenbsp;cepiainuoluminibusfcribere,confcituerunrq;cubum.ccxvi.nbsp;uerfuuni eoscjfnon plus quana tres�n unac�lcripcione opornbsp;tere elTc

Ueo ludentes tadunt. Hancautcmfimilitudinem�xeofum� pfiffe uid�nir, quod is numerus ucrfuum,uti cubus,in quemnbsp;cunep fenfum infederir,immotam efficiat ibi tnemori� ftabi#nbsp;litatem . Graeci quoc^ poet� Comici/interponcntcs e choronbsp;cancicum,diuiferiintfpacia fabularum, itapartestubka ragt;nbsp;tionefacientcsjintercapedinibusdeuantadorum pronunciagt;nbsp;tiones.Cum ergo h�c/naturali modo fint a maioribus obfernbsp;Uata,animoc^aducrtam)inufiratas8�obkurasmultisreseffenbsp;ttiln fcribendas, quo ifacilius ad fenfus legentium peruenirenbsp;� poffinr, breuibusuoluminibus iudicaui fcnbere(Ita enim exnbsp;pedita er�tad intelligendum^ corumcj; ordinationes inftitui,nbsp;Uti non fint quaerentibusffeparatiro colligenda,fed e corporcnbsp;Uno ,amp;infingul/suoluminibus generumhabcrent explica#nbsp;tiones. Itacj C�fartertio amp; quarto uolumineiaedium facra#nbsp;rum rationes cxpofuidioc libro/publicorum locorunbsp;pediam difpof�ti�ncSjprimumquc forum/uti opornbsp;tcatfconlhtui, dicamtqiiod in coi�i publica#nbsp;rum, amp;priuatarum rerum rationespernbsp;tnagiftratusgubernantur

firt Reuchltnui de Cabalifiicd lib.z-) ex Tctrdgono nafd,folidtfiimum fldbile omnino corpia,fex ([uidemiliiterd, odo uero dngulos^hdbem^^iufnbsp;uerbdfiunt^ EKJ^TtoT�7^�7wv�3 ^svvSctS'oa'PVKuJiavlJ'^stioT�nbsp;�' S'aJ'�CtOlZ TT�CVTHnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TrA�/j�Sj�KT�J JV 7ur(�5 �'x��/'*

R AEcilfn quadrato, amplif��mis duplicibus pord^ A cibus, fora conftkuunt, crebriscj column�s j amp; lapidej�snbsp;aucmarmorciscpiltylfjsadornantjamp;��pra/ambularionesjnnbsp;contignationibus faciunt.ltalig uero urbibus non eadem eftnbsp;rauonefadendum,tdeo/quod arnaioribusconllietudotradinbsp;ta eft,gladiacoria muncra in foro dari.Igiturfctrcuin fpeAacu Pnbsp;Ia/fpatiofioraintercolumniadiitribuantiir,circacpin portid^nbsp;bus/argentari^etabern�,mo^n^anac�uperiorJbuscoaxa^ogt;nbsp;nibus colloccntur , qu�/amp;ad ufuna, amp; ad ueftigalia public^*nbsp;reftecruntdifpofita. Magnitudinesautemjadcopiam hoin*^nbsp;num oportet fier/,neparuum fpaci'um f�t ad ufurn,aut ne pronbsp;pter inopiam popuWuaftum forum uideatur, Latitudo au^nbsp;tem/icaf�n!atur,urilongitudoin tr�s partescum diuifafucrir�nbsp;ex hisidu� partes et dentur.Ita enim.oblonga erit eiusformainbsp;tioj�c ad fpedaculorum rationem/utilis difpofi'tio.

nibus 5gt;C craff�tudinibusifuperiora�nfcrioru fieri contraftio# gt; ra. BafiUcarumIocaadiunftaforis,quamcalidtfrin�isparti-'nbsp;bus oportet conftitui, ut per hyemem/fine mokflia tcmpcllanbsp;tumfcconferreincas negociatores pofiintjEarumq^latitudlnbsp;nesnc minus quam cxtcrti3,ne plus quam exdimidia lortgi#nbsp;tudinis p3rte/conftituantur,nifi loei naturaimpedicr{r,amp; aligt;nbsp;f ter coegerirfymmctriam commurari. Sin aurem locus eritnbsp;awplior in longitudinc, Chalddica 'in extremis e�ftituantur,nbsp;cc

uti Rint in lulia Aquiliana. Column�bafilicarunVtam alrae, quam porticuslatae fuerint, faciend� uidentur. Porricus, cfnbsp;medium fpaciiim futurum eft,cx rcrtia finiatur. Column� funbsp;pcriorcs/minorcsquam inferiores ( utifuprafcriptum eft)c3nbsp;fiituantur.Plutcum ,quodfqeritinrer fuperiorcscolumnas,nbsp;item quarta parte minus, quam fupen'orescolumnae fuerint,nbsp;oportere fieri uidetur : utifupr a bafilic� contignationem amnbsp;bulantcs ab negociaroribus ne conipiciantur, Epiftylia, zo#

phori,coronf,cx fymmctrqs columnarum, uti in tertio libro diximus, expHcentur. Non minus fummam dignitatem Sinbsp;uenuftatem/poiTunt habere comparationesbafilicarum, quonbsp;genere/coloni� luli� faneilri collocaui, curauicj faciendam,nbsp;cuius proportiones Si iymmetri� fic funt conftitucae.Media#nbsp;na teftudo inter columnasZeft longa pcdes.cxx. latapedes lx,nbsp;Porticus eius circa teftudincm inter parietes Si columnas, l�gt;nbsp;tapedes.xx. Column�,altitudinibus perpetuis cum capitu^

204 M. VITRVVU POLL� lis,pedum Lcrafl�tudinibus/qutnun�jhabcntes poftfeparafia jjnbsp;tas'akas pcdcs.xx.Iatas pcdes duos femis ,craffaspedem unS.nbsp;fcm!s:qu�ifuftincnt trabes, in quibusinucbuntur porticuutnnbsp;contignationcs.Supraq; casali� paraftat�pedum.xviij. la^nbsp;t�;binum,cra{r3epedcm,qu3e)excipiunt item trabes fuftinen�nbsp;tes cantheriumSc porticum(qu�/funt fubmiffa infra tcftudigt;nbsp;nem) te�a.Reliqua fpada/inter paraftatar�� Sgt;C columnaruninbsp;trabes per intercolumnia,luminibusfuntrelida.Column3e/nbsp;funt inlatitudine teftudinis/c�angulan'bus dcxtra ac f�niftra,.nbsp;quatcrn�lin longitudine,qu� eft in foro proxima, c� ijfdeninbsp;angularibus. v�j : exalteraparte/cumangularibusvi. IdcO'nbsp;quodmedi�du�i'inea parte non funt pof�t�, ne impediantnbsp;aiped�is pr�nai �dis Augufl:i,qu�/cft in medio latere parietisnbsp;bafilic�collocata, fpcftans medium forum/amp; �dem louis,nbsp;Item tribunal eft in ea. �dehemicycli fchematis,minore curua � �nbsp;turaformatum. Elus autemhemicycliiin fronte eft internalsnbsp;lum^pedum xlvi.introrfus'curuatura pedum xv� uti eosquinbsp;apud magiftratus ftarent, ncgociantesin bafilicane impcdigt;nbsp;rent, Supra columnaslex tribus tignis bipcdalibus compasnbsp;Ais/trabes funt circa collocat�,e�cj(ab tertijs columnis,qux*nbsp;funt in interiori parte,rcuert�tur ad antas,qu� a pronao progt;nbsp;curruntjdextrac^amp;finiftrahemicyclum tangunt. Supra tragt;nbsp;bes��ontra capitula/ex fulmentisdffpof�t� pilf funtcollocagt;nbsp;t�,alt3e/pedibustribus,latfquoquouerfusquatern{s. Supranbsp;easiexduobus tignisbipedalibus itrabcs cuerganc�circa funt inbsp;collocat�, quibusinfupettranftra cumcaprcolis'contrazo^nbsp;phorosj�c antas,amp; parietcs pr�nai collocatajfuftincntununinbsp;culmen perp�tua? bafilic�, alterum/a medio fupra pronautnnbsp;�dis.ltaifaftigiorumduplexnatadifpol�tio,extrin(ecusteAf,nbsp;amp; infcriorisalt� teftudinis,prfftant fpcciem uenuftam. Item gt;nbsp;fublaraepiftyliorum ornamenta,amp; plutcorum columnar �nbsp;rumc]^ fupcrior� diftributio, operoi�m detrahit mo�eftiam,nbsp;funiptusc� im m inuit ex magna parte fummam. Ipf� uero conbsp;iumn�'in aitttudine perp�tua fub trabe teftudinis perduAx,.nbsp;amp; magnific�tiuamampcnf�j�SC auAor�atem/opcri adaugerenbsp;Uidiuitur,

A G��cilinquadrafo,ampli{nmis] Gr^cli^Uddriito�roult Pfnt:itali'olgt;loi]go,uti �ri latitudo^uAS longitudinii tertiM haberet.Egonbsp;^rononimprobduerOf/tdupUeritlongitudinisiadUtitudinem, B Gianbsp;'iiaroriamuncrain foro dan�.] Vf(erii�/�if�io,WKHfr4gl4�iMto*nbsp;f�'iitf�rotedifolitdelJ�iexcdp,i.libj3.Ptimj,AfcomoPeditt)io,(^Sue�nbsp;^itioinC.Cee/dre^didicimttt. C McnianaquefuperioribusJMenbsp;tfidnd 'fmt protc�llt;e proie�ieue pergulte, di�llt;e d Hienio, quicum d�inumnbsp;^Uttm hdbuerdt ad �rum J^c(llt;intem,exceptd und coltimnd uendidijjet, tbnbsp;Sndproiecitfdi^ tdbuldtum con�ruxit : undi i{gt;[e cr pofieriiglddidtoretnbsp;l^f:�drent,Aui�oribufAfconioPedidno,Slt;M, Pomfieio, Cf Porphyria�nbsp;^odxdtionesduttm dixitpro tdbuldtis,dbdxibM�id eft^tdbulis� D Conbsp;lumn� fiiperioresiquarta parte ] Hic idc crd�itudine loquitur,.nbsp;^Udnqudm er cdndemrdtioncm/tndkitudine fequi oportet � E Vtinnbsp;arboribus terctibus] Contrdflurdcolumndrumiduildeftamfeen�nbsp;drboribitt,quMd rddicescrdff�,fen�m fefecontrahenter��igidnnbsp;tUT� F Bafilicarumloca/adiundaforis.] Rcgilt;edomusi3dfili�nbsp;w interpretdntur,ut uidedtun�ijjc initiai toed,quo conuenirent Principes /nbsp;nd IMS dicendum-.po�eaicum ddditum effet Triiundl,etidm Rd�ticdSinegoanbsp;nidtoribits ce�tffe,Tribundlimdgt�rdttbusrelii{o,utmoxipfe Vitruuiutnbsp;.Si libet�gito de hdc re Bdptiftdm Alber tuide re ledificdtorid lib. 7�nbsp;Cdp.14, G Sin autem locus erit] Exi�intolChdlcidici^�iffedmbUtnbsp;Idtionesfecundum Tribundl trdnfuerfdt, ubiRhetores eSquot; Cdufidici etidntgt;nbsp;Her�drentur,diuerfd! fcilicetd port icibus, Editidmbuldtionemiuocdt Leonbsp;AlbertUiiCduffdicdm, ut�rtdffeinon mdl� hoc loco legt po�it, cdufidici !nbsp;tit extremis confiitudntur, ut fubdudidtur,dmbuldtioncs.Dechdlcidicisninbsp;hildpuddliumfcriptorem legere me memini. H HabentespoftfePa'nbsp;taftatas,] Hoclocopo�ponuntur. Suntatids pdrdfldtiepiliequadrdtte,nbsp;nut tdpides'pildrum modo dd columndrum Idterd dppofiti,uulgopild�r(l�nbsp;U di�r,promin�tibus ipffs columnis pdrtibm dudbus,dut fccundum alios/nbsp;pdrtefolummodo fuimedid. 1 Hcmicyclifchcmatis] Periphrafis'nbsp;tH dr cits circuit,cum non e� tnfeger �imicircultis,fed flexd eo minor lined�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�

K Trabes Euerganc�. ] Compd^lilcsifuperius uocduit, id e�tignis iiet�i5fompd�a.:ni�cuimdgispldcehtiaffdbre�{l(is,quod /

Grfcis�t dccurdt�(nbricutum. L Et pluteorum columnarum� que fuperiorum diftributio. ] Pluteifuntfuperiorumabii^io^nbsp;� ttbi� (olumnis interfepte(,ut pdul� ante�

AE R An'um career, curia, foro funr coniungenda ,[fcd A ira uti magnitudo fymmetrif corumforo refpondeat �nbsp;maxime quidem/curia imprimis eil facienda ad dignitatemnbsp;municiprj fiue ciuicatis. Et fi quadrata eric, quantum habuegt;nbsp;rit latitudinis, dimidia addita.lt;confiicuacur akicudo : fin au^nbsp;tem oblonga fucrit,longitudo 5i latitudoc�ponatur,amp; fun�nbsp;ma corapof�ca,eius dimidia pars/fub lacunarijs akitudini de�nbsp;tur.Prjtereapr�cingendi funt parietes medij,coronis^xintcgt; �nbsp;ftino op�re,aut albario,addimidiapartem altkudinis. Quacnbsp;fi non erunr, uoxibidifputantiG/clata in akitudinem, intellOnbsp;ftui non poterie eile audientibus.Cum autccoronispr�cinA�nbsp;parietes crunquox ab fis m orata,prius quam in a^re e�ta difnbsp;fipctur,auribus en't int�lkda.

A Acrarium, career,curia, forofunt] Career ttmtfluod ad no� ftrum tempus pertinetl duo funt genera .Vnum, quo tare alieno obno^�jnbsp;tctntijjier de�nentur, dum perfoluerint : aut parum excultis moribus (ynbsp;p�tulantes, ut ab inita uitaflafciuiajcr petulantiaabflerreatttur,detinen^nbsp;tur.AlterumIquoftagitiofi cr feekraticoercentur. �siquomodo extruidenbsp;teat,docetLeoAlbcrtusltb.f,cap.t}, B Coroniscxinteftino]Cflnbsp;ronod pro coronicibus int�gr�s dixit,id efl,priecin�lionibuslet ueluti tras*nbsp;uerfis�ngulis,quibtis!precinguntur parietes,neuoxpriufquamintelled{i!lnbsp;fit,di�ipetur.P.ad(mrationepulpitaetfuggeflacon(wnant�obtegimiit,nbsp;cr bemieyclas fedes choriin Templis, itaq; pnecin�ionibus iHis fiebat,tdnbsp;�ox no elabereti{r,fed uelutirepulfacogeretur, cr pleniorto�rmatior^nbsp;fieret. Ali�secrona ornamentum e� eamere,utlib,?,capite �. undecoatnbsp;toaarium opus,eiufdem Itbri cap.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;s *

CVM forum lt;onftirut�fucrir,tum Dcoruimmortalnim diebus fcftisludorSfpcAarionibus cligendus eft locusnbsp;thcarroquamfalubcrrimtis: irtin primo librodefalubritad'/nbsp;busin mccniumcollocationibus/cft fcriptu. Per ludoscnim/nbsp;cum coniugibus �C liberis perfedentes,delelt;ftarionibus detigt;nbsp;ncnrur;amp;corpora propter uoluptatem immota/parcntes haquot;nbsp;� bentuenas, In quas,�nf�dunt aurarum flarus:qui fi a regioni^nbsp;buspaluftribus,aut3lrjsregionibusuitiofisadueni2t,nocenAnbsp;tes fpiritus corporibus infundcnt.ltacj/fi curtofius cligetur lonbsp;eus thcacro ,unabuntur uitia. Etiamcf prouidendum eft,nenbsp;irtipetushabcaca mcridie. Solenim cumimplcteiusrotundtnbsp;tatem, a�rtonclufus curuatura, neep habens poreftatem uagt;nbsp;gandi,uerfando(conferucfcir,amp; candens/adurit cxcoquitc{!,S4nbsp;tmminuicecorportbus-humorcs.Ideo'maximeuitand�luntnbsp;bis rebus uitiofae regioneSj�i digcnd�ifalubres. Fundamen#nbsp;torum autemf�in monribus fucn'rjacilior er� ratio: fed fi ne#nbsp;cefl�tas coegericin piano aut paluftri loco ca conftitui, folidanbsp;tioncs fubftrudionesc�iira crunt faciendae, quemadmodumnbsp;C defundationibus �dium facrarum/in tertio libro eft feripti�,nbsp;Infupcrifundamenta/lapideis �i marmorciscoprjs gradationnbsp;D nesab fubftrudione fieri debent. Pr�cinftiones/ad altitudi#nbsp;tiestheatrorumpro raraparte faciend� uidentur, necfaltio#nbsp;fes, qua'm quanta praecinftionis itineris fit latitudo. Si enimnbsp;fxcelfiorcs fuerint,rcpellcnt)amp;cqcientinfupcriorcm partcnifnbsp;ttorem:necpaticnturin fcdlbusfummis^quacifuntfupra praenbsp;cindionesj uerborum cafusterta fignificationc ad aures pernbsp;� uenire. Etadfummam'itacftgubcrnandum,utilincalt;uadnbsp;ttnum gradum, S)i ad fummum'extcnra fuerir,om nia cacuminbsp;fagraduutn angulosc^tangat,ita�ox nonimpedietur. Adinbsp;twscompluresamp;fpadofos/oportct difponere, nccconiunigt;nbsp;t�losfuperiores.fnfcrioribus , fed ex omnibus locis/perpe#nbsp;f tuosamp;diredos fine inuerfuris faciendos:uncumpopulusnbsp;dfinitdtur de lpeAaculis,ne copritnatur, ied habeat ex omnfnbsp;bus lo#

bus iocis exi�cus fcparatos fine impedirione. Eriam diligcntef cftanimaduer�ndum,nc fit locus furdus, fed utincoiuox cfnbsp;clarifiime uagari pofl�t.Hoc uero/fieri ita porerit, fi locus clegt;nbsp;�Susfucritjubinonimpcdiaturrefonanna . Voxautctn/cftnbsp;Vox^ttU, lpiritusfluens,amp;acris��u f�nfibilfs auditui.Ea n3ouetur,cirgt;nbsp;� culorum rotundationibusinfini�s;un fi in ftantem aquatnianbsp;pideimmilTo/nafcancurinnumerabilesundarum drculitrcgt;nbsp;) fccntcsa centrojamp;quam ladffime pofl�ncuagantes:rufi ang�nbsp;fiia loci interpellaueric, aut aliqua ofFcnfio , qu�fion patitufnbsp;defignationescarumundar�/ad exitus pcruenire.Itac�cunanbsp;intcrpellentur ofFenfionibus,primf redund�tcsinfequentiun*nbsp;difturb�tdcfignationcs .Eadetn ratione/uoxitaadcircinianinbsp;cfFicit motiones.Scd inaqua/circuli/�qua planifie in latitudt^nbsp;nemlt;moucntur:uoxiamp; in latitudinem progrcditur, amp; altitugt;nbsp;dinemgradatimfcandit.Igiturutinaqualxndarum defignagt;nbsp;tionibus,icain uocecum ofFenfio nullaprimam interpellauenbsp;rit, nondifturbat fecundam, neciniequentes, fed omncs.fincnbsp;rclbnantia,perueniunt adimorum, �ifummorum aurcs.Efnbsp;go uercres architelt;Si,natur� uefiigia perl�cuti, indagationi#nbsp;bus uocisfcandentes theatrorum perfecerunt gradationcs;�inbsp;qu�fiueruntfpcrcanonicam mathcmaticorum ,amp;muficaninbsp;rationem,ut qujcuncj uox elTet in rcena,clarior �C fuauioradnbsp;fpeftatorum perueniret aurcs. Vti enim organa fn �ncis la^nbsp;tninis,autcorneis,dicfijad chordarumfonituumclaritatctn Hnbsp;perficiuntur: fic theatrorum, per harmoniceaad augendaxnnbsp;uoccm,rafiocinafionc^ab antiquisfuntconftitutae .

A Ludorumfpeftationibuscligenduscftlocus] Spe�dcUquot; lorum locaftriphci ^runt npud untres difjvrent�. Ernt enim ThedtruM-,nbsp;Ueluti pdrs circidi ditnidin ,0quot; eo dmpliundiamctri qudrtd pdrs : ft modonbsp;btmicycU cornua/rc�isi:ir coieqult;tlilgt;iM lineis producereniur NdnscUfHnbsp;fltxis poft ftmicirculum lmeisMerentur,exintegro circuit dmbitmjudr�nbsp;Um pdrtem ddimentes, quod reliquum crdt, rheatro dabant. 1 hcd�nbsp;trum dutemnonconftitilfe folohcmieydo, er �rmd ipfdmtnui drridcttftnbsp;er Amplnth:dtror(iim,qM extant eiMei Siomte, Otriculif Veronre,

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. V. 20^ ni�tt/i, {^relatif, er dUj! loeit,figurte probant. In eo'�ebantfire hidi Scentnbsp;Duobtti Theairis iuniliacoeptum e� tcdificari Amphiteatrum, ad luanbsp;dos ttiagis gladidtorios,er concluptrum �rarum uenationes, Qwwodonbsp;contra belluas decertaretur,fcrtbit Ca�iodorm Variarum lib, s. qui au*nbsp;^or quia non omnium teriturmambus,er ab alio quem uidcrim,ratio connbsp;oertandinon traditur,no erit ab in�ituto alienum,eius uerbaiadfcribtre�nbsp;t^rimu{(inquit)fragfli ligno conjifus currit ad ora beUuarti; er Ubid quodnbsp;cupitcuadere,magno impetuuidetur appetcrefpari^ �e curfu'��inatnbsp;priedatori er prteda,nec aliter itutus clJepote�, ni�h�te quam uitare cu=nbsp;pit,occurrerit.Tunciinaere,faltucorporiselcuato,quafiue�esleui�intte,nbsp;fupinata membra iaciuntur, er quidam arcuscorporeiu fupra be�uam li=nbsp;brattif,dummorasdifcedendifiLcit,fubipfoluelocitasftrinadifcedit. Sicnbsp;accidit,ut l�eimagispo�it mitior uideri,quiprobatur i�udi, Alter/angulis xnbsp;in quadrifrria mundi di�ributionccompo�tis, rotabih uelocitate priefuanbsp;mens,non difcedendoifi{git,non felongius �ciendoidifcedit ,fequitur infeanbsp;quentem,poplitibuifereddens^oximum,utorauitet Vrforum-lllein teanbsp;nuem regulam uenire fu�jenfus,inuitat�xitiabilem �ram, er ni� pericU*nbsp;tatiK �erit, nihil undeuiuerepo�itiacquirit, Alterlfege�abilimuro cana^nbsp;nariim,contra �eui�imum animal,ericif exemplo receptatui,includit,quinbsp;fubitodn tergusfuumre�giens,intr��ecotteilmiabfconditur, er cum nufnbsp;quam difce�'erit,eius corpu�culumnonuidetur, Ndw �cut ille,uenientenbsp;eontrarioireuolutus in /^hlt;eram,naturalibus de�nfatur aeuleist�c i�e/conbsp;futili crate priecin�uf,munitiorredditur/fragilitate cannarum, Alij tria jnbsp;buf,ut ita dixerim,difpo�tis ofliolis,paratam in fe rabiemiprouocare pr�nbsp;fumunt,in patenti areacancello�s fe po�ibus occulentcs,modo freies,moanbsp;do terga mon�rantes,ut mir um �tleuadere,quos ita re�gt;icis/per Leonumnbsp;ungues dentes^'Uolitare.Alterllabenti rota frris offer tur, eademlaltereri'd'nbsp;amp;tur,utperieulis auf�ratur- Sichicc machina ad infidi mundiformata qu4nbsp;litatem, i�osfpe refiuet, l�ositimoredifcruciat, omnibus tarnen uici�tmfnbsp;utdeciperc po�itiarrtdet, Ha�enus Ca�todorus/amphithcatrales ludosnbsp;txplicuit, Amphitheatrumpc�quam in oblongam �rmamtra�tim t�,nbsp;Circus coepit uocari,� circuitu dt�usiad Udos currules, cur fas, er nauanbsp;uiachias.De drei uero rationeiqui uclet inteliigere,uclim confulat Ca�ioanbsp;dori lib,},Variaru,B Inquas�nfiduncaurarGflatus.JCtwcfcfrt

tiwn er Mentorum corpora, �cHius pcrfluatur'uitio�s er infalubriinf ucntis,piitentcsitcnie C Dcfundadonibus�diumfacrarumnbsp;in tertio librojCdpJfeffrfzo . D Pr�cinAioncsadaltirudi-nestheatrorum J Fneciniliones hoc locoifunt grdduum fuperioruntnbsp;ab injirioribus diui�ones,Totd enimgrdddtioneiin pdrtcs tres diuifd�n*nbsp;gulisdiui�onibui�cbdtgrddufiduplo cictcrii Idtior . Altitudiittmcb^nbsp;nut�gni�cduit Vttruuiuticutn dit : Pnedn��tones non e�e dltiorcs, qudinnbsp;quanta fit itincris pr�cin�iionis latitudo�d cfi^interieilat uclutigraduinanbsp;rcfrddiiones-.er areolaSydltiorcs ejjc non dcbere,qudgt;n fint ldt�. Latitudinbsp;nit non finit rationem, fed f�iffe eam, qudm dixi,dnimadilt;crfdtn �x u �10=^nbsp;rum monumentts. E Vti linea,ciirn ad imiim gradum] Hicdined,nbsp;pro �tniculo dccipitur,ut lib.�.cap-si.er lib.^-cap.�. vtitur Pliniut lib^nbsp;ji.cdp.t.erColumc�ddlicubi, F Dire�ftosamp;fineinuerfurisfaci*nbsp;endos.] Sineflexu,nc indngulis, dumdiuertendumerfledendumefi,nbsp;qudndo� /fcdldculis defeendit populut, confluentes fe comprimdt^ Gnbsp;�atnoueturcirculorum rotundationibus] Conf�rtuocemeumnbsp;orbibus er circulis,quosunddiailo lapide reddit, Phdofophiceifiudqui�nbsp;dem- H Diefiadchordartimfonitunniclaritatcm] Diefis^in^nbsp;tettigiturftatmlqu�mfonuifenfupercipipotell, hoc loco,pro fonituu/mnbsp;quodam difcriminescapite proximo'in harmonico pro qudrta toni parte.nbsp;EtDtefimquidemPh�olaus dpudBoethiumlibroi.\u�ceSf,cdp 4.effenbsp;aitflidciiitn, quo'duobut tonis maior efife/quialtera proportio, id eft he^nbsp;mitonium minus,cuius dimidium uocatur Diachyfma. (quanqua in icquatnbsp;duat partes idiuidi non potefl re ipfa, cum contincat riiefisftpra tria co^nbsp;mata f�r�diinidium.^ilemitoniumautem moius,qua: Apotome dicitur, efinbsp;bemitonium cumeommate, infuperpartientepropertione obferuaium,

HARmonia autcm'eft muf�ca litcratura obicura amp; difif�^ cilis,rnaximeqiiidcm,quibuamp;gr�cclirer�nonfuntnonbsp;t� : quamifi uolumus cxplicarc, necefle eftetiam gr�cis uergt;nbsp;bis liti, qiiod nonnulla eoriimlatinas non habent appellationbsp;nesjtacj ( utpotero),'qu�apertin�tneex Ariftoxer^cripturisnbsp;interpre#

tuG defignabo, uti qui diligentius attcnderit, faciliuspercipc nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;, .

B rc pofljic.Voxenim'mucarionibuscumflc(fiirur,aliasfitacu C ta,alias grauis:duobuscj: modis mouctur,e quibusainushalt;nbsp;betcfFcdiiscontiniiaros,akerdiftantes. Continuauox'ncc�nbsp;in finitionibusconfiftitjuccf inloco ullo,efRcirc^ terminationnbsp;ncs non apparentes ; interualla autem media(patentia,uti fernbsp;monecum dicimus,fol,'Iux,flos,nox. Nuncenimhccundenbsp;incipit, nec ubi definitintelligitur, fed neegex acutafada eftnbsp;grain's, ncc ex graui'acutaapparctauribiis. Per diftantiam aunbsp;tem t c�trario.namcj; cum fleditur i n mutatione uox, ftatuitnbsp;fein alicLiius fonitus Hnitionem ; deinde/in alterius,amp; idtultronbsp;citrot� crebro facicdo/inco nftans apparet fenfibuSjUti i n ca nnnbsp;tionibus,cum fiedentes uoces/uarietatem facimusmodulannbsp;tionis.Itacjintcruallis ea cum uerfatur^ amp; unde initium fecir,nbsp;amp;C ubi defijt,apparct'in fonorum patentibus finitionibus. Menbsp;diana autem patcntia/inreruallis obfeurantur. Genera uennbsp;ro modulationumfunt tria. Prim�iquod Gr�ci nominant,nbsp;^t�Mow�v.Secundum,xfS|U�.Tertium,XaTc^ov.Eftautemharmo 'nbsp;ni� modnlatio ab arte concepta; �iC3 rc/cantio ciustnaximenbsp;grauem amp; egregiam habet audoritatem.Chroma fubtili fonnbsp;lertia ac crebritate modulo rum/fuauiorc m habet dele dationnbsp;g nem.Diatononuero quod naturaliseft,facilior inintcruallo

r� diftantia. In his tribus generibus/diffimiics funt tetrachor--' dorumdifpofitiones,quodharmonia/tetrachordorumamp;tonbsp;nos �idiefes habet binas.Diefisautamp;eft toni pars quarra,ita innbsp;hemitonioldu�diefesfuntcolIocat�.Chromati,duo hemitonbsp;nia in ord inc funt copofita, tertium trium hemitonior�/eft in'nbsp;� teruallum .Diatoni duofuntcotinuati toni, tertium hemitonnbsp;nium/finittctrachordi magnitudin�. Itaiin tribus generibus'nbsp;tetrachorda'cxduobus tonis,amp;hemitonio/funt peraequata.nbsp;Sedipfaicumfeparatim uniufeuiufej generisfinibus'eonfidennbsp;tantur, diifimilem habet interuallorum defignationem ,Iginnbsp;turlintcrualla tonorum(amp;hemitonior�/amp; tecrachordorumnbsp;in uocc diuifit natura, finiuitcf terminationescorum/menfunnbsp;ris,intcruallorumquantitatc,modisc�ccrtisdiftantibusconnnbsp;dd ij

fticuitqualitatcs,qiubus�ctiam artifices qui organa fabricant SonitKtnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cxnaturaconftitutis utendo Jcomparancadconccntuscon^

ewjwn� uenicntescorumperfcdiones, Sonitus,quiGr3ecc�)�o).).o(di# sener^nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;unoquoq:generc|funtdccem amp; O(3:o, e quibusO^

* nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;� ftoffunt in tribusgeneribus perpetui 8cftanres,rcl{quidcceni'

cum communitcr modulantur,funt uagantes. Stances autem flint, quiintcr mobiles interpofititontinentterrachordi con#nbsp;iundionei'n,amp; egenerum diferiminibusfuis finibusfunt pernbsp;manentes.Appenanturautcfic,proslambanomcnos,hypa#nbsp;tc hypatOjhypate meibn,mefc,netc,fynemmenon,paramefe,nbsp;netc diezeugmenon,nete hyperboleon � Mobiles autem f�nf,nbsp;qui�n tctrachordo inter immotas difpofiti,in generibus amp; lonbsp;cis'loca mutant .Vocabula autem habent h�c.Parhy pate bynbsp;paton,lichanos hypaton,parhypate mcfon,Iichanos mefon,nbsp;trice lynemmen�jparangtc fyneinmen5,tricediezeugmenon,nbsp;paranctediezcugmenon,trice hyperboleon, paranete hyper#nbsp;boleon.Ei aucem qui mouenturlrecipiuncuirtutes alias. In#nbsp;terualla cnimiSi diftantias habenctrefcentes. Icaquejparhy#nbsp;pate,qu�in harmonia'diftat ab hyparediefi,in Chromate munbsp;tata,habet hemitonium, in diatono uero tonum . Quili#nbsp;chanos in harmonia dicitur,ab hypate diftat hemitoniumu�nnbsp;chroma translatus, progreditur duo hemitonia, in diatono-^nbsp;diftat ab hypate tria hemitonia. Item^ decern fonituspropternbsp;translationesin gencribus,cfFiciunt triplice modulationutnnbsp;uarietatem.Tetrachordaautemffuntquinc�jprimumygrauif#nbsp;thordor� fimum,quod grocccdicituruTrarov. Secundum (medianum,nbsp;gencr4, quod appellaturMi'w, Tertium/coniunftum,quodirvi'igt;xMtv�'',nbsp;dicitur. Qiiaraim idifiunilhum, quodnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nominatur.

QlI^ntum�quode^lacuti^^^mum,grfcc�7r^��o'xt^)^dicitur.Con# .1 centus/quos natura hominis modular! poreft,gr�cc(�

��vi� dicuntur,{iintf�x,diatelTaron,dfapente, diapalbn,dia# pafon turn diateflaron, diapafon c�� diapence, difdiapalon.nbsp;Idcoqiic/i?i a numero noii(inireccperunr,quod cum uoxc�#nbsp;ftitcritin una fouorum finitione, ab cac^�fcfledcnsinutaue#nbsp;ritjamp;perucncritinquartam terminationem, appellaturd'a#nbsp;Vifaroivn quintain diapcntc,in oiftauam diapaibn,in odla#nbsp;uara iSC

DB ARCHITEC. LIB, V, 2,5 uam amp; dimi'diam,di'apafon 8c diateflaron,m nonam Scdiminbsp;diam ,diapafon 8idjapente ,in quintamdccimamdiTdiapa^nbsp;fcn. Non enim inter duo interualla, cum chordarum fonigt;nbsp;�iisj aut uocfs cantus fadus fuerir, nec in tertia, aut iexta,autnbsp;feptimaipoflunt confonanti� ficrijSed (utfupra fcriptum eft)nbsp;diateflaronet^diapenrcjcxordine/ad difdiapafonc�uenientcs'nbsp;cx natura uocis congrucntis habcntfinitiones ,8c ci conccn#nbsp;tu s p rocrca ntur ,'ex coniundione fbnituum, qui gr �ce ^Se/ytinbsp;dicuntur.

A Et eius Diagrammafubfcribam. ] Didgrttmni�'de/tgndttoo-ncmjde�rmdtionetn,defcriptionemlt;iue fignij�citt. i�itts Mtem Dids 2rdmmdtis,utdlidrum ommutntiuas Vitruuiuspotticetur, idUurdm �ci*nbsp;tnui,ndm quod d 1 ocKHiio Veroncn�'ddditu/in efl (� modo eius efliquod exnbsp;cuficm ccrnitur)uitionon cdret,ut reliqud�re omnid, QwniQr vitrutu*nbsp;W ipfefibi dduerfdbUuri�lt;luidim'uulgdtdm et receptdm rctinemus (crisnbsp;pturdm,ut �ne controuer�d i�thocf^ fequenti cdpite/atiqud mutdre ne�nbsp;te�drium. B Voxcnim mutationibus cum fleditur, aliasnbsp;fit acura,aliasgrauis,] Sottiquidem�r�uitdtemfieri,cum exintimonbsp;quidemi�iiritus trdh!tur,dcumen ueroexfuperficie or is emitti, du�or e�nbsp;ilidrtidnusCdpe�dlib.^- C Equibus�inu^habetcffcdusconti�nbsp;nuatos,alter(difi:antcsj] l�artidnusidem,ltb,eodem,ide�detau�ctl,nbsp;tripltccm uocis rdtionem e�efcribit: Continudm,uelut co�oquitmt; Diuisnbsp;fdm�ue DidflcmdtKdm,quaminmoduldtione �rudmusie^ Hiixtdt�,qu4/nbsp;fdrmind recitdittur.vidc tdmen Bocibiu Itb ; Ku�ctea.cdp-u.ndtn lib.s^

s.trddit de uocibus uni(onis/et �5 unifonus. D Ira�^ inrcrual lis ea cG uerfatur.] interudUd, dicuntur dij�emdtd, id e� uocis�gt;dcici,nbsp;qt�bus dcutd etgr�^ui5 includitur; Qi^einddmod� dutemexeis�unt fyflesnbsp;Mdtd,itdhitciex phthongis,qi��clcnicntorumuiceinmu�cdfunguntur,nbsp;dtidore Adrd�o Peripdtetico. Qu�duerotriumtdntummodulationumnbsp;^euemn'meminu Vitruuius,lldrmoni�, Chromatis., Toiatoni, tdficitinbsp;plurinjorum fcttfettidmfccutus. Nam Pappus er Clconidcsmixtumddsnbsp;diderunt ud coimniinc^hcc quidem cx iu�flentibus phi hang;s,illud ueroinnbsp;^ioduoduttrtdgenerdincffcnt, EDilfimilesfuntTetrachordoanbsp;dd i^

rum] ExponitCapellxfretrachordum^ijudtuorfonoruMinordinepcifi torumicongruciitcincr fdatnconcordid/Ht F Diatoni, duo funcnbsp;conrinuatt toni,] Hoe demum ucr� efijfinb Hemhonio incipienSjduoSnbsp;tonosfubflitUiM.G Sonitusqui GrgcecfSo-^s/dicuntur] phthotlnbsp;gtii^iiid effet f uirij tradiderunt. Ptolemlt;eufiuolumine de tAu�cd.fonu'ntnbsp;effe,lt;tit,unumcr eundem tenentem tenorem. Eius interpre! Porphyriuf 'nbsp;traditeffeffonum per unumeduflum tenorem.Bdcehiits, tnteruailorientnbsp;nanimum, Ariflides Qv^intilutnut, minimum uocis per fe ele�um. Ari�onbsp;xeniis,cdfumuoci! moduldtilKlad tonumunumt cuifuffrdganturPdppuffnbsp;ar Emmanuel Bryennius �.nam Thra�lo et Theoine� fenfibilis inflrumennbsp;tt uoct! enharmoniui. Antigui phthongosleptem licituerunt,lleptlt;xibor*nbsp;dum lyrttm ieomponentes,ut refirret Lunamihypate, tlt;�iercuriump{irhy*nbsp;pdte,Veneremlhyperp(irhypdtc qult;c cr Lichana, Solernmefe, uiartentnbsp;pdrdmef�,louempdrdnete,Sdtumumnete-Nicomdchu!inhdrmonice!Eitnbsp;chiridio,tontrdrio ordinc enumerdt^cr pldneti!di�ribuit,ut�t(ummdhynbsp;pdte;Sdturno,zirimdncteiBun�diedtd,Alijquindecimuoluerunt, Alij^nbsp;phthongorum^id e� fonorum,qui^ipte Cf turn rdtionemoduldtionem co�nbsp;ponerent,effe decem Qr o�iotroposdrddiderunt, quorum hicGriecMdpnbsp;pelldtiones Vitruuimponit. I^oaquomodo latin� diciquednt, cy ad fcd^nbsp;Idm mu�ees no�ri temporiilre�rri udlednt,ex l�drtidni,Gdphurij, Petrinbsp;Aronis,crdliorum fti.u�corum,quo! uidimusjibrii indicdbimut,� priutnbsp;ntonutrimutexfettientid Prdnchini Gaphurqtcldue! eff� uigintidudf, cuiHnbsp;loannes Ponti�x.xxij.^ Guido Aretima ( qui,ut re�rt Adreas Ornitho'nbsp;pdrcbui, primus,exhymno D. lodnniiBdptiߣi�exill(Ufylldbdi,utgt;f^*nbsp;mi.�/ol.ldMu�cisconfondntijsconuenireperpendit)uigintitdntumuenbsp;lint,Cert�lodn, Profehim�des hisliterii.r.b.bb. tj t]. cc.dd.nbsp;infignitds,dntiquifignotdsferibit, liequelibetyecenferealid,qult;edehnnbsp;trddunt Bento cluntdcen�s Abb. D. Bernardus Abb, CldreudttenfiStCi*nbsp;ttis meus,qudmufs dlijPontendium putent, lodn.T in�or, Itbris omnes d(nbsp;Ku/tca feriptii. Ante omnid dicimu^non effeleui conf�rre po�imus no�rdnbsp;rum �imm� et imdm,id efl.eeldeyyr ut.deindenon effe eundem ordinem^nbsp;Quu^um quo conuenidt, deferiptis no�rorum numeris intelhges .ttdlt;^'nbsp;inctpiemw 4 Proildmlidnometjo, qui Troporum primus cz iu�mus e߻

EXrfeccw feptem pJ)thottgi!(Pyo$lanilgt;Momenofettimgt;iTetgt;^^ chordii noreapitur) conflUuunturTelriichorda quinq},hypMn,mefogt;f,nbsp;f)inemmenon,diczfi^gifi^notf,cr hyperboleon. Q�^elcum in tribut modu'^nbsp;lutionumgcneribu(,harrnonico, ihromatico, t:;}- di(itanico,duobut tonifnbsp;Cr hemitonioiperficidnturi di�imiles tumen hubent interua�orum dij^o^nbsp;fttiones^Primum quidemidbhypatehy paton, ad hypaten mefon de/tgna*nbsp;turtS�cundum,abhypatemefonadmefeniTertiumi� mefead neten fynetnnbsp;menon-Quartumaparamefeadnetediezeugmenotti Quintumi netedienbsp;zeugmenon ad neten hypet'b�leon. Elt;t dt��ow�� m harmonia�untdua^nbsp;but diefibuicr ditono tin chromateiduobut hemitonijt trishemitonioinbsp;�n dtatono,bemitonio,zyduobus tonii, va magnitudine ^uidempertequannbsp;tur,fed interuaHorum diflantia/unt di�imilia . H In diatono ueronbsp;tonum.] in manufcripto exemplari quod Bonon�e inD. Saluatorifnbsp;Bibliotheca uidimut,defunt h� quatuor dt^ionet; rc�e quidem gt; EdWnbsp;fcripturamf:quuntHr quidam codicet ibi impre�i,

] TAexhisindagationibus,mathematicis rationibus fiant uara�rca,prorationemagnitudinistheatr�,cacg'ita fabricnbsp;ccntur,ut cum tanguntur,fonitum faccrc poflint inter fc,diagt;nbsp;tcflaron,diapentc, exordine ad difdiapafon ? Pofteainter fe#nbsp;des theatn'jconftitutis cellis, ratione muGca ibi collocentut,nbsp;ita uti nullum parietem tangant, circac^ habeant locum uagt;nbsp;{uum,amp; afumno capice fpacium,ponanturcg inuerfa, �inbsp;beantin partequ�fpcdatadfcenam ,fuppofitos cuneos,nenbsp;minus altos femipede , contrat^ cas cellas/relinquanturapetnbsp;tur�inferiorum graduum cubilibus,long�/pedes duos, alt� �nbsp;femipcdem.Def�gnationcs autem earum quibus in locis connbsp;fiituantur,f�ccxplicentur.Si n� crit ampla magnitudine theinbsp;trum ,media altitudinis transucrfa regio def�gnetur, amp; in canbsp;tredecim cell�,duodecim �qualibus interuallisdiftantesco�nbsp;fornicentur,uti ea echea,qux,fupralcripta funt, ad neten hyigt;

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. v. 217 ron ad neten diezeugmenon,tcrt(a diateflaron ad neten para#nbsp;D mefon,quartadiateflaron ad neten fynemmenon, quintadi'anbsp;teffaron ad mcfonjfcxtaidiateffaron ad hypaten mefon,in menbsp;dioiunum diateflaron ad hypaten hypaton.Ita hac ratiocinanbsp;E tioneuoxab fcena,uti ab centro profufaiie circutnagens,ta#nbsp;B duc^feriens fingulorumuaforiimcaua,cxcitaiieritaiiftaninbsp;claritatem,amp; concentu conucnientem fibi confbnantiam.Sitinbsp;autem ampliorerit magnitude theatr),tunc)altitudo diuida#nbsp;tur in partes quatuor ,utitresefRciantur regiones cellarumnbsp;transuerle defignat�,una/harmonij,alterathromatos, tertianbsp;diatoni.Et ab imo quf cric prima,ca'cx harmonia collocetur,nbsp;ita uti in minore theatroifupra feript� eft. In mediana aut parnbsp;te prima,in extremis cornibusad chromaticen hypcrboleonnbsp;habentia fonit�ponantur ; in fecundis ab hisdiateflaron, adnbsp;chromaticendiezeugmenonlintertijs'diateftaron,ad chro#nbsp;K maticenfynemmenon,inquartisdiateflaron adchromaticennbsp;fynemmenon,quintisdiateiTaron adchromaticenhypaton,nbsp;fextisad paramefen, quod 5i ad chromaticen hyperboleon,nbsp;diapentc,amp; ad chromaticen mefon �diatelTaron hab eant connbsp;fonanti�c�munitatem.Inmedionihil cftcollocandi�,ideof�pnbsp;fonitu�/nulla alia qualitasin chromatico genere iymphoniaenbsp;confonanti�poteft habere.Infummauero diuifionc,amp; regionbsp;ne cellar�jincornibus primisaddiatonon hyperboleon, fa^nbsp;bricata uafa fonitu pon5tur,in fecundis diateflaron ad diaconbsp;I non diezeugmenon , tertijs'diatelTaron addiatonon fynem#nbsp;mcnon,quartisdiateiraron ad diatonon melon, quintis'dia#nbsp;telTaronad diatonon hypaton, fextis'diateflar� ad proslam#nbsp;banomcnonfln medioiad mefen,quodea, amp; ad proslamba#nbsp;nomenon diapafon,amp; diatonon hypat5,diapente habet fymnbsp;phoniaru comunitates. H�c autamp;ft quis uoluerit ad perfedunbsp;facile perducere, animaduertat in extremo libro diagramma/nbsp;mufica ratione defignatu, quod Ariftoxenus'magnouigorcnbsp;amp; induftria, generatim diuifis modulationibus'conftituru renbsp;liquit:dc quoifi quis ratiocinationibus his attendcrit,amp; ad nanbsp;turam uocis,amp; ad audientium dekftationes,facilius ualue#nbsp;rit theatrorum efficerc perfeftiones.

�narmo	nicum� Chromatkum,		Diatonicum
Srabilis	Tonus	Tonus	Tonus
Mobili's	Diefis	Hemitonium	Hemiton.
Mobilis	Diefis	Hemitonium	Tonus
Stabilis	Di tonus	trishemitoni��	Tonus
Alobilis	Diefis	Hemitonium	Hemiton.
Mobfhs	Diefis	Hemitonium	Tonus
Stabih's	Ditonus	trishemiton.	Tonus
Mobilis	Diefis	Hemitonium	Hemiton.
Mobilis	Diefis	Hemitonium	Tonus
Stabilis	Ditonus	trishemiton.	Tonus
Srabilis	Tonus	Tonus	Tonus
Mobilis	Diefis	Hemitonium	Hemiton.
Mobilis	Diefis	Hemitonium	Tonus
Stabilis	Ditonus	trishemiton.	Tonus
Mobilis	Diefis	Hemitonium	Hemiton.
Mobilis	Diefis	Hemitonium	Tonus
Stabilis	Ditonus	trishemiton,	Tonus

Proslamfaanomcnos, Hypatchypatonnbsp;Parhypatchypatonnbsp;Lichanoshypatonnbsp;Hypatemefonnbsp;Parhypatcmefonnbsp;f.ichanos mefonnbsp;Mefc

T rite diezciigmcnon Paranetc diczeiigmenonnbsp;Nctcdiezeiigmcnonnbsp;Trite hypcrbolconnbsp;Paranecchyperbokoftnbsp;Ncte hy perboko n

K Dicctali'quisfort^mukatheatraRomfquotannisfaAaefle, necp ullam rationem hanim rcrumln his fuifle ; fed erraiiic innbsp;co ,quod omnia publira Jignca thcarraitabulationeshabcntnbsp;complures,quasncccfle eft fonarc.Hoc ueroUcecantmaduer'/nbsp;tere etiam a citharcdiSjqui'fuperiore tono, cum uolunt cane/nbsp;re,aducrtunt ie;ad fceng uakias, amp; ita/recipiunt ab earum augt;nbsp;xilioiconfonantiam uocis.Cum autem exfolidisrebusthea^nbsp;lraconftituuntur,id eftiexftruAuracementorum,lapidc,marnbsp;more, qu�/fonare non poflunt tunccx his hac ratio ne fiintnbsp;cxplicanda.Sin autem quxritur, in quo theatro'ca fint fafta,nbsp;Rom�non pofliimus oftcndere,fedinItali�regionibus, amp;nbsp;gt;n pluribus G�rxcorum ciuitatibus. Etiamc^ autorem habe#nbsp;mus. L.Mumminum,quijdirutothcatro Corinthiorumeiusnbsp;aenca Romam dcporcauir,amp; de manubrjs/ad �dcm Lun�dcnbsp;dicauit. Multi etiam folertes architedi, qui inoppidis nonnbsp;magnis thcatra conftituerunt,propter inopiam, fiAilibus do /nbsp;lijs ita fonantibuscleAis,hac ratiocinationc compofitis,pcr/nbsp;feceruntutililfimoseffedus�

A ExordineadDiapafon,] lde�,ita/ibrictitd�ntudfd,utcdi locdtdKumtd�d fi(crmt,redddnt fymphonidru diffrrentidt omncs,ide�fnbsp;^idteffdron, Didpente,Didpdfon, Didpdfott ey Didtcjfdron, Didpdfonnbsp;t? Didpente.cr DisdidpdfonjdeftrdtioneintcrudlU fepiuitertid,fefc[ui�nbsp;tltcrd,dupld,dupld fefyuitertidfdupld �lquidherd,quddrupld. Hm feptis/nbsp;flduferunt Pythdgorici uocum concentum. Quicijuid fuprd e�et, putduetnbsp;gt;^unt �ridorem e�e ueriusiqudm concinndm uocem. Vide Boethium Ub^denbsp;t^u�cd 1. er Plutdrchum, ndm reccntiores hdud in�iteDifdidpafon cutnnbsp;^idpente dddiderunt,id e� nondm dccimdm, f Didte�dron enimiiudrtdtnnbsp;f^ocdntiDidpentc, quintdmi Didpdfon olt;t{dt^dm^Diapdfon cnmDidpente'nbsp;�luodecimdmiDifdidpdforn^uintdmdecimdm: Quincum ndtnrd compdrdnbsp;^�^�t,utuoxhominum'hdud�r�ddDifdidpdfonintenddtur (�ciuidetnnbsp;Wer ptqudntum dut intendi dut deprimi po�unt,expenddtur ) fidibus dd�nbsp;^^K dduige�mumuocK grddum progreffos ,dtqueddtoiddtri�iidpdanbsp;fon �y uigefifnutnfecundumS�^ttduin ,fenfunec ^uicyidm edtenut recldetnbsp;te ij

220 M. VITRVVII POLL� miinte,trtlditTroJchius,Addiimin Cf hoc/Mi�Arij uke, D�teffitrottreci^nbsp;pere fonos qudtuor,/^dciei tri�,toiioi duos'cr femiffit�, Diapentefonosnbsp;quitjque,/pdcia^uiituor, tonos tres Cf fentijfent. Didpdfon fonos o�o,nbsp;f}gt;lt;icilt;ifeptcm, tonos fex ? Didpdfoncf Didteffdron, fonos undecim,nbsp;fpdciddecem, tonos o�oiQr femi/fem, Didpdfon er Didpente,fonosnbsp;duodecim, Ipdcid undecim, tonos nouent/cr fentijj�nt. Difdidpdfon,nbsp;fonos ^uindecim ,�)dcid qudtuordecim, tonos decem� B Suppocnbsp;fitos cuncos. ] Hoe locoicuneis�rreis dltisfemipedefuflincnturdreiinbsp;Udfd:proximo cdp,cuneifunt thedtrigrdduumiubifedcntjfeildtores, or*nbsp;dines qui diriguntur in interudHk dudrum linedrum d centro dd circum�*nbsp;rentidnncuneimodo duildrum Ccentrum hidpro Orchc�ritpunHo me*nbsp;dioaccipimus.)Spe��dnturdutem 4 fummdgrdddtioneddimdm. Inter cUnbsp;neosifiebdnt itinerd,id nosdx Thedtri K. KdrceHi icbnogrdphiddnimddnbsp;uertimtis, ndm Vitruuim trdditld pnecMionibus dlterniscunecs defcrknbsp;bi oportere,ut quemddmodum funt prieciniliones tres,�nt er euneorumnbsp;gcnerdtridperedSfdlterndernondire�d. C Vti cacchca. ] Ilt;ff^nbsp;Sonituivmertroporu!difcrimindi�ddecemeroilo- D QuarraDianbsp;teflaron, ad Neten Synemmenon.] Hoc�lfumeR,qudreexpun*nbsp;gendddidioDidteffdron. E Vt ab ccntro profufa fe circum�nbsp;agens.] Hu�pertinet,quodfcribitiMp.demotioneuocisddcircinum.nbsp;F Ta�tiiqueferiensfingulorumuaforum caua.] Exiftimduitnbsp;Ariflotelcs Problemdtonfe�iionei. nonpdrumidduocisconfirreconfo*nbsp;ttdntidm/udfdudcud crputeos, Vitruuius, ingrdduumpneein�ionibui,nbsp;qudfdiximui effe tres, ( f�quidem mdgnd funt Thedtrd ) tot idem ceOdrumnbsp;regionesiconftitu�t, ubi coHocentur Udfd inuerfd, quorum percu�ione/t(dnbsp;ffc�dtorumduresluoxuegetior,cldrior,dt^fuduiorperueniret. Edsr^*nbsp;gionesin tredecim ceUds diuidithequd�tbus interudllk,fex/hinc dtt^ hinc, etnbsp;undm,tnedidm .Inimd pracindioneiponuntur udfd, qu�!rdtionem hdbentnbsp;hdrmonir, boe modo. In cornuum ce��isicollocdntur,qult;e fonitum bdbentnbsp;t^ctes byperbolconiSubfequtitur utrinq^qu� ftnt dd �^cten die^eugmen�,nbsp;interudUoconfonanti�Didtcffaroniintcrtijscellislfuntqult;eadtJefenp^nbsp;rdmcfrn,internjUoitemDidteffdron: Qtt�funtin qudrtis, tonofoliimmonbsp;do dilldnt,er funt actes fyncmmenom Inquintkeellis/funtddmefenin*nbsp;teriuRo Didteffircn i �nfextiicelUsidd bypdtenmefon, item Lidtejfdron

DE ARCHITEG. LIB. V. 221 figt;lt;iciot �n media cettafunt ad hy paten hypatonJnteruaUo Tytaie/faron � innbsp;ntcdia priecin�ionefunt uafa chromates, CoUocantur antem in cornihut/nbsp;Mfa,quitfuntadparanetenhyperboleoni Jnfecundis cellis adparanetennbsp;diezeugmenon, jjiacio diatejjitron t In tertijsad paraneten fyneififnenon,nbsp;fpacio diapenteiinquartislad Lichanon me(bn,interuallo DiateJJdrontinnbsp;^uintislad Lichanon hypathon,item diatefjaroni infextisad paramefen,nbsp;^uodadparaneten hyperboleon diftat dtapentetCrpdranetcnfynemmenbsp;non,diatelfaron .in chromatismedia cetta nulla funt uafa, quod � Licha^nbsp;no hy paton adproslambanomenon, aut adaliam omnino decern zy odonbsp;nocum^nulla �tconfonantia. Sunt enimhemitonia tantum duoi^ tonus.nbsp;In tertia prtecindione �collocantur uafadiatoni. In corntJui quidemta,nbsp;qua funt adparaneten hyperboleon : In fecundis cellis ad paraneten die�nbsp;Keugmenon,�gt;acio Diateffarontin tertijslad paraneten fynemmenon,dinnbsp;penteiln quartisad-Lichanon mefon,diate/farom In quintisiad Lichanonnbsp;hypaton,diatcjfaron i in fextis qua adproslambanomenon, diatejjaron:nbsp;In media,qua funt ad me fen,quod eaad proslambanomenon habet confo�nbsp;nantiam diapafon,zr ad Lichanon hypaton diapente, llacego fcrip�,utnbsp;locus apud vitruuiu mendofusemendari po�it, cuius me rcifubmonuitfnenbsp;quern laude fua defraudem)Ludouicus Lucenius, uir liberalibus difcipltnisnbsp;prater medicina peritiamleruditus,cuiq;itantum femper tribui, quantumnbsp;homin ^eminiseo erat moruw candore,ea ingenij fcelicitate, eo iudicio,utnbsp;acerrimo cutq; aquari poffet; amicitia quidemnefcio an habuerim paremnbsp;neminemiquod tamcninolo teflimonium hac in re eleuet metvm.Semel aut�nbsp;flatuendum ell,eos troporumiqui Licham cr paraneta dicuntur, in chronbsp;mate diet etiam chromaticas,in Dialono,diatonos. Qttod tradit Boe�nbsp;thiuslibroVlu�cai.cap.zi. g In rerrrjsdiateflaronad chro�nbsp;maticenfynemmenon. ] No�diateffaron,feddiapenteedconfo�nbsp;fiantia. H Eraclchrom�ticcnmcfon,diatenaron.]Prowefo�,nbsp;fcribendum,fynemmenon,alioquiniVitruuiusnonfatisuiderit, I Ter�nbsp;trjs/diatciraron,addiatonon] I mo diapente,non diateffaron, Knbsp;Multathcatra Romoe'quorannisfafta,] Theatraexueteremoquot;nbsp;fe,ligneadc temporaria primum fiebant, pojiietiam uerfatilia, cuiufmodinbsp;C.Curionemin�inebripatrismunere�cijfefcribitPlinitiilib.js.c�p.if.nbsp;^oftc�lapidc cafo or marmore ex�ruda funt, non temporaria nrora,tlt;e quot;nbsp;fumatcrnitatisdefiinatione,utd!camiumPlinio, ec rfy

IP Sius autem thcatri conformatio4�c eft facieda uti quant magna fucura eft perimetros fmi, centro/medio collocato,nbsp;circumagaturlinearptundationis;ineac�/qiiatuoricriban^nbsp;tur trigonaparibus lateribus amp; interuallis,qu�/extremam 1�nbsp;neam circinationis tangant,quibusietiam in duodecim fignonbsp;rum ccclcftium defcriptionezAftrologi,ex muficaconuenicitnbsp;tiaaftrorum/atiocinantur. Ex his trigonis, cuius latus fuegt;nbsp;rit proximum Scenae, ea regionequ� pr�cidit curuaturainnbsp;circinationis , ibifiniatur feenx fron s , 5i ab eo loco'per cen^nbsp;trum parallelos linea ducatur,qii�,id'fiungac profcenijpulpinbsp;tum,amp; orcheftr� regionem. Ita latius fadum fueritpulpitu,nbsp;quam Grjeorum, quod'omnes artifices in fcenam dant ope# �nbsp;ram. In orcheftra autem/fenatoru func fedib�us loca defignagt;nbsp;ca,amp;eius pulpiti altitudo fiche plus pedum quint^, uti quiinnbsp;orcheftrafedcrintjfpedarc �oflintomnium agenti� geftus�nbsp;Cunei fpedaculorum in thearo ita diuidantur, uti anguli trigt;nbsp;gonorum,quitiirrunt circum curuaturam cfrcinationis,dirinbsp;gant afcenfusfcalasc� inter cuncos/ad primam praecindion?.

Supra autemUlternisitineribus fuperiores cunei medijdiri gannir.Hi autem qui funt in imo, amp; dirigunt fcalaria, eruncnbsp;numero feptem ,reliqui quincpifcen�dci�gnabuntc�mpofi#nbsp;tionem, amp; unus mcdiuscotra fc ualuas regiasTiabere debet,nbsp;amp; qui erunc dextra ac finiftra , hofpitalium defignabunt comnbsp;pofitionem.extremi duoifpedabuntitinera uerfurarum.Granbsp;dus fpedaculorum,ubi fubfellia componantur, ne minus alnbsp;ti fintpalmopede, nc plus'pede amp; digitis fex. Latitudines cogt;nbsp;rum/ne pluspedes duo femis, ne tninuspedes duo conftitugt;nbsp;antur�

A Qu�difiungatprofccnii pulpitum.] Profcettiimt,Mlt;ffore Diomede,eftkgt;cuiantefcend, B Quodomncs artifices in fcenamnbsp;dant operain. ] Secus apud Grtecof, apud quos, cum rcliqui artifices'nbsp;^eragittttfua ,foli Tragetnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Comicvfiuoi in feena

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. V. 22^ fi4nt d�ioncs,E� Mtcfcend,utCii�iodoropllt;(cttV�ri�ru�ttilgt;.4, frontnbsp;ThcatrifideAeii Thi:dlripjrs,qu�'db unoeimcornu addherumcumca/'nbsp;operturd ducehdtur, quod fieret Thedtru win hemicycli fire firmdm, Edinbsp;dut uerfilisfitit^quumfubitoitotdimdchinis quibufddm uerteretur,etdlidtnnbsp;pidune ficiem oficnderet: dut dudilii, qudmtrdd is tdbuldtishdc at^ il�nbsp;Iddlfieciespiduranuddreturinterior.AudorSeruiuslib.j, Georg, fedlinbsp;bet Cdfitodori uerbd de origine Tbedtriddfirre,fitnt dutem ex Epiflola ddnbsp;Symmdchum. Cunidgricultores( inquil) firMtis dtebusifacrdidiuerfis nunbsp;tninibus per lucos uicos^ cekbrdrent,Athenienfes primnm dgrefie prinsnbsp;ripiufn,in urbdnum fficitdculum coUegerunt, Thedtrttm'Gneco uocdbu*nbsp;lo, uiforium nomindntes,qu�d eminus dlldntibus,turbd conueniensfine dlinbsp;qu 0 impedimento uideatur.frons dutem Thedtri,fcend dicitur, db umbranbsp;tuci den��imd, ubt/d pdfloribusinchodnteuerno,diuerfis fontscdrminanbsp;tdntdbdntur.HddenusCdfiiodorus- C Extremiduolfpeftabuntnbsp;itinera ucrfurar�- ] Verfurafuntiubiuno latere abfolutolindliuddfnbsp;fiedincce/fiefl.Sic Columettdlib.i.cap.t.de iuueneis ardntibus loquens�nbsp;Sed nec in media parte verfura confiflat: cr pdulopo�, Ckw uentum eritnbsp;dd uerjuram^npriorem partem iugum propeUat, idefivum uentumeritnbsp;dd extremum fulcum.^^ refledendum erit, ut alium profcindds.Uoc ueronbsp;iocoifuntporticus a feena ad Theatri cornud dudlt;e non quidem pertinen=nbsp;tes, Utt in ThedtroMarcelli obferuatum uidimus^quanquam in eo quod Ponbsp;be^quie urbs e� Ddlmatite)cernitur,dd ipfd cornua ita procurrunt, utlicesnbsp;dtipfumThedlrumplanopedeexeisingredi, D Ne minus ahi fintnbsp;palmop ede. 3 Id e�,uiginti digitis,�ue palmis quinque, didione com*nbsp;pofitd�

TEdum portkus,quodifufurum eftinfummagrada^ tione,cum frenae akicudine libratum'perficiatur. Ideo/nbsp;quod uoxcrefcenSj�qualter adfummasgradationesi amp;tegt;nbsp;�ftumfpcruenict.Namcj:ifi non erit �qualc, quo minus fueritnbsp;3kum,uoxpr�i-ipierur ad cam altitudinem,adquam;pcrucgt;nbsp;A nice primo. Orcheftraintergradusimos,quamdiamcnoiinbsp;habuerit, eius fexta parsfumatur ,amp; in cornibus circumquenbsp;adieus

adituSj ad dus mcnfurae perpcndiculumiinferioresfedes pr* cidantur,amp;qu3e pr�ciGofuerit,ibjtonftttuanturirineruni �nbsp;fuperciliau'ca enimfads aidcudinem habebunc eorum c�for^

matfones.Sccn�longitudo ad orcheftr� diametron,duplex C f�en'dcber. PodrjaJtitudolablibramenfopuIpftJ'icumcorona D

amp; Jyf�jduodeci'ma orcheftr� diametri,Supra podniinColutn n� cum capiculis Si fpiris,alt� quarra parte eiufdcm diame#nbsp;tri, Epiftyliaiamp;ornamentaearumcolumnarum,akitudinisnbsp;quinta parte. PJu teum infuper^rum unda amp; corona inferiorisnbsp;plutei dimidia parte, ftjpra id pluteutn column�quarta partenbsp;minore altitudinei�nt,quam inferiores. Epifty�ia amp; orna#nbsp;menta carum colum narumquirita parte.Ircm^ tertia epifee#nbsp;nos futura �rit,'medianiin plutd, fumrri� f�t dimidia parte,nbsp;Cokimn�fumm�medianarum/minus alt� f�ntquartaparnbsp;te.Epiftyliacum cororiis earum columnarum, item habeantnbsp;altitudinis quintam partem. Ncc camen in omnibus theatrisnbsp;fymmctri� ad omnes rationes �C effeftus poftuntrcfponde#nbsp;rcjfed oportet architeiftum ariimaduerterc,quibus pOportionbsp;nibus neceflef�tieq�i iytnm�triam, �iquibus rationibiisadnbsp;loci naturam,autTnagnitudin�opus debeattemper�ri. Suntnbsp;cnim res, quasin pufillo,amp; in m�gh� theatro, necefte eft ea�nbsp;E dem magnitudinfe fieri proptcr�ifum,utigradu9,diazomara,nbsp;plutcos,itincra,afccnfus,pulpita,tribunalia,amp;fiquaaliaingt;nbsp;tcrcurrutjcx quibus;neceffitas cogitdifeedcre ab fymmetria,nbsp;ne impediatur ufus. No minusf�qua exiguitas copiar5,id eftnbsp;marmoris, materi�, reliquarumc^ rerum, qu� parantur innbsp;operi^d�fu�rint, paululom demercautadn'ccre, dum id ne ninbsp;mium improbe fiat,fedcum lenfu,non eritalienum.Hocau^nbsp;tern erir,fi architeftusieritufuperitus: pr�tcrea ingenio mo#

ant aul� regi� , dextra ac finiftrahofpiralia. Secundum autc ea fpaciaad ornatus comparata (qu� loca Gr�cinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;digt;

cunqab co,quod machin�funt in fislocis, uerfatiles trigonos habentes)infingula'trcsfintfpcciesorna:ionis, qu�/cumautnbsp;fabularummutationesfuntfutiir�jfcu deor�aduentusfcumnbsp;tonitribus repentinis,ucrfentur,niurentcp fpeciem ornationisnbsp;in frontes.Secundum ca locaruerfur� funt procuiTcntcs,qu jnbsp;�fficiuntiuna aforo,altcra a peregreiu^itus in feenam. '

A Orcheftraintcrgradusimos. 1 OrchcflrdHomtnifihdnd�-nd�d,Orcheflrdm,db o^\iOfixU,id ejl [alto fiue gcflicuIondt�lMnJocunt effe tn medio Thedtro, ubi funt de�gddtd Senatorum locd, proximo cap,nbsp;! uoluit:idi^uidemdpudRomdnos.i^dmluliusPoB.lib.^.cdp.g.choridi- ,nbsp;citeU�proprtdm,utSccndmid!iorum. B Et qua? pr�cif�ofuent. Jnbsp;Scribendum,�[ud. C Podq altitudo, ] Porfittw/moiMnorttwibrftftnbsp;^eciem, cuius pdrsiqute mdgis prouehitur, pulpit um e�,ue!utipcrgutdnbsp;^Uieddtn, D Cu m corona �C lyfi. ] S,y/tmie:ypdulcgt;poft�nddm,nbsp;pro eodemdi�d exi�imducrim, nempepro�mdre�d dutinnerfd, ide�,nbsp;guld rc�ddut inucr/d( ut itdli uocdnt) ^use^oronlt;e imponi (oient, e:^' un^nbsp;ddm imitdntur�oc e�,und� in�dri�nuo�e �int. Sed in coronis, (iu� pi*nbsp;prdZophorumconflituuntur,nunlt;(Udmnifire��punt. in�ylobdtdrumnbsp;dute coronis,inuer�eaut etidm re�. In Slereobdtis, lt;JU� ba�dmentd uOnbsp;cdnt, dnimdduertinon ni� inuerfds coUocdri. Piguras (ubiunxi.

DE ARCHITEC, LIB. V. 227 litudmcmimitabantur. H- Secundumealocafucrfur�funrpronbsp;currentes.] z^i^itXKTOi � PoSuceuocantur�

fi / � E Nera autem funt fccnarum 'tria, iinum quod dicitur \Jf*Tragicum,akerum!Comicum,tertium�SaiYncum.Honbsp;rum autem ornatusff�nt inter fe di'ntmileSjdifparicp rationc,nbsp;cjuodTragic�fdeformancur columnis,faftigtis,5if�gnis,religt;nbsp;quiscp regalibusrcbus. Cotnic� autem'�dificiorum priua#nbsp;torum,amp;mccnianorum habetfpcciem, perfeftusq;feneftrisnbsp;difpoficos imicatione communium �dificiorum rati�nibus.nbsp;Satyric� ucroiornanturarboribtis,fpeluncis,montibus, rc^nbsp;� liquiscj! agreftibus rebus, in topiarij opcris fpeciem/deformanbsp;tis. In Gr�cor� theatris/non omnia rjfdem rationibus funtnbsp;fadenda,quod primum'in imacircinationc,utin Latino,tri#nbsp;gonorum quatuor, in eolquadratorum trium a nguli circinanbsp;tionis lineam rang�t. Et cuius quadrati latusfeft proximumnbsp;Iccnx, pr�cidircf curuaturamcircinanonis,ea regioneidefi#nbsp;gnatur finitio profcenq, amp; ab ea regione ad extrem am circii?nbsp;C nationem cufuatur�,parallclos linea defignatur, in qua'con^nbsp;ftituitur frons fcen j, per centrumc^ orcheftr� profcenq regi^nbsp;D One,parall�leslineadcfcribitur,amp;quafecatcircinationisligt;nbsp;neas,dextra aefiniftra incornibushemicycli centra def�gnan#nbsp;tur,amp; circino co�ocato in dextra/ab interuallo finiftro circ�gt;nbsp;agitur circinatio'ad profeenq dextram partem. Item centronbsp;collocatoin finiftrocornuiab interuallo dextro circumagigt;nbsp;tur adprofccniifiniftram partem. Ita tribus centrishac deferinbsp;ptione, ampliorem babent orebeftram Gr�ci, amp; icenam re#nbsp;ceiriorem,minorecj; latitudine pulpit� ,quod Xogt;tquot;ov appellant.nbsp;Idcocflapud eosl ragici amp; Comiei adoresin feena pera#nbsp;gunt, reliqui autem artif�cesifuas'per orcheflram praeftantnbsp;* aftioncs.Itacj�lexco�fceniciamp;thymeliciiGr�ccfeparatim nogt;nbsp;minantur .Eiuslogti altitudo non minus debet elfe pedumnbsp;f decem,n�plusduodecim.Gradationcsfcalarumintcrcune�nbsp;ff ii

os amp; Cedes, contra quadratorum angiilos dirigantur ad prifi mampr�cinftioncm, ab ca pr�cindioneiinter cas ircrumnbsp;wedi� dirigantur,amp; ad fummam quoties pr�cinguntur, alnbsp;tero tantO(femperamplif�cantur.�un)hgcomnia,'fummacunbsp;ra folerriacf explicata finr, tune edam diligenrius eft animad^nbsp;uertendu, ud fit elcft.us locus, in quo/lenicer applicet fc uox,nbsp;necgrepulfarefiliens/incertasauribus referai figni�cadoues.nbsp;Loci uofl Suntenim nonnulliiocilnaturaliterimpedi�ntesuoci^monbsp;(emimpes tus,uti4iflbnanres,qui Gr�cc dicuntur xptrKxoi'VTtir: circun(�gt;nbsp;diente!, nan�es, qui apud eos nominantur 7rtf(xo�vT�r.ftem refonantes,nbsp;HUatttor � quidicuntur�vT�xo!'v�'kir;confonantescg, quos appellantrvvMx��nbsp;* Tk�. Diffonantesfunt,inquibusiuoxprima,cumeftelacainnbsp;aldcudinem,offenfa fuperioribus folidis corporibus, repuUnbsp;faejirefiliens in imum ,oppr.imitinfequcdsuocis eladoncm,nbsp;Circumfonantes aytern lunt, in quibus'circumuagando cofnbsp;ada uox(fe foluens in medio/Iineexrremis cafibus fonansjibi �nbsp;cxtinguitur,incerta uerborum fignificaiione. Refonantes ucnbsp;ro, in quibuSjCum in folido tadu percufla/refiliat imaginesnbsp;�xprimendo, nouiflimoscafusiduplicesfaciuntauditu. Item,nbsp;�onfonantes funt,in quibus/ab imis auxiliata/cum incrementnbsp;to feandensjingredicuradauresidiiereta uerborum claritarc�nbsp;Itajf�inloc�r�eledioncffuerit diligens animad�crf�o, ernennnbsp;datuserit prudenria/adudlitatemin theatris.uons cfFedus,nbsp;Formarum aut�def�ripdoncs/inter f� diieriminibus his erutnbsp;notat�,udqu�.exq,uadratisdefignantur, Gr�corum, quaenbsp;cxparibustrfgonorumlatcribus, Ladnorum habeant ufus.nbsp;Itahispr�fcripdonibus/qui uolueritud,emendatas efficiet.nbsp;theatrorum perfediones,

A Generaautemfunt feenar� tria. ] Qu^fequunturdetrilgt;M fcetMrumgcneribu!,uetim fuperioric�pitiitddi, ut/iiinitium o�laiticapinbsp;tii ibi, in Gruecis Theatris. t^amicluteufquei�lucdicuntur, .idRom�nosnbsp;pertinent. At tbi^dccon�rmdtioneThelt;itri Gr^corumiincipittrit�are,nbsp;(irgumento�nondiuer[o,certegentium uari�rum. ^iequetamenuelimnbsp;quenquam exiflimdreid Vitruuiofc^los in capita libres :quin potiuf, qued^nbsp;(Shbs.

f tcliati fumui^perlJetM Cf continUit uf4m di^lione, Eiitt rd/t non �t ^nd argumentum,cert� tritt Itbrinoniprimd capita fidem�ccrepo�unt,nbsp;conftatpartemcffe Procxmij, B InTopiattj opens fpcciem'nbsp;deformatis ] DeTopiarijslib.r.cap.f^dicam, C Parallcloslineanbsp;defig.] Aelt;iuidi�ans,co�quabilif,mutuocumaliacorre/}gt;ond�ns, Dnbsp;Etqu�fecatcircinationislineas.] Scribendumqu� , E Itaquenbsp;cx cofccnici chymelici Gr�cc] ScenicitompkiluntitrComi�nbsp;tos Cf TragicoSfThymelicorumnomineintelligimut Cythar�dos,Cithaanbsp;fiflae,Lyrifilt;u,Cf Tibicine!,atqueidgenutSymphoniacorum� F Eiusnbsp;lociakitudo. ] Non defuntexemplaria,ubtproloci fcrtptumefiloanbsp;geiinetjue�rta/fe abs re;nam logeumiide� ^oyeop^pulpitum �gni�carenbsp;paidoantedixit,Cf apud luliumPoSucem legimut lib, 4.cap. Gnbsp;Sunt enimnonnuUi loci naniralitcr ]nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;fintlociiautdi�bnan�!

ks, aut circumfpnantef,aut refonantef,aut confonantes, horum/maxima tflhabcndaitduocis in Theatrif eff��um ratio ; reli�iutediffirentU'uitio*nbsp;f^funt,.

POST Icenam/pordcus f�ncconftituend�, uti cum imi btes repentini ludos interpeUauerint j habeat p�pulus,nbsp;quoifc rccipiat ex theatro Ch�ragiac^ laxamcntum habcant/nbsp;ad chorum parand�m, uti funt ponicus Pompeian�, itemc^/nbsp;B Athenis)porticus�umcnici,patrisq; Liberiphanum.Et exe^nbsp;unribus e theatrod�hiftrapartc;odeG,quod AthenisiPcriclcs'nbsp;columnis lapideis difpofuft,naui{�qt mails amp;antennis/c fpogt;nbsp;lijsperficis percexit..Idcm autenaetiam incenlum Mithridarigt;nbsp;C CO bcllo,rcx Anobarzanes^refiiruft..Smyrn� ftrategeum.

T rallibusiporticusex utracppartc Ciieftcn� )fupra ftadium, c�tcrisqj ciuitatibiis,qu�/diligentiores-habiicrunt architegt;

13 dos.Circa cheatraffunt ponicus �iamb��adoncs ,qu�uidenquot; turita oporrerccol�o�ari,utidupliccsl�nt,habeanrquecxccgt;nbsp;riores colun?n3s Don�as^um epiftylrjs/3c ornament�s, ex ranbsp;tione modulationis Do nc� periedas.Ladtudines autem cagt;nbsp;tuin'ita oportere tiers uidentjr, utifcjuanta aldtudinc column z

n� fticrit extcriorcsjtantam ladtudinemihabeanr ab fnfen'ort partecokitnnarum extrcmarutn ad medias,amp; a mcdianis/nbsp;adparicrcs,qui�ircumduduntporncusambulattoncs. Megt;nbsp;dian�autcm columnae'quinta parte akiorcs fint,quain exce^nbsp;riores;fed autlonico,autCorinthio genere deformentur.Conbsp;Iiimnaruautcm proportionesamp;fymmetrif,non�runtrjidetnnbsp;rationibus,qiiibusSn �dibusfacrisfcripfi. AiiameniminDenbsp;or urn templis/debent habere grauicatem ,aliamin portidVnbsp;bus,amp; c�teris opcribus fubtilitatem .Icaquefi Dorici generisnbsp;eruntcolumnx, dimetiantur earum altitudinescum capitugt;nbsp;lis.'in partes quindecim,5�exeispartibus unaconftituatur,^^nbsp;fiat modulus;ad cuius moduli rationcmiomnis opcris crit exnbsp;plicatio. Si in imo column�fcraflitudo fiat duorum modulonbsp;rum. Inrercolumniumiquinq^SC moduli dimidia parte. Akigt;nbsp;tudocoluranxjpraeter capitulum, quatuordecim modulo �nbsp;rum.Capituli altitudo,'moduli unius : latirudo'modulorumnbsp;duorum,0i moduli fext� partis, C�teri opeiis modulationnbsp;nes,uti de �dibusfacris in libro quarto fcriptum eft, ita pernnbsp;ficiantur.Sinautem lonicx column� fient,icapus/pr�tcr fpinbsp;ram amp; capirulum,in o Ao partes�c dimidiamldiuidatur,5i cXnbsp;his unafcraflicudini column�detur, Spiracum plinthodiminbsp;diacraflitudineconftituatur. Capituli ratio ita fiat, uti in ternnbsp;lio libro eftdemonftratu. Si Corinthia erit ,fcapusamp; fpira,nbsp;uti in Ionica:capitulum autem, quemadmodum in quarto 1� fnbsp;bro eft fcriptum, ita habeatrationcm iflylobatiscjiadieAio,nbsp;qu��fit per fcamiilos impares,exdelcriptionc, qu�tfupra fcri Hnbsp;pta eftin libro tertio, fumatur. b'piftylia ,coron� ,c�teracVnbsp;omnia,ad columnarum rationem,exfcriptisuoluminum funbsp;periorum/explicentur. Media uero fpacia,qu�/erunt fub dinbsp;uo inter porticus,adornanda uiridibusuidentur, quod hyp�nbsp;thr�ambulationesihabentmagnam falubritatein.Etprimi�nbsp;oculorum,quod ex uiridibusfubtilis amp; extenuatus a�r,pronnbsp;prermotionemcorporisinfluens perlimatfpcciem,amp;ita)aunbsp;ferensexoculishumorem cra(rum,aciem tenuctn,iamp; acutamnbsp;fpeciem Irelinquit. Pr�tcreaicum corpus motionibus in amnnbsp;buiauonecaldcat ,humorc5/ex membris aer exugendo/imnnbsp;minu�

DB ARCHITEC. LIB. V. ij� minuit plenitatcs,extenuatcjdi'flipando,qund plus inert, quanbsp;corpusporcftfurtinerc.Hocautemiita elle ex co licet animad�nbsp;wertere,quod fubteftisicum fint aquarum fontes,autetiamnbsp;Tub tcrraipaluftris abundantia,exhisfnullus furgit humor nc /nbsp;bulofus,fedinapertishyp�thrisc^locis,cumfoloriens/uaponbsp;te tang(rmundum,ex humidisamp; abundantibusiexeitathu^nbsp;J inorcs,Sietiam conglobatos'inakitudinem tollit. Ergo*finbsp;� ita uidctur,un in hypaedirislocis, ab a�reihumoresexcorponbsp;ribus exugantur molefiiores',quemadmodum ex terra'per nenbsp;bulasiiidentur, nonputodubium enc,quinampli(rimasamp;nbsp;ornatifiimasfub diuo hyp�thriscfcollocarioportcatin ciuinbsp;tatibusfambuIationes.E� aufera,uti fint femper ficc�'amp; rtonnbsp;lucofacjfic erit faciendum.Fodiantur Si exinaniantur.quam alnbsp;tiirimc,amp;dcxrra atcj�finirtra/rtrudiles cloacae fiant, inc^ea^nbsp;rumpanetibus,quilad ambulationem fpeAauerint,tubulinbsp;inrtruantur/inclinati fafiigiojin cIoacis.His perfelt;ftis/complegt;nbsp;antur ea loca carbonibus, deinde infuperffabulonceae ambunbsp;lationes fternanrur/amp; cx�quentur,ita/propter carbonum nagt;nbsp;turalcmraritatcm ,amp; tabulorum incloacasinftryAionem,nbsp;excipientur aquarum abundanti3e,amp; italficc�, amp; finchumogt;nbsp;I, re perfed� fuerint ambulationes. Pr�tereafin his operibus'nbsp;thefauri funt ciuitatibus'in ncceflarfis rebus� maioribus connbsp;la ftituti, In conclufionibusenimfreliqui omnesfacilforcs funtnbsp;apparafus,qu3m lignorum. Salenimsfacile antcimportatur,nbsp;frumcnta'publice priuatfmc^'expeditius congerucur,^ fi de�nbsp;fint,ho}erfbus,carne,feuleguminibus'defenditur.Aqujfofittnbsp;risputcorum , amp; de coclo repentinistempeftatibu.s/cx tegulisnbsp;exeipiuntur, De lignarfo ne, qu�,'maxime necefiaria eft ad ci�nbsp;bumexcoqucndum,diflRcilis amp;molcfta eftapparatio, quodnbsp;amp; tarde comportatur,5i plusconfumitur. In eiufmodi tern�nbsp;poribus,runc'e�ambulationes3pernintur,amp; menfurae/tri�nbsp;butim fingulis capitibusdcfignaniur. Iraduas rcsegregias/nbsp;� hypaethrae ambulationes pr�rtant, unam'in pacefalubritatis,nbsp;alterani'inbello faluris.Ergo'hisrationibus, ambulationuninbsp;explicationesi'non folum port feenam thearri,fedctiam omni �nbsp;UniDeorum tcmplis(effed�, magnas ciuitatibus preeftare lt;nbsp;potcrunt

M� VITRVVII POLL� poteruntutilitates. Quoniam h�cia nobis fans uidentur elfenbsp;expof�ta, nuncfinfcquentur balnearutndiipof�cionum-de�nbsp;monftrauones.

A Choragiaquclaxamentumhabcant] Clordgu�gniflc�nt Cr ecs,qui luJoru in�rumcntum fuppcditantfty locumUnde totuminftrUnbsp;mentumpromifur. De ue�ibus quidemTragiciso-Comicisfcribitple^nbsp;fiujifuliuspo�ux, lib.4,cap.is. DeChomgiiuer�iLibdniufinargumen�nbsp;to cirlt;ttionisDemo�henisK.a.Toi/j.ei^'iov,SoltbSfvidument(i 4 Chor�gijSnbsp;afl'umi,qu�lt;ediles!priibenddlocab�nt,utc�^pud'Pliiiutumin Perfd. uer�nbsp;bd eius funt,Sdturio pdrdinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ornamentdf Toxi�us^dbschordgo fti*

mito,ddredebet,prlt;tbendd �dileslocduere, B EtexcunribuscThc atrofihiftraparteOdeum. ] Odeum^tiiimP.omdnibdbuerunt,idnbsp;meminitprlt;eteraliosiAmmidnus lib^ilt;s, Jwro tks wiThs, w^m� Suid�f,nbsp;ide�dcdntudillumJErdtdutem srdddtim, ueluti fiEXT^iiTtov, ide�mi^nbsp;nufculumTbedtr{vm,flru(luilocws^unde^u(tcdcertdmindl^e�idblt;tn^nbsp;tur. Scribittnimfrrdnqui�ut,Neronem^fi�eumcertamen in�ttui�e, D�nbsp;�ifMnHmjfew,�6i7prlt;eter Cythar^edosicertitrent Chori�teo-Pfd�ocy^nbsp;thdri�lt;e,dtiji etidm Odeum excitd�e.EtPlutdrchuilin uitd Periclis du�ofnbsp;e�.retuliffe regij tdberndculiformdmfltdmnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;SMtdlt;tt dit^ in eo cTm�SHf �3�

T^sa^-^ovroi�ii�e, C Rex Ariobarzancs/reftituit Smyrnas Stratageum.] Strdtdgettm,drmamentdri� diet pof uit,ubi reponeren*nbsp;turho�iumJpolid, dut Pretorium, quo milites conuenirent. HermoldUfnbsp;cd�igdtionum Plinij lib-i�.cdp.is.Afdroton cecumiuideturlegi�e, de quonbsp;nosinfi'd/nonnulld. D Qu�uidenturitaoporrere] Porticusdunbsp;pliccs �ppelldt� funt,d duplicicolumndrum ordine.I^dm er GalienusW*nbsp;perdtor, porticum Pldminidm/ufquc dd Pontem WLiluiumpdrduerdt ducenbsp;re,utTetrdfliche�eret,dUteLidmPetttd�ichc(inquitiuliusCdpitolinufiitnbsp;eius uitd')ide�qudtuordutquinqfordinumcolumndrum. E Vti i�nbsp;tertiolibroeftdemonftratum] Cdp.t,Eocert�loci,erexfenteltnbsp;tid no�rdiindicduimut, quomodo de�rtberetur dd circinumitoniaem edpinbsp;tulum,id e�tre�x uolitt� inuoluerentur. Ndm qu� �unt ex Vitruuij pr�quot;nbsp;, fcripto,ni� artificis manu ddiuuentur, hdudfciofdn fuperbo iudicw�nt/inbsp;�ur�flt;(*

'i^urie nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;qu�itquam hdiletiM�slocm habitus e�,ut Delia (quoddi�

citur)hAberet opus nittatore,cr Oedipo coitie(lore;m /�llor, qu^ �fip/t tnus iti fcrip/igt;�uf,ut qu� tradideritpurum cultd Qr d!ffici!id,pro uiribuinbsp;non negligentcr,cr dilucid�tradauerimus, F Quemadmodum innbsp;4.1ibro eftfcriprum] Cdp.i.Nostarnen,utfemeltotdmcolumnatio�nbsp;nis rationem trddcremui,lib .j.in digre�ione no�ra Corinthij capituli rrfnbsp;tionemmdluunusindicare^ G StylobatisqueadieAio, qu�fitnbsp;perfcamillos] Ampliauimus lib,3, cumdiceret�taextequarioporterenbsp;Stylobdtds, utihdberentper medium adie�lionemper fcamillos impares,nbsp;Qidd uero tarn tune[if^icdremur,libet hoc loco (xponere (nam �rtd�ie 1nbsp;nonf�lleti� diuinatione petitum duxilium: quidenim'huiufmodi in rebufnbsp;aliud �cias ? ) ^andern plane ihdbui�e in Stylobatis rdtionem Vitruuium,nbsp;qudmin columnis!putdbamui,Atquiex eiuffententia(perierdtcnimpro�nbsp;miffa de�rmatio ) demon�rdueramus^columnis ueluti uentrem adi/ci, utnbsp;intumefeerent in medio, capitibus fummo atq; imo'contrailii cy diminu�nbsp;tK,ltaq;�cumintelligereniUiAthenis�tirbeGrteci�Uetit�i�imd, etiamho�nbsp;die ofiendt stylobatofidd ba�s Plinthilatitudinem non rej�ondentes, (iqutenbsp;alioquin�rma e� pulcherrima, amp; Romanis perpetuo uf irpdta ) fednbsp;contrados; extfiimabamus�rcecorum confuetudineper fcami�os impa�nbsp;fesjide�/ceugradibus quibufdam,fieriddieilioncm inmedijs�ylobatis,nbsp;hoc e�, �eri, ut gradatim� fupremis atq^ in�mis partibus quadratorum,nbsp;'qu^taronicibus fuis Ba�bus clauduntur, medium uerftsfibturgerentnbsp;amp; adaugerentur. idicum non fatis�ceret, c�pimus amp; i�nd expende�nbsp;��c. Initi� stylobatam �i�ei�atim 4 �ndamentorum fub�rudione'ue�nbsp;lutiperpetuum parietem,quijcolumnarum bafes exciperet. Eius f tperio^nbsp;��fi� partemicoronice,in�riorem^d�,reliqu� medio �acio/dd libe�am exnbsp;^qudto ornari folitam,Eo modo cum e�et, dlueolatumuifum�i�e,parinbsp;�ilicetpr�ter circumcurrentes partes perpendiculo idiquifequutifuntinbsp;^gt;*1� uitare ueHentidd �iirariim perpendiculum quiequid reperiebatur,l^ttnbsp;^io quod cum intercolumnio conueniebdt fud retida/�ecie, e�iciebantiutnbsp;^^�liret,fcd nufquam magis aut minus, quam ut ad amplitudinem Plinthi/nbsp;ha�s prater f 'aas proieduras re/ponderet,^- interfepti �ue plutei partesnbsp;(-ita entm uoco/quod ex �ylobata non re�lit) cum proie�t partibits,id e^nbsp;'oronix cum coronice,medium exiequatum cum ex�quato medio,c^ ha�t

cum bifi confcntirent. Huiufmodi refilientes �ylobdtof C t^uos^nifi f��of fcamitlos Vitruuiui uoclt;it,/iU�fcdbcllos,Mt fcdmnulos,ut aliqui codices hdnbsp;bent,imp dr es dutem, quod inter flylobatijs ,ide� interfrptis^ perpendicuonbsp;lo non rejjionderent) cum mdgis dd rdtiones podiorumiunde^eddri fole^nbsp;at,pertinere drbitrdrentur,dut quando fine dpertionibus, id e� fine podio,nbsp;frontes uel Idterd ledificiorum�unt, er columnee itd pdrieti ddhterent, utnbsp;tdntumpdrs quotdprominedt(quod diximm hutui liKcdp, i. cMwdep4*nbsp;rd�dtts loqueremur)ubi itiones hdbere ueUent expeditiores,tdntum �x il^nbsp;lo perpetuo pdriete^'cb bd�bui reliquerunt, dmotis interfeptis, qudntuntnbsp;ip�s excipicndis fdtis ejjet-vt �nt omnino generd �ylobdtdrum duo,per�nbsp;petuumiet expeditum.tlludidut uno eodernq^ dudu percurrit,dut re�lit dinbsp;�iirdrumperpendiculum.rie expcdito^dixi bb.i. ubi�ngulor urn gene*nbsp;rum trddo rdtiones. Po�erioris notirafententiitmuemuindices Anto*nbsp;' nium GT Bdptifldm Sdngd�os,drchiledos in�gnes, ut minus me eoniedu^nbsp;ricpcenitedt-Quod dd rem �tnbsp;cidt, ex antiquonbsp;rummonumen*nbsp;ftsuliud conijeenbsp;re non potui-Hnbsp;Qux fupranbsp;fcn'pta eft innbsp;libj},] Dixi�nbsp;museiuslibric�nbsp;pite tertio, Scd*nbsp;miUorum de�rnbsp;mdtionem/pro*

mittiquidem d Vitruuio, fednefcio quo mdlo �to,dd nos non perueni�e. 1 Subdtuo bypxtrifciue.JPiuntenimCt- hypoge� dmbuldtioneSfnbsp;ut loqudr cum Ege�ppo,cr Petronio Arbitra ,idc� fubterrdncic, qaibufnbsp;non funt db�miles Cryptcporticus,undtqi fcilicet pdrietibiis tedlt;e.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;K

Et dextra arquefiniftra/ftrucftileseJoae�fiant. ] Clodcdmio* cum c�econcduum,per quemlcoUuuies quxddmfludt,eiusq; dppettdtione inbsp;tubes crfi�uldiS contincri,Au{tor e� Vlpiditus Pctnded.lib. 41. de clod*

cfc. L Pr�terea in his operjbusthefaurifunt] Thcfaurimt tuiufcum^ rei eff�cofgt;iain,quiSexti Pompei legeritfrdgmcntajgnornrenbsp;niintmepotefi, M. In conclufionibus.] Eonomine!inteBigiturlgt;i*nbsp;Wnob�diones. N Vnamiin pace falubritatiSjalceramin bei�nbsp;lo falutis. ] S�lubritdtii,quid ambulatione cr motione corporii,humoenbsp;Tuni plenitudmes moleftioresexiguntur.Saltitis,quid exhyp�thrii(tn qui'nbsp;buf {irboresliterMtcon�tie)mconclufionibuiXitduntur ligitit,quoruntinbsp;difficilii ent appuratto.

A RImumleligendiis locus eft quam calidift�mus, id eft, � auerfus a Septencrione et Aquilone.Ipfa autem caldarianbsp;tepidariac^dumen habeant ab occidentehyberno.Sin autemnbsp;natura loci impedieritjUticj! a meridie, quod maximejtemgt;nbsp;pus lauandia meridiano ad uefperum eft coftiturum : amp;. itemnbsp;eft animaduertendum, uti caldaria inuliebria/uiriliacjicon#nbsp;iunfta,Si in rjfdem regionibus fint collocata. Sic enim efficiegt;nbsp;C tur,urin uafariaicx hypocaufto/communis fitufuscorumnbsp;utrisc^.Ahena/lupra hypocauftum triafuntc�ponenda,un��nbsp;caldarium, alterum/tcpidarium, tertiumifrigidaritim : amp;itanbsp;collocanda,uti ex tepidario/in caldarium,quantum aqu� calnbsp;dj exicrit,influ�t.Defrigidario in tepidarium/adeundem monbsp;D durn,teftudinesc^alueorum/ex communi hypocauficalefagt;nbsp;cientur, Sufpcnfur�caldariorum'itafuntfacicnd�,utiprigt;nbsp;mum/fefquipcdalibus tegulis folum fternatur/inclinatum adnbsp;hypocaufim,uti pila cum mittatur, non poftit intro refiftcre,nbsp;fed rurfus redcat/ad pr�furni5,ipfa perfe ita flamma/faciliusnbsp;P peruagabiturfubfufpenfione;fupraq;Iaterculisbcnalibuspinbsp;i� ftruanturitadifpofitaCjUti bipedales tcgul�/poffintfupranbsp;eflecollocat�. Altitudincm autcm/pil�liabeantpcdum duonbsp;rum,c3ecp ftruantur argilla/cum capillo fubalt;fta,fupracj colgt;nbsp;locenturtegulxbipedales,qusc/fuftineantpauimcntum.C3nbsp;camerationcsuerOjficx ftrtidura fa�ft3e,fucrint,eruntutiliogt;nbsp;res. Sin autScontignationes fuerint, figlinum opus fubrjeia#nbsp;eg n

tur.SedhocXtacritf�cicndum.ReguIaeferreae/autarcusfianf,, c�cf/uncinis ferreis ad.contignationem fufpendantiir quamnbsp;crcberrimis^c�c^ regul� f�uearcus.itadifponantur,uttegugt;nbsp;lae/finemarginibus/lcdercinduabusinuehfc^poffinfjamp;Katonbsp;' f�concamerationes inferronitentes/f�ntperfcA�,earutncgnbsp;�aiperarum fuperiora coagmenta/ex argilla cucapillofub#nbsp;ada.

DE �RCHITEC. lib. ' v, 237 , afta lim'antiir.Inferior autem pars, qii�ad pain�mentum Ipcnbsp;ftat,primum/tefta cum cake trulliflctur : deindc/opcre alba�nbsp;rio fine tcdorio poliatiir,e3cc� camer�d�n caldarrjs fi duplkcsnbsp;faft� fuerint,meliorem habebunt ufum.Non enim a uaporc !nbsp;humor corruinpere potent materiem condgnationis,fed in�nbsp;terduas camerasdiagabitur. Magnitudinesauccbalnearum/nbsp;uidentiir fieri pro copia hominum. Sint autem itacompofi�nbsp;t�.Quantalongitudo fuerit,tertta demptailatitud�o fit, prae�nbsp;ter fcholam Iabri,amp; aluei. Labru utic�ifub lumine f�dendunanbsp;uidetur,ncftantescircum,fuisumbrisobfcurentIucc.Scho�nbsp;, las autem labrorum lita. fieri oportet fpatiofas, ut cum prio�nbsp;fes(occupauerint Ioca ,circum fpeftantesreliquilreAe ftarenbsp;pofiint .Aluei autem latitudo inter parietem amp; pluteum, nenbsp;minus fit pedes fenos,ut gradus inferior inde auferat amp; puluinbsp;K nus!duospedes.Laconicum,fudationescgfuntconiungend�nbsp;tepidario,e�cj)quam l�t�fuerint,tantamaltitudinemhabe�nbsp;ant ad imam curuatur� hemifpher�j, mediumcg lumen in he�nbsp;mifpherio relinquatur,cx eocjclypeum seneum catenis pen�nbsp;deat,per cuius reduftiones �i demilfionesperficietur fudationbsp;nis temperatura, ipfumcj'ad circinum fieri oportere uidetur,nbsp;ut �qualiter a medio, flamm�fuapon�scj uis per curuatur�nbsp;totundationes peruagetur t

A Primumeligendus locus eft quam calidiflj'mus.] Fcn� ^iiicquid hic de bulneis fcri[gt;tum e�', PdUadiusinlilirifui primi cdput 40�nbsp;tfdn�ulit.De eiitJ nominii deriudtionei/j qufsrequirdt,uidendui E-tymelo

Suidds. Sed illud pratereundum nott e�,^tiod trddit Spdrtidtua in Adridno,neminem nifi�grum;ldudri in publico pd�umidnte hordtn o�d�nbsp;. lAdrtidlK ce�t� libro 'Epig'rdmmdton4. pdleflrlt;e nomme,hordm o�nbsp;^�ud/nilotioni dferipfit. Epigrdmmd,�iuonidmeflpulcherrimum,uifMn.nbsp;^[ttiiungere,e� uer� dd Euphemunt,

Sufficit in nonciminitidii o�Ma pMie�rK, impernt/cxtru�osfrMgere nona thoros^nbsp;Hora ItbcBorumidecima eil Eupheme meortem�nbsp;Temperatambroltasfum tua cura dapef.nbsp;Et bonuixtherio laxaturneiiare Cxfar:nbsp;Mgenti^ tenet pocula/parca manu.nbsp;Tune admitteiocos,greJJ'u timetire licentienbsp;Ad matutinum noflra Thalia touem.

B Ipfaautcmcaldariatepidariaquc.] HicproceHifaccipiun* tur,moxiprouifis. C fc'xhypocaufto.] paulopo�ihypocau�muo*nbsp;cat,id efl�rnaculamiin qua ignis fuccendttur,unde aqua calefit. Papiniutnbsp;fyluarum lib.i. Tenuem uoluunt hypocaufla uaporem.

Cicero ad Quint.fiatrem,udporariumdppellat. Hypocauflimentionent fitett vlpianus Fandet^.lib.i-r.mandauifirnacatorem. inPapiniano Pd�nbsp;deft lib.ts.de�ndo infir.interpretorfcruumgt;quiin balneocuramhabetnbsp;fuccendendiignis. D Excommunihypocauficakfacicntur.]nbsp;Procalefiantdi�um,utlib,4.cap-7.concdlefiiciantur. E Rurfusredenbsp;at ad pr�furnium. ] Prx�rntum/os c� hypocauHi, quo nominenbsp;utitur Cato, cap- �s. F LarerculisbcfTalibus. ] Ofto unciarum,nbsp;id eR^po�icivm. Pes enimin duodecim uncias, id e^l, poUices diuiditur�nbsp;pedifnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;� pesidiuiditur tn palmos quatuor . Palmus xonftdt

r quatuor digitis ifiue polhcibus tribus. Digitus tarn latus eil, quam funt * *nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;lataiquatuorordeigrana, tiendof� citatur ifidorus� glo�emattcis luri�

conf.ut dicat,pedem conflaredigitis.is.[cribendumenim.is. Animaduef tendum efi.antiquospedempro affe �ue pondo habui�e, quid in duode�nbsp;cimxquas partesdiuideretur^ndeColumella lib.6. cap. i3.dupondiuntnbsp;dixitipro duobus pedibus.e:!r hb.de arbor Aus cap.lO. ^b ipfo�tnquiQar*

� boris crurepedale ffiacium intermUtito, deindef dcu in quatuor pedes loH gum^intressaltumiindupondiwmzyfemiffimcumf�ceriSjCrc- G �e^nbsp;indeoperealbario.] Hoc)�rp�rlt;lt;cd/ce. H Siuetctftorio ] Te�nbsp;'' �loriumlcomplc�iturdrcnaium,idel�mortarium,zymarmoratum. Inbsp;Pr �ter fcholam labrf, ] Schola,Hermolao:pars efi labri,�uc folij autnbsp;aluci,id e�. �ffx lapidex balnearum,ubi pofieriores.occupato d prior Autnbsp;l4bro,prxfiolabantur,Qr ffieilantcs flabant ; alijs magis placet,portie uns

fffccircumldbrum. K Laconicumfudationesque, 3 Lrfcomcw fuderem txcdlore/icco elici,duilore�CorneliufCcl�(fltb.i. cap.is^nbsp;Vndc iUud Columelbe in Proamio lib. i. Qwtididndnt cruditdlcmidconi*nbsp;tit excoqitimtK,Gr cxudofudordfitim quterimm, Erdntduteinuelutiturnbsp;ficula/cdmerdtie in hemi/^h�rium. Qtt� locdfignificdt,cum dit,fuddtio�nbsp;t^ts^d^Senccdin epiftolisfuddtorid uocdt. CorndittsCdfut hb. j.cdp ir�nbsp;dicitdffds fuddtiones,dd diffvrentidtn edrum,qu�fitint bdlneit-Apud Dionbsp;ftemhb.fi.legimui^Ldcontcum did, quod Ldcediemonijhuiufmodi fuddtonbsp;fqs/cruditdtemcoquerent, L Mediumlt;�lumeninhemifph�rionbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;_

reJinquatur.] Hemi�gt;hferiumidtefludtncdif)irt ,qu�dh�cexduobiit arcubuiin crucem fe in centrofecdntibutcon�dreuid�tur;tllud dutcmiphtnbsp;ne�htricum eS� orbiculdtum efl.

NVNCmjhiuidetur(ramctnnon f�ntltalicxconfuctudi nis)paleftrar(i fdificationestradcrciexplicatc, amp; qucm^nbsp;** admodum'apud Gr�cos confticuantuMmoriftrarc. Conftitunbsp;untur autemjin tribus portieibiis excdr� ipatiof�, liabcntesnbsp;fedeSjin quibusiPhi'lofophi,Rhetores,reliquiq! qui ftudijs degt;nbsp;�e(ftantur,fcdcntes/difputarc poff�nt. In palcftrisiperiftylianbsp;^uadratafiucoblongaita funr facienda, uti duorum ftadio#nbsp;� ��umhabeantambulationis circiiitioneni, quod Gr�ci iio#nbsp;cantlt;/li():i/Xiiv, exquibuSi'trcs porticus f�mplicesdifponantur,nbsp;Quarracj!,qu�iad meridianas regiones eft conuerfa, duplex,nbsp;^ticum tempeftatesuentof� funt,non pofl�tafpergo/in inte�;nbsp;��iorcm partem peruenire.In duplici autem porticu)collocengt;nbsp;turh�c membra.�ph�bciim/in medio (hoc autem/eft exgt;nbsp;edra amplid�ma cum fedibus ,qu�(tertia parte longforf�tnbsp;quantIata)l�bdexcro/corficeum,deinde proxiinetonnifteri �nbsp;^ni,aeonnifterio/iniT.icrfura porticus/frigida lauatio,quam

G xime autem cl�othefium,frigidai iuin, ab eoque/ifer in progt; pnigeum in uerfura porcicus,proxiii)e autem infrorfns e regt;nbsp;�ionefrigidarijtolloccturconcamcratafudatio,longicudine'nbsp;duplex.

140 M. VITRVVII POLL. dufgt;lex,qiiam laatudinc, quae habeat in nerfuriacx una par^nbsp;te laconicum ad eundem modum(uti fupra fcriptu eft ) comgt;nbsp;pofitum.Exaduerfo lacoti�ci,caldam lauationem.In palcftr�;nbsp;perifty lia (. quemadm�dum fupra fcriptum cft)ita debent cficnbsp;pcrfeftediftributa.Extra autem/difponantur porticus tres,nbsp;unaexpcriftylioexeuntibus, duae dextra arcp�niftra ftadiagt; �nbsp;t�. Ex quibus una,qu� fpeftaucrit ad feptcntrioncm, pcrfi^nbsp;ciatur duplex lampliffimalatitudine : altera fimplexita fafta,nbsp;uti in partibus, qu� fuerint circa parietes,amp; qu� erunt ad conbsp;lumnas,margincshabeantuti femitas, non minus pedum denbsp;num,mediumcj excauatum , uti gradus bini fint in defcenfunbsp;fefquipcdali/a marginibus ad planiciem.Qux planiciesfit ncnbsp;minus lata/pedum duodecim. Ita (quiueftiti ambulauerintnbsp;circumin marginibus,non impedicnturabcundisicex�r#nbsp;centibus. H�c autem porticus proV apud Gr�cos uocitatur,nbsp;quod Athlet�/per hyberna tempora �nteftis ftadijs exercent Inbsp;tur.Faciunda autem xyfta fie uidentur,ut fint inter duas por^nbsp;ticusfylu�, aut platahones, amp;inbisperficiantur inter arboi^ quot;nbsp;res'ambulationcsjibicj'ex opere fignino'ftationes. Proximenbsp;autem xyftumiS� duplicem porticunrijdcfignenturhypacthrae .nbsp;ambulationes,quas Gr�ci/7rt��/l�ogt;lt;A�^^, noftri'xyftaappellant, Vnbsp;in quasfper hycm?,!exxyfto/fereno cOelo athlet� prodeuntes,nbsp;exercentur.Poftxyfium aut2/ftadium,itafigurat�,utpo(rintnbsp;h�minum copi�/cum laxamentoiathletascertantesfpcftarc,nbsp;Qu� in m�nibus'neceffaria uidebantur efie , ut apte difpo^nbsp;nantur, perfcripfi.

A Conftifuuntur autem intribus porticibusHexedr�.] Hexedra^ lediumjreiiuentiddi�lttefl. Eius �guritmrc�runtiqu^einCa*nbsp;nobijsuoe�tur capitula. 'S QuodGrp:iuocantJ'/auXov,]DM�ioXnbsp;dicunt curriculum, ftue j�aciumita conflru�ivm, utcutn cur for es ad �a^nbsp;dij metam peruenilfent'flexo curfutper uerfuram redirent unde effent di^nbsp;gre�i. Alioqui Diaulos Ueronilhabet in longitudin�pedes mi�e ducentof.nbsp;Stadium uer�/fexcentos, Certeibocloco Vitruuiitt �T/ccuAov dicit^quodnbsp;duorufit

DE ARCHlTEC. LIB. V. 141 iuorivm�ddiorumambulAtionishiibeatcircuitionetu. C Ephaebcumnbsp;fnmcdio.] UddppelldturloctKiubipuberescxercebdntur, quosiCenfotnbsp;finuilib,dediendtali,uulteffedecimofextoietiitiiMno. D Subdc�nbsp;Xtr o corn'ceirm. ] Lego dut Coriceum,pro loco/ubi puell� exerceban�nbsp;tur, dut Couriceumpro tonfirimt^ EDeindeproximoconnifien�nbsp;um. ] Scribo conni�erium dx.ov/5, ubipuluere po� unfiionemilufldturinbsp;^)igt;ergebdntur,ut pritben�ones effent firmioreslet non lubricte.UicoldUtnbsp;tatn� Pcrottti, uir alioquin de lingua Idtina no i�dle meritus,pro Apodytenbsp;rio acccpit,id e�,ce�a in bdlneis,ubi lottiriue�es deponebdnt,pdrum pronbsp;Jficiens.Hoc utuntur Varro lib.t.dere ru�icd,Cicero CfPHniufin Epi*nbsp;fiolis, F AdfiniftramEph�beiEI�othef�ufn.] Locufttbice�nbsp;romdte,id e�ceratookoiper�indebdntur, lt;iudnquamelieodeu�umipotiutnbsp;dicendum uidetur.^evo enimrigofigni�cat. Ceroma idpudPlinium lib�nbsp;t;,cap.i. pro conni�erio elteolhe�o interprlt;etdntur i alijipro loco ubinbsp;Athleth exercebdntur, Vtebdntur oleo er in bdlneis, item�rigilibui,detnbsp;di�ringendiim detergendumuefudorem.Artemidorui lib�e Somnioruntnbsp;Tnterpretdtioneprimo.cdp.6s, (ubi de balneif multd ) Lecythunitrdditnbsp;uocdri,inlt;fuo,�oktim, Xy�rophyldcem�n ^uo/�rigik$ ddferitdrentur�nbsp;Strigmentd d�temfuntfordesgymnd�orum,hoce�, qiMx un�oru Athnbsp;letdrumcorporibuilrdduntur. y2.olous,st�yla^/ji.aTlt;xey fU7ff�Jttoanbsp;Cant. Ndm fordern in pale�ru dcceptdm 'Tc�.Top dki,trddit libro�mpli*nbsp;cium medicamentorum odduo Gdknui. Strigmentorum gymnd�oriMt �nbsp;mentio e� idpud Plinium lib.if,cdp.4.Deeiser balnedrumifcribit Dio�nbsp;fcorides lib,t.cdp.i8.A Pltnio libro i4.cdp.sint id quoif} ddddm) diciturnbsp;Apoxyomenos Perixyomenos, qui fe dt�ringit ,fed hieundiq;. (3nbsp;f^ropnigeuminucrCura.porcicus. ] tdefl,fu^ocdtoriumidutpr�nbsp;�trnium. H Du�idextraatqucfiniftraftad�ar�. ] PorticUtnbsp;fiddidte did� funt,qu�d in i�iceu tedis�ddijs per hyemem,ccelo non fere quot;nbsp;�0, Athlet� exercerentur,dut ffedantibui hominuin copijscertdrent, 1nbsp;QuodAthlet�perhybernatemporaintedis ] Stddiumprie*

gt;� uulgdtdm�gni�cdtionemufurpdnt audores pro curricula, id e� loco/ Tdgt;i curfbres dut Athleth exercentur,in qua �gnifiedtione (quant um iudi*nbsp;^Tgt;)dccipiturdb Aphthonioin deferiptione dreis Alexandrite, EiutScho*nbsp;^lt;��e5proTbedtrointcrpretdtur, K Autplatanones,] LocipldMnbsp;hb

Ui M. VITRVVII POLL. tanis confttk ^efirt Plinitu lib.u-cap. i. PirfMno� Athenif f�ilfecelebrtienbsp;tiu'in ambuldtione AcaJcmiie. No�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;non�ne uoluptate uidimuf Ro

tnlt;e:'inuiiiedCardin. SaluiMi,er (tlijslow, L Noftrixyftaappel* lant-] Xylii� er Xyftumicum apud Gr�cos idemfignificent, apud La*nbsp;tinosHonnihilhabcnt di/criminis; nam Xylio�/uocant porticut tcilths, ubinbsp;Athlet^ per hyemem exereebantur; Xylia autem/fubdiales ambulationes^nbsp;ubifudo ccelo/uoi exercebant pale�rat. Tertullianus lib. ad martyres,nbsp;Xy�archenuocateutn,lt;jui xy�oprise�;.

DE PORTVBVS, ET STRVCTVRIS IN dg�(t �etendis CAP. X H.

E oportunitate autem portu�/non efipr�tcrmittendu, fedquibusranonibustueantiir nauesinhis tempeftajs

tibuSjCxplicandum.Hi aiitemfnaturaliterfifintpofiti, habc� antc� acroteria fiuepromontoriaprocurrentia,exquibusinnbsp;trorfus ciiruatur� fiuc uerfur�/ex loci natura fuerint confornbsp;mat�^maximas utilit�res uidencur habere. CircS enim porti Bnbsp;cus,Gue naualia funt facienda,fiue ex porticibus aditus ad cm Cnbsp;poria,turresc�ex utraej parte collocanda:, exquibusicatenxnbsp;tradudper machinas polTint. Sin autem non naturalem logt;nbsp;cum,necjidoneum(adtuendas ab tempeftatibusnauesha^nbsp;buerimusjica uidetur elTe faciendum, uti fi nullum flu men innbsp;bislocis impedieritjled erit ex una parte/ftatio, tunc�x altera Dnbsp;parte,'ftrufturisflue aggeribus expediantur progrefluSj�iita �nbsp;conformandae portuum concluflones. E� autem ftrudurae,nbsp;qu� in aqua funt futur�,uidentur fle efle faciendaCjUti porternbsp;tur puluis/a regio nibus,qu� funt a Cumistontinuat� ad pronbsp;montorium �lineruae,isc^ mifccatur/uti in mortario/duo adnbsp;unum refpondeant : deindc/tunc in eo loco, qiiideflnitus erit,nbsp;arc�'ftipitibus robufi:eisamp; catenis inclufgtfn aquam demitten Snbsp;d�jdcftinand�cj�firmiter. Deindefintereasextranftillisfinfonbsp;riorparsfubaquaex�qiianda/amp; purganda,amp; cementisexnbsp;mortario materia mixta (quemadmodu fupra feriptumeft)nbsp;gt;bicongcrendum,donicum compleaturftruftur� fpacium, Knbsp;quodfuerit inter areas,Hocautemmunus naturaleihabentnbsp;ealoca,

Caloca, qu� fupra fcripta funt, Sin autem propter fludus auc impetus aperti pelagi,de(tinat� arc�.'non potuerint con^nbsp;1, tinerijtunc/abipfa terra fiuecrepidinc/puluinusquam firmifgt;nbsp;fimcftruatur.Iscf piiluinusfcx�quataftruatur planiciettiinusnbsp;quamdimidi�partis:rcliquum,quodcftproximelittus,pronbsp;clinatum latus habeat.Deinde�dipfam aquamSilatera,pulnbsp;uinocirciter fefquipedalesmargines ftruantur/�quilibrescinbsp;planici�jqu� fupra fcripta eft. T unci proclinatio ca/impleagt;nbsp;tur arena,amp;ex�quetur cum margine/in planitia puluini. Denbsp;inde infupcr/cam ex�quationem pila quam magna'conftitu#nbsp;ta fuerit,ibi ftruatur,eac^ c� crit extrufta,rclinquatur ne migt;nbsp;nus quam duos menfes,ut f�ccefcat, Tune autemruccidaturnbsp;marge, qu� fuftinetarenam.Ita arena fluftibusfubruta/effii?nbsp;ciet in marc^il� pr�cipitationem.Hacrationerquotiefcun^nbsp;que opus fucrit,inaquam poterie elfe progreffus . In qui�nbsp;busautem locis^uluis non nafeitur, his rationibus eritfacigt;nbsp;0 cndum,uti arc�duplicesVclaris tabulisS�cateniscolligat�,nbsp;in eo loco,qui finitus erit,conftituantur, amp; inter deftinatas/crcnbsp;P tatbcronibusexuluapakiftrifaftisicalcetur. Cumitabencnbsp;calcatum;amp;quam denfiffimcfuerit,tunccochleis, r�tis, tym#nbsp;panis collocatis,locusqui in ea feptione finitus fuerit, exina^nbsp;niatur^�cccturque, SiibiXnter feptionesfundamcntafodian�nbsp;tur. Si terrena erunt, ufc� ad folidumtrafiiora quam murus,nbsp;qui fupra futurus crit,exinaniatur,ficceturcp,amp; tune ftruAu^nbsp;ra ex cementis, calcc arena,complearur, Sin autem mollisnbsp;locus crit, palis uftulatis alneis, aut oleagineis, aut robufteisnbsp;configatur. Sicarbonibuscompleaturtquemadmoduminnbsp;theatrorum Si m�ri fundationibuseftferiptum. Deinde tunenbsp;quadrato faxo murus ducatur/iuncfturis quam longiflimis,nbsp;titi maxime medrj lapides coagmentis c�tineantur. T unc*quinbsp;S locuseritintermur�,ruderafionef�ueftruAurac�plcatur.�tanbsp;T erit/ijtipofi�tturrisinfupcr�dificari.His pcrfedis/nau�liorunbsp;ca cric ratio , ut conftituantur fpeftantia maxime adfepten^nbsp;V trionemtnam meridian�regionespropter �ftus,cariem, tigt;nbsp;neam,teredines,reliqualt;� beftiarum nocentium generajpro^nbsp;X creanqalendocteconferuant, eaej �dificia/minime funt mate#nbsp;hh ij

rianda,propter incendia� Demagnicudinibus autemfinitio nulla debet efl�jfed faciiinda'ad maximum nauium modum,nbsp;uti amp;fi maiores naues fubdud� fuerint, habeant cum laxagt;nbsp;mentoiibi collocations �Que necefiaria ad utilitatem in ciui^nbsp;tatibus publicorum locorG fuccurrere mihi potuerGt, quemnbsp;admodum c�ftituanturamp;: perf�ciantur,in hoc uoluminefcrii;nbsp;pfi.Priuatorum autem aedtficiorum utilitates,�C eorum iymnbsp;metrias^infequenti uolumine ratiocinabor�

A De opportunitate portuum'non eftpr�termittendum.] Portui,e� loctu conclufut, quo portantur merces, ZSquot; inde exportuntur,nbsp;au^loreVlpiitno.PMde�. lib.fo. deuerbisz^rerum�gnificationibiMtnbsp;CothontineMrdliter,ZT Cothones!mAfculinogenere,dici artificiales por�nbsp;tUf,lt;(u�oreflScruiiitAeneidJib,t, B Circumenimporticusfi��nbsp;ue naualia funt facienda.] NdUetlia inte�ig� locA,ubi conl�ruuntur ndnbsp;ues,dut fubduihe quaff�tieueinftdurMturiZT adferuantur. Quorum rd*nbsp;tionemtrdditinfinehuiuicdpitii, C Siueexporticibus,aditusadnbsp;emporia�] Quiddm codices{�ro porticibUjShabentportubus t Empo*nbsp;rid uerofunt loca,ubimerces uenduntur.vndefcribit dd�nemltb.i. M.ernbsp;curio^util�die^rSerdpijinemporiotedemcotj/lituenddm- D Sederitnbsp;cxunapartcftatio.] StdtionemVlpidnusPdnde�Jib-4.i�de�umittinbsp;bus,interpretdturlocum,ubitut�ndHesfliircpoffunt., E Expedian�nbsp;tur progreffus. ] ProgreJJus dppeUdtldggeriwt tUdm continuAtdmfe*nbsp;riem,qudmnosldbeldtdterrdjleUdtdmdi(imus. F Vtiporteturpul�nbsp;uisa regionibus ] HicuocdturPuteoldnus,dequolib,caps. Soli*nbsp;ddturdutemdquis,ueltefteSidonioApollindri inPanegyrico. g V�nbsp;inmortarioduoad unum refpondeant-] VSortariiMnhicnonnbsp;fignificdt drendtum,fed locum,ubi rutro fubigimus calcemicr buiufmodigt;nbsp;Ud dutem mifcelutilur puluis ztr cdlx,ut lUeud hancproportione dupld renbsp;f�ondeat, H Arc�ftipitibusrobufteisamp;catenisincIuf�lJdnbsp;genus dqudrij fepti,uulgus uocatfdtara�ds. Pigunturexcaudtd zy fulcd*nbsp;ta��unmo ad unum tignd, pari inter fe J�acio. vbi obfirmata funt,tamnbsp;longe,quam magnum e� inter uaUumjzyaliquanto plus, fed prorattonenbsp;fCrdffie compardtue tabule indKitlKr m ��01�� clt;�ilt;t{tJiw, ut ad infi*nbsp;maSi

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. V. 24^ tUM uji^ partes defcenddnt,induntur alia fuper cd�sluti iene cohiereanttnbsp;duw ad earn altitudinem fepttmi eredtim fit,iju� erit neccjf�riatpo� hau�nbsp;�orijsmdchinisJnclufiifeptodtlM'exiniinitur^ I Deinde inter easnbsp;txtranftillis.] Tigillis,alferilgt;us, K DonicGcompIeaturftru�nbsp;^urxfpacium.] Prodotiec,utldgt;,}.crli^�9� L Tuncabipfanbsp;terra finecrepidine.] ide� dfumniolitore^quodfludibiueliditurieynbsp;dUuitur, H, Puluinusquamfirmiffimeftruatur. jFKntitiwe��nbsp;turn �dumciemcntisiiut iiretM-Al�spuluinuin,Seruitulib.io,Aenei,ait,nbsp;ri ttdutisuocdridurioremlt;irencim,q^ult;egt;remecintibtu fludibuscreuntibuinbsp;denfdtur,cr in modttm fdxi durefcit.Beroaldo pUcet/nollioretn e�e dre�nbsp;ttdm.Bt puluinos fcribit ijtdorusliba^^ejje mdchinas^quibusinduesinpornbsp;tumdeducuntWidut fubducuntur. Vnde ittud PldutiinCd�ind, utfubduanbsp;cdm nduimdn puluindrium,lt;juod tdmen,non d�funt uiri dodi^ui d pului�nbsp;nodrenddiduputent^ N Marginesftruantur �quilibreseiplanbsp;tiici�.] Pdrilibrdmentoudreguldmcoiequdtie^ O Relatistabulis.]nbsp;Commi�is^ut in Ortho�rdtts fieri diximus iit.i. P M eronibu s ex ul�nbsp;�apaluftrifaftis,] AlidsPerombus,ideflfdccis,ufdpudPlin-libaff�nbsp;��fp.id� Q_Tunccochleis,rotis,tympaniscollocatisj Hdu�nbsp;�ori�funirotie,delt;iuibuilibroio^cdp.,^. R Quemadmoduminnbsp;Theatrorum amp; muri ] De m�ris dixit lib.t.cdp.j^De Theatro librinbsp;huiusedp.j.Q�dnqudmeorum�indiUionesuuItpetiexlibro t.cdp.t. Snbsp;Ruderationefiueftruc�uracompleatur.] Deruderdtioneinte�nbsp;Sfiime�cdp�tdib.7^ T Hisperfeftishaualiorumeaeritratio.]nbsp;t^ondudlium,muldtddeclindtione4 V Tineam,teredines.] Sepanbsp;fduit Tinedmid Teredine,ut Plinius lib.ts,cdp,4t,^ui fcribit Teredinem/nbsp;i� mdrifentiri,terr(fif^^i^J� Tineas, ld dnte eum dixerdt Theophra�usnbsp;fib.de Hifioridpldntdrum s,tnfuper,e�e Teredinemjeorporepdrudmjednbsp;pite mdgno er dentibustTineas ueroi�mdcs uermiculisi quibusipduldtimnbsp;ntdteries per�rdtur.Libro cdp.^.termitem uocduit.P�et Thripsilignanbsp;Husuermiculus^hoc e�,c[uiligndrodu,�cut Ips'cornud er uites, Cii�uquot;nbsp;tnentd,IAidds�bdm,Jx'uitrum,Sisiie�es,AudorePhocioneGrdmmdticonbsp;WLexica. X Minimefuntmatcrianda. ] LignotxtrKcnd�rfwo�nbsp;flint, imoiomnino d ciuium domibus,propter incendid,fmt ndUdlid femoenbsp;fiendd,drecndd^,uteius^uo^reii}os kdorem monemmus,

uideo iftatitntj in oppidum Rhodum c�tendit amp;C reAa-ioyta na�um deuenit,ibiquede philofophiadifputans/muneribuSnbsp;cft donatus, ut non tantum fc ornaret, fed etiam eis, qui unsnbsp;fuerantjueftitum, amp; c�tera qu� opus effent ad uiftum^prae^nbsp;ftaret.Cum autem eius comitcsiin patriam rcuerti uoluiffent,nbsp;interrogarcntcj eum, quid namuellet domum rcnunciari,nbsp;tune,ita mandauit dicerc, Eiufmodi poffeffiones amp; uiaticaiUnbsp;beris oportereparari, quf/eti� c naufragio/una poffent enatanbsp;re.Namcpeajtiera pr�fidia funt uitf, quibushecj fortung temnbsp;peftas iniqua,neq! publicarum rerum muradoj necj belli uagt;nbsp;ftatiolpoteft nocere. Non minus earn Icnrentiam augendo,nbsp;Theophraftus hortando, dolt;flos potiuseffeiquam pecuniaenbsp;confidentes,itaponit, Dodumtexomnibusfolum,necjifnbsp;alienislocislpercgrinum,nec^amiffisfamiliaribusamp;neceffagt;nbsp;rijsjinopem amicorum;fedinomniciuitateleffeciucm ,diff�^nbsp;cilescf'fortun3e,fine timore,poffederpicerecafus. Atqui nonnbsp;dodrinarum,fed felicitatis pr�fidfis/putaret le effe uallacum,nbsp;labidisitineribus uadencem, n� ftabili,fed infirma conflida^nbsp;ri uita.Epicurusuero|nondiffimiliterait,Paucafapientibusnbsp;fortunam tribuerc;qu� autem maxima �Cneceffaria funt,aninbsp;mi mentisep cogitationibus gubernari. H�catacffe'pkiresnbsp;Philofoplii dixerunt, non minusetiam Poet�, quiantiquasnbsp;Com�dias grjee fcripferuntjamp;eafdem fententiasiuerfibus innbsp;tena pronunciauerut,Euchrates,Chionides,Ariftophanes,nbsp;maxime

DE ARCHITEC. LIB� VL ^47 maxime etiam c� his /Alexis,qui Athenienfcs air, ideo opor#nbsp;tere laudari,quod omnium Gr�cor�legcsytogunr parentesnbsp;ali a libcn'SjAthenienfiumfnon omnes, nifi cos qui liberos arnbsp;tibus erudiflcnt. Omnia enim muneraforcun�cum dantur,nbsp;abea facillime adimuntur zdifciplinae uero coniunftoe cumnbsp;animis, nullotemporedeficiunt,fed permanentftabilicerjadnbsp;fummum exitum uit�, Itacpego/maximasinfinitasc^ parennbsp;tibus ago atephabeo gratias,quod Athenienl�um legem pronbsp;bantes/mc arte erudiendum curauerunt, amp; ea, qu�tion pogt;nbsp;* teftefle probata fine literaturajencyclioc� do Arinarum omgt;nbsp;nium difciplina. Cum ergo amp; parentum cura,amp; pr�ccptogt;nbsp;tum do Arinis^auAashaberem copias difciplinarum, philo-?nbsp;logis�i philotechnis rebus, c�mentariorumcg fcripturis menbsp;deleAans,eas poflei��oncs animo paraui, c quibushfc eft frugt;nbsp;ftuum fummajuullam plus habendi necefl�tatem,eamcf eflenbsp;proprietatem diuitiarum maximc,nihil defiderare. Sed fortenbsp;nonnulliihaec leuia iudicantes,putant(cosei�e tantum fapien? 'nbsp;tes,qui pecunia funt copiol�, Itac�ipleric� ad id propofitum conbsp;tendentes, audacia adhibitatum diuitijs etiam notitiam funt 'nbsp;confccuti� Ego autem C�far,non ad pecuniam parandamnbsp;txarte,dcdiftudium,fed potiusltenuitatem cumbonafama,nbsp;quam abundantiam/cum infamiajfequendam probaui; ideo/nbsp;noticiesparum eft adfccuta,fed tarnen hisuoluminibus aedi^nbsp;tisfut fpero)pofteris etiam/ero notus. Neeg eft mirand�, quidnbsp;tta pluribus l�m ignotus.Cjteri architeAi/rog�tSC ambiunr,nbsp;titarchitcAentur : mihi autem/a pr�ceptoribusefttraditum,nbsp;togatum,non rogantcrn,oporterc fufeipere curam , quod innbsp;genuus color/moueturpudore 5 perendo rem fuipiciofam:nbsp;tiam beneficium dantes,non accipienres, ambiuntur. Quidnbsp;enimputemus fufpicari,qui rogetur/de patrimonio fumptusnbsp;faciendos/committeregrati� petentis,nil�quodpr�d� comnbsp;pendrjcg eius caufaiiudicct faciendumlt;Itacg maiores/primumnbsp;a genere probatis opera tradebant architcAis : deindequ�rcnbsp;bant/fi honefte effent educati, ingenuo pudori non audaci�nbsp;proteruitatis/committcndumiudicantes. Ipl�autem artifices/nbsp;non erudiebant nifi fucs liberos, aut cognatos, amp; eos uirosnbsp;bonos

bonos infiituebant,quibusitantarum rerum fidei,pccuni�3e ne dubicatione permiccerentur.Cum autem animaducrto abnbsp;�ndodis 8cimperKj'stant� difciplinj magnitudfncm ia�ari�nbsp;�i. ab his, qui non modo architefturj,fed omnino ne fabric�nbsp;quidem noriciam)habent,non poffum nonlaudare patresfa^nbsp;milias eos,quiliccratnr� fiducia confirmati,per fe aedificantcsnbsp;ita iudicant,fi imperitisfit comniitrendu,iplos potiusdignionbsp;res effe ad fuara uoluntarem,quam ad alienam/pecuniae congt;nbsp;fumercfummam.Itacj'nemo arrem ullam aliatn/conatur donbsp;ihifaccre,uti futrinam,uel fullonic3,aut ex cactcris, quae funtnbsp;faciliores, niii architefturam 4 ideolquod qui profitentur/noOnbsp;arte uera, fed falfo/nominantur architefti, Quas ob resfcor#nbsp;pusarchite(9:urae,rationesc:j cius^putaui diligentiffimecon^nbsp;fcribendas, opinans/id munus omnibusgentibus non ingranbsp;turn futurum� Igitunquoniam inquinto/deoportunitateco*nbsp;tnunium operum perfcripfi, in hoc uoluminc/priuatorfl aedinbsp;ficiorum ratiocinationcs, amp; cotnmenfusfytnmctriarum^cx#

Ncyclfoquc doftrinarum omnium difci' plina. ] Encyclion difciplindm//tueEncyclo[ilt;edii,nbsp;uocdtcirculdrem orbiculdtamq^ difciplindruomniufinbsp;fcientidm^qutKMnemonitdiocriterdoiluiiconiutt^i^nbsp;nemc�municdtionem^ inter fehdbereduerit inficidf,

DE DIVERSIS REGIONVM Q_VALITA= tibus^z^ u�rijs c�li afjtcHibu^ ,fccundum ^uosfutttnbsp;tidi�ctddi/^ottcndaC AP. 1.

HAEC aufem/i� erunt refte dgt;fpofira,fi primo anfmad^ uerfiim fuerit, quibus regionibus aut qiiibus inclinagt;nbsp;tiombus mundi/conftituantur.Namcp aliter Acgypto,alirernbsp;Hifpania,noncodem modo Ponto,dilTimilitcr Rom�,itetnnbsp;c�teris terrarum �i regionum proprietatibus/oportereui^nbsp;dentur conftitui genera �dificiorum: quod alia partefoIis curnbsp;fu pr�mitur tellus, alia /longe ab eo diftat, alia 'per mediumnbsp;temperatur. Igirur/uti conftitutio mundi ad terrj fpacium/iiinbsp;clinatione figniferi circuli,Sc folis curfu,difparibus qualitatij?nbsp;bus naturalitcreft collocata,ad eundem modumetiam ad renbsp;gionum rationes c�licg uarietates,uidcntur �dificiorum degt;nbsp;beredirigi collocationes. Sub reptentrionejamp;edif�ciateftudinanbsp;ta,amp; maxime condufaiSi non parentia, f^d conuerfaad cali#nbsp;das partes/oportercfieri uidentur.Contra autemfub impetunbsp;folis,meridianis regionibus, quod premuntur a calorc, pagt;nbsp;tentiora/conuerfacf ad feptentrionem 5�aquilonemifuntfalt;�nbsp;ciunda ; ita quod ultro natura I�dit,arre eritemendandum.nbsp;Item reliquis regionibus/ad eundem mod� temperari,quem�nbsp;admodum c�lumeft/ad inclinationem mundicollocatum.nbsp;H�c autem/ex natura rerum funt animaduertenda Si confidenbsp;randa, atcf eriam ex membriscorporibusc^ gcntium/obfcrgt;nbsp;u�da.SIamcfloLqtiibuslocismediocriterprofundituapo#nbsp;reSjin hisfconferuat corpora temperata qu�cf; proxime curgt;nbsp;rendo deflagrat,cripit|exugendotempcratura liumor�s. Connbsp;tr�uero refrigeratisregionibus,quodabCiint ameridielongt;nbsp;ge, nonexhauritur acaloribushumor,i�d exccelorofcidusnbsp;a�r/incorpora fundcnshumorem,cfflcit amp�orescorpora�nbsp;B turasjuocisc�fonitusgrauiorcs. Ex co quoq5 fub feptentriogt;nbsp;t nibusinutriuntur genres immanibus corporibus,candidisnbsp;coIoribuSjdircfto capillo amp; rufo,oculis c�fis, fanguine mulnbsp;to :quoniampb humorispleniratc,�cclicj! refrigerationibus,nbsp;fuht conf�rinau.Qtii autem funt proximi ad axem meridiannbsp;i i

ip M. VITRVVII POLL. niim,fubj'cftiqucfoliscurfuy3reuioribuscorporibus,colorenbsp;fufcOjCrifpo capillOjOculis nigris,crunbus inualidis,fangutgt;nbsp;ne exiguojolis impecu perficiuncur.kacjienam propccr fangt;nbsp;guinis cxiguitatemldmidiores funt ferro refiftere,fed ardoresnbsp;ac febres fuffcruntfine timore,quod nutricafuntcorGmem^nbsp;bra/cum feruore.Itac^/corporaqu� nafcuntur fub fcptcntrionbsp;ne,afebri timidiora.'amp;imbecilla:fanguinisautemabundangt; -tia,ferro refiltuiu fine timor�. Non minus/fonus uocis/in genbsp;neribusgenti�idifparcs �C uarias habet qualitates,ideo quodnbsp;terminatio orientisamp;occidentis/circa terrae librationem,quanbsp;dtuiditurparsfuperior amp; inferiormundi,habereuideturli^nbsp;bratam naturali modo circuitionem , quam etiam Mathcmanbsp;lici.'Orizontadicunt.Igttur'quoniam idhabemus,certiim aninbsp;mo fuftincntes,a labro,quod cil in regione feptentrionali, ligt;nbsp;nca traie Aa ad id quod eft fuper meridian� axem, ab eoejnbsp;teram obliquam in altirudinem ad fummum cardinem ,quinbsp;cil poft ftellasfeptentrionum,finedubitationeanimaduerteigt;nbsp;TOUSexeofefteichcmatrigonimundojUtiorganiiquamr�Mi* �nbsp;�-j'm Gr�ci dicunt. Itacf/quod eft fpacium proximum imonbsp;cardini/abaxislineainmeridianis finibus,fubeo loco quaenbsp;funt nationcs,proptcr breuitatem altitudinis ad mundum, fonbsp;nitumuocis faciunt tcnucm/amp; acutiflimum, uri in organonbsp;chorda,qu�cft proximaangulo. Secundum cam autemirelinbsp;qu� ad mediam GrjeiamiremiiTiores efficiunt in narionibuf �nbsp;fonorum fcanfioncs. Item,'a medio in ordinem creftendo adnbsp;extremos feprentriones, fub altitudine c�l^nationum fpiri^nbsp;tusfonitibus grauioribusab natura rerum exprimuntur Jtanbsp;uidetur mundi conceptio tota,propter inclinationem, confnbsp;fonantiftime/per folis temperaturam/ad harmoniam efle c5#nbsp;pof�ta, Igitui�qu� nationesfunt inter axis meridiani cardinS,nbsp;amp; feptenrrionalis medio pofit�,utj in diagrammate mufico,nbsp;TOedian� uocis habent fonituni/in iermone : qu�q; progr�snbsp;dientibus ad feptentrionem funt nationes, quod aldores ha^nbsp;bentdiftantiasadmundum,fpiritusuocishabentes humore �nbsp;repletos/ad hypatas,amp;proslambanomen�r^a natura rerum/nbsp;fonitu grauiore coguntur; uti eadem raiione/medio progronbsp;dientibus

dientibusad mendiem gentes,paran�arumiacuri(Tfmam fo# nicu uocisperficiunttenuitatem , Hoc autem ucrum eflc/xnbsp;humidis natur� locj's,grauiora fieri, amp; exferuidis'acutiora,nbsp;licetkaexperiendo animaduertere. Calicesduo*inunafor^nbsp;nace �quae cofti,�quocj pond�r�, ad crepitumc^uno font^nbsp;tii'fiim�tiir, ex histinusiin aquam demktatiir, pofteaicx aquanbsp;eximacur,tuncxitric^tangantur.Cum enim itafaAum fuen'r,nbsp;larguer inter eos fonitus'difcrepabit,�qiiocp pond�r� nonnbsp;poterunt efle. Ita amp; hominum corpora/uno genere figurationnbsp;his amp; una mundi coniunftione concepta, alia'propter r�gionnbsp;nisardorem/acutum fpirittiaifrisexprimunttadujalia�pro^nbsp;pterhumorfsabundantiamgrauiffimaseffunduntfonorunanbsp;qualitates. Item proprertenuitatem cccli, meridian�nationes/nbsp;exacutoferuore, mente/expeditius celeriuscf mouenturiadnbsp;confiiiorum cogitationes ; Septentrionales autem gentes/in#nbsp;fuf�craf�itudinc coeli, propter obftantiatn acrishumorenbsp;frigerar�jftupenteshabent mentes. Hoc autem'ita efle/a fergt;nbsp;pentibuslicetafpicere,qu�/percalorcmicumcxhauftam hagt;nbsp;benthumorisrefrigerationem,tuncacerrimemouentur:pcrnbsp;brumalia autem iamp; hy berna temporafmutan'one cocH refrigenbsp;rar3c,immor�funtftupore: ita nonefimirandum'l�acutioresnbsp;effiieitcalidusacrihominum mentes,refrigeratusautem ton^nbsp;tratardiores. Cum fintautc meridian� nationes/animis acu^nbsp;liflimisjinfinitacf folertia confiiiorum,- fimul ad fortitudinemnbsp;ingrediuntur,)bi/fuccurnbunt,quod habenrexuAasabfoIcnbsp;animorum uirtutes. Qui ucro refrigeratis nafeuntur r�gion�nbsp;bus,ad armorum uehementiam paratiores runr,magniscj uinbsp;ribusruunt fine timor�^ fed tarditateanimi��neconfidcranti�nbsp;irruentcs,finefolertiaifuisc�filr)srefring�tur.C�ergo ab nanbsp;turarer�haec ita fint in mundo collocata, ut omnesnationesnbsp;immoderatismixtionibusfintdifparat3e,placuit,uiinterfpanbsp;cia totius orbis terrarum, reglonumq; medio mundi^pcpugt;nbsp;lusRomanuspoflideretfines, Namc�'tcmperatiinm�aa ugt;nbsp;tramep partem,amp;co rporum membrisi animorumqsuigorlnbsp;bus, pro fortitudinefunt in Italia genres, Quemadmoduninbsp;cnim iouis �ella,inter Martis feruentilTimamj�cSafurnifrigi

diflf�mam mcdi3rcurrcns/teinp,cratur,eadcm ranone'Irah'a jnA . ter feprcntrionalem meridianamc^b utrac^ parte mixrionigt;nbsp;bustempcratas amp;C tnuiAas habet laudes.ltacpconfilqs refringt;nbsp;git Barbarorum uires,fortimanu/men'dianorum cogiiationbsp;nes.Ita diuina mens/ciui'tatem populi Romani/cgregiatem# quot;nbsp;�; peratac� regionecollocauir,utiorbis terrarumimperiotpoU

rctur. Quod fi ita eft, uti diflimiles regi'ones/ab inclinarionigt; bus coclijuarrjs generibus fint comparataej SiC ut etiam naturfnbsp;gentiumdifparibusanimis,�Ccorporum figuris,qualitativnbsp;busc� nafcerentur;non dubitaraus/a�dif�fiorum quoc� ratioVnbsp;nes/ad nationum gentiumcp.proprictatesyapte diftribuideVnbsp;berc, cum habeamus ab ipfarerum natura/folertem Si(. expeVnbsp;ditamrnonftrationc, Qiioad potu�fumma radone proprievnbsp;tates locorutn/ab natura rerum difpofitas animaduertere, exnbsp;pofui,amp; quemadmodtim ad foliscurfum amp; inclinadones ccenbsp;li,oporteat(ad gentium figuraszco nftituere aedificiorum qualinbsp;tatesdixi.Itac^nunc flnguJorum generumrin�dificiiscomVnbsp;naenfus fymmetriarum, amp; unjuerfos feparatoszbrcuitctnbsp;CxpHcabo,.

Ai NamquealiterAegypto,aliterHifpania. 1 HahenfenimJi' Ufrfos horizontes. E� dutem horizon,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;hem^/pierium mam��um ab '

occullo termin�t, db nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;e�,finio nommatu^.tAdcrobiutfuperflan^

tit call terminum,Kartianuf CapeSai�nitorcm, Ptolem�Ut cr Alphrd* ganu^hemiߒhttri/ circuhvmuocant, B Subfeptcntrionibusnu*nbsp;triunturgentesimmanibus] HocetiamnarratGalcnutlib.nbsp;temperament if. Ef f:ribit Tacituf lib.de Germanif,.eorum comatieff� runbsp;tilM,e:y'proccracorpora,Vide Plin.hb.t.ca.rs.lSlamflauoselJ'e^niemini-tegercapudluttenjlemfafyra.^.Lueanumlib. i.ey^. Strabonemlib.7.nbsp;Herodianumlib.4. Claudianum,cchonradumCelten in elcgijs.nbsp;Animofuftinentes. ] id e� �n^entes zy imaginantes ,utuulgaslo^nbsp;5(tntttr.D Vti organ!, quam z�/tBi/Kx/jGr�cidicunt ] Sattl '^nbsp;b!(ca,mu�ciim organum^ri^uciritm, imparibus longitudme fi'dibM erߒ'nbsp;�tit^ E Spiritusuoci�li^eiiusfhunaorereprecos] vocumua*.nbsp;rictOik

DE ARCHITEC. L�B. Vl, 353 #tffiWJtx cltmcttu'm diuer/�tate n�fcitur, N;lt;w gctifesk^uo breuioremnbsp;bent Poli eleu^tionenttei) {unt dcutioris. uo�5;qu� fublimiorem, l�funtfonbsp;ftitibuigrduioribus, d Netcfcilicet�trdnseun�oper Mefen ) ddHypatennbsp;Cf Pro�/iimtiittowoK)� pertingettdo,ut in Mu�cdThedtride�^ndtione^nbsp;(uperiorelibro-lduer� fieridit^propterbreuitdtemdltitudinis, dUt dtftdnnbsp;tidmdd munium,uti in orgtno Sdmbucd,chordd!(luie eft angulo proxmd,nbsp;(.luenim Vitru.lociuitur ) id e�,quiecRbreut�imd, tenuetn/O'dcuti�ianbsp;tuurn hdbct uocii fonitum;db ed,qute ab dngulo maxitn�. abefl,id efl,d Ionsnbsp;gi�inidigrduiofexprinnturf�nitiu.Scddnimdducr�onedignumputamU'St .nbsp;ijuodexCdpeUdcyAufomoire�rtldnuiPdrrhd�us,indrb�r.ibusmu�cd-'-fdtionemdtuerfdt� e�e. Ndmutqu�q;procerior!drbore�z!Finaltitm !nbsp;tendit,e�magisdcuttim'redditfonum.Queecunlt;jiUer�iqudm minimum dbnbsp;funtdb rddice, grauiu�zr rduco murmure quatiuntur. Scribo dutemhocnbsp;loco,ddllypdtMcrProilambdnomenon.. p Hoc autemira efle, anbsp;ferpendbuslicec afpicere. ] TraditGalenusicxtremofecundolibronbsp;de af��ii locK^�d�oremimotum excitdre,�igu5 uero'.ociofum,^' lt;td mosnbsp;tiones pigrum e�icere animal .JndeianimaUd frigidioris naturteiper byesnbsp;mem [olcre latere, ipfas^ adeo Viperof^�contraHentur de�rdntur^,nonbsp;morderetcontraper ee�atem, atq^ tum poti�imum, cum Canicuhe drdorenbsp;txlt;e�udnt,[ituire, o- �trore preefe �rrc.S^o re�exi�e mihi uidetur O�j�nbsp;diui t,Metamorph.�cum diti.

Frigore pigra priut,nec �rmidabilis idli, lncaluit,fump�tq;nouai �ruoribu^iras..

G; Cumfintaurem meridian� nationes/animis aciitiflimis.] Nit( ionef iqu�dd meridiem uergunt, cum animi per�icuitate or con�lio/nbsp;plurimum uateant,uiriiui minimum po�unt.Septentrionem incolentesfuisnbsp;fibiK innix�,e:^ con�lijs de�ittit�,�-anguntur:ut uerum �t, cceli qualitdsnbsp;teingenijs aliquid'dcccdere,aut ddimi. H Ita diui una mens jci'ui ra�nbsp;tempopuHRomani/cgregia temperaraque rcgi�ne colJo�nbsp;'auit.] Decebat fcilicetieam Vrbem, qu�ierat �itura mundi cdput'^qu�nbsp;tot popiilorum difcordes �rasq; linguasifermohis contraheret ad eollosnbsp;^uia, qu�undlc!in(ljir!!m gentium in toto orbe e�et �tura princeps,^^nbsp;^h'derecon�lij5,e:^uiribtiiUdlerct.

NV Lia archice Ao maior cura efTcdebetjntfi uti propof tionibusratae pards/habeancfdificiarationum exa�ionbsp;B�S.Cum ergo conCtitucafymmecriarum ratio fucrit, amp; comnbsp;inenfusratiocinacionibusexplicatiycunc/eciam acuminiseftnbsp;propriumprouiderc ad natura loci aut ufum, aut freiem,nbsp;etdetradionibus uel adiedionibus/temperaturas efficcrc,ucinbsp;cum de fymmetria/fitdetradum autadiclt;Sum,iduideatur renbsp;Aeefl'e format�, fic/ut in afpedu nihil defideretur. Alia cnim'nbsp;ad manum fpecies efle uidetur, alia'in excelfo : non eadem innbsp;conclufojdiflimilisinapertojinquibusimagniiudicijcftopenbsp;ra ,quid tandem faciendum f�t. Non enim ueros uideturha^� �nbsp;here uifus effeAus,led fallitur fxpc ab eins iudicio'mens.nbsp;Quemadmodumetiamiin Icenis pidis uidentur columnarnbsp;rum proiedur�,mutulorum ecphoraej�giorum figur� pronbsp;tninentes,cum f�t tabulaifinc dubio ad regulam plana,f�miligt;nbsp;ter in nauibusrcmi,cum fintfubaqua/diredi,tamcnoculis'innbsp;fradi uidentur, amp; quatenus eorum partes'tangunt fummamnbsp;planiciem liquoris,apparent(utifunf)diredi. Cum uero'fubnbsp;aqua funt demiffi, per natur� perlucidam raritatem, remit#nbsp;tunt enatantes ab fuiscorporibus fluences imagincs�d fum#nbsp;mam aquaeplaniciem, atep ibi commot�iefficere uidentur innbsp;fradum remorum:Oculisafpcdum.Hocautem,f�ueGmula#nbsp;crorum impulfu,feu radioru ex oculis efFufionibus(uti Phy#nbsp;ficis placet) uideamusiutraqtie ratio ne uidetur ita elte,uti fal#nbsp;fa indicia,oculorum habcat afpedus. Cum ergo,quae funt ucnbsp;ra/alfa uideantur, amp; nonnulla, aliter quam funcoculis pro#nbsp;bcncur,non puto/oportere efle dubium, qiiinad locorum nanbsp;turas aut neceflitates,detradioncsi aut adicdioncs fieri debe#nbsp;antzfed itafut nihil in his operibus defideretur. H�c autern etinbsp;amingeniorum acuminibus,non fohim dodrinisefificiun#nbsp;tur. Igitur flatuenda eft primum/ratio fymmetriarum, a qua;nbsp;fum�rur fine dubirationecommutatio'.Oeihdc/explicetur o#nbsp;peris futuri�clocoruiii imum fpacium ,longitudinisamp; lati#nbsp;tudinis*

DE ARCHITEC. LlB. Vb Afj tudinis;cuius,cum femelfuericconftituta magnftudo,fcquagt;nbsp;tureamiproporoonisaddecorctp apparado, uti nonfitconnbsp;fiderantibiis/afpeftiis eurythmi� dubius : de qua quibus ra#nbsp;donibus cf�iciatur, eft mihi pronunefandum, Primumcf denbsp;cauis �dfum,ud fieri debeanr, dicam.

A Vd cum de Syinmctria fit detraAum aut adieAum.] Gportet omnino Archuedum^ingenio effe folerti, muit a do�lirinii,mdxi*nbsp;tno ufu,lt;ii^ in primiriicerrimo effe iudtcio,cui'pro loei commoditate, autnbsp;decore, eirlis interdum preeccpta negligendd, Nee eniw in omnibui locisnbsp;omnes�ymmeiriiteffi�usrej^onderc pojjunt .Turnanim�duertendutn,nbsp;^uibtu rationibus dd loci mtturdm nut mdgnitudinembpui debeat tempe*nbsp;ran, ibierit ingenio oput GT acumine:ut de lymmetrijsadieiliones aut denbsp;trailiones fiant, ingenio/ut inueniat, ufiuiut cognofcat, iudicioM feligattnbsp;confilioM componat,arte/ut perficiat ^uod conftituerit. in re autem lt;edi*nbsp;ftcatoriOilausefi omnium prima.iudtcare quid deceat, B Noncnimuenbsp;rob uidetur] Oculorum profiilo fenfiMiacerrimuf,ueruntamenquinSnbsp;titro fidldtur,B,tmi enim ( quod^ipfe, cr omnes fiitentur) cum fint fubnbsp;tquafre�ifOculis tamenfiaili uidentur, Caufam,uelex Joanne Cantuari*nbsp;tnfi Archiepifcopo,partc PerjfieHiua tertia, banc effe liquet, quod partnbsp;qu� tn aqua efi, propior apparet qu�m fit reipfa, pars qute extra aquamnbsp;tfi, fito m loco apparet, itaque cum partes haeidire�� continult;e apparerenbsp;non pofiint,apparent continuat^efindtre��. Reliquit/quia paucis explieo*nbsp;finonpo/funttpraflatad opticnefcriptoresreijcere, C Signorumnbsp;figurae prominentes (turn fit tabula,finedubio,adrcgulamnbsp;plana.] PidorcrprominenfifM extabula,umbrK, lineis, a- comminu*nbsp;tis angulis/monftrare elabor ant,Vmbr is quomodo fiat, docet Pliniuf lib.nbsp;is,cap.].. Omnesinquit,qutdolunbeniinentiauideri,candicantiafictunt^nbsp;toloremq; condiunt nigro. Kagna prorfus ars, tn (equogt;extantia oftende=:nbsp;in confraiiofoltda omnia. Sed de ea renos/libro dept�itya fcriptonbsp;docelgt;imus;ubtprietcr qu�m quod indicabimus, quicquid fub pi�iuram canbsp;dit,id iregul^ ey- circini beneficio fieri pofi�, utcunq; piHores negent Em^nbsp;ptrici �y 2.cyo^uj^a(foi,id cft,uerbu teattspiilores: itaenimlibct ap*nbsp;ptdarepeniculi duiiorcs, indignas non qui pingant icuiufmodi multos ui*

uidemui,f�d qut nee ter�nt colores (egregios enim ptifores�ut potiuf tok / randosietds noflrd unum at^ue altcrum ttdit)prieterinijudm ^hod doee'�nbsp;1 iimiisicircinoc^regidtt Hniuerf�in pingendi rationem pcrficioportercnbsp;i oflendcinus etidin/qudfytnmetridpdrtes dduniuerfumcorpusrefirantur,nbsp;qnotuplices ftiit�dtuscr�flcxus;corporumz^rcrumpingcnddrum,(ltid*nbsp;que rdtionebmitem colorent non tenter�, fed eer to iudtciacompondi mi*nbsp;fceds�e. Sunt de umbrisinonnulld feriptd � Leone Bdptiftdjibello de pi^unbsp;rd, non in�liciter quidemtlld ^fed qult;e.meos condtm nthilfint tdrddturd^nbsp;D Vti non confiderantibus�afpeAus Eurythmi� diibius.]nbsp;�urythmid, e� uenu�a �ieciesjcommodusq- in compo�tionibus membra*nbsp;rtm d�ieHus, duHore Vitruuio lib,t^cdp,t. ed concinnitds ndfeilur eXnbsp;fymmetrijs pneferiptK^dUt ijs,qtt� dfolerti esr dcuto Archtte�oipro w�nbsp;cdfionequxruntur^

CAVA �diumK]uinqucgeneribusfuntdiftinda,quo� rum I'ta figiirx nominantur,Tu{caniarm,Con'nthfuffl,nbsp;Tetraftylon, Difpluuiatum, T efludinaium.T ufcanica funr,nbsp;inquibusitrabcsin atri) larirudinctraiedx/habeant interpen^nbsp;fiuaamp;colliquias,ab angulis pariet�'ad angulos tignorufflnbsp;intercurrentes iirem/aflcnbus/ftillicidi�orum in medium co/nbsp;pluuium deiedus. In Corinthijs/iifdem rationibus trabesnbsp;amp; compluuia collocantur,fed a parietibus trabesreccdentcsnbsp;in circuitione circa columnas componuntur . Tetraftylianbsp;funt,qu�/fubic�:isfub trabibus angularibuscolumnis,(Sinbsp;utilit�rem trabibus, amp; firmitatempr�ftant, quod nequeipf?nbsp;magnum impetum coguntur habere,necgabinterpenfiuisnbsp;onerantur t

A In quibus'trabes in atrij latitudine traieft� habeant in terpenfiua.] interpenfiudHermoldus dit effetigilld,dut djferes, db dn*nbsp;�gulis par let urn dd angulos tignorum intercliifosidd imbres in colliquidi denbsp;riudndos. Ego/eo ettam nomine didcrediderimligna quieddm,�ilcra �iUf*nbsp;etdiorum, dutquarumpdrsftrdiefiuseiydlioquinuelutipen�les trabes fitnbsp;fiinet, alteraipvietiin�xd- B Et colliquias, ] ide�,cdnalesfquide�nbsp;fiuentemex�itticidijsdqudmirecipiunttnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Difpluui^

C Difpluu�ata autem funt,in qu�bus/deliqui�f arcam fuftincn jy tes/ftillicidi a reqciunt.Hxcihybernaculis maximas praeftantnbsp;utilitates,quo d co mpluuia eorum crcfta, non obftant hi mi#nbsp;kk

nibiis tn'clin�orum. Sed ea/habcc in rcfeftionibusmofefiiatn magnam,quod circaparieKs'ftillicidiadefluentiacontinentnbsp;fiftiilae,qu�;non celericer/recipiunt excanalibusaquam degt;nbsp;fluentcm.Itacg/redundantcs/reftangnanr,�Cintertinum opusj �nbsp;�i parietes/ineis generibus �dif�ciorum corrumpunt. T eftugt;nbsp;dinaca uero/ibi fiunt,ubi)honfunt impetus magni, 5i inconf'nbsp;tignationibu$fupra fpatiofa redduntur habitationibus�

C Difpluuiata autem funt.] nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;tc�dfiuttt,trdbium iun�

{lii ci(gt;itibus,mMuo innixupartbiu^ contra fe ponJcribM,pcdilgt;us mis diuaricatis,quie(nifi f��ort^iext.Pompeiuspeftinata appeUat; fkut teftisnbsp;dmatalin partes quatuor deuexa. Ham alitenpeilinatim dtjjgt;ofttum diet*nbsp;tur 4 Vitruuio lib.i, cap.s. id ell,quemadinodum ferra dentesifalent effe�nbsp;D Deliqui�/�rc�fuftinentes. ] Deliquias i�deturintelligere,quiiSnbsp;Sext.Pompetusfdicitdelkias,ttgna,qui!e/�culmineadtegulasangularesin*nbsp;�mas/uerfus �jligiatu co�ocantur;unde teHum deliciatu, et deliciares te^nbsp;gula^N�ccUicias tegutastid�au�orait, perquas'aquain uasdefluerepo*nbsp;teji,E, Etopusinteftinum.] Pro�ne�risihoelocoaccipiendu, Ali*nbsp;dsiomne opus materia con�ans, �gni�catur intefiini opens appe�atione �

TRI orum uero longitudines amp; latitudinestribus gef neribus formantur : amp; primum genus diftribuitur, utinbsp;longitudo/cum in quinqp partcsdiuifafuerit,tres partes latitunbsp;dinidencur. Alterumfcum in tres partes diuidatur,du�par^nbsp;tes latitudini tribuantur. Tertium/uti latitudoinquadratonbsp;paribus lateribus defcribarur,inc� eo quadrato/diagonti lineanbsp;ducatur,amp;: quantum ipacium habuerit ea linea diagonrj, tan.�nbsp;talongitudoiatriodetur. Altitudoeorum,quanta longitunbsp;do fucrir,quarta dempta,fub trabes extollatur^reliquum lalt;? �nbsp;cunariorum amp; arc� fupra trabes ratio habeatur. Alisdextra cnbsp;aefiniftra latitudo,cGfitatrijlongitudo�b trigintapedibusnbsp;adpe#

ad pedes quadragtnta,ex rerdaparte eiusJeonftituatur, Ab tjuadraginra ad pedes qiiinquaginta longicudo/diuidaturinnbsp;partes tres amp; dimidiam; ex liis una pars all's detur. Cum aiigt;nbsp;tem eritlongitudo/ab qiiinquaginta pedibus ad fexaginta,nbsp;parsquana longttudinis�listribuatur.Abpedibusi�xagin#nbsp;ta ad odoginta,longitudo diuidatur in partes quatuor amp;digt;nbsp;midiam, exhis/unapars fiat alarum latitudo . Ab pedibusnbsp;odoginta ad pedes centum, in quinc^ partesdiuifa longitu^nbsp;do^iuftam conftituerit latitudinem alarum. Trabes earumli 'nbsp;minaresata alteponantur, iitaltitudinesdadtudinihusfintnbsp;quales. Tablino, fi latitudo atrijerit pedumuiginti; demptanbsp;terda, eius fpacio/reliquum tribuatur. Si �rit ab pedibus tri^nbsp;kk itj

ginta, ad quadrat ginta;exatriilati7nbsp;tudine, tabiino dlnbsp;midi� tribiiatur,nbsp;Cum auc2 ab quanbsp;draginta ad fexa�nbsp;ginta, ladtudo digt;nbsp;uidatur in panesnbsp;quinque ex his^nbsp;duae/rablino con^nbsp;tribuantur.Npnnbsp;cnim/atriamino^nbsp;ra cum maiorigt;nbsp;bus, caidem po�gt;nbsp;funt haberenbsp;mctriarum rado^ gt;nbsp;nes. Sicnimmaionbsp;r� fymmetrijs utcnbsp;mur in minorigt;nbsp;bus,nccjtablinaynbsp;neep al jiutilitatcninbsp;potcrunt habere :nbsp;fin autem maior��nbsp;in minoribusute^nbsp;inur,uafta(amp;immania in his/ea crunt membra. Itacp genera^nbsp;tim magnitudinum rationes exquifitas,amp;utilitatiamp;a1peAuinbsp;confcribendas putaui. Alcitudo rablini ad trabcm,adieftal3nbsp;tttudinisosftauaconfiituatur, Lacunaria eiustcrcia latitudi^nbsp;nis ad altitudinc adiefta/extollantur.Fauces/minoribus atrijsnbsp;c tablinilatitudine/demptafenia,maioribusjdimidiaconfii^nbsp;tuantur, Imaginesitem ake/cum fiiis ornamentisadlatitudi#nbsp;rem alarum fint confticut�.Latitudinesoftiorum ad altitudinbsp;nem, fi Don'ca erunr, uti Dorica, � lonica erunt, uti [oniesnbsp;pcrficiantiir.Qucmadmod� dethyromatis, in quibusquar^nbsp;tolibro rationesfymmetriar��funt expof�t�. Impluuijlumc/pnbsp;latum laticudinisatrij, ne minus quarta, ne plus/tcrda panenbsp;rclinquatuf�

�'vlinqnatur : longitudo uti atrif pro rara parte Hat.Periftylia aut� in tranfuerfo,'tenta parte longiora fint, quam introrfus.nbsp;Column�tam alt�,quam porticus lat� Ricrint � Periftylio#nbsp;futn intercclumnia'ne minustrium,ne plus quatuor columnnbsp;narumcrafliitudine^nterfe diftent.Sin autcm Dorico more/innbsp;periftyliocolumn� erunt faciund�,uti in quartolibro denbsp;Doricisfcripfi,itaniodulifumantur,utad eosnaodulostri�nbsp;glyphorumcj rationes difponantur.

A Atriorumuerolongttudines. ] Stittimdbinterioriitinuiiins troeuntibuiwcurrit dtrium,lt;eJi�ciiimiontinens ttreiitn,in qudmiolle�anbsp;(inquit Sext.Pompeiui)(x omni te�lo pluuiaiiefcendit. Di^ium,ut Varronbsp;txifiimdt,db AtridtibusUletruriit populis, unctc cxemplum f�t fimpttmttnbsp;3eruius,Aenid-i,dbdtro,qu�dincoculindeffet^dicimduultdlludusr�lnonnbsp;f�trit negligendum, quod fdcri TS-udttgclij Scriptores/oof�tiv uocdnt , id �v'AWnbsp;ittttrpretes:uertiU�dtriiim;qudnqudmdtrioiGrteci non utuntur,ut fcribinbsp;tur hnittt libri cdp.w, GeUitu cert� lib.is ,cdp,6, rc�rt/tonnuUostxifli'^nbsp;^lt;iff�,pfiorem pdrtetn domui,quitfdtrium uulgo diceretur,uePtbulum cf�nbsp;fe.ndm quod dd uocdbulum Gruccum dttinet, Athenaui irdditio�iTinv dp*nbsp;peHdri/perfldbtlem locum,c^ J'/�uAwvr^ev diet locimtiutrinq^ uentum tx �nbsp;cipientenr.ufurpdri dutemfud lt;etdte(quemddmodum Menunder^Gf Dipbi �nbsp;lui u�f runt ) pro regijs^ quad dnte �e/hdbedntdmpldfubdidlid locd, quidnbsp;ibiprtotoridni milites obdormidnt. Homerum uer�,perpetuc)iiulienomi�nbsp;We �tbdidlid locd inteUigere, nbi Hercei louisierdt drd�Verbd eiui ilibitumnbsp;dpponere;ed uer�funt ex lib ^amp;-nvoa-oqgt;isSiV quinto, onbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�PiawvEo

Avcvost�otos ��Zi� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;(S'iauAov�'Jap tp�/Asv

iI�)taT��7rVE�^ia )(a^lov,Pdul�pofi. n�/j J�Ta�aerfAeaAE^ou^ �riv a�AccS wSTrt� MEVXV �� o�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A/cpiAos. ktoi �^� V /�e^xAWS e';gt;^lt;|v

'�r��'n�v oiKwp �fTra/�jtouS TOTTOUS, KO�TT�paKOt^Siamp;ai rovs ePo� �utjJofouSTO�s�acrEiots.�^K�oST�� cPa�AH/j��/'TOTfaf�iTWP VTratnbsp;efiwVTOTri�/j, E'v^aHVOT2�5Eigt;ttt2w�s�w^i.�s. B Lacunarior�nbsp;amp;arc�,] idcfttCdui^forumldquedrium, C Alis/dextra�lt;finisnbsp;ftra.]

ftra.] dicuntur hoe loco,utrinlt;^xiuod continuo ah impluuio�ruitufi D Tablinum,filaritudoatrqerirpcdumuiginti.] ProPi�nbsp;Hiicotheca Tablinumpofuit, Nitw in Tablino'codicescr monumentare*nbsp;ruminmagifiratugeflitrumadferuanturi lnPin�cothecisdutempt� tlt;tnbsp;bul� ftatu�,ut ex Plinif libre if, cap, i. conijcerc licet. Vide qute funt,nbsp;apud Alexandrum ab Alexandre libro f.dierumgenialium, cap-14, Enbsp;Si enim minorum fymmetrrjsutemur inmaioribus. ] Sert�nbsp;bendtvm,� enim maioru �immetri/sMemurin minoribui.ttem paulopoft �nbsp;Sin autem maiorumin minoribuf utetnur, refiituendum, Sin autem mine*nbsp;rum in maioribut, PugiJJet me locut hie, nift conniuenti mihiitranfilien*nbsp;ti^fummonftra�itacriuiringenioLuceniuimeu�, F Impluuijlu�nbsp;men latum atrij neminus qu�rta.] Deorfum quo impluit,implu*nbsp;uiumdicitur,furfumqu�compluit,compluuium,utrum^�pluuia,Au�ornbsp;Varrodelingualatina libro4,.

DE TRICLINIIS ET OECIS, EXEDRIS, pmacothccK, eorum dimenfionibut�nbsp;C A P V T. V.

TRicliniorumquanta latitudo fucrit ,bis tanta longi�tu^ � do'fieridebcbit.Altitudinesomnium conclauior�quf �nbsp;oblo nga fuerint,fic habere debet rationem, uti longitudinisnbsp;amp;laticudinismenfura(componatur,amp;cxeafummalt;dimidi#nbsp;um fumatur,amp; quantum fuerit/tantum altitudini dccur. Sinnbsp;autcexedr�aut oeciquadrarifuerint,latitudinisdimidiaadgt;nbsp;dita,altitudines educantur,Pinacothcr3e,uri cxedr�, amplisnbsp;magnitudinibus funt conftituendf,�ci Corinthtj/tetraftylicj!,nbsp;qiiicy Aegyptq uoe�tur, laciiudinis amp; longitudinis,uti 1'upranbsp;tricliniorum fymmecri� feript� funt ,itahabeant rationem:nbsp;fed propter columnarum intcrpofitiones,fpaciofiorescon^nbsp;ftituantur.InrerCorinthios autem amp; Aegyptios,hoc erit di^nbsp;fcrimen.Corinthijifimpliceshabentcolumnas,aut in podionbsp;pofitas,aut in imo,fuprac�/liabcnt epiftylia, coronas, aut ex gnbsp;inteftino opcre,autalbario. Pr�terca/fupra coronas curua lanbsp;cunariafad circinu delumbata ,In Aegyptijs autem/fupra cogt;nbsp;lumnas

lumnas epj�yh'a,amp; ab cpiflylijs'ad parietes qui Hint circa,fm^ ponendacftcontignatiojfupraeam/coaxatiofetpauimentumnbsp;fubdio,utfitcircuitus. Dcinde/fupraepiftyliumad perpendinbsp;culum inferiorumcolumnarum ,fmponend�funt minoresnbsp;quarta parte column�. Supra earum epiftylia 6i ornamen#nbsp;tadacunarijsornanturjamp;intercolumnasfuperioresfencftracnbsp;collocantur � ita bafilicar um/ea fimilitudo , non Corinthiotfnbsp;rumtricliniorum juidetureflc.

A Tricliniorum quanta latirudofucrit ] Triclttiiutnldtrihut kHis diilurn,dCiccrone i.de Ordtore/conclMdrMi�rtur.ScrMUi ke*nbsp;Weid.i. fcribit/ntiquosiflratis tribus le�is'epulari folitos, t-rrartg^eos,nbsp;�iuiTricliniumdicuntitpfam�Bafilicamidutccendtionem, Vclhicunuslo*nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;thr

tus�citcontra Seruij�ntentiam,nelaudcmQuinttlianum,ZTVdlcriunt Maximum,qui,^uod Cicero i.deOratore, deScopaloquensiconclauedi^!

Xerdt,Tricliniumintcrpretantur.Quisautem�eritapudueteresdccum nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;mtf

bendimos,qute�tum eftiuec ab ullo,cutui'ad hanc diem ledita�t(quod fci� ' dm) fententia,expofitum, No� utro^uod Ic�ione zir marmonbus anti�nbsp;quis animaduerterimus,�on pigcbit ai^rre i ut ad cateros/aliqua quoquenbsp;nine utditas perucniatjtaq;pranfuriiautcoenaturi illi � prandior� enint, ;

He cuiiSeruif auiloritas imponat,mentio efljapud Hypocratem lib.i.de ui� Hiisrationeinmorbisacutis,apud Plautum,Terenttum, Valeriut� Mdx.nbsp;t�/in(Mm,Cicci/i�(M,crd/ioJ,QKlt;t�^�d�� Galenus lib.s.detuenda ualetu�nbsp;Hine, ref�rtfemifi tardius lauaret, cibtent non fump�jjc, er illtmi quident Lnbsp;futn fumeret,folo pane uti, abfque potu : quofdam tter�oliui5,mclle, atc^ Pnbsp;id genus ufos/cum potU} ut uideri po�iticibus quern intcrdiupumerentje� ]

O cubiculare5)undewcatum Tricliniu:aliquandoduos,inde Plautus, 4� ^^u Bacchidum,bic!iniuum�rmauit, Sed Vitruuiusihuius hbri capitenbsp;*��t in Oeco/quatuor TrKiinidfternipo�int,prie[cribit, Et Julius Pol^

i�xJiamp;.i,clt;lt;p.8.frddit,0(Ko/j diciTfiKAivoVjZs-avrKKAd'ov/sKanAiV�r, ex leitoriim numero, Antiphdnes'e'sr AndXdndri�es't��n�ivov dixerunt,nbsp;Phyrnichuf/iTis-Tlt;xn��ivovetiVViixn'�ivovufur[}((uit,ute/i�{gt;udAthente^nbsp;aw lib.z,Et dpudeundem lib.^. fcribit CaUixenus^dd proritm nmis Pbi�nbsp;lopdtorif'fiii/Jco�KOV'T^iirnaKl'iKXH�ivov^iitconie�iirte/titocuijplureinbsp;aliquando�rdtosle^los/pro conuiuurum numero. �yudmuii�regratid*nbsp;rum num�ro/ejje dele�ato!, zy in Muf irum de�jife .animaduerf urn Jittnbsp;Notum e� entm lUud^ex tulio Cupitolino in Vero, feptemconutuium, no*nbsp;uem uero/conuitium. iinm Cf Arche�rutuf Po�ta Syrdcufiuscouiuds ejfenbsp;dut tres,dut qudtuor, dut non plures quinc^/uult, a��s futurum conuentiinbsp;manipuldriumicrrdptouiuentiui�.Eio(^v,inquit,J^H Tfes �}nbsp;01 ^UV�7r(XUT�S-H'n�V7r�VTE7�(U.;}7r£/�US/KcfK)9JSSv�'(N, MZc�'W^�nbsp;fava^wx^i�!avlt;rKHvits^aTi(�Tuv-(Suntdutemhiuerfusexlibro,quinbsp;fecundum Chry�ppuminferibituryxsfovo/j.'itx.,fecundum Lynceum ejnbsp;Cd�limdchumHlt;l'irssxdiia,utCledrchusif�amp;Trvo��oyia,utdlij 'o-Vottoi'**nbsp;* �lt;�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;idquodlibroi,Dipnofopbi�onAtheni�usdnnotduit)etid�Pldtonis Synt

po�u/miiiginti�elebrduerunt,utidem prodit.Toties uer� menfdf,quotief �rcutd ZSquot; obfonidlmutdri,zy onuUdsldduobus �rri,conuiuif^ dccubdn*nbsp;tibuildpponi(blcre,ex Alexi Poctd dpud Athenteu lib.�, zy Plutdrchodnnbsp;uitdPelopidteconiecimiu.Confueuiffeduteininle�lisdtfcumbere,priet^nbsp;aliAloca�ndicdt Virgtliit* Aeneidosi.

Inde thoro pdter Aenedsi�c orfus db dito. Et alibi: �Thoris iu�idifcumberepii} is.

Adhiectiordtiitshbro i.Sermonum,Sdtyrd 4-Slt;epe tribus leilisiuideds coendre qudternos. Et Cdrminum lib, i, Ot/c 17.

� SolcbdtiQr in�quAli�imAru rerum fortes, et auerfis tAbularum piilurat / fn eouiuio uendttare^tneertoq- cAfu/Jfetn mercantium uelfru/lrdri, uelexnbsp;plere,ita ut per Jingulos le�o^licitMio ftret.TerenttM in He Anton, A ccurnbsp;funtftrui,foccosdetrAhunt,uideodliosfiftin�re, le�os�ernere, c�ndnnbsp;*pparare,Columeli�lib.i. cdp. s. Villicmi�tfrugdlitdtis exetnplum, necnbsp;dtebusidccubdnscoenet,Vdlcriuslib.i,detn�itutisdutiquis. foenbsp;fnimeicumuiris cubdntibus,fedentes/coenitdbdnt. Et ne mihi neceffe�tiosnbsp;innid ommunt loca lauddre,Romie uidimusdn �de �Eufidtij, er alijs la*nbsp;sis, lAutin� etidm,fcdlptum in mdrmoribusfingulisHdcentem in le�o ho*nbsp;tninem'fttbie�opuluillo/cubito,dppo�tdddie(tutripedernenfd,dliqudn*nbsp;do/monopodio. o�endit er Venetijsi hiiiuf nodi duo mdrmord lodnnesnbsp;frdneifeus VdleriusVenetut,Romdnuniitnum,pu�Uumilludquidem, Alnbsp;terumidPeloponnefoufq;ddue�um. Pr�tered Rom�nn�d�usHiero�nbsp;ttinii Mdjfeiier Mdtth�i Sdffj, uifuntur murrnoramon ddmodum db�mi*nbsp;l�, ubifunt le�iiduo decubitorifieum menfd und. in unoif:det uir f�minu*nbsp;dusfuppo�tohumeris puluino;ddeins genude� er dltetjeminuduslpro*nbsp;tiHsinnixiiscubito. luxtd fecundumle�umi�dtpromi�dbdrbduentro*nbsp;fus fcnex(Silenum e/fecredidcrim)cuifoledslnudus iuuenis,ut idciturade*nbsp;mit, ( So[clt;K cnim demere folitos cflelpuluinis^ inniti coendntes, pr�ternbsp;mdrmord, multisiMdrttdlis erdliorum firipiorumloeis/probdripote�)nbsp;pon�uer� dlius nudus�nclmdbundumfu�inetldumdetrdhuntur.Quinernbsp;dtpud ueteres Romdnos'non �itffe ufum dccumbendi, fed po�ed luirosdi� i'nbsp;fcum(gt;eree(xptff�,cr mulieresfedere, quad turpis uifus e� in muliere/ic*nbsp;eubttus^AU�or tfti�dorusltbroEtymologidrum lo.exVdrronctdeuii'^ \nbsp;popult Romdni. Et Cdtonem Vticenfemmunqudmidcuijfcnt�dormitur��* jnbsp;fedfedtffqpo� coeptd ciuilidbelld,er duditdmPhdrfdlicdmclddem,fcri��nbsp;bitPlutdrchusin ip�usuitd.Neq; tdmenuclim exi�imdri!nudps ettmede'*nbsp;rent idcui�e,qudmuis itdfeulptores exprefferint. id eerie c�vccrunt,uti dr /nbsp;tispluildppdreret, ibimufculos,uends,flexuselucereierdtnecejfe, pdnnanbsp;iutem operireiquodeffingerenon potuiffe/eredibile �t, etus uero uelfu�inbsp;tionemd fedliendmej�oportere exi�imdbdnt .Dehisrebus/cum dd Pdu*nbsp;Ium louium Nouocomenfem,uirumer diferti�imum, erߑf�^emno�rimtnbsp;feculumtuli^o�^'iisofAretuhffemC foleo enim nonrdr�/meidmdnti�i*nbsp;inum inuifcre,i7po� leddsfpukherrim�,er omnibus numeris dbfolufift

illi in le�liilfedcrcnl (quod cum /icereimenfa humiliore uidi, Gertn^nosiin bypocduftis morem dicebat ferudffe ) hi lt;tutem noftrifedili^nbsp;lus utdntur, Notdrt dutem Hordt idno di�io uerfu/conuiudtoris dudriti^,nbsp;quifribm ledif,id eft,(ut inter pretdntur iIli)jirdtK fedilibiu, uolebdt fnbsp;ndreduodecii�, potiitfiqudm^udrtMnleiHumcrmenfdr� �ernere,ccu nonbsp;dtnplior effe deberet ledui,qudmqui tres cdperet nifidngu�e Ef cert�iinnbsp;Ipeciem uideri po�it ed fentent id plaufibilis-.fed eu neq^ cuiufyudm fcrtptonbsp;ris,ne^HeterismdrmorisdudoritdtiMnitdtur, hdud�ioidn temer�dni*nbsp;pleilendd�t,Aniindduertoettimidcutjfe,dutnonfedijfe^tnosfolemus,ilt;inbsp;e�, ut Jpind cum �moreire�um dngtdum efficeretnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;item �mur cum ti*

iid(ndmide(fefcdere'docuitGjlenuilib,deufupdrtiumcorporisf.)�d d�cntis dliquando cruribus, nonnunqudm/dextro poplitei^uum priemennbsp;tesgenu�nterdum/complicitis cruribus indlternds uici�itudines,dliqMn^nbsp;doiincoxdntes feu co�im in�dentes ( licedt enim mihi.�c ueterd, dt certinbsp;fignificdntidPomponij uerbd/renoudrecymoBtre) quo ge�u federe fo*nbsp;lent fdrtoreSjCy' Turcdf ederejconjfexi VenetijsPlures etidm tribusinle*nbsp;�o dccubitoria idcuijfe�ndicdt lAdrtidHs Epigrdmmdtum Itbro $, �tnbsp;Vidmurrdnt^

dliertbdtur tUdrmurm/quod le�us, quem, compdrdre ueUefuideri opttt idt, minui quddrdret^cum fex tdntum cdperet, ip�us dutem menfdrdmpli*nbsp;or effetdtquecdpdciordllis tdmen fuccenfendu/m non drbitor,� dntiquonbsp;rum morem/no�ro tempori, quo dd eitu fieri potuit, dccommoddre�u^nbsp;duerint, Potuit dutem eo�dliquid mouiffe, quoi diutius er diligentius pernbsp;ferutdntibm dtque re�iud confulentibu^dtis�iHuriim non erdt. Dc menbsp;hoccert� profiteor ^nwltdsincidif� fiepius in mentem fententids, qudfnbsp;tum quidemimdiorem in modum probduerim ; de eis uero^cumfeuerius ernbsp;txd�iusinqiiirerem, erroresinueni/inedpdrteipfd,quetpot�imu'm de�nbsp;ualdecd�igdndos, lAutinen�iim(qH()dpul(herrim�.uidebdn�-

fubiunxi. B �ltimdinesomniumconclauiorum.] froconclduiumdiilumefiiUariittaflexione^ C Sinautemcxhedrj.]nbsp;Exhedra enirni�^ celldmfignificat ad colloquendum,attt mcridiandimt, idnbsp;tflmeridtedof'enbsp;mictjdii. Cicero^nbsp;j.de Orator e denbsp;Cotta loquens^nbsp;Cum dedita openbsp;raKjuitfc��bittnbsp;alijsineamEx*nbsp;hedr� uentjjct,nbsp;in qua, CraJJuinbsp;le�ulopof�torenbsp;cubuijjet. Dnbsp;Aut ceci quanbsp;drati fucrint]nbsp;inOecisificbantnbsp;conuiuiauirilia,nbsp;ut infra cap. to,nbsp;ait, unde Afaro �nbsp;ton oeconiuosnbsp;cat Pliniiulib,nbsp;iS.cap.if.quafinbsp;dicas'nonfcopisnbsp;mundalum,nonnbsp;uerfum quod i

qttlt;e frient canuerri,e teflulittindisin pauimentoerant elaiorata, nbsp;nbsp;ue

lMipurgeanenliic�neeincQreli�la,reprefrntata^\StatiiuPapiniiifSybt Mrum lib.i,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�Subcunt^ noutfafarotafigurK-.

^edc^ matres�miliarimtcum Idnifim inoccis haberefrfrioncs^,illdeo^ dem cap.io.frripfrrat, uteorwntomninotiotnineintelligamut, quaaSa�nbsp;fat/plcbeia uoce uocamut , 4 faltando, ut ptdat Baptifta Albertui, quod innbsp;fifinuptiaruntCTCOuiuiorumalacritdilcelebretur.E Curua lacuna�nbsp;�iaiad circinum delumbata.] ldell,curuaquidem,frd non ad per��nbsp;a

fi�4mrotund�tiottcm,humilifercon�rnicittd, F Imponenda con* tignario, fuper eamcoaxario. ] fdHd tignorum tcxturd, fe��esnbsp;tabulie(.iJUie.dxesQrlt;i�es\dicuntur)[uprdftdtuend�,cr clduis con�gen^nbsp;dt.Qt^d dutcm�t mdterid dd codxdtionem utcndum ,docebit cdp.i, lib.r.

IVNTautemeti�nonlcalicxconfuerudinis/oecj,quos Gr�ci/xv^jKdvwVappellant. Hi collocantur/fpeAancesadnbsp;feptentrionem,amp; maxime uiridia profpicientes, ualuascp hanbsp;bene in medio� Ipfi auteni'fiiu ita longi amp; lati, uci duo tricii/

Oecorttw Corintbionbsp;rw�,feunbsp;Aegyptionbsp;rum, Gr�nbsp;CO morenbsp;perflru^nbsp;(l�ac pernbsp;orndtd, dfnbsp;�guratto,nbsp;^��cr Cinbsp;zicenorSnbsp;4icitur�

DE ARCHITEC. LlB. VI. 37� m'a,aim circuitiohibus inter fe ipcftantia,poflintenecollo*nbsp;cata, habcanrc^ dextra ac finiftra/lumina fene�rariim ualuagt;nbsp;� ta,uriuiridia delcftis/perCpacia feneftrarumprofpiciantur.nbsp;Aln'tudineseorum'dimidia latitudinis additaconfticuantur.

In bis �dif�ciorura gencribuslomncs funt facicnd� car� fytn nietriarum rationes, qu�l�neimpcdinone lod fieri poterunt.nbsp;Luminacjparietum airitudinibus,G non obfcurabuntur,fa/nbsp;cilitct

cilitcr crunt cxplicata. Sinautem impedicnturabanguftqs, autalijs nccclBradbusjtum opuscrit,ucingcnio �i acuminefnbsp;de fy mmctrijs detradioncs,aut adiediones fiant, ut non dif/nbsp;fim�esuerisfymmetrijs perficiantur ucnuftates,

A Oeci,quos Graeci Ku^irkvous.] Kv^iKKVou�s,id e� Cyzicenos,2 Cyzicoloppido Milc�olrumin Propontide,4u�ore Plinio cap-ultimolib.'fnbsp;�uit dutcnt nobtk, arce,rncenibuf, portu, turribuiq^ marmoreii,ut trdditnbsp;tlortu. B Vtiuiridiadetedisiperfpaciafencftrarum] Eaalif^nbsp;Viriddrid�ppe�ant i funt dutcm locdluirentibus urboir�bus confitd. Viri*nbsp;didriosiVlpidnut Pdnde�.lib,i},defundo in�ru�OfUocdt prd�iloscu*nbsp;rdndisuiriddrijs.Stdcorrigendus c�(ut opinor)hic locut,proq^tc�isienbsp;gendtvm le�n, fcilicet prodccubitorijs, e quibtMc�iidntesjpeddre (ybnbsp;uds,ptdtdnones,pomdrid,dut hortos per �ne�rdrum locd po�i, cupiebdtnbsp;Vitruuius. C Tumopuscrit.utingenioamp;acumine] Lcge^utfnbsp;hue pertinent ftipra, cdpa.Qrlib.sslt;tp�7t

AD CLVAS COELl REGIONES/Q^VAECLVB ^di�ciorum generd fpe�dre debednt, ut ufuicrfdlubritdti /nbsp;finttdoncd^ CAP. VI/.

NVNC cxplicabimus/quibus proprietatibus/genera �dificlorum ad ufum amp;coeli regiones apte debeantfpenbsp;dare.HybcrnatriciiniaZamp;balnearia occidentem hybernumnbsp;fpeftent.ldeo,quod uefpertino luminc opus eft uti; pr�terea 'nbsp;quod etiam fol oteidens/aduerfum habens fplcndorem,calonbsp;rem remihenSjcfficituefperrino tempo re/regionem tepidio^nbsp;rem. CubiculaSi bibliothec�/adorientem fpedare debent,nbsp;Vfuscnim/matirdnum poftulat lumen .Iterndn bibliothecisnbsp;libri non purrefcent.Nam in his, qu� ad meridiem amp; occi^nbsp;dentem fpcdanr,atineisamp;humoretiitiantur,quod uentihu^nbsp;midi aduenientes/procrcant eas amp; alunr,infundenresc� huminbsp;dosfpiritus/pallore uolumina corrumpunt,Tricliniauernanbsp;amp;autumnalia/adorientem,Cum enim prxtenta luminibus,nbsp;aduer,'��

DE ARCHITEC. LIB,, VI, ^73 , aducrfus foils impetusprogredicns ad ocddentcm, cfFfcit canbsp;tempcrata ad id tempus,qiio opusfolitum eft un,Aeftiua/adnbsp;Ieptentnoncm,quod ea rcgio(non ut reliqu�, qii�pcr fblfti^nbsp;tium/propter calorcm efticiuntur �ftuof3e)eo'quod eft auer#nbsp;fa a foliscurfu,(�mperrefrigerata,i5ifalubritat�^amp;uolupta^nbsp;tem in ufii pr�ftat,Slon minus/pinacoihqc�, Si plumarior�nbsp;textrin�, pidorume� ofFicin�, ud colores eorum in opere,nbsp;propter conftanti� luminis,immucata permaneant qualitatc,nbsp;A N N O T A T 1 O N E S.

A Hyberna tricliniaiamp;balnearia,] Triclinia,ut non edctemfunt omnia,[ed pro4nnitempoributimutantur,itd uarias call regioncsfpc�a�nbsp;re debent. Ae�iuaiitti obuerti debent,ut excipiant feptentrionem, Vernanbsp;Zy Autumnilia,orientcm, BybernisioccidentembybernumdariuultVi�nbsp;truuiM,alijsmdgisplacetmeridianumSolent. B Ecplumariorumnbsp;textrin�. 3 Plumarios,funtqui�plumaetacudt�osputant,Alif�p!u^nbsp;tneis culcitrif. �Slosexiflimamusieoru nomineinteBigi, qui tomenta quodnbsp;cunquegeniis uefiiiaut flraguli'confirilumiinculcatumueiacupittgunt,nbsp;Eosno�ri x pun�is pun�ores uocant. Nampolymitariosidiuerfoseffenbsp;cenfemi�� plumarijs; utcunque plumari/tiarijs fills utantur j fiint illiquianbsp;dem(ut exiflimamusj texlorcs qui in texendoiltcqs j id efi filis,diuerforuinnbsp;colorum utuntur.CerteD.Hieronymus,Hcrmotdus, et P.gnatiM,pluma�nbsp;riosicr polymitariospro eifdemintelligunt,�liciorum multipliduarieto*nbsp;rr,/x,?TOo- enimfilum fiue licium fignificaK

lyT PRIVATORVH ET COMMVNIVM AEDI� ficiorutnproprijslocis, generibus/adquafeun^perfioanbsp;narum quaUtatestconucnientibiu.

CV M ad regiones c�liita ea fuerint difpoGt3,tunc etiam animaduercendum cft,qiubusrationibus;priiiatis �digt;nbsp;ficijsfpropria loca patribusfamiliarum,amp;qucmadmodumnbsp;communia cum cxtrancis,�dificari debeant. Namquecx hisnbsp;ejuepropria funt, in eation eft poteftas omnibus introeundi,nbsp;nift inuitatis; quemadmodu funtcubicula,triclinia, balne�,nbsp;mm

c�teracj,lt;5�J�cafdcm habent ufus rationes. Communia au � �cm funt, quibus 'etiam inuocati/fuo iure de populo poffuncnbsp;�enircjid eft,ueftibula,caua �di�, periftylia qu�cp eundeninbsp;habere poffiint ufum : igitur hislqui communi funt fortuna,nbsp;non neceffaria/magnifica ueftibula ,nec tablina,nequc atria,nbsp;quod hi/alijs officia praeftant/ambiundo., qu�iabalijs ambi^nbsp;unnir. Qui autemfrudibus rufficisferuiunt, in corum ucftigt;nbsp;C bulis(ftabula,tabern�,in aedibus-cryptx,horrea ,apochecae,nbsp;caeterac^, qu� ad fruAus ieruandos magis,quam ad elegantnbsp;liaedecorempoffunteffcjitafuntfacienda. Item fccneratori#nbsp;busamp;publicaniszcomm.odiora Si fpeciofiora,amp; abinfidqsnbsp;tUCa.Forcnfibus autcnvSc dlfertis, elegantiora/amp; fpaciofiora^nbsp;adcanuentuscxcipie,ndos.N�bilibusuero,qui honores manbsp;gi�ratuscjgcreniioJpraeftare debent officia ciuibus, faciendanbsp;funtueftibula �icgalia,altaatria,.amp; periftylia ampliffima,fylgt;nbsp;Wf, ambulalionesc^laxioresfaddccorem maieftatis perfedf.nbsp;Praeter�abibliothecaSjpinacothecas, bafilicas, non diffimilinbsp;modo/quanipublicorum operum magnificentia compara#nbsp;tas,quodin,domibuscorum/fjpius�ipublicaconfilia,amp; prinbsp;uatatudiciaarbitriac�/conficiuntur., Ergo/fihisrationibu�^nbsp;adftngulorura generumpcrfonas�uoinlibro primo dedecOnbsp;rc eft Icriptum) ita difpofita erunt �dificia, noncrit/quodnbsp;prehendacur.. Habebunt enim ad omncsresycommodas�inbsp;cmcndatasexpIicationcSiEarum autem rcr�/hon..folum er�rnbsp;in urbe/�dificior� rationes, fed ctiam(ruri,prastcrquam quodnbsp;in urbe/atriaproximaianuis folentefle : ruri ucro.pfeudour#nbsp;banis ftatim periftylia,deinde tune atriaihabentiacircumzpotnbsp;licuspauimcntatas, ipedantesad paleftrasamp;ambulationes.nbsp;Quo ad potufurbanas rationes �dificiorumifummatim pe^nbsp;fcripfi,ut propofu�.

A Quodhiialijs officiapr�ftantambiundoqu� abal�j� ambiunt, ] HcdiocrM�rtunlt;e hommts,tjuieiab humiboribui officiatstnbsp;feilant,utfalutationes,edimaioribui pr�flant;de ^ua reiextatUpidi�imttnbsp;VidrtulisEpi�ramma.iniMximumIibroit

Capto tudm(pudetheu)feJcaptoMaxifHlt;{otnam, Tutoptof aliMfiamfumui ergo pares,.

Suiw comes ipfe tuu5,tttmidi^ dntedmbulo r�gis, Tucomes dlteriuf,idm fumas ergo pares.

In �dibusCryptf.] Cry pwdicunturfoffete�udindtafabteifi l'dneie,dut coftcdua locd,cr fcrobes^ubi triticum conditur.Nam utfcribitnbsp;Vdrrolib.i.c4p.s7.dere rtfiicd, Quidamihabentgranariafab terris utinbsp;f})eluncds,(ittdsuocdnt Siros~. dbjfutuntur ad id puteis. C AporhccxJnbsp;Sunt c�da uinaviajid efl, ubiMnum 0- ferudturicr uenditur. D Rurinbsp;�cropfeudoarbanis ftatrm periftylia.] Vida, au�oreColumel*nbsp;Idlibro.t.cdp.s.intreis diuiditurparteis,vrbdndm,ru�icdm, /ru�unbsp;ariam.Pfeudourbanafiue urbana, ea t�da eft pars, quam fibipaterfami�nbsp;�(M referaat} pratoriumuocatur d PaUadio libro, i, cdp.s.cz �Nerdfionbsp;lurifcon. Pande�.ltb.s.deferuibruflic-pradiorum, Rufticdpdrs,uidicinbsp;tll!cyfimtlia,ibi fM Bubilid. Equilid,Ouilia,Caprilid,omae denique r u�nbsp;*fticuminllrumentum.�ru{{uaridpars,continetcedamolearidm,torculd*nbsp;rid,ceddm umariam,dejrutdriam, f�nilta,palearia^, es- dpothecas, cynbsp;�Itorrea,

DE RVSTJCORVM AEDlFiClORVM RATIO ��ibus,g^ multarum pdrtHtsn eorum'defcriptionibas,atlt;^nbsp;ufibus. CAP. IX.

A quot;KTVNC/rufticanimcxpeditionum,utfintadulumconi modae,qiiibusCf!rarionibus/collocareoporicatcas,dinbsp;cam � Primum 'de falubritatibiisiuri in primo iioluminc'denbsp;mcenibuscollocandis'fcriptum c�^regiones afpiciantur,amp;nbsp;italiillae collocentur.Magnitudinfsearum'ad niodum agrf^nbsp;copiascj! fru�iium^comparennir. Chorees'magnitudinesi�nbsp;earum/ad pecoriim niimer�, afcf quot iuga boiim 'opus htefnbsp;rit �bl iierfarf,ita finiatur. In chortc/culina quam calidiff�monbsp;loco defignetur, Coniundaautem habcat tgt;u b 11 ia, quorumnbsp;mm tj

27�^ M. VITRVVff POLL� pr�fepia/adfocumfamp; on'entis c�li rcgtoncm fpcftent,idco�nbsp;quodboues/lumcn �c igncm fpeftand�, horridi nonfiiinr.nbsp;Item/agricol� region� impcriti, rian putanttoporcerealiam Bnbsp;regionem c�li boues fpeftare, nifiortum f�lis.Bubilium aunbsp;tem(debente(relatitudjnes,necminores'pedum deftum,necnbsp;matoresi'quindenum. Longitudo,uu fingula iuga, n� minusnbsp;occupent pedesfeptenos. Baincaria itcmfconiunfta fint culinbsp;nxjita eniin/lauaiionisrufticae miniftratio/non erft longe.nbsp;Torcular itemiproximum fitculinf, ita enina/ad oleariosfru qnbsp;�ftuscotnmodaeric minifiraciOjhabeatc^coniunAan] uina^nbsp;riatn cellamihabentem ad feptentrionemilumina feneftraru.nbsp;C5 enim alia parte habuen'c/qua fol calefacere poQ�t; uinuoinbsp;quoderitineacella/confufum abcalorc,efFicieturimbecibnbsp;lum.Oleariaautemita eft collocanda, ut habeat a meridiecanbsp;lidiscjregionibus lumen.Non enina/debet oleum congelari,nbsp;f�d temporecaloris/cxtenuari. Magnitudines aurem earum p,nbsp;adfruftuumrationem,amp;numerumdoliorum,funtfacien!gt; gnbsp;d�,* qu�/cum fint cullearia,per medium occupare debentpO

G desq^uaternos.Ipfumautcmtorcular,f�non cochleis torques F tur,fcduelt;�libus6iprclo/premitur,neminuslongumpcdcs Hnbsp;quadraginra tonftituatur.Ita �nim/erit uediario/fpaci�m ex#nbsp;peditum.Latitudo eius/ne minus pedum fenumdenum, namnbsp;ficeritadplenumopusfacientibus^liberauerfatio �C expedigt;nbsp;ta.Sin aurcmduobus prelisloco opusfuerit, quatuor amp; ui#nbsp;ginti pedes latiiudinid�tur. Ouilia'amp; caprilia^ta magna funtnbsp;facienda , ut fingula pecora/are� ne minus pedes quaternosnbsp;(emipedem ,ne plus fenos;poffint habere. Granaria�ubh7nbsp;�nara,5lt; ad feptentrionem, aut aquilonem fpeftantia difpogt;nbsp;nantur.Itacnimfrumenta!nonpoteruntcito concalcfcere,fednbsp;afflatu refrigerataldiu feruanrur.Namq; c�tcr� regiones/pro^,nbsp;cr�ant curculionem,amp;reliquasbcftiolas, quasfrumentisnbsp;lentnocerc.Equiliaquammaximeinuina,iibilocacalidifli iCnbsp;ma fuerintjConftituantur ,dumfne ad focum fpeAent. Cumnbsp;enim iumentafproxime'ignem ftabul�tur,horrida Hunt. Item /nbsp;non funt inutilia pr3efepia,qu�tollocantur extra culinam innbsp;apertOjCOntraorientem.C�enimin hyeme annizfereno c�lo �nbsp;inea.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. VE 277 �n eatraducuntur,marut�no/boues adiblem pabulum capi#nbsp;enteSjfiunt niddiores.Horrca,f�niIia,farraria,pi(trina,extranbsp;uillam facienda uidentur;ucab ignis pcriculoifini uill� tutionbsp;��es. Si quid delicarius/in uiilis faciend�fuerir,cxiymmetrrjs,nbsp;qu� in urbanis fuprafcripca funt conftituta, ira ftruantur, utnbsp;fineimpedittone ruftic� utiliratis/�dificentur, Omnia �difigt;nbsp;cia'ut luminofa fine oportet curari;fedqu� funt ad uillas,facinbsp;liora uidentureflcjideo'quod paries nullius uicini pote� pb#nbsp;ftare.In urbe autem,aut communium parietum altirudines,nbsp;autangufii�lociiimpediundo�ciuntobfcuritates, Iracjdcnbsp;earefic erit experiendum K�x qua parte/Iumenoporteacfuifnbsp;mere, linea tendatur/ab altitudinc parieris^ quLuidetur ob�nbsp;ftare,adeum lociim^cui/luinenoporceat immitterciamp;f�abeanbsp;linea, in altitudinem cum profpiciatur, poterit fpacium purinbsp;c�liamplum uideri,ineolocoilumencric fine impeditione,nbsp;Sin autem officient trabes, feu lfmina,aut contignationes,denbsp;fuperioribuspartibusaperiatur,amp; itaimmittatur.Etad fuinnbsp;mamdtaeff gubernandum, ut equibulcuncp partibust�lumnbsp;profpici poterit, per eas'feneftratum loca relinquantur, Gcnbsp;cnimluridaerunt �dificia.Cum autem in triclinijs'c�tcrisc�nbsp;conclauibus'maximuseftufus luminum,tum etiam initinegt;nbsp;nbus,cliuis, (calisq!,quodinhis/f�piusalijalqstobuiamue�nbsp;nientes,ferentes farcinasfi�lent incurrere. Quo ad potuidigt;nbsp;ftributionesoperum noffratium, uti Gnt�dificatoribus nonnbsp;obfcur�,explicui.biuncctiamquemadmodum Gr�corumnbsp;confuetudinibusf�diffciadiflribuantur ,uti non Gnt ignota,nbsp;fummatiin exponam^

A Nuncrufficarumexpeditionum,utfintadufum] Attl �U(iuid deefi, Mt muni/ifii�imuf e� fcl�ci/muf. kortaffefertptum crlt;(t,nbsp;Nwe rufiieorum expedit tones,ut ful)intelligeretur,^fditiciorum, aut nuncnbsp;fu�icasexpeditiones. Dixit enm(gt;riefcrip/tjjc urbuniis rdtioncs tcdi�cionbsp;fivm^n�potins referdlur ad uocabulutn rationes, quod nos exi�imamiM^nbsp;M �t capitis imtium,Primum de fa!ubritate,Vthincinte�igatur,incptam,nbsp;(/tcqutdgrauii(sdtcam)capittimf'e�ionem, B Itemagricol�regio�nbsp;mm

ays M. VITRVVII POLL, numimpcriti.] Aliquicodicefhabentperiti. C Habeatquccon*nbsp;iuH�;am uinariam cellam] CeUdm uinar�m/Septeatrionem fpe��nbsp;reoportere.fcribuntPliniui ltb.t4,Ciq}.2t.cr Palitduulib�i.cap.is. frinbsp;;gtd(tm ill�mquilt;iem,longf4balrtas,ftdbulis,frrno,ftcrqui!inifs. Columeinbsp;ia tarnen Itb. t. clt;(p .9. ApothecM/)re��fupcrponidit/hiilocif,unde pl^nbsp;�rum^ balnearumfitmus exoriatur^ quoniam uina celerius uetuftefrunt,nbsp;�quicfrimiquoelamtenorepriecoqHemmalurifatemtrahunt� D Etnu�nbsp;tnerum.amp;dcdiorunil Pofieriorcoiunilio'abunJat. E Qu�ciinJnbsp;fint ctillearia, ] CuHeareiMf, uiginttamphorMcontinet, amphora ailnbsp;temquadraginta fextariot. Dcctdeo/itafcribitFanniuis, Efl crbiidecief,nbsp;quem confi�t amphora noflrit Cvleuii,boc!nuUaefl motor menfuraltquo�nbsp;rii.Scd praflat hoc iocoipauciimenfurarum rationcm compleili. CuleUt 'nbsp;amphorae utginticapit,id efl bbras menfurlt;desmiUefexcentaf:Amphora�nbsp;vrnoi duM,id efldtbrM o�o�nta,lAinaCongios quatuor,td efl lihrat quanbsp;drdg!nta,Congiui fcxtariosfrx,idcftlibras decern. Sextaruuheminaidunbsp;at,id e/l �ibramet beJJ'em,ideftunctaituiginti,Hemina,qua(ycotyla,quafnbsp;tariotduoSftdeft unciatdecern. QuarOariufiacetabula duo,ideflunciatnbsp;quinque, Acetabulumifefquityathum,uncial duat cum dimidia. CyathutiUnbsp;gulatfiue cochlearia quatuor,td eftfefcunaam,drachmam,cr ftrupuIuM'nbsp;F Ipfum autem rorcular.] Q�odhicdefcribitur, diuerfumeflinonbsp;ftrietempeflatKtorcularibut.illudetiamfr:iendumcfl^Torculum,Torcifnbsp;lor, e^rTorcutarium did � Columella, PliniOfCrCatone. G Sinonnbsp;cochlcis torquetur.] Cochletefunt,perqudfclauiculdtimflriatif,fr*nbsp;ratum pradum^ey ipfum ftn-atm, atioBitur cydemittiturin torculari,nbsp;ue�iariftfucculamuerfanttbuifeupotituergatarn.Seddehislib.io-Suntnbsp;autem ue�ef/traie�i per eat machin�t baculi, unde uocati ue�iarij. Hnbsp;Sed ueftibus 8C pr�lopr�mitur. ] Scribit Seruiut Georg, t*nbsp;Pralaieffetr.dbes,quibut/uuaiamcalcatapremittir. l Granariafub�nbsp;limata] Scribit Varroreirufl.lib.t. cap. f7. triticumcondioporterenbsp;ingranaria fublimia, qua/perflentur uento:ab exortu,acSeptentrionumnbsp;regione,adquienu�aaurahumida� propinquis lociiafturet. LegeCo^nbsp;tumellam'lib.t.cap.6.Plinium lib.IS cop.js.Palladiuml/b.t cap-i^. �nbsp;Equiliaquam maxime in uilla,ubiloca] Equorum flabulaiuvttnbsp;Pi^diusldi.i.cap.u-itd meridional plagai resteert, ut non tarnen ege^nbsp;antSe^

Septentrionii lummibus,qu�per hyemtm cldufano noceMt,ptmll4 ttm pate�Hanfrigerent, PlancM habere roboreof /uppo�tof cum ftra�nbsp;fnine,utiaccntibiKimolle�t,�antibufiduru/m. JL Horrca f�niJia,nbsp;farFaria,piftrina,cxtrauiUana] HocetiamPalladiuslib.i, cap.ji^nbsp;tlcf�nili,paleario,CrIignario^ddmonet. M. Linea tendatur ab alt�nbsp;tudincparicris,] ldeflfitnKulus,re�tcullt;t,quain�gni�cationeutitwnbsp;tton�emel. N Sinantem officient trabesfculiminia.] Seribennbsp;bumlimina,profuperlimnaribHS,utcapiteultmohuiushbrt,EtapudPlinbsp;ttium Itb.i�, cap,i4..Diffici�tme hoc contigit in limine ip�gt;, quod�ribusnbsp;impane bat. Vnde varrocap.4,lib,i.derc ru�icdtUocat limen in�riitf,utnbsp;fli�cerncret 4 �uperiorit.

UE GRAECORVM AEDIFIClORVM EORV�a^ qtu partium difpofitione, at^ue dt�erentibus nominibui,nbsp;[atis ab itaLcis moribm er u�buiidt�crvnbsp;pMtibiu.^ CAP. X.

AT RI IS Gr�ct�quia non utuntur, ncc^noftris morw busxdificantjfcdab ianuaintroeuntibus, itinera faci#nbsp;untilaritudinibusnon fpaciofis,amp;.exuna partefcquilia, �C exnbsp;akerahoftiarrjs cellasjftatimt^^ianua^ interioresffniuntiir.Hicnbsp;autetn locus inter duas ianuaamp;gr.a:ce�ujuft7o�appellatur. Dc^nbsp;inde fed Introitus in perid � lion; Id peridyltumfin tribusnbsp;ebus habet porticus^in ea parte qu^ipcAac ad meridiem, du�nbsp;asantas'inter fe ijjacio ampio didaes, inquibustrabesinue^nbsp;huntur,amp; quantum inter antasdidar,ex eo/tertia demptailpanbsp;cium datur introrfiis.Hic locus,apud nonnullos -n^oyiejapudnbsp;alios'Troyw�enominatur. In-his locis�ntrorfusc�ditu�tur ccclnbsp;magni �, in quibus'matresfamiliarum cum lanificrjshabent iefnbsp;P fiones.In prodadas aiitem dextra acfinidratubicula funtcol

Iocata,quorum unum,ihalamus,altcrtim'amphithalamusdi D jj citur. Circum autem inporticibus'tricKnia quotidian3,cu^nbsp;biculactiam amp;ceIl�familiarie�tondiruuntur.Haec parsed!nbsp;ficijjgyncconitis appellarur. C�iiinguntur autem hi^omusnbsp;atnpliorcsfbabentes. latiora pcridyiia,.in quibus'paresliintnbsp;quatuoM

quati�or porncusaln'tudinibuSjaut iinaqu� ad meridi? fpe^ (J Aat'cxcelfioribus cokimnis conftituitur. ld autem pcriftylifnbsp;Um,quod imam akiorem habet porcicum, Rhodiaciim ap^nbsp;peltatur. Habcnt autem e� domus/ueftibula egregia, amp;ia#nbsp;nuas proprias cum dignitate,porticuscj! periftyliorum,albanbsp;rijs/�CteAorijs^ SCexinteftino operelacunarijsornatas,�Cinnbsp;porticibus^qux adi�ptentrioQcm fpedanr,tridinia Cyzice^nbsp;na,amp; pinacothecas : adorientem autc'bibliothecas, exedras 'nbsp;adoccidentem, ad meridiem uero ipcAantes/tecos quadratnbsp;toSjtam ampla magnitudine^uti faciliter in eis, tricl in ijs qua^ flnbsp;tuor ftratis,miniftrationum 4 ludorumep operis, locus polfitnbsp;efle fpaciofus.In his oecisfiunt uiriliac�uiuia. Non enim fuenbsp;rat inftitutum, matresfamiliarum (eorum m^ribus accumbenbsp;re.Hxc aut5periftyliadomus,andronitidcsd{cuntur ,quodnbsp;in his uiriifine interpellationibus mulierum'uerfantur. Prxfnbsp;tereardextra ac finiftra/domunculae lt;onfticuuntur,habentesnbsp;proprias ianuas,triclinia,amp; cubicula commoda,uti hofpitesnbsp;aduenientes�non in periftylia,fed in eahofpitaliatecipiantur.nbsp;Nam cum fuerunt Gr�ci)dclicatioresiamp; ab Fortuna opu�en#nbsp;tiores, hofpidbus aduenientibusinftruebant triclinia, c�bicUnbsp;la,cumpenucellas.Prirnocjdieadc�nam inuitabantjpo^nbsp;. fircmotmittebantpullos,oua,olera,poma,rcliquasquere�nbsp;agreftes, IdeopiAores,eaqu3e mittebanturhofpitibuspiftu^nbsp;��ae. ris imitantes, xenia appellaucrunt.Itapatrcsfamiliarum^nnbsp;hofpitio non uidebantur efle pcregre,habentcs fecretam innbsp;his hofpitalibuSlibertatem.Inter b�c autem pcriftyliaSi ho#nbsp;fpitalia,itinerafunt,qu�(mefaul3c dicuntur,quod inter duasnbsp;aulastnediafuntinterpof�ta. Nol�riautemteasandronasap!^ Inbsp;pellant. Sed hoc/ualdceftmirandum ,nccenimgr3ecenecnbsp;latine poteft id c�uenlre.Grjci enim �vi^/Svwappellantoecos,nbsp;ubi conuiuiauiriliafolcntcire,quod comuliercsnonacce�nbsp;dant Jtem alif rcsifiint fimiles,uti xyftus,prothyrum, telamO'^nbsp;n�s, �C nonnulla alia eiufmodi, {vs-clt;r enim grxca appellationnbsp;nc,cftporticus ampla latitudinc, in quaathlctx per hybernanbsp;temporacxcrcentur. Noftri autem/hypxthras ambularionnbsp;n�s,xylios appellant,quas GrxcirBY(//ogt;�i/ls�r dicunt, Itemypronbsp;thyra

^^y�'2ggt;'�ccd(cuntur,quacfuntanteinianuisiieftibuIa,No� le autem appcllamusprothyra,qiif grfcedicuntur/raJigj�. Itemnbsp;L fi qua uirili figura fignamutulos aut coronas fuftinenr,noftrinbsp;telamones appellanr;cuiusraciones/quidita,autquare,exhi�nbsp;ftorijs non inueniunturjGr�ci �cro/eos arx^r^tr uocitant. Atgt;nbsp;lasenimhiftoriceformatur fuftinens mundum,ideo quod isnbsp;pn'mumfcurfum folis �i lun�, fyderumq^ omnium ortus amp;nbsp;occafus,mundicj uerfaiionum rationes,uigoreanimi^folergt;nbsp;tiac^ curauit hominibus tradcndas;eacj re/a. pidoribus �i ftagt;nbsp;tuarijs deformatur, pro co beneficio, fuftinensmundum, figt;nbsp;li�cp e�us Athlantides(quas nos /Vergilias,Graeci autem 'ttXi�!nbsp;nominant) cum fydcribus�n mundo funt dedicat�, Necnbsp;tarnen ego,ut mutetur confucrudo nominationum^aut fer^nbsp;tnoniSjidcoih�c propofui,fed ut eattonf�nt ignora, philologt;nbsp;gis exponenda iudicaui. Quibus confuerudinibus/aedif�cianbsp;Italico more 5i Grgeorum inftitutisconformantur,cxpofui,nbsp;amp; de (ymmetrijs f�ngulorum generum proportiones perfcrigt;nbsp;pfi. Ergo,quoniam(dc uenuftatc decorec^�ntecfticriptum,nbsp;nunqexponerqus de firmitate,quemadmodumea'fineuicij�nbsp;permaneatjiSc ad uetufiatem collocetur�

A. Etexaltera.oftiarijscellas.] iuliuiPoNuxcdfjit.i.liMtt 'trddit^ldnitorislocum dici7rv�lt;aiiiQfi;f^feqiii 'Tt^oJ'jOiUOVcrTi^oau/nbsp;tter�iii�erioremejj�partent, quant�u!d-oua\iv ait ab Honte�nbsp;to uocariP-narratorautem Homeri Iliad. 9. hanc pro l�uflrata Sole por^nbsp;ticuinterpretatur. Eiuiihac funt uerba. S�aAa/xos /ojcm �'sm oz�nbsp;(��AbS,'?� J'tnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�utS -7i50(Pyo^�^,�a 9ou(Siri^isu'^op,

tout� �SZ'Tt^�s H�ioVTtTfa/xp.tVHSo�jTra��'Ae^^�t�-�JZjOHSZzfAs �yrc�az. B Conftituunturc�cimagni. ] Sertbendunt Oeci,denbsp;quibuffupra,crmox. C Quorumunumithalamus.] Viricrnbsp;iixoriscubiculuni,Thalantttnau�oreArthentidorolib.defontniorumin�nbsp;terpretationefecundo,cdp.io)quodad('oniniorumrationentattinet,uxonbsp;rent fignificat, aut fi non ell,dominum domud:ficut Andrones,inquibMinbsp;t�riuer[antur,cognatoscr[eruos,GyMciumueroferuax. D Alter�

Amphithalamus. ] Vbi �ncHlie^nequeemmlongiufdheJfe oportet, qiMmut uociitlt;e,extempl� audire po�int,crprieflo'd�iubentii imperilnbsp;ejfc- Hermotituf'dntithdldmut legit,quod PlittHi in Epifiolisproc�tion,nbsp;tfldntecubiculuwttocdt, E H�cpars�dificrj Gynxconitisapnbsp;pellatur. ] Grteditedi�cium inpartesdudi di�rilgt;uebdnt;ndminlt;juiinbsp;pdrteuiri�ne fcemindrunt mterpe�dtionibusucrfdbintur,tdtn Andro=gt;nbsp;nitidd dppeUdbdnt i ubi dutem congrtterent mulieres,Gynteconitidd uocd*nbsp;bdnt,Gyt!�c!ugt;n uidco ledmfitilfepdrtem�n qudinulieres prlt;ecipu� Idnifi'�nbsp;cio (y textrinieddbdnt operdm .Vnde legimmdpud PdulumDidconutunbsp;tib.s,ubide tJdrfetc loquitur, ei Augu�tiquod Eunucbus ejfetmdnddjfe,nbsp;ut cumpucH�inGyniectoldndrum penfd�ceretdiuidere. inde Vdlenti^nbsp;nidnutcrVdlenslmperdtoreilib.i. Cod.de mur ici legulis^ (y Gyndceosnbsp;inteU{guntGyniecidrios,quifceminismixtiiedoperdexercent. F Ha*nbsp;tenteslatioraPeriftylia.] Dixi^eriflylium^locumeJJifeptumco�nbsp;iumnis^Addit luliits Pollux libt.cdp .s,dici ey w�^ix�ovttjqu�tl suA�'

Kmp pro eodem Grueci ufurpdnt, uocdri dutem fecundum Atticos !sr^!$oop,quidsoa,7e'?lt;6�^xiiide�ldtusfigni�cet,G Paresfiintquanbsp;tuorporticisaltirudinibus.] Scribendumporticui. H Vtifa�nbsp;ciliterinciSjtriclinij s quatuor ftratis. ] Triclmiumlprole�odi*nbsp;fcttbitoriofiuedccubitorio dixit, ut Vdrrolibro dereru�icdi.cdp.ij. B�nbsp;rdtlocutcelfus'ubiTricliniopo�toiccettdbdmui. Et lib.i.cdp fg,in^�nbsp;^uiddmetidmTriclinium �ernerefo!enticexndndicdufd,Alids�gni�cdtnbsp;tonclduc,utfuprdcdp.f.LtgidlM,ncc�iccKrritlocut,dpuddntiquot^nbsp;tret menfdifiii�e,unde er Triclinium uocdtum efJet,Primdm dominijuxonbsp;rislt;Uberorumqi,�ccunddmbol�itum,tertidmferuorim er dome�ieor�,nbsp;I Noftri autem/casAndronasappellant.] Androndf (inquit)nbsp;appeUdnt itinerdinter dulds,id e� dtrid, cum dndronGr�ecis locut fit do*nbsp;niicitijlongitudinedngu�ior,in quouiriplurimimordbantur, duilore Se�nbsp;xto Pompeio. Secundum dut em vitruuittm,oeci/ibi uirilid conuiuid �unt,nbsp;VideSuiddmer PoHucemlib.i.cdp. 8. ndmtyuirilidccnuiuididici An�nbsp;drondt,ditHermoldus. K Qu�Gr�cedicunturAaflu�oin.] SWnbsp;repdguld ligned,quiiusldrccntur eqtu tut currugt;sgt;db�dium ue�tbulis.An�nbsp;dreds Alcidtus lib. de uerb. figni�c. eo nomine intcUexit,qult;eiex tabulitnbsp;fon�ciuntilt;rdddrcenddjdumudlui�(^eriitntur,irrumpentid�-igord,dutnbsp;tabubirin�

tA.lyiilirumiiice ap{}ofiiditapctdi�uedul�d. L Noftri/Telamones appcllanr,cuius rationes ] idSeruiiu Aentid, � .ex Ennio cxplicae.nbsp;Ait enimiTehtmonem ldtmc,gr�ce Atldntddici, tAirivnt eftyitruuiumiinbsp;IdtuiJJi. M Fili�que cius Atlantidesfqiiasnos Vergilia�,nbsp;Gr�ciautcm'TrA�/'aJ'flts )nominant] OuidiusFdftorum^Uiirtt^�nbsp;Pkiddet'incipient humer os releudrc pdternos,nbsp;Qttie/eptem diet, fix tdmcncffefolcnt.

TideAuhimGe�iumlib.no�iumdtticdrum.ii.Vifruuiuslib.^.cdp-f, � dwtire uidetur,edsie�e in caudtt Taurhquod imitatur Pliniut lib, t.cdp^t,nbsp;cum tdmen Ouidius in Fisftis,crc�teritrddtint,polieriores pdriesttonutinbsp;lt;eri,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ouidif uerfusfuttt,

Vdccd�t,anTdurus,nonellcognofcerepromptumt P4n prior!dppdret,po�eriord Idtent,

Seu tdmen e� Tdurus�ue hoc e� f�mind �gno, lunone inuitdinunus dmorts h�bet.

A A Edif�ciaquf plano pedeinftitLi�rur,f� fundamenta eori3 fafta fuerint, irautiin prioribus librisjdemuro et th�anbsp;tris a nobis eft cxpofitvi,ad uetuftatS ea crunt fine dubitationnbsp;( ne firma.Sin autem hyp�gcac�camerationcscf/inftitucntur,nbsp;fundariones eorGjfieri dcbentcraffiores, qu�qu� in fuperionbsp;tibus aedificHs ftruftur� funt futur�,corumc:j parietcs,pilae,nbsp;Column�, ad pctpcndiculumdnferiorum medio collocennnbsp;tnr,uti folido refpondeant. Nam fi in pendentibus'onera fuenbsp;��int parietum aut columnarum, non potcrunt habere perpe ynbsp;tuam firmirat�: praetercalinter limina iecundu pilas amp; antas,nbsp;poftesfifupponentur,er.untnonuitiof3e.Liminaenfmamp;trannbsp;C bes'ftruduris cum fint oncratf,mediofpaciopandanres,frar�nbsp;� guntfua lyfiftrufturas. Cum aUtem fubiedifuerintamp;fubcunbsp;ncati poftes,n� patiuntur inGderctrabes,nec�cas lacdere. Itemnbsp;adminilirandum eft, uti leuent oniisparietum fornicationes,nbsp;cuncorum diuif�onibus,�i ad centrum refpondentes earumnbsp;nn i)

284 M. VITRVVn POLL. condufur�.Cumcnim extra trabes, autliminum capita,ar^nbsp;cuscuneiserunt conclufi,primum/non pandabit materieslci^nbsp;uata onerctdeindefi quode uetuftateuitium coeperit, fine mo fnbsp;litionc fulturarum faciliter mutabitur.Itcmquc/qu�pilarim fnbsp;aguntur aedificia, Sicuneorum diiiifionibus (coagmentis adnbsp;centrum refpondcntibus , fornices concluduntur , Extremnbsp;ni�pilaeinhislatioresfpaciofuntfaciund�, uti uireseaeha^nbsp;bentestefifterepofl�ntjcum cunei lab oneribusparietum prefnbsp;fi,percoagmcnta ad centrum fepr�mentcs)extruderintingt; �nbsp;cumbas.Itacpfi angulares pil�,cruntfpaciofis magnttudinQnbsp;bus,continendocuneos,firmitatem operibus pr�ftabunt.nbsp;Cum in his rebusianimaduerfum fuerit; uti ea diligentia innbsp;hisadhibeaturin�minusetiam obferuandumeft,utiomnesnbsp;ftrufturf perpendiculo relpondeant,neq; habcant in ulla parnbsp;teproclinationes.Maxima autem efie debetcura fubftrudi#nbsp;onum,quod in his'infinita uitia folet faccre/terrj c�gcftio.Eanbsp;cnim non poteft efie Temper uno pond�r�, quo 'l�kt efie pernbsp;aefiatem ; led hybernis temporibus/recipiendo ex imbribu�/nbsp;aquae multitudinem crefccns,amp; pondere^�c amplitudineidif^nbsp;ruinpit amp;cxtruditftrufturarumfeptioncs.It3c^(uthuicuitionbsp;medeatur,ficerit faciendum,utiprimumjpro amplitudinenbsp;.congeftioniSiCraflitudo ftrudur� conftituaryr:deinde,in fronnbsp;tibusantcridesfiueerifmae fintuna ftruantur ,e3ecf interfedi *nbsp;ftenttantofpacio,quanto/altitudo fubftru^ioniseft futura,nbsp;crafiitudine cadem'qua fubftrudio.Procurrant autcab imo,nbsp;per quam/craffitudoconftituta fuerit fubftruAionis,deinde)nbsp;.lt;ootrahanturgradarim,itautifummamhabeantprominennbsp;riamlqnsnfaoperiseftcrafritudo. Praetcrea/introrfuscon^nbsp;traterrenum, uti dentes coniunfti murorferratimfiruantuGnbsp;uti finguli dentes'ab muro tantum difccdant,quanta altitudonbsp;futura crit fubflrudionis. Craflitudinisautem habcant den^nbsp;tium firuftur�iucimuri.ltcmiin extremisangulistum recef^ jCnbsp;fum fiicritab interiorcangulo, fpacio altitudinis fiibftruAionbsp;ni^in utramej;partem fignetur, amp; ab hisfignisidiagonios ftriinbsp;Auracollocetur,amp; ab ea media, akera/coniun�a cum angiigt;nbsp;lo muri, ita dentesSi diagonix ftrufturxinonpatientur totanbsp;ui prx^

W� pr�mcre murum, fed dilTipabunt'retfncndQ impctum con gefHonis. Qiiemadmodum opcrafine uitijs oporreat congt;nbsp;ftitui, amp; uti caiieatur incipientibus, expofui;naincj;lt;de tegulisnbsp;auttignisauc a(renbusimfnutandis,n�cadcm cft curajquemnbsp;admodum dchis,qiiodeafcjuamuisfint uiciof�,faciliter muj�nbsp;tantur.Ita/qti� nee fblida qiiidcm putanturenr,qiiibus rationbsp;nibusih�c potcruntefle firma,amp;quemadmodiim inftituan^nbsp;tur,expofui. Quibus autem copiaium generibusoporteatnbsp;uti,non eft architcAi poteftas: ideo/quod non in omnibus lo�nbsp;cis,omnia genera copiarum nafeuntur, uti in proximo uolunbsp;mine eftexpofitum. Pr�rereaiin domini eftpoteftate,utrumnbsp;Iateritio,an cementicio,an faxo quadratouelit acdificarc.Ita# Opcritmnbsp;queomnium operum probationesitn'partiroconfiderantur, conftderdnbsp;ideft,fabrilifubtilitate,magnificcntia,amp;difpofitione. Cum tfo tripdfnbsp;magnificenter opus per fed urn afpicietur, ab omni poteftate, {{{4^nbsp;impenf� laudabunturtcum fubtiliter, ofFicinatoris probablnbsp;tiir exadiotcum ucro uenuftate, proportionibus,amp; iymme^nbsp;trijs habu�rit authoritarcm/uncffucritgloria architedi. Hatenbsp;autem rede conftituunturjcum is amp; a fabris,amp; ab idiotis^pa#nbsp;tiatur acciperefe confilia, Namejomnes homines, nonfol�nbsp;architedi, ejuod eft bonQ,poirunt probare : fed inter idiotas'nbsp;amp; eos hoc eft diferimen, quod idiota,nifi fadum uiderit, nonnbsp;poteft feirequid futurum finarchitedus autem, fimul animonbsp;lt;onftituerit,antequam incepcrit,amp; uenuftate,amp; ufu,ct decogt;nbsp;��e,qualcfirfuturum,habctdcfinifum. Quasrespriuatis�di''nbsp;fieijs utiles putaui,amp; quemadmodum fit faciendum ,quamnbsp;apertiftime porui,pcricripfi. De expolitionibus autem eorG,nbsp;tit fint elegantes,Si fine uitijs ad uetuftatemjin fequenti uolu�nbsp;dine exponam.

A Aedificia,quat�planopedeinftiruurur.] Udlib^7itdp.t, ft plinopede crit rudcrandumtCy cdp.4..eiufdcm lib. conclauibut^u^phninbsp;P�,pedi:fucrint,(tddifjvrentum(ontigiidtionut�. B SinautemHyenbsp;PogeaiConcamcrationisqueinftitucntur.lSMnf fubtcrrdnedifdinbsp;f�:idarcudto opcrc cxiruda, nt c�lllt;� Mttdriie,oleari�, cr �uftnodi. C

Medio fpaciopandantes- ] idefijincuruatteiey pon�criceJetltft, Eicontrjiriumle^ �rnicdri,id eft renin pondus fufttnere,in diuerfumcurnbsp;furi, D Franguntfub lyfiftruAuras.] Lego/autfud lyfi^ideftnbsp;folutione, dut fublifte, dut uocdbutum eft drchiteilomcum.dequibM iKnbsp;Proaemiolibri quinti Vitruuiuf uerbd�cit. E Sine molitionc fulninbsp;rarum.] Non necefteerttiddmouere tibicines cr fitlcimentd,fi quidint*nbsp;mutdndum eritt F Qu� pilacim aguntur �dificia, ] ld eft petnbsp;p�x�. Swtt dulempil,e�quddrdtte,qudt Grtsci/su^cesfioc eftftelas uocdnt,nbsp;quo nomineiuMur Plinius lib,s, cdp, is. Qudnqudm propri� dicuntutnbsp;ftdntes in monumcntiscolumne, Qj{lt;e dutem funt rotundie,uocdntufnbsp;Ki'oves et sv�oi,Apild�rmduit Cicero Philipp,t.oppildre,pro obftrMtnbsp;recfoccludere, d quo poftedirecentiores tAedicioppiUtionem dppeUd^nbsp;runtiecinorispr�du�,dtqueddeo;dliorumui�erumuitium^ G Petnbsp;coagmcnta ad centrum] AppeUdrc uidetur incitmbentes cuneos, idnbsp;eft,reltquos, prater medium, quiunusreiius, ideftadperpendiculuntdinbsp;centrumftrturtdut�quod omnino fentimus^dm pihe pdrtem,ubi drcus in*nbsp;nituntur, Udli impoftds db imponendouocdnt; quonominetetiamintelli�nbsp;guntur teftudtnum,�rnicHm,cr lunuldti generis cdmer�,�lilur�,(^ tie*nbsp;ferpendicult,prieteriddequolib.7.demonftrdbimus,eftdlittdgenw,qu9nbsp;explordturulldne ftt inftruilurd proclindtio�et dutemhocmodo.Sit re*nbsp;guldfper cuiut mediiwn,qudm longd eft,de�rmdti fit rc�dlined-.propen*

DE ARCHITEC. L� B, VI� zSr deat � �{oiplumbtmi;dt^ue utcommodiia fiatjn extrenbsp;ntd imdreguld^fti �rdinen,in^uod'intrarepp�it, autnbsp;aliudquippiam eiupnodi.Ea regulacuntddntouebianbsp;tur flru�urie,filt;}uidemre�d trit, �um � quo pendetnbsp;plumbum, tditgtt totdmdefcriptdm liiicam;fidliqudnbsp;inclinatio�erit,(^ipfumfilumUcceffi tft d lined di^nbsp;fcedere,eiuifigurdmddmdrginemddiecimut. I Annbsp;tcrides/f�ueErifm�fint.} tiosicontrd�rtidcrnbsp;drcm obn�entesfdtcimui, Udlij^ero�os,ceu�ntcalanbsp;cdrta,id eft obnitentes m�ris ptldfiuDCdnt. K In exnbsp;tremis ang�iis cum rcccflum ] Locumhunc,nbsp;indtcduimuslib.i.cdp.f. L Idcoquodin omninbsp;bus locis omnia genera 3 Legendumnegattue,nbsp;fcoc eft,non in omnibus locis.�dm lib,t.cdp.i-dixit,non omnibus locis/drenbsp;ttdm ft�itidm ndfti,dut ciemcntorum,dbietis,�appinorum, marmoris, co�nbsp;pidmejfe.Etin finefuperioris ltbri,depuluereputeoldno'hocipfummo*nbsp;ftuit, M OfRcinatorisexadio.] Officindtoripfiefdbereftiquitx�nbsp;tri�tiArcbite�i duttmtft urbitruri cr de�rmdrefid tft defignare,

AIORES;CyM SAPIENTER, TVN etiam unutcr inftituerun^per commenrario'^^nbsp;ru rclarioncsjcogirara tradcre pofteris.'utt canbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;-

non intertrenr,fed f�ngulis �tatibus'crefcen^ rtsjouic tia uoluminibus,�dita,gradatim perueni�

Namcj � nonitafcciflcnt, non potuiflcmus fcire, quae res fit Trofafuiffentgeftac^ncequid Thales,Democritus, Anaxa#nbsp;goraSjXenophanes, reliquic^ Phyfici fcnfiiTcnt de rcrum nagt;nbsp;tura ; quas� Socrates,Plaro, Ariftotcles, Zenon, Epicurus,nbsp;alijc^Philoiophi/hominibus agendas uit� terminationcsfigt;nbsp;niuiffent : ieuCi cefus, Alexander, Darius,c�tcrique reges,nbsp;quas res,aut quibus rationibus geff�flentjfuilTent not� : niflnbsp;tnaioresipr�ceptorum comparationibusomniummemogt;nbsp;rixadpo�eritatemcommentarris extuliflet, Itacpiquemad^nbsp;modumhisgrati�funtagendf,ficcontra, qui corum Icriptanbsp;furantes,pro fuis pr�dicant,funtuituperandi;quicp non pronbsp;priis cogitationibus nituntur fcriptorum, fed inuidis mori�nbsp;bus ialiena uiolantes gloriantur, no modo funt reprehendennbsp;di,fcd etiam quia impio more uixerunt, pcena condemnan �nbsp;di. Nec tarnen h� res non uindicat� curiofius ab anriquis clTcnbsp;memoranturiquorumexitusiudiciorumqui fucrint,n� eftnbsp;alienum^quemadmodum fintnobis traditJ^xplicarc, Regesnbsp;Attalici/magnis philologi� dulccdinibus indufti,cum egre^ Anbsp;giam bibUothccam Pergami, adcommunem dele(ftationemnbsp;inftnuilTenriTunc item Ptolcm�us,infinito zeloxupiditatis^nbsp;qu^incitatusAudio,hominoribusinduftrijsadeundemmo Bnbsp;dum contenderat Alexandri� comparare. Cum autem fuinnbsp;ma diligentia pcrfecifletjuon pui:auit,id fads efl�, nifi propagt;nbsp;gationibus in feminando curvet augendam. Itaque Mufis 3inbsp;Appolliniludos dedicauit,�amp; quern admodum Athlctarum,nbsp;ficcommunium fcriptofum uiftoribus pr�mia amp; honoresnbsp;Prlt;ewtilt; c�ftituft.Hisitainftitutis,c�ludiadcfl�enqiudiccsliterari,quinbsp;fcriptori= eaprobarenterant legendi,Rex,cum iam ex ciuitatc/fexlegt;nbsp;bin con� i Aos habui(ret,nec tarn cito Tcptimum idorteum inueniref,nbsp;retulit ad eos,qui fupra bibliothecam fuerant:lt;3i quefnt,fi qu�nbsp;nouiflentad id expeditum. Tunc cidixcrunt,cirequcndamnbsp;Ariftophanem, qui ifummo Audio fummacp diligcntiaquogt;nbsp;ridie omnes librosexordfnepcrlegcret. Itac^ih conucntultlnbsp;dorum,cum l�cret� fedesiudicibus eflent diAribur�,cum exnbsp;ten's AriAophanes citatns,quemadmodum fuerat locus ei denbsp;�gnatus,(edit. Primo Poctarum ordine ad certationem in#nbsp;duAo

reci'tar�cur fcn'pta, populus cunftus'fignificando nioncbat iudices quod probarent. Itac�tum ab f�ngulis fen*nbsp;tenn�funtrogat�jfcx una dixerunt. �t quem maxime ani#�nbsp;maduerterunt multitudini placuiflc,ei primum premium, itinbsp;fcquenrifecundum tribuerunt : Ariftophancs uero'cum ab eonbsp;lentenria rogaretur,c�m primum pronundari lulTic, quimf ,nbsp;nime populo placuilTer.Cumautemrcxamp;uniuerfi'uehcmen inbsp;terindignarentur,furrexir,amp; rogandoimpctrauit,utpaterettnbsp;t�rfedicere. Itac^ filenrio fa�:o,docuit^unum exhis'cumeffi:nbsp;poctam,c�tcros/aliena recitauifle. Oportere autcm iudicangt;nbsp;tes;nonfurta,fedfcripta probare.Admirantepopulo,amp;regcnbsp;dubit�tCjfretus memoria/ccercis armarijsit�f�nitauoluminanbsp;eduxit, amp; ca cum recitatis confcrendo'coegit ipfos furatos denbsp;fc conficeri� Itac^ Rexiufltt cum his agi furti, condemnatosc^ /nbsp;cum ignominia dimifit. Ariftophanem ueroamplifi�mis munbsp;ncribus ornauir,amp; iuprabibliothcc� conftituic. In fequend-'/jj*nbsp;bus annis'a Macedonia Zoilusjjquiadoptauitcognomcn,utnbsp;Homeromafiixuocitaretu^Alexandriam ucnir,fuacp(cripra* merom^nbsp;contra Iliadcm amp; Odiffeamcomparatarcgirecitauic. Pcole�nbsp;tn�usucrOiCum animaduertiiretpo�tarum parcntcm,philogt;nbsp;logi�c�omnis duccm^abi�ntem uexari,amp; cuius abcunAisnbsp;gentibus fcripta fufpicerentur, abeo uituperari, indignatus/nbsp;nullum cideditrefponfum.Zoilusautemlt;um diutius in rc^nbsp;gno fuilTet i nopia praelTus, fummifit ad regemipofiulans, utnbsp;aliquid fibi tribueretur.Rex ucro refpondiflc dicitur. Home#nbsp;tumjqui ante annos mille deccff�ffctj�uo perpetuomulta mil'nbsp;lia hominum pafcere. Item dcbere/qui meliori ingenio i� pronbsp;Eteretur,non modo fc un�,fed etiam pluresalere poiTe.Etadnbsp;lumm�,mors eius, ut paricidqdamnatt, uarie memoratur.nbsp;Alrj eum fcripfcrunt a Philadclpho efle in crucem fixum,non#nbsp;nulliin eum lapides effe conie�os, alijSmyrnae�iuum in pynbsp;tamconicAum,quorumiitrum ei accident,merend dignanbsp;confticit p�na.Non enim aliceriUidcrur promereri, quititacnbsp;*os,quorum rc{ponfum,quid fenierintfcribenfes,non poteftnbsp;coram indicari. Ego uero Cjefar,nec�alicnis indicibus munbsp;tads, interpofito nomine raco�d profero corpus, net� ulliu#

cogitata ukupcransjinftitui ex eomc approbate. Sed omni# bus fertptoribusinfinitas ago gradas, quod egregijs ingenionbsp;rum folcrtrjs ex �uo collads, abundantes alrjs alio gencrcconbsp;pias prjparaucrunt. Vnde nosfutifoncibushaurientes aqua,nbsp;amp;ad propria propofitatraducentesjf�cundiorcs^amp;expedi;*nbsp;liorcshabemus ad icribendum facultaresitalibusqj conf�dcnnbsp;lesautoribusaudemusinftirutiones nouas comparare. Igi^nbsp;turtales ingrelTus eotum habens, quos/ad propofici mei ra^nbsp;tiones animaduerti pr�paratas,inde lumendo progredi cafnbsp;pi. Namcj primum Agatarchus: Athenis Aefchylo docente,nbsp;trageediam fccnam fecit,amp; de eafcommentarium reIiquit.�Xnbsp;co moniu Democritus, amp; Anaxagoras,de cadem re feripfe#nbsp;runc,quemadmodum oporteatadaciemoculorum radios?nbsp;ruracpcxtenf�onem,certo lococcntro confiituto,adlineas ranbsp;done natural! rcfpondere:uti;dc incerta re cert j imagines aedinbsp;f�cioruminfeenarum piAuris redderent fpeciem: amp;qu�indinbsp;reAis planiscg frontibusfintfigurat�, alia/abfc�dcntia, alianbsp;prominentia cflcMideantur.PofteaSilenusde fymmetrh'sDonbsp;ricorum edidit uolumen;Dc �de Iunonis,qu� eft Sami,Donbsp;rica/ThcodorusiIonfca!Ephef�,qu�eftDian�,CtefiphonSlt; pnbsp;MetagenesiDe fano Mineru�,quod eft Prienc.Ionicum , Phinbsp;leos.-Item de �de Mineru� Dorfca ,qu� eft Athenisin arce,nbsp;lAinus�i Carpion; ThcodorusPhoccusdeTholo,quieftnbsp;Delphis; Philofde �dium facrarum fy mmetrijs, amp; de anna#nbsp;mentario,quod fuerat Pyr�i portu; Hermogenes de f de Dianbsp;n� Ionia,qu� eft Magnei��'pf�udodipteros,amp; Liberi patris *nbsp;Tco'monopteros ; Item Argelius de fymmetriis Corinthrfs,nbsp;�i lonico Trallibus Aefculapio, quod eti� ipfe/fua manu di#nbsp;citur feciffe.'DeMaufolco Satyrus�i Phy tens :quibusucrcfe Fnbsp;b'citastfummum maximumc� contulit munus. QuorG enimnbsp;artesifuo perpetuo^nobiliflimas laudes, amp;C fempiterno florennbsp;les^abere iudicantur, �Ccogitatis/egregias operaspr�ftitc#nbsp;runt.Namcp fingulis frontibus/finguliartificesfumpferuntnbsp;certatimparteshdornandumamp;probandG,Leochares,Bryanbsp;JceSjScopaSjPraxitelcs.Nonnulli etiam purantTimothcum,nbsp;quorum artiseminenscxcellentia/cocgitadfeptem fpeAacu#nbsp;lorum ciusopen'speruenire fam�, Prstertaminusnobilcs

�ulti/pr�cepta fymmerriariim confcnpferunt,ut Nexaris, Theocydcs,L)cmophilos,PolIis,Lcon!dcs,Silanion,Melamnbsp;I puSjSarnacuSjEuphranor.Non minus de machinationibus,nbsp;uti Qiades, Architas, Archimedes Ctcf�bfos, Ny mphodo#nbsp;ruSjPhilo Byzatcus,Diphilos,Charidas, Polyidos,PhyrO3,nbsp;Agefiftratos.Quorum ex commentarijs, qu^titiliaeffe in hisnbsp;rebusanimaduerii,coUeAa,in unum coegicorpus,amp;ideonbsp;maxime, quod animaduerti in ea re ab Gr�cis uoluminaplunbsp;ra �dica,ab noftrisoppido quam pauca .FuiTitius enim/mi� alijnbsp;rumdehisrebusprimus inAicuic �dercuolumen.ItemTe�nbsp;tentius Varrode nouem difciplinis, unumdc architeAura.nbsp;Pub.Scptimiusiduo. Amplius ueroiin id genus fcriptur� adgt;nbsp;hue nemo incubuifle uidecur,cum fuii�ent Sii antiqui ciuesnbsp;. magni architedi, qui potuiffent non minus eleganter fcriptanbsp;comparare.Namcj Athenis Antifiates,ct Callcfchros,amp; Ati'nbsp;iimachides,5i Porinos architcdi,Pifiitrato/�dem loui olymnbsp;pio facienti, fundamenta conftituerunt. Poft mortem autemnbsp;eius,proptcr interpellationem Reip. incepca reliquerunt.Itanbsp;qucicirciter annisducentispoft,Antiochusrex,c5inid opusnbsp;impenfam effet pollicicus;cell� magnitudincm,amp; columnarnbsp;rum circa dipteron collocationcm,cpirtyliorum, amp; caetcro^nbsp;rum ornamentorumad fymmetriarumdiftributionem ,manbsp;gna folertia fcientiac^ fumma,ciuis Romanus Coffutiusinogt;nbsp;bilircr eft archiredarus Jd autem opushon modo uulgo, fednbsp;eriaminpaucisamagnificentianominatur. Nam quatuornbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;. 3./

iocisfunt �diumfacrarumlmarmorcisoperibusornatxdi� fpofitioneSjC quibus/propri�dehisnominationcsiclaril��^nbsp;ma fama nominantur. Qiiorum cxcellenti�,prudentesc� conbsp;gitationumapparatus,fufpedushabentjndcorumfeffimogt;nbsp;nio . Primumcj! xdcs EpheG Dian�lonicogcnereabCtcG# inbsp;phontc GnoGo,amp;: filio eius Metagenc eft inftituta, qiiam po#nbsp;fteaOemetriusipGusDianac feruus,amp;PeoniusEpheGusdigt;nbsp;cuntur perfeciffc. Mileti Apollint item lonicis fymmctrrjsid� t

Peonius Daphnisep MileGusinftituerunt .EleuGn�Cereris X nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;*

�iProferpin� cellam,lt;mmani magnitudine,Idinus Dorico more,Gue exterioribus columnisfad laxamentum ufus facri^

M. VlTRVVIl POLL. ficiorumperrcxi't.Eain au tem poftea, cum Demetrius Phalcnbsp;reus Athenisrerum potiretur,Pbilon ante tcmplum in fron#nbsp;tecolumnisconftitucisproftylonfecit.Ita audo ueftibulqh#nbsp;xamentum initiantibus operic� fummam adiecitauftorita#nbsp;tern. In Ally ucroi loucm Olympi� amplo modulorum co#nbsp;paratu jCorinthijs fymmetrrjs �c proportionibus( uti fupranbsp;fcriptum eft ) architedandum/Coffutius fufeepifte memora#nbsp;tur. Cuius commencariuminuilum eftinuentum ; nec tarnen ,nbsp;a Coftutio fblumfde Ik's rebusIcriptaifunt defideranda, fed eti *nbsp;amaC. Mutio,qui(magna(cientia confifus/�des Honoris ecnbsp;Virturis,Marian� cell�,columnarum Sc epiftyliorum fym#nbsp;metrias'legidmis artisinftitutis pcrfecitjd uero/fimarmorc#nbsp;umfuiflet, ut haberet, queraadmodum ab arte fubtilitatem�nbsp;fic a magnificentia amp;.impenfis,authoritatem,in primiset fun�nbsp;misoperibusnominaretur. Cumergo Si antiquinoftri tnuenbsp;niantur non minus quam Grjeifuifte magni architedi, amp; nonbsp;ftr� memori� fatts multi, amp; ex his pauci prjeepta edidiflent,nbsp;no putauifilendum, ftd diipofitefingulis uoluminibus de Gnnbsp;gulis exponendum. Itaquequoniam fexto uolumine priua#nbsp;torum �dificiorum rationesperfcripf�,in hoc/qui leptimui�nbsp;tenet numerum,de expolitionibus, quibus rationibus/amp; ue#nbsp;Ruftatem amp; Grmitatem habere polfinr,explt;gt;nam �

Vm egregiam Bibliothecam Pergami ] W ! quawnt librorum ducentd tmUia, duHore Plutarcbonbsp;inuitam,Antonij. B Nonminoiibus]nbsp;bliothecdud miUid firme uoluminum feptingentdfiajfe 'nbsp;- fcribitGelliut ltlgt;.�.cdp,ultimo.Kiemitterunt eins E�lt;nbsp;JebuKlib,3, deprtepdrdtione Budngelicd,zr Arifiem hb. defeptudgintitnbsp;interpretibta. C IonicaEphefi,quareft:Dian�.3 Hilt;�clt;fdemDjnbsp;tttxonfiifi'e,[cribitlib,},,Cdpa^D Itemde�deMineru�Dori-caequ�

c�.qu X eft Achenis in arcc.] Scr�enrfuw Donc4, rejirtw cnim ad td�m,cuitiiJ^cics cratDorica, Dixi aulem de ea cap,7. libri ^uarti. Enbsp;EtLibcripatr/sTheomonopteros.] Admottuilib},nonunaittnbsp;t]}� di�lionem,fed duax, id c�,in Tco inftib �fuit add monopteros dicatitnbsp;^accho,de ^tta fcrip�t Hermogena. Quid autem rjfcc tcdes monopteros,nbsp;fcrip�muslib,4,cap�7� F De MaufoIeoSatyrusScPyrheus. ]nbsp;Meminit Pythij ueteris cuiufpiam Archite�icap. t. hb, i.qui andern Mi�nbsp;tteru�/}t Priemearchitedatus� Ptlib. 4. cap.}. Pytheumdicit,ut,po�itnbsp;idemejfeArchitedus�.tantummoneo,nihilfiatuo. G Namquefingunbsp;gull'sfrontibus,finguli artifices] De Ma�foleo,Pliiiimlib. js.nbsp;cap.f.inhuncmodiim.Patet(in^uit) ab Au�roerSeptentrione fexageenbsp;�os ternos pedes.Breuius� �-ontibustoto circuitu pedes quadrigentos xi,nbsp;Atto�itur in altitudincm xxv, cubitisicingitur columnis xxxvi, ab Orten�..nbsp;teicabuitScopas,�SeptentrioneBryixes,�meridieTimotheus,abocca� [nbsp;fuLeochares,eyc. H Cocgitadfeptemfpedaculorum] Or�nbsp;�ius uerbafunt blt;tc. Ferunt prifcificculinarratores, �bricarum feptemnbsp;tantum terrisiattributa miracula,EphcfiDianie templum ; Regis ^dufolinbsp;ptdcherrimummonumentum ,�quocr Maufolea did a funt j Rhbdifolisnbsp;aeneum fignum,quod Coloff�s uocatur,louis Olympici�mulachrim,(iuodnbsp;phidiMbrimiK arti�cum,fumMaelegantia, eboreiauro^formauitfCyrinbsp;dihuf �bricauit�Babylonite inuri, que^�Semiramis Regina, bterecoda,nbsp;fidphure,�rro^co�ruxitiPiramidesinAegypto,quaruMinfHoflatufenbsp;umbraconfumens,ultr�conflrudionis[pacia,nullaparte re/ficitur, Inbsp;Eupranor- ] Seribo Euphranor, ut apudPlinium lib.}}. cap.i. Knbsp;In Dcorumfefsimonio. ] Pro templis, quod non memini lcgere a�nbsp;pudaliumaudorem. L ScdetiamaG.Mutio,quimagnafci�nbsp;cntiaconfifus, ] Eiusicdismentioe�bbroi.cap.t. �yapudPlutar�nbsp;chumlibro de �rtuna RomanoruM. Viarinorea tabulaiinuenia, in uia fUnbsp;tniniaindicat^de manubijs Cimbricis amp; Teutonicis extrudant. Fuit auanbsp;tem in ea Efquilini montis parte, qme hodieifJterubna pro �Aariana uoca*nbsp;tur.��ud ucr�/pnetcrmiiti nondebet, quod D. Augu�inus intcUexit, tieonbsp;�mtietn Honoris tanpl�itigredipojfe,q^ni non�tpriw Virtutts ingre/fus^

PRImumc^ incipiam de ruderationc, quxiprindpia tenet expolittonum^ uti curio�usjfunimaq; prouidentiaifoli^nbsp;darionts ratio h�bcatur, Et� plano pedeerit ruderandum,nbsp;qu�ratur folum/� fit'perpetiio folidum, �iita cx�quetur;flCnbsp;inducatur cum �atuminc/rudus ; �/aucomnis, aut ex parte,nbsp;congcftitius locus fuerit,fifiucationibus c� magna cura fohV Bnbsp;detur.Incontignationibus uero/diligentcr eft animaduerten#nbsp;dum,nc quis paries, qui non exeat ad fummum,�cexcru�;U8nbsp;fubpauimentum,fedpotius/rclaxatusfupraicpendentemhanbsp;bearcoaxationcm.Cum cnim folidusexit,contignationibusnbsp;arefcentibus,aut pandationefidentibus ; permanente firuftunbsp;r� foliditate, dextra ac finiifefecundumfefacitinpauimen^ pnbsp;tis neceflario rimas.Itemidanda eft opera, ne commifceantur 'nbsp;axes efculiniqucrnis,quodquerni*fimulachumorcmperccgt;nbsp;perunt,fe rorquentes/rimas faciunt in pauimentis. Sin autemnbsp;efculus non erit, 8c nece�itas coegerit propter inopi�uti quernbsp;nisjfic uidctur e�e faciendum,uc iecentur tenuiores : quo migt;nbsp;nus enim ualuerint,co facilius/clauis fixi continebuntur. De^nbsp;inde'in fingulis tignisiextremis parttbusaxis, bini claui figannbsp;tur,uti nulla ex parte poflint fetorquendoanguliexcitare.

NamcgdecerrOjautfago/feuFarno, nullus ad uetuftatcm po � teft permancre.Coaxationibu s fa�:JS,fi crit,filex : fi non , pa#nbsp;Icaifubfternatur ,ud materies,'ab calcis uitifs dcfendacur.nbsp;Tune infupcrftatuminetur^ne minore faxo^ quam quod pofnbsp;fit manum implere: ftatuminibus indudis/ruderetur.Rudus/ Hnbsp;fi nouum erit,ad tr�s partes una calcis mifccatur ; fi rediuiuG Inbsp;fuerit,quinc^addiium'mixtiones habeant refponfum. DeWnbsp;deVudus inducatur, �i ueftibus ligneisdecurrjs indudistre^nbsp;britcr pinfationc folidetur, amp;C id non minuspinfum abfolugt;nbsp;tum craflitudinc fit dodrantis. Infuperex tefta nucleus indu�nbsp;catur,mixtionem habens ad tres partes unamicalcis, uti nenbsp;minorefitcraflitudinepauimentum digitorum ienum.Supra 'nbsp;Buclcum jadregiilam�i libellam exadaipauimentafiruan^nbsp;tur.

tur,�ue fcftilibus, (eu tclTcris. Cum ca extrufta fuerinr,amp; fa# ftigia extrudtoncs habuerint, (ta fricentuv, uti fi fediJia finr,nbsp;6 nulligradus in (cutulis, auttrjgonis,aucquadratis feu fauis,nbsp;cxtcnt.Sedcoagmcntorumcompofitio/planam habcat internbsp;fc diredionem. Si teficris ftruftum erir,ute�iomncs angulosnbsp;habeant �quaks,nulltbicj a fricatura cxcantcs.Ciim enim annbsp;guli nonfiierintomnes aequaliter plant, non erit exadanbsp;Oporce^fricatura.Itena/teftaceafpicata oburtinafuntdiligennbsp;ter cxigenda,ut non habeant lacunas, ncc excantes tumulos,nbsp;fed fint extenta,�i ad rcgulam pcrfricata,Superfricaturam(lcnbsp;Q uigationibus amp; polituris cS fucrintperfefta)incernatur mar#nbsp;nior,amp;fupraloric�cxcalceamp; arena inducantur.Sub dio uenbsp;roimaxime idonea fadunda funt pauimenta,quod contigna#nbsp;tiones humore cre(ccntes,aut ficcitatc dccrctccntcs,feu panda#nbsp;tionibus fidentcs,moucndo fc,faciunt uitia pauimentis.Praenbsp;tereagelicidiaSi pruin�'nonpatiuntureaintegra permane#nbsp;re.ItacpG necefl�tas co�geritjUt minime uitiofa fianr,fic erit fa#nbsp;ciund�, Cum coaxatum fuerir,fupcr altcraxoaxatio trans#nbsp;uerfa fternatur, clauisc� f�xaidupliccm pr�beat contignatio#nbsp;ni loricationem: deinde ruderi nouo tertia parsteft� tuf�'ad

5 tnifeeatur, calciscj du� partes lad quine� mortarij mixtioni# buspraeftentrefponfum. Statuminatione fada, rudus indu#nbsp;�quot; catur,idcjptnfumabfo�ut�^ne minuspedefitcralTum .Tunenbsp;autemnucleoindudofuti fupra feriptum e(t)pauimentum/cnbsp;V telTera granditirciter binum digitum c�fa ftruatur,faftigiumnbsp;habens in pedes denos,digitos binos : quodjfi bene tempera#nbsp;birur,6Crcdefricatum fuerit,ab omnibusuitqserit tutum.nbsp;Vu autem inter coagmenta materies ab gelicidijs ne laborer.nbsp;Je fracibuslquotannis ante hyemem faruretur, ita non paticturnbsp;in ferccipercigeliddijpruinam.Sin autem curiofiusuidebiturnbsp;y fieri oportere,regul�bipcdales inter ic coagmentat� fupra runbsp;dus fubftrata materia coflocentur, habetes f�ngulis coagmennbsp;lor�fronribusfcxcifos canaliculos digitales cquibusiundis'nbsp;impleanturcalceix o�eofubada ,confrilt;enturcpintericto#nbsp;agmeniacompreffa.lt3calx,qu�/cnth3ercnsincanalibus,dunbsp;refcendo,nonpatictur aquam jneqj aliamrem per coagmen#nbsp;ta trans/

ta tranf�re.Cum ergo fuen't hoe ira per�ratum,fupranucfeus � lnducatur,amp; uirgis c�dendoifubigatur. Supra aurcm/�ucexnbsp;teffera grandi,fiuc ex fpica teftacea�ruantur,faftigrjs,quibiisnbsp;eft fuprafcriptS;amp;cum fie eruntfafta, noncito uidabuntur�

Etinducaturftatuminerudus,] St�tumendiciturt^uic^uii profiilcimentoflernitur,id eji, induHionis corium imutn � Fieri/i4tumainbsp;debcrenonminore f(ixo,(iMmijuodpo�itmanumim(ilere, piitdopo�tr^tnbsp;dit^ B Fiftucationibus cum magna cura folidetur.] ld e�tnbsp;palationtbus,pAlis aut fublicis u�uhUts^confixKi^nmchinKeidd�is� Cnbsp;Pandationefidentibus.] Hocipfo cdpt(epdu!�t�ox,Contign4tio*nbsp;ttes humore crefcetttes,dutficcit(ite decrefcentes,fcu pdnddtionibin �deltnbsp;tes^mouendofei�eiuntuitidpduimentis^ D Itemdandaeft opera,nbsp;ne commifeeantur aftes ] Vdtlddius lib, i. clt;tp. 9. Deinde^utaxeSnbsp;querttA cum �[culeiiinon mifeeantur: natn quercutihumore concepto,cutHnbsp;fe c�perit�catre,torlt;juebitur,t^ rimdi in pauimento�iciet^Aefculaf dUnbsp;temfine uitio durdt. Sed� ^uercu fuppelente/iefcului de�t ,fubtititcr qufVnbsp;cm �ccetur, er trdnfuerfm dtq; dire�mdupltx pondtur ordo tdbuldr�'nbsp;clduit�e^uentibmfixm, E Namque decerro,autfagqfeufar�nbsp;no ] PdUddim dicitide bis drboribm, diuti�ime em durdre, �rdtii pd*nbsp;leii:Uel filice � Fdrnum dutemetidm hodie uocdtltalidide genere quercuantnbsp;arborem, F Coaffationibusfaftis,fieritfilix] inPlinio�ib.f^�nbsp;cdp.if,mendo� feriptum e�jtlicepro�licet (3- inmeo exempldri^hoclo^nbsp;{o�lexpro�l�x,lt;judnlt;itMm dlidi diciturfilix, cuimduo funtgenerd dpudnbsp;Plmiumlib.i7,cdp,�, G Neminorefaxo/quam quipoffitma�nbsp;num implere,] Fdcilee�uel indodi�imoiu^cdre, fcribcndume�'e,nbsp;qudmquod, H Rudusfinouumeritjad tres partes] PdUddiusnbsp;liba.cdp.i). Stdlumindbiirudm�de�fdxicontu�^dumpdrteSiCrcuMnbsp;undcdlcistemperdtie/ccin�ituet^ 1 SirediuiuumfucritJ lde�,euenbsp;teri renoudtutn,vtuntur enim dd pduimentdduplici rudere; nouo quad �tnbsp;i Idpidetunc primum contufo, dut te��, additaund pdrte cdkisad diids�nbsp;Vtuntur et ucterd�ue rediuiuo,expduimentisidut ^di�cijs dirutu, in quonbsp;mifcendoiminm opme� cdlcit ,fedddqttinqueifuf�ctuntpdrteidu�. 1Cnbsp;Decurij s indu dis J Id e� indued bomimm deew^ff^ multitudinctnbsp;quili�itH

^ui ligneK tteHibiu pinfdnt, fubig�nt matcri�m, ut mcx cap. j, L Crafsitudinefit Dodrantis. ] ld ejlitioticmpo�icum. fiampoBexnbsp;nnclacft,lde�,p^ir^pedisduodccima. M Infuper cx reftaMucleusnbsp;inducatur. ] Nucleum uocatmaxim� refi�entcm cru�atn, fiue cori�,nbsp;ideflintcriiispauimentum,uulgusltalumiinimamuocat- N Ad rcgunbsp;lam Sc libcilan? cxaAa] Pauimcntaprincipi�pi�dfiicrunt, pofled'nbsp;f�Hii funt hlhoftrota, id e�iteffe�atK lapiUis ftratd, quorum fittnenlionbsp;dpudVarroncmlibroreiru�icie j.cap.i.crPtiniumlib.iO.cap.zf. Pernbsp;fcCi�U'inte�tgofcdMparuat marmoreoicrufiafin uariosinterdumcolonbsp;rts,id e�iopus dmuffeitunt,�ue mu�uti/m, ut SpdrtMttuf in Pefccnnio;nos/nbsp;fnofaicum uocamui. Per teffirdt, quddrata grdndw. Opus mu�uumitx�nbsp;prc�itNilusfchola�iciu/Epigrdmmatonhb.4. nws �n7^^^ou �^o6stfnbsp;it?�\.�sXu/jilt;p(^�S,7�V�/xw tfaTT/VKS (rxrvfamp;^tAlcialus uertit. Q�lt;inbsp;drteexalijsdlijs^lapillisTamcit� compo�tum trdn�erim in fatyrum�nbsp;Artifices dicuntur mu�uiiri/Theodo�o O' Valentiniano^Codicislitao�nbsp;deexcufationibuidrti�cum. O Nulligradus in fcurulis.] PaBdsnbsp;diiulib .1. cdp.^.te�eraicr fcutulasinpMmentodixit,pro�u�i5qudnbsp;dratisiO rotundifyd fcuti figura, � qua letiam fcutulatum cquum dicunt,nbsp;quiuulgoipomulatus uocatur � Etfcutulatum arancarum retenominaturnbsp;Plitiiolib.11.clt;lt;p. zj.NdfcutulatidcmduHor hb.ir.cap-Jis.intelligitcornbsp;tices,quiin empla�rationeiex arboribuifcutifigura eximuntuTyO ^ui ed ''nbsp;dcmf�rmaimponuntur, P Scu fauis extent. ] tiosicumquarere� '/gt;*�***/nbsp;miM quid hoc nomine fignificaretur;incidimu$ in apum aluearia, contcmlt;*nbsp;platifumiK ccBof fexangulat, tum inte�cxtmus yitruutum �uos dixiffCtnbsp;pro�u�istxagonis.l^am�uusyut fcrtbit Vdrro lib.i-rti ru�icd,cap-if^nbsp;rfi, quem fingunt apesmulticauatum � cera, cum �ngula cauafena laterd ;nbsp;habeant,quot�ngulispedesidedit natura,Quanquamn�fempereiufientnbsp;figurdreperiri,au�ore�ColumeBalib.lt;gt;.cap.if. fedoquadrata, Oquot;nbsp;i'otunda,o longa, Q_. Etfupraloric� ex Calcet arena indu�nbsp;cantur.] ide�,teaoriim,cru�a,cortum,undeloricarcparietesVarlt;inbsp;fotttlibrodereru�ica �.cdp.tr.cr Pliniolib.s.cap.i^. delchneumone'nbsp;fimofe mergentel�ccante^ SolCyO huiitfmodi corijsife loricante. Lorionbsp;\dm diximui lib.i.cffc te�aceam�ruCiuram, id c�, ueluti coronices pro�nbsp;^�asjiue femi�^igi�^quie�iUicidium�murisarccrent, Apud Vcgcti'u/ta

Li�ro4,loriculd�gnificdt id munimentum,i^uod urbium obfe��rei ultrd idilum teli iiedtficdnt,fojJd,udllo,fudtbut,Z!r turriculii in�ru^d,ut erum^nbsp;fcntibuf�ciuitdteobftftcre po�mt.T^t loriculdm in te�oHieronymutco�nbsp;trd Peldgidnos Iib-t.exDculcroiiowij cdp.u, uertit pro murulo,quiin �rnbsp;cuitu tc�orum�t,nc quisim prieccps Idbdtur : quod interpr�t�s feptudginnbsp;USittpKVHVdixerunt.tidmquodEzechieliscdp.40,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sym*

mdchiKiet t�i uerterunt^Si modo eorum e� uer�o, de qud uideo pleros^ dubitare,net^ id�rtd�edbs re, ndm D Uieronymiunon uno tdntumlo^nbsp;co, fed cylo/cphits in prit�tione luddicdrum dntiquitdtS, trdduntfeptutinbsp;gintdiUosduosdegem tdntum,id e� quinq; tHo�s libros�nGrtecdmlitt*nbsp;gudm trdn�uli�e,)Aquiliddutcm!cr Theodotiomurtmi, utfertbit Hieronbsp;nymiKAducr�loricaldmdicioportuijJecontendimuf, R Sufadiouenbsp;ro maxime idoneafaciundafuntpauimenta.] Subdidlidpdui*nbsp;tnentdiGr�ciinuenere,utfcribit Pliniuslib,}6.cdp,if, S Calciscj du�nbsp;partes,ad quin^uemortarrj. ] Proportio^e�dupldfefqu�dterd,nbsp;A duerte dutemhic mortdrium dici, non pro ipfo Idcuiubi rutro fubigitur�nbsp;ut fuprdl(bros.cdp.ultimo,�edproipforuderefiuemdterid, Sieinfine�nbsp;tri s.u�urpdtum reperies, Plinius hunclocumtrd�ulitimemordtoloco.nbsp;tieee�drium C inquit ) rudert nouotertidmpdrtem te�a tuf� dddi, deindenbsp;rudus tin quo du� quinto cdlcismi�ednlur. T Tuncautemnucleoinnbsp;d��co.Crd�ofexdigitosiinquitPlinius di�ocdp.�. v Faftigiuninbsp;habens in pedes denos,] Pliniui fefquuncem�d e� uncidm cum dimi*nbsp;did,�uepo�icem cum[emi�e,qui funt digiti duo, Sdn� uncid continet diginbsp;tum unum,t:y'tertidm digitipdrtem.Scxtdnsiduos eyduds tertids,nbsp;drdnsquatuor.qui e�pdlmusminor,ide�7ra2.ousH, Triensiquinque QTnbsp;undm tertid. Quincunx fex duds tertidS.Semis �ue�emipesioilo. Septunx �nbsp;nouem ty undm tertidm, Ties decem ey duds tertias. Tyodrdnstduode*nbsp;cim.P�^ Grtecis C�Ti^ap.� ( mendofus enim e� Etymologus, ubi pronbsp;J^uJ'tKlt;xfcriptume�lt;S^�Ka)Dextdnsftredecimcrundmtertidm.Deunx-inbsp;qudtuordecimzyduds tertids,Pes,qui ds cy pondo hdbetur ( unde dupoitnbsp;diti/m Columell�ltb.f^cdp,i-Zylibro u, c4p.i )fedecim continet. Hocnbsp;rdtiocinij per digitos genus, diximus e�e minus expeditum. fed illudiddno ''nbsp;tdtionc dignumfuccurrit, quod ColumeUd Hb, n, cdp.js-. decoquere ddnbsp;pdlmumufurpdt,proddqudrt(ts,X. Fracibus/quorannis antehyenbsp;tnem

memfaturetur.] Oleificil�U{,amurcd,retrin}entoolci^funtenimJr4� ccsioledrum carnes,fy indefices,�u�orePliniolibjo-cap,6, Y Tegunbsp;1� bipedales'inrer fe coagmentat� , �Cc, ] Hune locumuta e�nbsp;imitdtiisPaUddiuslib, 6,cap.a.Tunadnteiptdmrudui�ccetur,bipeddtnbsp;(inteUige tegulof ) quteper omnia lateracanaliculos habeant digitales,imtnbsp;Zemus .ita ut calce utud ex oleo temperata, bipcdarumcanales,qui internbsp;conne�endi funf,impleantur, ZSquot; earum coniunflionerudus omnecoopenbsp;riaturmam�ccata omnis materia unum corpus efficiet,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nuUum tranfquot;

mittethumorem. Z Etuirgtsc�dendoifubigantiir.] Frequenter baci�is rudibusue uerberandoidenfetur, d a Siuc ex fpica tefta*nbsp;cea.] Spicdtqum ter�aceorumeminitPliniuslib.}S.cdp.tf.fitdutemp/tnbsp;uimentum �iicatum te�aceum laterculienbsp;codiltbiu iuniHs, et in latusproclinatis ainbsp;/picarum imitationcm ; uulgui uocdt pifeitnbsp;�jinam.P.omteineopauimentiantiquige�nbsp;ncre,Hifuntur loterculicra�i digi tu unum,nbsp;lati�resjongifcx � Sunt et longi digitos qudnbsp;tuorcra�i un�,lati duos. Mi�e pnf d/fee.i�nbsp;Ba�licispauimentortt/pecies, exmarmo�nbsp;ris ogt;lt;mi genere,! d�)ide,Porphyrite, quo^nbsp;rit materiemiongo interuaUofuperatopuf:nbsp;quanqam nee t�a quidcm,antiquorum funinbsp;opera, fed necrecentia,

Xgt;E MACERATIONE CALCIS/AD ALBī rid opera cyte�oria per�eienda,nbsp;c A P V r. II,

barijs operibus eft explicandum. Id autem cru rede, f� B gleb�calcisopdm�antc muko temporequana opus fuerit^nbsp;macerabuntur : uti fi qua gleba paru fuerit in fornace coda,nbsp;in maceratione diuturnailiquore deferuerecoada, uno tenogt;nbsp;��exoncoqifatur. Namc� cum non penitus macerata, fed re#nbsp;cens fumitur,cumfueritinduda/habenslatentes crudoscal#nbsp;culos, puftulas enoittit ; qui calculi in op�re funo tenore cunanbsp;PP

500 M. VITRVVn POLL. pcrmaccranturjdiffoluunt/Si difffpant tcdorij politioncs�nbsp;Cumautg habita erit ratio maccrationis,amp;idcuriofiusop�#nbsp;re prxparatum erit : fumatur afciaiamp;quemadmodum ma^ cnbsp;teriafdolatur,fic calx inlacu maccrata/afcietur. Si ad afciatn pnbsp;offenderint calculi, non erit remperata : cumcf i�ccum S�nbsp;rum ferrum educetur ,indicabit/e� cuanidam amp; fiticulofam, fnbsp;cum uero pinguis fuerit/amp; rede macerata, circa id fcrramengt;nbsp;tum,utiglutinum h3erens,omnirationciprobabitfeeffetemnbsp;peratam.Tunc autemmachiniscomparatis,camcrarum di^nbsp;fpofitiones/in conclauibus expediantur, nifi lacunaribus ea �nbsp;fuerintornata.

A Dealbarij s operibus cft explicandum�] TeHoruautgypfo purd cdlccihoc luocdtur dlbariim opia^ut ctdce Gr lt;trenlt;i,Grlt;iinbsp;citur irendtuMidul marmore gt cdlcc,Gr marmoratum nominatur^Q�nbsp;pdrieteslt;te{�orijsinducunt,Grlt;ecisMViiT ai dlcuntur o� toutonbsp;�7rx^a;i^!oVTiS�Theodofiui gt Valentinianus AAXod.lib.io. deexcufdnbsp;tionibtMitrti�cum,uoclt;int albinosIfine pottuilt;dbariof, B Sigleb�nbsp;calcis op tim�.an te mul to temp ore ] Q/ce non uno modo ad te*nbsp;iloridutuntur;niim e�'qu^�atim �glebaddopus con�rturiudioribusalnbsp;iarijsdicdtdjntritam dutemuocdnt,quteltemporemdcerdtd GT firmen*nbsp;tdtd,ttobilibus relinquetur albdrijs^Trddit Plinius liS.js. cdp^ xj, intri*nbsp;tdm'quouetuf�ior fit,eomeliorem- inueniri^ indntiqudrum�diumlegi*nbsp;hus,ne recentiore trimduteretur redemptor quifyudm, Tertid quoq^ pdtnbsp;te ponder is,qudm fuus�terdt lapis,leuiorfit calx oportet ed, quamperitinbsp;probent,uthoc'nonprlt;etermittam. C Sumaturafeia. ] Dolabrd,nbsp;tiotiem fibrorum materiarioru injlrumentu, quoaf^eritas dolatur Grplt;^nbsp;politur. D Quemadmodummateriadolatur,ficcalx] Cal*nbsp;cem ut utilem dd albarium opus probes ,poflvitruuium etiam docet Pal*nbsp;bdius liba.eap.14, A[cid,inquit, calcemiquafi lignum dolabis. St nufiqudtnbsp;deles eius offiiiderit, gtfi quod afiilt;e adh^ereti�ierit molle atip uifeof im,nbsp;confiatjdlbarijs operibus conuenire.HociGr Plinius fcribitlib. iS.capas.nbsp;E SiccalxSn lacumaccrata/afcirtur.] Ldcuappcllattoncepta*nbsp;culunt ubicdlx mdceratur, utfiqud glebaparum ignibus excoda�icrit,nbsp;maeeratione

ttnem^cuin oportedt Icntdni effeicr glutitiofjan, ^uditiiad teHorid probes, C Nifilacunaribusicafuen'ntornata.] Ldcundridcontigndt�o�nbsp;niunfunt�Ctmerie uerocurMntur,dliieiin forniccs, dlilt;t)in tejludines, dltue/nbsp;inhiKmiJjibgrid t dliiC icomplufculisarcubus confidnt ahteii�orumnbsp;fimtpdrs,

V, ciund�. Afleres diredi'idifponancur inter fc, ne plus fpa cium habentcspedesbinos,amp; hi*maximecuprcllini,quodnbsp;abiegni ab carie amp; ab uecuftate celeriter uidancur;h)cj afleres*nbsp;S cum adformam circinationis fuerint diftributi, catenis difponbsp;C fids, ad conrignadones(fiucteftacrunt)crcbrircrclauisfer#nbsp;reis fixi, religentur ; e�c^catcn�fexca materia comparentur,nbsp;cui nec caries, ncc uetuftas, nec humor poflit nocerc, id eft,nbsp;b buxojiuniperojolea, roborCjCuprciTo, c�tcriscffimilibus,

pr�ter quercum, quod ea�ic torquendo'rimas facit quibusin� nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ffQ)

t eftoperibus.AflcribiisdifpofitiSjtumtomiccexfpartohifpa nico,arundines grjc� tuf�/ad eos(uti forma pofiulat ) religennbsp;tu r.Item fupra camcram materies ex cake amp; arena mixtaifub.nbsp;indc inducarur,ut i�qu� ftill�-ex contignationibus aut teftisnbsp;cecidcrint, fufiineantur.Sin autem/arundinisgrjcae copia nonbsp;eritjdcpaludibustenues colligantur,amp;mataxxiamp; tomicac/nbsp;ad iuftam longitudincm una c raflitudinc alligationibus remnbsp;perentur ,dum ne plus inter duos nodos(alligationibusbigt;nbsp;nospedesdiftent;5ih3e(ad aireres(utifuprafcripcumeft)tominbsp;H c� religentur, cultellique ligneiin eas configantur, C�tcranbsp;omnia(udfupra feriptum eft) cxpediantur. Cameris difpofi^

1 dsfSt intexds, imum coelum earumltrullilTetur , dcindc/arena dirigatur,pofica|autcrcta, aut marmore poliarur. Crimeannbsp;naer� politx fuerint, fub cas/coron� funt fubijdcnd�, e�cp*nbsp;quam maxime tenues Sifubt �les oporrcrc fieri,uidentiir. C��nbsp;�niin grandes funt,pond�r� deducuntur,ncc poifunt fe fufti#

502 M� VITRVVn POLL4 nere,inhiscf mi'nimcgypfum debet admifcen',fed cxcrctonbsp;marmore/unotenore pcrduci,utime pr�cipiendononpagt;nbsp;liatur uno tenore opus inarefcere, Ett'ame� cauend� funt innbsp;came ris prifcorum difpoficiones, quod earum planitix coronbsp;�tarum graui pond�r� impendentes,funtpericulofx.Corogt;nbsp;narum autem'aliae funt pur�,ali3e'c�lat�. Conclauibus,autnbsp;ubi ignis/aut plura luminafunt ponenda, purae fieri debent,nbsp;ut eaefacilius extergeantur In aeftiuiamp;�i exedris, ubi minimenbsp;fumuscftjnec fuligo poteft nocere,ibitjlat�funtfacicndx.nbsp;Semper cnim/album opus,propter fuperbiam candoris, n5nbsp;modocxproprii'sjfed etiam exalienis �difi�fj�concipitfu^nbsp;mum. Coronis explicatis^parietes quam afperrime truliiffennbsp;tur,pofl:ea autemiiupra trulliffationc fubarefcente deformen^nbsp;tur dirediones arenati, uti longitudinesad r�gula amp; lincam, tnbsp;altititudinesad perpendiculum,anguli ad normam refponi^nbsp;dentes exigantur � Namcf ficcmendatate�oriorum in pidunbsp;fis erit fpecies � Subarefcente iterum ,ac tertio inducatur : itanbsp;quo fundatior eritiex arenato dired:ura,eo)firmior erit ad ucgt;nbsp;tuftatemifoliditas tedorij.Cum abarena/pr�ter trulliffatio^ jjnbsp;ncm,non minus tribus corijsfueritdeformatum,tunccmar^ gnbsp;moreo grano/dirediones funt fubigend�, dum ita materies pnbsp;tempcretur,uo cum fubigitur non h�reat ad rutrum, fed punbsp;rum ferrum e mortario liberetur. Grano indudof�c inarcgt;nbsp;fcente,alterum corium mediocris ii; dirigatur : idcum fubgt;nbsp;adum fuerit, amp; bene fricatum, fubtilius inducatur. Ita cumnbsp;tribuscorrjs aren�,Siitem marmoris^folidatiparietesfuOnbsp;fint, ncque rimas, nec� aliud uitiumfin fe recipere poterunt�nbsp;Sedamp;baculorumfubadionibus fundat� foliditates, margt;nbsp;morisc�candore firmo leuigat�,coloribus cumpolitioni^nbsp;busindudis, nitidosexprimentfplendores, Coloresautem'nbsp;udo tedorio cum diligenter funtindudi,ideo non remittunt,nbsp;fedfuntperpetuo permanentes,quod calxinfornacibusex#nbsp;codoliqaore, amp;fadararitatibuseuanida^eiunirate coadanbsp;corripit in i�,qu� res forte,�am contigerunt : mixtionibusej�nbsp;cxalfispoteftatibus collatisfeminibus feu principtfs, una fo#nbsp;Hdcfcendo/in quibufeuntj menibris eft formata, c� f�t arida,nbsp;redigjtur,

rcdigitur, UH fui generis proprias uideatur habere qualitates* Itac^ tedoriaquae rede funt fada,nec^ uetuftaribus Hunt horgt;nbsp;rida,necf cum extergentur,remittuntcolores,nififi parumdinbsp;ligenter , amp; in arido fucrint indudi, Cum ergo ita'in parietigt;nbsp;bustedoria fada fuerint(uri fuprafcriptumefl:)amp;firmita#nbsp;tcnijfplendorem, �C ad ueeuftaec permanentem uirtutem/po#nbsp;terunt habere.Cum uero unum coriumiaren�, �� unum/mi�nbsp;nutimarmoriseritindudum,tenuitasciusminusualendo/fa'/nbsp;ciliterrumpitur,neclplendorem politionibus, propterimbenbsp;cilliutem crafficudinis,proprium obtinebit. QuemadmodSnbsp;enim fpeculum argenteum/tenui lamella dudum, incercos/nbsp;�i fine uiribushabet remiifiorcs fplendores:quod autem e fo#nbsp;lida temperatura fuerit fadum recipiens in fe firmis uiribusnbsp;politionem, fulgcntes inafpedu, certascj confiderantibusnbsp;imagines reddit; Sic tedoria quae/ex tenui funt duda matcgt;nbsp;ria,non modo fiunt rimofa, fed etiam celerirer euanelcunt,nbsp;Qu� autem fundata arenationis amp; marmoris foliditate,funtnbsp;craffitudinc fpiila,cum funt politionibus crebris fubada , n�nbsp;modo fiunt nitentia, fed etiam/imagines expreffas afpicientigt;nbsp;bus exeo op�r� remittunt. Gr�corum uero tedores'non fo#nbsp;n lum his rationibusutendo/faciunt opera firm�,fed eti�morgt;nbsp;tariocollocatOjcalccSc arenaibic5fufa,decuriahomin5 ingt;nbsp;dudaligneis uedibuspinfant materi�,et itaiad certam�fiib#nbsp;adatunc utuntur.Itacgtueteribus parietibus nonnulli cruftasnbsp;S excidentesipro abacis utuntur : ipfao^tedoria abacorum ,�Cnbsp;� Ipeculorum diuifionibus,circa fe prominentes habent ex#nbsp;V preifiones. Sin autemin cratitrjstedoriaerunt facienda, qui#nbsp;bus necei�eeftetiam inarredarijs^ amp;tranfuerfariis/rimasfie#nbsp;fi. (Ideo/quod luto cum h'niuntur, necelTario recipiunt hu#nbsp;moreiTijCum autem arefcun�'extenuatijin tedorijs faciunt ri#nbsp;mas,) idfut non fiat, h�c erit ratio.Cum paries totusluto in#nbsp;quinatus fuerir, tunclin eo op�retann� clauismufcarqsperpe-'

* tu�figantur, deinde�erum luto indudo.'fi priores tranfuer# farrjs arundinibusf�x�funt,fecund�)eredis figantur�amp;itanbsp;(il ci fupra feriprum eft ) arcnatum,amp; marmor,amp; omne tedonbsp;fium/inducatur, Ita'cannarum duplex in parietibus ordini#nbsp;bus

A Cumcrgocamcrarumpoftulabitratio. ] CamerteJi�lie funt/� Cainura,!lt;ie�^uruo,au�oreSeruio Georg, i. Earumfuntgenerit,nbsp;tejludola- hiemi�gt;h�rium,de quibtu dixi Ub.t .cdp.io. f^nix, qiixcb*nbsp;longdft in arcucuruit eil; ijuogenertlin hypogeis et cryptoportidbus utinbsp;mur.^ftetgeniu apud italos/noninuenuftunec inutile, quod ��rtna/lunitnbsp;latu�ocdnt,meditt /cilicetTc�udo.fitnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quiiquauerfuf,medio�rttic�ta,

?�n(ttr,er eodem tenore retinentur afferet, itti t� u�ii lib. f.cdp. ultimo.

uosin inte�ino �pere plurimum ualere, lt;ereosm veteris nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;humido loca

prlt;eftlt;ire,z;rptn�terniicfft. Animiidu�rtimu(,m(irmorlt;i'ilMMfirrai mdculdri, lubejifldri^ corrumpi Rubiginem qui uerebuntur, cerufi,nbsp;gypfo,Crpicc liquiddinuugunt. D BuxO)iunipero,olea,robore,nbsp;cuprcflb.] HicmateriiifierioporterecdtenMfcribitPd�ddiUilibronbsp;cdp^if, E Tumromices ex fpartoHilpanico, 3 Scntcurf��nbsp;tomice^dul tomicd,ut pdulopo�^du�rendi cdfu.Sunt dutcm T amicesnbsp;tomicie^leuiter tort� re�es ex�idrto, dut ex drundinibus, ex cdttdbt etidtiinbsp;impolito^ty lino,iunco,dtq^pdlmd,utexPliniolibas^cdp^to, Columebnbsp;ldlib.it.cdp.ft,PdUddionbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;i.cdp.ii'f^dlijsdcpreheitditur. F Etma

tax�,tomic�,adiufl:amlongitudinemunacranitucline al* ligattonib. 3 Lego Et mdtdX�:e:^ tomic�;utfit mdtdxd reftis,(}uenbsp;cult /}gt;ecies ? i�dorus lib. 15. cdp.t^ � diHdrn exi�imdt,dcircuitu�lorum,nbsp;i metd ;uelquod trdns�rdtur, qud� metdxdm. Aquitdnimdddi�dm; He�nbsp;trures,Romdni, cj- pen� uniuerfd Udlid/ndtd�dm uocdtit, fjcnct^a. Gr^*nbsp;cis dicitur fericum, qudin�gnificdtioneiopinor ufurpdtum db Area*nbsp;dio 0- Honorio Itb.u. Cod.de murici legults. Vnde metdxdrij ilufiinidnonbsp;tib.s, Cod. depignoribuscrhypothccis,lieminitz^mdtdx�^M.drtidnuinbsp;lurifcon, hb.i�,. Pdnde�. eodem tttulo.Aetiutnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A�udrius medici,bonf

bicum uermium uellusdntequdm cortindm experidtur, id e�,ut uulgo dt* cunt,fericum crudum,Cdtdxdm dicunt,luxdtd cz inducendd di�ione pronbsp;mdtdxd�ue metdxd^utcutu^Cdtdxdm dgnouit Rue�tuslibro deflirp. i�nbsp;Adeo pertindx ini�isduHoribus mcndum!irrepferdt.tHdtt�dutemi�*nbsp;cunturfioreie, quolutitur Ouidius Pd�ortvm libro e.

G Eth�/adalTeresfurifuprarcriptume(i)]NufqudmIegifomiquot; cdmprimd inflexioneiquod meminerim,ni�bislocis,cr dpud Pliniumlib�^nbsp;t7.cdp.10. H CuIteJliquelignei/in easconfigantur.] Suntue*nbsp;riculd, quibustrdnsfigunturtomicciluduti�gt;dtheU�. l Imum coclumnbsp;�ar� trullifletiir.] ldefl,gypfoinducdlur.AlidS'e�trulli�dtio,trulldnbsp;cuiufcumq} teilforij indudio.Sedquodpdulopofligyp�meminitceu noddnbsp;mifcendi coronisjcredidimus Cdmerdrum ipfdrum primdminduilioneinnbsp;�ypfo �eri,dtq^ itd)trttlli�dtionem intcrprctdtt[umi(S,iiic(ni�fi�or)lo*nbsp;tWQCcdi^

tufioccd�oncm deditBuJieOfUiro alicquin iudicio acerrittio, no/lne Gtt�i� ornnmento, fiijpic�ridii tru�iffdcioncm fieri gypfo ,ceu edifemfiernbsp;eiufmodi effet; fed potuiteumddmonuijfc locus/ex proximo cdpite. Pronbsp;eirendto (inquit) tefla truRiffetur. K In hisqueiminimc Gypfutnnbsp;debet adinifceri.] Plinita tdtnen lii-i�. cap.id- gypfumditicoronisnbsp;fffegrdti�mum. Proximd cdlci resiefigypfum ,�t ex coilo Idpide, �nbsp;tf rrlt;t fi)ditur,ut in Cypro. Prlt;eter idqued denfum efl, uidi Rontitldudf nonbsp;di�imiles dldbaffritte ; fqudmeoldmlutrdmq; uocdnt, quod uelutifqudmisnbsp;tonftenttfed undlt;mdioribus,dlterdiminoribus;hdcmon nifidd gypfutn utunnbsp;tur,tlldetidmfe�dincruft(Klddtelt;llorid. L Adregulamamp;lineam.]nbsp;�xigendd re�itudinelfolentf�r� drtificesutireguld(ed GraciSjUivcdp di�nbsp;(itur)frbri dutetn mdteridrij ffue cdrpentdrijlettdm dtnu�i utuntur, id efi,nbsp;fitniculo,quemlrubricd dut dlio colore oblinunt,Griecisd6/j.lu}dicunt,Gelnbsp;liusltbroultimocdpiteultimolinedmuocdt, Angelus Politidnus/in Cfcdr�nbsp;nide Pldtonislrcguldmtrdns�rt. Amtnonius tn Cdtegoridg Ariftotelisfi*nbsp;Hf Architx�cribit, fibrum idmu�i uti/nftrumento dd exigenddni mdteritenbsp;reditudinemnut curuitdtem,non dliteridt^ domorum �udorlCdtheto, tdnbsp;tft perpendiculo/exigitjpdrietes redi [int,dn conlrdj�S�^^'o r�Mcop t5

KtjgXTtti o^-yave� Tt^os �iaR^icriv TO/J T� o�^w/j nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nayj

quot;t�/J Ka/JL7TU�UV,O(UlOIU5� o�iKoJ'ojU.oSTHR.a^tT�pJ'iaKfivo�irK T'tST� Ah ��^ous C* TOUT� /xHTOio�t�$ TOV To�)(^iip,vtunturetidlibrd,qu{ernbsp;O' hbe�d dicitur,dd dirediones exigendiif,^!' longttudines, ut ex Vitru*nbsp;�lt;iodidicimuscr'Pliniolib.}e,cdp.z2,cris. Confi�t dutcmgnomonefidnbsp;'ft, regulis dudbusiitd. iund is cdpitibus duobus, CT diudricdt is dlteris, utnbsp;fedum dngul� officiant^ ab angulo pendente e�loplumboiquodubi transnbsp;^^fie compdd� tertiiC regulte/defcriptam in medio ad perpendiculu linequot;

5o3 M� VITRVVII POLL. ft�umttJptumium. M Anguli adnormam.] Norm�tn�ibri�p�nbsp;peUantifquitJrdfn.Regulie capiti/coagmentant aliam prominentem, utre*nbsp;�rdnt duie;dngu!tim re�um.Vitruuiui Iib.^.cdp.uuerdm normdm itd dtnbsp;�rmdt,ut�t irungulM/di�idribut ldteribui,unotdmen re�o dngulo, Su*nbsp;mdntur{in(luit) regullt;e tres,� quibuittnd �t pedes tres, dlterdlpedes qud�nbsp;tuor,tertidlpedes quinq;. Hieq; regule inter [e compo�t�itdngdnt alid dli*nbsp;am/fuiscdcuminibus extremis.Scbemd hdbentes trigoni,de�rmdbunt nornbsp;Mdm emenddtdm. N Cumabarena/prxtertrulliflationcm.]nbsp;PdUddius lib. hCdp.is. hunc locum itd mitatur, Pdrietum te�urd�c �etnbsp;�rtisicr nitidd. Primo, truBis �equentetur indu�lio ,cum �ccari coepe^nbsp;rit,iterum inducatur, dc tertio} pofl hcc trid corid, ex mdrmoreogrdnoinbsp;cooperidtur dd trullam,qult;e indu�io/dnte tdmdiu fubig�dd e�, ut rutruMnbsp;quo calx fubigitur,mundu)n leuemus-Hiecquoquemdrmoreigrdniindu^nbsp;iiio,cum�ccdriccep�rit,dliudcoriumfubtiliusoportetimponi,�cie:!rfo*nbsp;liditdtemcii�odiet,0'nitorem. O Tribus corijsfuerit d�forma�nbsp;tum, ] Coriumietidm pro duilu Qr dire�ione teil orij dt(^ pauimenti,nbsp;dixit,l�.Cdtocdp,i3,derert�icd� P Vti cumfubigiturnonhfnbsp;rear ad rutrum.] Contra in albario opere cenfend(im,docet Plinius �nbsp;bro SScdp.ij, Q_ Scdetiammortariocollocato-] ProlocO'nbsp;mortarium dixit, ubi adnitente certatim hominum midtitudine, mater idnbsp;pin�turitj�bigitur,. R Itac^parietibusuereribus] rclt;;i{lt;rioriH��nbsp;tantd fiiit dpud dntiquos cra�itudo, ut exe�isilogi�lt;e, id tft algor i�lt;t, innbsp;fupputdtionibui fuis,pro menfulis Cf tdbulis dc�rmatorijstuterentur�nbsp;Porro iiBud admonendum puto, u�os e�e dnliquostad pdrietuntte�oridtnbsp;feilis in quadrata tdbulis,fexdnguld,triquetrd, marmoribus, aldbd�rite,nbsp;er idgeniM lapidibuncr uitro,dutindu{liscru�is puris,uelpiiiis,autc^nbsp;litii,id eft,dlbario opere, uel marmorato, non in�gnitis, nec a�ieris,autnbsp;conird,in�gnito dlbario,marmorat�ue. bSos'ni��[lor,dndglyphicu opusnbsp;dicer e polfumiisicum extabitjicutdiaglyphicum, quado introrfus fiet imnbsp;pre�io. Admifeuerunt er incru�dtionibus'concbat, poti�imum�ntiumnbsp;�rnicibus,quodgenusiuidetur inuiBa Ciceronis adPormias Campan�enbsp;oppidum,inter�iiiLr�s purpuris, peloridtbus, er dlijs conchis : et Romtenbsp;dliquotlociiJdiquodrccentiores imitatifunt non in�liciter.. S Ipfaqucnbsp;tcdoriajabacorum �^fpeculorumdiuifionibus, ] Abacus,.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. VIL 50^ iuHore Cdpe�d libro Geomtriie, res efldcpingendis de/jgmtndis^ op*nbsp;portund�rmis T Et fpcculorumdiuifionibus.] lieijueeniinnbsp;uHdfpecttldredduntcertiores imdgincs,qMmhuiufmodiexpolitdte�toenbsp;ria,dut teuigdtie mdrmorc� cruftlt;e; dd qudm renfuidimus Venetijsnbsp;t�it(Smiri�onbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Tripokd uti,ut nos docemus libro de polituris. Specula au

tern fieri folcreiexftdnno,et pofteaargentedttradit Pliniui libro ifMp,^, V Sin autem in craticrj s reftoria erunt facienda. J Craticij panbsp;rietesfiunt ex direilis e:^ tranfuerfis lignk, dut cannk potiusintextis innbsp;trdtismodtim,utltb.i:cdp,3.A Papinidno lib.Panded.n. profocio, exnbsp;Held, dicitur paries concraticiuf, id eft, craiitius inter duos comunis, idnbsp;tft,quiinterduos confines ftruiturlor ciuaftintergeritur, unde intergeri*nbsp;num appellant,Plinius Ub.it.cap.if, e;!r Sextus Pompeius. X Chuisnbsp;mufcarifsperpetu�figantur. ] Clauosmufcarios inter pretor, quinbsp;funt umbeUati, id eft, capitibus latioribus, er expafiis in orbem cacumini*nbsp;bus,quomodo umbellatos fixniculi,fiitnbuci,Qj- anifidicimus flores. Ndwnbsp;5�lt;e Diofcorides dicit oVJxS'ia., id eft, comdt e:y umbeUas, Plinius lib.u,nbsp;cdp.xd.uocat tnuficdria,femine(inquit)inmufcdrijs pcndente.Sunt cr alijnbsp;elauluncinciti, id eft, noncirculatis capitibus ,/ed qui pro umbeUauncuntnbsp;babent,VncinosVitruuiuslib.s.cdp.to,dppeilat, Y Irerumlutoinnbsp;du to.] Scribendum induHo.Eft autem inducere,telloriumddderejn*nbsp;ducuntur edlx,gypfum,drendfum, marmoratum/G' ftmilid,tru[la : cclo*nbsp;Tester cerd,penictllo. Dicuntur etiam decretaicr fcripta/atq; huiufmodi,.nbsp;indulldipro abolitis obliteratis, quodiatramento induit 0 dele�nlur�

QVIB VS rationibus|ficcislocistelt;Sona opoftcatfic ri dixi;nunciquemadmodumhumidis locis^politiogt;nbsp;ties expediantur, ut permanere poffint fine uicijs ,exponam.nbsp;Et primumiconclauibus,qu�/plano pede fuerinr,ab imo pa^nbsp;uimcnto/alte circiter pedibiis tribiis,pro arenato/tefta trullifgt;nbsp;letur, amp; dirigatur, utie�parres teAoriorumfab humorencnbsp;uitientur, Sinautcaliquispariesperpetuos habuerit humogt;nbsp;Ks,paulumab eorccedatur,�i ftruaturaltertenuisdiftan�

5t� M. VITRVVn POLL� �beo,quantutn resparictitr,amp; inter duos parietesfcanal/s durnbsp;caturft'nferior quaim libramentum conclauis fuerit,habens na quot;nbsp;res/ad locum patentem. Itemcum in alticudinem perftruAusnbsp;fuerityrclinquantur fpiramenta. Si enim/n� per nares humor,nbsp;amp; in imo, amp; in fummo habuerit exitus, non minus�'n nou�nbsp;ftruAura fc dilfipabit. His perfedis/paries t�fta trullifletur, Sinbsp;dirigatur,8ctuncteftoriopoliatur Si autem locus/non pa^nbsp;lietur ftru�uram ficri,canalcs fiant,amp; nares excant ad locumnbsp;patentem.Deinde/tegul�bipedalcstexuna parte fupramar^nbsp;ginem canalisimponantur, ex altera parte/beffalibus latergt;nbsp;culis pil� fub�ruantur. In quibusduarum tcgularum angu#nbsp;li,fcdercpofl�nt,amp;ita/a parietce�diftent,ut nepluspateantnbsp;palmum : deinde infuperfcreft� hamat� tegul�/ab imo adnbsp;�ummum parictcmfigantur,quarum intcriorcs partes'eurionbsp;Gus picentur,ut ab icrefpuant liquorg. Item in imo Si in fumnbsp;mo fupra cameramihabeant fpiramenta. T um autcmcalcenbsp;ex aqua liquidaidealbcntur, uti trullifiationcm teftaceam nonbsp;refpuant. Namcf propter ieiunitatem, qux/eft a fornadbusnbsp;excolt;fta,tru'liirationem nonpoffunt recipcre,nccfuftincre,nbsp;nifi calxfubie�ra/utrascj resinter fe conglutinet,amp; cogatcoigt;nbsp;re.TrulIiflationcinduda/pro arenato teftadirigatur, SCcxf'nbsp;tera omnia(uti fupra feriprafuntin teftoriorum rationibus)nbsp;perficiantur. Ipfi autem policioniseor� ornatus^proprias degt;nbsp;bent habere decoris rationcs,uti amp; ex locis/aptas, amp; ex gencgt;nbsp;rumdifcriminibus'nonali�nashabeantdignitates. Triclinijsnbsp;bybernis/noncft urilis h�c compoGcio, ncc megalographia�nbsp;ncccamcrarumcoronario opcrefubtilisornatus;quodcadi �nbsp;ab ignis fumo, amp;ab luminum crebris fuliginibustorrum^nbsp;puntur. In his ucro,'fupra podia, abaci/ex arramento funtnbsp;l'ubigcndi,ecpoliendi cuneis f�laccis,feu minaceis interpofids.nbsp;Cum cxplicat� fuerintcamer� pur�, amp; polit�,enam pauigt;nbsp;mcntorum,ti5erit difplicens (fiquis animaduertere uoluerit)nbsp;Gr�corum hybernaculorum ufus, qui minime fumptuofusnbsp;cft,icd utilis apparatus.Foditur enim intra libramentum tri^nbsp;clinij�ltitudo circiter pedum binum,amp; folo fiftucatojinduci^ lt;1nbsp;tur aut rudus,auc teftaceum pauimentum, �ta faftigatum, utnbsp;in cana�

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. Vit 3� � incanali habear narcs.Deindc(congcfttSjamp; fpifTc calcatiscar#nbsp;bonibusiinduciturexfabiilone,amp;calcc,amp;fauinami'xtamagt;nbsp;i terieSjCraffitudinefemipcdali'adregulamamp;libeUam,amp;ftim�nbsp;mo libramento cote defpumato/redditur rpeciesni�gripauigt;nbsp;K menti.Ica conuiurjs eorum,amp; quod poculis amp; fputifmatisef#nbsp;funditur,fimiil atc^ cadit,ficccflit: quique uerfantiir ibi minigt;nbsp;filantes, �l.finudis pedibus fuerjntnon recipiunt frigus/ abnbsp;ciufnaodigenerc pauinaenti.

A Habens nares ad locum patentem, ] Nrfr� inte�ligit ix� trem�m perftru�i canalis pirtem, qudegerituntiuicijuidhumoriicon�nbsp;teptuine�jdejliipfdscdmlifauces, B Beflalibus laterculispilaenbsp;fubdruantur.'j Id efl/o�opoSicum, C Deinde infuper eredlaenbsp;hamat� tegul � ab. ]nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;, ad diff�rentiam edrum, quas lib. f,

cap.io.dixit �n�marginibus,SHntenbntegularumidliqu^plan�,crinc4 naliculi modum duihe, Alitchabcnt margbtes utrinque extantes, c�teranbsp;pldtt�:edshoclocouocdthdmdfds ,Tegulieprlt;eteredVitruuio funtlte�anbsp;latior�s,qu�buitno tam ad �ruHuram utimur, quam ad pauimenta)^ alianbsp;opcrd,inquibu{tegendiufumpr�ben[, D Quafum inferiores parnbsp;tes curiofiuspicentur.] Picetiquata/inunganturoblinanturue, �nbsp;Necmcgalographia.] Megalographiam intcrpretor/pi�urdmma*nbsp;Kntfumpfus,e^ magnarum perfonarwm aut rerum de�rmatricemlatquenbsp;figuratricem,uti Deorinn,pugnarum,fibulartim,utproximo cap-fcquennbsp;ti.eo modo dixit Plini�� lib,if. cdp.io.Kbypdrographon,fordiddrum at*nbsp;que humtliitm rerumipi�orem, F Nee camerarum'coronarionbsp;op�r� fubtilis ornatus.] Hoe�m monuit proximo tertio capitula,.nbsp;G Etfolofiftucatoinducitur.] ldefl,folopalato, altds�gmfcasnbsp;bitpauitof�ucdldutuc�ibus, H Deindc/congeftis S^fpilTccalcanbsp;tiscarbonibus.]HocfcribtitPliniinlib.;lt;s.cap.if.crPailadiuslib,i,nbsp;rap.^, 1 Etfummolibramentocotcdefpumato.] idefljet�nbsp;iuto,�b�erfo. Plinius di�o capite,dictt d�]fumdre,ztr paulo po�.Cotedenbsp;politti^^ititerprctansiUuddcffumare. K Et quodpoculis/amp;fpunbsp;�ifiiaatiseffutiditur,] Ide�'�gt;utisz;rexcreationibus, qu�/�Gr�citnbsp;Q- TtiTi/o�^ocrq.dkanturfmneitalif Satyraa, po�eriore

Jiz M. VITRVVII POLL. ufute�,nttm �a ut legdtur pldcetmdgis,^u^ utdlijs t�fum t�, padtiM*nbsp;te,Q^i Ldceditmonium (induit) payfmdtelidgt;rKdt oriem,prodnnub�

CAEtcris conclauibus,id cft uernis,autumnalibus, uis edatn atrijs/amp; perifiylijs, confiicutx funt ab andquis^nbsp;ex ccrtis rebus cerc^radonespi�urarum.Name^ pidura/itnanbsp;go fit eius quod eft,feu poteft eflcjud hominis,�dificij, nauis,nbsp;reliquarumcj rerum, c quaru formis ccrtisqg corporum finigt;nbsp;bus figurata fimilitudine/fumunrur cxempla. Ex eoontiqui�nbsp;qui initia expolitionibus infiituerunt,iniitati funtprimun�.'nbsp;crufiarum marmorearum uarictates/amp; collocationes, dcin^nbsp;dc/coronaruni,amp;filaccorum,miniaccorumqgcuneorum/in^nbsp;ter fe uarias diftributiones.Poftea ingreffi funr^ut etiam xdi^nbsp;ffciorum figuras, columnarumc�, amp; failigiorum eminente�nbsp;proicduras/imitarenturjpatendbus autem locis, uti exedris,nbsp;propter amplitudinem parietum, fcenarum frontcsTragiconbsp;more, aut Comico, feu Satyrico de�gnarent : ambulationi^nbsp;bus uerolpropter (pacia Iongitudinis,uarietatibus topiorumnbsp;ornarent|!ab certis locorum proprietadbus imagines expri#nbsp;mentes.Pingunturcnim portus,promontoria,litora,flumi^ tnbsp;na,fontes,eurypi,fana,luci,montes, pecora paftorcs, non^nbsp;nullis locis itemjfignorum mcgalographiambabentem Deonbsp;rum fimulacra, ieu fabularum difpofitas explicationes, nonnbsp;minus T roianas pugnas,feu Vlyffis erradones per topia,c3enbsp;terac�fquj funt eorum fimilibus rarionibusjab rerum naturanbsp;procreata.Sedb�cfqu�aueteribus ex ueris rebus exemplanbsp;fumebantur,nunc/(niquismoribusimprobantur.Nampingt;nbsp;guntur ledorijs monftra potius,quam ex rebus finitis imagi^nbsp;nes cert�.Pro columnisenim/fiatuuntur calami,pro faftigijs 'nbsp;barpaginetuli ftriati cum crifpis folrjs amp; uolups. Item candegt;nbsp;labra/�dicularum fuftinentia figuras,fupra faftigia carum f�rnbsp;genres ex radicibusKum uolutiscoliculi tcneriplures, habennbsp;tes in fejfine radonc fedcndafigilla, non minus edam ex coligt;nbsp;culii

�ulisiflores,dimidiata habcntes ex fe cxeuntfa figilla, alia/hu^ tnanis,aliaibeftianim capitibus fimilia. Haec autemhec funr,nbsp;nec fieri poiTuntjncc fuerunt. Ergolica noui mores cot'gerunr,nbsp;Utt inertia mail indicesconniueant artium uirtutes. Qucmadlnbsp;naodum enim poteft calamus/uerefuftincreteftum autcangt;nbsp;delabrum/�diculaSjamp;ornamentafaftigti j feu coliculus tamnbsp;tenuis amp;mollis,fuftinerefedcnsfigillum,auc de radicibusj amp;nbsp;coliculisiexparte flores dimidiatac� figilla procrcari�Athaecnbsp;falfauidentcshominesinon rcprehendunt,fed delcAantur :nbsp;nec� animaduertuntjfi quid eorum fieri poteftinecnc. ludicifsnbsp;autem infirmis obfcurat� mentes, non ualcnrprobarc,quodnbsp;poteft efle cum authoritatc amp;rationedecoris. Necg enim pigt;nbsp;(fturae probari debent,qu�inon funt fimiles ueritati:nec fi fagt;nbsp;ft� funt elegantes ab arte,ideoidehisftatimdebentrepentenbsp;iudicari, nifi argumentationis certas habucrint rationes/finenbsp;offenfionibus explicatas. Etenim etiam Trallibusicum Apanbsp;turiusAiabandcustlegantimanufinxifletfccn�nminufcugt;nbsp;lo theatro,quod*ixKWi�sT�/(ov apud cos uocitatur,in eat^fccifl�tnbsp;pro columnislt;�gna,ccntauros(�fuftinctcsepiftylia,tholor��nbsp;rotundatelt;fta,faftigiorum prominentesuerfuras,coronasc�nbsp;capitibus lconinis or natas: qu� omniaiftilUcidiorum etcdi�nbsp;1 habent rationem. Pr�terea/fupraeam nihilominusepifcc#nbsp;K nium,in quaitholi, pr�nai,femifaftigia, omnisc� tefti uariusnbsp;pifturis fuerat ornatus� Itac�icum afpecftus cius fcen� propternbsp;afpcritatemieblandireturomni5uifus,amp;iam id opus/progt;nbsp;barefuiflcnt parati,tum Licinius mathematicus(prodijt,Si ait,nbsp;Alabandeos/fatis acutosiadomnes res ciuilcshaberi,ledprogt;nbsp;pter non magnum uitium indeccnti�iinfipicntes eos efleiudinbsp;catos,quodin gymnafio eorum qu� funt ftatu� ,omnes|funtnbsp;caufasagentes,inforo autem/difeos tenenres,autcurrentes,nbsp;feu pilaludentes. Ita indeccnsiintcr locorum proprietates fta#nbsp;tus fignorum, publice ciuitatiiuitium exiftimationis adiccit.nbsp;V ideamus item nunc ,ne Apaturij fccna|cff!ciatamp; nos Ala#nbsp;bandeos,aut Abderitas. Quisenim ueftrum/domosfupratenbsp;gularu m telt;ftapotcft habere, aut columnas f feu faftigiorumnbsp;explicationcs i H�cenimifupracontignationes ponuntur,n5

quot;314 H. VITRVVII POLL, fupratcgularum recta. Sicrgo, qu� non pofliincin ucn'tate/nbsp;ranonem habere fafti,in pidluris probauerimus i accedemu�nbsp;�i nosihis ciuitatibus, qu� propter h�c uiriainf�pientes funtnbsp;iudicatf. Itac� Apatiiriusconcra refpondere n� eft aufus, fednbsp;fuftulitfcen3m,��i adrarioncmueritan's c�mutatana ,pofteanbsp;correftamapprobauit, Vcinamdijimmortaks fedi�cntjUtnbsp;Li�ciniusfreuiuifceret, �icorrigeret hancamcnriam , te�orio#nbsp;rumcp errantia inftituta : fed quare uincat uen'tatem ratio falgt;nbsp;fa,noncritalienum exponere. Quodenim antiquwnfumengt;nbsp;teslaborem amp;induftriam,probarccontendebant anibus,idnbsp;nunc/coloribus �c eorura eleganti ipccie conicquuntur, SAnbsp;quam fubtilitas artificis adijciebat Operibus auftoritatcm,nbsp;nunctdominicus fumptus eff�cit/ne def�deretur. Quisenimnbsp;antiquorum, non ,uti medicamento, minioiparce uidetiirnbsp;ufusefleCAtnunqpai��mlpl�rumcjtotiparietcs inducuntur,nbsp;(A Accedithuc�chryfocoIla,oftrum,armcnum: h�cuerocum lgt;nbsp;inducuntur,amp; � non ab arte funt pofita,fulgentes tarnen ocu fjnbsp;lorum reddunt uifusjSi ideoiquod pretiofa funt, legibus ex^nbsp;cipiuntur,uta domino,non arcdemptore,reprjfcntentur. onbsp;Quae/commonefecere potui ut ab errore difccdatur,in opcrcnbsp;tedoriofatisexpofui.Nuncfdeapparationibus,utfuccurregt;nbsp;rc potuerint, dicam : Sa primum ,quoniam de cake initio eftnbsp;diiftum,nunclde marmore dicendum reftat.

A C�tcrisconclauibus.]Jrff/�,frfchm/�,lt;fc�f�famp;�tfcJrolt;s.c4p.r� B Namquepiftura/imagofiteiusquodeftjfeupotefte�c-]nbsp;Vtd�) idSiari foltt Hcrdiiinum i�udltx arte Poitica,

Atnonfineri(itJ})c�ldripoU�,ini�oeiuilibridit,piSiortm,^uihumdnocd pitiUelit iungere eijttindm ccruicem, �� udrias ittducereformdt. Ed demSnbsp;pingcndd ex^imdbdt,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ndturd non dbhorrerent � �^cc mihi obijcidt,

antiquorumhniufmodioperd'etidmnuncDfiendi,cr,qdodpiitur�genM moKreprchendit,ltdiii di�dsgrotefcdt, non poffunt utrit diet piHtirtt,nbsp;^udfunt

^u^fmtdueritdtetiU�nie,etidinf�du�oresniiiheftntegrcgios, Seddepifj'��^^ ^urd fcribemiu dliqudndoicrcolorimt compof�tionaproprio dicdto einbsp;gt;��ltbro,quod nu�ui ttntduit,zir pi�ortbtu ipfisiifu mdgii ([tidm rdtionenbsp;cognitum. Quod dutem itd reliquorum colorum rdtionein dttinet, (qudti*nbsp;doqnidemuitrdrifs,figulis,infi��ribu^fudcfle^coloruinrdtio)id�o�innbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�i.

ttiiniaccorumquecuncoruni] Sildceos 'dSile/fopurpurei�hoclo P^/�' to interpreter ex cdp .i.er i4:huiut Itbri. Qudnqu� fitiffe jil lutei cola�nbsp;r�j�cile excdp.7^fnntipote/�,Cuenim dixilfetpcbrdmAtticdmn�hd�nbsp;ieri,fubiungit, itd^ dntiquiegregid copid filisidd polition� operum funtnbsp;u�,ut liberum�tutru uolef dicerecuneosf�ldceos,purpureos,dut luteos,nbsp;D Scenarumfrontcs/tragicomore,autcomico,] Edfunttridnbsp;Scendrttmgenerd,dequibusfcrip�tlib,f,cdp.s, E Varietatibusnbsp;topiorum ornarcnt. ] Topidrididrbufculis yfruticibus, er herbis,nbsp;Udridrum rerum ej�gies repr�fentdnt,d Topijsjd e�,�nicuIis.Topidrifnbsp;dutem dicuntur drti�ces�rmdndarum drborum, duthcrbdrum tn udridsnbsp;jDrmi((,quo nomineiutuntur A�icdnus Pdnde�-libii.de legdtis tertio, etnbsp;VlpidnunMfemeldefi{ndoit^ru�o.Pdnde�Jib,}f, F Flumina,fonnbsp;tes,Euripi.] Euripi,du�oreCiceronelib,i,delegibuf,futttdu�usnbsp;�giwrjMM, qui er ndiieodemloco dicuntur, itd tdmen, ut exi�imem'nilosnbsp;effe� mdiores �nt, Vtuntur Euripo hdc �gni�cdtione Plinius lib. s. cdp�.nbsp;ts-lib.i�.cdp. if.cr dlijslocis, Ouid.lib,i,de Ponto,Suetonius in Ctefdrenbsp;rii�dtore, ScnecdEpilioldrulib,14., er Ldmpridiui inHeliogdbdlo, lt;3nbsp;Profaftigijs,Arpaginetuliftriati,] Orndmentigenus,quodqud�nbsp;le�(erit,nefu�itcdriquidempotuL H Inmipufculothearro quod]nbsp;Loow quo /pe�dtum couenirent,minufculum dutem Thedtrum d, Grtecisnbsp;^iapf��/iopdiciturfUtdpud Vdrronemlib.t,dereru�icd,cdp.s. Inbsp;Praetereafupraeam/niliilo minus epifeenium. ] Epifeeniunt !nbsp;�ue Epifcenos,Ht lib. y. cdp.7. dicitur, quodfuprd Scendtn extruitur, idnbsp;tfi,columndtionum�uecontigndtionumordines. K InquaThoIi.]nbsp;T holos,quorum mentio �ild e� lib. 4- cdp.7.( �d hoc otniferdmus,quoinbsp;proprium erdteiusloci)mtelltgimus^ere�liorei te�iidinesftcmplis dddi �tnbsp;litds,qudsltdlitribundsuocant. E��untidutre(idngul,e,dutdd hemicy�nbsp;tliducunturdmhitum- L AccedithucChryfocolIa^cfcj^ifoeoSK

utuittur durifices'adglutinando �rrumindndo^duro,Bordcemuocdn� te{,ednt Venetijf uidimus quddruplici coloris dierenlid,dlbdin,lutedin,ninbsp;ridem,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nigricdiit�. Qj^snqudm [cribit Plimnsiib.}} .cdp.f.tt colorent

e�eberbte feg,etistl�t� uirentis ,e(feq; humorc^npuleorttm fcrobibui per uenam dundeftuentem, crajjefcente limo rigoribus hyberttKiufq; induri�nbsp;-nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;pamicis. Lduddtiorem in �rurijs metdUis, proximdmlin drgentdrijs

fieri, Inueniri nbsp;nbsp;in plumbarijs luih�imdm durdridm,, pingt etidtn ante*

qadmpingdt,legereliqud. M Oftrum.] Purpurdm,uttnfrdcap,t}, N �rmenium.] ArmeniusldpisDiofcoridi lib.f^cdp.^e.cerulei colorisnbsp;eft, Plinio Lb, jf. cap. 6. uiridis^ccnimunicdto colore cum ceruleo, Onbsp;Vt a domino,n5arcdemp�ore/repr �fententur.] Id eft, qui rtnbsp;cipit extruenddmnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;inducendam domum,coginon poteft lege,in pingen�

doiuti chryfoco�d,oftro,cr drmenio, qudndoqutdem id geniu colores pre ciofiores funt^qudm ut inter reliquos hdberi debednt,nifi id pdtlus fis. PUnbsp;niuslib.fs.cdp.s.floridoscolores died ejft,quosidominutipingenti prue�nbsp;ftdtftiinium, Armenium, Cinndbdrim, Chryfoco�dm, indicumjZ^ p�r�nbsp;puriftum.

MArmor/non eodem gcncrc omnibus regtonibus prof creatur,f�d quibufdam lods/gleb�(ut faits) micas pernbsp;lucidas habentes , nafeuntur, qu�/contufe amp;molit�,pr�#nbsp;fiant tedorijs amp; coronarijs operibustutilitatem. Quibus au^nbsp;tem locis/h� copi� nonfunt,cemcnta inarmorca,fiue affulae �nbsp;dicuntur,qu�/marmorarij ex operibus deijciunt, pi lis ferreisnbsp;lt;ontundunrar,cribris�jex�rnuntur^E� autemexcret�ltrinbsp;busgeneribusfcpon�[ur,�amp; qu� parsgrandior fuerit,quem Cnbsp;admodum fupraferiptum cft,arenato primumeum calce ingt;nbsp;ducitur,deindefequens,actertio/qua?ftibtiliorfuerit. Quigt;nbsp;businduAis/Sidiligenti teftoriorumfricatione leuigatis,denbsp;coloribus ratio habcat�r,uti in his/pcrluccntes exprimantnbsp;iplendores,quorumh�ceritdifferentia,lSiapparatio.

Tonarium c{)Uiidit(gt;lex(fljnte(iinum, cralbitrium,utc�()-i.lil,.f, id tx materid V ex cake ; fed pro coronit^quibui pracinguntur par�tes,nbsp;ilio loco dccipit;hoc autem capitdcr q:iarto,proornamento earner arumnbsp;Mt��igenduni opus corottar{u,de qutbus coronisfcrip�thuiuf libri cap.3,nbsp;B SiueAITul^ dicuntur.] Affulasuocat,lt;juait Gracitmi^^s^dicunt,nbsp;id e� fragmenta�uc fruflula,lt;pi�tfcAlpendo marmore excidunt,eal�rreisnbsp;pi�ittis tunduntur,cr fetacek mcermculisitriplici dt�irentia cribrantttrnbsp;ad teiloria^quod cra�i�mtumfuerit,fubailuminducitur primo; ubiarutnbsp;rit,mcdtocri fit fecundum corium j fubtilt�imoitertium corium dirigitur�nbsp;C Quemadmodumfupraferiptumeft] Cap.j.huiuslibri,

. OLOreslal�ifuntquipcrfeicerrislocisprocreantur,amp; V J indefodiuntur:nonnullijtxalijsrebus traftationibus,nbsp;autmixrionibuSjf�u temperaturfs compofiti/perficiuntur,nbsp;uti pr�ftent cadem in operibus utilitatera, Primwm autem exnbsp;� ponemusiquf perfcnaftcntiafodiuntur,utiquodGr�ci �xP�nbsp;dicitur, H�c ucroimulfislocis(utetiam inltalia)inucnitur,nbsp;fed qu� fuerat optima, Attica,ideoinunc non habetur , quodnbsp;Athenisargentifodin�cumhabueruntfamilias, tuncfpecusnbsp;fub terra fodiebantur/ad argentum inueniendum. Cum ibinbsp;uena forte inueniretor , nihilominusuti argentum perfeque#nbsp;C bantunitaque antiquilegregia copiai�lisZad poliuonem ope#nbsp;rumfuntufi,Itcmrubric3E^copiof�multis lotiseximuntur,nbsp;fed optim�(paucis,uti Ponto Sinope,amp; Aegypto,in Hifpa#nbsp;6 niaBalearibus,nonminus etiamLemno,cuiusinful� ueAi#nbsp;galia, Athenien�bus/SenatuspopuluscjRomanusconceflitnbsp;fruenda.Par�toniumuereyexipf�slocjs,undefoditur,habci

bus lociSj^cd optima/Ponto proxi'meflumcn Hypam�mha/ becmetallum. Altjs lods,utincer Magnef�� amp;bphcfi fines,nbsp;funt loci'unde efFoditur paraja,quam/nec molcre,nec cerne#nbsp;rc opus efijfed fie eft fubdlis, quemadmodum fi qua eft manunbsp;contufai�C fubereu�

A Coloresal�j funt,quipcrf� ccrtislocisprocrcantur.] C�* lorwmnl^ natiui funt, id efi,ut uulgus uocdt,mineritles,lt;}uifodiuntur,lt;iuosnbsp;numerat Plittiw �b. if,cdp.6,Sinopin,rubricdm,pdrietoniutn, eretrMtn,nbsp;tturipigmentumidlijifunt�(litii,lt;iuitnixturitcrlt;trtefinguntur. Debitnbsp;qui ndj�untur,hoc capite cr proximis duobuf loquitur. De dlijs qui funt�nbsp;reliqu� c�pitibui [ertnoerit. B Vti quodGr�cc�;^adicitur,Jnbsp;Ochrd luted �fi;cumuritur^fitri^ra.Scribit Plinius di�ocdp.s. Ochrdntnbsp;etidm fieriixulld rubricd in oUis nouisiluto circumlitis.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�y in Topd^

zio.infttld rubri mdris ndfci,idemiex du�oritdtelubte re�rt.vide Diofetf ridemlib.^.cdp.^�). C ItaqucanriquicgregiacopiaSilis] Si^nbsp;lisltrid funtgeiterd dpudPlinium lib. �� cdp. u. Atnc�w, lti.drmorofutn,nbsp;Pritffumfiue Syricum,proprie^iimum effe dicit.Pdulodnte indicduimuf�nbsp;ex hoc loco ex^intdre noslSillutei effe coloris.Cum enim Ochrd Atticd cdnbsp;rerentfU� funt Sile,non iHo qutdem Attico.fed quod proximo dd colorentnbsp;accederet Ochrte. N(lt;m St7 Atticumlexi�imdmHi coloris e�e purpureiuittnbsp;ldcei(quilcy idnthinus dicitur ) Scribit enim Vitruuius cdp-ultimo huius li*nbsp;bridd hdnefententidm, Attici Silis colorem!e�ici,tritd cretd, per�ifdxynbsp;tndcerdtd in dqud,in qud icon�rbuerint uiolie,z;r expreffe �nt. Sdn� Ge*nbsp;orgiusAgricold,Ub.demetlt;jlis,po�Hermoldumexi�imdt^idLdtiniseffenbsp;Sil,quod Griecisti^tx. EtUermoldus�teturfedUqudndodeceptum,quinbsp;putdritceruleumGT Silfidem ejfe. D Item rubric� copiof�mulnbsp;tislociseximuntur. ] Nihilnecejfe effe ddmoncre, rubricdmter�nbsp;rdmejferubrdm,qud'pi�oresetfdbri mdteridrijutuntur. Qi^iedutehicnbsp;de rubricd feribuntur, edidefynopide dit Plinius libro }f. cdp,s. Synopitnbsp;(inquitynuentde�primumdnPontOfindenomendSynopeurbe.Ndfcitufnbsp;er in Aegypto.Bdledribus, A�icd ,fedoplimd in Lemno er in Cdppddo^nbsp;cid/effo�d �Jfeluncis. Qv�d dutemdddit�dppddocidmpr^termiffaminbsp;y itruuio f amp; strdbo lib.u. fcribit/ubricMi fynopicdm uufei in Cdppd�nbsp;docid.

DE ARCHITEC. Li�. VU. 31^ doc�,Qr Diofcorides libre f.capaoi-Ptilmitn Lemnia f�rt,tiu�d pt rubornbsp;femiiuo provint A. E Nonminuscn'am Lemno. ] Pliniusdidonbsp;cdp.e.exil�imduit^rubricdm Lemnidminon ntpf�gndidm uenunddri, undeinbsp;erfahr Agis AppeUdretur. DeceptnSji^Hiputartt edndci� effe rubric Ainnbsp;LemniAm,�t Lemni� figilldtd,cum hiec,terrdf�tdiuerfAl�r�brica,uelAit�nbsp;�oreGdlenolib-Antidoton.i.tdmetf�Pdulus Aeginctdlibro r.candetndianbsp;(it.Lemrtidiotd/in tresdiffvrentiAi /ecernebatur.Ndmguodfummun�ornbsp;imum erdt,ueluti aijuofum Zif terrettum,reijciebAtur;quod lutum mediumnbsp;trdt,exiccAtiim deinde,imdgine flgndbdtur-Vt uideri po�it^quiBolus Arsnbsp;MenitKplfo bdiienuslin officinis credttits eft, terr a efti Lemnid quot;, cum nonnbsp;ex Armenid i!Je,ftdLemno Aegei murii infuldaduehaturtOquot; terrd,lt;jMnbsp;ttidm nunciLemno ddueilAfigi�dtd utimur,[olumdiffirdt, quod uidenturnbsp;ddmixtA f�ift� fdbulonis grdnd,ut commodius ftgt�o infignireturAd quodnbsp;tnonuit Antonius Muf�jey nos Venetijsprob�uimus : qudnqudm Aloyponbsp;Kundelbeidliteruifum eft in medicinahbuf Epiftolis . Lege Diofeoridemnbsp;lib.s. cdp. 104. ey GAlenumf�mplicium medicdmentorum lib. o. numq-inter eos nonconuenit. Apud NicdndrumreperiQ,miltonLemnidm, pronbsp;rubricalemnid- F Paraetoniumucro/cxipfislocisundefodisnbsp;tur.] P4r^/om�md/ocoAeggt;pH,��lt;ie�diturtiomenhabet-fierifcribitnbsp;Pliniuslib.}!.cdp-lt;s. ex j�umd mdrisfoliddtdcumlimo, �cdndidiscolorisnbsp;bus pingui�imum, ey te�orijs tenue i�imumpropter liuorem, quad eynbsp;dixerdtlib.fs.cdp.s. G EademrarioncMelinum.] Kelinumcrnbsp;ipfumicdndidumeft,Optimum in Meloinfuld,dtt�orePlinio,lib.}S�Cdp,6tnbsp;iielinu coloremilatinigituum,du�ore Seruio Georgicunlib .f.appeBant,nbsp;in flortbuspro luieo diet AnimAducrtoiDio�coridi er c�teris,tAeminit P4�nbsp;lusiurifconf.Pdnde�Jtbrofz,delcgAtistertio,melinicoloris.EtGAlenusnbsp;iib.t.de compofttione,�etundum genera doeet, quie dicantur melind emsnbsp;pldflra, H Cretaujndi'si�mi'pluribuslocisnafcitur.] Eaeft/nbsp;quantum conijeere poffum, quam ueluti terram uiridem lappeHant, lnbsp;Hane aut� Gr�ci bto^oTlop uocant ] Videtur Plinit� lib ,3s, cap�nbsp;^.idjceruf�e triuijje. Eft ey color (inquit) tertius � candidis ceruf�e^cusnbsp;ittsrdtioncmtnmetdilis diximus.Puitiy terrdiperfeinTheodotifimdonbsp;inuenta Smyrnte,qua ueteres/ad nduium pi�itras utebdntur. N �nc omnis/nbsp;nplumbo er aceto flt K Auripiamentum quod Sifirtv/Ko/,,nbsp;Grsecc

Gr�ce dici tur. 3 Auripigmetttuntfcribit Pliitii� Iti-} j^cap, 4. in Sfi riafiJipi�oribuilinfumma tellnfe,duri colore,fed friigili,btpidum^ecunbsp;hrium modo. Non tii� drffcrt reiifiindlt;irMhii,qMm colore. Nam praeternbsp;eam,quie fit ceruffa in fimaec cod(t,de qua cap. �Jn/trw�, efl alia fifiitbinbsp;apud Dtofcoridem bb.f. cap.i�. Repcritur autem cum auro �r argentonbsp;in�diniacolore fiammeo, uulgus Arfenicon rubrum uocat; quod autemnbsp;mixtum lutei ef� coloris,dictturauripigmentum,id e� croceum arfenicon�nbsp;E� amp; tertiam arfenicigeniu album,etiam ��iti�m�

Ephefiorum Cilbianisfprimum memoratur efleinuctum, cuius�C res, Sgt;L ratio�aris magnas habet admirationes. Fodi#nbsp;tur enim gleba,qu3e/Anthrax dicitur,antequam traftationi#nbsp;bus ad minimum perueniat, uena uti ferreomagis fubrufonbsp;colore, habens circa ferubrumpulucrem.Cumidfoditur,nbsp;explagis ferramcntorum/crcbras emittit lachrymasargentinbsp;uiuijqu�lafofforibusftatim colh'guntur.Hf gleb�t� coUed�nbsp;funtin oificinam, propter humoris plenitatemtonqciunturnbsp;in fornacem ,ut incerarcicant, amp; is/qui ex his ab ignis uaporcnbsp;fumusfuicitatur,cum refedit in folum furni,inucnitur efle arnbsp;gentum uiuum.Exemptis glebis, gutt� c�,qu�irefidebunr,nbsp;propter breuitates non polTuntcollig�fed in uas aqu� congt;nbsp;ucrruntur,amp; ibiinter fe congruunt,amp;una confunduntur.Ef Dnbsp;autcm(ciim fint quatuor fextariorum menfur�,cum expendnbsp;duntur,inucniuntur efle pondo centum. Cum in aliquouaicnbsp;cftconfufunj, fi fupra id/lapidis centenarij pondusimponagt;nbsp;tur,natat in fummolnecpeum liquorem^oteft onere fuo prenbsp;mere,necclidere,nccdiiriparc. centenario fublato, fi ibiauri Snbsp;fcrupulum imponatur,nonnatabir,fed adimuq^iper Ce deprinbsp;mctur.Ita non amplitudine ponderis, i�d gene re fiagularumnbsp;rerum grauiratem elTemon efl negandum,Id autem multis renbsp;busefl ad ufum expeditum.Necj enim argcntum,necp j^fine fnbsp;copoteflredeinaurari,Cume^ inueftelintcxtumeftaurum,nbsp;caq^ uefl�

DB ARCHITEC� .MB/ VIF, jzi eac� ucftisicontrita^propter uctuftatem ufum non habeatho^nbsp;ncftum, panni (in fiAilibus uafis impofid fupra ignem (com*nbsp;buriinrur.Is cinisfc�rjcicur in aquam, �C additur ei argentumnbsp;uiuum;id autcmiomncs micas auri corripit in fc, amp; cogitfe#nbsp;cum coire:aqua defufa, cum id'in pannum infunditur dc ibi Inbsp;manibus premitur,argentumper panni raritatcspropter li#nbsp;quoremextra labitur aurumlcompre�ione coaAum intra,nbsp;purum inucnitur.

A Ingrediar nunc Mini) rationes cxplicare.] Minittmfcri� lit P�itiui libro ff.cap.r.effedreniecoccinei coloris tritaiotdm�rindm'inbsp;^uod ftdgt;federit,itertim ldudri;idgt;effe utfum nonnu�is 'Minium optimum^nbsp;tlijsiquod primd loturd ficret. Explodendus eorum error efl, qui Cinnd�nbsp;barim cr Miniumiidem effe crediderunt:cum Cinndbdrimjiribdnt, Dio�nbsp;/corides bbro f,cdp. loo. rx quorunddm fententid,et Plinius di�lo cdpite^nbsp;fdniem ejj� Drdconislelifi Elephdntorum morientium pond�r�, p�rimxtonbsp;utriufqi dnimdlisfdnguine,ne^ dlium ej/e colorent,quiin p�Hurispropri�nbsp;redddi fdnguinem.Arridnus uero in Periplo tradit^Cinndbdrint, quod in�nbsp;dicumdppelldtur,e/fe ex drboramp;us quibufddm ueluliIdchryntds * B Idnbsp;auternagris EphefiorumCb'uianisprimum] I� Plinifcodicetnbsp;di�ocdpitefcriptum ejl Cylbidnis,0'libroj.cdp,t9 cum de Ephefo lo�nbsp;queretur,dicit^dllui Cdyftroin Cylbidnis iugis orto. Et in�ne cdpitisiCybnbsp;bidnorum populorum meminit, C Crebras emittitlachrymas arnbsp;gentiuiui.] Q�dluoreff�drgcntiuiuigenerdidnimdducrto.Eflpri�nbsp;mum,Vomicd,liquoris teterniex eo lapide fluentis, qui in drgentiuenis renbsp;per�ur,Au(lorePlinio lib^n^cdp, 0. Secitdigenerismcminitquodfeiantfnbsp;UnushicVitruuius. CoUigitur dutemexAnthrdcefubrufpcolorisgleba^nbsp;qud xonie�d in �rndcem,qui fianus ex eafufcitdtur, ubi in folum ref�.de�nbsp;fU,efl drgentum uiuum,�ipfi dre�(ld,coMfd pdis flrreis,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;niolitd lotd�

minium. Tertium genusiex min io fingi, cr quomodo id fiat, docet liiofeorides lib.f.cdp.^t. Qiioinloco!crqudrtumgenusreperio,quoJnbsp;intermetdlld ndfcitar. Pliniusiib. n.cdp. s. Hydrargyri nomine/ter�nbsp;fiumilluddppellduit.. D Id autem/cum fint quatuor fextario�nbsp;tummenfur�,] Scribo,etecumflntjreflrturenim((dguttiK. E Si

ibifaurifcrupulum imponatur.] Scruputuf, qui CT' fcripulufdic^ tur � Frvntmolilgt;,lt;i� Aqune du�u,cli dra�bmie tertiu pars,ut docetPrifcinbsp;anuslib.de portderibtis,fiue R.hei�niU(5Fannius,iit creditur.Votufiits Me�nbsp;tianus fcriptuliimfcribit ,ceufit 4 Gr^conbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;, nam idem figm�care

Fannius indicat. Gramma uocant noflri,fcrupulum dixerc priores, V Nequc enimargentumjneque �sifinc eo] Plinius tib.ji'.cap.s�nbsp;de argento uiuo loquens, ergo�cr cumara inaurantur ,fublitum bra�eii 'nbsp;pertinaci�imeretinet, G Idautcmiomncsmkasauricorn'pit,]nbsp;Vilnius eodemcap.Omnia ci innatantpr^eter-aurumiid unum itd[e trahit.nbsp;Nota autem ex hoe loco, qua ratione/ex detrita aurata ue�euurum co�iginbsp;po�it. Ex inauratis metallisiquom odo id fieri que at,tr adit Vanno cius Bi*nbsp;ringucius^bbropyrotechnii^^. tap,10.

X^cuaifuntarid�,pilis ferreis contunduntur �t moliui# turj�ClprionibusSCcoftuns crebriseffidcur,ut adueniant conbsp;loreSiQum^rgo hxcjcmilTaerunr, tunc/mtniutn/propternbsp;genti uiui rdiAiotietn, quas in fe naturales habuerat ni�rtutes 'nbsp;relinquit,amp;elFidtur tencra natura/Siuiribusimbccilla. Itaqj'nbsp;cumeft in expolitionibus conclauium/tedoriis induAum,nbsp;pcrmanet fineuicijs(fuo colore. Apertis uero/id eft perifty lijs,nbsp;aut exedris,aut c�ten's eiufmodi locis, quo �01 amp; luna poflitnbsp;(plendoresamp; radios imnaitrerejcuin ab iis/locustangitur,ui^^nbsp;tiaturp amp; amiiTa uirture coloris, denigratur. itaejeum amp; altjnbsp;tut tn�lti,tumetiam Faberi�sfcriba,c�iiiiinAuentirio.xioIuiiTctnbsp;F habere dom� eleganter expolitam ,peri(tylis parietes omnesnbsp;induxit oiinio, qui/poft dies triginca'faAi funt inuenufto ua#nbsp;riocf colore. Itacplprimo loca�it inducendos alios colores.nbsp;At fi quis fubtilior fuerit, et uolucrir expolition� miniaceani'nbsp;f�u�n c�lorem rennere,c� pariesFexpolitusHtaridusfuerit,nbsp;tunc/ceram p�nicam igni liquefaAana/paulo olcorempera^ Bnbsp;tamd�ta inducat ^DdndepofteaArarbonibHS inferreonafe c5 cnbsp;pof�tis,eam ceramiapprime cumpariete calefaciundoifudare

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. VU. 315 cogar,fiatcfutper�quctiir. Pofieatum candela Iintcisq:pult;snbsp;Hsfubigac,uci figna marmorea nudacurantur. Haecaucem.nbsp;� w�wgr�cedicitur. Itaobftansc�racpunic� lorica non pat�nbsp;tur,nec lun� fplcndorem^nec folis radios^Iambcndo eripercnbsp;cxhis polidonibuscolorem. Qu� autcm in Ephefiorum menbsp;tallisfuerunc ofFicin�,nunc/traieft�funt ideoRomam,quodnbsp;M genus uen�/pofteaeftinuentum Hi)pani�regionibus,cxnbsp;quarum metallis/glcb� portantur,amp;:perpubIicanos,'Romxnbsp;curantur. E� autem officin� funtintcr �dem Florae Si Qui^nbsp;rini. V itiatur miniumi'admixta calcc.Itat^fi quis uclit cxpc�nbsp;� riri id fine uitio elTe fie crit faciund�, Ferrca lamna fumatur,nbsp;in ca minium imponatHr,ad ignem collocetur,doncc lamnanbsp;candefcatjcum/ccandore color immutatusfucrir.crirc�atcr,nbsp;tollatur lamna ab ign�, �i Erefrigeratum reftituatur in prigt;nbsp;ftinumcolorem ,fine uitio leeffeprobabit. Sin autem,per^nbsp;manferit nigro colorc,fignificabit/f�eire uiti�tum. Qu� fuc^nbsp;9 currere potucruntmihi de minio, dixi. Chryf�coll^'appor^nbsp;tatur a Maccdonia,foditur autem ex his locis, qui funt proxinbsp;mi�rarris metallicis� Minium/�C^Indicum/nominibusipf�snbsp;indicanqquibus in locis procreantur.

A Rcuertar nuncadMinrj temperaturam,] �D�uerlumcUhoei iMiiiioDiofcoriiits.�^dmlib.f.ciip.wo-fcribitexquodtttnlapideiirgen^nbsp;tcicareiue mixtotemperari-Jn EfquiIi/s,Min�dhodiclolt;(nn� Glt;tdi,erfinbsp;proximd,funt reliqu^fiit fu/picdntutjiurese domits Ncronigego ucr�Pdnbsp;littif T�t e/fe, potiuf dixerim, in his elegdnti�ima cernitur pi�itrd^quant/nbsp;cK)w ddmirdrtr eddci tetippri non ce�ijff ,fcd itd oblit�dtdm efj�,utre=inbsp;ctnsindu�i uidedntur colores, eorum pneterdlios dici uix quedt,qitdnlt;*nbsp;tut� nobis drriferuittiduo no�ro faculo non imitdbiles, luctdeni� or tem�nbsp;perdnter rubens unus,dlt cnljet� uirentis fegetii modo ; �lluiji ntft b�iniuntnbsp;rff'e,huncw�chryfocoadi�,ddducittonpoffumutcrcddm, B Tune/nbsp;' cerampunicamigniliquefalt;flam,] ldefl,cdndidamcerdm. Quonbsp;tiutemfidtmodofcrib� Plinius lib.u.cdp. 14. Ven�ldtur ( inquit) fubdianbsp;ffpiuiccrdfidMfdcinde�ruct in dqud rndrina ex dlto petitdidddito nitro,nbsp;SS ��

indeicgulis eligunt/ftorem, id c�, cdndidt�imd quietj^, trdns�tnduntqi iit uds^ quodexiguitmdrinte hdbedtfrigidie, cf rurfunmdteridm decoquuntnbsp;fepdrdtim, dehincitiu ipfum rc�igerdnt ; cz cum hiccter �ctrc, iuncednbsp;crdtefubdiuoi�cco Sole,Lundq;, hoc enimcdndorcm /icit fi�c �ccdtur;nbsp;Cy ne li(iue�ciat,protegunt tenui linteo. Cdndidi�imd uero�tipo� infoldnbsp;tionemctiamitum record. C Sctainducat.] Ide�pentciHoifetiscontnbsp;po�to^ D Itaobftanscer�punic�lorkajnonpatitur] Hmmcnbsp;locumicufuperiereitd trdnflulit Pliniuf lib.js. cdp.?, de Minto loqucnf,nbsp;Solisdt^'LunxcontdiluiMimicu(,remedium,utpdneti�ccdtoxerdpu*nbsp;nicd cum oleo lique�ild cdndens fetis inducatur, iterum^ ddmotis gdl*nbsp;le cdiim^ufddurdtur dd fudoremufqi,po�elt;tcdndelii fubigdtur,dc de�nbsp;inde linteis pur is �cut er mdrmoranitefcunt, E Ferrealamnafu�nbsp;matur,] LdmndproLdmind,ed�gnrdlt;qudmnd,(^mind,utderipo�nbsp;te�di�um,utdpudHordlium lib.i.Cdrtninum,Ode, 1. Sedenitumndtanbsp;Craecum/cr integrum uerbum,mindm dutem/Ldtinum effe exi�imdri de�nbsp;tet^exPliniolib.ii.cdp.io.Suntiquigrdddtimputdtdiciidmdm,ldmindm,nbsp;er Idmelldm. Certe Sext, Pompeiusjdmdm dit effe Idcundm ,ide�, aqutenbsp;co�e�ionem, qudm dlijilu�rum dppe�ent. C^uod dutem dd rem altinct,nbsp;Plinius di�o j? Jibriloco,dicit^uri modo Minium probdri. Auro cdndcn�nbsp;te�cdtumnigrefcityfyncerumiretinetcolorem. F Et fi refrigeratSnbsp;reftituatinpriftinum colorcm.] Scribendum re�itudtur, Gnbsp;Chryfocollaapportatur a Macedonia.] Diofcor.lib^s^edp,^^,nbsp;fcribit,Chyfocolldmlduddti�imdmtArmenidCdm.EtPliniusltb.ii,cdp.f,nbsp;lduddtt�imdminArmenid,feaMddm!in Mdeedonid, IdrgifiimdnrinHi/fdnbsp;nid, H MiniumSelndicum/nominibus ipfis] Minium,Mi�nbsp;nio ili�)dniiefluuiolnomendedit,uttrddit iii�inui libro 4.4..Scribit Pliniusnbsp;lib,ti.cdp,7,non�realiundelinuehiddRomdnos,qudmcxlii�gt;dnid.Ct�nbsp;leberrimumlex Sif�ponen� regfonein ^eticd,mittidrio metdlloiue�igdli�nbsp;lus Pop.R.omdni,nuUiusrcidiligentiorecuflodid. tndicumduiem, identnbsp;du�or ffl lib. if. cdp. s. ex Indideipportdri, inexplordtlt;e ddhuc inuentio�nbsp;nis. Venetilendigo uocStino�riiquibus chirothecdrum cdndoringrdtus e�,nbsp;ess indicoinficiuntcr colorunt, indidppe�dnteStCcruleutiefiiUi lt;olar,nbsp;Stcrtlt;mtji�r!or,fedde eomoXt

IN Grediar nunc/ad ca , quaecx alqs gcneribus rraftarionS temperaturisc0niutata,redpiunt colorum proprietates.nbsp;fct primum/exponam de atran^ento , cuius ufusfin operibusnbsp;niagnas habet neceff�tates,utf�ntnotf,quemadmodumpr�nbsp;, parentur certis rarionibus artificiorum adidtemperatur�nbsp;* Namcp gdificatur locus,uti laconicum, amp; expolitur marmonbsp;re fubtiliter,amp; leuigatur:ante id,fit fornacula habens in laco#nbsp;C nicum naresjamp;eiuspr�furni� magna diligentia comprimanbsp;tut, ne flamma extra difl�petur *. in fornacerefina collocatur�nbsp;Hancautem/ignis poteftas urendo cogit etnittere per naresnbsp;b intra laconicuin fuliginem: qu�,circaparietem Sicamer� curnbsp;6 uaturam-adhaerefeit : inde collcda partim componitur exnbsp;gummi fubado'ad ufum atramentilibrarii,reliquateclorcs,nbsp;glutinum admiicentes,in parietibus utuntur. Si autem hx

A Aedificatur locus utiLaconicum.] Diximmlibrof.Ltico^ tlicum,ejjc ueluti camcrdtam in Hcntif^h^riunt'turriculam in Bi�neis ;nbsp;eiuf forntMt liuhet exlrui, in quodiex adharente �rnaculd de�rdtur fit*nbsp;ntmrefin^. B Habens inLacom'cumnarcs.] idc^iMtert'oreJ/S�nbsp;CCS. C Etcnis pr�furni�,(magna diligentia comprimitur.]nbsp;Hoclocopr�exterioreore�rndeuldiintcrpretor, D Fuligincm.]nbsp;Vuligo'e�denldtM�muflpdrictibuiinhuerens^ E IndecolkAa^pat�nbsp;tim comp oni tur ex gummi] Prlt;efer dtrdnientum librdriiim,id e�nbsp;jKoil fcribimm, de quo Dio�orideshb-f.cdp.ultimo^hictriplcxrdtio�*nbsp;cicndi dtrdmentite�orif/priefcribitur. Pltnimlib. ff,cdp.s, hunclocuntnbsp;eft imitdtui : cuin cnim dixi0�t,dtrdmentum ndtiuimt, dutfdlfuginii modo'nbsp;emdndre,dut terrdmipfdmfulphnrei colorisdd hoc probdri. Pit (jncfwt)nbsp;. Cr �ligine pluribui modif,refind,ucl pice exuflis} propter quodb/ficindinbsp;etidm �dificduere,�mum eum non emittentcs. Lduddti�mum eodem monbsp;do � tlt;edis. Adulterdtur�rndciums balnedrunt�; �ligine, quo dd uolumi*nbsp;tidfcribenddutuntur, Sunt/fS� quiuinificemliccdtdmiexcoquAnt,a�if*nbsp;mdntq;,� ex bono uino fix �erit,indici figt;eciem'id dtrdmentum prtebere.nbsp;F SarmentajautT�d�jS'chidi�jComburantur.] ToOofub^nbsp;diflin�ionem, cz fcribo,Tiediefchidi(e,id eft�dgmentdicr uelutt affuitnbsp;Cr fecdmentdititd�drboris}dequdie�dpudPlinium �ibrotg, cdp, to.nbsp;Q^dfignficdtioneufumiddmonuimMVib^i,cdp.i, G Scd etiamnbsp;Indici colorein dabit imicari. ] lndicimfpr�ter id quod tdnqudiHnbsp;fpumdiin indicts hdrundinibtis ndfcttur,efi fintmd purpuredinndtdS in*nbsp;fi�lorijs cortinis,Optimum dutem/quodceruleum e�dudtoreOiofcoridenbsp;ltbroi.cdp.93. Et Plinius libroif.cdpite g, Hocgenusiquomodo�dtfrd*nbsp;itdit Ruellfi�lib .t, dendturd�irpitvm,(ut fiitedmurlt;undeproficimiu)nbsp;Jfatim fdttudm, qu� GdUisidudoribuf Ctefdrc primo de bcllo Gdllico, (Tnbsp;Plinit�jldftum dicebdtur,nunc!Guddum,dlijsiPafle�um uocdtur,herbdM 'nbsp;er fi infignibui uirore cduliculis notdtdm, fucco tdmen in�eientem c�ru*nbsp;leo, tru�dttlib'M molis premunt, ul herbdccdm fdnicmiexcluddnt; deindenbsp;exufidm'digernnt in pi�tUos,er tdbuldtis putrefeere /tnunt;po� cortitiitnbsp;in�diorqs coquunt j cz pofi ttniios pdnnos, ccruledm i�dmwndtdntentnbsp;firuentibui cortinif exemptumficcdntpidiorumvfibui, indum uocdntef^

A �Erulei tempcrariones/Alcxandriae primum funtin# V i ucnr��pofica item VcftoriusPuteolisinftituitfaciiin^nbsp;duni. Ratio au tem cius,eqiiibus cft inuenta,fatishabet admfnbsp;B rationis. Arenachtmicumnitri floreeonteritur/adeofubt�i^ Cnbsp;l) ter,uteff�ciaturquemadmodum farina,amp; �ricypriolimisnbsp;crafl�s (ucfcobisjfafto immixta;confpergitur,utconglomcgt;nbsp;retur.Deindc pil�/manibus uerfando efficiuntur, Sgt;i iu col^nbsp;liganturucinarefcant. E�arid�'componunturinurceo f�Ainbsp;lijurceus/infornace ponitur,ita �s jamp;ca arena ab ignis ucliegt;nbsp;mentia conferuefcendo/ciim coaruerint,inter fedandoj�i acgt;nbsp;cipiendo fudor�s,a proprietatibiisdifcedunr, fuiscj rebus pernbsp;ignis uehementi� confedi, c�ruleo rediguntur colore. Vftanbsp;uero,qu� fatis habet utilitatis in operibustelt;a:orijs,(�c tempenbsp;ratur. Gleba filis boni coquitur,ut fit in ign� candcsjca autem,nbsp;aceto cxtinguitur,amp; cff�citur purpureo colore.

A C�rulei tcmpcrationesAIexandri� primum funt ine uent�. ] Ci�rukumiGrteci Cyanon, elt�m � i� rete nf iorKW commmtd�nbsp;fijsS^iZ�rion inuenitur. ArabcSilapidem lazuli uocant, eiui mcmineruntnbsp;DioCco�ideslifc.y.cdp.�y,Gdlen.lifi.mediCdWcnforMiM�mpluiumg,nbsp;Plinio cr Vitruuio.vjl arena. C^erulei etiam nomine jinteUigi poteftgem�nbsp;ntJ, (^uam.UermolaufjTurchicamaitappeUiriabc�icinii, B Arenanbsp;enimicum nitri floreconteritur. ] Cicrulei areneitriaantiquitusnbsp;�t'.IJ'egenera,re�rt Pliniutlib.jj.cap. ultimo, �r ante eumirhcophra�utnbsp;itb.dcgemmii^ Aegyptium, quod maxime probatur; Scytbicum,quod cmnbsp;^lerifMr/tn^MdtHor colores mutatur,candidiorem, nigrioremue, cra�iorS,nbsp;tenuioremuc; Pra�rtur huiciCy priant. Accefferuntpojica Puteolanunt,nbsp;tyHifpanietife.Videreliquat C Cum Nitri flore conteritur.] Ninbsp;tri florem intelUgo, non Arabum Baurach, id efl Aphronitrum nttri�iU�*nbsp;tifam.DeqMlgt;io�orideslib,!.cap.\zz.(^ Plimuf lib.n.cap. lo. fcd߫nbsp;uillam nitrtjid e�.qttod efl in tiitroileuiflimumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;candidi�imunt,ut in �a�

drienimindolijsfarmcta componentes, acctum fufFundunt, amp; fupra farmentafplumbeas maflas collocanc : deindedolianbsp;operculis obturant,neipiramentumobturata emittant, po�nbsp;certum tempus aperiente^inueniunt c maffis plumbeis ceruf gnbsp;fam.Eadem rationdamellasaereascollocantesje�iciuntaerunbsp;ginem , quae'�ruca appellatur. Cerufla uero/cum infornacenbsp;coquitur,mutato colore ad ignis incendium, effi'eitur i�nda�nbsp;racha.Id autemincendio fado ex cafu didicerunt homines,lt;3inbsp;ea'multo meliorem ufum praeflat, quam/quae de metallis petnbsp;fe nata foditur�

A DcccruiTa.] P�mmythium^ideftCerufJamlaudati�imaminPbo doiplinius reftrt lib,^.cap.ultimo. Fieri autem/ramentis plumbi tenw�inbsp;misfuper uas aceti af^errmilimpofitis, atque itaidifltllantibus. Quod eXnbsp;eoiceciditinip[umacetum,arefi�um!molitttrcrcribratitr,iterum^ace*,nbsp;to mixtoiinpa�i�os diuiditur^zy in Sole�ccatur t�ate, Videreliquanbsp;apud Diofcoridem lib. cap.94.. er Serapionem,qui omnium quos legi, dinbsp;ligenti�imedeeare(crip�tclt;tp.i63. B Eadcm ratione lamella�nbsp;aercas col locantes] St tris laminas aut maf�ulin dolio fuper farmen*nbsp;ta'aceto acerrimo afperfai(ompofueris,ut nullum fit fpiramentum, deci*nbsp;�iodietAidoliumaperueris,trugineminuenies.PitcrJaministreisfu*nbsp;pra acetunt

DE ARCHITEC. LIB* VIT. 525� pfddcetufu/�en�siin cddis.nedttingdt, poft(otidedie^ra/ts, Rl^idelimd�nbsp;. tdm arts fcobemlaceto/}gt;drgunt,ucrf!tntq;/^athislfapitts die, doneeabfu*nbsp;i�atur,edndemfcobemalt/ in ttiortdrijsarcisicx deeto terunt-ReliquoS monbsp;ios,quibusfit arugo,fcrtbunl Diofcorides libro ;,cdp.ii.cr Plinius libranbsp;ts-.cdp-i. C CcrufTa'cumin fornacecoquitur,] Sdnddrdchd/nbsp;f� duplex. Po�itid,color� Cinndbdris : lUxtmiu id effequod d uulgo dr feenbsp;fticonrubrumuocdtur.Alidle�/i�itid,ceruffain�rndcecremdtd.li.r� �nbsp;fdnt ArdbesScrapion,Alburgerig,3edigoras,Kle[arugie, Aben mefudi,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;,

Abix,Atdbdti,Rdfis,lpidc P,bendmram,crcateri,dut�rtdffceorum in*i terpretes,qui putdnt Sdnddrdchdm ejje no�rum Verniccm, cum hie�t lanbsp;niperigummi.

Q_VOHODO FIAT OSTRVM, COLORVM OHa MJww^i��iorwwjfXceSetttjySiwttw. C A P,^ XIII*

INcipiam nunc,deoftrodiccrc,quod8� chariflimam,amp; exccllenriffimam haber,prfterhoscolorcs,afpelt;3:usfuaui

� tatem. Id autem'cxcipttur ex conchylio marino e quopurgt; pura inficitur, cuiusnon minores funt quam c�terarum na^nbsp;turac rerum/conf�derantibus admirationes,quod habet no innbsp;omnibus lods,quibus nafeitur, unius generis colorem, fednbsp;foliscurfu naturalicer temperatur.Itac^quodlegitur Pontonbsp;�i Gallia, quod h� regiones funt proximae ad feptentrio^nbsp;nem ,eftacrum ; progredientibus inter feprentrionem amp;oc#nbsp;cidentetn,inuenitur liuidum: Qitod autem legitur ad �qui#nbsp;noftialem orientem �C occidentc, inuenitur uiolaceo colore;nbsp;Quod uero mcridianis regionibus cxcipitur, rubra procr�anbsp;tur poteitate;amp; ideofhocrubrum/Rhodoetiaminfulacrea#nbsp;tur,cxtcrisc�eiufmodiregionibus,qu�/proxim� funt folisnbsp;curfui . Eaconchyliacumfuntlc(fta,fcrramentistircafcingt;

B duntur,c quibusplagispurpureafanies,utilachrymaprogt; C fluensjexculfa'in mortarijsterendo comparator quod exnbsp;concharum marinarum teftis/eximitur ,ideo'oftrum eft uoci^nbsp;tatum. Id autem propter falfuginem/cito fit fiticulofum, iiifinbsp;inel habeat circumfufum*

DE ARCHITEG* Li�. Vil. 551 l/6,9.crfp,5S. zy lulluiPolluxCitp 4.lth-i. Piilores MteKipfopurpu�nbsp;feo utuntur cruore'trito in inortario ,/icuti indicdtvitruuias^autcretitnbsp;�rgcntaridin cu liquorcmfirut:ntidheno'dcliittd,lt;^ inebr{dtd(bibit eninnbsp;tMn coloremceleriiM ldni$)purpuriffut� uocdt Plinim hb.�j � cdp.e, Ar*nbsp;gentdrid dufem crctd, nitoretn drgcnteum rcddit,codcin du�ore lib, 3;�nbsp;cap.i7.amp;iet�initcrlib.i7.cdp.5. C Quod ex concharum mari�nbsp;Harum tefti s exi mi tur] Non Jgitwr db oftreis pifcibuif^uod txifli�nbsp;tUduit Chrifiophorus Ldndinui,uir dlioqui dodlusjfed awTosjait�,nbsp;idtfitelld,lt;iucdex conchylijs�ttcpurpurislcgdtur,tc�if te�dpifcibm�nbsp;Quanlt;{udm purpurdmo�reortmtqudnddm ejfe�cciemidnnotdtumnbsp;Nrfm os^ea/gcnus e�e dd omnid tefldced, os�e� dutem�nediphthongq/nbsp;�gt;ecie,ex Arifioteleddmonuit Gdtenuf lib.fitnplicitt medicd/fientoru, ��.

Fluntetiam purpurei coIorcsinfeAa creta rubi�ae radice, � 8ihyfgino : nonmfnus�i cxfloribus/ali]'colores.itaque Dnbsp;tindores/cum uolunt fil Atu'cum i'mitari,uiolaraaridam c5gt;nbsp;�jcientesinuas/cum aquaconferuefeerefaciunt ad ignem : de�nbsp;indc/cum eft temperatum,conticiunn�n �nteum , Si inddtmfnbsp;nibus exprimentes, recipiunt in mortan'umaquam ex ui'o�nbsp;f lis colorat3,amp; ex ea'eretriam infundentes,amp;earn terentes,effinbsp;ciunt fill's Attici colorem. Eadem rationeuaefnium temponbsp;Q rantes,amp; lac mifcentes,purpuramfaci�telegantem. Itemquinbsp;non polTuntchryfocolla/proptercaritatem'uti,herba,qu3Cnbsp;luteum appcllatur,ccruleum inficiunt,Slt;: utuntur uiridiflimonbsp;j colore.H�cautem'infeftiua appellantur.Item/propter ino#

ptam colorisindici,cretam Selinufiam, autannulari�j^quod jj Gr�ciu'ftXovappellantinficicnteSjimicationem faciuntindicinbsp;coloris. Qiiibusrationibus amp;rcbus/ad difpofitionem f�rmi�nbsp;tatis,quibuscgdecorasoporteat fieri pifturas, item quashalnbsp;b�ant omnes colores/in fe poteftates, ut mihi fuccurrcrc po#nbsp;tuit, in hoc libro perferipfi. itaej omnes �dif�cationum per^inbsp;fe�ioncs,quam habere debeant opportunitate, ratiocinatio

nibus (cptem uolumtnibus func finkac. In fequend� autem/de aqua,G quibus lods non fuerir, quemadmodum inueniatur,nbsp;amp;qua rationeducatur,quibus rebus,ficritfalubrisamp;ido#nbsp;nea, probetur, explicabo.

A Fiuntetiampurpurei colores infcda Creta] Plimuihlgt; sf� cap.e.laud4riait Puteol�nmn purpuriffum potius/qMmTyrium, auc Genbsp;tulicum, utl L4conicuin;cMfdm c^fe, qu�d Hylgino maxime inficcrctur�nbsp;Rubidmqicogereturforbere. B Rubi�radice.] RubiamDiofco*nbsp;rides Ub.t,cdp,i6i^Rrythroddntvin uocat.AliquiErcuthodanum. Radixnbsp;efl rubrd,qua!tinguntur ldn�,pellesqi per�ciuntur, unde er uulgo dicitufnbsp;Rubidtin�orumtearddice^pueriiLibcrdlibustingcbdmui oua- LcgePli*nbsp;nitnnItb.i^.cdp.}.crlib.z4-cdp.ti.C EtHyfgino-] Hyfginum idejj�,nbsp;quod iidcinium!et hydcinth�'exiftiniat liermoldus^Mutfubfcrtbdm,fdcitnbsp;quod moxfequitur, eadem rationeudcinium temper antes.er Idc mifcett^nbsp;tejr purpuramficiuntelegdntem.Seder, quifctip�topus Pande�drutnnbsp;tnedicdrum,MdtthieiimSiludticHm,uideo�ti�e in ed fententid,ubi deud�nbsp;cinio.QuidfenferitPliniusJudicdrifatisnonpotcflfCumliy/ginimcmi*nbsp;ncritlib.ii.cdp.is erl�b.9.cdp.4t.QuodduteinddVddniumerBydcinnbsp;thum dttmet,loannes RueUtuskadem putdl^ dflipulatus Serwio. NicoUiHnbsp;Leonicenusgt;crcdiditudcinium;e�c liguflri acinosjd eft eius arboris, quantnbsp;no/�ritTroenam UMgo:dicunt, Prancifeus Hia�arius agreftid e�e mordnbsp;mduult. D ItaquctincSores'cumuolunrfiratticumimitan'.]nbsp;Seribendum Sil Atticum,quodtrium generum e�e optimum,auilor eli Pt*nbsp;tiiuslib.jf.cdp.ji, E Violamaridamconijcientesinuas.] P�nbsp;rtius lib. JJ .cdp. ultimo-Non Silis,fed ceruleikdmfrdudem re�rt. Pr aus in*nbsp;quit ( de c�ruleo loquens ) uiola arid^deceda in aqua ^f�cco per linteuntnbsp;expreff�'incretamEretriam, F Eteo/creraminftjndentcs.]in�inbsp;tige Eretridm,quie!terrlt;e (ua: habet nomcHtinquitPlinuts lib.usap.d- Ednbsp;duplexe�apudDiofeoridembb.^. cap lei, Albd^Cinerea, quod eynbsp;Phniits fcribitlib.jf.cdp.i�- G Irem/qui non polTunt Chryfocolnbsp;laproptercaritatem uti] De Chryloco�anatiuddiximus^eam mennbsp;titur C^ruleumiluteaherbditifiiitim^ �yuomododutemeyhtcipfatin*nbsp;^atur bitea, docet Plinius Itb.ss, cap.f .fed qua herba cjfet^ qua�tum efl,nbsp;nosdpui

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. VUL 53^ ��O� apuJ DiofcoridemJib, �. lcgimui.lute(im hcrb�mRomanis effc, quamnbsp;^iecilfatim dicunt,� modo fitis cmandali funt codices. Qj^ autem e�*nbsp;lfdtis,dixi fuprd cap. to- ubi de Indico fcrtp�. Emendandus interea eftnbsp;^puleius iib.deherbarum medicamimbui,ubipro luteafcriptum e/l ruta,nbsp;H Itempropterinopiam coloris Indici,] HoccrPliniUfltb.is,nbsp;^�p.6.Quiadulterdnt(inquit)indicHmy/lercoracolumbtna,aut cretantnbsp;Selinu�amueldnnuldridmMtroinficiunt. I Cretam Selinufiam ]nbsp;Eaia{leacft,au�orePlinio lib.i^. cap.is. Mdxim�lauddriaitDiofcorianbsp;desltb.s.cap.tss. edm,lt;ju� uehementer re�gt;lendet, candidam, friabilem,nbsp;Craguadiluicelebetrimam, K Annulariamuitrumque ] Annttnbsp;Idrefcribit Plinius Itb.ss.edp.e.candidum cjje^quomuliebres pi�lurieil*!nbsp;luminantur : fieri ex cretaiadmixtis uitreisgemmis ex uulgi annulis; undenbsp;Cranttularedicaiur,ldexijiimointelligitcx�iuopojj�imitarilndicumvinbsp;truuiusait�

c�leftium iinbrium conceptionibusinfcminatam/�tusgetl titimjamp;oniniunianimalium/inmundoprocrcauifleiamp;qu�nbsp;ex ea elTent prognata cum dilToliierentur, temporum necefi�nbsp;tatecoafta ,in cadetnredireIqu�cj�de afre nafcerenuir-iremnbsp;in cccii regiones rciierti,necj: interitioncs rccipcre, fed dilTolunbsp;donc mufata,in eandem reciderc,in'quaanK fuer�^proprie#nbsp;Ut�, Pythagoras ucro,Empedocles, Epicharmus,alricj Phynbsp;tt �Q

�ci amp; Philofbphi, h�c principia/quatuor eflc propofuerunf� acrentijignem, aquam, tcrram jcoriimcj interfecoh�rcnte�nbsp;natural! figurarioneex generum difcriminibusefficerequa^nbsp;licates. Animaducrtimusucro/nonfoluni nafccntia exhisefnbsp;fe procreatajfed eti'am/resoinnes/non ah fine eoriim potefta� pnbsp;tc,nc(^crefcerc,ncctucri. Namf�corpora/finefpiritu redungt;nbsp;dantia,non poflunt habere uitam, nil� a�r influcns cum incrcnbsp;mento feccrit auftus �i remifl�onesfcontinenter.Caloris uerOnbsp;fi non fucrit in corpore iufta comparatio,n� erir fpiritus ani#nbsp;naalis,nec�ercdio firma,cibfcj; uiresinon poterunthabereconbsp;coftionis temperaturam. Icem^fi non tcrreftri cibo membranbsp;corporis alantur,deficientur,amp; itaja terreni principij mixtio#nbsp;ne erunt deferta. Animalia uero, fi fuerint fine humoris potegt;nbsp;ftatc,exanguinacaiamp;: exufta a principiorum liquorc, interalt; gnbsp;refcent.Igitur diuina mens, qu�,proprie necelTaria effent gennbsp;tihus,non confiituit difficilia �C cara,uti funt margarit�, augt;nbsp;r um,argentum,c�teralt;^ qu� nec corpus, nec natura def�de#nbsp;rat:fed fine quibusmortalium uita non poteft effe tuta, cffiigt;nbsp;dit ad manum/parata per omnenj mund�. Itac� exhis/fi quidnbsp;forte d�fit in corporefpiritus, ad reftitucndum,acr affignatusnbsp;id pr�ftat.Apparatus autem ad auxiliacalorisjfolisimpetus,nbsp;amp; ignis inu�tusjtutiorem efficit uitam : item/terrenus fruftusnbsp;efcarum pr�ftans copias, fuperuacuisdefiderationibusab�nbsp;amp; nutrit animalia pafcendo continenter.Aqua ueroZnon fogt;nbsp;lum potus, fed infinitas ufui pr�bendo neceffitates, graiasnbsp;(quod eft gratuita)pr�ftat utilitates. Ex eo ctiamqui facerdonbsp;ti a gerunt moribus Aegyptiorum, ofiendunt^omnes res c li^nbsp;quoris poteftate confiftcrefiracjcum hydriam tegunt,qu� ad Qnbsp;templum �dcmcf,'cafta religione refertur, tunc.dn terra pro#nbsp;cumbentes manibusad coelum lublatis,inucntionibusgra#nbsp;nas agunt diuin� benignitatis �

Hales Milefius^omniura rerum prindpium aqiiam cftprofefTus. ] Ml/f/jo Thaleti uifum efi^nbsp;unum aquie elemenlum,tffi rerum omnium principiumtnbsp;quod�Plutarchotmditur lib, depldcitii pbilofopho*

t.cap-}.undepetendadeprincipijsrcliqua.Uem Ar^loteUlib.z. Me taphyftc.atqueProboAcglog.Virgil.e. B MagorumfacerdoteS/nbsp;aquam amp; ignem. ] Uiagi apud Per fa (utpricteralios/tradit Suidas)nbsp;trantPhilofophi nod i^i��^ioijquorumprincepsZoroa�reSieiufmodi/nbsp;Gricct uocabant Philofopl}os,Ldtinifapientes, Aegyptij-Prophetas, A�ynbsp;rijlChaldaos,\ndilGyntnofbpht�as,lt;jallijyruidas, C Euripides au�nbsp;difor Anaxagor�,quem philofophum] ScribitpyiodoruiSicttnbsp;lus lib. 1. exifiima ffe EuripidemPhy�ci AnaxagoruC auditorem in tHena-inbsp;lippa,C�lum cyterram/mixtaaliquando.cumdi�un�a fiii�int, prodtf^nbsp;xiffearborcs,aues,firas,atq; adebiquicquid uidetur�de�yut interpreter,nbsp;foecunddtam imbribus terram,omnia procrea�e,ut id effet air quod maf,nbsp;pluuiaquodfemen,ferra-quodf�mina, D Necjcrefcerenectueri.jnbsp;Tueorfpa�iue ufurpauit, quemadmodimi inueniin antiqua ex Hiffaniainnbsp;feriptione, cuius mihificit copiamThomiK CdddmufusLduden/tsPaulinbsp;IlbPont, Mdx.medicufffedau�oreiacobo Corneliano�uucneingenio,nbsp;io��rind,cr morum elegantiain�gni, eo^ nomine/mibi cbari�imo. Erf��/nbsp;fett appofui,

HiC/hoftium rcliquiasprofligauit Cato,Vbl facelliim miro arnficioconditum,amp; �reamnbsp;palladis effigiem/reliqiiit.pareant ergQ'amp; nogt;nbsp;feantomnesfenatus�c populiRomant/Imlt;�nbsp;pcrium^dcorum numintySc militum fortitu #nbsp;dine amp; tueri amp; reg�.

R Igitur diuina mens,non conftituit difFidlia, Sfclara.] Scribendum, ZT cara.E� autem fenfus, Natura minusuittehomimimne*nbsp;ceffarid, in mdri, ut mdrgaritof, aut tcrrie uifceribus, ut Aurum zx Arnbsp;Zfnium,abdidit'.finei^iib�s tar�/con�dreMtdfdtis wn poter at, cd/quafinbsp;admanum

ad mtmuin pofuit, nee magno paranda, F Aqua uero non folum pouiSjfcdinfiniraspr�bendonccefl�tates,] Dea^Uiepra�an^nbsp;aia,crutilitatibut,huncinmodumaPlinioefl(raditumliK)i.cap,uHosnbsp;elcmcntum(inquit)cattrff omnibui imperat,terrdmdeuorant a^uie,nbsp;mam/nccdnt,fcdndunt inful)lime,cr ccelum quoque �bi uendicdnt, dc nu*nbsp;bium obtentuluitdlem J^irttum �rdnguldnt, qua cdufdif�lmind elidit ipfinbsp;fecum dif cordante mundo, Quid e�e mirdbiltiu poteft dquit in coelo�annbsp;tibus^ A t iHc'ceu partwi �t in tant dm peruenire altitudincm,rdpiunt eofenbsp;cumpifciumexdmind,fepeetiam Idpidesfnbuehunt portantes ali�na foitnbsp;dera-Etedemcddentesomniumterrana/centiumcaufafiunt.Prorfustni*nbsp;rdbilinatura,fiquisuelttreputdrefUtfruges gignantur ^arbores �uti*nbsp;cesqi uiudnt,in ccelum migrare aquas, animamq} etiam herbis uitalemiin*nbsp;de de�rre,iu�a con��ione,omnes terrie quo^ uires;aqudrum e�e bene�*nbsp;cij. G ItaquecumHydn'amtegunr,qu3ead templum]nbsp;ci��wonwr�wgentt{,^!ci/e4dd�cor, ut eredam ad Aegyptios inue�unt,nbsp;po�quam de Deorum pra�antidinter gentes eflcertdtum . Namute�nbsp;feriptumapudSuidam, cum chaldteiignemhaberentDeum,circutt/rrettnbsp;tes,quid omniaperidnccret,unum DeumexifiimariuolebantiClt;eteraruinnbsp;enim gentium Dq, quid iere,argento, ligno, lapide, aut huiufmodi aliqudnbsp;materia conflarent,eos'aiebdnt igne confumi. I�cumad Canopifacerdo*nbsp;temadlatum e�et,ut erat ingenioad a�utiam compo�to, hydria pertuftfnbsp;aqua plena�ramina.icerd ebduxit, er totamvari/spinxit colortbus, (7.nbsp;SimulacbTo(quod/guberndtorisKenelaiejfe�rebatur)priusdbfcifocd*nbsp;pite,dptduit,aonitdmultopo�temporecumChi�dieiueni�'ent,ignem^nbsp;Simuldchro ddmonui�'ent,�auriip�periculivnvnumpoffet er Aegyptiifnbsp;rumDeum/fuperare ,liquatd ccrafen�m e�luensrimtsaquaigncmex*nbsp;tinxit,ut Aegyptiorwm Canopus,facer dot is aftutia,d}dld�orum Dei ui*nbsp;Horlcoeperit abalijs coli � R.e�rtur �r � Ruffinobyflorise eccle�a�jtb,^�nbsp;tap,if,

CVM ergo amp; a Phyficis,amp; a Philofophis,5i ab facerdo^ cibus iudketurlex poteftate aqux omnes res con�are,nbsp;putaufy

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. vill. 337 putaui ,quoniam in pnoribusfcptem uoluminibusltationesnbsp;sedificiorum funt cxpofic�, in hoc oportercrfeinuentioni^nbsp;bus aqu�,quasc� habeatin locorum proprietatibusuirtu^nbsp;tcs,quibusc{! ranonibusducatur,amp;quemadmodum item ea.nbsp;probetur,fcribere. Eft cnim maxime necelTaria, �i aduitam,nbsp;amp;addele�:ationes,amp;adurumquotidianum. Ea autem facigt;nbsp;lior eritjfi fontcsierunt aperti,amp; fluences,Sin aurem non pro^

A fliient,qu3ei�cnda fub terra funt capita,amp;colligenda: qu�ii�c B eruntexperiunda,uti procumbatur in dentes, antequam folnbsp;exortus fuerit, in locisiquibus crit qu�rend�, amp; in terra mennbsp;tocollocato �i fulfto,profpiciantur e�regiones. Sicenim�nbsp;nonerrabit excclfius/quam oporteatuifus ,cumeritimmogt;nbsp;tum mentumifed ad libratam altitudinemiin rcgiom'busccrnbsp;ta finitione deflgnabit. Tune lin quibus locis uidebuntur

C humores fe concrifpantes ,5C in acrafurgentes ibi fodiatur: b non cnim in ficco locofhoc fignum poteft fieri.Itcm animad^

uertcndum cftlqu�rcntibusaquam,quo genere f�ntloca. Cer ta enim funt,in quibus/nafcitur;Increta,tcnuislamp;exilisiamp; nonbsp;alta eft copia; ea cric non optimo fapore, Item fabulone folunbsp;tOjtenuis;I�d fi infcrioribus locis inuenietur, ealerit limofanbsp;infuauis. In terra autem nigrarfiidores amp;. ftill� exiles inueni�nbsp;untur, qu�/exhybernis tempeftatibus collctS�lin fpifiis SiCnbsp;lidis locis fubfidunt;e�|habcncoptimuiim faporem. Glareanbsp;uero/mediocres �C non cert� uen� reperiuntur, e� quoqucnbsp;cgregia funtfiiatiitate.Itemfabulonemafculo, arenaq;amp; carnbsp;bunculo,certiores/amp; ftabilioresfuntcopi�,e�cpfuntbononbsp;fapore.Rubro faxo, amp; copiof�jamp; bon�, fi non per interuenianbsp;dilabantur/amp;liquefcant. Subradicibusautem montiumnbsp;in faxis filicibus, ubcriores Si affluentiorcs c�c^ifrigidioresnbsp;func^ falubriores.Campeftribus autem fontibusifalf�, gra�nbsp;ucs,tepid�,non fuaues; nifi/qu� ex montibusfub terra lubgt;nbsp;manantcs/erumpuntinmedioscampos^etubifuntarboruninbsp;umbn�sconteft�, pr�ftant/montanorum fontium fuauita�nbsp;Stgnitqiie tcm. Signa autem.'quibusterrar�generibusfuberuntaqu�, Hnbsp;reH(ilt;elt;(= pr�rcr quod fupra fcriptum eft,h�cerunt;fi inuenientur na^nbsp;fccntia tenuis iuncus,faiixerratica, alnus, uitex,arundo,hedequot;nbsp;ra, aliacf qu� eiufmodi funt, qu�inon poflunt nafd, nec alinbsp;perfe,finehumorc. Soientautemeademinlacunis nataelTe,nbsp;qu� l�dentes/pr�tcr reliquum agrum/excipiuni aquamexnbsp;imbribusj Si agrisperhycmem, diutiusqapropter capacitagt;nbsp;temlt;onferuanthumorem,quibusjnoneftcrcdcndum. Sednbsp;quibusrcgionibusSi terris,nonlacunis,cafignanafcunturnbsp;non fata,fed natiiraliterpcrfecreata,ibiefiqu�rcnda. In *nbsp;quibuslocisA:�nonfignificabunturinucnnoncs,fic eruntcxnbsp;periund�.Fodiatur quoquouerfusilocus latus pedes tres,aUnbsp;tus,tie minus pedes quinqijin eoqj collocetur circiter fob's oc�nbsp;cal�miicaphiLim fre�,autplumbeum,3utpcluis,ex his quodnbsp;critparatum;idq;fintrinfecus'olco ungatur,ponaturcj inuergt;nbsp;fum,amp;lummafo(ruraopcriacurarundinibus, autfronde;fugt;nbsp;praterra obruatiintum poftcro dic'apcriacur;Si fi in uafc/ftilgt;nbsp;l� fudoresq;erunt,is locushabebit aquam.Item fi uasex cregt;nbsp;ta fadumln� codum,in ea foffione /eadem rationc opertum,nbsp;pofitutn

DE ARCHITEC, LIB, Vllf. 53p P ofitum fucritjf� is locus aquam habuerif; cum apertum fu�gt;nbsp;ri r,uaslhumidum crir,amp; etiam diffoluecur ab humore. Vel#nbsp;l�s�� lanpf� collocatum eric in ea folTurajin fequcnti aucem die/nbsp;de co aqua cxprefTa crirjfignificabitfeum locumihabere copifinbsp;am.Non minus/fi lucerna concinnata,oleique plcna�C accennbsp;fa, in eo locoioperta fuerit collocata, amp; poftero die.non eritnbsp;exu(3:a,(ed habuerit reliquias olei/SCellychnii, fpfacphumidanbsp;inuenieturp'ndicabitjeum locum habere aquam : ideo/quodnbsp;Omnis tepor ad fe ducit humores. Iceman co locoiignisfifagt;nbsp;�flus fuerir,amp; percalefafta terraj Si adufta, uaporem nebulo^nbsp;fum ex fc fufcitaueric; is locus(habcbit aquam. Cum haecinbsp;itacruntperrentata,amp; qu� fuprafcriptaiuntfignainuenta,nbsp;. tumdeprimendus eftputeus in eo loco : caput eritaquacnbsp;? inuentum,plures funtcirca fodiendi,etper fpecus/inunum lonbsp;quot; cum omnes conducendi, Haec autem/maximeinmontibusnbsp;amp;regionibus fcprcntrionalibus funrqu�rcnda,eo quodinnbsp;his'Si fuauiora,amp; falubriora,amp; copiofiora inucni�turzaueri�nbsp;enfm funcfolis curfuinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;in his locis/primum crcbr� funt argt;

bores amp;fyluof�,ipficjmonce^'fuashabentumbrasobftan^ tes,ut radii folis non direAi perueniantad terram,nec poflintnbsp;humores exugere.Interuallaquoque montium/maxime recinbsp;piunt imbres, propter fyluarum crcbritatcm, nines ibfabnbsp;umbris arborum amp; monuum/diutiusconferuantur : deinde/nbsp;liquac�/per terr� uenas percolantur,amp; ita pcrueniuntad ingt;nbsp;fimas moncium radices,ex quibus profluctes fontium ernmgt;nbsp;punt fluAus. Campeftribus autem locis contrario non pofgt;nbsp;iunthabericopi�;qu�/amp; il finCjnonpolTunt habere falubri#nbsp;tatcm;quod folis uehemens impetu3,propter nullam obftannbsp;tiam umbrarum eripit exhauriendo fcruens'explaniriccamgt;nbsp;poruna'humorcm:amp;f�qu�/ibifuntaqu�apparentes,exhis,nbsp;quod eft IcuiiTimum tenuiflimumcp^d� fubtili falubritate a�rnbsp;auocans diffipat in impetum c�li�qu�cj grauiffim�/dur�c^,nbsp;�cinfuaucs funt partes, c�jin fontibus campeftribus relinknbsp;quuntur,

fcitur, au�ore vlpiatto Pandc�. lib.4}, De aqua quotid. lt;efliult;c'B Qu�ficeruntexperiunda.uti procumbatur in dentes]QMnbsp;hic tr(tduntur,i!i quierendct aqudrumfcitturigine,effe aquilegibus animadnbsp;uertendd, uniuerfa PlmiKS trdnftulit in cdput fdib.jt. Et re/�rt Pd�ddiutnbsp;lib,9,cdp.s.Ante ortum Solis^inquit bic) ijs locis, quibui uqud quicrenddnbsp;efl,�qudlitcr promts mcnto ad folum depreffoiacens in terra oriente!�nbsp;in/jgt;edabts, ZJquot; i� q�o lococri/jnttn ftbtili nebula a�remifurgere uidebis,nbsp;Cr uelut rorem jjgt;argcre, �gno atiquo uicinxfltrpis aut arboris notabis,nbsp;i^amconflatficcKlocis,ubihoc�et,aquamlatere. C Humoresfec�nbsp;crifpanres.] Vaporesundatim�terrafurgentes.undatimcrifpos, Dnbsp;Itemanimaducrtendumeft quaercntibusaquam] Etterrdrunbsp;genus confideranduntyUt po�is'uel de tenuitate, uel abundantia,crfaporenbsp;iudicare. qh� bic docentur, cr Pliniut cr Pa�adiusdi�lis locis repetunt,nbsp;E Glarcaueromediocres.] ldeflterra,qutefabulopterit^crplena lapidibus minutis.cuiufmodiqui ad fluuiorum ripas �unt, quiiglarea ettnbsp;dm uulgo italorum dicuntur, ftcut apud Coltimelldinhb.t. cap. 2.. nonfe*nbsp;mei, P Sibulonem^fculo^] tde/la�gt;ero,fcabro,minusflauo,fub^nbsp;lib. i-Sabulonem mafculuminter ea terr� genera recenfeat, unde ducenc�nbsp;fint lateres, atq^ id propter leuitatem sutejje po�it fabulo maf :ulus terrdnbsp;genuslor arem, idejl materiiefoltdioris qu�m fit terra. Cert�paulo antenbsp;dixit,fabulonemfolutum,add!fiircntiam(.ut apparet)mafculi. G Are��nbsp;naqucamp;carbunculo. ] Plinius dic�arenacarbunculofa. EjiautcMnbsp;carbunculutarenlt;egenus,utlib.t.cdp.6.ali�sgcmma,Pliniusltb.}7.cap�nbsp;y. H Signaautcm/quibusterrariimgeneribus/fuberunta�nbsp;qu�.] Stgndfex,pr�terfuperiusfeptimum,quierendlt;edqu�rejert^finbsp;iuncus tenuis nafcatur,faIixfyludticd,Alnus,Vitex,Arundo,Hederdsqui�nbsp;bus turn credcndumiinquitPalladiusdiiloeapiteJ^fi neq^ lacuna e�, ne^nbsp;aliquis ibi ex confuetudine humor infidet. Plinius addit tu�tlaginem fyluc�nbsp;prem,ltb.is.cap.s-cr ranammultumalicuilocope�oreincubantemnbsp;lib.si.cap.s.Sunt etiam plera^/ab Imperatore Confiantino trddita,libronbsp;deagricultura.i.cap.4 0' s~ I-ibctucr�hoclccoHerbaexTheodori�nbsp;ciprimi Oflrogoibortim Regis!cpifio!d,ddApronianum comitcm,priua*

Ca�iodorum Vdritirum lib.i.Signis (laquiQuirentium herbtirum,zif pro ceritdte arborunyticinitdtem colligit diligenter, Terrii enim tquibut dul*nbsp;cif humor non longe fubefi, ubertds quorunddm germinumfemper drri�nbsp;det,ut e� iuncui d^udtill5,cdnnd leuli,uimen hetum^udlidui rubu{,fdhxlenquot;nbsp;td,populiis uirens,Z!rrelilt;]uddrborumgenerd, quteiper terrendin humidinbsp;tdtemfceUci pro�gt;eritdte luxuridnt. Sunt cr alia huiui drtis indicid,cuinnbsp;node uenientejdnd �ccdtn terrdm ponitur idm prouifam,z:r rudi cdccd*nbsp;bo te�d relinquiturthincft dquit proximit�s drrifcrit, meine humidd repe''nbsp;ritur. Sole etia decldrdtomtuentur magi�ri locd foUiciti,e2' ubifuprd ter�nbsp;rdm^uolitdre �n�itudinem minuti�imdrivmcon/^cxerint omnino mufcd�nbsp;rum, tune promittitur,quod quieritur,fiieHe tnuemri.Addunt etidmin co�nbsp;lumnie�ieciem con/�ici quenddm tenui�tmum�imum, quiqudntd fuerit dlnbsp;titudine porre�us dd fummum, tdntumiin imum Idtices Idtere cognofeunt.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;y

pdul�po�dit, Dicunt dqudf,qult;eidd Orienteni^Au�rumc^ prorumpuntt nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;lt;�,/-

dulces dtq^pcr/pieuMc��, er pro fudleuitdtei�dluberrimasinueniri', in Septentrionem uer� dtq;Occidentem'qudcunqjmdndnt,probdriquidentnbsp;nimis�igidds,cr crd�ituiinefueegrauitdtisiincomodds. Hd�enus Theonbsp;doricus, I Inquibuslocis/'exnonfignificabunturinuentio�nbsp;ries.] Sidfcrwitedftgnd�ex,quibusid�eruit�gni�cdrifubc�edqudm,nbsp;dlijsquinq; rdtionibusiindicdt tentdnddm,QU� trddunturd Plitiioer Pdlnbsp;Iddio^ubi�gni�cdui, K Fodiatur quoquouerfusjlocuslatus]nbsp;Ex �ertfj Pallddij,quem dixihdc pdrteiutplerisq; dlijs)e�e Vitruuij imi�nbsp;tdtumferiptd dtq; prteceptd ,�ibodordri licct,loeumhuncntendd non cdlt;enbsp;rcre,ut�ribendum �erit, Podidturquoquouerfuslocus�ldtus pedes tres^nbsp;altusine minus pedes quinq;. Plinius di�lo cdp.j.aitjoco in dltitudinempe*nbsp;dumquim^defo�o. L Sihabucritreh'quiasoleiiSiCenychnrj.]nbsp;Hlychniumfigni�cdt �tntculutnqui ex pdpyro, cdndbe, �uppd, go�ipio,nbsp;dltjue huiufmodi mdterid tortus/n lucernis uritur: nam lychnos/lucerndittnbsp;figni�cdt. Voedtur er Thryd�is let Phlomos, auiUore PcHuce tib. s.cdp,nbsp;is.medfententid, quod h^�nt herb� lucerndri^, uel dpud Diofeoridemnbsp;lib.4.cdp.9$. Dc lychnuchis, id e�lucerndsge�dntibus,uideEgndtiumnbsp;in Suetonium-Pro lucernd etiam interpretatur Athen�usiibro t;-ide� ul�nbsp;timo^ M Etpcrfpccusmuniim locum] Permedtuslerderiudcttnbsp;Idfubterrdncd, N Hxc aut�'maximc in moncib,] Excipiunt cnim

Montej^teflapud AriftotelemMeteo, pluuiiedtfcendentKMdgndmco fubeuntem udporem refrtgerdnt^rurfus^ in dqudtn canccrnunt;nbsp;unde'c?' mdMmosflnuiosix mdximis fluere monitbui con/picere �cet.

ITac�iqu�ex imbribusaquacolligiturjfalubriorcs habet uircutes, eoiquod eligitur ex omnibus fonubusleuiffimis�nbsp;fubtilibusq; tenuitatibus t deinde/pera�n's cxercitationc per#nbsp;.colatatempeftatibus liqucfcendoperucnitad terram.Eti�#nbsp;/que non crebriter'in campis confluunt imbres fed in raonti#nbsp;I bus,aucadipfosmontes4deo,quodhumores(exterramatu#nbsp;tino folis ortu mod, cum funt cgrcfli, in quameunej partemnbsp;c�li funt proclinad, trudunt acra;deindecum funt moti^ronbsp;peer uacuitacem loci,poft fe recipi��t a^ris ruentes undas. Acrnbsp;autem eum ruic,trudcnsquocunc� humorem pr�uium, fpirinbsp;tus,amp; inipetus,amp; undas creicentes facit uentorum. A uentisnbsp;autcm/quocunc^feruncur humores conglobati,ex fontibuSnbsp;�C fluminibus,amp;: paludibus,amp; pelago;cum tepore foil's con#nbsp;tinguntur, exhauriuntur, amp; ita/rolluntur inaltitudinem nu#nbsp;bes ;c3e deindezcumacris undanitcntes,ciim perueniuntadnbsp;montes,ab eorum offenfa, 5C procelli^propter plenitatcmnbsp;grauitatcm,liqucfcendo|difperguntur, amp; ira diffunduntur innbsp;terras. Vaporem auteni,�i nebulas,�ihumores ex terra na Cnbsp;fci,h�cuidetur cfFiccre ratio,quod ea habec in feiamp;calores fernbsp;uidos,5ifpiritusimmanes,refrigerationescg,amp;aquarummanbsp;gnam mulcitudinem.ExcQcum refrigeratur nodu;uento#nbsp;rum flatus oriuntur pertenebras, Sgt;C ab humidis lociscgredi#nbsp;untur in alticudinc nubes fol oriens/impetu tangit orbem ternbsp;r�,tum a'�r abfolepercalefaftus.cum roribus ex terra tolht .nbsp;humores. Licet amp; ex balneislexemplum capere, Null�enimnbsp;camerx,qu� funt caldariorum,fupra le polTunt habere fon#nbsp;tcs:led ccelum quod eft ibi,cx pr Jefumtjsiab ignis uapore pe�nbsp;calefadum,corripit ex pauimcncisaquam,amp; aufert iecum innbsp;camerarum curuafuras,�C earn fuftinct, Ideoquod fernpernbsp;uaporcalidusi'n ahitudinem fetruditj�iprimo'nonrcmit# �

DE ARCHITEC. LlB. VIH. 545 Hrur propter breuiratem ,�f�miil autem plus humons habetnbsp;congeftum, non potelt fuftineri proprer grauitatem, fed ftilgt;nbsp;latfupralauantium capita. Itaqiioque'eademrationecociegt;nbsp;ftisa�r/cum ab foie percipitcalorem,exomnibuslocishaurigt;nbsp;endo/tollithumores,amp;congregat ad nubes.Itacnimitcrranbsp;f fcruoretadayeijcithumorcSjUtcorpushominisicxcalorecmitnbsp;tit fudores. Indices autem func eius rei/uenti,ex quibusqui anbsp;frigidiff�mis partibus ueniuntprocreati, feptentrio Sc aquilo,nbsp;extenuatosficcitatibusin a�reflatusfpiranr.Auftcr uero amp;renbsp;liqui, quia fob's curfu impetum faciunt, funt humidiifimi, Si.nbsp;l�mper apportant imbres : quod per�aiefafti/ab regionibusnbsp;feruidis adueniunt,amp;ex omnibustcrrisdambenteseripiuntnbsp;humores ita cos profunduntad feptcntrionales regiones,nbsp;H�c autem/fic fieri jtefiimonio pofTuntciTe capita flumin�,nbsp;** qu� orbe terrarum chorographnspida,i'temcffcripta,plurinbsp;niamaximacjdnueniuntur egrefia ab fcptentrionc, Prim�c�nbsp;in India Ganges Si IndusaCaucafo monteoriuntur; Syria,nbsp;TygrisSi Euphrates; Afia, item Ponto ,Boryfihenes, Hypa#nbsp;nis,Tanais;Colchis,Fhafis.Gallia,Rhodanus:Bc!gica,Rhegt;nbsp;** nus:citraAlpes,Timanus/SiPadus; Italia Tybris: Maurult;nbsp;fiafquam noftrvMauritaniam appellant)ex monte Atlante/nbsp;Dyris, qufortus ex feptentrionali regione , progreditur pernbsp;occidentem/ad lacuEptabolum, Si mutato nomine dicicur,

gt; deinde/ex lacu Eptabolo/fub montes defertos fubter^ Aliens, per meridianaloca manat,Si influit in paludSColoe,nbsp;quae/circumdngit Merocm,qu�/eft Aethiopum meridiano#'^nbsp;rum regnum. Abhis(^paludibusfecircumagens/pcr flumi#nbsp;na Aftafobam,Si Aftabor�,8i alia pliira,pcruenit per mon#nbsp;tes/adcataraftam,abcacpifcpr�cipitansperfeptentriona!eni/nbsp;. peruenit inter ElephantidaSi Syencm, Tliebaicosq; in Aegynbsp;ptum campos,Siibi Nilus appellatur.Ex Mauritania autem'-'-caput Nib profiliere, ex eo maxime cognofcitur, quod ex al jnbsp;tcrapartemonris Atlantis/funtalia capita,item profiuentia ;nbsp;adoccidentis Occanum, ibic^nafcLinturlchneumoncs,Cro �nbsp;�* codib',Si ali� fimiles beftiarum pifeiumep naturj,pr�terHipinbsp;popotamos.Ergo/cum omnia maxima flumina in orbis rer^nbsp;rarum

rarum dcfcriptionibus ab feptcntrione uideantur proflucrc, Aphriqjcampi, quifuntinmeridianis partibus fubiedi folianbsp;curfui,latentes pcnitus babeanthumores, ncc fontes crebros,nbsp;amnesty raros:relinquitur,uti muito meliora inucniantur anbsp;pita fontium ,qu3e/ad feptentrionem aquilonemue fpedant:nbsp;nifi.fiinciderintinfulphurofum locum,autaluminofum, feunbsp;bituminofum. tunc enimpermutantur ,amp; aut calid� aquae,nbsp;autfrigidae^odoremaloamp;fapore profundunt fontes,Nec�nbsp;cnim calid� aqu�eft ulla proprietas,i�d frigida aquarum innbsp;cidit^ercurrensin ardentem locum,efferuefcir, amp;pcrcalefa^nbsp;Aa/egreditur per uenasextraterratn; ideo/diutius non poteftnbsp;permanere,fed breui fpacioi'fic frigida. Namquefinaturalitcrnbsp;effet calida,nonrefrigeraretur calor eius.Sapor autem �Co-fnbsp;dor, amp; color cius,non reftituitur ,quod intindus amp; commitnbsp;xtus eft propter natur� raritatem,

A I ta que qua: ex imbribiis aqua colligitur, ] Pluuu dlt;IUii� Pdulo AeginetdItbro i.cap.^o. (xfententiaHtppocrdtis( eliautcmtxnbsp;lib.de capitif uulneribtu^commenddtur.quod fit leuis.fudttisjimpidd, (Jnbsp;tenuis.Qmdq;citiuiputrefcdt,indictu ejfeuirtutispotiuttiudnj uiiij. Einbsp;fententia fubfiribit ColumeUd lib.t. cdp.f. Scribitenimidqudtnpluuidlemnbsp;falubritdti corportmi cfie dccommoddti�imdm.td etidm Auicennd uoluit,nbsp;putcorumdqudm improbuns lib.i,fin.i..Plinius lib.ii.cdp.f. multisuer�nbsp;bis ear um fcntentidm refiUit,^uiefierndrunt dwm mdxim� probdnt. innbsp;primis,qu()d kuitds/deprehendi dliterqudmfenfuuix poteli,nuUopen�nbsp;momento ponder is/dquis inter fe difldntibus;qu�d cddens/inficidtur hdlitanbsp;terra^guo �efut pluuia dqua fordiumincffeplurim�ifentidtur, citi�ime^nbsp;ideo cdlefidt dqud pluuid:uttltoresiqui!eprofluunt^exiftimdri;curfuenitnnbsp;procurfipf^lextenudri dtque proficere;fidgndntes dtque pigrdstnerhnbsp;to ddmndri. De dijuis lege^ libet),Auerroim fimp�cium cdp. js. cr Wnbsp;eiufdem drgumcnti Adfim cdp.4. Qua dutcm d Senecd trdduntur lib. nd*nbsp;turdlium quaftionum.t.edmdgis dd cdput pr oximum pertinent : itdq- e�inbsp;cum ueneris, ddeundum tibieum duiioremiudico, quodudridrum dqud*nbsp;rvmndturdmfcribdtt B Acrautem'cumruii/trudensquocuncpnbsp;humoretn

humorcmpr�uiiim,] �pfedixitltb.vCdptS.uentumeJJed�riiflneit fit undarn cum incerta mot ta rcdundantia, Arifloteles aut� lAeteor.lib.z,nbsp;Bent um ait effe terrenihalitu! co^iam,lt;IUteic^aterramagitatur. Et lib,nbsp;defiundo,ex/iccobalitu,cum ajrigore /�cimpcOitur ut diffluat, uentiwtnbsp;tfficiuult^quinihil aliud ejj� u!deatur,nifi qu�m plurimui con�rtus^ a�r^nbsp;C Vaporemautcm;amp;ntbulas/amp;hujnoiesetcrranafd.] a6nbsp;fcoc orbein acrem qui fupra nos e�,duplexhalttuseffvrtur,auilore An�nbsp;fiotelelibro de Mundo-.quorum altertftccui cft fi{midus,qui'� terra eua�nbsp;poraturialterlhumidiorcruaporoftor, quiexhalatur ab humoribta. Exnbsp;mues, gr andines gignuntur: Exnbsp;i�lisiuenti,corufcationes,tonitrua,pre�eres,�(lmina,0'huiufmodi. Dnbsp;Null� enira camer�,qu� funt caldariorum. ] id e� ceUarutnnbsp;ubilauabantur,utfupralib.f,cap.io.GalenuilibroM.ethodiio. balnetnbsp;partesenumerat quatuor, primamiin qua ingredientesin a�re uer/arenanbsp;tur calido,cam interpretati fumta Zaconicumifecundarnquo ex t�a in aanbsp;quam cabdam defcenditur, id propri� Ttovr^�p ait appeUarhab hac egrefnbsp;f�^moxin tertiam�igidam ibanf.in quartaifudoremdetergebant.Videtonbsp;turn locum,nimirum quid quatq; pars uirtutishabeatiexplicantemt Quodnbsp;fi Plinium Ctecilium, lib. y. epiflotaad Apollinarem/legerif,puto ficerifnbsp;operteprecium. E Erprimo/nonrerH�tnturpropterbrcuira�nbsp;tem.] tdefl exiguitatem�i�artvm,fiue paucitalem, fie Itb.x.cap.s. ex*nbsp;tmpt� glebis,guttie,�eie quie refidunt, propter breuitatem non pojfunt coinbsp;ligi, f Vtcorpushomim�s(excaloreemirtitfudores.] Vndenbsp;Cr nos edoflilfudoremficco calore elicimui Laconicis. Et quia de fudoreinbsp;de hi�oria animalium.f.ptnguinemfi immodic�humefcat, infiieciemfa*nbsp;nieiidilui, adeolferefcere, ut nonnu�iffudore cruento exiularint. Gnbsp;Quae orbe terrarum ChorographqspiAa. ] Chorographi*nbsp;ami� Geographia di�vrrefcribtt Ptolemaua lib.i.Geograph, Quod Cbo*nbsp;fographta per partes locorum fingulA,ac etiam minuti�ima quieq^de�ri'/nbsp;bit,ut portas, uicos, populos. Geographiie autem proprium, unam ey con /nbsp;tinuam terram o�endere. Deinde, Chorographia�tiA locis acciduntma*nbsp;gis cofiderat,qu�m diligentem proportions di�antiarum rationem;quott /nbsp;Geographite e�, pofiremo'Chorographialocorunt pifiurd fgf f;Gf

34'5 M. VlTRVVn POLL. fhiaper linedt tenues ac denotationes tantum, po�t tones cr uniuer��gttnbsp;rationesoftenderepotefl^ De kismuitafuntapud Euftuthtumlenarrato*nbsp;remDionyfijAfri, H Maurufia,quamnoftriAlauritaniamapnbsp;pellanr.] Strabolib.ultimodicit,qui�Gr^cisMaurufijappellantur,nbsp;B^omanose^indigenasluocaretiiauros. I ExmonteArIante,Dy*nbsp;ris.] Sfrdix) diHolib^ fcribit^montem cjjc in Lybia, quern Grteei lAtlan*nbsp;tern uocantj�arbariOyrim.ldemfentiunt Plinius lib.j .cap. i. ez Solinuinbsp;cap,I}, Vitruuiusmon montemi^uidem, fed Nilumcxmonte Atlante ortagt;nbsp;dieit uocari Dyrim,lt;iui po�eafmutato nomine,iiigir, po�remo/ubi in AC*nbsp;gyptum peraenit,Nilus dicatur,Fieri potu�ut Mauri, quo nomine ipfuntnbsp;montem'unde profluat,appellent eodem ipfum fluuiu, atq^ id /�eiiafjinbsp;Vitruuitem.credibilee�.Nilufigriecadi�lio e�, audoreSerutoGeorg. 4-cumMeUodatin� uocetur. HorusApo�oNiliactis, feupotiusPhilippus,nbsp;quigr�c�iex Aegyptia lingua eum uertit,traditfquem Aegyptiac� v5/j ue*nbsp;cant,interpretatumv(op,tde�nouum�gni�care. K Perfiuniinanbsp;Aftafobam �dAftaboram,] A�apum ZT A�aboram Plinius Itb'S�nbsp;cap.�. lulius Solinuscap.4s. Ztr Pompo. Mela lib. t.cap.�. ipfum Niluntnbsp;dicunt,quihis duobus ueluti brachijslinfulam Meroe� claudat.Strabo au�nbsp;tem lib.ulttmo,ztr Ptolemicus Gecgrdp.4.. caps.flumina diuerfa �ciunt.nbsp;Diodorus Siculuslib. i. dicit^ab hisqui infulam Meroenhabitant^uocarinbsp;A�apum,id e�aquam � tenebris uenientem. Plinius ztr So�nusidi�is locisnbsp;circaMeroenidiuifum Nilum afferuntdeuo/A�aboran, dextro A�ufo^nbsp;pen nominari.cyuc)d autcm hicvitruuius Aflafobampro Aflapo,�ue A=nbsp;�apode dixcrit,mirum effe non debet : nam Ztr Strabamp;A�ofabam � non�nbsp;nullis fcribit appeUari- Porrotan A�ofabam apud vitruutuan apud Strd�nbsp;t�nern A�afobamfcribendum�t, non mihi hquet. L Peruenitpernbsp;montcs.adCataraden, ] Catara�entraditStraboltb. ultimo,nbsp;admediii�re flumenipetrofum quoddam fupercilium, in fuperiore partenbsp;planum iit flumen reciperepo�it,de�nensuer�inpriecipitium.ln Nilotjlnbsp;huiufmodi quidam locus,ubipriecipitdnsfruitpotius quam fluit. Ammia�nbsp;nus Marce�tnus lib.iz.pr�ruptos fcopulos interpretatur. MpxMaunbsp;ritaniaaurcmtapiitNiliproflucre, ] Ari�oteleslib.Meteoranbsp;auilor e�,prima Nilifluenta'ex Ar gyro monte decurrcre. Herodotus lib,nbsp;i.ignorartai^undeoriitur, N Ibiquenafciinturlchneumones.]

DE ARCHITEC, LIB. Vllf. 547 'ichneumon in Aegypto niifcitur,dntmlt;ilfilistttdgnitudine, fedfiguranonnbsp;ddmodum d mure abhorrens. Hdbet internecinum cum dngue bellum ; necnbsp;priuf hoflem dggreditur,(iudm focios uocet,Gflimo obdu^tamp;contrd i�utnbsp;tnorfui^ f:fe loricct. In dimicdtioneicduddm attoUens ,i{lus irritas duer*nbsp;fus excipit^donec obliqua cdpite/fieculdtusunudddt inf�uces, DebeUdt crnbsp;Crocodilum. Au�oresfunt Ari�otelesidenaturalihiftoridlib.^, cdp.nbsp;CzPhni�iIib.s.clt;lt;p.i4.erIf. O Crocodili.l Crocodilt ndturdnt/nbsp;iefcribithisuerbisAmmidnusMarcelltnus lib. i,z. de Aegypto laquens^nbsp;Inter aqudtilcs (inquitybefids, Crocodiluiiubique per eos tradus dbunddt inbsp;txitidle quddrupes mdlum,d�uctum dementis dmbabus, tingud cdrens^dnbsp;xilldmfuperioremcommouens foldm,ordinedentium pedindta.pernicionbsp;fis morfibus quicquid tetigerit, pertindciter tenens, oud ddens dnferinisnbsp;fimilid,uM drmdtus e/l unguibusfibdberet pollices, dd cuertendds quoc^nbsp;�dues fufficeret/uiribus mdgnis:dd cubitorum enim longitudinem is. internbsp;dum extentus,no(iibusiquiefcensper undds, diebushumi uefcitur, confi*nbsp;dcntid cutis,qudtn itd udlidam gent, ut eius tergo:cdtdphrd�ld/iix tormennbsp;torumidibusperfiretur. Vide Herodotum lib, i. Dwdo)-�M�S(CK!�(M/zamp;.nbsp;t.Pliniumlib.s.cdp.is. Sotinumcdp. 4-S�Metdmhb.Qrcdp.y. Uieminitnbsp;Horui Apo�o�ib. de Uteris hieroglyphtcis ftue Aegyptijs tEtymologuinbsp;didum putdt, quod crocum timedt ; ndmnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;s/timoremfigni�cdt. Ae*

gyptif enimiquimelconficiunt, cumfcidnt Crocoditiimeodeleiildri ,crod co dfferguntiquod lUumhorredt. Crocusdutcm.tx fententid fchotidl�anbsp;CdUimdchiiin Hymno Apollinis,dicitur, wap� r k��a 5'c��v�V, tdnbsp;ell^quodfrigore florjdt. p Pr�ter Hippopotamos ] Hyppopotdmu,nbsp;id e�fluuidtile equu, du�lor Ariflotelesde hiftorid dnimdliu lib.t,gignitnbsp;Aegyptus, eitubd e� equi, unguldiqudlis bobu s, ro�rumyefimum, tdludnbsp;etidm ineflibifulcorum modo, dentesiexerti ,f�d kuiter, cdudddpri, uoxinbsp;equi,mdgnitudoid�ni,tergoris tdntd cra�itudo,ut ex eoiuendbuld /icidnt,nbsp;interiord omnidiequi gyr d�ni. Inter dr undines celfisigy fqudlentes nimidnbsp;denfitdte,h�c beludifit trddit Ammidnus libra dido)cubilibtts po�tfs,ociunbsp;peruigili�udio circum�gt;c�dt,ldxd^ copidud kgetes depdfccndds egresnbsp;ditur i cum^ idm cceperit redire di�entd, duerfis uefligij^di�inguit trd*nbsp;mites multos, ne unius plane itineris lineas infidiatores fecuti, repertdtttnbsp;finedijficultdteconfididnt. Itemcumnimid duiditdte extuberdtauentre

pigrefcitifupercalamo recens exe�o,fiinorilconuolHitamp;crur�, ut ()eJi bus uulnerat�fCruor egefluswddefcentem �ciat leuem, cdrne� faucienbsp;lis coeno ol)linit,lt;jMtndiuin cicdtrices conueniunt pldg^. QuosjdeCroco�nbsp;d�o dixi /crip/tffe,iffdem locis/de Hyppopotctmo etiamdixerunt. Hontwnbsp;�gnificdturi Acgyptij,fluuiatilemequumpingeb�t;uttriiditHorus Apolnbsp;ioNili(tcui,ltbrodeliterish!erog!yphicKfecundo, Namquefinanbsp;turaliter cfTctcalida,] Aqudruntfquie credunturcalidtee�i, quodidnbsp;ttdturdcomparatum non�t,cdlor diupermdnere nonpotefi. Quicquidnbsp;autem contruxerint faporis, odoris^autcoloris^extocorumper quosper�nbsp;currunt natura, idfta]^onte non to�itur. variorum autemfaporum innbsp;amntbusGr�ntibusrationemtid ignis qui ineflautingignitur/�cultatcmnbsp;re�rt Anl�oteles meteor-1. quod terra,ut magis, minusue combulia e�,nbsp;uarias �rmas]jgt;eciesq; fortitur,quippe alumine, cake, cieteris id ge�nbsp;nus �cultatibus repie tur, quasidum aqu� dulces influunt, commutantur,nbsp;fiunt^ nonnulLaacidie, alite amant, alilt;eialios fapores o- odores induunt,

DE AQVIS CALIDIS, ET Q_VAS HABEANT �irf s 4 diuer�s metaUis prodeuntes,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;de uariorum �nti�

SV N T autem eti� nonnulli fontes calidijCx quibus/progt; fluit aqua fapore opnmo.qu�dnpotioneita eft fuauis,nbsp;utinccfontanalisab Camoenis,nec Maniafaliens/defidcre#nbsp;tur.H�c autem/a natura pcrf�ciuntur his rationibus : cum innbsp;imo/per alumen,autbitumenjfeufulphu^ ignis excitatur,ar#nbsp;dore percandcfacit terram,qug efl circa fe; Supra ic autem/fetnbsp;�idum cmittir in fuperiora loca/uaporem5amp; ita/f�qui in his lonbsp;cis,qui funt fupra,fontes dulcis aquf nafeuntur, off�ni� eo uanbsp;pore/efferuefeunt inter uenas,amp; itaprofluuntincorrupto fa�nbsp;pore.Sunt etiam odore amp; l�porenonbono/frigidifontes,nbsp;qui ab inferioribuslocispenitus orti,pcr loca ardentia tranfnbsp;cunt ab hisiper longum ipacium terr� percurrentes refrigt;nbsp;geratiperueniuntfupra terram,fapore,odore, coIorecpcoOnbsp;riiptOjUtiin Tyburtina uiaflumen Albula ,amp;in Ardcatino/nbsp;fontes

fontes frigidi codem odore, qui/fulphuran dicuntur, amp; religt; ^uis locisfinriilibus.Hi autcm/cum fint frigidijideo uidenturnbsp;afpedii feruere,quodA:um in ardentcm locum�lte penicus innbsp;ciderunt,humoreamp;igni inter fccongruentibus ofFenfi,uehcgt;nbsp;mentifragoreiualidos infe recipiuntlpiricus,amp;ita,inflitiuinbsp;� uenticoadiybullicntescrebre per fontes cgrediuntur. Exhisnbsp;autcmqui n� funt aperci,fed aut faxis, aut alia ui decincntuf,nbsp;t per anguftas uenas/uehemcncia fpiritus excruduntur/ad fumgt;nbsp;mos grumorum tumulos. Itacj qui putanuranta fe akitudigt;nbsp;ne,qua'funtgrumi,capitafontiumpoffehabercjcum aperi#nbsp;untfolTuraslatiuSjdecipiuntur.ISlamcputi �ncum uastton innbsp;fummis labris plenum, fed aqu� menfuram lux capacitatisnbsp;habensetribus/duaspartes,opcrculumc^ in co collocatum,nbsp;ciim ignis uchemcti feruore/tangarur, percalef�eri cogit aqu�,nbsp;eaautem/propter naturalem raritacem/in fcrecipicnsferuogt;nbsp;ris ualidam inflationem,non modo implet uas,fed fpiritibusnbsp;extollens opercul�/�i crefcens/abundat,fublaro autem opcrgt;nbsp;culoicmilTis inflationibus in a�rc patenti, rurfusiad fuum lo�nbsp;cum rcfidet. Ad eundem mod�ca capita fontium, cum funtnbsp;anguftqs compreira,ruunt in fummo fpiritus�qujbullit�s.nbsp;Simul arque latins funt aperti exinaniti per raritates liquid�nbsp;poteftatis/rcfidtint, reftituiintur in libramenti fui proprie#nbsp;tatcm.Omnis autem aqua calida,ideo quidg,'eft medicament �nbsp;Q tofa,quodin pr�uijsrebus pcrcoda, aliam uirtutem recipit/nbsp;ad ufum. Namque fulphurofi fontes/neruorum labores ref�tnbsp;ciunt,pcrcalefacicndo/cxuggdocj caloribusfc corporibus butnbsp;mores uitiolbs. Aluminoit autem/c� diffoluta membra cortnbsp;porum,'paralyfi,aut aliqua ui morbi/eceper�t, fouendo pernbsp;patentes uenasA�elrigerationemjC�traria coloris uircficiunr,nbsp;amp; ex hocicontinenter rcftituuntur in ann'quam membroruinnbsp;curationem. Bituminof�autemlintertoriscorporis uitta potnbsp;tionibus purgando.folcnr mederi. Eft autem aqu�frigid�gcnbsp;nus'nitrofum,utiPinnx,Vefttn�,Cutilrts,aliiscplocis fimili

1 btis;quod'potionibus dcpurgat,per aluumcf tranfeundo, K etiam ftrumarum minuit tumorcs.

A Necfontanalisabcamoenis. 3 TontdnAli�utlfintim�isdtlui^ d fiittibui luci cdmoemtrit, qui e� extrd portdm Cdpetidm, dtteftdnte Afconbsp;nio Pedidtto,undeappe�dtd Cdmceitd portd,po�ed Cdpetid,eddem d �ntinbsp;tgt;Uif�ittindIii,Gr Ldtind,quoiiinLdtiumduceret; nificreddtquiiiVitru*nbsp;w�� dddqugdH�Hmre^exilJc,quod/ttonexi�imamui.Liuiuietidm De�nbsp;tdd^primie lib.t.du�or efl,lucum eumNumdm Kups[dcralfe,quem me�nbsp;diitm ex fpecu opdco �ns/perennirigdbdt dqud. B Nec M artia fa*nbsp;liens�def�deretur , ] Aqua JAdrtiteduilusifuperportdmEfquilindtnnbsp;trdn�cnsidd Thermds Diocletidni deducebdtur, prius dTrdidno/in Auen�nbsp;tiantmontem,uidVdlerid du�lus;ut trdditurd lulio Frontino libro denbsp;aqu�duH.CommenddtureddquddPlinioilibrOii.cdp.j. C VtiinTynbsp;burtinauiaiflumenAlbula,] Tyberim/priut effedi�um Albuldtn,nbsp;au�oresfunt Vdrrode litigud Ldtind 4.VirgiI. Aeneid. s .Sext.Pompeiufnbsp;(rdli),feddd Vitruuij locumhuncmihihDe ijsdutem Albulis dquisintellinbsp;gendum,quiei�frigidie/ii� dgroTyburtino dd udrios morbos fdlubresfunt,utnbsp;fcribunt Strabo libro f.zy Plinius tib.}i. cdp.t, Meminit Suetonius in uitdnbsp;Ctefaris Augu�i,Mdrtidlislibro t.uocdtaqudffulphureds.

Ibit^dd HerculeigeliddS qud Tyburis undas gt; H�ubifulphureis Albula�mat aquii^

De eisputofenfitGdlenus lib s-methodimedendi,cum dittC^uiinalumh tio�s aquis (quic �x�ouAix Hocd�t)/d�erdt. D Et in Ardcatinoifonnbsp;tes frigidi.] Arded�inquit Strabo) lib. s. Rutuloram coloniadi�ans inbsp;mari�adijs 70,ab urbe autemluiginti milUbus pa�unm-Condita e� d Dd*nbsp;ndePer(eimatre,ut tradunt Plinius Itbro }.cdp.f.luliitsSolinus cap.e.Vnnbsp;de VirgHij i�ud Aeneid,?.

Prtcipiti delata notojocus Ar�ea quondam Dii!lusduis,GrnuncmagnumtenetArdednoMen.

I� dgro Ardeatinoierant�igidi �ntes^odore fulphureo fxtidt;quod^elidm rc�rtBocatiusde�ntibus. E Vtuenticoadi.] Viconcepfi^tr/*nbsp;tus�

DE ARCHlTEC. LIB. VIII. 551 fui. F Adfummosgrumorumruniulos.] LibroiMicauimtn^nbsp;^UMumelfe co�e�lionem terrlt;e;hicpro montibm dccipimtti.Docetnbsp;non continuo librundos effe�ntes,unde emergere uidcntur; fieri plerun^inbsp;nt Quorum �ntium uidentur ejji capita in fiumtnis montibus ,fiquislattiinbsp;lt;(periat,experiaturleo akitudinis extoUhO' neluti cxtrudiluchementia con'nbsp;cepti/pirituSjdumaquojfaxis, aut alia uiiretinetur, quo minus libramentinbsp;fut proprietate excat, eiy per anguftas uenas!exprimatur, quasifi �ffurisnbsp;patentioribus aperueris,rcfidit aqua,ut multi decipiantur in hbrandis �nnbsp;tiumcapitibus^ G Quodinpr�urjsrebuspercoda.3Ic(c^,parnbsp;quaspermeat'priufquaminapertumprodeat. H Vtipinn�^uefti�nbsp;n�. ] Veftinos/ultra Piccnum cffeJradit Strabo hb.s.Pinnas autemiapsnbsp;paretoppidu effie Pinnenf��, quosiin Veilinisconllituit Pliniuslib.j.cap�nbsp;ii.quarta Italitercgione. l Cutilijs.] Strabolib.s-non Cuttliasuosnbsp;eat,fedCotifcoliast In Cotifcolijs(inquit)nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;kuJio^kuAious fi-igid�,aqttlt;!e

funt,quarumpotus'e:yinfe�iolmorbos curant-Pliniuslib.t^.cap.i * Cuti� lias cum Vitruuio dixit-Cutili�,inquit,tn Sabinis geltdi�im^�fu�u quodantnbsp;corpora inuadunt,ut prop� morfus uideri po�it,apti�imlt;e�omacho, no*nbsp;�WjMttiwerfocorpon'. K Strumarum minuit tumores.] Stnw,nbsp;fiui�oreAeginetalib,4. cap . funtglandultobduratlt;e,quibuslcollum,nbsp;axill�,inguinaioccupantur,Gr�cisx�i^^^^^ dicuntur.Ltofiriietiamfcro'nbsp;�lasuulgo appellant,�rtaffeiqu�d hislfcrof�,ideftporcteitentantur�fnbsp;laboranLStruma Cornelio Celf'o,ltb. s.cap.is,ell tumor ,in quo fubterconnbsp;cretie qutcdam/expure crfanguine qua�glanduli^oriutur.Apfyrtus lib^nbsp;deueterinariadicitfiniumentis appeUariiJ^�vMfidejlglandulas. Plinius,nbsp;in hominetonftllaS) infuc/glandulas uocat^�plura cupis, legito Galenuntnbsp;libromethodi.ij�

Vbi ucro aurum,argcntum, ferrum, �s, plumbum,religt; qu�c^ researum fimiles/fodiuntiir,fontes inucniuntur cogt;nbsp;piofi/edhimaximefuntuitiofi.Habentenimuitiacontrarianbsp;aqu�calidj,quamfulphur,alumcn,bitumcn emittit,quot;quipernbsp;poriones,cG in corpusineunt,amp; per uenas permanandoMer^nbsp;J uosattingunt Si artus, eos durantinflando. IgicurZncruiingt;nbsp;flarionccurgentcs,exlongftudinec�trahiintiir,amp;ita'autneugt;nbsp;ficos, aut podagricos effici�t homines,ideo quod ex duriffi;;

mis, fpiff�oribus'frigidiflimisc^ rcbu^inriru^as habent uc^ narum raritates. Aqu� aucem fpedes eft,qu�jicumhabcatnbsp;non fan's perliicidasuenas,fpuma ,uu flos, narat in futnmo,nbsp;colore flmilis uitri pur pu rei. Hacc �maxime confideranturnbsp;Athenis.Ibienim)exhuiufiTiodilocisamp;fontibus,amp;in Afty, Mnbsp;amp;adportumPyr3eum,dudifuntlalientcs,equibusbibicnc^ Nnbsp;mopropter earn caufam , i�d lauationibus/amp; reliquis rebusnbsp;utuntur. �ibuntaurem ex puteis, amp; icauirant eorum uitia,nbsp;Troezeni/n� poteftid uirari,quod omnino aliud genus aquf 0nbsp;non rcperitur,nifi quod Cibdcli haben t.Itaque/in ca duitate,nbsp;automnes,aut maxima parteifunt pedibus uitiofi.Ciliciae ue Pnbsp;ro ciuitateTarfo/flumen cft nomine Cydnos, in quo/poda^nbsp;grid crura maccrantesfleuantur dolore. Sunt autem Scalianbsp;multagencra,quae/fuas habent propriet�res, uti in Sicilia flunbsp;men eft Himera ,quod/a fonte cum eft progreflum,diuiditurnbsp;in duas partes,*qu3e pars profluit contra Aetnam ,quod pernbsp;terraedulcem iuccum percurric,eft infinita dulcedinc : alteranbsp;pars,qu�lt;per cam terram currit unde fal foditur, falfum hagt;nbsp;bet faporem. Item Paraetonio,amp; quo eft iter ad Hammo#nbsp;nem,amp;Ca(rio ad AegyprS, lacusfunt paluftrcs, qui itafuntnbsp;ralft,ut habeant infuper fe iaiem congclatum. Sunt autem dinbsp;altis pluribus locisamp;fonteSj�C flumina,�ilacus,qui per faligt;nbsp;fodinas pcrcurrentcsincceffario falfi perficiuntur. Alqautetn/nbsp;per pinguesterrae uenasprofluentes,unftioleoerumpunt,nbsp;uti Solis(quod oppidum eftCilid�)flumenynomine Lipan's,nbsp;in quo'natantes aut lauantes,ab ipfa aquannguntur. Similigt;nbsp;ter Acthiopiac lacuseft, qui/uncioshomincs eflficir qui in conbsp;natauerim: amp; in India , qui fereno c�lofemittic olei magnamnbsp;multitudinem.Item Cartbagini fons eft, in quonatat infupernbsp;oleum,odorc,uti fcobe, citreo, quo oleo/ctiam pecora folcnt Snbsp;ungi.Zacyntho�i circa Dyrrahchium,amp; Apolloniam^fon#nbsp;tes func, qui/picis magnam multitudinem c� aqua uomunt,nbsp;Babyloncdacusamplinimamagnitudinc,quiLimneafphal tnbsp;tisappellatur,hahetfupranatansliquidumbitumen,quobilt;nbsp;tuminc;8c latere teftaceO/ftrufto muro;Semiramiscircundcgt;nbsp;dit�abylonem,

L AutNcun'cos,] Hcurici�uelieruicifuntt^wtteruorumlabo� respatiuntur^ M EtinAily quot;]AftyfineAliu,MLc(tinipronuiiciint,nbsp;^uamuis oppidum quodcun^figniftcet,M apud Homerum non ruro ; eiutnbsp;tarnen dppelletttone,etidmfi nomen nonadi/ceretur, Athenas accipi reanbsp;ceptumefi.VtunturTerentiusinEunuchOfO-tbiDonatus. Cicero dele�nbsp;gibus i.AemiliusProb.in Alcibiade,cr alij .v ide etiam Stephanum libdenbsp;urbibus. N EtadportumPir�eum.]P{riceM�,port��e/�cremp(�nbsp;rium Athenarum,aitStrabolib-^. Dicit CT Pliniitslibro^, cap, i*.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;O

Troezcninonpoteftiduitari. ] DehacrePliniuslib.ft,cdp.t,a* quarumculpdin Traezeneiomniumpedesuitiafentiunt. EftautemTroevnbsp;ZencjoppidumAchahe. P Ciliciacuerociuitate Tarfo,fliimcnnbsp;�ft nomine Cydnos.] Cgt;tini�,frlt;�icnfe Vibio SequefirOfper mediantnbsp;ttrbem Tarfon Cilicilt;e/decurrit. Simile legiturapud Pliniumlib,i.cap.i7�nbsp;w Tauro monte oritur,fi credimus Arriano/de gcfiis Alexundri lib.i,nbsp;O�intus Curtius lib. t .fcrtbit de coin hunc modum: Cydnus inclytus dmlt;tnbsp;nis,non fiiacio d^uarum,fcd liquore memorabilis;quippe!lct(i trailu � fin -enbsp;tibus tabcns,puro folo excipitur ,-nec torrentes incurrunt,quiplacid� ma*nbsp;nantem atueum turbent, itaq^incorruptibilis idem^ fiigidt�imus, quip*nbsp;pe multa riparum amoenitate inumbratus, ubilt;^ fintibus fuisfimiHsUn manbsp;reeuad�.Afferit Solinuscap. ft, gentili linguafiyros^quicquid eft candinbsp;dum, Cydnumuocare, unde�uicamni datum nomen. Podagricismederi,nbsp;audores funt Plinius lib. ji.cdp-i.t^Strdbolib.t4. Q_ Vrf in Sicilianbsp;flumen eft Himera. 3 Hocftumen Stefichorus,apudvibiumScque*nbsp;flrum,dit,in das �ndi pdrtes,una�n Tyrrhenum mare, alter aiin Libicumnbsp;decKrrere, SolinuSiHimereum uocat, tradit^c�lel�ibus mutari plagiStnbsp;amarum e/fe idum in Aquilonem fluit, dulcem/ubi ad meridiem flc�itur^nbsp;R Vnftioleo crumpunt,utiSolislt;quodoppidumeftCiIinbsp;ci�, ) HocPliniuslib.ft. cdp.t, Polyclytus(inquit)afterfltxplerioleinbsp;uicemtuxta Solos Ciliciafintem.Theophraftus hoc idem fieri in Aethio*nbsp;piajeiufdem uirtutisfinteiLytusfinlndite terrisfintemefte, cuiia aquailtsnbsp;(ernadrdeantitdemEcbatanistraditur.Solinutcdp.^�.inAethiopian�nbsp;longe ab Heliutrapezafcribit ejfelacum, quo perfifit corporauelut oleonbsp;ttitefcunt. Audio etiamfiunc Degernfea Bauaria loco,fintcm e/fe,ex quo

554 M. VITRVVIl POLL* fummOfOkumquotidie h�bc�tur. S Odorcudfcobecitrco,] Fornbsp;te fcrilgt;endum,odore uti fcobis citre�,dut citrcorMn,td efl odore rdmen�nbsp;torimti/iue fcobis c�reorum,lt;lMbtisjodor dcerriniut,du�ore Plinio hb.ifnbsp;cdp.is.lS.iuidUt� �ntii meminit du�ior hbc�ildennrdbilibtti duditu, WJWnbsp;Ari�otclisnonejJlt;:,muhis conic�uris pojfumutdemon�rdre. T Banbsp;bylon^lacus/ampliffima magnitudinc] Pr�tereum ldcum,quinbsp;in ludiCdid bituminc quod gignit,A�)hdhites i(ocdtur(acrcp�2.rov cnimbinbsp;tumen Gr^ci dicunt: ndm djfdldtoniUgnum e� odoris non infuduis, quodnbsp;fepldfidriorum cIpciuiefAnddlos uocdnt, utcunq; Auicennddiucr/ts cdpi�nbsp;tibus trddit de eii, ceii diuerfe�nt res : eum quidem cert�reliqui ArdbeSnbsp;imitdtifunt ) e�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Idcui in 'BdbylonidiA/phdliis nomine, � cuius bitumine

fyldtcre te�dceoicon�rudlo mtirOjPdbylonem Semirdmiscinxiffe �r* tur. Bdbylonem fcribut Diony�us A�r de�tu orbis,Strdbo libro is. Dionbsp;dorus. Sicutus lib.j.I u�inus lib-t, Ouiduis Metdmor, 4.So!inus cdpitejo^nbsp;�Semirdmide primumcon�ruddm-.dt Perofus Chdld�us/trddit Pielutn,nbsp;fecundum A�yriorum rcg� ,�tnddmentd Bdbytoniieioppidi mag� qu�mnbsp;vrbis!�ciffe,po�ed Semirdmidemiurbem�ci(fe. De bitumine zy muriinbsp;Bdbylonis,mentioe�dpudDionemin\'lpioTrdidiw^ V Liquidumnbsp;bitumen, ] Bitumenuocdnt, quicquide�lentum/zymo�itieglutinofd,nbsp;quod Ifonte/dut montibus deuoluitur ,dut� terrd fcdturit, Idcubusi �nti^nbsp;busue inndtdns. exupd 4 Bdbytone/Zdcynthouut Apo�onid inuehitur, li*nbsp;quidum e�.Terrd e� in syridkirca sidonemjimusin lud��ldcu,duilorenbsp;Pliniohb.jf. cdp.if,G4!chm� tdmenilibrof�mplicium, bitumeninSyrid'inbsp;fldgno fdlfohdbcri'prodit � Quod de Bitumine ludiCie ndrrdtur^dde� fe*nbsp;qudxejfefzy lentindturd,utddomnem contdflum/ddhAreat, ne'quedtq;inbsp;fe!fepdrari,fed �pArtemdbrumpere uclisjuniucrfitds fequdtur.ubi dutentnbsp;ddmotd�erint men�ruis poUutd �ldi�gt;ontedifeerpdtur, quoddfferuninbsp;Pliniuslib.7.cdp,tf.GrSolinuscdp.4-Cornelius ueroTdcituslib^n. /il-fum e�e prodit,gndros enim locori�trdder^nddntes bitumine molesjpel*nbsp;ii,mdnu^trdhiddlitusimoxitbiudpore terr�,ui Solis�ndruerint,fecurinbsp;bus, cuneis^ ut tr�bes dut fdxdidifcindt.

Item loppcin Syria,Arabiaep Numidarum,Iacus funtim mani m3gnitudine,qui/en)ittunt bituminis maximas moles,nbsp;quasdiripiunt,quihabirantcirca.Id autcra/noneftmirandG,nbsp;nam

nam crebr� func i'bi/lapicidinf bituminis durf. Ciim crgo/p�r biruminofam tcrram ufs erumpit aquf, fecum cxtrahit,amp; c�Snbsp;fit egrefTa extra terramfecernftur,amp;fta,'reqdtabfebitumen*nbsp;Etiamc^ eft in Cappadocia in itincre, quod eft inter Mazacamnbsp;amp; Tuanam,lacusampins,in quern lacum parsfiuearundigt;nbsp;nis, fine alfj generis,fi demifta fucrit, dc poftero die'exempta,nbsp;eapars,qu� fueritexempca,inuenieturlapidca:qu�autemnbsp;parsfextra aquam manferir,pei manet in fua propriet�re. Adnbsp;eundem modum/Hierapoli Phrygi�/efferuet aquae calidaenbsp;multicudo, ex qua/circum hortos Guineas foflisdudis/im#nbsp;mittitur. Haec autem efficitur poftannumfcruftalapidea,�inbsp;itaquorannis dextraac finiftraimargincs ex terra faciendo innbsp;ducunteam, �iefFiciunthis cruftis,'in agris lepta. Hocauremfnbsp;ira uidetur naturaliter fieri, quod in his locis/amp; ea terra ,qut^nbsp;bus is nafeitur fuccus, fubcft,coaguli natur� fimilisDeinde 'nbsp;tum commixta uisfcgreditur per fontes extra terrain, a folisnbsp;amp;acriscalore/cogitur congelari,ut etiam in areis falinartjs/nbsp;uidetur. Item funtexamaro fucco tcrr�rfontes excuntesnc^nbsp;hementcr amari,utin Ponco/eft flumen Hypanis,qui/acapigt;nbsp;te profluitcirciter millia quadraginta/faporedulctflimo : deinnbsp;dejcum peruenit ad locum, qui eft ab oftioyad millia centumnbsp;fcxaginta,admifceturei font!culusx)ppidoquamparuulus.nbsp;Is/cum in eum influit,tunc/tantam magnitudinem fluminisnbsp;facit amaram. Ideo,quod per id genus rerrac/dc uenas,undcnbsp;Sandaracha foditur,ea aqua manando pcrficitur amara.HfCnbsp;autem idifiimilibus faporibus aterr�proprierateperficiungt;nbsp;tur,utietiaminfruiftibusuidetur.Sienim radicesarborum,nbsp;aut uitium,aut reliquornm feminum,non ex terrae proprietnbsp;tatibusfuccum capiendo/ederent fruftus,unogencreenentnbsp;in omnibus locisamp;rcgionibus)omni�faporcs.Sedanimadgt;nbsp;uertimus/apud infulam Lcsbon/uinum proryrum, M�oni� �nbsp;ff* k�T�mwM�.wTKv,ltem Lydiam;meliton,SiciIi3m'mamcrtinum, ggnbsp;quot;quot; Campaniamfa!crnum,inTerracinaamp;Fundis'Cfciibum,regt;

Ifquisque locis pluribusiinnumerabili multitudine genera ii uini uirtutes(^procreari;quf/non aliter poffiinr fieri, nificumnbsp;lerrenus humor/Cuis propnetatibus faporum in radicibus

infiiRis, enutritmatcrtam, per quam ^cgrediens ad cacumen, profundat proprium loei Si generis/fui fr u Aus faporem ?

X Item loppe ] lop()c inquitSolinttfcdp,47, oppidumdntiijw�ii�quot; orbe toto,tttpoteidnte inunddtionemterrdrum conditum, ubi efi bcm bi*nbsp;tuminofm. Y Etiamc^eft inCappadociainitincrc,quodeftnbsp;inter �Aaza 8C T uana-] Sertbendum inter M.iXzlt;u:itm cr Tudnitnt,lt;(c*nbsp;cu[dndi cdfu- Kizlt;tcdml�ppelldri Cteldredmdb Augu/lo, �tdm^ e�e [ubnbsp;Argeo monte,du�or e� Sext.Ruf�s, lHoninit plinim lib.s. cdp.jnbsp;ttdm dutemuocdt Tydndtn Pliniusieodem loco Z Ad eundem mo*nbsp;dumHierapoIi.] Deeddqudih�cinmodumtrddit Sirdbolib-ij. GfOnbsp;grdphi�, Contrd Ldodicedm t�ierdpolii, ubijdg^ute cdlidafcdturiunt, (rnbsp;nbi Plutonium c�.quie utrd^non pdrudm ddmirdtionem pr^efidnt. Nd��nbsp;d^udiddeo �cileintophum durdtttr,ut tjui deducunt:^a.y/i.o\!5 p.ovoA!#nbsp;^ovsddeff/oliddfepld/conficidnt, dd Fontesexeuntesuehemen�nbsp;ter 3.mari.] Scribenduitmdmdri,unddi�ione. bb VtinPontoeftnbsp;fluntenHypanis.] Dehoc/SoIinmcdp.i4.Hypdnfs(inquit)dmnisorinbsp;tur inter Auchetdif,Scythicorum dmnium prmctps;purm,crbdii�u fdlu*nbsp;tgt;errimm,u�l} Cd�ipodumterriiinl�rturi ubiiExdmpem�nsiin�mis e�nbsp;etmdrd fcdturigine,qui Exdmpeus/liquido ddmi�m fluori,dmnem uitiofuonbsp;uertit^dde(),ut diflimilis flbiiin mdrid conddtur. Re�rtnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;hoc Pomponiut

Keldlib.i.cdp,!, cc VndeSandarachafoditur.] DixitfuprdU bro 7.cdp.r, Sdnddrdchdmpluribus loeit �di�edoptimdmPontopropinbsp;fiumtnUypdnimihdberemetdUum, dd Sedanimaduertimusin�nbsp;fuJam Lesbonuinum Protropon,] Deefl prapofitiodpud.dUtnbsp;aliqud huiuflnodi. Qwd dutemdd Protrcpon�ieiidt�cribuntPlmim libgt;nbsp;t4.cdp.�.cr Pollux llb.s^cdp.i, itd dppe�dri uinum,quod fponte eflluit,nbsp;antequdm cdlc�tur uuie. Tortiuum enim diciturftorculdri expre�um po�nbsp;primdmpreff�rdmuindceorum/circuncifo pede. E� t^rlixiuum uinunt,nbsp;itliud^ut uidetur)d Protropo, t^uod dtfiillduit/dntequdm nimiutn cdlcetur,nbsp;du�ore Columelldltb.n,cdp.z7, 4i.Nlt;tm pneligdneum dt�umnbsp;txi�imdmmd ttl.Cdtone Cdpite3,dere ru�icd, quod prtelcgiturfln ufumnbsp;ppernriorum. Ad hunc utro locum mdgif dttinet,quod trddit Athenern b

tro I. tMtylettieos uitiu, quodiapud cos dulce nufcitur, 'TtjoJ'f o^ov dppel t(tre,aliosetiM'7t^�'^OTS-ov- E�dutcm Kitylencurbs Lcibiinful�in Ac^nbsp;geo mari. Plinius lib.14.. cap.7�protropon Gnidtumintcr tranfmarittanbsp;uinarccenfet, ce MaloniaK.aT�KSJiau^i�V(TKv,]Clt;lt;flt;lt;ce�lt;t�mfniteJ/nbsp;Pliniolib.i^.cap.r.uittigcnuteflf�CatacecMmenercgioneiiuxtaLdodinbsp;ccam,de quo Strabo lib.if,Po� hiec(inquit) regio,quteCatacec4umenc(ilt;inbsp;e� exu�a)dicitur^quingcntorum �adioru longitudine,latitudinet quadrinnbsp;gentorum,�ue ca tiy�ai�uc Mlt;eonia nominanda �t ; nam utroq^ nomine^nbsp;dicitur;eatotalarboribuicarct,pr�teruitcm,qult;eicatacecaumenit�n�rtfnbsp;uinumquod nu�i elcgantia cedit. Summa camporu �ciesicinerulenta e�,nbsp;montana,petrofa,z;rnigratanquamexadullionequadam. Qt^iditmcreenbsp;dunt/ex crebro �dminum cir fidgurtvm i�u/contingere-,uerum cenfcndumnbsp;potiuspropter ignem fubterra}jeum,cuius ortu�ttunc dc�ccrunt-Sunt ernbsp;apud Stephanii'libro de urbibus de hoc regione aliqua. Ex uerbis bis Str4nbsp;bonis atq^ item fine lib, u.�cileefl emendare Vitruuium.itaq^pro Kalo*nbsp;Hiam,fcribendumKieoniam.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Lydiam Meli ton.] Deeouinanun

quam quicquam � me le�uw e�. Kiletum quidemiconfi�t urbcm effi io* n�e,qult;eproxima efi Lydiie. Subdubitauittumpofiit hie mendofus e�e Ionbsp;fui,Gr pro Keliton,Tmoliumimagis quadraret; aut ut catacecaumenitennbsp;ttij Tmoliten dixi�ittufurpato etiam uocabulo i Galenajlibro primo anti*nbsp;doton,tylibrodeeuchymiacrcacochymia,(yltb. 2.decompo�tiontnbsp;tnedicamentorum Kara yiVK Cf alibi.Tmolum enimimontem Lydite, quinbsp;anteTytnoltt^ uppeUabatur, C Nrfw er Sttphanus/qui de urbibus Gnecinbsp;fcrip�r,TmolumicrTymolimlfluuiumagnofciteundemcffc.Vndeetiaittnbsp;Theophra�usltb.delapidtbus precio�s,petifolitumlapidem,qui;Lydiutnbsp;uocatur,tradit: cum autemfluuiumiitanominatumamontei�cilecrcdo)nbsp;TmoluminquamLydiiemontem,au�orefi plmiushb, y. cap. 19, uitibusnbsp;t�econ�tum.Etlib.14. cap.7. TmoUuinilmcminit, uti Dtoficorides libronbsp;quinto.Qui^^Galenuslibro a.methodimedendi,eituidttogenerapro*nbsp;dit,nnum'admodum dulce,altcrum'au�erum�cum i�o confiras. Kelitanbsp;iiutem it^ulalinfietoSiculofitdcfl Afiic� ucr�u,nunc/Kalta uocata. ggnbsp;Sicilia Mamertin�. ] KamertiniinattoCampaniie)auiloreStrabonenbsp;lib.6 .in urbeSicilueKe�dnamhabitatores induxerunt,tdntum^iKamernbsp;tini in Kc�dnisinMlucre, utincor(immanuitiuitdscon��erct,potiu5^nbsp;yy

K.dmertittos'eosuocirent omnci,qu4m MeJJanosxum^frrtta�imus uini e]fet,tuttum lt;iuidemipfumin�^icjjdnum,fed Kamer tinumnuncupd�nbsp;rent,quod contrd italica omnia er quidem prieftanti�ima certdt. Me��nbsp;Hit Plwius lib.14 .cap. 6. er Kartialis lib.itt

Si detur,quoduii nomen habere poteft, hh Campania falcrnum.] Falcrnu! ager/in Campania e� . Incipitnbsp;duteml� Ponte Campanoilena petent ibus urbanam colontam Syllanam; �(�nbsp;deuinumicui fecunda nobilitas dabatur,ut traditPlininsltb.14.. cap.^fnbsp;QHod tamenfnecin nouitate, necin nimia uetu�ate/corpori falubre ; me^nbsp;� diaautem�ta(l�quintodecimo anno incipit,eodemau�ore. ii 'Terra.*nbsp;cina/amp; fundis/C�cubum. ] VitruuiusappeRatCtecubittininomi*nbsp;ne,quodjn TerracinalVolfcorum olim Metropoli, er Fundis Campaniitnbsp;urbe,id eH earum agruinafcitur, cum tarnen eorum unumquodqiiproprianbsp;babeat appcBationem ; ficq^lCtecubus ager, unde Ctecubum uinum, �eut �nbsp;Fundis/Fundanumappclletur. Strabo lib.^ Xcecubum quidem licet paludi*nbsp;, bus adtaceat, t�neta tarnen uini �raci�ima/priecipuis enutrit arboribus�nbsp;Etpo�eodemlibro.sinui ucr(gt;Caietanoicontiguume�C.�cubum,cui ainbsp;iacet urbs Fundfin Appia uia. Tota h�c ora/prlt;ecipua adco uina general,nbsp;uerum Ctecubum/er Fundanum!erSetinum,�cutt Falernumier AlbantMtJnbsp;erStagantfn^internobilia numerantur � FtMartialii Ub, 13. Fundanie^nbsp;Ctecubidiuer�s Di�iehis meminit.De C�cuboiege Plinium hb.y^.cap.iS'

difparata, non tantum in ^riaamp; Arabiain arundinibus, �M iiincis,hcrbisc^omnibus/eflentodores,nec5arboresthurifei�nbsp;eo rx,neq^piperisdarentbaccas,necmYrrxglebuhs,necCYi�enbsp;nis/in ferulis lafer nafcerctur : fed in omnibus terr� regioni# pPnbsp;bus amp; lociSjCodem genere omnia procrearenair.Has autemnbsp;uarietates/regionibusamp;locis,inclinatio mundi,�ifolisimpcnbsp;tus,propius aut longius curfum faciedo , talcs eflRcit tcrrjhunbsp;mores ; qu� qualitates,/non folum in bis rebus, ied etiam innbsp;pecoribus�C armentisidifccrnuntur.H�c/non itadiff�milittfnbsp;cf�iccrentur, nifi proprietatcsf�ngularum terrarum/in region .nbsp;nibusfad folis potefiatem tcmperarentur.Suntenim Bceotixnbsp;fiumina(Cephyfus,�iMelas,Lucanf�(Craihis,Troi�Kan^nbsp;thus,

ih�Sjinc^ agn's Clazomem'orum, amp; Eryrhreoriim, amp; La�di� cenfiiim,fontesiac fliimina,cum pccorafuistemporibusann�/nbsp;parantur ad conccpdonem parcus,pcr id tempus adiungi'turnbsp;eoquotidie potiim,exeoc^lqu3muisfiin alba,procreant aiijsnbsp;** locis/Ieucoph�a,alijslocispulla,alr)s/coracinocolore.lta pronbsp;prieras liquoris/cum inic in corpus, profeminat intindamnbsp;fuicuiuft�gcnerisqualitatem.Igicur/quoniam incampis T ronbsp;janis/proxime flumen armenta rufa,amp; pecora leucophja na#nbsp;X� fcuntiiru�dcoddflumen/IIienfeSjXanthnappcllauifledic�tur,nbsp;ANNOTATIONES.

kk Non tantum in Syria 5C Arabia/in arundinibus Si iun� cis]nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;i4.c4p.n .fcdcrit/em

ttli4slcdljmumotioratiim,utlilgt;. 12,cap.tt.cr lib if.cap.u.crSulinuscd piteef Pliitiusmemcmoratocdp, 22 ,pfoditcommuncmclJ'e'Arlt;ibi�,in^nbsp;diie,cyquot;Syri^,Diofcoridesbba.cap.i^JnIndia nafci,prtecipuie^t^febonbsp;nitdtif fiduum,geniculis frequentibus ,cr^ui ajjulofc frdngitur,plcn4nbsp;drancorum fi�ula,(dbicantem,lcntui� inmandtndQicr aftringentem^nbsp;Qfficinje uocant Caldmnum aromaticum, Qjj. Sercnuf Ubro d( medicinanbsp;CaUmum [imp'dciier nominat, Hippocrates i/ju^t^mop dicit, ideft ,nbsp;Unguentarium fine Aromcdarium . Hieminit Xenophon libro primonbsp;itvaamp;xa-iamp;'. � Etiuncis.] intelligitiuncum odoriiUum,^ui4Grtfnbsp;cis lt;^olvos,id e� iuncusper exce�entiam dicitur,ab officinis'S^uinantum�nbsp;Tradit Plinius lib,a.cap,i2,inter Libanum montem'amp; ahum ignobilemnbsp;in conuallc modica iuxta lacum, cuius palu�riaie�ate ficcantur, tricenisnbsp;dbeo�adijsiuncum ey- calamum odoratosgigni, Pligendum e�e rufum^nbsp;recentem,floribtts refirtum,tenuem,rubentibusfragmentis, er lt;jni in coanbsp;�icando/ropeodorcm emittat,fcribit Gio�orides hb. i. cap.is.Vide P�!*nbsp;tiiutnlib.2t,cup.is. Cornelius Celfus ltb.4, . multiscapitibusuocatnbsp;iuncum rotundum, Aelius Promotus/in Dynamero,cap decordisdolori^nbsp;Bus ^o7vov,id e�,iuncum �mpliciter dicit ; ([ud nomine Utitur Scriboniusnbsp;targus.Scribit autem Galenus lib.de Hippocratis uocabulis,ipfum appelanbsp;larc^oivov�^vwo'/a.op,ide�,fuAueolentem.Pmendandusc� Pa�adijlanbsp;eushb. n.cap.i^.��cfuinatos unciasquatHor,fcrtbendum enirtUfchanananbsp;thus,aut potiusnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;v e�,odoratiiuncifloris, Scpla�arij bis

eutulei� lapident (ut dicitur) off�ndunt ; nam (yfyuinantumfcriitod, tycum florem non babeanttproeoiherbam ipfum uendunttNe^ enim uenbsp;reortUtquismhilMdet Aboheini�m,ifdlt;iceben Amrani,Al'ic�,Serapiifnbsp;Kcmcr cattrot Arabe$,uitium efje interpretis potius quim fcriptorunt inbsp;exi/limo, mm NequearborcsThuriferx.3Tl5ttrklt;irboro�itrlt;i*nbsp;dit Theopbrafluf lib. 9. de hifioria plantdrum,quittis frr�cubttKidttoUi;nbsp;folam Ardbiam,nec tomen uniuerfam^thittmittere,duiloretfunt Plinimnbsp;Itb. tt, cop,t4.. �- Solinut cdp.46, Diofcorides lib.i.cdp.31. etiom indicinbsp;ihuris meminit Philoftrotut libro t..uitlt;e Apo�onijTyonei, cy w Couco�nbsp;folnofci trodit.Adulterotum outemipini refinanbsp;nbsp;nbsp;gummi deprehenditurt

fiquidem gummiflommom non eiactddtur,refiniim fitmum euonefcit, feula thuroidicuntur locbrymt/^onte rotunde/zy candidie^Magno efl tonbsp;trouer ltd inter fcriptores,qute:f�t drbori5�cies,utfcribit Pliniui di�olonbsp;fo^ Aliqui enim�lio effe piriaiunt,minore duntaxotjoliflentifco fimHetn,nbsp;quidom!terebintho,nonnuUiluturi�lio. nn Nccjpipcrisdarentnbsp;baccas. 3 Cducdflulndidmom, utfcript�mondouitSolinuscap,nbsp;�onte,qudlSolieflobuerfus,drborespiperis�flentdt,qudt!ddluniperifl��nbsp;militudinemflu�u! edere dffeueront. Eorumqui primuf erumpit, uelutinbsp;Corylortvm fimbrio,outPdfeolorumflliqud,dtciturpiper longumt Atnbsp;cerit,id nigrum piper dppe�dtur. Mtbi venetijsoflenfo efl orbufculd nonnbsp;dbfimilibusEryoniie�lijtipro piper ii arbore; flu�timnonlicuituidere�nbsp;Et Pldtind�ibro de obfonijslflrtbit in Italid nofci. Admonendum hoc lotonbsp;duximuf,quodfcribitDiofcoride� lib.t.cap^tre.cr repetitur � Ptinio Unbsp;iroii.cap.r.GingiberflueZimpiberidutSingtberinonefl'erddicemhu*nbsp;tus arbor�ffed fui generis effe plantam. Baccof autemVitruuiusdppeSatnbsp;grana,. 00 NccMyrrh�glebuIas,] t�yrrhamfcribitruofcori*nbsp;des lib.t,cdp.77.lacbrymam e�e arboris,qult;e^in Arabiagignitur,non difnbsp;fimilis Spin� Aegypti�jncidunturenimarbores'dradiceddramosufl^,nbsp;ex quibus plagia emanat id genusgummi ; nam quodjfonte fudantunte^nbsp;quaminciddtttur,fta(lene�edit Pliniuslib,ti,cdp,^.Qtianqudm niofeonbsp;ridesdi�i hbri cap. n .ftaflen d�crite�e:ptnguitudinem recentis Kyr*nbsp;fbxcumexiguaaquatufe crexpre�ic. Demyrrba arbore,lege Th�o�

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. VllL jcji phra�um lib.dehi�oridpUntartvm.�.cdp.4.cr Solinum cdfgt;. 4s, ppnbsp;NecCyrenis in fcrulis Lafer nafceretur. ] Ldferpitium( quodnbsp;Gr�ci,ut teflatur Apittus lib.derc cultndrid 1. cdp.t. Cf liamp;.7. crfp.i. Sil*nbsp;phion uocdnt)dult;!torc Plinio lib.i^.cdp.i. in Cyrendicd prouincidreperquot;nbsp;tum e�; undedCdtullo Ldferpit^rlt;e Cyrenie dicuntur ; eius�tccusldfernbsp;nonnndtur,Coli^t�^li'i lib.de drboribus.cdp.ij, dppc�dt Idfer Cyrendci*nbsp;wm,�ueut in dlijscodicibuslegitur�dcCyrendtcum.EtPtdlddiuslib.t�nbsp;cdp.i^.oponCyrendicutn.ASoltno cap.40. SyrpeicrlAcfyrpicumidici�nbsp;tur.Eo ufos e�e antiquosindicdt multis Iock Apuiuslib . de re cultndrid.nbsp;Vndcpu�us laferdtuidpud eundem Itb. 6. cdp.e. dtcitur, er i� Apideionbsp;lib.to.ded/inodureo,carnesldfereinfi^i�.Quiitldferpitioipfoufoseofrnbsp;dem,fcribunt Theophraflus lib.ts.de htfloria plantdrum, er Plinius me�nbsp;moratocap.f, TraditDiofcoridesUb.j, cap.^j. caulem/aliquosSitpion,nbsp;rddicemW.iguddrim,�lidiHafpetonyUocare. Laferpitij mentio^e�apudnbsp;Strdbonem ltb.ultmo.Pldutumin Pfeudolo,er item in Rudente, ubiSir�nbsp;pe er Ntdgudaris��am non�nantur. Silphij mentio e� apud Ari�ophd*nbsp;nem in equitibui. Interpresfcribitfruticem eljeamcxni odoris.ex nonntdnbsp;lorum �ntentid,dliof dicere'effe odoris inamoeni. Uteminerunt etiam Annbsp;tiphdnes er Alexis apud Athendumlib.4. SunrcnimBoeoti�nbsp;fluminaC^phifus8CMelas.] DehisPliniuslib.t.cdp.iof.lnBoeoanbsp;tid 'dmnis tieldsbues nigrdS,Cephiftsiex eodem lacu profluens,dlbdt. rrnbsp;Lucani�Crathis.] CalHmdchifcholiaflesifcribit�rdthidemfiuuiunnbsp;ef�e Arcadi�.TraditStrabolib. Geographids-in Crathidelotos homines'nbsp;ctefdrie cdndidos et flauos efficii Vibiiti Seguefler'dicitdureicoloristPli�nbsp;nius duteml� Tbeophra�oltrddit cdndore�cere bobus acpecoribus,quinnbsp;er homincsqui ex eo bibdnt^candidos,mollioresq^,dc porre�a effe comd,nbsp;SS Procreantalij sloci.s Leucoph�a-] ld e� feiner acet coloris,nbsp;er fut no�ri loquunturjgrtfed, colore mixto ex dlbo'cr fitfco,ex nominisnbsp;notdtione,undepdnnusleucoph^us dicitur Pltniot1b.31.cap.to. Exi�imo,nbsp;non grauiter Idturum( fibene hominismgeniuin Aliquot coHoqiiijs noui)nbsp;no�r� tempe�dtts iurifconfulti�. Alcidtum,fi monuerim lapfum e/fe,quinbsp;in Parergis fcripferit,Leucophdumiolorem e�e gtluumfquadam tenus innbsp;fubrtvmuergent�m,quodex Sinopideponticd,quserubrafit, ermelinonbsp;Sflito, Plinio conficiaiw ? Nequeenim dpud Pliniumilcucophdum kgitur,nbsp;��

fed lcncophorum : �quot; ft leucophieum fcributur, non docet colorent efj�cit fed glutinum.EiusihiecfuniuerbA ex Itb.js^.cap. e-Sinopidis ponticlt;efeli*nbsp;bra,filK lucidilibris decern, or mebni Grlt;ecienfi$duabui mixtif, tritu^nbsp;uni per dies xijjeucophoruim fit,hoc efl^glutinu Auricum inducitur ligno,nbsp;tt Alrjs/coracinocolore.] Strabolib.u.deLaodicenfiumpccori*nbsp;bus loquens,Tbh Ko�a|iiz ;:^�av uocttt,cuiufmodt fcilicet in coruisconjfiinbsp;citur,id efi nigerrimum : cum locu Gregorius TifirnMinon rede interprenbsp;tdtuseli.Oppidni ��i�u�tKw/;endrrdtor,dicituo^op/ignificdrenigrutnbsp;unde die tint urnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;id efl coruus, cr cordcinus, hie efl pif:is Oppidno,

Athen^eo,Plinio,et CiCtcris.QudnquS Athen�us lib.r.leirr KOf as R� vev id efl i mouendis pupillis dt�ttm prodit, hdud fcio quint re��Xordcindtnnbsp;ficemmoninept�uocdt Pd�ddius : er /iquid intelligo, fericiuitto/t(quodnbsp;ui�utumiuulgodicitur') Cordcinuseflcolor, uu Ideozidflumenlli�*nbsp;enfes Xanrhum appellauifle dicuntur. ] Scribit Plinius lib .fnbsp;wp.ioj. Ritfids oues iuxtdjlium, Xdiithum efficere,undejet nomen dmni,nbsp;ttdm |av9os irufum /igniftcdt. Ariftoteles libro f. dehilioriddnimdliuntnbsp;duilor efl,Scdmdndrunt dmnemffldudsreddere oues credi,utXdnthuniinbsp;pro Scdnidndronuncupdtumdb HomeraexiflimdtMn�t,

Etiamcjinucm'uncuraqu3egencra(mortifera,qu�jperm3� lef�cum fuccum terr� percurrenria/recfpiuncin Icuim uenenanbsp;tam,uti fui�Te didtur Tcrracinx fons, qui uocabatur Neptunnbsp;nius,exquoiquibiberantirnprudentes/uita priuabantursquanbsp;proptcr/antiqui e�obftruxifle dicuntur. Et apud Cychrosin yfnbsp;Thracia/lacus, ex quo/n� folum qui biberint moriunrur,fednbsp;ctiam qui lauerint.Item in Teffaliaffonscftprofluens, ex quonbsp;fonte,neepecus ull�guftat, neebeitiar�genus ull�propiusnbsp;accedit,ad quemfont�/proximceftarbor/florenspurpureqnbsp;colorc.Non minus in Macedonia, quo loci/fepulrusefiEurinbsp;pidesjdextra ac finiftra monumenti,aduenientesduo riuic5gt;nbsp;nirruncin unum, accumb�tesuiatorespranl�tarerolcnt,nbsp;propter aqu� bonitatem. Ad riu tim ante qui cit in altera parnbsp;te monume nti,nemo accedir,quod morriferam aquam dici#nbsp;tur habere. Item eft in Arcadia'Nonacris nominata terr� re#nbsp;gio,quichabet in montibusfe faxo ftillantes � igidifl�mos hu#nbsp;mores.

M morcs.H3Ccautem aquariz^o'iruJIuf nominatur, quam/necj;ar# gentcum ,nec��ncum, nec�fcrreum uas/poteft (uftinere, fednbsp;Cc dil�ilir,5i dilTipatur. Confcruare autcm cam, Si contincrc ni#nbsp;hilaliudpoteft,nifimulinaungula;qu�etiam mcmoratur/nbsp;ab Antipatro/in prouinciam ubi erat Alexander, per lollamnbsp;filiumperlatam cflc,amp; ab eo/ea aqua regem eflc nccat�i.kcm,nbsp;Alpibusin Cotti regno/eft aqua,quam/qiii guftant, ftatim conbsp;cidiic. Agro autem Faliico uia Campana'in campo Gorncto/nbsp;J. eft lucuSjin quo'fons oritur,ubi anguium^ lacerrarum,reli#nbsp;quarumcjfcrpcntium onaiacentia/apparent, Item ftintnon#nbsp;null� acid� uen� fontium, uti Lynceftol�i in Italia/Vircna:nbsp;Campania/Teano,3liiscjlocis pkiribus,qux/hanc habentnbsp;uirturem,uticalculosinucficis,qu!nafcunttirincorporibusnbsp;hominum,potionibusdifcuci�t.Fieriautcm hoc natiiralitcrnbsp;ita,ideo uidetur,qiiod acerctacidusfucctis/fubeftin ca terra,nbsp;per qtiam egrcdientes ueng/intinguntur acr/tudinc; amp; ira;cumnbsp;incorpusinieruntjdiflipant'qu�exaquarumfubfidentia in .nbsp;corporibusj�iconcreiccntia0iFender�t.Quarc autem/diicu#nbsp;tiantur ex acidisex res, fic poflumus animadticrtere. Ouum lt;nbsp;in acctorfidiutius impofittim fuerit, cortex cius/mollefcct amp;nbsp;diffoluetur.ltem plumbum(quodeftlenn(nmum;amp;gr3uin�# znbsp;naumjfi in uafecollocatum fuerif,ct in eo/acetum fuffufum,idnbsp;autem'opertumdioblitumfierit,cfficiettir/utiplumbumdifnbsp;foluatur,amp;: fiat ceruffa. Eifdem rationibtis/aes, quod ctiam fo 5nbsp;lidioreeft natura, fimilitercuratfififuerir,difljipabirur,amp;fiet

^8 �rugo.Itemmargartta,nonminusfaxafilicea,qu3e'ncc^fer#-* rum,ncc^ignispoteft perfe difibluercjcum ab igni funr pcrcanbsp;lcfaAa,aceto fparfodifTiliiintSidifioluuntiir. ErgO'Cum hasnbsp;resiante oculos ita fieriuideamus, raciocinemur rjldcm ratio#nbsp;nibus,cxacidis,proptcracricudinemfucci,edamcalculofo8nbsp;e natura rcrumfiiuilitcr pofle curari.

�CX Vti fuifle dicirur Tcrracin� fons/qtii uocabaturNe� ptunius.] Boc�iiMlib. def�ntibusprixltt Anxuron�ntemi�e Volfca-rum,bM�lon^e4 Tcrrdcina, Anxur anlcanbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;qH04ig�4riik�gt;

thiilembitufltu�pr^eberct ,dbincolisini{�lif lapidibut crterrd^ppktut efl. Euntindicdt poftea etidnt Neptunium did yy EtCychrosinnbsp;Thracialacus.] Ptiniui lib.ti.clt;tp,i necuredquiif,TheopompusO�nbsp;i� Thrudii dpud Cy chros didt^Hoc autem loco vitruuij, dee� pnepo�tionbsp;apudfUt �t. O' �pud Cychrositmm hi fuut Thrdci� popult,ne qu�'nomi*nbsp;tiandi cafu accipidt pro tp�uf Incus nomme, Ari�oteles(�modo eius e� Unbsp;ber,quiedituse�de mirdbilibus duditu, quod non exiflimdmusnbsp;chros,fedp�ttos(ni�codexmenddnoncdret) nequeldcum,fed�nticU'!nbsp;Ium uocdt ; hbro tdmen de hi�ortd dnimalium tertio, Pfychron uocdtutnnbsp;lt;iit,d�igiditdte. y:z Item/in Theflaliafonseftprofluens.] D�nbsp;hoc�ntelocusiUePlinijintelligenduslib.st,cdp,x. Aliter (inquit)circt(nbsp;Thcffdlicd Tempe, quonidm uifus'omnibus terrori e�;trdduntq- etidmnbsp;asdc�rrumterodi illddqud:proftuitbreuif^dcio,mirtvm^,�liqud fylue*nbsp;flrisdmpledirddicibus �ntemeum dicttur,femper flor�s purpurd- id eflnbsp;quad flgniflcduit Vitruuius,cum dixit,drborem ftorent� colore purpureo.nbsp;Ad Non minusin Macedonia, quo loci fepulrus eft Eiiripinbsp;des ] Et fcM�c locurnmutudtus eji Plinius duHo cdp.z.dit cnim,ln �Adce*nbsp;donid,non procul db Euripidis Poet� fepulchro, duo riui confluunt, dlter'nbsp;fdluberrimipotus,dlter morti�ri^ 'Vitruuiumhiciincundismdnufcriptiinbsp;impre�is^ codicibusimdncum decurtdtum^ inueni. Nam qud pdrte effetnbsp;riuusidd quem uidtoresbonitdte dquie cdptiprdndere folerent,nolegitur,nbsp;Qttirt o Pltniusid qu(yemenddndt duxilium potuit flierdriftdcuit, o reit*nbsp;quiGeographinon meminerunt, Athenis/indne Euripidis mon/lrdrife*nbsp;pulchrum,dpud Pdufdnidm in Atticis memini legere, Bb Hjc au temnbsp;aquasu70sv(f'upnominarur.] De hdcStyge Pliniuslib.t,cdp.io}.nbsp;iuxtd Nondcrim Arcddi�,Styx,nec odore dif�rens, nec colore,�potdnbsp;co necdt.Et bb, j i. cdp. z, InArcddiddd Phcneum dqud profluit �fix�tnbsp;Styx dppelldtd,quieilic�necdt'.ndmdlidcfl Styxlpdlusdpud infiros, cuiutnbsp;memineruntHomerus tliddoss.Virgil.Aeneid.e. He�odusinTheogo*nbsp;nid, DidymuiiHomerimterpres llid, 19. Vibius Sequefler ,0nbsp;Conferuareautem eam/�C conrinere nihil aliudpoteft,nifinbsp;mulinaungula. ] idrefirtPliniuslib,io, cap,ulti, vnguldstdntuntnbsp;muldrum repertds, neq^ dlidm u�dm mdteridm, qu^non perroderetur dnbsp;tteneno Stygis dqu�, cum idfldndu Alexdndro mdgnc^Antipdter mitteret,nbsp;memoria

tHtmor� Jignum e�,magna Arifiotelisinfrmia excogitatum, Qu�d au* temVitruuius,c^ eum fequutut Plinius,dicunt^Stygis a^uam/Hon nt� innbsp;mullt;e ungula firr i pojfejuftinui lib.17. ߻ Trogut fcribitlequi.Curtiuf aunbsp;tem libro lo.dum iumenti ait,in medium relinquit. Dd I rem funt nonnbsp;null�acid�ucn�fontiumutiLyncefto.] Pliniolib.t.cap,iovnbsp;uocatur Lynce�if. LynceflK(,inlt;iuit)alt;jua,quieluocatur acidula,uini modoinbsp;temukntos /�cit.Vtbius Seque�eriLice�um nowinftt, dicit^ ejJeThraci^nbsp;fiuuiu.Ead�uiftraditur aboriba�oex Ru�yo lib. $.cap,4.ip Tk^us/kS,nbsp;ni�codex menda non careb Ee Campania Teano. ] Tf4nMmSidi�nbsp;cinum cognominein Campania e�, ibi �aquam Acidulam calculo�s medert^-.-au�iore�Pliniuslib.3i.cap.2. Ff Eff�cieturutiplumbumdii�blnbsp;uatur,amp; fiat CeruiTa.] De Ceruffa,cr'quie �atmfequiturierugine,nbsp;dixilib.7.cap,iz. Gg ItemmargariraJnonminus faxafilicea,)nbsp;Scrib� Plintus lib.^.cap.ff. acett a�/eritatelcr ui, margaritofiin tabentnbsp;refolui. Etlib.2.}.cap. i.faxarumpereinfitfuma(etum,qu�/nonruperitnbsp;igm� anteced�s. Porr� notius e�,margaritaiiet uaiones'eadem efji, quintnbsp;utadmoneridebebeat,

Sunt autem etiam fontes/uti uino mixd : quemadmodum cft unus Paphlagoni�,exquo,etiam fine uino,potanrcs(fiuntnbsp;tcmulenti.Equiculis autem/in Italia,amp; in alpibuamp;'natione Mcnbsp;dullorum,eft genus aqu3�,quam Iqui bibunt, eff�ciuntur tiirgt;nbsp;gidisgutturibus. In Arcadia uero/ciuitas eft nonignota Cligt;nbsp;ti torijin cuius agrisjeftfpelunca profluens aqu�,quam'qui bigt;nbsp;berint fiunt abftcmtj. Ad eum autem fontem epigram ma eftnbsp;in lapide infcriptum,hac fententia,uerfibusgr�cis : earn non

W ^iCVa'^KfHVxS�cpva'ai'Z�S��^ia, �cTpi�izz Hi'oip'�a'�p oiis�^iop.

A�k� ffn� ^KT nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;^�Xks ;^o� /xh� KOd �uf��

��? *)/� (T t/xiip T�y�7i!v (i.tcrtx.fxm'Koii avGoc Aytrc�/xcv�^ A�i ojks TlJoiT/^as ot^^aAsHS*nbsp;navra McQ^jxop eko^�/j WoKjutpo/jjSur �p W

Ircm eft infula Chio/fons ,equo'qui imprudenter bibcrinf, fiiint�nfipi2tes,amp; ib�eft Epigramma infculptum ca fcntcnria:nbsp;lucundam eflepotionem fontiseius;fcdqui biberit/�xcoshanbsp;bicurum fenfus. Sunrautcm uerfushi.

HiPe� uj^o�o OTOT� Ai��$ ��/J 5tva�a35�vK PxyHf}, a/�v� vcu'!is-i'r^�^c'mslt;^tz^i(Spt

SuGsautcm,in qua ciuitateeftrcgnumPcrfarum, fondeur Ius�ft,exquoquibiberinr,amitcuntdentcs.ltem^n eoeftferinbsp;ptum Epigramma,quodfignif�cathancfententi��gregiatnnbsp;cffeaquam ad lauandum;fedeam fibibaturcxcuterecradic�nbsp;bus dentes^�: hufus Epfgrammatos funt uerfus gr�ce,nbsp;r (TaraTauT� J�jAstiq� �foCE�a ^�v(,'?^a.ZT0

J� koiAhS -nOTi vxcTu�^iiy�a�fiuS'a^t A)ifiX./Ji.�vop 2.oA(J(5x�'A�O� a4�/XCt�^,nbsp;A�*TH/xap �Tt^/SH�es �Trz'xflovz'Zair�S ozTovtez;

Hh QucmadmodumeftunusPaphlagoni�,] HocinPaphU goniae^dgroCalenofieriltraditPliniufltb.t.cap.i�f, li Qyamquinbsp;bibcrinr.fiuntabftemij. ] De hoc finte/hunciit modumOuiclMnbsp;hb , Httam.uUiino.

Pratiddiattomtdspo�quiii� per carmen G^bcrba� Eripuit f�rijs,purgamina mentKiin l�dSnbsp;Miitt aquas,odiumq; mcri perman/�t in und if,

Keminit Plinim lib.�t,cap,i.e:^ Vtbius Sequcfler. Eudoxus apnd Ste phanum,�ntemquendamm Azania Arcadia memorat,cuiufaqtMm gu*nbsp;fianttbuiluini ueniat tadiumitantum, ut ne odor quidcm eiu��ratur: quoinbsp;in eamaquamiKelampus abieciffe credatur/piamentai�a,quibtuPr�etinbsp;�ioi�rentesduftrauerat, Kk QuodapudeuinfontemMelainnbsp;pusfacrificijs J Aetianus'l�elegen crCalenennominat Prcetifiliof,nbsp;Hie,ut eftfcriptum apud Seruium Aeglog.e, cumfe tunoniin pulchritudi*nbsp;ne pratuliff'ent�airata�unc erroremiearum immi�t mentibus,ut feuac �nbsp;casputarent,adc�iutpteri{nqlt;gcmerent cr timerent aratrat hasS^elamfinbsp;pus pofiea purgaui jje perhibetur. Vide La�antiam hb.'i. T hebaidos Stit�nbsp;tijyfiue Lutatiimj,ut dlij uolunt. Ll Epigrammaaut�cftidquodnbsp;eft fubfcrip tum ] C�w de uertendis hisicr quifequuntur Gracis uer*nbsp;�bus'cogitarem,commodum fuperucniunt f�ngulares amici, loannes �orenbsp;tius,Barptolomieus Pratenpus,Qr Gulielmus Gifcafirius,uiri in cuolu�disnbsp;utriufque lingua au�oribusnon mediocritcr exercitati : ijigiturium no�nbsp;bis meditantibus interueniJJ�nt,Tu(inquiunt) reliqua, penes nos'cflo uer�nbsp;tendilabor. Cum eaEpigrammata forte accepta, latina ex tempor ef�cif�nbsp;fent,ac mea quidem fententianon infiliciter, libuit his meis Annotationi�nbsp;businferere,argumentumnoftranece�itudinis, ztr�tura baud quaquamnbsp;ingrata le�ori/non omniexparte�ftidiofo,ltaque/primunt hociucrtitnbsp;^raten�uf.

Ad �ntif(pa�or) Clyiorij antra premat. Inde tuam reflmgue fitim,quin e:ir p^op� Nymphosnbsp;Naiados,omne tuumtu quoque fi�e pecus.nbsp;Kembral�uanda tamen/caueos commiiterelympba,nbsp;Nenoceat uinilis ebrietate Notus,

Vitibus infiflos�geaquas,ubi nempe MelampUi^ Eu�rauit diraPr��dos � rabie,

quot; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sunt

Mm SuntautemucrfushiHJ'Ga4�'?t5��'��'�'��2Xi�$� I3il�icl)0lt hoc,Gi[cafcruu in hunc mundum uertit.

Sunt gelidi �ntii latices dulces^ bibetiti, Saxeus dttamenhittc iUicofenfus erit^nbsp;Fn EthuiusEpigrammatosfuntuerfus Gr�cc,�J'e�T�Ta�'*nbsp;T� �XtTrej. vlttmtM uertendi labdrice�it Noretio, cutus ego fum confue�nbsp;tudine,qudmdiu per in�ituta legum �udiaiund dgere licutt ,�milidri�intinbsp;ufuf,cr ingenio ufijue eo,oble�dtiis,ut multduni,divmfimulRomdnM ruinbsp;ndiuiftmut, crediderimiquieddremitdificdtoridmdttineretif, dde� mihinbsp;wdebdtur dd quneuis ndtut, dignustui difficiUimd qiMqi committeresinbsp;fed prlt;efldtieiut dudire 'Epigrdmmd.

Hoftesidqudm cern� metuenddmjnnoxid membrif Sumere mortdle$ undeldudcrdquednt.nbsp;Sin imum in uentremnitiddm deieccris unddm,nbsp;AdmorK tdntuinldbrd fupremd licet,nbsp;Protinuiin terrdm Ubentur db ere moldret.nbsp;Et fedeslinquentmdndibuLeUdcuaf.

SV M T etiam nonnullislocis'fonrium proprictatcs,qu3e procreantiqiii ibi nafcunturyegregijs uocibus adeantan# ,nbsp;dum,uri Tharfb,Magnefi�,alqscj!ciufmodi regionibus. EoVnbsp;amlt;� Zamaeft ciuitas Afrorum,cuius m�nia rex luba dogt;nbsp;plici muro fcpGr,ibic�/rcgiam fibi domum conftituit. Ab c�'nbsp;fnilliapaffuum uigind/eft oppidum Ifmuc, cuius agro mmnbsp;rcgionesiincredibili finit� funtterminationc.Cum efTet enimnbsp;Africa/parens amp; nutrixferarum beftiarum, maxime ferpen#nbsp;tium ,in cius agris oppidinulla nafcicur, amp;f� quando allatanbsp;ibi ponatur,ftatim moriturmec^id lolum ibi,fed etiam terranbsp;cxhislocis,ilaliotranslatafuerir,fimilirercff�cit. Idgcnustet fnbsp;r�,etiam Balearibus dicitur efle;fcd aliam mirabilim'^� uirgt;nbsp;tutenaea habet terra,quam'cgo ficaccepi. C. luh�us Mafiniffacnbsp;�iusicuius cranc/totiusoppidi agrorum poffeiRone^ cumnbsp;p�tre

DE ARCHITEC. LIB, VUL j�p patrc Cxfare militauit. Ishofpicio meo cft ufus ; ita/quotidia#nbsp;no conuiftuneccffcfueratdephilologia difputare.Interimc�nbsp;effet inter nosde aqii� poteftate �C eins uirtutibus fermo, ex#nbsp;pofuit effe in ca terra eiufmodi fontes, ut qui ibi procrcaren�nbsp;tur,uoces ad cantandum egregias haberent, Ideoque fempernbsp;tranfmarinos cataftos cmere formofos, 8c puellas maturas,nbsp;eosc� coniungere, ut qui nafeerentur ex bis, non folum egregt;nbsp;gia uoce,fed etiam forma effent non inuenufla.Cum h�c tannbsp;ta uarietas/f�t difparibus rebus natura diftributa, quod hugt;nbsp;tnanum corpuseft ex aliqua parte tcrrenum,in eo aut�mulgt;nbsp;tagenerafunt humorutn,utifanguinis,laftjs,fudoris,urin3e,nbsp;lachrymarum; Ergo fi in parua parcicula tcrreni,tanta diferenbsp;panda inuenitur faporumjnon eft mirand�,fi in tanta magnigt;nbsp;tudinc terr�jinnumerabiles fuccorum reperiantur uarietates,nbsp;� per quarum uenas aqu� uis percurrens tin�:a,peruenit adnbsp;fontium egreffus, amp; itaex eo diipares Uarii�cj peificiunturinnbsp;proprijsgeneribusfontes,propter locorum diferepantiam,nbsp;�C regionum qualitates, terrarume� difl�miles proprietates�nbsp;Ex his autem rebus font nonnuna,qu� ego,per me perfpexi,nbsp;c�teraiin libris Grgeis feripta inuenijquorum feriptorum/hinbsp;font authoreSjThcophraftuSjTim�us, Poffidonius, Hegegt;nbsp;f�aSjHerodotus, Ariftides, Metrodorus, qui magna uigilangt;nbsp;tia,S^ inf�nito ftudio,locorum proprietates, aquarum uirtugt;nbsp;tes, ab inclinatione c�li, regionum qualitatesita diftributasnbsp;effe,fcriptis declarauerunt: quorum fccutusjingreffus, in hocnbsp;libroperfcripf�,qu�fatis effe putaui de aqu� uarietadbus:nbsp;quo faciliusfcx his perferiptionibus eligant homincs,aqu3enbsp;fontes, quibus ad ufumi�lientespoffint ad ciuitatesmunici# .nbsp;piac^perducere. Mulla enim ex omnibus rcbusitantasuide#nbsp;tur habere ad ufom neceffitates quantas aqua.Ideo quodnbsp;ninium animalium natura, G frumenti frudu priuata fuerir,nbsp;arbuftisuc,aut carne,aut pifcanr,aut etiam qualibet ex his regt;nbsp;liquis rebuseicarumutendo/poterittueri uitam: Gneaquaucnbsp;*�o,nec corpus animali�, nec ulla cibi uirtus poteft nafd, nccnbsp;tueri,ncc parari.Quare magna diligenria indufiriacj qu�rennbsp;di font �feligendi fontes,ad human� uit� falubriratem.

A Etiamque Zama eft ciuitas Afrorum,] Scribit Strabotib, ultimo,ZMdmlregiatn lubieper fud tempera 4 Romanii defiru�dm, crnbsp;Pliniiislib.f,cdp.4.oppidum Zamenfepomtin Africa inter libera. B ldnbsp;genus terr�/eham �alearibus dicitur elle.] Brf/fUr� terra'Ser*nbsp;pentesnecat,uteflapudPliniumlib,ti.cap. ultimo.SuntnutemBalearefnbsp;infihe dult;ein mari mcditerraneo,quaf hodieuocamiu ftiaiortcam Mi�nbsp;noricam. C Expofuit/eflc in eaterraiciufmodt fontes^ ] rr4�nbsp;ditGrPliniiulib.jt.cap.}' ex Vdrrone,Zamtein AfricafrntemeJJe,^uogt;nbsp;canor^euocesfiant. D. Ideoque/fempertranfmarinoscatafto�nbsp;cmcreformofos.] Locus ambi�iui eft, fed potior m�iiuidetur fen*nbsp;fui, ut accipiamiK^amenfes cfl fmuc oppidi dues, at^ adeo totius afftinbsp;incoloffolitos efte com par are aliunde, id eft tranfnarinos/feruos jirmo*nbsp;fos, cr nubiles puellaf,ut^uiiexconiund is his matrimonioapudfenafce�nbsp;rentur,critoces ad cantandum haberent egregias, uenufta efrent ftie*nbsp;cie.Dtcit enimfiuiufmodi e/fr,quiin eorum agroprocreentur, ne intellig^nbsp;ntusiili� tranfue�os, eiufdem uis liberosprocreare ; nam � frntibut id ac�nbsp;cidit. Sunt aut� Catafti/ferui,�cataftaicompede,Uiartiati, Perfio, TibuHo,nbsp;Pliniolib.fs. cap.iS.Scto,Hermolaumihoc locolegifti Caldftros,e2- apudnbsp;Beroalditmlib.u, Apule'ij deafino aureo,frriptiiCatalVos,apud atiosiCanbsp;lafafiros,pro hisi^uifunt canora uoce ;quaft illi cr hiuoluerint ex Zami'nbsp;4 tranfmarinis redimi iuuenes egregia uoce,et paellas, ex tluibusquigign�nbsp;renturcadem eftint ui prlt;editi, ac non potius exteros, id eft tranfmarinotnbsp;ab ini J ipf�s Zamenf�busifirmofos ad id comparari, ijuod Vitruuiu� aper^nbsp;tifiim� fignificauit. Namcumdtxift�tjeiufmodiineaterraeft�fontes, utnbsp;qui ibiprocrearentur,uoces ad cantandum haberent egregias, ftatimfub*nbsp;iungit, idco^,quia haberent huiufmodi fintes,emeretergo firuos,quos re�nbsp;ff � Catafios uocat,tranfimarinos quidem ipfos,* neq^ ftne dcledu, ficd frr*nbsp;tnapr^ftantes.i�ud uer� uocabulor um genus Calallri, Calafiaftri^ Ca�nbsp;taftli^ufquammeminilegere. E Perquar�uenaslaqu�uis per�nbsp;CU tr�s rinda.] Exiftimauit Thecphraftus/Iibrodecaufisplantaru.a.

fluui�, qu�lesq; herbarum quat lauantfucci, ut ijdetn amnet parte �liquareperianturinfatubre�,

-T^ dend�.Si eruntprofluentes/amp;apero,� antequam dueling dpiantur^a{j3iciantur,animocf aduertantur,qua membratu#nbsp;ra fint,qui/circa cos fonces habitant homines. Er fi erunt corfnbsp;poribus ualentibuSjColoribus nitidis,cruribus non uitiolis,nbsp;non lippfs oculis;erunt probatiflimi, Item fi Eons noiius fucgt;nbsp;� titfoffus,amp;inuasCorinthium,fiueakeriusgcneris,quodcrit �nbsp;ex xre bono,ca aqua fparfa,macul� non fecerir; optima crit.nbsp;Itemc^inahenoficaaqua defcruefaAa,amp;pofi:ca(rcquicta amp; quot;i-defufa fuerit,neque in eins aheni fundo/arena auc limus inuenbsp;niacur;ea aqiia eric item probata.Item filegumina/inuas c� jnbsp;ea aqua conieAa/ad ignem pofira, celeriter percoAa fuerinr;nbsp;indicabunt'eam aqiiam elTc bonam/amp; falubrcm.Nonetiam 4.nbsp;minusfipfa aqua^qiif lerit in fonte, fi fuerit limpida amp; perluci#nbsp;da,5i quocuncj perueneritiaur perfluxerit, fi mufeus non nagt;nbsp;fecrur, neep iuncus, necj inquinatus ab aliquo inquinamentonbsp;is locus fuerit,fedpurahabuerit fpeciem i innuecur hisfignis,nbsp;elTc tenuis, amp; in fumma falubritatc.

A Expertionesautcm/amp;probationes eorum] Aquamn� uamfle probabiSjdudore Palladiolib.^.cap. lo. I� uafe teneo nitido'J^iarnbsp;maculant nonfccerit,probabilisiudicetur. itemdecoitaanconbsp;ttafculo,ft arenam uel limum non relinquit in�tndo,utilis erit ,item� le�nbsp;gumina cito ualebit excoquerc, uel � cotore pellucido'car�nsmufco (ynbsp;omni labepoUutionisali�na.Re�runturorifla'� Plinioltb.n. cap,}. Bnbsp;Et in uas Corinthium,] id e� terii Corinthij, quod maximi fenipernbsp;�dum e� ab antiquis.P.iui tria gener air adit Plintus ttb,}4.cap.i,Candinbsp;dum, argenta nitore qu�m proximo accedens; alteruminquoaurifaluitnbsp;natura�t ertium fnquo fqualti omnium tempcriesf�iit�

DE PERDVCTIONIBVS ET LIBRATIO nibus lt;tlt;iudrum,zyinftrumentis ad hunc ufum,nbsp;C A P V T. VI.

NV NC/dc perduftionibus ad habi'tanones m�m'acj� ut fieri oporteat^explicabo ; cuius ratio eft prima/perli^nbsp;bratio.Libraturautem dioptriSjaut libris aquarijs, aut cho? Bnbsp;robate : fed diligentius cfficitur per chorobatem, quoddto^nbsp;Chor�biis ptr�dibr�cj falIunt.Chorobatcs autcmeftrcgulalonga cirgt; �nbsp;tawilt;{,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;pedum.xx.eahabet ancones in capitibus extremisf qua C

li tnodo perfeftos, inc� regul� capicibusad normam cosg^ mcntatos, �Cinter regulam Qc ancones/a cardinibus compagt;nbsp;fta tranfucrfaria, qu�habent lineas ad pcrpendiculum reftcnbsp;defcripcas,pendentiacf ex r�gula perpendicula in f�ngulis parnbsp;tibus fingula jqu� cum r�gula fuerit collocata,ea�� tangentnbsp;�queac pariteriineas defcriptionis,indicabunt libratam colnbsp;locationem.Sin autem ucntusinterpellauerit,amp;motionibu8nbsp;line� non potuerint ccrtam fignificationem facere ; tune ha#nbsp;beat in fuperiorc partc tanalem longum pedes quincj,latuni �nbsp;digitum, altum/feiquidigitum, eoej/aqua infundatur j amp; f�nbsp;�qualiter aqua canalis fumma libra tanget,fcietur efle libra#nbsp;tum.Ita'eo chorobate cum perlibrat� ita fuerit, feieturquannbsp;tum habuerit faftigrj.Fortalfe'qui Archimedis libres legit, dinbsp;cct'non poffe fieri ueram ex aqua librationcm, quod ei placetnbsp;aquam non elfe libratam, fed Ipheroides habere fchema,5inbsp;ibi habere centrum,quoloci'habctorbis terrarum. Hoc au#nbsp;iem(fiuc plana eft aqua,fcu fph�roides)neceireeft, extrema canbsp;pitacanalis regul�fpariterfuftinerc aquam. Sin autem pro#nbsp;clinatus erit ex una partc,quf erit altior n� habebit r�gul�t canbsp;nalisin fummis labris aquam. Necellc cnim eft.quocunquenbsp;aqua lit infufa,in medio inflationcm ciiruaturamcj habere,nbsp;fedcapita'dextraac f�nifira inter i�librata elfe. Exemplar au# gnbsp;temchorobatis,erit in extreme uolumincdelcriptum. Etl� pnbsp;erit fafligium magnum; facilior erit dccurfus aquae . Sin au#nbsp;tem interuallaeruntlacunofajfub�rudionibus eritfuccur#nbsp;readum�

A Cuius ratiocftprimapcrlibratio.] Lilgt;rarea^U(ltn,non aliud efi,qu�m con�rre altitudincm loci unde concipitur aqua, cum loconbsp;^uo deducenda eft, (tue id (�u re�is lineis, ftue obli^uis. B Libraturnbsp;autem Diop tris.] Dioptra,prteter i^u�tn quod eft inftrumentum,quotnbsp;(auilore Suidu) Geometrlt;elex interuiUo explorant altitudinem turrium etnbsp;propugaaculorum,atq^ uniuerfam iftiufmodi dimenfionem,c�. inftru*nbsp;mentum librandis aquis accommodaturnft).^ t5 J'/OT�ftuap, id eft ab in*nbsp;f^iciendo explorandoq; diHumjUius mentioieft apud PtolemteumyTheo*nbsp;nem,ProclumtPlinitvmlib,i.cAp,69, C Eababetanconesincapinbsp;tibus extremis. ] Qtti propendentes/cum adie�a re�a r�gula nor*nbsp;malernangulumficiant, id eftreHum, ceuflexuieftcubiti, qui Grtecisnbsp;^yu.^p dicitur:qua in�gniftcationesuftts eft lib.i.ad ftnem normte ftilicetnbsp;Mrarnqueregulamto nomine inteUigens. Befyebius fcrihitletidmmuro*nbsp;rum flcxusuocari iKyKuvas-namloca ejfe oftibui plena,Etymologus au*nbsp;Horeft .EtipfeVitruuius lib.4.cdp.6, Anconesuocateod^ueluti menfu*nbsp;laf,qu(ein bo/iiorum antepagmentisfdextra atq^finiftra, ad imi (�percil�nbsp;libramentumprteter ftlium propendent. S�Ht �quot; Anconesuafa Papinia*nbsp;ttoPande�.lib. �, defttndoinftru�o. de quibufiCatellianut Cotta. Dnbsp;Sedfphaeroideshaberefchema-] id ell,eftefigurierotundte,Eaninbsp;fffe aqiue ftguramindicio funt pluuite,guttlt;e rorit. Cum ita res habeat, utnbsp;in corportbui,quie/homogenea uocant, partes fibi earn figura uendicanttnbsp;quamtotum ipfttm.Prastereaqui nauigant, propter aquetumorem ; qUitnbsp;eminuf non uidcnt^bipropiusaccefterunt,conftiicerepo(Jiint. Sed uidenbsp;Ariftotelem lib.i, de Ccelo. ioannem � facro buftoin libro fthterte.Strabonbsp;nemlibro ultimo,cralios. E Exemplarautem Chorobaris/eritnbsp;inextremo] PerijthiecVitruuijde�gnatio, F Et f�en'tfaftigi�nbsp;magnum.] idnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;altus locus eftunde concipitur aqua, cy longius erit

5^4 M. VITRVVn POLL, nales �ruAiles , auc fiftulis plumbcis,feu tubulis f�Ailibu�,nbsp;quorum/e� rationes funt.Si canalibus,utftrufturafiatquamnbsp;f�lidifliimajfolunic^ riuidibramenta habeatfaftigiata/nc niilt; �nbsp;nus in centcnos pcdcs femipcde,e�c^ ftruAiir�iconfornicennbsp;tur, ut minime fol/aquamtangat, Cumcj uenerit ad m Cnbsp;nia,efficiatur caftellum 4amp;caftello coniunAumad recipientnbsp;dum aquamftriplex immilTariumjcollocenturc^in caftclIo/Dnbsp;tres f�ftul�/aequaliter diuif�iintra rcceptacula coniunAa, udnbsp;cum abundauerit,ab extremis/in medium receptaculumnbsp;dundet.[tain medioponenturf�dul�/inomnes lacusamp;fahV 6nbsp;entes . Ex alterozinbalneaSjUt ueAigal quocannis populonbsp;pr�ftent : ex quibustcrtio in domos priuatas, ita, ne d�f�t in �nbsp;publico � ISI� enim poterunt auertere/Cum habucrint a capitinbsp;bus proprias duAiones, H�c autem quare diuif� conftituclt;?nbsp;rim,hae lunt cauf�,uti'qui priuatim ducent in domos, ucAi^nbsp;galibustueanturperpublkanosaquarura duAus.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. VIII. 575 �� Sinautcm mcdrjmontcs/crunt inter moem'a 5i caput fonds,nbsp;K Gceritfaciundum,urifpecus fodianturfub terra ,librenturcjnbsp;ad faftigium,qiiod fupra fcriptum eft:amp; G tophus eritjaut fa-znbsp;L xum,in fuo fibi canalis excidatunfin autcm tcrrenutn'aut arenbsp;nofuin erit i�l� -, parietes c� camera'in fpecu ftruantur, amp; ita/nbsp;61 perducatur,puteic^ita fine fadt, uti inter duos fint adus. ' Sinnbsp;autem fiftulisplumbeisducetur, primum caftellumad caputnbsp;ftruatur, deindead copiam aqu�/lamn� fiftularum con(tigt;nbsp;tuantur, c�tjfiftul�/ab eocaftello collocentur ad caftellum,nbsp;quod erit in m�nibus, Fifiul� ne minus long? ped�denumnbsp;fundantur^qu�/ficentcnari�eruntjpondushabeantinfin# pnbsp;gulaspondo,Mcc;fiodogenarij,pondo, Dcccclx: fiquin#nbsp;quagenarix-,pondo. De; quadragenari�, pondo.cccclxxx;nbsp;tricenari�,pondo.ccclx.'uicenari3e,pondo.ccxl;quinumdc^nbsp;Q^num,pondo.clxxx;denum, pondo, exx; odonum^pondo.nbsp;R xcvi; quinarix,pondo. Ix.ExIadtudineautem lamnarum/nbsp;quot digitos habuerinr, antequam in rotundationem fledannbsp;tuf,magnitudinum ita nomina concipiuntfiftul�, Namc�nbsp;qux lamna fuerint digitorii quinquaginta, cum fiftula per#nbsp;ficietur exea lamna,uocabiturquinqu3genaria,fimilitercfnbsp;reliqu�.Ea autem dudio,qu3e/pcrfiftulas plumbcaseftfutu-'nbsp;ra, hanc habebit expeditionem : quod ficaput habeat libra#nbsp;menta ad mocnia,montesc^ medij non fuerint altiores,utpofnbsp;fint intcrpellare , fic necefle eft eorum interualla fubftruere adnbsp;Iibramcnta,quemadmodum'inriuis amp;canalibus didueft.

S Sinautem/nonlongacritdrcuitiojcircumdudionibus. Sin autem ualleserunt perpetuae^in declinato lococurfus diri#nbsp;gcntur,cum uenerit ad imum,n� alte fubftruitur,ut fit libra#nbsp;mentum quam longilTimum. ( hoc autem erit uenter, quodnbsp;Gr�ci appellant xeixlav )deinde/cum uenerit ad aduerfum cli#nbsp;uum , quia ex longo fpacio uentrisleniter tumefeit, tune'ex#nbsp;primatur inaltitudinem fummicliui: quod fino uenter in ualnbsp;V libusfadis fuerir,nec fubftrudum ad libram fadum, icd ge^nbsp;nicukis crit,crumpet/amp; difibluet fiftularum commiiTuras.nbsp;Edam in uentrefcolluuiaria funt facienda, per qu�/uisfpiri#nbsp;tus rchxeiur, Itaper fiftulasplumbeas aquam qui ducfnt,hisnbsp;ra�Q�

rationibus bcllifljmepoteruntcff�cercamp;decurfus,6idrcuin# 't duAioneSj�i ucntres,amp; expreffus.ltemjiac ratione cum habenbsp;bunt a capi�busad tnoenia fadigij libramenta, inter aAus du Znbsp;ccndosnon eft inutilc/caftella collocari ,ut fiquando uidum�nbsp;aliquis locus fcccrit,non totutn/omncq^ opus contundatur,Sinbsp;inquibuslocisfit fad� faciHus/inueniatur,fed ca caftclla/necpnbsp;dccurfu,ne(�in uentris planitie,ne(^ in cxprcfl�onibusjncqucnbsp;omnino in uallibusyfed in perp�tua Sant �qualitate. Sin au�nbsp;temtainorc fumptu uoluerimus aquam ducere, Sc erit faci^nbsp;undum Tubuli craffo corio/nc minus digitorum duoruinnbsp;fiant ex tcfia,fcd ica,ut hi tubuli 'ex una parte fint lingulati,utnbsp;aliusinaliuminircconuenirecppoffint.Tumcoagmentaeo^nbsp;rum..calce uiua ex oleojubada,funt illinenda; amp; in d�clinai quot;nbsp;tionibus libramenti ucntris,lapis eft cxfaxo rubro�in ipfo genbsp;niculo collocandus : i sqsperterebratus, uti ex decurfutubu^nbsp;lus nouiff�mus in lapide coagmentetur, amp; primus fimiliter Unbsp;brati uentris, ad eundem modum in aduerfum cliuum,nbsp;uiSimus librati uentriss�n cauo laxi rubri h�reat, amp;primusnbsp;cxpreffionis'ad eundem modum coagmentetur, Ita libratanbsp;planifia tubulorum lac decurfus/8� expreff�onis, non extollOnbsp;tur. Namc]^ uchemens fpiritus/in aqufduftionc iolet nafti,icanbsp;ut eriam faxa pcrrumpat,nifi primum/leniter �C paree a capi^nbsp;te aqua immittatur, amp; in geniculis, aut uerfuris alligationi^nbsp;bus,aut pond�r� i�burr�jcontincatunreliqua omnia uti fiftunbsp;lis plumbeis ita funt collocanda. Item/cum primo aqua a ca^nbsp;pite immitfitur,antc fauilla/immittctur,uti coagmenta, fi quanbsp;funt non fatis oblita/auilla oblinantur. Habent autem tubunbsp;lorum duftiones�ea commoda.Prim� in opere,quod fi quodnbsp;uitium fadu fuen't, quilibet'id poteft reficere. etiamej multonbsp;falubrior eft ex tubulis/aquajqu�pcr fiftulas:quod per plufflgt;nbsp;bumuidetur effe ideo uitiola,quod ex eo/cerulTa naftitur; hfCnbsp;autemdicitur effe nocens corporibushumanis, itafi quod exnbsp;coprocreatur,ideftuiriofum,non eft dubium,quin ipfumnbsp;quolt;$ non fit falubre. Exemplar autem/ab artificibus pluralnbsp;barijs poffumus accipcrc,quodpalloribus(occupatos hagt;nbsp;bent corporis colores. Namc^cum fundendo plumbumgt;fla

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. VIH. 377 tiir,uapor ex eo infidens corporis artus,amp; indies exurens,eri#nbsp;pic ex inembris eorum fanguinis uircutes. [taej minime fiftu#nbsp;lis plumbeis aqua duci uidetur, fi uolumuscam habere falu#nbsp;JP brcm.Saporem quocf meliorcm.ex tubuliseflejquotidianu#nbsp;'I poteftindicare uilt;fiiis,quod omncsfextruAas cumhabeant/nbsp;uaforum argenteorum men^, tarnen propter faporis intonbsp;gritatem fidilibus utuntur ^JSin autem fontes non funt, unde.nbsp;duftiones aquarum faciamus^necelTeeft^juteosfodcreJn punbsp;teorum autS foffionibusnon eftcontemnenda ratio,fed acu#nbsp;minibus'lblertiac� magna/naturales rerum rationes c�fide^nbsp;randae,quod habet multa uariae�/terra in fe genera. Eft cnimnbsp;uti reliqu� res,ex quatuor principrjscompofita,*amp;primuin.nbsp;eft ipfa terrenajhabetej ex liumore aqii�jfontes;Iccm calores.nbsp;Unde etiam fulphur,alumen, bitumen nafdciir^ a�risepfpiri#nbsp;jg tus immanes, quitum graues, perinteruenia fiftulofa terr�,nbsp;perueniuntadfoffionem puteorum,amp; ibi/homines offen#nbsp;duntfodientes, naturali uaporetobturant in eorum naribus/nbsp;lpiritusanimalcs;ita'qui non celerius inde effugiunt,ibi4nteri'-/nbsp;muntur.Hoc aiitem/quibus rationibtis caueatur,fic erit fact#nbsp;undum. lgt;ucerna accenfa/demittatur ,qux/fi permanferitar#nbsp;I, densjfinepericulodefccndetur.Sinautemeripieturlumen/uinbsp;uaporis, tuncdecundum puteum dextra aefiniftra/defodien#nbsp;tur �ftuaria,ita( quemadmodum per nares) fpiritus/exfftua#nbsp;rrjs diftipabuntur. Cum h�c/fic explicata fucrinr,amp; ad aquamnbsp;eritpcruentum,T:uncputeusyitalepiatur ftrui3:ura,neobtureiinbsp;tur uenf. Sina�t locaduraerunt, autinimum/uen�penitusnbsp;it non fuerint, tunefigninis operibus/ex tetftis, aut a fuperiori# 1nbsp;buslocislexcipicnd� funt copi�. In figninisautem operibus/nbsp;h�cfuntfacienda,utiarena primum/puriftimaafperrimacgnbsp;� parctur,ccmentudcfilicefrangatur/negrauiusquam libra#nbsp;lHnt rium,calx/quam uehementiffimafmortario mifccatur ,irautnbsp;quineg partes aren�iad duas calcis refpondcant:mortario'cc �'nbsp;mentum addatur,cx eofparietes in foffa ad libramentum altinbsp;'tudinisfutur�depreffa,calcenturue(ftibusligncisfcrratis.Panbsp;rietibus calcati^in medio quoderitterrenu^exinaniatur ad li#nbsp;bramentu imum parietum,amp;exaequatofolo'cx codem mornbsp;Bb

tario calcatur pauimentum ad craff�tudinem, qu� conftituta fucrit. Ea autem locafi duplicia aut triplicia fa�ta fiierinc, ut�nbsp;pcrcolationibus(�qu� tranfmutari polBnt, multo falubrio^nbsp;remeius ufum etfidenc, Limusenimtum habueritquo fub^nbsp;fidatjb'mpidior aqua fici, amp; fine odoribusconferuabitfapo^nbsp;rem;finon,falcmaddinecefleerir,amp;:extcnuari. Qiix potuinbsp;de aqu� iiirtute�i uantate,quasc� habcat utilitates,quit5usc�nbsp;rationibusducatur^ probetufjin hoc uoluminepofuildcnbsp;gnomonicis uero rebus horologiorum rationibusinfe^nbsp;quenti pericn'bam.

A Du�usautemaqu�fiuntgeneribus. ] PaUdditu lib.� cdp.It.�ddttquirtumgcnui, caimIcs ligneos.Cumducendit(inquit)(�nbsp;aqua,ducitur dut �rmd llruMi,dut plumbeis {iflulis,dut cdndlibiu lignesnbsp;if,dut fi�ilibiu tubis ; ubi�rmdm flru�itemprocdndli �brud confiantenbsp;dixit. Quidam protubtskgitapud Prontinum tu�os, unds Tu�tosdi*nbsp;�osputat,pudendo errore,dut potiuf gemtno. ProcoptUi primo lib.fcri*nbsp;litj^omlt;elquatuordccim aquicduUus �iffe ex co�io latere, ealatitudtnenbsp;HC pro�nditate, ut equefier uix ip� cum equoiper eos euadere pojfet.nbsp;Solumc^riuihbramentahabeatfaftigiata,] Sefquipedefcri*nbsp;ptumm Pallddiodi�o loco.Stper planum ueniet,int er fexagenos^uclcennbsp;tenos pcdesl�n�m reclinetur ftru�urd in fefiuipedem,ut um po�it habenbsp;recurrendi. quot;Longe dliterlnoftrlt;e �tatif libratcres; naminfexcentospe*nbsp;deffunum tantum poSicem d�primant. Sertbttdutem Plinius libro si-cap.i.aqudm /fubirealtitudincm exortuf fui,z^� longiere trailu ueniat.nbsp;C Cumqueucneritadm�niajefficiaturcafielIum.JCd/�fn�,nbsp;receptd:ulumcfl,qiioddqudm publicamfufcipit ,au�torc vlpiano Pan*nbsp;de�.lib.4}. de aqud quotid, erleftiua, SuntetiamnuncKonhecafteUainnbsp;aquitduilibus ,qudmuis femidtrtita. Senatus con�ltum efiapud luliuMnbsp;Frontinum,quod/dqudm non ni�ex caficllo duci permittebat, ne aut riui,nbsp;HUlfiflultepublietejlaccrarentur. Caltx, idefilmoduius ieneuf,caflc�o autnbsp;riuo/induebatur iis'crat moduluf crogatorius, huie�fiulaappUcabaturnbsp;ticn qualtfcunque,fcd eiufdem luminis,quoicalix�gnaius tft, longitudinifnbsp;��Ottminusdrgitcs xij. Luminis, tdeftcapacitatis^quantaimpctraia�crtt.

iHocluluf accepioriui � Sunt autem modulorum xxy. differentia^ Oi^itmuK in uf'�I'xv. tantum frequentes/tnt,quosirecenfct idem Frontinut

D Tripleximmiflarfum.] Recept�culurmundepofreaerot geturaqua, E Fiftul�/inomncslacus. ] EtUcuumfrequenseffnbsp;mentioiapud Frontinum ; er ant enimpuilica conceptacula,ubi abluebantnbsp;linteaicr ffmilii. F ht fall cures-] Capita funt�ftuliirum,quiiamp;-Si�nbsp;phunculi dicuntur^quorum or aff perenniter fluunt, madHid e� mammif!nbsp;teguntur.VarreXcap. 14..lib.3.de reruflica,uocat papiUas,Ca�iodorimu�nbsp;bera, ct quod interdum pro mad is fcalpuntur leonina capita,ea'Sidoniutnbsp;ApoUinaris lib.i. dicit leones .Si cum ltbetigt;bturantur Gquot; laxantur, td fit/nbsp;cpifromijs^quorivm manubriadum torquentur, patefreiunt nares, atq^ 1(4nbsp;manat aqua;contr ar ta uerfatione/eafdem obturant, G Exquibusternbsp;tio in domos priuatas.] ScribitFrontinus ltb,i-deaqu4dud,apu�nbsp;umiquosfomnem aquam inpublicosufusierogari (blitam,lege^ cautum,nbsp;ftc quis priuatus laliam duceret, qu�mquie ex lacu humum acce�iffi-t, exnbsp;hanc ipfam^iion in alium ufum,qu�m bainear um'aut fiiUonicorumiiari effenbsp;fotitam,uedigalis^ �atutam mcrcedem,qult;ein publicum penderetur,ali�nbsp;quidc^ in domos Principum dari.Videreliqua. Vedigalibusnbsp;tueantur perpiiblicanos.] Publican�dicuntur,quiquid�frfcocon�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;-

ducunt;ut publicum ucdigal,portusuenaliumrertmi,Salinarum,metallo� rum,audoreVlpianoPanded-lib.;�.de public,cruedigal, aridem arnbsp;Caiiulib.so-dercruaruerbor,�gni�cat, 1 Sinautemmedij monnbsp;tes erun t.] Palladius lib,�-cap.ii.Siquis mons/intcriedus occurrerit,nbsp;aut per latera eius'aquam ducemus obliquam, aut ad aqua; caput ffgt;eluncatnbsp;hbrabimuiyperquarum�ruduramperueniat, K Vtfpecusfodi�nbsp;anturfub terra.] Specumifubterraneumeffenieatum,perquern,'aquanbsp;ducatur,traditVlpianusPanded.lib.43.deriuis, L infuofibfea�nbsp;naliscxcidatur.] ParifiguradidtimapudPlautun^inAmphitrume,nbsp;telofuo fibi. Et rfpwd Terentium tin Adelphis.fuofrbigladio. Ef Apulci�nbsp;umlib,7.deafinoaurco,�uo�bi frniculo,Et eodem,fuis�bigladifs.et Conbsp;lumellamlibroii.cap,4i4nfuofibiiuredecoqui. M Sin autemfiftu�nbsp;lis plumbcis ducerur,] Prater Plinium,Frontinum,Palladium,PaU�snbsp;lusiurifcon,Panded.lib,39.dcaqt{apluuiaarcenda,fcribit^quam per�'^nbsp;fiulas ducicon�uetum frtiffe^unde Statius libro fyluarum. �.

fit cr mentio libro 4 , Metdmorphofeon Ouidifl N Fiftul�ncmi� niislong�pedumdcnum/fundantur. ] Pliniuslibroji.cdp.s.ߓnbsp;fti�Mldenumpedumlongitudiniseflejcgitimumcd, O Qu�ficento�nbsp;nari� erunc,] fdeft^flhtminddntcqudminrotunditionemfle�dtur,lAnbsp;tderitdigitosccntumidtqueitdindl^s�rmulisintelltgendum. P Ponnbsp;dus habeanti'n fingulos.] Scribe flnguldstrefirtur enim dd fljlulds,nbsp;Odonum pondoxevrj,] PliniiiHmendofepondocentend.Ptd�nbsp;lddiuiVitruuiumeftiinitdtus,libro^.cdp.ii. R Exlatitudincau�nbsp;tem laminarunijquoc digitos] Hocinon[dtis probdtur iH�o Frortnbsp;/wolib.t, QuodIdminse, cumcircumdgitur, dlic^uidperit. Plinius tdmennbsp;Vitruuium fe^uutus efl, S Sin aurem ualles crunrperpetu�. ]nbsp;Pd�ddiuslib,(),cd. ii,SifeUd�isinterferdt,ere�ds pildf,uel drciis,u[lt;j; ddnbsp;aqua iuftd uefligidcon/lruemuSjdut plumbeis flflulis cldufdm deijei pdtie^inbsp;mur,Z!r explicdtd udlleiconflurgere, r Tune exprimaturinaltianbsp;tudinemfummicliui.] Exprim�redqudm,ulurpdturpro,indlttiMnbsp;ducerenbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cogere, ut fiticum d monte defeenderit in udllem,fl in dduerflvm

montemcogdturconfeendere, V Sedgcniculuserir.] SiitdflexK^ ofus nodolus erit cdndlis,ut cum in imum udllis defeenderit, perpetuonbsp;librdmento/iton 'proceddt,fed in dduerfum cliuumUd dngulum non normdnbsp;lern fed dcutum'dirigdtur. X Eriaminuentrecolumnariafuntnbsp;facienda.] ideddifludrid�ueJflirdmentd.BerodldusinSuetonij Augu*nbsp;flo, legiffe uidetur coUuuidrid, per quiC'colluuies O' immundicid eie�dn*nbsp;tur,EongedVitruuijfententid, Y Et circundudiones. ] Qudifnbsp;do per Idterd montis'obl�udm ducimus dqudm,nec/flecubus utimurjib-i,.nbsp;cdp.i.uocduitcircuitiones, Z Inter adusducenros.] Ailuslon�nbsp;gitudinisfpedeshdbet.cxx.du��ore Columelldlib.j- cdp.i- Oquot; Pliniuslib-i9. cdp.}. duplicdtus in longitudinem'iugerumfdcicbdt. da S'ed i ta u tnbsp;hi tubult'exunapartefintlingulati. ] Plintusl1b.3t.cap. s.dicitnbsp;commiffnris pyxidatis,id eftiut inferiorfl�ilis tubulusintret fuperiorem.,nbsp;Pdllddiui hii uerbis exprc�it. Ex KW wt/Hrt partareddantur dngufti, utnbsp;palmifl)dcio:unus indlterum poflit intrare. bb Calcc uiua'cxoJconbsp;fubadafunt illinenda, ] Cdlxl� firnacein ce�isuindrijsreftingui*nbsp;tur.

turyddnde'oleomiceriitiiGrfuba�d'utigantur tubidi, cc Autponde-/ ve faburra contineatur.] SaburrdidgeniK drcnx cft, (^uotiducs onenbsp;rdrifolcntjUtidi�dnttflu�iu'flib�iorcsfint, VirgiliiisGcorg.4,.

Cdpifurct pro ^uocun^ pondercHMibm huiufmodi cdufd impotiifolito^ mctdphoricosq;iddres dUdStrdns�rtur. dd Item cumprimoaquanbsp;acapiteimmittftur,] Pdllddtuilib.^. cdp.tt. Seddttte^udm/inijsnbsp;aqu� curfui ddmittatur ,fduilld per eosmi�o exiguo liquorcidecurrdt, utnbsp;glutindr e po�it,� cptdifmt uitid tabor unr.e� aui�fduslld Cinis, ce Qu innbsp;ipfumquoquc/nonfitinfalubre.] Autdbunddt pdrticuldnegdti*nbsp;Ua,dut�ribcndumeft,fdlubre. ff Excru das cum habeantuafo�nbsp;rumargentcorummenfas, ] Kenfdiprodbdcodi�umhocloco�dnbsp;tfl,menfdUdfis potorijs dut efcarijs contmendisdccommodatd, gg Etnbsp;ibihominesoffcnduntfodientes.] LibetdehdcrePallddijuerbetnbsp;ddfcribereex Itb, e,.cdp.^,ln�diendiiputeiscduendum e�f�fjorumpe^nbsp;riculum,quonidmp[erunq-'terrd,falphur,dluinen,biiumeneducit,(iuortintnbsp;ffiritus mi�i{dnhelituin pe�is exhdUnt, ^3quot; occupdtis �dtiin ndribuf, ex�nbsp;torquent dnimdx,ni� quisf�g^ �bi uelocitdtefuceurrdt. Prius ergoiqudmnbsp;defcenddtur dd intmd�n eis locisilacerndm ponis dccenfdiMiquie� cxtin�tnbsp;�d non fi(erit,periculuin non timebis. St ueroextinguetur^ cducndus e� lonbsp;eus,quemjfiritus morti�r occupdbit. Qued fialio loco aqud nonpote�nbsp;inueniri; dextrd Leudq;iputeos �diemus, ufque dd dqu� ip�us librdmensnbsp;tum,^ dbhis�rdmind kinc inde pdte�dd,uclut nares'intus agemus, qud/nbsp;ttocens �gt;iritus eudporct, quo��oJ�tern puteortimi�ru�urd fufeiptat^nbsp;Z3Pliniuslib,;e-Cdp.}�fgt;octrddit. hh Defodiantur �ftuaria,] Spinbsp;figninis operibus.] Diximusi�gninum�eriexte�isconta�sddditdnbsp;cdlee. kk Exteftis,autafupcrioribus Jocis-] Pro te�isferibennbsp;dum teilts,fcd cduf t erroris�it,qaod �gninum opusde�is tu�s�dt. �nbsp;Negrauius quam librarium.] !d e�,ponderis unius libr�,�c lib.rnbsp;^�tp.s.uocatcentcitdriumldpidem, mm l^iortariomifeearur.]Htc/nbsp;pro loeoiubi drettdlutn rutro f{bigitur,quod/'dnted tnonuimus; f;d quod �it

M. VITRVVII POLL* timfelt;iuitttr,(gt;ro ttrenato interpretamtir,cum ait, mortdrioxitnicntuni ainbsp;datur, nn Sinonjfakmaddincccffecritamp;extcnuan'.] Seri*nbsp;hit paHadiut memorato llt;}C0,aquamif� limo fa f�urit,fdis admixtionecor^nbsp;ri�^

OBILIBVS ATHLETIS, QVI OLYM= * pia,Pithia,Iftmta,[\Iemea,uiciirent,Gr�cor�nbsp;maiorcss'ta tnagnos honores conftituerunf,nbsp;uti non modo in c�ucntu ftanrcs/cum palmanbsp;�i. corona ferant laudes, fed etiam/cum reueranbsp;tantur in fuasciuicatescum uidoria,triumphantcsquadrigisnbsp;in m�niaamp;in patriasiinuehantur, e reep publica-perpecua uinbsp;taconfticutisuedigalibusfruantur.Cum ergoiidanimaduernbsp;tam,admiror,quid italnon fcriptoribus/iidem honores ,cti^nbsp;amepmaiores/fint tribun,qui infinitasutilit�res/�uoperpe#nbsp;tuo omnibus gentibus pr�ftant. Id enim/magis erat inftituinbsp;dignum, quod Athlet�/fua corpora exercitationibus cfficigt;nbsp;unt fortiora, fcriptoresmon folum fuos fenfus/perficiunt, fednbsp;ctiamiomnium libris ad difeendum, amp; animos exacuendos,nbsp;pr�parantespr�cepta. Quidenim Milo Crotoniates,quod �nbsp;Elit inui(flus,prodeft hominibusr�autcxtcrhquieogcnerefucnbsp;rut uidorest'nifitjuod dum uixerunr ipfi,inter fuos dues hagt;nbsp;bucrunrnobilitatcm.Pychagor� uero pr�cepta,Dcmocri#nbsp;ti,Platonis, Ariflotelis, c�terorumcp fapientum^quotidiananbsp;perpetuisindurtrijsculta,nonfolumfuis ciuibus,fed etian�nbsp;omnibus gentibus rccentes,amp; floridos edunt fruAus : e quigt;nbsp;busfqui a reneris �tatibus'doArinarum abund�tia fatiantur,nbsp;optimos habentfapienti'� (�nfus,inftituuntcpciuitatibus(huigt;nbsp;manitatis mores,xqua iura,leges ; quibusabfentibus, nullanbsp;poteft

DE ARCHITEC Li߻ IX. 583 potcft cffecfuitas incolumis.Cum ergo tanta munera ab fcrinbsp;ptorum prudcnria,pnuatim publicecp fuerinthominibuspr�/nbsp;parata, non fol�arbitror/palmas �6 coronas/his tribui opornbsp;tere, fed etiam dccerni triumphos,lt;5i inter Dcorum fedes/eosnbsp;dcdicandos iudicari.Eorum autem cogitata utilitenhomini^nbsp;bus ad uitam cxplicandam, c pluribus/fingula,paucoru/utinbsp;exempla.'ponam,qu�;recognqlcente��neceirario his tribui honbsp;notes oporterehoniinesconfitcbuntur: amp; primum Piatonisnbsp;c multis ratiocinationibus utiliiTimis/unam , quemadmod�nbsp;ab eo cxplicatafitjponam,

ObilibusAthlen's quiOlympia,Pythia,Ifth miajNemeauiciiTcnf.] imitatmeflhacpiirte Vi=nbsp;truuiits'l/bcratcminProKmio,Pan�gyrici. Clt;eterunt'nbsp;quatuor i�acertaminaicdebrata funtinGrlt;ecia'inho�nbsp;ttortmlouis,Apollinif,Pal�mottis,cr ArchimorLCertantiumerant prxnbsp;nua,Olea�er,Poma,Pinuf,Apium,ut auilor c� Archias liK t. Epigramonbsp;matonGr^corum.Dehiifunt Oche Pindari^poti�imum'hymnus quin*nbsp;tus. Vtcbanturautetn/Iudiiquinqi, unde pentathlon, Latiniiquinquer*nbsp;tiui�;crpentathliiqutnquertionefdi�i,quihisludt5uicij]ent,faltu,curfu,nbsp;difco,iaculo ztr luda^quosSimonidesrecenfet lib.t.Epigrammatan,nbsp;�/^/juaKOdtn'U^o�Aotp�vo tf/AwVos Wna,nbsp;ccA^LCtjCroJ'oKtiHVjJ'/o'KOVjaKOVTajtiraTiiuj*

Re/rruntur Gquot; lt;lt; iurifconfulto Pdulo,deAlelt;e lu�u Pandc�l. lib. n� nicis certaminibuf pertodon uicilfe,dict,qui Pythia,}�hmid,tiemed,Olymnbsp;pid uiciffct,Aiidor e� Sext. Pompcius, � circuituteorum�iedaculorum..nbsp;Sunt de lilts certaminibusinonnulladpud loa/inem Bapti�am Pium in lib,nbsp;Annotationum . B Qiiid cnim Milo Crotoniates/quod fuitnbsp;inuidius,] Eum[enbet iuliusSoltnuscdp. 4. cmnid egijjc'fupra quantnbsp;hc}moualct. Pliniuslibt7,cnp, w.ait,Cumcon�itijjet,neminemue/ligionbsp;(duxi�e

584 M. VITRVVII POLL. eduxi/Jelt;tuMum tenenti^cminem digitum correxiff�, Sed cui nofifjltMfnbsp;nota�ri�udo^

Plt;lt;rspro� T OC V S/aut agcrfparibus latcribus, G cn't quadratus, I 7 eumc�oporcueridterumcxparibus lauribus duplica#nbsp;re,quia idgenere numeri,acnmlnplicauonibus/�oninueniigt;nbsp;tur,ex dcfcripdonibus linearum emendatisA'epen'tur.Eft au#nbsp;temciusrei/haecdemonftratio � Quadratus locus,qui ent Anbsp;longus amp; latuspedes denos,efficit are� pedes centum. St er#nbsp;go opus fuerit (cum dupHcare, amp; arcam pedum ducentorumnbsp;item ex paribuslateribusfaccre:quaerendum ent, quam ma#nbsp;gnum latusjeius quadrad Gat, ut ex co^iucend pedes duplica#nbsp;tionibusare3crcrpondeac.Id auteminumero nemo poteftin#nbsp;uenire:namcj G xiirj. conftituentur, erunt mulriplicad pedesnbsp;cxcyi. Si xv. pcdesccxxv. Ergo quoniam id non explicatufnbsp;numerodn eo quadrato longo amp; lato pedes decem,qu� fu�#nbsp;rit,Iinea abangulo adangulum diagoniosperducatur,uti dinbsp;uidatur in duo trigona'�qua magnitudine, Gngulaiarc� pc#nbsp;dum quinquagcnumpd eiuslinc� diagonalis longitudinem,nbsp;locus quadratus'paribus lateribus defcribatur � Ira quam m anbsp;gnaduo trigona, in minore quadrato quinquagcnum pedu.

� Kneadiagonicafuen'ntdef�gnata,eadcm magnftudmc,�eeogt; dem pedum numeroquatuori'nmai'orccruntefFefta.Hacranbsp;none duplicatio grammi'ds rationibus � Placone ud eft fchenbsp;ma fubfcriptum,fuit explicata.

A Qiiadratus locus, quicritlongusamp;Iatuspedesdenos,3 Q��drati menfurd�ci�ima e�,ucl du�lore Columelld,lib,j, cap.i., Nmnbsp;cum �t undiqipcdum totidem,int(h!plicanturitt fe duo laterd,cr quit funinbsp;maiex multiplicatione e�i�i eft, eamidicemui ejji quadratorum pedtinttnbsp;Vt�r locus quo^uouerfaio. pedu, ducemus decies denos, qui fiunt loo�nbsp;dicemuf igitur locum habere pedes quadratos centum. I dem ef�cere nu�nbsp;tnerisftn duplicatione quadratbomnino non licet: nam ut quaras num�rosnbsp;omnes,non inueniasiqui in fe multiplicatus'ducentorum pedum �ciat aresnbsp;am.Quo enimid fteripofje maxime uidetur numero 14.fi infewultiplicasnbsp;uertSjUtfitquaterdccies quatuordecim, ftunt t�)S.. utdefint adnumerumnbsp;ducentorum a.QU�dfilibet progrediiQr tentarealtiusper ly. ut dicasnbsp;quindecies qutndecim,fiunt ttj.pedes. Ita�^effictcndumgrammicis, td ejlnbsp;linearibuidefcriptionibui.ldquomodo re�epo�ttfieri,docethoc loco vinbsp;trurius . B Hacratione/duplicatiogrammicisrationibusnbsp;a Platone] Potuit er alia ratione quam � Platone oftenfum eil, quadranbsp;tum duplicari.Nam datum quadratumfi circula cinxeris, ut tangat isilsnbsp;Hut quatuor angulos,rurfut�^ipfum circul� alio quadrato claudas, ipfumnbsp;hoc quadratum duplo maiut eft priori;qua ratione u� fumm lib.4. in desnbsp;fcribendo Abaco capitule Corinthij.

A T T EMPythagorashormamfincardScisfabncationibus Parsproi J_ inuentamo�cndir,�amp;quam magno laborefabrinormam oemif,nbsp;{sciences, uixlad uerum perducere poflunt,i'd'rationibus �Cnbsp;methodiscmcndatum,cx eiuspr�cepdstxplicatur. Namcgnbsp;fi fumantur rcgul� tres,e quibus'una fit pedes tres, altera pegt;nbsp;des quatuor,tcrtia pedes quincf, h�que rcgul� inter fe com#

pofit�/cangantalia aliam fuis cacuminibusextremis,fchcma habentes trigoni, deformabunt normam emendat�. Ad casnbsp;autemregularumfingularum longicudines, fi �ngulaqua^nbsp;drata,f)aribuslareribusdefcribancur:quoderitpedumtriuninbsp;latus are�, habebit pedesnouem : quod eritquatuor, fcxdegt;nbsp;cim:qi�od quincj erjr,uigi nti quincj. Ita/quantum are� ped�nbsp;numerut�i/duo quadrata,ex tribus pedibus longitudinislategt;nbsp;rum, amp; quatuor, efFiciunt : �qux tantum numcrumiredditnbsp;unum/exquincj defcriptum.

Id Pythagoras cuminueniflet,nondubitans aMufisifein B �ainucntionemonitum,maximasgratiasagens,hoftiasdicigt;nbsp;tur f)s immolauiffe.Ea autem ratio,quemadmodum in mulgt;nbsp;lis rebus amp; mcnfuris/eft utilis,ctiam in �dificiisfcalarum �dinbsp;ficationibuSjUtitemperatashabeanrgraduum librationes,eftnbsp;cxpcdita.Sienimaltitudoconfignationis,abfummacoaxalt;gt; cnbsp;tionesadimum libramentum,diuifafueritin partes tres,eritnbsp;carum quinq^i'n fcalis fcaporu iufta lohgitudine inclinatio. Dnbsp;Nam quam magn�fuerintjinrercontignationemdiimum linbsp;bramcncum, akitudinis partes tres, quatuor a perpendkulonbsp;rec�dant, amp; ibi collocentur inferiores cakes icaporum � Ira Bnbsp;tnimerunttempcrar�graduum,amp;ipfarumfcalarum collonbsp;cationcs;Item feius rd erit fubferipta forma,

IA tcm Pythagoras normam .] Iiorm(tel�iadlt;lU(tmexiguntur anguli,�cut ai rcguldmilongitudincs, di perpcndiculumdlt�tu�ines ; quecnbsp;trid'lCicero libro Acddemic, Qud/�io. i. complexuse(l, Atqui(�credere*nbsp;mm(inquit)nottcgeremus perpcndiculii,nonnormis,non regul.K. Nor�nbsp;miiGiwmonGr�CKUocdtur,utdpudLucidnuminHArmonid�, B Idnbsp;Pythagoras/cuminiienifletjnondubitansa Mufis] Traditnbsp;Cicero lib.detjdturdDeorum f.?yihdgordm,cum tnGeometridiquidddHtnbsp;noui inucniUct,Mu/ts'boucm immoldre folitum, Quod dutemidd rem no*nbsp;ftrdm dttinctffcribit lodttnes Reuch!iniislib.i.dedrtecdbdni�icd,dHt ponbsp;tiuiDiogenes Ld�rfiu! Ub.s indmdpudeumnd etidmlegimiis)itcmdpuinbsp;Athcniciimlibjo.cxduiioritdte AppoUodoridrithmetiei,iR�/bouescen*nbsp;tum immolate,cum reperijjet ''�ti ^i'vwvou �o�So^wviou k tI�j o�0h/jnbsp;^cov/avuTTOTt/voua'a^tTirvaToaToSLSTT�^isy^oucran,idefi, qu�dtridnenbsp;gull orthogonij rcHo dngu�o fubic�� IdtusHdtitu udleret, qudnt��qu� cotinbsp;ncrent; �ue tridnguli re�dguli, quod re�o dngulo fubtenditur ldtus,�qu�

clinatio � ] Scapuifcaldrum cft truncus� fumtn^ contdbulationeddrece�ionem. Jnfublimedutemjdnbsp;obiter dicdm,confcenditur^dut re�id itione,fed quit�finbsp;pluribnfgrddibii5dfccndendumejjet,uertcreturddnbsp;normdmjnteric�ii refrdifionibus cr dreolis(td ge*nbsp;niuantiqui fotebdnt �cereimpdri grdduum numero)nbsp;dut cochlidibui fcdUi,ideflquibufpergyrum furfumnbsp;itur. Rur[uifcdl�confidntidutgrddtbus,dutdccliui.nbsp;Priorii generis funt Romaicochlidcs columnie Trdi�nbsp;nitr Antonini s in illd/dd fifligium f ent res db eo ge*nbsp;fit fculptue,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;in primisibe�um Ddcicit; intus afcen^

diturigrddibus centum o�iogintdquinque, fine/ieUdi habet quddrdgintd^uin^.l n dltitudine udridnt Eutronbsp;pins GT P.Vi�for,quem mdlumui elJe Sext� Rufutn;nbsp;iUe dicit,pedum e/fe centum quddrdgintd, hie centumnbsp;mgintio�o. Antoninicolumndincendio de�rmdtd,nbsp;fed dltior,pedum fcilicet centum feptudgintdfex, grdnbsp;duumicentumfcx,finefteUdrum iqumqudgintd fex,nbsp;Hdbet cr f�muldchrd rerum ge�arum/circumqudt^nbsp;C�Utd, ��ud dutemiddmirdtione non cdret, ^uod cd*nbsp;rum cclumndrum crd�itudo. uno perpetuoq; lapidenbsp;con�dt,in qaofinci/�grddus, er cum dd fummumgy*nbsp;rum/cicldtd fint uaridrum rerum zr perfonarum�*nbsp;mulachrd,necelfeq; �t dliqudndoparticuldm in fecuitnbsp;dum Idpidemferudri, itd commi�i funttdmen, ernbsp;unguem coniunguntur er conuentunt, ut ne oculati�inbsp;musquidemjnifimeditat�zxconfult�inrem prtefennbsp;rnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;temuenidt,ddnimdduerterepo�it. Etfcdl^i^uibuitn

fummum Pdntheum confeenditur, triquetro dfcenfu filiigidntur,hdient^ po�feptenos quofq; grddiK.rcfid�ionesfiue dreo*nbsp;las,udcuum ipfum. Eadcm lUalc� ab imo dd fummum, qua lumen immitti*nbsp;tur,�gurd. Po�erioris ucr�generis,hoc e�jaccliuis be�i�tme nobis �rm�nbsp;retulitidi�enta tri�lij fihqud. QHd re �rtdffe admonitus BrdmdntesAr�nbsp;chite�lorum po� dntiquos illos idihgenti�iitius, pulchcrrimdm dccliucm

' nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cochhdem

DE ARCHITEC, LIB, �X, jgp tochlidem extruxit in Vaticano Pontificum mdximortim ^dificio, cut � ponbsp;fitione Heluedcre eft nomen inditum, ipfto acdiuilab into ad fummum. in�nbsp;nixoqutttuor colummtrumicontinudtis ordinegeneribuf, ulfcdpianulluinbsp;effet,ideft,utUdlilociuuntur,nulldeU�t dnimd,ftue ftibK,dut dnteiwd.nbsp;i^dmhis uocabulisK�remftgi'iftednt. E Itaerunt/temperaf�granbsp;duGctipfarumfcalarumcollocationes,] Degrdduumretrddionbsp;�e er crd�itudine,lege tib.j. cap.t. quajud adcs facrdi pcrtinednt'.niim re '/nbsp;trddionem iftamiquam conftdt^cx perpendiculo �r rcce�ione/habere de*nbsp;bereddcrd�itudiaem{rdtionemproportionis [efquitert�e,nihil effedu*nbsp;bium oportet/ddpriudtdrMniedium fcdldt pertinere.

ARCHImcdisueroicummultamiranda i'nucnta-amp;iia^ P4wprw riafuerint,ex omnibus etiam infinita folerna id, quod cemq ,nbsp;exponam,uiderur clTe exprcffum nimium. Hiero cnim Syranbsp;cufis audus regia poteftate,rebus bene geftis, cG auream cogt;nbsp;ronam uociuam,dr)s immortal ibus/in quodam fano confti�nbsp;A tuiffet ponendam jimmani precio Iocauitfaciendam,0i augt;nbsp;rum/adfacomaappendkredemptori.ls/adrempusjopusmaquot;nbsp;nufaftum fubtilicer, regi approbauic, amp; ad facoma/pondutnbsp;coronf uifuseftprfftitifle. Pofteaquam indicium eftfadum,nbsp;quot; dempro auro,fantundem argenti in id coronarium opus adnbsp;mixtum eflejndignatus Hiero fe contemptum, ne(� inueni^nbsp;cns,qua racione-id furtum dcprehenderer,rogauit Archime#nbsp;~ dcm,uti in fe fumeret fibide eoicogitatiejnem. Tune is'cG hagt;nbsp;'� beret eius rei cura, cafu uenir in balneG; ibiqt/cum in foliumnbsp;defcendcrct,animaducrtitquantum corporis fukin eo infidegt;nbsp;retjtantum aqu�,extra folium effluere. Itacpfcum eius rci/ra�nbsp;donem explicationis ofFendifletjnoneftmoratus, fed exiliuit'nbsp;gaudio motusdeioliojamp;nudusuadens.'domum ucrfus,figt;nbsp;gnificabatclarauoccfinueniflequodquaercret. Nameurrens/nbsp;identidemgr^'cecIamabat^wfNK�j'�iyKK�, Tumueroiexeo inuen

^uoidemifit argentcam maflam, Ctiius/quanta magnitudo in uafcdepr�ffaeft,tantum aqu^ effluxit � Ita icxempta mafia,nbsp;6 quanto minus faAum fuerat/refudiq (extario menfus J ut eogt;nbsp;dem modo^quopriusfuerat, ad labra �quaretur.Itafexeoin#nbsp;ucnit, quantum ad certum pondus argenri/certa aqu� menfu jnbsp;rarefpondcrct. Cum id cxpertusefiet,tumauream mafTamznbsp;Gmiliter pleno uafe demifiq�i ea cxempta,eadc ratione mengt;nbsp;furaaddita, inuenit exaqua no tantum defluxifie,fed tantumnbsp;rhinus, quantum minus magno corporezeodem pond�r� aunbsp;ri mafia elTetquam argcti. Poftea uerorepleto uafc/n eademnbsp;aquaipfa corona demifl� ,inuenicplus aqu� defluxifie in co''nbsp;ronam, quam in aurcam/eodem pond�r� maflam, amp; ita'cknbsp;eo quod plus defluxerataqu�/in corona,quam in mafla/atio'^nbsp;f cinatuSjdeprchendit/argentiinauro mixtionem,amp;manifeftunbsp;furtum redcmptoris. Transferaturmens/adArchit�Ta;'nbsp;rentini,amp; Eratofthcnis Cyrenei/cogitata, Hi enim mulra �Cnbsp;grata a Mathematicis rebuahominibus inueneruf. Itac^cumnbsp;�nc�terisinucntionibusfuerintgrati,inciusreiconcertatio�nbsp;nibusmaxime funt fufpedi. Alius enim'alia rationeexplicaiinbsp;re curauit, quod Delo imperaucrat refponfis/Apollo, uti 5gt;,nbsp;ar� eiusquantum haberet pedum quadratorum, ididuplicagt;nbsp;rctur'�i itaforc,uthi)qui clTent in ca infula,tuncreligione libenbsp;U rarenrur Itacf Arcliitasliemicylindrorum dcfcriptionibus,nbsp;Eratoftlicnestorganica mefolabi ratione/idem explicauerunt.

Qricis eft tequtponditttn, id cfifceqtta�c pondui,ut hoc loco, cr'huiut libri tapite ultimo,Accluopondcrenbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ftcoma faburrale: aut ([iiquodlanci

trutinefurfum ldt� adiungitur,ul grMiorvfiat �^Mlii,ut cfi dpud lulium PoUucem lih. 4. cdp. 14. Ari�otdes �in M.ecbdnicis didt^crHKu^oiTtoi�vnbsp;pro ^equilibrium/�ccrc. B In id coronarum opus.] Alidslegiturnbsp;coronarium,eadem plane figni�caticne'jtdq} mcltui,cum de una tantum conbsp;ronadicat. C Cumin folium dcfccnderct. ] lde�labrum,utCa'�nbsp;toni dercrufiica cap.io.Pliniolib.u.cap.i,Cornclio CelfoI�j-alijs,undc 1

foledrii,�uc ut tego foliar is diciturdi /^clioSpartiano,utufolidlid(� uafa quitus iit balncis utcbantur,folebant^ferudri.Domitius CaldcriitUfnbsp;apudfiartialcmlib- *. dicit^oliumef^quot;asinihermfs,quotauabatiturqi^nbsp;fudare nokbant. Solium autemipro fede regia Verrio di� urn placet,qua�nbsp;folidiim,quod/ex integro lignoconftaret. Affier Grammaticusi'a fededi*nbsp;�ummagis probat, D �ufHRot,�izfKKoc-ldf^mKe�i,jrt�cKi. E Scxtanbsp;riomcnfuscft.] Verbumell,uacat, F Manifeftumfurtumnbsp;demptoris.] Eius auri�cis,quircceperat /�ciendamcoronam. Gnbsp;Quod Delo imperaueratrefponfis Apollo,] !derat,cubumdU�gt;nbsp;plicare, rem multodiffici�imami argutbat eos Apollo, qimd GcometriatUnbsp;n�glig�rent, Qtilt;ereslfii/t�ime trailatur ab Eratoflhene ad Ptolcm^unt,nbsp;rf loanneGrammaticoinAnalyticaPofleriora Ariftot, libro(quantumnbsp;memini)primoinam eius codicis mihi nunc copia non eft. Re�rturetiam inbsp;Plutarchojib, deSocratis diemonio, Beffarionetde�nitonis Platonisnbsp;lib,t. cap,3. Quidamferiptisprodidit, cubiduplicationem/inuentum effenbsp;Platonisduabus lineisrc�is, alijs medijsduabus proportionalibus repernbsp;tisideprehendi, Erato�henes tameihdi�a Eptflola ad Ptolemieum Regem,nbsp;tribuit Hippocrati Cbio, ut legimus apud Georgium V a�amitbro Geomenbsp;tr�es., hoc e� lib. expetendorum er�tgiendorum o. in hane�re fenten*nbsp;tiam.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Tragicus quidamiintroduxit fJlinoa, Glaucofcpulchrum excitd^

re uolentem,interrogalum,quanam id�guraiextrui ma�et: re/fondif��tf bica;fedita,ut bis tantum caperet,qu4ntumcubus,qui;quoquoucrfuseffetnbsp;pedum centum. Quidam iit id�eret^putauitlatus unumquodq^duplum ejfenbsp;�ciendum,hatlucinatus.Etenimlateribusduplicatis,planuquodlibetqua*nbsp;druplum ef�ciebaturiipfumucro folidam,oiloplum. Qua�tumiconcer*nbsp;tatum^ e�quonam modopropo/itum folidum in ea �rma permanens,dunbsp;plicari poI�t.Resadgeometras relata efl,Ambigenttbusca:teris,Hippo^nbsp;cratesChiusindicauit�eriid poffe,ficon�autis duabus hneis, quariMlnbsp;tnMoriminorts e�et duplo, du� media'in continua proportione inueniren^nbsp;tur. Aliquanto po�, Delijtum oraculo Apollinis iuberentur'aram ipfiutnbsp;dup'tcare,nei^tquaid fieri po�etrationafatis uiderent, obiurgantePlo�nbsp;tone,qui in academia erant,geometras, Architas Tarcntinusperhemicy�nbsp;lindros,Eudoxusper inflexas lineas dcmon�rauerunt�:dparuadufum,nbsp;Ut etteri etnnes,prieter HisnecbmMn, qui breue quiddamicr fubobf:urumnbsp;reliquit.

Pollea Eratc�benesiinfirumentum f�rtnduit, Idem vaUaira� tionem inueniendartim medidrumproportiondliumiexfententid Archimenbsp;dis,EMocij,Pldtonis,lleromi,Philonii Bizdntij,Apollottij, Dioclis, Papnbsp;piiPori,Menechmi,Architie, Erdto�henii, Philoponi, ZSquot; Diony�odori,nbsp;todem loco trddere condtut c�, �Jlt;ec tgo fcripferdm, cum beneficio Roanbsp;dolphi PijiCdrporum Cdrdindlis, �iid e� ttob�/copid uidendi exfcribenanbsp;diq- (curdnte id tHec�ndtc nteo) Archimedii de�ih^rdnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Cylindroicum

ftidrrdtione Eutocij uolumen, orndmento fidur� ftugu�i�tm^e i�i et in�ru ^i�imte Bibltotheclt;e, qudm tufoto orbe terrdr� mdximK fwnptibut, connbsp;^ui�tii omnium di�cipltndr U cr lingudrum librii, PRANCISCE Rexrnbsp;RfgM potentt�ime cr Chri�idni�ime,dd Eontem Rlceium in�iiui�i.ld uonbsp;lumeniGcorgij Vdlle �erdt�n quoiprieter linguie Doricieproprietdtem, 'nbsp;Ztr omt�ionem/�irttuumidtq; dccentuum^quxlinlegendo nonnihilexbi* 'nbsp;buerunt di�icultdtii, occurrunt fubindeify�abarum zir di�tonumnotttfnbsp;qu�ine d Gnecii quidem ip�siboc tempore fdtisdgnofcuntur. Jtdqueinbsp;exeo deprebendimui,qu�idVdlld trdditde�ent,dbEutocioAfcdtonitd!nbsp;fcriptdejje in Arcbimedis libri a-qtoUfot.SM�nuT�vS'fon fecundi,nbsp;theoremd primum,quod in eo docereturiproportiondles ntedidf Itnedt inanbsp;uenire. Qupd dutem dd Arcbitdm cr Erdto�bcncmiquorumibic'ineminitnbsp;Vitruuiut^ dttinet, quonid db utroq^ibreuius trdditd rdtio uidebdtur,qMntnbsp;�t 4 multu inte�igi pa�et,Ludouicia Luceniufiquem/no[:melin bocopeanbsp;renomindui, quodieius iudicium GT ingenitmi,quo/fumRom��milidrianbsp;terufiM, mdgnoperemibi pldcuit^oTunum exomnibusmeormnfcriptoanbsp;rum cenforem eleg^me auflore explicuit-.quodifi ddfcripfero,uidebor n�nbsp;pdrudm �udiofis inij�e grdtid � itdq^lpriuf dicdm, qud rdtionetile^ Arcbianbsp;tdm duo medid proportiondlidper hemicyltndros inuent�e exi�tmet,qu�lnbsp;eadem e� duplicdndi cubi rdtio. Deinde o�enddm,qu�fit rdtiojconficien�nbsp;di tAefoldbij in�rumentiidd medid proportiondlid unum,duo,dut plurd denbsp;prebendcndd,cuhicumqi corptK,ferudfd�gurd,qudntumlibet dugendum,nbsp;ex Erdto�benis inuentione. Ergoiquod dd Arcbitte inuentum dttinet.nbsp;Sintddtiedu�relt;;i�line�B.C. eyC.D.interqudfidudf medidiproporanbsp;tiondles inuenire oportedt,de[cribdfur circulai B C.D.F. cuiui dimetiensnbsp;fiiB.C. crdfignoCtper i.qudrti Euclidisducdtur lined�qudliiC,D�nbsp;iUiecogra4tincircHloB,C,D,E-eir fidtre^la lined circunfirentiic c� D.

��h�ceddemlincdlextrdcirculuinfgt;rodu�ii,c;rlinc�G, H. qttieinf��io

fud circum�rentid hemicyhndriifuper�ciem conuexdm, e:y defcribere iit ed/efudnddm linedm cylindricdm�nfidrnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;earum,iiuibusitn hordrio cy*

Itndroihordrum I��cid di�mguuntur. intelhgatur^ rurfui triangidutit C.B. G.mdnente dltero eins IdlereC, B.quod circuit BX.D.f,dimetietiSnbsp;efl,in oppo�tdmpdrtem,ciudm motus �tii femicirculus,circumuerti, et denbsp;fcriberedlteroldtereC.G.per lo.dif�nitionemundecimi, conicdmfupernbsp;ficiem,lt;iu�lobuidn$ line� cylindric�lconcurret in exteriori conuexd hemi*nbsp;cylindri fuper�eiepndli^uo�gnoex ijs, qu�ier�tineddem linedC,G.incnbsp;ter D.er G.crhoc �gnum �tK.d quoidd pldnum femicirculum B.C. D.nbsp;excitetur pern undecimi perpendiculdris lined K. N. lt;ju� in ipfdm inci*nbsp;detfemicirculi circum�rentidm, in(ludihemicylindrifuper�cies,ubi e�nbsp;fignumK.�titere��d,0- conneildntur�gndC. N. erinte�igatur lined

Tridnguluntueroiuf^ddfuiip�usfemicirculiq; inexteriorihcmicyUn dri fuper�ciccommunemfeHionemcircumduHdm, ut efl B.L.cfignumnbsp;huius communis fe�Honisfit K. cr femicirculus quern defcribit D.�tD,nbsp;K. F. er perpendtculdris d �gno K. in pldnum femicirculum inetdensfitnbsp;linedK..Fi. qu�lquonidm eft infuper�eie femicirculi C,B,K.fgnum N-innbsp;quod meidet, erit^ in quo leiufdem femicirculi dimetiens, qui efl C. B. fecdtnbsp;wcdpofiturdcircumfireiitidmfemicirculiB, c,D,Deindeiconne�dnttir

/�grtdN. C.lin{are��,qtt�C.B. dmetientisfemicirculiB. c. D.inhac ^U(tm modo diccb�mufpof�tura,pars erit,eddemq^fecabit lineam D .�.etnbsp;�tcetin�gno P. at lined C. G. imouer� C.L.ldtus tridngult dd locu corn*nbsp;munis fe�ioniicum femicirculo dedudumfUtexpo�tum �tit/ccet femicirnbsp;culumD,M.F. tn^H. idell�gnum^quodiniftd tridnguhpofiturd'de�ritnbsp;bit D.�c�Ji:con^tc^^dntur^ re�ishneis�gndK.B. er M. N. CZ M.P,nbsp;Qivibiu�cdt�gt;cjiti5,quonidm uteri^ fcmircirculorumB. C. K. er D.nbsp;M.F.dngulos re�osin eodemfnbicilopldno ere�us efl.erit lined mu�nbsp;tU� fe�ionisicommunis utricj; perfCr^.. undecimi, meidens dd dngulosnbsp;re�oim pldnitiem circuit' B. C.D. F. perpendiculdris^^ dimetienti D. F.nbsp;C^per t}.fexti,medidproportiondlis linedrum P.F. ez P. D. �tdutemnbsp;fdM. P. CMJJM quddrdtumfper 17- fexti^itquumeritpdrdllelogrdMmo/exnbsp;P.Eer P.D.Imeis.crper if.terHjlerit eddem M. P.wcdittproporfjon��/nbsp;lis inter linedfC.P.�rP.N trwngukqjM.C.P. er P.N.M. eruntpernbsp;6 er 4. fexti�milid er proportiondltd,^uum�nt dngulidd P^re�i^ercirnbsp;cum eosldterdproportiondlid.Sedquonidmdngulis M.N,P.er C.H.P.nbsp;fubtenduntur proportionalid Uterd,eruiit per �.fcxtidnguli teijudles, ernbsp;peredndemydngtduStViX^P^�ngulo N.IA.Peti�m�(ludlis,ertt^^pertKnbsp;primi amp; communem [ententidm,dngulus N. M. Credos,er tridnguUnbsp;i^,MC.erN.fi.P.(y'M.CP.ddmuicem�milid.Etrurfosiquonidmdiinbsp;SJfos K. N. C. rci�M� e�lper llypothe�m,dt q; itdldngulo M. P,C.

V ^ngulus N. C. K. communis e� K. N.C. er M. P- C-triungulis, erunt etiditfd tridnguldiper eufdem l�tjuidnguld, lt;tc omnino �milid, neenon ernbsp;tridngtumC.K.B.�ifdem�mile,quum�t�ngulosB.'K..C,perieAerti�nbsp;etidmreiui.Eritigitur�cutC B. ddCK.IdterdtridnguliBC K. dremnbsp;unguium LCK.�cper4-fexticK.ddeN.quieicircafimilem,im�eunanbsp;dem N C Kdngulum tridnguliC K N.po�td (^unt,ey itijuis dngulis tn�anbsp;mill t'idngiJo �milter fubtenduntur, er per eundem eodem^i modo�eutnbsp;CK. ddeE.�cCN.CM.IdtcTdtridnguliN C M. circKWdnguluntnbsp;N C^.Sed mdnififium e� C M.e�elt;e^Udtem C D.^uum neceff� �tD.cynbsp;M.JgndACconi�i�igio�^Udliterdi�dre,eogt;lt;}uodincirculo'dlgt;unoernbsp;code)�gno in conifuperficie circunferipto^po�td funt;inter B C igiturnbsp;Cr CD. muent d erunt duo medid proportiondlid C K.er C N. ^�od f�ie^nbsp;rat o�ndendoin�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ceeterumiduoniam problemdfpamtheorema i�ui

tll)nonalienumeritexfgt;lic(ire,^uopii^io�fliuftnodin}edia!pei�hiinci{gt;figt;n ratiocindtioncm,non tam inteaigi,qu�m r� ipfainucniri (iueant,at^ muennbsp;tisiquomodoutipo�imii4,cr�hociEratofth�nes neget, per hatte ArchMnbsp;traditionem paffe fieri. Statuam igiturlad Itbc�aplanitiem, defiriptif^ innbsp;eatirculoB CDP.fiuper centrum Q^.triangulo B C G.linea C D.ac di*nbsp;metienteB C.i^Uie omniapropofuiin plano defcribi oportere. infuperqpnbsp;�ffgnochnea c h.(iu��t(eq^ualisb q.ctreogruatfemi�rculobc d. tiisnbsp;inquamificdiffiofitissonfiruam hemicyltndrum, cuius axianon �t minornbsp;bg.Ba�suerb�tfiemicircuius b c d.^^huicfemicirculoihemicylindruntnbsp;imponam,atquea�gno h.quoderitincircun�rcntiafemictrculi,per he*nbsp;tuicylindri conuexumterigam lineam,qu�iad fubie�um planum perpendi*nbsp;cularis/tt,cr lt;equalisc h.hocefl:,b q.Gr�tea h Situmab s.�gnoadnbsp;figna bcyc, extrema dimetientiscircuit admotaper hemicylindricon�nbsp;uex� ueluti lesbia aliqua regula,uel pro eajinea�oc eft filo tenui dedudo,nbsp;defi:ribamperidcouexnmlcylindricamlineam,qu��t b s c.rurfusq�nnbsp;eo laterejpara�elogrammi hemicylindri j ck/j� alter um extremumlinjidetnbsp;figno b.abeodem�gno/adaltitudinem b g.�gnabo�gno g.^abhocnbsp;^d d,�gniim in plano po�tumipcrconuexam fuperficiem hemicylindri,nbsp;dHcamlineamcylindricie�milem,qu(ecyltndricam b s c.ffcabitinali-

DE ARCHITEC LIB, IX. 5^7 �dc K.itacK.adc tt.cr/ic c n-adc d�quodoportebat inuenire^nbsp;SE QVIT VR^utdelHefolabiodicum, Conftituutur Tabettaligneainbsp;oblongaatq; quudrillt;ttert(,dd regulumnormam^ibetteundio^leuigdtuinbsp;fuprdq^eam ,� duo tantum medidperquiruntur, concinnentur tdbeUul�nbsp;treskx lt;ere,dut alia quduis mdtcrid^dd hoc opus idoncd, qult;e fint ^qudm te*nbsp;tiui�imlt;e,ad regulam normdmq- �bire��lt;e quddrdtte,dut alterd pdrtc Ionnbsp;giorcs, qudrum und in tdbelbe ligncie medio limmobilis locetur, d!i� ueronbsp;du�idd dextram altera, alteraSad fini�ram itd con�ituantur, ut h�r entesnbsp;mediie tdbe�ul�,dlterdqult;e d dextris eSl fupra earn, alter d'qu� a �ni�risnbsp;fub eddem in pldnitie f'^bie�lalduci reducij^ pro libito po�it C dextrum autnbsp;fini�rum quum dixtro,dd ipfius Mefotdbi, non ad drtificis po�turdmre�nbsp;ro)in edrum dutemtabellarum �ngnlisj�nguld pdrid^ omnino pdrdUelo^nbsp;grdmmd re�anguld,qudtuor Idteribus comprehenfa,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dimetienteia de*

xtris dd�n�rdm dedu�o, tenui�imis line is igraphic� dppo�te^ de�:ri= bantur, �ciut � prim^fuperioris dexteriorisq; tdbeUuhe reiidngulumhanbsp;buerit dextrum latus inter b fuperiti!,cr c �gnumin�riuscomprehen*nbsp;fum^dimetientem^b f ,ldtus�ni�rtmtd �hocip�im d ��tproxi*nbsp;tnireildngulildtusdextrum,cuius��dimetiens�erit d h,�ni�ruwq}ld*nbsp;tusg h, hocipfum g h, fit commune fequentipdrdllelogrdmmo,cuiusnbsp;fieritdimetiens g m. in mfignumin�riusde�netfini�rumeiusldtus^nbsp;eruntqi h�c tridpdraUelogrdmmd,quummdximeextrem�tdbe�ultefe*nbsp;duiite utrinqi �erint�n hunc modum di�gt;o�td:quum uer� mdxim� in fefenbsp;redut�je fuperiori dd perpendiculum fuppo�td, dtque itd�etlut�ue dite*nbsp;ram�ue utrdnqfinhdnc,uel illam partem duxerislreduxerisue^perpetuonbsp;tarnen paraOela tarn latera quam dimetientes re�ang ulorufin quouisfitunbsp;permaneant^nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sin autem plura media perquiruntur�iam unicum bi*

nis duntaxdt tdbeUulis inuenirelperquimficile e�jfquotquot fierint inue�i gandd plura duobu5,totidcm tabellube�miles fimiliier^ di/�ofitieldd �ni*nbsp;�ram pdrtem adijciantur, unica earumfiue ea media fit ,�uc alia qu�uis/nbsp;immobili manente j non enim quod nulla earumiimmobilisfit�nueniri duonbsp;niedia/dut quotquot oportuerit,non poter unt, uerum/quum �t �tperuaca/nbsp;neun^omnes mobiles efie, commodius eritmediamfiabilem con�ituere,nbsp;^runtdutem'ut quiie^eritdexterior,itd!zy�uperior(�tperiorem earn fern'/nbsp;.P^rdppetlo,quie,dumin unum coguntur/uperinducitur :in�riorem,qu�nbsp;Dd i'q

5p8 M. VITRVVII POLL. fubducitur)maioranero minorauc pdra�elogrdmma ftnt,nonaliudlit*nbsp;tere�^qudm quod mdiordprief�rti/n^ olgt;lo/tgiora,cxd�liorem euidentio�nbsp;rein^ ufum exhibent, dc tdbeUul� mdiores/qudm fittnra funt in eis pdrdSenbsp;logrdmmdifru�rddtque inutiliter fient,pr�termdrgines,tdmenin)irtuinbsp;fuperiusqj,qui obtegunturcdndliculis,per quosjmabiles tdbelle difcurrSt,nbsp;dtquehosnidrginesiiiimmobile tdbelld mdiufculos e�'eoportet,utintrdnbsp;edsimdrginum partes, quibus'ed infirius fitperius^ c�figitur,mobiles dli^nbsp;tdbethe db omni impedimenta liberteprocurrdnt, Nlt;�m finifirorfum dli^,nbsp;prlt;eter ultimdmlqu� addextrdm locdtd efl, marginemextra pdrdlielo*nbsp;gr^i iMs nullu habere pofiunt.Si tam� ultima fintftror[um(� eadem�p)nbsp;dtq^ ali� omnesidextrorfium margine non omnino cdruetint,comodiorentnbsp;ufumpr�jldbunt,tu ittquum maxime feduihefint, habeant tam� finguhiinbsp;eos'margines fingults proximis tabeUis fuppofitos ; quosldum mouenturnbsp;pr�euntes co[equantur^tuiutin extremis tdbe�ulis,ed parte marginisiex^nbsp;tra reildnguli dream! dliquis ueluti umbilieus eminensiadhiberi po�it,quonbsp;tabcUaeiin utram�^ pdrtemidptiui impe�i quednt. Quanquam hoc mon minbsp;nusdpt�fiet'exiguis foraminibusin paraUelogrammorum dreis cxtrddi*nbsp;metient� terebrdtis,in qu� pedis circini dut alter ins rei acumen, quo uirmnbsp;queducdntur,ddmitterepo/?int.Erunttgiturpdrand�tabell�ddinuicemnbsp;�quales,pr�ter immobilem, quam dtxialiqu�to longiorem effe oportere,nbsp;atqueiuxtd rationemfuperioremquotquot e�fi(ertnt!co�ocand�. Et Me*nbsp;foiabodd hunc modutn conftituKgt;,eius ufum iam exponam.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sint re^

�f�line�,interquasaportetduoautplurd mediaisonjlituere s, maior t, minor.fiat primi dexterioris fuperioris^pdrallelogrdmmidextru/mla�nbsp;tuf,quodpof�tumefi:inter b c figndcontineri,�qualcline� s-quoniantnbsp;h�c fitit maior expofitarum,deinde ex infimiultimiq^ ad/iniflrampdra�enbsp;logrammi/tnifiro ldtere,quod in m.fignum datum fiit,tnfirius definere,nbsp;abficindam abed parte qua m fignum pofitueft,fegmentum�quale t,hnbsp;ne� minoriexpcfitdrum,quodfit m nduncigitur tabelLe inuicem cogannbsp;tur mobdibusuerfiisliabilem,fiqua fit, in feipfas mutuo dedu�is, doneenbsp;finguldlalerd omniumreiidngulointmddfinfirdm eorumpofita,fccet�nbsp;fingulosproximcrum dmetientes-.idqfin fignis qu�cum b.cr n.fub ed�nbsp;demrc�ldlined!dirigantur,figndbcq;ledomniu[e�lionumfigna,erunt^innbsp;huiufittodipofiturdifigmentdlaterumfub hisfignisfita, medidcontinuanbsp;propor�

DE ARCHITEC. LlB. IX. 39^ proportionalia inter s er t.ddta Iinedt,quoderdt inueniend�. CijMd�nbsp;tdtui b c primlt;etabellullt;eiequtimnonfiierit,fedalteriuiriitionisAds,nbsp;f�edndemetidmrationemhdbueritfegmentum m n.ad, t,e�ndemhdbe*nbsp;bunt medidfegmentd dltd dd medid qute perquiruntur.Si uero jilum per*nbsp;tenue d b f�gnoinpldnitiem pdrd�elogrdtnmorum dedu�iumperf�rd*nbsp;men, quod�t in n.dimittdtur librdt�plumbo,quemddinoduminpcrpennbsp;diculo fieri uidemut, ufum reguU in �Aef7ldbo,dd explordndu/)n;dn edomnbsp;nid fignd fub eddem lined �nt,coinmodiorem exhibcbit.itie^ uidebitur �rnbsp;ta�ifdb hdc re dlienum,ldtus Ultimi pdrd�elogrdmmi uerfus ftni/lrdm, exnbsp;quoifegmentd dd ntdgnitudinem minorum linedrum expofttdrum abficin*nbsp;dl hdbenfin fexdgintd pdrtes,ue!uti in minutd phyficd,�rdminibiu diftin�nbsp;gu�re perpufillis uequdliterqi tnuicem difidntibud,quorum vmmi mediumnbsp;fit inipfoangulopdrd�elogrdmmi, i�quemddtus ipfum fuperiuidefinit,nbsp;ut filo fecutipropofuimiK pro reguld ddhtbito,�ciliuffitin qudeunq^ rd*nbsp;tione,qudm numerut fexdgendriut dd minor em hdbere potefl, medid pro*nbsp;portiondlid inuenire � Sed non erit tunctdbe�d i�d continud minor ibui td*nbsp;beUulii [ubijciendd,qult;ein� finetfilu in�riut dimitti,fed regul�,�ue lignes 'nbsp;fi �e lt;er�lt;e,fiue ex dlidad edm rem dccomoddtd mdterid, in quddrildteri cunbsp;tufddm re�dnguli circunfirentiitlpeciemidi�tonend� crunt, dred peruia inbsp;medid dtque indni remanente, qudperpendiculum per qudmeunque late*nbsp;rii pdrd�elogrdmmi pdrtcm fubmifjiimlliber�peruagdri po�it. inque binbsp;nis hdrttm reguldrum,qu� refirunt quadrilateri longiord laterd, canali*nbsp;tulis excaudtis tabe�ul�, ad eundem mod� quo fuperius, eocinnand�. Adnbsp;h�c,uel fub medio lAefoldbobd�s altitudinis fir� qudnta efi Mefolabi lon=nbsp;gitudo,uelfubfingulis eiut dngulis,fingul� eiufdem dltitudinia adhibendi^nbsp;columeܣ, quibui innixo Kefoldboidtq^ in fublimi po�to perpcndtculo lonbsp;tut fit,quo perpendcdt.liequehorumquicqudmiprohibebit, ne in eodentnbsp;lAefoldbo,reguldquum oput �erit^uti non pc�imui.�lfedutem,qu�dffe�nbsp;rui,medid proportionalid,fic ofienddm,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Veferibdm in fuperficie pbt

ttdhdfcelinedt, quemadmodttm Mefolabo/ddhancpdrallelogrdmmorum firmamredd�odelinidt�funt,cr/iquidem tributtdnlumm�do tAefold*nbsp;bitdbe�if u�fumiit,qu�idd duo media inuefliganda fufficere diximus (nc*nbsp;que enim� pluresfint^diuerfamexigcntdemonftrandirationem^erunt innbsp;eadef:riptioncitria di/^dria pdrd�elogrdmma reHangtda, quorum pri*nbsp;mutn

mum maximum^ �d dcxtcrdm pojttivm,erit bed f.idemijuodinpri* mdMeJblabiconflitutione�terdtetidm b c d f- alterumminusierit dnbsp;f g h. tertiumminimum gh n mscr conne�dm�gnd b er ttjt�nbsp;nedreHd b n.inqudperhypothefimerunt/tgndfe�fionit,^uorumquodnbsp;eflinldtere d f.dppc�etur q- quodin gh.dppe�etur r,producdm^nbsp;linedt c m.cr b �.ultra m-ct- n.donecconcurrdntin/tgno p.conbsp;curruntenimper pofluldtum�quidemdngtdus c b r. minor efid�nbsp;gulo c b d.rc{loper9.communtmfintentidm,crdngulut b c p.nbsp;re�u! e� per hypothe�m. Et quonidm in primnrid Mefolabi conflitutioanbsp;ne, priusqitdmtdbeS^ loco mouerentur,trlanguid b c f.f�-d fnbsp;g h m,hdbuerunt�gnd�ngulosre�osdngulos,crldteracircumre{i�nbsp;angulum in uno triangulorum�dteributdlteriits circum�milemanguluntnbsp;�eruntaqualia.Eruntetiampcr s. fext^nguli c f b.zy f h d.ornbsp;h m g.ddinuicem lequdles.crperis.primi,line� b f.^ g h.crrnbsp;m. inhocpdrd�elogrdmmorum�tuimutuoetidpiirdllelix�n�iperqi ^uo*nbsp;nidm tridnguld bcp. crq�p.crrhp. er nm p.habentnbsp;omnid,angulum b p c.communem,er �nguldi�ngulosreHos per hypo*nbsp;tke�m,ajferdm per i.communemfententiam er partem ji. primi, e�enbsp;iequidngula,er per4.fexti,dut� mduis peri.eit^dem,habere latera pronbsp;portionalia,e�cc^�cut b c.ad q f.�c b p.ad q p.er�cut q f.�dnbsp;r h�c qp.ad r p.�cut^ r h.ad n m.�c r p.ad np-Etde*nbsp;indequoniamadalterumlatuftrianguli bp �dila�apuraUelut q h.nbsp;effediui�m,peri.�:xti,�cut b q.ad q p.�c fh.adh p,ercomponbsp;�teper i3 .quinti,�cut b p.ad q p.�ce�e � p.ad h p.erquoniamnbsp;adlatus q f.trianguli q p f.a�ae�parallelus r h. e�iper eafdemnbsp;�cut f p.ad h p.�c q p.ad r p.^peru.quin��c b p.ad q p.eJquot;nbsp;rurfuipereafdem�ce�eq p.ad r p.et r p-ad n p.qudtuorq/batli*nbsp;nedf e�e proportionales b p.er q p.er r p.er n p.Scdo�enfut�e�nbsp;�cut b p.ad q p.�chabere b c.ad q far�cut qf.ad r h.�cnbsp;q p.dd r p.�cut^ �� h.ad nm.�c r p.ad np. Igiturperu.nbsp;quinti,erunti:yhteetidmlineieproportionales b c.er q �er r h.ernbsp;n m-dtq^inter b c.e^ n m.duomediaproportionaliainuenta,quad/�enbsp;rdtdemonflrdttdum.E�etidmigiturerratioipfdlinelt;e b c.ad n m.tinbsp;nearn�n tres �miles er lequales rationesidi�eild, qt(lt;e �ue �erit duplo,nbsp;�uealia

DE ARCH�TEC. LIE. IX. 401 fiueaUaquieuiirdtio,dum n m^uellatiMfitdatic�bhpercorollariiimffnbsp;undecimifUclref�ratunitatem, cr b c,numerumcubitiufdemritionitgt;nbsp;(id datum cub�nbsp;pers.librinoni,nbsp;5 er ��. crir.

fexti,crit utroa uif mododemotinbsp;�ratum t h. U�nbsp;tm effecubi,ad MES O*nbsp;datucubumean labq �g/tanbsp;dent ution�ha- i-rf,nbsp;bentiifCr�diinbsp;inuefliganduranbsp;tio perpetu� i�nbsp;uniaerfunu^ tr4nbsp;dita, Cuiuf perlt;*nbsp;indede geome�nbsp;tried difciplittdnbsp;H Itacp Archie

ignorantiam, ApoUouifus e� ordculo exprohra�e. tas cyijndrorum defcripn'onibus,] Erato�henesept�ola ad Ptosnbsp;lemitum dit,Architam Tarettttnumiper hemicylindros denion�rabiliternbsp;quidcm de�cripfiffeiuerumlut id fub manum duceretur, in ufum^ caderet,nbsp;netttiquam aff�qui pottuffe. Quareiinflrumenlum ipfc�rmauit,quod(ttbnbsp;fi �dlor)hoc locoiMefolabium Vitruuitu appellat, ut hoc loco fer iben�nbsp;dum�t,hemicylindrorut)t,cx Pratoflhene cr tpfo Archita,refiretite ��nbsp;tocio Afcalonifa,loco�nobis fupra memorato.

Cum hfc fin tram magnts dodrinarum iucunditaribus ani quot; maduerfa;amp;cogamiirnaturaliterp'niiention�busf�ngiilar5nbsp;rcrumc�l�dcranfeseffediis,moueri;mukasrcsatrendens,adnbsp;mironenam Detnocrinde rerum naturaiiolumina,amp;einsnbsp;J commcntarium,quod infcribicur )(^ii�CTtivHT!gt;'v,in quo'ctiam utcnbsp;batiir annulOjfignansccratx milto,qu�cflcc cxpcrtus.Ergo/nbsp;eorum uirorum cogitaca, n� folum ad morescorrigendos,nbsp;fedetiam'ad omnium urilitatem/perperuofunrpr�parara.nbsp;Atliletarum autem nobilicatesfbrcuiipacio'cumfuiscorporinbsp;�e

bus fenefcunt.Itac^ nec� cum maxime funt florentes,ncc� pogt; fteritate,ne(^inftitudsdii,queraadmodum i�pientum cogitiinbsp;ta, hominu uic�i'prodeiTe poffunr.Cum uero/nec� moribus,nbsp;necjinftitutiafcriprorum pr�ftandbustribuanturhonores,nbsp;ipf� a�t per fe mentcs'acris aldora profpicientes, memorialnbsp;rumgradibusadc�lum elar�,�uo immortali/nonmodonbsp;(cntendas, fed etiamfiguraseorum poftcriscoguntcflenoiiinbsp;tas.Iracj�qui literarum iucunditadbus inftruftas habent mennbsp;ies,non polTunt non in fuis peAoribus dedicatum habere, fi^nbsp;cud deorum,ficSgt;C Ennij poet�ff�mulacrum. Accij autem carnbsp;minibus qui ftudiofe dclelt;Sancur,non modo uerborum uir#nbsp;tuteSjfed etiam figuram eius/uidentur fecum habcrepr�fen�nbsp;tem.Iccm plures poft noftram memoriam nafcenteSjCum Lunbsp;credo uidebuntur,uelutcoram,de rerum natura/difpuareXnbsp;dcarte ueroRhetorica/cumCicerone : multi pofterorumKUnbsp;Varrone conf�rentfermonemde linguaLatina.Non minus lnbsp;etiam plures Philologi, cum Grgeorum fapiendbus mulca denbsp;liberantesjfecrctoscum hisiuidebuntur habere i�rmones. Etnbsp;adfummam,fapientium feriptorum fententi�/corporibusnbsp;abfendbusuetuftateflorenteSjCuminfunt inter confiliaamp;di#nbsp;fputadones,maioreshabenr,quam pr�fendumfunt,authonbsp;ritaresomnes.Itac5(C3efar/hisauthoribiisfretus,fenfibuseo�nbsp;rum adhibidsiamp; coni�lifs,ea uolumina confcripfi, priori^nbsp;bus feptem de aedificijs,olt;ftauo/de aquis,in hoode gnomonigt;nbsp;cis radonibus,quemadmodum ej, radijs folis/in mundo funtnbsp;per umbram gnomonis inuent�, quibuscj radonibus dila^nbsp;Kntur,aut contrahantur, explicabo,

I Quod inferibitur )(amp;^OTQVHKTOV^}Scr�bendum j^e�OT�VKTOir, tdejlifekfldrum rtrum commentdriui.Pliniui tib.i4..cap.i7. chirocine^nbsp;td uocdtiDiogenes LdertiiK lib.�).in etus uitd,chernkd /tue problemdtd. Knbsp;Signans cera ex M ilro. ] idcl�minidtuld cerd, ut loquitur Cicero ddnbsp;Atticuinhbroi^Mi�Top enimGrttcifuocant minium, te�ePlittiolib. ?}.�nbsp;'flt;�.7,V�df Hcweroi/wd.a.dicuntur v�iS/t.i�TO7c^^Hoi^nducshaben*nbsp;tespi�dS

DE ARCHITEC LIB. IX. 40J tes pi�ldi m!nio,t(ut rubriam inlerprctatifunt.l�iaiculiforylpiMo Pannbsp;�e�l. Itamp;.js, dc operii libertor(�n,dicitur, qui mitiiowaiufculas ligt;.erif,autnbsp;tiufmodialiquidpingit, L Non minus cn'ampluies Philolo�nbsp;gicum-] Lf�Mwen(l(t,prophilo!ogi,cum, diftinilts di�HottibuStQj�attnbsp;tem effent pbilologi, dixi in Pro�mio kb. 6^

CE GNOMONICIS RATIONIBVS, EX RADI� � folss per umbram inuentis,crmundo!ai'c^ planet is.

ik T7 Aautemfiintdiui'namente comparata,habentcgadmi7 Jtiitium�in B _Lymagnamconfiderantibus,quodumbragno^ briix�nbsp;monis�quinodialisalia magnicudine eft Athenis, alia Alegt;nbsp;xandri�,alia/Rom�, non cadem Placend�, c�reriscjorbisnbsp;terrarum locis.Iracfilongc aliter diftantdefcriptioneshorolonbsp;giorum,locorum mutationibus. Vmbrarumenim �quino#nbsp;ftialium magnitudinibus/del�gnantur analemmatorum for-na3e,exquibus)perf�ciuntur,ad rationem locorum,amp;umbr�nbsp;gnomonum horarum deferiptiones. Analemma, eft rationbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;,

conquifitafoliscurfu£umbr�crefcenris,abrum3eob(�ruagt; � tioneinuenta,e quaiper rationes architeftonicas'circinicp degt;nbsp;C lcriptiones,eftinucntuscl�e(ftusin mundo. Mundusautem'nbsp;cft omnium natiir� rcrum conceptio ftimma, ccvlumcj fydenbsp;ribusconformatum.Id uoluiturcontinenter'circum terrainnbsp;atcj marc,pcr axis cardines extremos.Namcp in bis locis/na#nbsp;turalis poteftasita arebitedata cft, coHocauitcp cardines'tan#nbsp;quam ccntra,un�'3 terra amp;a marijn fummo mundo,acpoftnbsp;ipfas ftellas Septenrrionum; Alterum/trans contra fub terranbsp;in meridianis partibus;ibicp'circum cos cardines orbiculos,nbsp;tanquam circum centra ,ut)n rorno pcrfecir,quigr�ccTrcXMnbsp;nominantur,per quos'pcruolitatfcmpircrno crelum . Itamc 'nbsp;dia terra c� mari, ccntriloco!naturab'rer cft collocara.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;His

natura difpofitis, ita uti feptentrionali partc'a terra cxceli�us liabeataltitudinecentrum,in nieridiana autem parterinferionbsp;ribus lods fubiedum/a terra obfcuretur.runc ctiam per mc^nbsp;dium, tranfuerfa 5i inclinata in meridic jcirculi dclata zona�

404 M. V�TRVVn POLL, duodecimfigniseft conformata,qu� comm fpecics ftellisnbsp;difpo�tisjduodecim pardbusper�quatis, exprimitdepiftamnbsp;a natura figurationem. Itacgilucentia cum mundo reliquoc�nbsp;fydcrum ornatu/ci'rc� tcrram raarccjperuolanria,curfus pernbsp;ficiunt�dcccli rotunditatem.Omnia autemjuifitata SiC inuifigt; Inbsp;tatafcemporumncceflitudine funt conftituta,ex quibusifexnbsp;figna numero, fupra terramrum ccelo peruagantur : caetera �nbsp;fub terram fubeuniia, ab eius umbrafobfeurantur. Scxaugt;nbsp;tern ex his femper fupra terram nituntur � Quanta pars eniinnbsp;nouiffimi fignideprefl�on�coafta uerfatione fubicnsfub tergt;nbsp;ramtoccultatur,tantundem)eiuscontrari3cuerfati'onis necefgt;nbsp;fitate fuppreffa -, rotatione circumaftairans e locis non patennbsp;tibus amp; obfeuris'egreditur ad lucem Namcjiuis u na amp; nc�nbsp;cefl�tas'utrumcj f�mul orientem Si oeddentem perf�cit. Ea aunbsp;Xij, tem figna cum fint numero xtj. partescj duodecimasif�ngulanbsp;poffideant mundi,uerfcnrurc^ ab oriente ad occidentem con#nbsp;lincter, tundper ca figna cotrario curfu Luna,flclla Mercurq,nbsp;VencriSjtpfe Sol,itcmlt;j Martis, Si louis. Si Saturni ; ut pernbsp;graduum afeenfionem percurrentes , alius/alia circuitionisnbsp;magnitudine'ab occidente ad orientemi'n mundo peruagan Knbsp;tur.LunaidieodauoSiuigefimOjSiampliuscirciterhora, Lnbsp;coeli circuitionem percurrcns,ex quo c�perit figno ire, ad idnbsp;- I fignum reuertendo,pcrfidt lunarem menfem .Sol autc/figninbsp;� fpacium,quod eft duodecimapars mundi,mcnfe uertentc uinbsp;dens tranfit : ita duodecim menfibusduodccim fignorum in#nbsp;tcrualla pcruagando , cum redit ad id fignum unde c�perit^nbsp;pcrficit fpacium uertentis anni. Ex co , quern circulum/Luna /jjnbsp;terdccies in duodecim menfibuspercurritjcfiSolijfdem mennbsp;libuSilemel permctitur.Mercurii autemiSi V encris ftell�,cir#nbsp;cum Solis radioSjSolcm ipium,uti ccntrum,itineribus coronbsp;nantes,regrcflusretrorfum5i retardationes faciunt.Etiamnbsp;ftationibus, propter cam circinationcm, morannir in fpacifsnbsp;SfcDrfVes fignorum. IdautemStaclTemaximecognofciturex Venenbsp;BWW. ris ftclla,quod ea cum Solem fequatur, poft occafum eius apnbsp;parensin coelo,clarilfimccj lucens, Vefperugo uodtaturinbsp;alijsautS temporibuscum antecurrens,Sioricns ante luccm,nbsp;Lucifer

Lucifer appcilafur. Ex eocj nonnunquam plures dies in uno figno coramorantur,aliastelerius ingrcdiuntur inalcerumnbsp;fignum.Itac�quod non aeque pcragunt numerum dierumlinnbsp;fingulis fignis,quantum funtmoratae prius, tranfiliendo celenbsp;��ioribusitineribusperficiuntiuftumcurfum.Itaefl�citur,urinbsp;quod demorenrur in nonnullis fignis nihilominus/cum cri^nbsp;piunt fea neceffitace morae, celeriter conicquantur iuftam cir

Iq cuitionc. Iter aurem in mundo/MercurijftcUaitaperuolirat, ia.ercllir^ utitrecentcfimoamp;fexagefimo die per fignorum ipaciacurgt;nbsp;rens,perueniatad id fignum, ex quo'priorccirculationccoe#nbsp;pitfacerccurfumtamp;itaper�quatureius iter,utcircircrtricegt;nbsp;nos dies,in fingulis fignis habeat numeri rationem. Venerisnbsp;autem .cum eft liberata ab impeditione radiorum fob's, xxx.

diebus percurrit figni ipacium,quo minus quadragenos dicsi in fingulis fignis patitur, cum iiationem fccerir,refticuit earnnbsp;O fumm� numeriin uno figno morata.Ergo tot�circuirionemnbsp;inc�lo, quadringentcfimo/amp; o�ogefimo amp; quinto die peri�nbsp;menfa, iterumiin id fignum redit, ex quo figno/prius iter fa^nbsp;cerecoepif. Martisueroicirciterfexccntefimoodogefimoter�nbsp;tio dicfyderum fpacia peruagandojperuenit co ,ex quoinitigt;nbsp;Um faciendo/curfum fecerat ante: amp; in quibus fignis�eleriusnbsp;percurrit cum ftationem fecit, explet dier� numeri rationem.nbsp;louisautem/placidioribusgradibus icandenscontramundi touit�nbsp;uerfationem,circiter(trecentis fexagintaquincj diebusfingu#nbsp;la figna permetitur,amp; confiftit per annos xi. amp; dies trecentos;nbsp;fexaginta tres,amp; redit in id fignum,in quo;antextj, annos fuenbsp;Q^rat. Saturni uero,menfibus undetriginta^amp;ampliuspaucis

diebus, peruadens per figni fpacium , anno nono 5C uigefigt; mo, circiter diebus clx. in quo ante tricefimo fuerat ano/in idnbsp;reft{tuifur:exco(^quo minus ab extremo diftatmundo,tan#nbsp;to maiQrem circinationS rot� percurrendo'tardior uidetur.

A Eaautcmfuntdiuinamente comparata.] QUlt;efuperiont funt tria cdpita,uidentur pars tffe Prooemij. Hoc autctnlibriinitium, Bnbsp;Quod umbragnomonis jquinoftialisalia magnitudine eft

Athenis.] Spe�latifludjudhorologiorum rationem,ut wJr4Clt;l(gt;.s� C Mundus autcm/cftomnium narur� rerum/conceptiofumanbsp;ma.] JAunduncuiutcircumflexuteguntttrcunUdj dper��iiabfolutd^nbsp;e'.egiinttii ltd appclldtuf,ut Gnecis Kigt;lt;rpLO3, alio nomine ctlum dicitur, inbsp;c�laitdo, defcripto ctrculo,lt;juifigntjir uocdturJnduodecimdnimnUa/ntnbsp;tffig'es,Mfiorc[tPltniMhb,i,cap,4, AlijspUcetidconcduitatedidum^nbsp;ttdm KOiAopj id eft quod concduum, Id Ld�rtiut Diogenes ait cffc fph^e�nbsp;rum uohibikm,^ immenfum te�um, MercuriusTrifmegiftHS in Piman�nbsp;dro.Alcinottshb. dedodrina P!dtonis,Iamblichus lib.demyfterijs, Synbsp;ne/iuslib.defownijs,lrdduntlAundum effianimdl. D Id uoluitin*nbsp;continentcr/circum terram. ] Vnde cy tetheruocatufcft^bgtcr^nbsp;no cr irrcquicto ambitu^qua/t ctsi Qiup.id eftfemper currens-.qua in/cttnbsp;tcntiautdco�iftc Ariftotele. Alij a'te tS ��i htoi ^/S^pLO-tvep,nbsp;ideft dlimpercdlc�ciedo. E Pcraxiscardinescxtremos.Ja^w^nbsp;Ko'lt;rpLV,inquit,Proclusnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;h/j Sf�lt;tgt;iTou,Axistuun

F Alterum trans/contrafubterra.] Duriufculumloquendige^ nus . G Ibique circum eoriim cardmum orbicuJos. ] Scrtbonbsp;ctrcum eos cardines .QUod:Su!pitianus codex dgnofcit,utfjtfcnfHS.Per^nbsp;fecit ctrcum axis car dines,id eft ext remds partes, cr ucluti cncdaces, or^nbsp;licu�os,qui � Grtecisgt;es'o7sot uocantur^quaft dicas uertices, quid in cis'xoenbsp;lumperpetu�u(rtdtur,quemadmodumtornt(sindrmt�is. Alijau^ioresnbsp;dicunt/cce^um ctrcum axem uoltit,iuius extrema duo pundtauocenturpo*nbsp;li,qii4efenientMtrcceptdprobataq; eft. H QuiGra'cc/croAo/ncminbsp;nanrur.perquosperuolitat] Datinlsterticcsdixerunt,utvirgil.trnbsp;Georg.PliniusIib.i.cap.tf.�r a�ftGrifcosimitait quiiroAovsa-etoMa,nbsp;ideft uerto. Poli duo funt,ar(�icus,zy antar�icusfiueauftraliS' t Om*nbsp;niaautemuifitata^inuifitata.] Quteuidentur'crnontiidentur�nbsp;Apuleius lib,4.deafino,dictt ncdlem w�taiam/ro con/fitd�d.Ciceroau*nbsp;temin

DS AR.CHITEC. Li�, IX. 407 tem in Omtione deAruf^icum rcjpon/ts, inuifa,pro non ui fa. Fulgentiusnbsp;libMythologittrum de Cupidine loquens/aduentante ad Pfychen, inuif� adnbsp;ucrbio ufui^ipro inui/tbiliter, ut inuifcfinquitytefpertinuiaduencrat.Knbsp;Ab occidenteadorientcminmundoperuaganrur.] Omniumnbsp;trrantiumfyderu!n,td c/l planetarummeatui,contrarium mundo curfaminbsp;agere,id eil beuum [emperiillo in dextrcram priccipid, tradit Pliniuf libranbsp;z.cap.s. ubi notabiylt;eHum appcllari orientalem mundi partem^dextrum lt; �nbsp;occidentem.Contraiqu�m Geographorumftcplacitis traditum, tp/isfcili^ jnbsp;cft contrrfrMratione utentibui^ V Lunafdie oAaiio amp; uigefimo�nbsp;amp;(.amplius circitcr hora.]. Pliniui lib.z.cap.�- fieriait^uicenisdie�nbsp;budfeptenis^iyCrtertia diei parte. iXartiaivM Capella libro s. uiginti fe�nbsp;ptem diebustty-beffe. Ca�iodorM lib. Variarum �. triginta diebus.fednbsp;pruefiatide planetarum curfu uerba re�rre, Saturnin (, inquit) annis trianbsp;g^nta'iconftituta fibic�'t/fiacia'peruagatur ; Stellalouisiduodecimannis'nbsp;attributam fibi regionem i�uflrat i Martis fydusfignea celeritate rapta^nbsp;turn,decern Ztr oHo men/ibusideputatafibidifcurritiSolianni jpacio Zoanbsp;diaci circuli figna'prteteruolatiAfirum Veneris, menfibus qutndecimffiinbsp;ciaconcefifa tranfcendit:Mercurius,uelocitate fucciniilus, tredeeim menanbsp;pbusipropo/ita�bi interuallaipneteruehit, Luna/peculiari nobis uicinitanbsp;te proximior,triginta diebus peragit,quod UnnijjiacioiSol aureus circum*nbsp;aHusimpleuerit.Vfq; huc'Ca�iodorus. ratiociniomagis[ubtiliutunnbsp;tur,ex Ptolemieo,A!�nfi^ tabulis, Sati^no tribuut diesdecies mille feptinnbsp;gentos quadragintafex, id eflannos uigintinouem, dies centumquinquct�nbsp;gintaquatuor,zy boras fire quinque ; lou�diesquater mille trecentositri*nbsp;ginta GT unumfid ejl^annos undecim, dies tercentum'Gy tredecim,e:y boanbsp;rasfir�quatuorde�im :Martildies fexcentos oiloginta fieptemicr horamnbsp;unam,id ell annum unum, dies trecentosiGr uigintiunum,horas decern crnbsp;nouem,zy minuta fir� decern tSolt diesttrecentosfcxaginta quinque ^horasnbsp;quinc^iet minuta fir� quadragintanouem ; Venen totidem, Mercurio totianbsp;demiLume^diesuigintifeptem, boras feptem^or minuta fir� quadragin*nbsp;tit. Nc(]^ tarnen exifiimandum eft�lanetam�cuti hominem aut firmicam/nbsp;perfemoueri;ita enimiquafiauisa�rem,aut pifiislaquam pcnetrandonbsp;fumperetiquod db incorruptibili eft corpore alienum; fed mouetur ab oranbsp;be qiioddm diftmilo, �y (id id deftinatoftn orientemialioquiniimpetu pn*.nbsp;mima�

4oS M. VITRVVII POLL. mimotutmouelur�doccidentem, M Pcrficitfpaciutnucrtcntf�nbsp;anni, ] Solifficut rdi^uorum planetarumimeatus duplex eft. Altera,nbsp;quotief ab ortu in occafumlcum tnundo corripiuntur; Alteraipfi fuum cirnbsp;culum contra mundum perficiunt. Solitaque/ccclxii. diebusnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;^uadran*

te�re,id e� annuo f^acio/curfum fuum peragit. SolemOrpheuf in hynte ni{,K�(r/ji.ou ofJi/Jt.ot,id e� mundi oculu uocat. Ambrofuslprteter id,iucuHnbsp;ditatemdiei,ty�coelipulchritudin� lib,4gt;(�ip.tgt;Hexameronappellia. Nnbsp;In mundo/Mercurij ftella] Proximum Veneriyl�ercuri] fydus au�nbsp;fiorePltniolib.i-cap.T.aquibifdamappcllatumApollmiSfinfiriorectr�nbsp;culo�rtur nouem diebuf ocyore ambitu, modo ante Solw exortum,modonbsp;po�occafum�gt;lendens,nunquam ab eo^uigintipartAusremotior. O Ernbsp;goitotam circuitioncm in coelo (quadringenrefimo] Scribitnbsp;Plinius memorata loco, Venerem�gni�ri ambttum peragere tricenitnbsp;duode^uinquagenif diebm, ab Sole numjuam alft�ente partibusfex atlt;^nbsp;guadragintalongiuf, P louis autem placidioribusgradibusnbsp;fcandens color] Typographi negligentia pro contra fcriptumn� co�nbsp;lor. Tradit autem Plinius di�o loco, louts circulum/circumagt duodenisnbsp;annis^ Saturniucro. ] SaturnuStquemGrteciPh^enonauocant,nbsp;fummum e�e fydut,cr maxima ambire circulo^ac trigelimo anno ad bre�nbsp;iii�ima fec�s �oe principia regredi certimi e�e,tradit Plinius.

Hi autem qui fupra fplis iter circinationcs peragunt,maxigt; R me cum in trigono fucrinq quod is inierir, turn hon progrc# -diunrur,ied regreiTus faciencesfhiorantur, donicum idem fol ' *nbsp;deco trigono in aliud fignumtran�tionem fccerit. Id autem'nbsp;nonnullis fie fieri placet, quod ait,folem(cum longiusabfitnbsp;abftantia quadam, non lueidis itineribus erranria per ea fygt;nbsp;deratobfeurarismorationibusimpediri. Nobis ucroidnonnbsp;uidetur. Solisenim fplendorperfpicibilis amp; parens fine ulltsnbsp;obfeurationibuseftperomnem mundum,utetiam nobis apnbsp;parer,cum faciunt cae ftell� rcgreiruffamp; morationes. Ergo'finbsp;tantis intcruallis/noftra fpecies poteft id animaducrtcrc,quidnbsp;itadiuinitatibus fplcndoribusc� aftrorum/iudieamusobfciinbsp;ritatesobijcipofle Ergo/potius ea ratio nobis conftabir,nbsp;quod feruor,quemadniodum omnes res,euoca( amp; ad fe du^nbsp;cit(ut

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. IX. 40p cit(utetiamfrudusiexterra furgentes in altirudinemper�ainbsp;T lorem uidemus, non minus aqu� uaporesa fontibus ad nu#nbsp;V besiper arcus,excitari)eadem ratione;folisimpetus uehemcns/nbsp;radijs trigoni forma porredis, infequentcs ftellas ad feperdunbsp;cit,amp; ante currentes,ueluti refrenando'rctinendolt;�,non pangt;nbsp;tur progrcdi, fed ad Ce cogit rcgredi, amp; in alterius trigoninbsp;gnum ciTc. Fortaffe defiderabitur,quid ita fol quinto a fenbsp;Ggno, potius quam fccundoeut tertio, qu� funt propiora,nbsp;faciat'inhisferuoribusirctentiones. Ego/quemadmodum idnbsp;fieri uideatur^exponam.Eius radij in mundo ,uti trigoniparinbsp;bus lateribus forma, lineationibusextenduntur: id aut5(necnbsp;plusnecminuseftiadquintum ab cofigno.Igiturfiradijpernbsp;omnem mundum fufitircinationibusuagarentur,nc(^extcnnbsp;tionibus porredi/ad trigoni form am linearentur, propioranbsp;flagrarent. Id autem/etiam Euripides Gr�corum pocta/anigt;nbsp;maducrtiffe uidetur, aitcnim, qu�ilongius afoleeffent, h�c/nbsp;uehementius arderc,propiora ueroicotempcrata habereu'tacginbsp;fcribit in fabula Phaetonte fie, ksIu t�! Tro'/fu,t� \-yfw

Si ergo'res/amp; ratioiSc tcftimonium podae ueteris'id oftendit, non puto/alitcr oporterc iudicari, nifi quemadmodum de eanbsp;refupra fcriptum habemus.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;louis autem (inter Martis amp;

Saturnicircinationemcurrens,maiorcm quam Mars, mfno rem quam Saturnusperuolatcurfum.Itcm reliquf fiellf,quonbsp;maiore abfunt fpacioab extremo c�lo,proximamc� habentnbsp;terrxcircinationem,celerius percurrere uidentur, quod qu�gt;nbsp;cuncp earumiminorc circinarionem peragens, Qpius fubiens/nbsp;pr�teritfuperiorcm. Qiiemadmodumlfiin rota ,quafigulinbsp;Utuntur,impofitae fuerint feptem formic�,cana!esq? totidemnbsp;in rotafadi finticircum centrum in imo^accrefcentesad cxtrenbsp;mum,in quibus hae cogantur circinarionem facerc,uerfetur#nbsp;que rota'in alteram partem,neceffe erit eas'contra rot� uerlanbsp;tioneminihil minus aduerfus itinera perficere, amp; quae proxi^nbsp;mum centrum habueritfcelerius peruagari, qu�cj extrcmSnbsp;orbem rotae pcraget,etiam fi aeque ccleriter ambuler,propternbsp;magnitudinS circinationis'multo tardius perficerecurfum inbsp;Similiter aftranitentia contra mundi curfum, fuis iiineribusnbsp;Ff

410 M. VITRVVII POLL, perficiuntcircuitumjfed cccli ucrfationeTedundationibus renbsp;fcruntur quoddiana tempon's circuladone * Efle autemnbsp;alias ftellasftemperacasjaliasferuentes, etiamcj frigidas, haecnbsp;efle caufauidecur; quod omnisignis/infuperiora loca habetnbsp;fcandentem flammam. Ergo Sol/�thera ,qui eft fupra fe,ra^nbsp;drjsexurensiefFicit candentem,in quibuslocis)liabetcuriumnbsp;Martisftena,itacf)feruensabardore fob's efRcitur.Saturni aunbsp;iem,quod eft proxima extreme mundo, tangirc^congelatasnbsp;c�li regiones,uehementereftfrigida, Exeo/Iouis,cum inter Ynbsp;utriusc� circuitiones habcat curfum, a refrigeratione caloreigt;nbsp;que corum mediojconuenientesltemperatiifimostj habere uinbsp;detur effeAus. De zona. xij. fignorum,amp;feptemaftrorum,nbsp;contrario�^ eorum opereac curfu,quibusrarionibus amp; nugt;nbsp;merisltranfcunt ex fignis in figna, �i circuitum fuum perficigt;nbsp;ant,uti a pr�ceptoribus accept,expofui: nunede crefeenti lu^nbsp;mine Lun�, diminutionec^, uti traditum eft nobis a maiori^nbsp;bus,dicam. Berofus,qui/aChaldforum ciuitateGuenationdnbsp;progreffusin AGam,amp; diiciplinam patcfecitjitaeftprofeftiis,nbsp;pilam effe/ex dimidia parte candentem, reliqua habere/c�ru^nbsp;leocolore. Cum autem curfum irincris fui peragenszfubgt;nbsp;iret orbcm fob's, tunccam/radii's,amp;impetucaloris/corripf,nbsp;conuerti($ candentem,propter ciusproprietatemluminis adnbsp;lumen. Cum autem ea/cuocata ad fob's orbes/fuperiora fpeigt;nbsp;ftetjtunc'inferiorem partem eius,quod candens non Gr,pro^nbsp;pter a�ris Gmib'tudinem lobfeuram uideri ;cum ad perpendigt;nbsp;culum extetad eius radios,totum lumen ad fupcriorem fpOnbsp;dem retincri ,amp;tunc/eam uocari primam. Cum pr�teriens/nbsp;uaditad orientis c�li partes; reJaxari ab impetu fob's, extremnbsp;mamejeius partem candentiae ,oppido quam tenui bneajadnbsp;terram mittere fplendorem, amp; ita/ex co earn fecunda uocari.nbsp;QuotidianaautcLicrfarionisremiflione, tcrti�,quartam in^nbsp;dies numerari;feptimo die/fol c5 Gtad occidentem, luna autc'nbsp;inter orient� amp; ocddent�/medias c�li teneat regiones, quodnbsp;dimidia partet�li fpacio diftet a fole,itcm dimidiam candennbsp;ti�'conuerfam habere ad terram, Inter f�lem uero amp; lugt;nbsp;pamicum diftet tocG mundifpaciumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;lun^o^^ntis orbem

DB ARCHITEC. LIB. IX. 411 fol retrofpiciens,cum tran�tad occidentem, earniquodloHi�nbsp;gius abfic a radijs rcmiflam, quartadecima die|gt;Iena rotatornbsp;tius orbis mitrere fplendorem, rcliquosc� dies/decrcfcennanbsp;quotidianafadperfedioncm lunaris menfis,uerfadonibus/amp;nbsp;CLirfu a foie reuocationibus,fiibire rota, radiosc� eiiisetianinbsp;menftruas dierum efficcre rationes .Vti autem Ariftarchu�nbsp;Samius/mathematfcus,uigorcmagno/rationesuarietatis(dtgt;nbsp;fciplinisdeeadem reliquir,cxponam. Noenim latcr,Lunam/nbsp;fuum propriumcj no habere lumen, fed efle uti fpeculum, S�nbsp;a Solis impetu/Tecipere fplendorem. Namcj Lunadefeptemnbsp;aftriscirculumproximumterr�i�'ncurfibiis minimum per# �nbsp;uagatur.Itacj/quotmenfibusifub rotam iblisradioscf'primonbsp;dicantequam pr�terit|latensobfcuratur,amp; quoniameftcumnbsp;fole,noua uocatur ; poftero autg die, quolnumeratur fecun#nbsp;dapraeteriens a foie, uilitationem facit tenuem/extrem� ro#nbsp;tundationis. Cum triduum receflit a foie, crefcit/amp; plusillu#nbsp;minatur; quotidieuero difcedens/cum peruenitad diem feptinbsp;mum, diftans a foleoccidentecirciter mediasc�li regiones,nbsp;dimidialucet,amp;:eius/qu�adfolem parsfpcclat,ea*cfti!luminbsp;nata.Quarto autem decimo die, cum in diametro fpacio to#nbsp;tius mundi/abfit afole, perficitur plena, amp; oritur/cum fol fitnbsp;adoccidentem ,idco/quod totum fpacium mundi diftans/conbsp;fiftit contra, amp;c impetu folis/totius orbis in fe recipit fplendo#nbsp;rem.Septimodccimo die/cum Sol oritur, ca/preffaeft ad oeci '/nbsp;dentem, uigefimo �C altero die/c� fol eft exortus, Lunatenetnbsp;circitcr medias coeliregiones,amp; id quod fpeftat adiblcm,ha#nbsp;betlucidum,in reliquis/obicura.Itemquotidie curium facietinbsp;do,circiter oftauo Si uigefimo die/fu bit radios folis,amp;ita/nbsp;bb menftruas perficit rationes.Nunc/utinfingulismenfibusfolnbsp;figna peruadens, auget(amp; minuit dierum �i horarum ipacia,nbsp;dicam.

R Maxime cum in trigonofuerint,quod is inerit.] Sunt ontninoiquiituor d]jgt;e�iuHmgen�rd,quodialibi tefldtifumiu^trigoniK, te*nbsp;trdgonut, hexdgonuf,amp; dduerfm [ex�gnis, Q^i ^hnctd diftdt db dlio,'nbsp;if

inter uallo fignorum quatuor ,eumidicemut alter um'trigono rej^ikere, trianguliq; �gura notari fokt � A : Si diliabittrium fignorum)j)acio,te�nbsp;tragonum dKemut,quddrdtiqi forma cffingitur ; � Si abierit /tgnortimnbsp;duorum interuallo,hexdgonum uocabimtuiaflerifco quidem notatum. iC!nbsp;Oppofitumfex f�gnis,f�ue diametralem, notamui�gno odonarij name�nbsp;ri. �fi itaq}trigonuifit!interual�ointerduo!planetafizo.partium;te*nbsp;tragonus'�oihexagonus'SoiOppofitioiiSo, nam totus circumfcriptionknbsp;ambitus:eft partium sso.Saturnus, lupiier, Mars,crLuna^� Solefigurifnbsp;diftare poffunt omnibus, Venus le^ mercurius nu�a. Kercurius quideinnbsp;(ert� cum plurim� abeft,parttbus ftr� quinquaginta diftat.viguram aftie^

Plin�us lib,t,cap. radium folisiimmifjum cau� nubirepulfaacie in So* lemrefta�lumfColorim^uarietatemimixtura nubium,aeris, ignium^ft^nbsp;ri, Hifi Sole aduerfo non fieri,nec unquam, ttifidimidia circuit ftrma, necnbsp;no^u,nec unquam plures ftmulqu�m duos gt; De Irinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;apud Nicepbo*

rttw Blemidem libro Heteor � cr Ariftotelem libro f. eiufdem arguments Signum eft autempluuiie, Valerius flaccus Argonauticonlibro, 4.

V Solisimpetusuehem�s,radijs/trigoniforma'porredus.] Scribendum ejfeporre�is fexto cafUi argum�to efl quod poftea fequitur.nbsp;inquit enim,Bius radij in mundo/uti trigoni pardgt;us lateribus firma, linednbsp;tionibusextenduntur, X Ka'aTaTO'�^jOjTaJ'�Tyus�uKjocTnbsp;�deftjitritlonginqua,propinquauer()temperat. Y �xeolouistun�nbsp;inter utriufcj circui tiones habeat curfum. ] Hoc dixit lib.

DB �RCHITEC. LIB. IX. 415 �dp.i.IoKM induit �elUinter Viitrtisfiruenti�imdm,(^ Saturnifrigidi�i�nbsp;iMttmMeJidcutrenf^temperalur^ Z DeZonaxij.fignorum.j Zonbsp;didcum�ue�gni�rdmzonitmjdppe�dt Maniliusbaltheutncf' fifcidnt^nbsp;eiuffuntuerbd,

Sed nitet�ngentifleUdtUiidltbeus orbe^ in�gnem^ �dt c�ldto lumine mundum,nbsp;Etter uiceitdf pdrtes pdtetttt^ trecentdtnbsp;Jn longtim,bis fexddtefeit fifcid pdrtes.

eld Non cnimlater,Lunamfuum propriumejnon habere lumen. ] Pr�fer dlios omnes,Plimui lib,^ cdp,$� d/Jerit�^undm in toanbsp;tum mutttdtdd Sok luce:fi(tgere,tdntum^ exfe terriso/iendere, qudntunt 1nbsp;ex Sokipfd concipidt.HinciHud Ciceronisin fomnioScipionis,Vltimdclt;enbsp;lo, citimd terri^lucc lucebdt dliend - Sed quid prohibet i�udfex Gr�coxnbsp;rumLdtinorum^ comentdrijs dddere,l,un� incoitueffe�ue�kredicifnbsp;qudndo in eddem pdrte erit in qud Sol, Vdrro intermenflruum, Eirmicufnbsp;lAdternmfynodicdm, dlij interluniumuocdnt:Gcniturdmuer�Lunieinanbsp;tel�igi,cumdSoledbe�pdrtestf ,OrtUM,cumdbe�pdrteSio� fd-ovoe^nnbsp;fiue corniculdtimidut curudtdm in cornud,cum dbe� pdrtes �o, fexdnguanbsp;tam^�citmundiddSolem �gurdm,S^ia.ro/xQp�ue^txoTop.op, ide�nbsp;dtuidudm�uetequd portionediuifdm, cum dberit pdrtes $o- quddrdngu*nbsp;Idm^ e�ieit cum Solefigurdm,�/JLlt;^'ult;.v^op�ue dimidio orbe rndiorem�nbsp;cum izo.pdrtesd Sokdb�ierit,zy tridnguld�c� mundiddipfum�gurdmtnbsp;Ttavo'^XKVo/jjiei e��nudtdm in orbem gt; �ue plenum, cum e� in didmetronbsp;cumSok,dbefl^iso,partes^ bb SolfignaperfuadensJ Edcilee�nbsp;cuiuis'emenddreperuadens.pro perfuddens,

A T S namc^tfum Arietis fignum init, amp; partem ot�auam per I uagatur,perficit3equino�:ium uernumzeumprogrediturnbsp;ad caudamTauri,fyduscfVergiliarum,equibus/eminet digt;nbsp;midia pars prior Tauri,in maius fpacium mundi quam di#nbsp;JXiidium'procurritjprocedens ad feptentrionalcm partem.

E Tauro/cum i'ngrcditur in Geminos, exorientibus Vergi# lijs m agis crefcit fupra tcrram,amp; auget fpacia dierum : dein#nbsp;de^ Geminis citm init ad Cancrum ,qui breuiffimum tenetnbsp;CCeli fpacium,cum periienit in partem oAauam,perficit foliMnbsp;tiale tempus: amp;pergens/peruenit ad caput amp; peftus Leonis,nbsp;quod e� partes/Cancro funt attribut^. Ex peftore autcm Le#nbsp;onisi�cfinibusCancri, Solis exitus percurrens reliquas par#nbsp;tesLconis,imminuitdieimagnitudincm/amp;circinationis,rc#nbsp;ditcf in Geminorum sequalem curfum. Tuncuero/a Leonenbsp;tranfiens in V irginem, progredienscpad finum ucftis eius,c5nbsp;trahit circinationem,amp;: aequat eamiquam Taurus habet cur#nbsp;fusrationcm. E Virgine autem progrediensper �num ,quinbsp;finus Libr� partes habet primas, in Libr� parceoAaua perilnbsp;cit �quinoftium autumnalc, qui curfus/aequat eamcircina#nbsp;tionem,qu�fucratin Arietis figno.Scorpioncm autem cumnbsp;fol ingreffus fucrit toccidentibus Vergilijs, minuit/progre#nbsp;diens ad meridianas partesdongitudinesdierum.E Scorpio#nbsp;ne/cum percurrendo init in Sagittarium ad feemina eius, connbsp;tradiorem diurnum peruolat curfum. Cum autem incipit anbsp;foeminibus Sagittarij, quae pars eft attribura Capricorno,adnbsp;partem odauara, breuiffimum coeli pcrcurrit fpacium � Exnbsp;eo/abreuitatcdiurna,brumaiac dies brumalesfappellantur,nbsp;E Capricorno autem tranfiens in Aquarium, ad^uget/St ex#nbsp;aequat Sagittarii longitudine/dici fpacium. Ab Aquarioc�nbsp;ingreffus eft in Pifees, Faiionio flantc, Scorpionibuscompa#nbsp;rat �qualem curfum Jta fol/ea fignaperuagando, certis tern#nbsp;poribus augerautminuitdierum amp; horaru ipacia. Nunc denbsp;c�terisfyderibus, qu�ifuntdextraacfiniftrazonam figno# �nbsp;rum,mcridiana,feptcntrionalicf parte mundi ftellis difpofitanbsp;figuratac^, dicam.

A Isnamquecum inarietis fignum init, amp; partem oda� uam peruagatu r, ] Quntuorin�gnes tempor urn mutationeshoc cd�nbsp;pttedcfcribuntur,ie^uino�iorum,folftitii,crl�'umie. Eat fteriin oilauitnbsp;fi^norum partibusdd�rmdticuifufrd^dturPlinius hb. �8. cdp . crnbsp;libr�

fctro i.cap, tc,-hisuerbuf. Solautemipfe^quatuordif^rentitubidiet, bii diei,uert!zylt;iutumno,i:^incenirumincidenst�me,oil4�*nbsp;�ij in parttbus lt;irictis,M ltbrlt;e-,bii permut�t ii fpacijs in M�um diei, bru^nbsp;Mi-b�Ma in parte Capricorni, no�is uero, folftitioi totidem in partibusnbsp;Cancri. Q�i Ibcm admonet, ut dicam errarc eos,qui brumambybernumnbsp;folj�itium uocant:lt;jua in fententiafolus ueterttm fitit Columella,GTpoHeanbsp;Serui�. Optimi enim au�oresirfO'ss-�snbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;brumam, rfOTcoii

^iS^iv�i fo^itiumappellant B Qu�funtdextra , ac finiftra Zonamfignorum.] Eodiccndigenerclu�tic�lib.io,cap.c).qkiCnbsp;dextraac�niftracanalemi�gunturt

A XT A nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Graeci nominal �pmf�uc g

l\i tX()av,habctpoftfe collocatiimiCuftodem. Ab eo non longc/conformata cft Virgo, cuius fupra humer� dextruna/nbsp;lucidii��maftellaniticur,quam/noftriprouindcmiam,maio*nbsp;C rem Gr�cifjrflt;n/�vgt;tTcy uocitanr, candens autem magis fpecies

D ciuscftcolorata.kem/alia contraeftftella/mediagenuorum ali�s ^eni CuftodisarAi,qui Ardurus dicitur.Eft ibi dedicacus e regio ni.nbsp;ne capitis feptentrionis, tranfuerfus ad pedes Geminorum,nbsp;Auriga,ftatcpiin fummo cornu Taurijlremcjiinfummocorgt;nbsp;nu leuo'ad Aurig� pedes,una tenet parceiftellam,amp; appellagt;nbsp;tur aurig� manus. H�di capra leuo hiimero Tauri quidemnbsp;amp; Arietis, infuperPerfeusdexterionbusfubrercurrSsba�mnbsp;Vergiliar�jfinifterioribuscaput ArietiSjamp;manu dextrain#nbsp;nitens Caifiope� fimulachro,!eua/iupra aurigam tenet Gor#nbsp;goneum ad fummum caput, fubri'cicnscf Androm�de pedi#nbsp;bus. Itempifcesfupra Andromcd�;amp; eius uentremSc�qui,nbsp;qu�funt fupra fpinam Equi,cuiusuentris lucidiflima ftcllanbsp;finit uentrem Equi/amp; caput Andromed�.Manus Androme#nbsp;d� dextra,fupra Cai�iopc� fimulachrum cft c�ftituta, leuafunbsp;per aquilonarem Pifeem. Item Aquariusfupra Equi caput.nbsp;�qui ungul�/attingunt Aquarij genua. Cafliope� media cft/nbsp;dedicata

4icf M. VITRVVn POLL. dedfcataCapricorno fupra in altitudinc, Aquila �i Delphinnbsp;nus, fccundum eos ,eft Sagitta. Ab ea autcm V olucris, eu#nbsp;lus penna dextra/Cephei manum attingivamp;fceptrum, Icuanbsp;fupraCaffiopca innititur,fub Auis cauda/pedes Equi funtnbsp;fubteftijinde Sagittarri,Scorpionis,Libr�, ini�per Serpens /nbsp;furamo roftro Coronam tangit, ad eu medium,Ophiuchusnbsp;inmanibus tenet Serpentem/leuopedccalcansfrontemScor Bnbsp;pionis, tnediam partem Ophiuchi capitis. Non longe po# Bnbsp;ficum cft caput cius,qui dicitur nixus in genibus. Eorum a u#nbsp;tem faciliores funt capitum uertices/ad cognolcendum, quodnbsp;nonobfcurisfiellisfuntconformati. Pes ingeniculatif�did (3nbsp;fuldtur capitis tempus Serpentis,qui cft inter Arlt;ftos(qui Se#nbsp;ptcntrioncsdicuntur)implicatus, parue percosfleftiturDelnbsp;phinus,contra Volucris rofirumcft pofitaLyra. Inter hu#nbsp;merosCuftodisamp;GeniculatiCoronaeft ornata. Infepten#nbsp;trionali ucro circulOjdu� pofit� i�nt ArAi^fcapularum dornbsp;Gsinter fe compof�t3e,pe�:oribus/auerf�, equibusminor nw� Hnbsp;maior S'xiKfi a Grsecisappellatur, earume^ capita inter fcnbsp;defpicientia funt conftituta, caud�/capitibus c�rum aduerf�nbsp;contrat^ difpofit� f�gurantur. V trorumc� cnim fuperandonbsp;eminent in fummo per caudas eorum effe dicitur. Item Ser#nbsp;pens cft porrcfta,c qua fiella/qu� dicitur polus,plus elucetcifnbsp;cumcaputmaiorisSeptentrionis. Namcjqu� cftproximanbsp;Draconcm'circum caput eius inuoluitur ,una uero/circumnbsp;Cynofur� caput inieftaeft fluxu, porreftaej proximeeiusnbsp;pedes. H�c autem/intorta rcplicatacj fe attollens/refleAitufnbsp;a capite minorisad maiorem,contra roftrum amp; capitis tem#nbsp;pusdextrum.Item/fupracaudam minorislCephei funtpedes,nbsp;ibic^.'adfummumcacumen facientes ftell� funt trigonum pa Inbsp;ribuslateribusinfuper Arietis lignum. Septentrionis autemnbsp;minoris/amp;Caffiope3efimulachri,compluresfuntftell3econ#nbsp;fuf�. Qu�funtaddextramorientis/interzonam fignorum,nbsp;amp; Septentrionum iydera inc�lo difpof�ta,dixi.Nunc expli#nbsp;caboqu� ad f�niftram orientis meridianiscj partibus ab na#nbsp;Uirafuntdiftributa,

A Namque Scptemm'o, quem Gr�ci] Totuthic loctu de deribui,quilcapitibuf duobta proxmis dbfotuitur, adm luxutuitnendK^nbsp;dc�rittif e�,ut ni� hberiore,lt;tutdud(iciorc potins cd�igddi rdtione,emennbsp;ddri fdiis non po�it, Locd tdntitm dliquotidttigi,qudndo iuris dmpliusmionbsp;hi nondum per mi�; reltqudm ttero le�ionem perturbdtdm, Idccrdm, ^3quot;nbsp;MMulofdm purgdre uolenti, Ardti Phienomena, (3 Higinij libri de �ettiSfnbsp;Opern dd�rre poterant: fdtis uifum e� indicare,quorum bene�ciouerio�nbsp;rem;� non ndtiudmfcriptionemddre integru erdt: ndm Democritum phynbsp;ficumfecutum e�efehdc pdrte,nobiscommon�rduit,l�udpro re po�umnbsp;indicdre,db Hypdrcho, Ptolemao,^^ Alphonfo^notdtds effe�e�ds fuprdnbsp;niUe dudsdc uigintiyfextuplici mdgnitudine di�inflds, prim� m�gnitudi*nbsp;nise�'eis,Secund�4s-Terti� los. Qtjirf.� 474-.Quintte uz.Sextie 63.nbsp;Iindgines eff� quddragintd o�o, quid pifces geminii�nt �gnd duptienbsp;cid,dut� hiefigurtepro�mplicibus hdbedntur, Ophiuchuspro homine etnbsp;ferpente,cr equiduo,iuxtd Ptokmici fententidm,erunt�dtuendi. Bt quo�nbsp;nidmhuc fermonkuentum c�,non erit eortim qua Gradnbsp;uocdnt,� (3 iUud dddidero.quod ex Alfragdni fcriptisvoniedmus, errftfnbsp;cdlculum reuocduimuSf�eSdrstm prima mdgnitudinis dmbitumieff'c,qudnnbsp;tum temeicenties or quindedes(de terra circuitudixilibri i, cap,6.) fe�nbsp;cunda mdgnitudinis, quinquies er oiludgies : tertta magnitudinisbk e3nbsp;feptudgies-.qudrtamdgnitudmis^quinqudgies-.quintamdgnitudinis'tridesnbsp;crfexies:fext� mdgnitudtnisiuides, Rurfum Lunadmbitum minorentnbsp;e�e terra dmbitujepties e3 tricies;Vlercurij, termilliescentiese^tcrfunbsp;prd quddrdgies;Veneris fepties (3 trides. E cotrdriofSolis nidiorem e�enbsp;dmbitumeenties (3 fexdgies �xies ; Mdrtisi�re bk, louislfemcl lt;3 nond^nbsp;gies ; Sdturni quinquies er nondgies.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Prai ered d terru dd Lundm in^

terudUiimillidrid ejfe centumfexdgintd millid er uiginlifeptemfuprd qua dringentdtdd !tgt;'icrcurium:trccentdfcdcdm miUtd (3 aigmtiodocum quinnbsp;gentis-.dd Venerem'cdingentdtrigintd e3 unumm!llgt;d,(3 cumcilingen^nbsp;tis uiginti�x: ddSolemfexies miRics mi�e quinqudgies odies mi�eier du^nbsp;centd odogintd nouem: ddM.drtemifcxicsmitlics millecenties odies miHe'nbsp;quddringentd (3 nouem: dd louemiqudter er quddrdgics mi�ies miUc qudnbsp;dringentief bis i3 �ptttifgiis mille,(3 ctfM fcxeenlis �igintiiiuinqf.dd Sd�

turnumi^Ker feptu�gks milliertniHe centies feptuagies odiamille,(T quddringentd ^Mdragitita quatuor. Ad.oildMm /jihiierdineenties mitti*nbsp;es tniUe feptingentiej fexdgics fexies mille,or cunt centuminouem crtio^nbsp;itdgintd. Ad nondnijjiherdmifemelcsrducentiesmimes mille ^uingenties^nbsp;tricies e^fepties mille, or fupru quadringentd nouem, 'Decimdml^kei'Snbsp;ty undecimeimnon nouit Aljrdgdnus, nee eo quifyudm dntilt;iuior : nondntnbsp;enimfutdbdnt ejjiprimu mobile tQsifunt fequuti dftrologi, l�dmdb hoenbsp;diftinxerunttVndecimdm ueroimmobitem quidem l�dm, Gracorum psi*nbsp;musiBd�lius,Ldtinorum dutemSlrdbui cr Beddpo�fi�e�runturtqudm,nbsp;ab immenfo�gt;ledore,Qr drdenti�ima cldritdte, ifxinfiop,qud�ignitimtnbsp;dicds,uocduerunt, ibiDei optimi maximi, bedtortim �nrituu ordine,nbsp;al(^ fdndorumfemper uenerdndorumf:dem,theologi exiflimant effe. Bnbsp;Gr�citiominant�4fKT0vflue�AiKWybabetpoftfecollocanininbsp;cuftodem.] Cum in ccelo�nt A�rd�ue�derd, id efl�gnd, qud dni*nbsp;mdlidresue dlidsreprefentdnt,multi5con�dntidflcllis(hocenimiA�rumnbsp;4 �e�d di�irtyeorum dlidfunt Au�rind,dlidiAquilonid,uniuerfd ss-tentidM.drtidniCdpell�ltbros. Reliquispldcet e�e js. hiscnim/zo^dcinbsp;�gnd non dnnumerdnt.SunPquiSeptentriondlid numerdnt�is Au�nij uernbsp;fibus �9 ( ndm de bis qua dd lAeridiem funt,cdpite proximo erit ferma, )nbsp;AdBoreapdrtes Ar�liuertuntur,cr dnguit,nbsp;Po�hos Ar�ophylax, pdriter^ corond,genu^nbsp;Proldp�u,lyrd,duis,Cepbeus, amp; Cd�iopeid,nbsp;Auriga, er Perfeu5,Deltoton, Andromeda d�rum,nbsp;Peglt;^us,erBgt;elphin,telum,dquild,dnguitenensc^.

C Majores Grxcf/T�oJu'^�TOVuocant.] Proclodicitur 'n^o'^o ynHi�de�dnteuindemid. D Item alia contra cftftella/mediagenbsp;nuorumcuftodisardi] ConuenitProclocumVitruuio,AtHiginutt'nbsp;earn�eUam, qua/Arilurut dicitur, in zona, non in genubus aut cruributnbsp;Ar�iopbyldcis!conflituit:utcunq;hdbeat,genuoru�mprogcnuumdi�uminbsp;ni� mduis �equi codicem eum, in quoiitd feriptuminueni, media eu�odis genbsp;minidriHi, ubi�gemina legof, cum Higinio fenties, Eum mihi codicemnbsp;utendum deditpolui cy eleganlis ingenij iuuenis/Tbomas Spica Romdnm,nbsp;E TenetferpcntemJeuoped�'calcansmcdi�frontemScor�nbsp;pioni� ] Lego, leua pede calcans �ontem Scorpionis, mediam partem^nbsp;Cphiuchi

DE ARCHlTEC. Lf B. IX� 41^ Ophiuchi cdpitis, id e� Ophiuchus^ Icuo quid� pede/calcat Scorpions fronnbsp;tcm;at is ferpensiq^ tenet Ophiuchus cdpite,cingit medium partem ipfivnbsp;�� Ophiuchi. QMdamconiunguntfequentem claufuhnn.hoc modo legen�nbsp;tes,Adpdrtem Ophiuchicdpitis^nonlongepcfitume�cdputcrc. Diet�nbsp;tur dutem Ophiuchus .'dh ArdtoiQr eiui interpr�te Theone, dt^ue Proclo,nbsp;qud�oCfiof}(Oi,qu�d�rpentemtenedt-lionde�ieruntcnim,iiuiOphiul�nbsp;cum,qud� Serpenturdhum fcriberent;fed potior mihi prior [ententid uifdnbsp;t�. F In gcnibusautemeorum faciliores flint]nbsp;(Id e� cldufuld,hoc enim,ingcnibus,legendum cu�ne}uperioris',fed,pronbsp;neffusfcribendum nifusfdut nixus, inhuncmodum. Eiusquidiciturnixutnbsp;ingenibus.Oeindefequdtur,eorudUtem�ciliorcs,i:^c-GrieciV^yovaa�tnbsp;appe�dnt,Ldtini ingeniculum,utfcribitlulius Firmicus lib. s, Ouid.lib.Stnbsp;lAetdmor.nixum gcnu.Mdnilius lib.^, nixdmgenti �ieciemdixit. Eum Hinbsp;ginius/trddit ejje Hercutem,qui'genu dextro nixus, �ni�ro pedeicdpitKnbsp;Draconis dextram partem opprimere conatur. Scmel moneo, ex Higinionbsp;pctendd,quie,ddhi�oriamaut�ibuldm fyderum'pertineant. G Ad idnbsp;fulcitur capitis tempus ferpentis, ] Locushicmonuacatmenda..nbsp;Eumi�c re�auipo�iexiflimo^qui eflinter Ar(los(_quiSeptentrioncs di�nbsp;cuntur)implicdtus.Namingeniculatusi�ngiturinniticdpiti Draconis,qui/nbsp;inter ArdoStid e� Vrfam maiorem �y minoremJimplicatur � Virgilius Genbsp;orgicorumlib.t.

Maximus hieflexu �nuofoelab�ur angitis, Circum perq^ duos in morem fluminis ar dos ?nbsp;H E quibusminor KUVolt;7'oujo(,maior;sAiKH^a Gr�cis ] Debit/nbsp;Germanic us C^far in Aralo.

Hie louis altricesiUelice Cynofuraq^flilgcnt, DdtGraqs Helice cur�ts,mdiortbus Aflrisnbsp;FhcenicdsCynofwa regit.

I Facicntcsfuntftell�tngonum paribusJateribus TMTo/j uocdt,dflmilitudine quarts hter� Gr(ecie,id e� �. � Cic.in Arato,nbsp;�Deltotonldicerc Graij.

PR Imumifub Capricorne fubicAus Pifeis aufirinus, cau A da profpiciens Cephea, ab eo/ad Sagittarium locus eftnbsp;inam's Thuribulfi/fub Scorpionis aculeo. Centauri prioresnbsp;partes'proxira� funtLibrae,^ Scorpionera tenent inmani#nbsp;bus,Siniulachrum id,quod Beftiamaftroriim pcriti nominanbsp;uerunfjadVirginem,amp;Leonem,amp;Cancrum:Anguis porrinbsp;gens agmen ftellarum intortus, fubcingic regionem Cancri,nbsp;crigens roftrum ad Leonem,medioc|g corpore fuftinens Cragt;nbsp;iercm,admanumcgVirginiscaudamfubifcicns, inquaineftnbsp;Coruus, Qux autemfupra fcapulasperxquefunrlucentia.nbsp;ad Anguis interius uentris,fub caudam fubieAus eft Centaunbsp;rus.IuxtaCraterem amp;Leonem,nauis eftjqufhominatur Arnbsp;go,cuius prora/obfeuratunfed malus, amp; qu� funt circa gu#nbsp;bcrnacula'eminentia uidentur, ipiacj nauiculaamp;puppispernbsp;fummam caudam Cani iungitur.Gcminosautem miniiftu#nbsp;lus Canis fcquitur/contra Anguis caput, maior itemiequiturnbsp;minorg.Orion uero tranfuerfus/cfti�biedus, preflus ungu#nbsp;la Centauri,manu leua tenens clauam, alteramfad Geminosnbsp;tollens, caput uero eius bafim, Canis paruo interuallo infonbsp;quens LeporemiArieti �c Piftibus Cetus eft fubicAus,a cuiusnbsp;crifta/ordinate utriscj Piicibus/difjjoflta eft tenuis fufio ftellanbsp;rum, qu�gr�cc;uocitatur^/A��^v�ii : magnocj interuallo inf gnbsp;irorfusprelTus nodus ferpentium, attingit fummam Ceti crinbsp;ftam.Eridani per ipeciem ftellarum flumen profluit, initiumnbsp;fontis capiens a leuo pede Orionis, Qu� uero ab Aquarionbsp;fundi memoratur aqua,profluit inter Pifeis auftn'ni caput, �inbsp;caudamCeti, Qu�f�gurataformatacfftintfyderaiinmun#nbsp;do iimulachra,natura,'diuinacj mente deftgnata, utDemocrlnbsp;to Phyfico placuit, expofuitfed ea tantum, quorum ortusnbsp;occafus'poflumus animaduerterc,amp; oculiscontueri.Namc�nbsp;uti Scptentriones/circum axiscardinem u�ri�ntes,nonoccigt;nbsp;dunt, necjfub terram fubcunt;ficamp; circa meridianum cardi#nbsp;nem , qui eft propter inclinacionem mundi fubieftus terrae,nbsp;fydera

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. IX. 4� fyderauerfabunda latentiac^ non habenr egrcffus orientes fitnbsp;pra terram, itaejeorum figurationcs'propter obftantiam ternbsp;C Tx J non funt not�. Huius au tern rei tndex eft ftella Canopf,nbsp;qu�/his regionibus eft ignota, rcnunciantibus negociatori#nbsp;bus J qui/ad extremas Aegypti regioneSjproximascg ultimisnbsp;P finibusterr�terminationes/ucrunt.Deinundicircaterrara

peruolitantia,duodecimc�fignorum,�ifeptentn'onalimer3gt; dhtffper� dianacf parte/fyderum difpol�tione,ut fit perfcAus,docui, Uo'it�tiStnbsp;blamcpexeamundi uerfatione,amp; contrario folis/perfignanbsp;curfujgnomonumc^ �quinoftialibus umbris, analcmmato 'nbsp;rum inueniuntur deicriptiones C�terajex aftrologia ,quosnbsp;effedus habeant figna duodecim^ftellx quinc�,Sol,Luna,adnbsp;� human� uit� rationem, Chald�orum ratiocinationibuseftnbsp;J; concedendum : quodypropria efteorum/genethliologi�ra#nbsp;tio,uti poffint antefada,5i futura,cx ratiocinationibus aftrogt;nbsp;rum/explicare.Eorum autem inuentiones, quasderiptis religt;nbsp;querunrqua folcrtia,quibufc� acuminibus, amp; quam magninbsp;fucrint,qui ab ipfa natione Chaldjorumprofluxerunt, oftennbsp;dunt. Primus�BcrofuSjininfulaamp;ciuitateCoo/confedir,nbsp;ibic^aperuit dilciplinam.Poftcaiftudens Antipaterj'itemcpnbsp;G Achinapolus,qui(etiam non e nafeentia, fed exc�ceptionegcnbsp;ncthliologi� rationes explicatas rcliquit.De naturalibus augt;nbsp;tem rebus/T haies Milefius, Anaxagoras Clazomenius, Pygt;nbsp;thagoras Samius, Xenophanes Colophonius,Democritusnbsp;Abderites, rationesfquibus e rebus/natura rcrum guberna#nbsp;retur,quemadmodumquoscj effedus habent, excogitatas rcnbsp;liquerunt. Qiior� inuenta/fecuti, fyderum^ �C occafus amp; ov^nbsp;tuSjtempeftatumc�f�gnificatuSjEudoxus, �ud�mon,Ca!li�nbsp;ftus,McIo,Philippus,Hipparchus,Aratus,c�tericpex aftroknbsp;h logiaparapegmatorum difeiplinisinuenerunt,�Ceaspofte#nbsp;risexplicatas'reliquerunt. Quorum fdenti�fiinthominibusnbsp;fuipiciend�,quod tanta cura fuerunt, ut etiam uideanturdi#nbsp;uina mente,tempeftatum fignificatus poftfuturos, antepro#nbsp;nunciareiquasobres'h�ciconiin cutis ftudijsqueffuntconc�nbsp;denda�

A Primumfub capricornofubj'eftuspifds auftn�nus.jAa ftrina figM!fir�comfgt;lc�luntur hi uer�us Aufonij,

Orion,procyon,le{)iK,ardens fyrim, Argo, Hydrtn,Chyron,Thuribulum quo^,pifcts, ingenfnbsp;Huncfc^uiturpiftrK,/imul Eridinic^fluenta.

AdiunxeruntalijCoruMncr Craterem, B Qu� iiocaair �p^aKtToi/�* QUd�dicd$,lAercurij debdds:fed quid itd,nondui� inueni. Ed tfufio �elnbsp;Idrum in dcxtrd Aqudrij mdnu;d� qud^n hunc modum Ardtus in Phte�nbsp;nomenh-

TKuhx/x�vov, id e�,qudlis qult;eddmpdrud�ifio dquiehuc dt^} i� lucfpdrfe ,1/leminitetidmHiginiuslib.}, C Huiusautemrei/ind�Cnbsp;cftftdIaCanopi.] Proclo,Cdnobus diciturinhbrode�ih�rd,oJi'^nbsp;cR�cp tSnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;k�//X�VOSnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;�tSH�, xavu��J �oVO

lx�S,,iTM,id c�, qutcflclldin fuittmo Argui nduis guberndculo fi(lgct,Cd nobiunomindtur.CdnobimMitPo�idoniut in Grtecid non uideri;indefd*nbsp;�um, ut eius'Ardtui non mcmincrit. Vide Sfrdbonem libre j. D Dlt;nbsp;mundi circa terram peruolitantia.] idc�, uerfdtione,circuldtionbsp;tte.AUjlegantperuolitdntiSjUtrc�rdturaddi�iottetnmundi. E Adnbsp;human�uit�ranoncm.Chaldforumratiocinanonibuseftnbsp;conecdendum.] 'DcChdidieis Cic. lib,i. deDiuindtione,hifuerbii.nbsp;Cbdld�i,qut ex dtuturna obferudtionefyderumfeientidmputMlur ef�*nbsp;ciffe,ut predict pojjet,quid!cuiqi uenturimi^Gr qnoquifc^/atondttu effet,nbsp;Aului Ge�iiit^uulgum reprehendit.quvlActhemdticos dicit,quof'Chdldie^nbsp;csgentilnio uocdbulo dicer e oportet �Vide cum lib,i, cdp. 9. er Hb. 14-�nbsp;cdp.t.SuetoniiistdmeninAugu�o,iuu�ndlif,CorneliuiTdcitus,luliiisEirnbsp;micus,etidmMdth�mdtico!appe�dnt.Augu�in.lib.4.con��ion.pldnetdnbsp;rios uocdt. Annotauit Eu�dcbiut in primumbbrum lliados Homeri, hoi*nbsp;ruineuripfitatem,!nihilrcliquiff�, quodpidnetisnonfubiecerit F Ge�nbsp;ncdilialogi� ratio. ] Genethlidlogididiuindtioe�,qtid.'exndtiuitd(enbsp;�iKceffas pronuncidturi unde Geneth�dlogter Geneth'-idcidid i �intMd�nbsp;fhemdticifG Nonenafceniia,] Sueioniu(,Spdrtidnuf,Eirmiciit^nbsp;�ldtcriwf.

^lt;tternia,genituram dicunt�uuendlis gcnef�m -, Pitnirofiits lib. 4- Hfxi(lt; ��cro�,�rf��jMffff/c��K/go. H ParapegmatorumdifcipIinas.Jnbsp;fctrapegmM funt,utexiflimt(mus,d�ronomM inftrumcnta, quod � muUnbsp;tis udrijs^ concinndta c�'ent,d Trap�tth^vv�, id e� ddpingofiue dffigo^nbsp;Pegmitddutemiin Thedtrorum /^cildculit uidentw f��Jfe tdbuldtdperfenbsp;furgentid,tdcitc^mfublimccrefcentid.^drtialislib,i.Epigrdm^

�iuodquiddntidd Amphithedtrum re�runt.Domitmscerte Cd�derinus'di-' cit,pegmd compdiium e�e iedificium,quodiorndtum�dtui$,ucl dliquo dlionbsp;ludicro�nterdtimpueris con�dentibum Scendfnproducebdtur

UN rationes, amp;explicandae'menftru� dierum breuitatcs, itemc^dcpaladones. NamcjfoP�quinodiali tempore Ariegt;nbsp;te Libracj uerfando, quasexgnomone partes habet nouem,nbsp;casiumbr� facit oftoiin declinationec�li,qu3e eft Rom�.nbsp;�teme� Atlienisiquam magn� funt gnomonis partes quatiigt;nbsp;or,urabr�'funt tres. Ad feptem/Rhodo quinc�. At T arend,nbsp;nouemiad undecim. Alexandri�/tres ad quinc�. C�terisqiienbsp;Omnibus locis'aliac alio modo/umbr� gnomonum acquitnbsp;nodiales ab natura rerum inueniuntur difparat� . Itaque/nbsp;in quibuicuncjlocis horologia cruntdeicribenda,eo locifu#nbsp;naenda eft �quinodiah�s umbra;amp; f� erunt (quemadmodumnbsp;Rom3e)gnomonispartes nouem,umbr� o�on�. Defcribanbsp;turlinea/inplanitta,amp; ex media �n�gt;oVo�6�I^ erigatur,uti fit adnbsp;normam,qu� dicitur gnomon; amp; a linea, qu� en't planifies,nbsp;�n finem gnomonistircino nouem fpada dimcti�tur; amp; quonbsp;locoMon� partis fignumfuerit,centrum conftituatiir,ub�nbsp;critlitera A,amp; didu�o circino ab co centro/ad lineam plani^nbsp;ti�,ubi erit litera B,circinatio circuli defcribatur,qu� dicitur,nbsp;meridiana. Deinde ex nouem partibus, qu� funt a planifianbsp;ad gnomonis centrum,odo fumantur, �i fignentur in linea.

qu� eft in planici'a, ubi crit litera C. Haec autcm*cri't gnomon nis sequinoftialis umbra: amp; ab co �gnoiamp; litera C, per een#nbsp;trum/ubi eft litera A, lineaperducatur j ubi erit Solisxqui#nbsp;noAialisradius. Tunefab centro didu�o cireino adlineamnbsp;planiti�/�quilatatio f�gnetur,ubi erit litera E finifteriorc parnbsp;te,amp; I dexteriore in extremis lineis circinatfonis,amp; per centranbsp;perducendalinca,ut�que duo hemicyclia fint diuifa � Haecnbsp;autem lineaa mach emancis dicitur Orizon. Deinde/cirdna#nbsp;Donis rotius fumenda pars eft quintadecima de dreini centrGnbsp;collocandum in linea circinationis, quo loci fecic cam line#nbsp;am �quinodialis radius, ubi erit litera F, amp; fignandu dextranbsp;ac finiftra ubi ftint literae G H.Deinde/ab his Si per centrum,nbsp;lineacjufc^adlineam planitiae perducend� funt,ubicruntli#nbsp;ter� T Rjita eric Solis radius,unus hybernus, alter �ftiuus.nbsp;C�rra autem E,litera I erit,ubi fecatcircinadonem linea,qu3enbsp;eft traielt;ftaperccntrum,5iconrra G Si Hjliterf eruntKSi L, Dnbsp;Si contra C Si F Si A,crit litera ISi.Tuncperducend� funt dianbsp;metriabG ad L,SiabHadK. Quod eritinferior,partis �nbsp;eric �ftiu�jfuperiordiybernae. Qtiae diametrifunt �que me#nbsp;diac diuidendae, ubierunt literae M Si O, ibic^centra fignan#nbsp;da,5i per ca figna/Si centrum A,linea ad extrem as lineas cir#nbsp;cinatio nis eft perduccnda,ubi erunt literae P Q. H�c/erit Ii#nbsp;nea itfir �f}�ir radio aequinodiali.Vocabitur autemh�c linea/nbsp;mathematicis rationibus Axon: Si ab eifdem centris ,didu#nbsp;fto circino,ad extremas diametros, defcribantur hemicyclianbsp;duo,quorum unumerit aeftiuum,altcrumJiybernum.Dein#nbsp;dein quibuslodsfecantline�paralkl�lincam earn,quae di#nbsp;cicurOriXpn,indexfcriorepartc eritlitcra S, infinifteriorcnbsp;VjSi abexmino bemicyclio,ubi eft litera G, ducaturlineanbsp;paralklos Axo/n ad finiftrum hemicyclium,ubi eft litera H,nbsp;Hfca�tparallelosJineauocitaturLacotomus:Situmcircini ?nbsp;centr�collocand�eft eoloci,quo��catcam lincam aequino#nbsp;Aialis radius, ubi erit litera X, Slt; dcduccndum ad eum locG,nbsp;quoifccatdrdnatione �ftiuus radius, ubieft litera H, Si ccn# 0nbsp;tro �quinodiali interuallo jrftiuo circinatio circulimenftruinbsp;agatur,quiManacus dicicur.Itahabebituranalemmatosde# jjnbsp;(ormniio�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Cum hoc

Cumhoc/it�fitdefcriptiimamp; cxplicat�jfiue pcrhybcrnas lineasjfiue per �fttuas, fiue per �quinodialcs, aut etiam pernbsp;men�ruasjtnfubie�ionibus/rationes horarum eruntex A�nbsp;nalemmatis defcribend�jfubijcienturc^ in co/mult� uarieta#nbsp;tes,amp; genera horologiorum �c deferibentur rationibushisnbsp;ardficiofis. Omnium autem fiilt;gurar� deicriptionuincj! eagt;nbsp;rum tfteftus unus,uti dies �quinodialis/brumalist� i itemcgnbsp;folftinalisln duodecim partes �qualitcrf�tdi�ii/�ts.Qiias res,nbsp;nonpigritiadcterritus,pr�termif�,fednc mulca icribendo/nbsp;olTcndam,aquibuscp inuenta funr genera defcripiioncsc� honbsp;rologiorum,exponam.NcLp nunc/noua genera inuenire pofnbsp;1 fum,necalienapro mcispr�dicandauidentur.Itacj/quxno�nbsp;bis tradita funt,a quibus t�nt inuenta, dicam �

tiones.] Scnbit Mdrtidnm CapeUiiiibroGcometriiie,uafii(ltiiehorofc9'' pd ucl horologica dicuntur,diuer�ttftibus�imniutataicomponi,dlic^ gno*nbsp;mone!ultrd quingenta ftddii difcernijUmbr�lprolocorum ddtionibiM^ celnbsp;fiSjdMincUndntibui�nfimdtis.lioc etidm^dtite ettm monuemt Pliniuf lib.i.nbsp;cdp.ri.Oquot; tib.s.cdp.ult.ubideumbrdrudifjvrentijsubund�, Bnbsp;cfflccScrigatur,] ideft/ddredosdngulos: edtnlincdmuocdtgnomond,nbsp;qu�di{iio,qudnqudm normdm�gni�cdt, utdnted diximus, e� tdmtnno�nbsp;funtre�renddVitrmij uerbAh�c,ut�tddnormdm.E� enim hoclcconbsp;tdtm,dddnguloire�lof erigi, or-dd normdmcffe. C Circinationisnbsp;totiusfumenda parscft quintadecima-] Trecentorumfcxdgifiquot;nbsp;td pdrtiumCgrddiK dppe�dnt)m qudsdintditur cir cuius, pdrs quintddeci�nbsp;wde�uigmti^udtuor. Ptolem�us tdmcmdicit mdximdin So!� dechndtio*nbsp;nem/ejji uigirttitriumnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quinqudgintd GT unius minutorum, Itdq^ut deci�

mdquintd�tpdrs,defuntnouentminutd:�quidem'undqu�^p'irs�u�grd dui,6o.con�dtminutis, D Linea qu� eft traiefta per centrum.]nbsp;Ed e�iqudm horizontd dixit dppelldri, qult;elin �qudduo hemicyclid meri*nbsp;didnumcirculumdiuidit, E Tuncpcrduccnd�diametri.] No��nbsp;dum funtdidmetri,fed bdfes drcuum,�ttur�/didinttri femicirculorum d�inbsp;Mi�y'hyberni, F H�cautcm paralklos,uocitatur Lacoto*nbsp;mus.] Ldcotomui/hoclocoquid�t�ntettigitur.Elienimlinedre�d/dxinbsp;pdrd�elos,4 rddio �fliuo, quo locffecdt meridianunt, dd rudium bybern�,nbsp;ubiipfe/cundemmerididnum interfecdt,dudld. Sed curitd dppe�eturyionnbsp;inueni. G Ercentro�quinotftialiinteruallo�ftiuo.] Gen�lt;nbsp;dicendiGeometris frmiltdre,quum �gnificdrcKolut^, dltero circinipedenbsp;i'nddto�gnomdnente, dlterumidd cou�itutdtn mdgnitudinem deducetfnbsp;dum,ut circulupcrficidtit. H Qui manacos dicitur.lamp;WTy/xKVOs,nbsp;id e� dmenfe firmdtum nomen circuli men�ruimdndcos,�� cnim arculits /nbsp;quo umbr�,pr�ter �quino^lidlem ��iudmizty hyberndm ,de quibus tradinbsp;dit,dcpr�henduntur,cuiusdidmet�rie�Ldcotomtu.i NecaJicnapronbsp;mcis pracdicanda uidenrur.] Benigniim'eyplenumingenui effepunbsp;doris,fcribtt Pliniia in Pr��tione ndturd- hi�ori�,fiter^er quospro߫nbsp;cerii.Obnoxij ccnlri dnimilin�licisqi ingenq,deprehendiin �rto mdUe^nbsp;qudmmutuum reddere, llludlegofecutus lum,nimit�rtd�'ednxie,ne di�nbsp;fdtn�tperfiirio߻

A T r EMIcyclnim cxcauat�exquadrato,adencl�mac|:ructf X 1 ciriim,BerofiisChalda:usdici'tun'nuenifle; Scaphenifigt;nbsp;ue hemifpherium Ariftarchus Samiiis : Idem cciam dilcumnbsp;in planitia;Arachnem,Eudoxiisaflrologus,nonnullidicuntnbsp;ApoHonium: Plinthium/fiue lacunar( quodeuam incirconbsp;flaminio eft pofirum )Scopas Syracuf�uSj'-nfo'ir T�'5-i!p..gt;ttv�,Par�nbsp;menion.'�nfoiTTr�v KXi'ju�,Thcodol�us,amp; Andreas;Patroclcs,Pcnbsp;lccinon.'Dionyfiodorus,Conum: Apollonius,pharetram;nbsp;aliac^ genera,amp; qui fuprafcripti funr,SCaln plureamp;inucnta rc^nbsp;liquerunr, uti Gonarchen, Engonaton, Anribor�um Itemnbsp;ex liis generibus'uiatoria penfilia uti fi�rent, plures�cripta renbsp;liquer�t:cx quorum libris, fiquisuelitfubiecliones inuenigt;nbsp;rc,potcrit,dummodofciatianalemmatosdeicriptiones.[teni/nbsp;funt exaquafconquific� ab cifdem fcriptoribushorologio�nbsp;� rumrationes:priniumcpiaCtefibio Alexandrine,quietiamnbsp;fpiritusnaturales,pneumaticascjre3iinuenic.Scd utifueruncnbsp;ea exquifita, dignum ftudiof�s eft ignofcere. Ctef�bius enim/nbsp;fuerat Alexandrie natus,p�tre lonforea'singenio Si indufirianbsp;magnaipr�ter reliquosexcellens ,diAus eft /artificiofisrebusnbsp;fc delcdare. Namcp/cum uoluifletin taberna fuipatrisyfpeciinbsp;lum ita pendcre,ut cum educcretur,furfumcj reducerecur, ligt;nbsp;nca lacens/pondus deducerer, ita collocauit machinationem�nbsp;Canalem ligneum/fub tignofixit,ibilt;$/trochlcasconocauir,nbsp;percanalem/lineam in angul�dcduxit,ibiq!itubulosftruxir,nbsp;in eos/pilam plumbcam perlineam demicrendam curauitu�ranbsp;pondusfcum decurrendo inanguftias tubulorum premeretnbsp;c�li crebritatem, uehementi dccurfu per fauces frequenriatnnbsp;c�li compreffionefolidatam ,extrudcns in a�frem patentem,nbsp;offenfione amp; taftu/fonitus exprefierat claritatem. Ergo/nbsp;D Ctcfibiusfcum animaduertifiet ex taduc�li �iexprclTioni^nbsp;E buSjfpiritusiuocescp nafci,his principes ufus,hydraulicas maquot;nbsp;P chinas primus inftituit, kemiaquarumexprefl�ones ivnniiTivt

porrcfti rotundationisc� machinas, mukat^ deliuarum gene ra, in his^tiam horologiorum ex aqua comparaiionestxpUnbsp;cuit. Primumcjconiticuic/cauumex auroperfed:um,autexnbsp;gemma terebrata : ca enim,/nec terunturpercufruaqu�,necnbsp;�ordes recipiunr, ut obturentur Namc�/�qualiter per idca^nbsp;uum influcns aqua,fubleuat fcaphum inuerfum ( quod ab arnbsp;tificibusphellos fiue tympanum dicitur ) in quocollocata xzirnbsp;gula,uerfatile tympanum denticu�s jqualibus funt perfeda:nbsp;qui denticuli alius aliumimpellenres,uerfationesmodicasfanbsp;ciuntamp;motiones.Item ali�regul� a�acj tympana ad eundc ,nbsp;modum dentata,qu�/una motione coafta, uerfandofaciuntnbsp;cfFedus uarietatesc^ motionum, in quibustaouentur figilla,nbsp;ucrtunturmct�,calculi,'aui tona protjc!untur,buccin�cagt;nbsp;nunqreliquat� parerga.In his ctiam,aut in columna, aut pa^nbsp;raftatica^Jiorf defcribuntur, quasifigillum egrcdieas ab imonbsp;uirgul�ff�gnificat in diem totum,quarum breuitates autcre�nbsp;fcentiasfcuneorum adiedus aut excmptus, in i�ngulis diebusnbsp;amp; mcnfibus,perficere cogit.Pr�cluf�ones aquarum ad tem#nbsp;perandum,ita funt conftitutae. Met� fiunt duae, una folida,nbsp;altcracaua cxtorno,itaperfed�, utaliainaliamlinire conuenbsp;nirec^ pofl�t.��i eadcm r�gula laxatio earum aut coartatio ef9nbsp;ciat,aut uehementcm, aut lenem in ea ual�aqu� influentei�nbsp;curfum.Ita his rationibus)amp; machinatione ex aqua,compo#nbsp;nuntur horologiorum ad hybernumufumcollocationes.nbsp;Sinautemcuneorum adiedionibus,amp;detradionibus,cor#nbsp;reptiones dicrumjaut crefcentiaeinon probabuntur,quod cunbsp;nci/f�piff�meuitia faciuntjfic crit explicandum. In columella 'nbsp;horaeex analcmmatis tranfuerfe defcribantur,menftru3ecjnbsp;line� in columella l�gncntur, eacjcolumella uerfatilisperfi#nbsp;ciatur,uti ad figillum/uirgulamcj (cuius uirgulf cgrediens fi#nbsp;gillumoftcndit horas) columna/uerlandocontinenter, fiiisnbsp;quibufc�menfibus/breuitates �C crefcentias faciat horarum.

Horoto � Piunt etiam alio genere horologia hyberna, qu�anaporica JM ttndpo dicuntur, perficiunrurlt;� rationibus his. Hor�difponunturnbsp;cxuirgulis�ncis,exanalemmatosdefcripuoneiabccntrodinbsp;IpoGt� in fronteun eatirculi funt circundatitoen�rua fpacianbsp;Gnientes.

DE ARCHITEC, Li�. ix. 42p finientes.Poft has uirgulas,tympanum coUocetur,tn quode#nbsp;fcripcus amp; dcpiftus fit mudus figniferc^ drculus , defcriptio#nbsp;que ex duodecim coeleftium fignor� fit figurata, cuius e cen^nbsp;trofdeformatur cuiuslibet figni fpacium, unum/maius, alte^nbsp;rum/minus.Pofteriori autem partitympano medio,axisuernbsp;fatilis eft inclufus, inep eo axii aenea mollis catena eft inuolu?nbsp;ta;exquapendct exunapartelphellos�ue tympanum, quod'nbsp;abaquafubleuatur,ex altcra/�quo pond�r� phellifacomanbsp;f�burrale.Ita quantum ab aqua phellos ftibleuatur , tantumnbsp;faburr�pondus/infra deducens/uerfat axem,axis autem/tymnbsp;panum : cuius tympani uerfatio, alias efficit/uri maior parsnbsp;circuli figniferi, alias/minor in uerfationibus, fuis temporisnbsp;bus defignethorarum proprietates.Namcj in fingulis fignis Inbsp;fui cuiuft� menfis dieru numeri/caua funt pcrfelt;fla,cuius bul#nbsp;la, qu�/Solis imaginemhorologrjs tenerc uiderur, fignificatnbsp;horarufpacia 1 ea translata,ex terebrationein terebrarionemnbsp;menfis uertentis/perficitcurfum fuum.Italt;^qucmadmodumnbsp;Solper fyderum fpacia uadens,dilatattontrahitq^ dies amp; ho^nbsp;ras, fic bullain horologijs Ingrediens per punda contra cen�nbsp;tri tympani uerfationem,quotidiecumtransfertur,alr)stcmlt;gt;nbsp;poribus per Iatiora,alijspcr anguftiora fpacia, menftruis fininbsp;tionibus/fmaginescfficithorarumamp;dierum. Deadmini^nbsp;ftratione autem aqu3e,quemadmodum letempereti�d ratio#nbsp;nem,ficen'tfaciendum.Poftfrontem horologij,inrra/collocenbsp;turcaftellum,in idlt;$per fiftulamfaliataqua,amp;in imohabeatnbsp;cauum: ad id autem affixum fit ex acre ty mpanumbabens fonbsp;ramen,per quod ex caftello in id aqua influat.In eo autcm'minbsp;H nustympanum includaturcardinibus ex torno, mafculo SAnbsp;1 foemina inter ic coartatis,ita uti minus tympanum,quemad#nbsp;modurn epiftomiS, in maiore circumagendolarde leniten� aliSs epiWnbsp;ucrfecur .Maiorisautem tympanilabrumaequisinteruallis. niuttttnbsp;ccclxv.punda habeatfignata:minor ucro orbiculus'in extrenbsp;ma circinationc fixam habeat lingulam, cuius cacumen diri#nbsp;gatad pundorum regioncs.Incjco orbiculo'temperatumficnbsp;foramen, qua.in tympanum aqua influit per id,SCferuatad#nbsp;miniftrationem. Cum autem in maioris tympani labro/fuc#

4?o M. VITRVVII POLL, rihtfignorum c�lcftium deformationes, id aiitemfit immo#nbsp;tum,amp; infummo/habcatdcformat�Cancrifignum,ad peMnbsp;pcndiculum eius/inimo j Capricorni, ad dextram fpcAantisnbsp;Libr�, ad finiftram Arietis i Signa quocf c�tcra'inter eonbsp;rum fpacia defignatafinr,utiinco21o uidentur. Igiturc� Solnbsp;fuerit in Capricorni orbiculo, lingula (in maioris tympaninbsp;parte amp; Capricorni,quotidie l�ngula punfta tangens,ad per#nbsp;pcndiculum habens/aqu�currcntisuehcmcns pondus, eek#nbsp;riterperorbiculi foramen id extruditaduas,tumcxcipicnsnbsp;eamfquoniam breui fpacio impletur)corripit(amp; contrahitnbsp;dierum minora fpacia�amp; horarum. Cum autem quotidiananbsp;uerfatione maioris tympanilingulaingrediturin Aquario,nbsp;cundadefcendunt foramina perpcndiculo,amp;aqu� uehemennbsp;ti curfutogitur tardius emittere falicntcm. Itaquo minuscc#nbsp;leri curfiKuas cxcipit aquam,dilarat horarum fpacia. Aquarijnbsp;uero Pifciumcf pundis,uti gradibusfeandens, orbiculi foranbsp;men in Arietexangendoo�fauam partem, aquae temperataenbsp;falientipraeftataequinodiaks boras. Ab Arieteper Taurinbsp;Geminorum fpacia/ad fumma Cancri punda,partis oftauaenbsp;foramen feu typanum uerfationibus peragens, amp; in altitudi#nbsp;nemfco rcdiens,uiribus cxtcnuatur,iSlt; ita tardius fliiendodilanbsp;tat/mor�do fpacia, amp; cfficir horas(in Cancri figno folftitiales.nbsp;A Cancro turn proclinat,amp; peragit per Leon� amp; V irginem,nbsp;adLibr� para's odaii� pundateuertendo,^ gradatim cor^nbsp;ripiendo fpacia, contrahit horas, amp; itaperueniens ad pundanbsp;Libr�j�quino�tiales rurfus reddif horas.Per Scorpionis uenbsp;ro fpacia/amp; Sagittarij procliuius deprimens fefe foramen,rc#nbsp;diensc^circumaftione/ad Capricorni partem oftauam,refti#nbsp;tuitur celeritate falientis/ad brumales horarum breuitates.nbsp;Qu� funtinhorologiorumdefcriptionibus rationes amp;ap#nbsp;paratus, utfintad ufum expedttiores, quam aptiiTime potui gt;nbsp;perfcripfi.Rcftarnunc/demach/nationit)us,amp; de carum prinnbsp;cipijsiratiocinari. Itac^de hisptcorpus emendari� architcAu#nbsp;r�perficiaturlin fcquenti uolumine incipiam fcriberc.

DE ARCHiTEC. LiB. IX. 451 ngt;logiorunt,/tcut cr rdiqua qu� fequantur^diUil ��gura. ScaphM,trlt;tditnbsp;K-drUanui CdpcU4libroGeometri�,Uiif( effe rotunda �reii, in quibM�ynbsp;li in medio fondojuiproceritatehordrii duduidifcriminant, B A Ctc�nbsp;fibio Alexandrino, qui ttiam fpiritus naturales] Hocetiamnbsp;dicit Plinius lib. 7. cap ir^Pneumaticddutem orgdnd,qudf� dicdsifpirita^nbsp;Udjfunt machine,quibusui m�ris concepti^ /j)iritHi,dqud!exto�itur. Q�J�nbsp;cun^ ig�ur^uUd mani�fld caufd, fed dcris niidut fiunt,dut mouenlur, ednbsp;cert� pneumdticis organis fieri inte�igimus, fient qua aquarum expre�ionbsp;ntbusfiunt, hydraulicis,qudft fiftulu contenta aqua. Extant Pneumaticanbsp;Heronis Alexandrini- C Percanalem lincam in angulum de=nbsp;diixi t ] ide/l fiiniculum,uti ahbi interpretatifumiu, Vtitur zy �bronbsp;cap.4^ D Cumanimaduercifletfextraftuc�li,] Sertbendumnbsp;extadu, E Hidraulicasmachinas/primusinftituit.] HocPlinbsp;nius tradit diilonbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Athenaus lib, 4-Dipnofophifton. De

cis diximodo,etcap.i.hb.t. F Aquar� expreffiones�uro/xa-rtss,] Vltronciis,�gt;ontdneds. Eiutautemtnacbinis'lfionte fuauerfatilibus^ pernbsp;femotis. wi^/^UTo/xaTosTro/K'Zm�;, Heronis Uber legendus eft.. Membnbsp;nitetiamAngelusPolitianusHAifcelldneorumcdp.�r� G Qu�iinanbsp;monitionecoafta. ] Eacihus efiquamutadmoncridebeat, mendumnbsp;fube]fe,fcribendumq; tnotione,non monitione, H C�rdinibus ex tornbsp;no mafculo SC f�raina] Vt ftt mafcutia'quiin alium inedt,intretue,nbsp;faemina autemiqua mafculum recipiat, Supr�, cuneosicr metam foltdatnnbsp;f^cauamippellduit, l Vti minus tympanum, queniadtno*nbsp;dum Epiftomium.] Epiftomiafuntquorummanubriorttm^Gracisnbsp;uocantur S5�lt;}�rgt;y �S) uerfationepatefiunt aut obturantur eortim canali*nbsp;um nareSjin quibuscoUocata funt.Huiufmodi utimur in capitibus non pernbsp;ennium�phonum,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;per eaiex malluuio, cur enimmon ita app��em � ins

truUeivml�uefcyphum cum Plutarcho nominabis, dum manus in diuerfoe rijs Iduantur, aqua aut influit, aut pofl ablutionempracluditur. Georg.nbsp;Alexandrinusinlib.j,varronisde reruji. cap^s. dicit,cjfef�rdmenipernbsp;quod aqua cffluityco tarnen in loco Varronis,re�ius!meo iudicio legds,epi �'nbsp;tonijs uerfis,qu�m epi�omijs,cr hoc,epitoniumqu�m epifiomium, quoinbsp;epitoniai�nt etiam uertibula epi/iomiorum: quanquam proprieieo nominenbsp;ucrticilla,�ucclauiculi, quibusdn cythara intenduiitur aut rcmiltuntur,fi�nbsp;iies,�gnificaHtur, 'nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;M- VI�

id futurum ; tradita aeftimationc, magiftratuibona eius obli gantur,donec opus �t perfeft�, Eo autcm ablbluto cum adnbsp;diAumimpenfa rcfpondetjdecreris.�i honoribus ornatur.nbsp;Itcm^� no n amplius quam quana/in opere c�fumitur,ad xdinbsp;manonemeftadijciendaiamp;de publico pr�ftatur,nelt;^ullanbsp;poena tcnetur.'Cum uero ampliusquam quarca in �pcrc connbsp;fumitur,cx eiusbonis ad perficicndumpecunia exigitur. Vdnbsp;nam;Dii immortales fecifTcntjquod ca lexctiam populo Ro#nbsp;mano,non modopublicis,fedctiam priuatis xdificijscfTetco^nbsp;ftituta : namc^, non fine poena graffarcnturimperiti, fed quinbsp;futnma doArinarum i�btilitatc effent prudentes , fine dugt;nbsp;bicatione profiterenturarchiteAuraminec� patres familia#nbsp;ruminducerentur/ad infinitas fumptuum profufiones,Siutnbsp;ex bonis cijccrentur: ipficj archite Ai p�n� timor� coaAi,di #nbsp;ligentius modum impenfarum ratiocinantes/explicarent,nbsp;uti patres famiiiarumiad id,quod pr�parauiffent,feupaulonbsp;ampliusadijcientes, �difida expedirenr. Nam qui quadringt;nbsp;genta ad opus poffunt parare, fiadijciant centum,habendonbsp;fpem pcrfcAioniSjdelcAationibus tenentur. Qiii autem ad#nbsp;icAionc dimidia,autampliorefumptu!oner�tur,amiffaipe,nbsp;amp; impenfa abicAa, fraAis rebus)amp; animis, defifiere cogun#nbsp;tur.Nec folum id uitiumiin fdif�cijs, fed etiamjin muneribus,nbsp;qu3�amagiftratibus|forogladiator�jfceniscpludor� dantur,nbsp;Quibusinec mora^ncc^ expeAatio conceditur, icd neceffitasfinbsp;nitotem#

DE ARCHITEC. LlB. X� 455 nito tempore perf�cerc cogft : un funt fedes fpe�raculorum,nbsp;A uelorumcj induAiones j amp; ca omnia 4 quae fcenicis moribua/nbsp;per machinationemiad fpcAationcs populo comparantur�nbsp;Inhisuero/opuseft prudentia diligenn,amp;ingenrj doftiffiminbsp;cogitatu,quod nihil eorum pcrficitur/Gncmachinatione,ftu#nbsp;diorumc^uario ac folcr ti uigorc, Igitur/quoniam hfc ita funcnbsp;tradita �i conftituta,non uidetur eflc a!ienum,uti caute fum#nbsp;mac^diligentia, antcquam inftituantur opera , eorum expc#nbsp;diantur rationes.Ergo quoniam nec^ kx,necj morum infti#nbsp;tutio/idpotcftcogercjamp;quotannis'amp;pr�tores amp;i �dileslu#nbsp;dorumcaufalmachinationes pr�pararedebent: uifummihinbsp;cft,lmpcrator,non cffe alienum,quoniam de acdificrjs/in prio 'nbsp;ribus uoluminibus,expofui,in hoe/ qui f�nitionem fummatnnbsp;corporis habet conftftutam, qug Gntprincipiamaehinarumnbsp;ordinata,pr�ceptis explicare.

LIO Nil IN PROOEMIVM, ANNOTATIONES.nbsp;Elorumqueinduftioncs. ] E(Si(gt;itriit)n,u�nbsp;Imn mimicum (itaenim fcribendum/ttpudDonitttim,nbsp;non minium ) ^uod populo ob��it, dum�bultiru/ntnbsp;d�ufimuiantur,hiciacciperepoffumui: ZTquot; ucld,quianbsp;but flagrunti�imo Sole,thedtrum,�rum etimmf qu4nnbsp;dogladit�orid �debitntur /}gt;e{liicul(i,intcgiintendi^t

�xTiiuv dicitur:akerumifpin'tale,quod apudcos7rni/A�tT'*'gt;V ap# pellatur,tertium.traftorium,id autem GrjciA��''��' uocant.nbsp;Scanforiiim autem eft, cum machtnx ita fuerintcollocat�,ulnbsp;ad altitudincm tignis ftatutis, Si tranfuerfarijscoingads^fincnbsp;periculo fcandatur ad apparatus fpeclationem.Spiritale eft,nbsp;cumfpirituslexpreft�onibusimpulfusj�iplag�iuoccscpior�nbsp;ganicwsexprimuntur. Tradtorium uero,cum oneramachi�nbsp;nispcrtrahuntur,aut ad altitudinem fublataicollocantur.nbsp;Scanforia ratio,'non arte,fedaudaciagloriatiir.Eacatcnationbsp;B nibus,amp;tranfuerfarr)s,amp;plex{scolligarionibus,amp;erifmat5nbsp;fuI�uris)continetur�Qu� autem lt;piritus poteftate affumit quot;nbsp;ingreffus, elegantes/artis fubtilitatibus/confequitur effeftus.nbsp;TraAoriaautem/maioreSjamp;magnificcntia plenas habet adnbsp;utilit�rem opportunitates,amp; in agendo cum prudentiarfum#nbsp;mas uirtutes.Exhis funt alia,qu3eimechanicws,alia/qu� organbsp;niews mouentur. Inter machinas amp; organa/id uidetur efle digt;nbsp;fcrimen,quodmachin�/pluribusoperibus,autuimaiorcjconbsp;guntur cftcAus habcrc,uti balift�,torculariumcp prcIa.Or� Cnbsp;gana autem/uniusoperc,prudenti tadu/perficiunt, quod pronbsp;poGtum eftjUti Scorpionis ,feu anifocyclorum uerfationes.nbsp;Ergo Si organa,Si machinarum ratio,ad ufum funtneceffa#nbsp;riajGnequibus/nunarespoteftefl�nonimpedita.Omnisau#nbsp;tem machinatio/eft a rcrum natura/procreata, ac a pr�ccptrwnbsp;ceSimagiftra mundi uerfationeinftituta. Namqueanimad^nbsp;uertamus primum,Siafpiciamuscontinentem Solis, Lun�,nbsp;quinc� triam ftellarum naturam, qu�'ni machinata uerfarennbsp;tur,non habuiflemus I'n ter ra lucem,nec fru Auum maturita^nbsp;tes.Cum ergo maiores�h�c ita effe animaduertiffent, c rerumnbsp;natura fumpferunt exempla,Si ea imitantes/tnduAi rebus digt;nbsp;uinisjcommodasuitae perfeceruntexplicationes. Itacgcom#nbsp;parauerunt/ut eGent expeditiora , alia/machinis Si earum uernbsp;(arionibus,nonnulla/organis, Etita/quj animaduerteruntzadnbsp;ufum utilia �Gc,ftudrjs,artibus, inftitutis, gradatim augendanbsp;doArinis curauerunt.Attendamuscnim/primum/inuentumnbsp;dencceGitatc,utueftitus,quemadmodumtelarumorganicisnbsp;adminiftrationibus, conncxusftaminisadfubtegmen,non Dnbsp;modo

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 45^ modo corpora tcgcndo/tucancur,fcdctiamiornatus adi{cigt;nbsp;ant honcfiatcm, Cibi uero/non habuiflcmus abundantiam^nbsp;nifiiugaamp;aratraibobus nimentiscjiomnibuseflentinuenta�nbsp;Sucularumcj�C prdorurn,amp; uediiiin, finon fuiflettorciilagt;nbsp;ris pr�parado,nec^ olci nitorem,nec^ uirium fruftum/habwnbsp;ryjotuilTcmus ad iucunditatcm .Portationesc^ eorum nonnbsp;6 eflcnt,nifi plauftrorum,aut farracorum percerram, nauicugt;nbsp;larum per aquam,inuenc3r effent machinationes. T rutinar��nbsp;ucroilibrarumq^iponderibus examinatio reperta,uindicatnbsp;ab iniquitatei'uftis monbus uttam. Non minusc^funtinnugt;nbsp;merabiles/moderationcsmachinarionumjdcquibus/nonnc^nbsp;ceffe uidetur difputare quoniam funt ad manum/qu�tidia^nbsp;f nx,ut funt rotaejfollcs fabrorum,rhed3c,cifia,torni,cxtcrac�lt; (Jnbsp;quae communcsad ufumconfuetudinibus habcntopportugt;nbsp;nttates. Itac^iincipiemus de h(s/qu�raro ueniuntadmanus,nbsp;ut nota fint,cxplicare.

A Plexiscolligationbus,] PlexM coUigdtionesiclicitimplicitdtt tonncx4f,fi(mbiKm(�i�furfum,�iolt;i(gt;cleorfum,niod�tr4nfuerfMn,trd�nbsp;du�HfUdriocomplexu. B Ec crifmatum fulduris.] Ful�ununbsp;erifiMtum^cil� inteHigit, cuimonf�tincognitum fcaldrum id genus, lt;juonbsp;�ojlri utuntunlegendis ab drborcfru�tbus, putandis ettam iugatis cr conbsp;pluuidtis uitibu4,ciuum non ejiicui atterius generts fcaht�pplicentur, hje�nbsp;reantue. ( debts enimlmi}nferinoefl,lt;}ui^hucat^illuctrdnsfirrip�ffitnt,nbsp;geliatorids�uidetur/dppellemus.)Fitdutetnidfcallt;fgenusihoepddo: rtnbsp;giUdifiuefidleS drreildr�iduo,quot bbetterretibusbdculisltrdijciuntiir^nbsp;(�rtdfje nuncmon inepte uoceniur fcandula, gu�J ipfinab inf�rioribusdinbsp;fuperiord lt;(fccnddtur,Cieeroni uer�/gradus dicuntur)tertius fiiftis,lt;Jiiodnbsp;fibuld coniunfluiiliberdm bdbet uerfationem, ut exp�cdrilcum libetif^ conbsp;plicdri po�it diudricdtus,prie�dt uicem erif �dtis, id eft, obnitentis /�M,nbsp;C Organa uniusoperx.] Dixitlmdchindspluribusoperibtahd*nbsp;bereeff��uf,quareihocloeo/cribo opere/tertiainflexione. Qt^iopenenbsp;fcripferunt'db operd,fil� funt,quod pofted feq�ttttr,prudentttd�u, Dnbsp;Connexusftaminisad fubtegmen. ] Stdmcnftd cft,ftdnlid in lon^

giHM�bt,r(tiiioii:um fubtegtnitie, id e� trdntd percurritur^n UdunMlternii fublatione ZT depre�ione, pendentif^ peilinis percu�ione/den�itur in tenbsp;bm Mt pitnttunt.ldforgMicis ndminifirdtiombus �t,quod in TextriM U�nbsp;brodocebimiKicumc�teris eins generis � E Sarracorum. ] Sdrrii�nbsp;cumpl�u�ri e�e genus,difcdfexlu!io Capitolina in Antonina Phtlofbpbo,nbsp;Tanta,inquie peflilentia ��t, ut uehiculis'cadauera exportata �nt, fair a�nbsp;cis^^ E Foiks[abrorum,]Pabrorumfilles,quibus/in�rnacibusnbsp;t!rcaminisutuntttriexcitandoigni,expre�itVirg,Aeneid,3^

�Alijluentofis �Hibus dur�t nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Accipiunt reddunt^;,.

Qtv) in loco funt^qiii pro uento�s, taurinii Icgdnt, credo, qu�d ea fibrilid org4nd,quibusiaccipiturredditur^ �iritus, tdurorumcorioconfient,nbsp;atq^itdfcriptHMefllib,Georg.G Cifia.] Cifium/uehiculiliirotinbsp;genuslElonioJ^ldrcello. VtiturCicerolpro EofcioAmerino, Decent,in*nbsp;quit�jorisnoawnisifexciriuinqitdgintei mi�idpd�uuict�is peruolauit,

PR Imumc� infiitucmus dc hi�s,qu� �dibusfacrisbd ope rumc^ publicorum perfeAionem/necel��tate comparar�nbsp;tur: quae fiunt ita. Tigna triaiad onerum magnitudinem ra^ Anbsp;tione expedfuntur ,�Ca. caplte fibula coniunfta, Si in imo di� Bnbsp;uaricata/eriguntur^funibus in capitibus collocatis, amp; rjs itemnbsp;circa difpof�tisferefta retinentur, Alligatur in fummo xrochf Cnbsp;lea , quam/etiam nonnulli, rechamutn dicunt. In trochleaminbsp;indunturorbiculiduojpcr axiculos uerfationes habentes,nbsp;per cuius orbiculura fummum/traijcitur dudarius funiside#nbsp;indcdemictitur amp; traducitur circa, orbiculi imum trochleaenbsp;inferioris, refertur autem/ad orbiculumimumtrochle�fu^nbsp;perioris,�i itadefcendic ad inferiorem. Si in foramine eiuscanbsp;put funis religatur. Altera pars funis�referturinterimasma^nbsp;chin� partes. In quadris autem tignorum pofterioribus quonbsp;Iodfuntdiuaricata,f�guntur chelonia,in qu�conifciuntur Pnbsp;fucularu capita, ut faciliter axes uerfentur, E� fucul� proxinbsp;me capita

DB ARCHITEC. LIB, X. 457 fnccapitahabentforamtnabina�a temperata,utucdicsin canbsp;c�ucnire pofl�nt. Ad rechamum autetn imumferrei fordpesnbsp;religantur,quorum dcncesfin faxa forata accommodantur,nbsp;Cum a ucem funis habet caput ad fuculatn religatum �C uegt;nbsp;des ducentes cam uerfant, funisfe inuoluendo drca fuculatnnbsp;extenditur,amp; ita'fubleuatoncra adaltitudinemSi opcrumnbsp;collocationes.

A Ti�gna tria.!a.ii onerum magnitudincm; ] Ea machina ho� dieutuntur nantie/capram uocantei^ B Et a capiteia fibula con=nbsp;�unda,] Poflerior (gt;rie[)o/itio�,dhunciat,Efl�iitemfihula^uamGrteci 1nbsp;arsj�vHv uocant)ueluti axiculiufiue fubfcidici�d,aut daniculHi, ^uotra*nbsp;�ciuntnr tignorum capita, ut duci po�int quo imte partes diuaricentur � Finbsp;bulaetiam in cingulis inte�ligitur;traieda enimperannulum pars, fibulanbsp;retinetur, �icitur o-fibula�uncineUus, quofoemintepolleriorem ue�emnbsp;pibnedunt. fibula item ufuifuitiad reprimendum coitu. Vnde fcribit Cor /nbsp;nelius Celfus lib,7.cap,is.adolefcentulos in�bitlari folitos,interdimt uo�nbsp;cis,iitterdumualetudiniscaufa,. Eiushanc^ijj� rationem, cutis qua [u�nbsp;per glandem e�, extendebatur, notabaturque utrim^ lateribusiatramen�nbsp;to,deinde remittebaittr,fi glans l� notis lib�ra erat ; qua nota erant,cutis �nbsp;acufilumducentetran��ebatur, eiusamp; fili capitaiinter fe deligabantur,nbsp;quotidie^ id mouebatur, donee circa foramina cicatricula fierentihanbinbsp;confirmatie erant, exempta filo fibula addebatur Eiufmodi fibula men�nbsp;tio e� apud luuenalem o- �Aartialem/non femel, qui refibulare dixit,pronbsp;fibulamfoluere,lib. Epigram.^,

C Alligatur infummo/Trochlea,quam etiamnonnulli Re chamum dicunt. j Trochlea fiue Trochalia aut Rechamum dicas,nbsp;tradorijgenerts e� machinaicum areo aut ligneo orbiculo,quiper axicu�nbsp;lii/muerfatur,traiedofiine dudario,. Vtimur etiamihaurienda �puteisnbsp;etqua,Qnanquamad iditoUenone utamur, alteram partempragrauan quot;nbsp;tepondere,ute�apud Sextum Pompeium ,Fiunt uer� trochlea, authorsnbsp;ifidioro lib, i�i�cap.z, ad fimilitudinem, 0. liter a Graca o�aua^dicun�nbsp;tur^�trochis,ide�rotulis, D Figuntur Chelonia,] Cheloniafwiinbsp;�i iq

uclu[iumbi!iciaut�nf�,qu�ddpmgunt!ir, id efljaffigunturarre�arijsjn ^udtteu inarmillas,conieHi fucularum c�rdinr$uerfantur,at^ ddc�nbsp;rotietdtda funt d}elonid,4 fimilitudine tcgumenti telludinis animalis,nbsp;dicitUTfUulgo tortuca,(^i{gt;fdte�a'X'e^vioij� E� autemfuculd lnbsp;tra�oru. machma,id e�,dxistraie�usutrinque proxim� cardinesiut�i^*nbsp;tus duobus,(]uibus'dum circumagitur ut manidirifs, du�ario tradu�o �tnbsp;ne/f}crtrochlc�^ltbet)orbiculos(�tenim amp;� fine trochlea )ohuolidtur,nbsp;ait^itafubkuanturaut dcprimunturonera.chclonia autem,ut id ijuoguenbsp;obicer addam,apud Ar^otelem Mechanicorum qute�ione.ii .funt macht �nbsp;nlt;e luxtaputeos/ad haurtendant�cilius aquant, alteram partem prtegraanbsp;uantepondere: ToUenones,ni� fi�or, uocauit Plinius lib. ts. cap, �. ZJquot;nbsp;Scxt.Pcmpeius. E Ad Rechamiim autem imumfcrreiForfi�nbsp;ces.] ferreos�rcipeslegerimhhentius/qu�mfvrfces; nami�isincidinnbsp;mutauttondemus�Calphurnius Aeglog.f.ne fitdcutaPor�ceieefacutis)nbsp;iUtsiad�cum utimur, dut calidum firrum in�rnaahusnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;tenemtts,cr

uerfamtts,tenaculds � tenendo uocantes. Ad ^orumfimilitudinenifuble� tiandis onenbus�rcipibuf ufifunt. ferredf regultu dudfiproclduo confianbsp;gcbantaxiculOfUt agipolfentf id e�adpruehen�ones cz morfum cotre etnbsp;Uxdrhimiscapitdgt;usunc�tdtif,quibuslpondti(piordicuspr�ehender�tur,

fuculdm,iuder* gdtdmireligatut,nbsp;dum uerfationenbsp;ddedf inuoluionbsp;tur,�rcifcmei*nbsp;�ringit,ctcdptiinbsp;oncrddtto�itnbsp;RotMldlid f�nbsp;fubleudndi poftanbsp;dirifrdtio. Ex*

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 4^^ eau�tur in mcdiohpis,quantum pro uaftit�te fdtis efl,fcditlt;t,ut�rnne exnbsp;cifeios angufium fit, �tndum ilatiuijn laterainduntur cuneoli �rrei duo,nbsp;qud pdrte Idtioresfunt, quibusiiUd copleantur ; quod dutem inter utrunq^ inbsp;udcui fupere�jtertiogrdc�iore impietur, dcindeidrmi�dtd cuneolorum canbsp;pitd/dnfd dd C inuerfifitnilitudinem,z:r ipfu drmtlldtdlprithenduntur,pernbsp;tirmtlldi!trdiiciturdxiculuf,cr �ibfiudiculdfirred,fiue clduiculo olgt;�rm4nbsp;tur/ne effiudt, reehami uncoidnfd prtehenditur, aut fitrochledluncum nonnbsp;hdbetydlligdtur finis duiidrius^ar ergdtdfubleudtur onus, Figurdmfub�nbsp;iecimut,

HAE Cautcm ratio machinanonis, quod per tres orbi# culoscircumuoluitur,tri(paftosappellatur.Cum ucronbsp;in ima trochleaduo orbiculi, in fiiperiori/tres uerfantur, idjnbsp;pentafpafton didtur, Sin aut� maioribusoneribuserunt manbsp;chin J coparand j,ani plioribus tignorii longitudinibus et crafnbsp;fitudinibus/crit utendmeteadem rationc/in fummo-fibulationbsp;nibuSjin imolfucularum ueriationibus expediundum. His

6 cxplicatis,antarijfunes/antelaxi collocentur,retinacula/ftipra rorte,dlt* C fcapulasmachin�/longcdifponantur :amp;finonerit)ubireli�nbsp;D gentur,pali refupinati defodiantur, amp; circum fiftucatione fonbsp;lidentur,quolt;unes alligentur.TrochIea)in fummo capite manbsp;chin� rudenti contineatur,amp; ex cojfunes pcrducantur ad pa^nbsp;Ium,amp; quae eft in palo trochlea illigata,circa eius orbiculum/nbsp;funis indatur,amp; referatur ad earn trochleam, qu�/erit ad cagt;nbsp;put machinae religaca. Circum autem orbiculiimfab fummonbsp;traieAus funis defcendat,amp;i redeat ad fuculam,quxieft in imanbsp;niachina,ibicjreligetur.VcAibus autem coaAa fucula/uerfanbsp;bitur,amp;:erigetperfcmachinami�inepericulo; ita circa difpofinbsp;tisfunibusj��rerinaculis in palis h�rentibuSjampIiore modonbsp;machina collocabitur � Trochle�;amp; duAari) funes,uti iupranbsp;feriptum eft,�xpcdiuntur.

A Trifpaftosappcllatur.] Trij^�jios� numeroorbiculorivinM men accepit,lt;ju�iqutinto plure$ adhibentur orbiculi, pondiK^udf� in pdvnbsp;tesconcifumdi�ributum^icommodiustrabittir^SiffiZaenim,tr�ho�4nbsp;gni�cdt, Eddem figurd diat pdul�pofiipentd/jgt;d�on,d (luint^i orbiculK,eTnbsp;polyjpd�oncdpitc f-crcdp.is, huiutlibri.dmultitudine� B Antarijnbsp;funes/antelaxicollocentur.] Aliquicodices hdbcntdntdni,�rtinbsp;fcribendum du�drijifunt dut�/qui per trochlea orbiculostrdiiciuntur. Cnbsp;Machin�long�difponantur.] Ewen(fafo�g�i�f�erfci�w. Dnbsp;Et circum/fiftucationcfolidantur.] Piflucdre,fifiucdddigere,�^nbsp;gere. Efi dutem fiflucdfigneum dnfdtum cr capitibuf ^dtum in�rumennbsp;tum,qHo,pdli[ublica^ in terrdm pdnguntur.

SIMILIS SVPERIORI MACHINA, CVI/CO� lo�icoterdtutiufcommittipoffuntf�nmutdtdduntdxdtfu*nbsp;culdintympdnum^ CAP. il II,nbsp;SINautcm colofficotera amplitudinibus Siponderibusnbsp;onera in operibusfuerint,non erit fuculx committentnbsp;dum, fed quemadmodum fucula thelonijs retinetur, ira axisnbsp;includaturhabcns in medio tympan� amplum, quod nontnbsp;nullijrotam appellantjGr�ci autcm �j^tplfiuw alqiripTfo^^ov uotnbsp;cant.ln his autem machinistrochlc�^on eodcm,fed alio monbsp;do comparantur.Habentenimamp;in imo �iinfummo dupli#nbsp;CCS ordines orbiculorum ; ita funis dudariustraijcitur in infenbsp;rior�s trochle� foramen,uti ^qualia duo capita fint funis,cumnbsp;crit extenfus, ibicpi fecundum inferiorem trochleam irefticutnbsp;la circundata amp; connexa,urr3ec� partes funistontinentur, utnbsp;nec^indextram,ncque in finiftram partem/poffint prodire.nbsp;Deinde capita funis keferuntur in fumma trochlea ab exterionbsp;re parte,amp;dei}ciuntur/circa orbkulos imos ,amp;redeuntadnbsp;imum ,conijciunturc^ infim� trochle� ad orbiculosex intetnbsp;riore parte, �c referuntur dextra ac finiftra ad caput fummaenbsp;trochlc�jcircaorbiculosfummos. Traiedi autcm abextetnbsp;riori partc/referuntur dextra ac finifira tympanum in axe,nbsp;�bic� ut h�reantjcolligantur. T um aut�circa tympanum int .nbsp;uolutus alter funis irefertur adergatamjamp;iscircumaftusitym quot;nbsp;panum

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 44t panum amp; axem inuoluendo,funes;qiii fn axe religati funt,panbsp;ricerfe cxtendunc,amp; Kalknircrlcuant oncraifine pcricuJo.nbsp;Quod � maius tympanu collocatu, aut in medio , aut in una

Atura/fa muchina �nbsp;rum ,pronbsp;grauior�nbsp;onerudeenbsp;Mtionibttsnbsp;Crremottnbsp;onibusi |i�nbsp;gurtt.

parre cxtrcma,habucn�t fine ergata'calcantes homines,expe^ diciores habere poten'tfopcris effeftus.

A Alter funis/rcferrur ad Ergatam .] Ergittainttchinittraiio* ri4,uelhoc�SiKul� diffcrt, quod axe e� reilo. Ndw chiim ucHibta ficutnbsp;Sucula uerfdttcr,non idquidemibrachioriim du�u,fed obnitentibus amnbsp;tientibiM uefUarijs.italiiirganunt uocantt

B Quod fi tympanum mai'us coUocatum.] Tytnpanumj^r^ ci etiam yifctvofj �ppettant)e� rotit ambitui magnigenui, cuius dreunt*nbsp;aillt;e,calcantibus hominibus adfixas progradibus r�gulas, axisfisne obuolnbsp;uitur,at^itapnerdextolluntur,dutfHblatadeprimuntur,

ES T autctn aliud genus machin�)fati'sartif�ci'ofum,5i ad ufum cclerkatisexpeditum : fed ineo/dareoperamnonnbsp;polTuntinifi periti.Eft enim tignum, quodlen'gnur diftinc^nbsp;tur rednaculisquadrifanam, fub retinaculis/cheloniaduonbsp;guntur,trochlcalftinibus fupra chelonia religatur;fub trochenbsp;leadegulaJongalcircirer pedes duos, Jatadigitosfex, �rafla;nbsp;quatuor,fupponitur.Trochle�(ternos ordinesorbiculorumnbsp;inladcudinemhabcntesicollocantur,itatresdudariifunesA'nnbsp;fummo machin� religantur. Deinde/referunturadimamnbsp;trochleam,amp; traqciuntur ex interiore parteipcr eius orbicu:?nbsp;los fummos. Deinde (referiinrur ad fuperiorem crochleam,nbsp;A SCcrar)ciunturabcxceriorepartelinintcriorem ,perorbicu^nbsp;los imos. C� defcenderint ad imum ex interiore parte, pernbsp;feciindos orbiculos traducuniurin exteriorem ,�ircferungt;nbsp;nirad fiimmum,ad orbiculos fecundos traiediiredeunt adnbsp;imum,ex imo Ireferuntur ad caput,et traiedi per fummos,rcgt;nbsp;B deunt ad machina imam. In radice autc machin�'collocaturnbsp;tcrtia trochlea.Earn aurem Gr�ciA7r�)-ovT�,noftri)artemonamnbsp;appellant.Ea trochleaireligatur ad machin� radicem habensnbsp;orbiculos tres, per quos traicdi funestraduntur hominibusnbsp;ad ducend�.Ica tresordineshominum ducentes, fine ergata,nbsp;C celeriter'onusad fummum perducunt. Hocgenus machin�/nbsp;t) polyfpafton appelIatur,quodmultisorbiculorumcircuitionbsp;nibus, amp; facilitatem fuminam pr�flat, amp; celcritatem. Vnanbsp;autem ftatutio tignihanc habet utilitatem,quodCantc)quan^nbsp;tum uelit�d dextra acfiniftra, ad latera declinandoonusde#nbsp;poncrepoteft. Harum machinationum omnium, qu�fugt;nbsp;pra funt fcr(pr�,rationcs, non modo ad has res, fed ad oncgt;nbsp;� randasamp;exoncrandasnauesfunt parat�,ali�ered�,ali�nbsp;plane/in charchefiis uerfatilibus collocat�. Non minus/figt;nbsp;netignorum ercdionibusinplano,etiam eadcm rationednbsp;temperatis funibus�i trochleis, fubduAioncs nauiumielFicnbsp;untar,

M�chitiit� rutritilo*nbsp;ri4ruindlt;inbsp;oncriiele*nbsp;Mtione^,nbsp;(�t^uibut'nbsp;monenturnbsp;ctlerUtrnbsp;er expedinbsp;t�,fisurte^

DE �RCHITEC. Li�. X. 44; repdrteiquodBononienfemMufcriptumexetnplitr'dgnofdt, b Eamnbsp;autem Gr�citTra^oVTa.noftri/artemonemappellant.] H�cnbsp;trochlemnmichm�!tcrtii,dL(itiniidrtcmo^dGrxciiiviyii)] uocacnbsp;tur.NicoldMLirMutittUKAdorum^pollolortim, Artemonemintersnbsp;pr�tdturudumpc(ruum,ficutAccurfiMPMded,lib.!o.deuerbofignif,nbsp;progubcrttdculoiquodfiemo crediderit.ifidorm Itb.i^.monuerdt/irtcmQnbsp;nem uclum effedirigendte potius nduis cdufa commendatum, qu�itt celeri�nbsp;tat is. Alijs uer�effc uclum placet addiditium, id c� uclum par uuin,lt;luodnbsp;ntaioribusuppcndi or affui folet,d uerboapaa,quod idbotenus iurifconnbsp;ful-lib.so.Pdnded.deuerbor,fignif,mdgisddditdmcntttelfe,qudm pdrl�nbsp;nduis.exifiimduit.Erdfmus Cf Alcidtus.itd dpud Lucd interprctdntur.Abnbsp;eins fimilitudin�,trochledm,drtemonem diddmc�'CfAlcidlUi credidit, Arnbsp;tcmd ucr�, id cft,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ut fcribunt Etymologusizy Vdrinus Pbduorb

nuiycfllorumidquodependetcrumend^ C Quodmultis orbiculo rum circui tionibus] Orbiculorum multitudineponderd �cilius trdanbsp;ddri^probdt LeoBdptilid irei nedificdtorie libro g,cdp,7.Lege etidmArinbsp;fiotelisVi.echdnic.qu��ionem.i3 . D Vna autem ftatutiotigni,nbsp;hanchabetutiliratem, ] QSioddtttnetddutilitdtcmhuius mdchinte,nbsp;uidimus Rotmelin ledificanda Bdfilicd D. Pd�, fubleudndis ingetitibus conbsp;lumnis, mdgnd mole compdddm multis tignis zy dfferibus trdbem'crgdtdnbsp;furrigiiin ed fummdidUtgdtie erdnt trochlcie du�, �ngulte f�ngulis �nibuinbsp;trdiedlt;eiq[uiiad proximdqudtuor dltd locdreligdti, quddri�ridmipfdtnnbsp;di�inebdntitdntijper^dum fubldtum poly�/d�o onusideponcndum e�et;nbsp;tumpro Idxdtoretindculorum alter o,fenfimiGr leuiter inclindbdtur comquot;nbsp;pddilis illd trabs, er columnam deponebat, E Ali � plan� in car-chefij s uerfatilibuscollocat�. ] Machinasin uerfdtiltbuscdfcheanbsp;f^s eo�oearitidem �ribit�uius libri cap. ultimo^

NO Ncftalienum/ctiam CteGphontis ingeniofam inuen tionem exponere. Is enimifcapos columnarum cx lap�nbsp;cidinisicum deportarc uellet Ephefutnad Diangfanum, pro^nbsp;Kk ii)

ptcr magn�udincm oncriim i 8c uiarum campcftrem molhV tudineni,nonconfifuscarris,nerot�dcuorarentur,ficcftcogt; ��nbsp;natus.De materiatnentalifcaposquatuor,duos tranfuerfa^ Anbsp;riosintcrpofitos duobus longis, quanta longitude fcapi fuenbsp;,, ratjcomplcftit �i compegit amp; ferreos clffodaces �ti fubfcugt; Bnbsp;�IiaS cofi deSjin capitibus (caporum/implumbauit,5i armillas in matenbsp;plexufcj}. ria/ad chodaces circundandos/infixtt,itein baciilisilignei�nbsp;capita religauiuChodaccs autem/in arniillis inclufi, libcramnbsp;habuerunt uerfationem tantam,uti cum boues ducerentfub^nbsp;iuntfti, fcapi'ucrfando in chodacibus amp; armillis/fine fine uoUnbsp;iierentur. Cum autem fcapos omnesita uexinent,lt;5i inftagt;nbsp;rent epiftyliorum uelt;ftur�,filius Crefiphontis Methagcnes)nbsp;tranftulic earn rationem e fcaporum ue�urasriam in epifty^nbsp;liorum dedudionc. Fecit enim roras/circiter pedum duode^�nbsp;num,amp;epifiy liorum capita/in medias rotas,cadem ratione,nbsp;cum chodacibusamp;armillis inclufit. Iracum trientesabubusnbsp;ducerentur,in armillis inclufi,chodaces uerfabant rotas. Epinbsp;fryliauero/inclulautiaxes in rotis, eadem ratione qua fcapi,nbsp;fine moraad opus perucnerunt. Exemplar autem eriteius,nbsp;qucmadmoduminpaleftris/cylindri ex�quant ambulation Enbsp;ncs. Neej hoc potuifiet ficri,nifi primum propinquitas eflet.nbsp;No cnim plus funtab lapicidinisjad fanum,quam millia pafnnbsp;fuumo(fto,neculluseftcliuus,fedperpetuuscampus. Nonnbsp;ftra uero mcmoria,cS coloffici Apollinis/in fano bafis effet anbsp;uetuftate difra(fl:a,amp; metuenresne cadcret ea ftatua amp; frangennbsp;retur,locauer�riexeifdcm lapicidinisybafim excidendam;Connbsp;duxitquidemiPaconius, H�c autem bafis/erat longa pedesnbsp;duodecim,lataipedes ofto, alta pedes fex. Quam Paconius,nbsp;gloria fretus, non uti Methagenes/apportauit, led eadem rannbsp;tione/alio genereconftituitmachinam facerc. Rotas enim cirynbsp;citer pedum quindecim fecit, amp; his rotis,capita lapidisinclunnbsp;fit: deinde/circa lapidem fufos fextanrale^abrotaadrotam, fnbsp;ad circinum compegit, ita/uti fufus a fufo/no n diftarct pedemnbsp;unum. Deindelcirca fufos/funem inuoluir,�; bubus iunftis/nbsp;funcm diicebat,iraicumexplicarctur,uolucbarrotas:iednonnbsp;poteratadlineain uia redaducere, fed cxibatin unam uel al

DE ARCHITEC, LIB. X, 447 teram partem,ira neccnc erac'riirfus retroduccre. Sic Paconigt;nbsp;C us'diicendo Sgt;i reducendofpecuniani contriuit ut ad folucn#nbsp;dum non e�et,

A De materia trientali.] ide�^crii�itudinisqMtuorpoUtcum.'B Compleftic,amp; compegit.] SinonUMatmendiijUfurpJuituerbumnbsp;comple�onbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;uer�codices hnbent^complexits e�-C Et

ferreos Chodaces.] Choddces, alijCnoddces,m�d[ententia,melii{i fcrtbunt^�unt�rrcd rotundaipdrte exteriore fubfcudicuMnexiremisnbsp;fcdporum ucldxiumcdpitibuf, implumbdtlt;e add�teuc,per qudfindrmilnbsp;lis (, fo �owi�c dccipimusifirreosdnnulos,cr ueluti umbilicosin drrc�d^nbsp;r'ijs,duttrdnfuerfdrijs)fcdpiidM dxes,etidmtorniuerfdntur, D Cumnbsp;Trien tes /a bubu s du ceren tu r. ] Pro trientalibus fcdpis, dixit trien*nbsp;tes . E Quemadmodum in paleftris/Cylindri ] Cylindrus,nbsp;Idpistcresiinmodumco�umnie,quo!dreiCdHt dmbuldticnesfoliddntur,nbsp;txnequdntitr^duolubilitdte di�iustndm KuAiv � e'm, uoluo�gni�cdt. Mctdsnbsp;phoricosufus e� Pythdgords/in uer�bus dureis (Jiquidem eiusfunttcf �5nbsp;potius alter tus cMulpidnf)cum dicitmortdles cylindris ex diijs in altd �rri^nbsp;indicdnsinunqudtnconf�jiere, F Fufosfextantales.j fiifosuocdtdenbsp;tndteridfextdntdles,ide�icra�dsduos po�icesregulds,drotddd rotdin/nbsp;per uniuerfum dinbituttt, ut icquo inter fc �gt;dcio: di�drent, du�dscr dd*nbsp;fixas, qu�dM c fitfo muliebriicum trdhitur inuolutumfilum/effundi uide*nbsp;tur,f^ uertitur fitfusi Udjinuolutus circum hds rcgulds f�nis/cum trdhere�nbsp;tur,explicdbdtur,exuoluebdiurcj;ie:y effundebdtur, dtq^ eo pdiloiuerfdba 'nbsp;turmdchind� G Vtadfoluendumnon eflet,] Vtidpcrficerenbsp;non poffet,quodfe ��urunt receperat. tidm isifolu�ffe dicitur, qidid �citnbsp;quodpromifit,du�ore VtpidnoPdndeil-hb.fo.deuerbo.fy rerumj�gniynbsp;fic.0- foluttonis uerbolomnetn fdtisfr�toncm dccipiendamibidet� fcr�it^nbsp;Et Pdulus turifeon � Solwttonis herbu d�dd omnem liber dtionem pertinere/nbsp;quoquomodo��dm.PdndeiHJib.46 defoluticnibus.Porrcrddfoluetidtinbsp;noneffet^dlxittprOffoluendononi�ct, Mdlij loquitntur.

DE INVENTIONE LAPICIDINAE, (X.VA tetnplum Didnx E phe�teicon�ruilum efi,nbsp;CAP. Vil.

PV S IL lutn extra progrediar,amp; de hislapicidj'nis,quetn admodum funt inuent�, exponamPixodorus fueratnbsp;paftor ;isinhislocisuerfabatur, Cum autem ciucsEphefio�nbsp;rumtogitarentfanum Dian�'exmarmorefacere,dccernegt;nbsp;rcnt^ a Paro, Pr�c�nefojHeracleajThafojUti marmorc;pcrnbsp;idtempus^propulfis ouibus Pixodorus/in code loco pccusnbsp;pafcebat;ibicg/duo arietes interfe concurrentes,alius alium,nbsp;pr�tcrierunt,amp; impctu fado unus cornu percu(ritfaxum,exnbsp;quo/cruftam,qu3ecandidiflimo colore fuerat,deiecit. IcaPi#nbsp;xodoriis/dicitur oues in montibus reliquiire,3c c ruftam curnbsp;fim Ephefum,cum maxime deca rcageretur, detulifTe. Ita ftanbsp;tim/honores ei decreuerunt,amp; nomen mutaucrunt, ut pro Pinbsp;xodoro,EuangeIusnominaretur:hodielt;^quot menfibusma Anbsp;giftratuslin cum locum proficifcitur,amp; ei facrificium facieSe finbsp;non fecerit,pcena ccnetur.

A Hodieque/quotmenfibus. ] Pro �ngul�men/tbus, eu figura/ qu4 ttos'quotannis didmustueteres cnimita loquebantur. Eo dicendtgenenbsp;reufiM efl lib.�.cap.4, et Cato ltb.dere ruflicacap. 4^. craliquo inlosnbsp;co Varro. Sed ar Pomponim eir Vlpianm lurifconfulti Pandedarit lib,nbsp;je.quMdodieslegati uel�deicom.cedat,praterfupcriui ufurpantquotnbsp;dicbus.Apuleiut uerolde afino aureo, lib.i*, dixit,quot dies; ficut PldUtMnbsp;in Stycho'quot calend�, tAeminiflis (inquit) quot calendii petere dementnbsp;fumcibum,

Detra(3:orqsrationibus,qu�neceffariaputaui,breuiter expofui,quarum motus amp; uirtutes,dug res/diuerfa;amp;nbsp;inter fediffimileSjUticongruenteSjira principia pariuntad dunbsp;os perfclt;3:us;un�porrclt;fti,qu� Grgeci t�ei�oY uocitant: altcrum '�nbsp;rotunditatis,quc kvkXwti'v appellanr:led uere neep fine rotun da^nbsp;none motus porrcAi, nec fine porreftoi rotationis, uerfatiogt;nbsp;oesoner�poiTuntfacere Icuationes, Id autem,u ^�ntelligaturnbsp;exponam.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 44^ expon�.Induc�tur uticcntra/axiculi in orbiculos,et in trochnbsp;leiscollocatur,perquosorbiculos funiscirc�aftus'direAisnbsp;duftionibus, amp; in fucula collocatus, uedium uerfationibusnbsp;one tu fadt egreflusin akG:cuius fucul� cardines,uti centra,nbsp;porredi in chelonijs,foraminibuscj eius uedes conclufi, capinbsp;�bus ad circinum circumadis,tornirarioneuerfandoifaciutnbsp;onerum elariones. Quemadmodum etiam ferreus uedis,c3nbsp;eft admotus ad onus, quod manuum multitudo non poteftnbsp;C mouere, fuppofira uri centro/cito porredapr�n�one,quodnbsp;Graeci l'jro/x�^^.xnnr appellant, amp; uedis lingua fub onus fubdita,nbsp;caput eius'unius hominis uiribuspreflunijid onus extollit. idnbsp;ante fir,quod breuior pars prior uedis,ab ca preffionc, quodnbsp;eft ccntrum,fubit fub onus quod longius ab co centre digt;nbsp;ftans caput eius,pcr id cum ducitur,faciundo motus circinagt;nbsp;tionis,cogitprelTionibusexaminare paucismanibus/onerisnbsp;maximi pondus. It^fi fub onus,uedis ferrei lingulafubiedanbsp;fuerit,necp caput ciusprefl�oneim�jfedaduerfus'inaltitudin?nbsp;cxtolletur,lingula fulda in arej folo habebit earn pro onere:nbsp;oneris autem ipfius angulum pro prcirione,itahon tarn fact#nbsp;liter,quam per preflionem,fedaduerfusnihilominusin ponnbsp;dus oneris erit excitatum.Igitur'fi plus lingula uedis fupra hynbsp;pomochlionpofitafubonus fubierit,amp; caputeiuspropiusnbsp;centr� preffiones habuerit, no poterit onus eleuarc, nifi (quenbsp;admodum fupra icriptum eft)examinatio uedis'longiuspernbsp;caput,necf iuxtaonusfueritfada. Id autemtxtrutinis,quaenbsp;ftatcr�dicuntur,licetconfiderare.Cum cnim anfa propius ca�nbsp;putjunde lancula pender,ubi ut centrum eft collocata, amp;fquinbsp;pondium in alteram partem fcapi'per punda uagando, quo/nbsp;longius,aut etiam ad extremum perduciturpaulo, etiam pagt;nbsp;ri pond�re ampliffimam penfionem parem perficit, perica^nbsp;pi librationcmamp;examinationem/longiusa centro receden^nbsp;tem.Ita imbecillior �quipondijbreuitas,maiorem uim pOnnbsp;derismomentodeducensjfinc uehementia, molliter ab imonbsp;furfumuerfum/egredi cogit.Quemadmodum etiam nauisnbsp;oncrar�; maxim�/gubernator anfam gubernaculi tenens,nbsp;quodo�a|a Gr{cisappellatur,unamanu'mom2topercentrij

amp; immanibus mcrcis SiC penus ponderibus/oncratamjeiustj G uela,cum fint per altitudinem mediam mali pendenna, nonnbsp;potefthabere nauiscelerena curfum,cum aucem in fummo ca jjnbsp;cuminelantenn� fubdud�funt,runc/uehementiori progr�snbsp;ditur impetu,quod non proxime calcem mali�quod eftloconbsp;centri) fed in funamodongius, amp;ab eo progrelf^/recipiunc innbsp;fe uela uentum.kac��iti ueciis fub onere fubieAus, fi per me#nbsp;dium prenaicur,durior eft, nec^ incumbit : cum aucem capuCnbsp;ciusfummumideducitur,faciliceronus extollit. Similiter ue#nbsp;la,cuin funt per medium tempera ta, minorem habent uirtu#nbsp;tem; Qu�autem/in capite malifummo collocantur/difcedennbsp;tia longius a centro, non acriore, fed eodem flatu/preifionenbsp;cacuminisjuehementius cogi�tprogredi nauem. Etiam remi jnbsp;circa fcalmos ftrophis religati, cum manibus impelIuntur-amp;nbsp;rcducuntur,extremis progredientibus a centro palmis innbsp;maris undis,fummamjimpulfu uehementiprotruduntpor#nbsp;re�am nauem, fccante prora/liquoris raritatem. Onerumnbsp;uero maxima pondera,cum feruntur a phalangarijs hexa#nbsp;phoris,amp;tetraphoris,examinantur per ipfa media centranbsp;phalangarum, uti indiuifi onerisfolido pond�r�, certa qua#nbsp;dam diiiifionisratione�quas partes Collis finguli ferantope#nbsp;rarij.Medif enim partes phalangarum, quibuslora tetraphonbsp;rorum inuehuntur,clauis funt finitae ne(labantur in unamnbsp;uel alteram partem. Cum enim extra finem centri promo#nbsp;uentur,prcmunteiuscollum, ad quem propius acceiferunt;nbsp;quemadmodum in ftatera/�quipondium cum examinepro#nbsp;gredifur ad fines ponderationum . Eadem rationeiiumenta,nbsp;cumiugaeorumflubiugiorumlorispermedium temperar# fjnbsp;tur,equalirertrahuntonera; cum autemimpares funt eorumnbsp;uirtutes,amp; unum plusualcndo/prcmitalterum,Iorotraic(ftoinbsp;fituna parsiugilongior,qu� imbecilliori auxiliatur iumen#nbsp;to.Itain phalangisfucin iugis,cum in medio lora n� funtcol#nbsp;locaca,fedcam partem, qua progredirur lorum a medio cen#nbsp;tro,breuiorcm cfficit,5i alteram longiorem,ea ratione,fi pernbsp;id centrum, quo loci/pcrdudum eft lor um,ucracp capita cir#nbsp;cumagentur.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 4^ mmagentur, longfor parsampliorc, brcuior/minorem age*nbsp;circinadonem. Et quemadmodiim minores roe�/duriore�nbsp;amp; difficiliores habenc motus;fic phalang�,amp; iuga,in quibusnbsp;partibusihabent minora ab centro ad capita interualla, pre^nbsp;munt duritcrcolla :qu� autem/longiora habentabeodemnbsp;centro fpacia, leuant oneribus extrahentes 3i ferentes.Cumnbsp;h�cfitaadcentrumiporreftionibusamp;circinationibusrecepenbsp;rint motuSjtum iicrofetiam ploftra, rhed� tympana, rot�,nbsp;Cochle3e,fcorpioncs,balift�,prela,c�ccr3ec^machin3e,ijfdeninbsp;rationibusfper porreAum centrum(amp; rotationem circini uernbsp;fatac,faciuncad propoficum effeAus.

A Quorum motus amp;:uirtutes.] Scribendumqult;irtvmjdejl,rit tionum. B Quern Gr�ci�fl/avuocitant.] ScrifcendKmEu��at'�nbsp;itaappeUatredumifjueporre�ummotum. C Quod GrarciVTto�nbsp;p.�j(A/o/jappellant.] Vc�ibus,idefllingulAtif,feurojlrtitispdliflTr*nbsp;reis aut ligneKtnouendis oneribus utimur,eosGrlt;eci/jLo^2.ixuocant,nbsp;unde UTTOfiiox^iofj quod ue�i fubijeitur. lllius enim linguitioneri fubditunbsp;fluero�ro(underofiratumuedemiPlinius inteUigit libro is.capAS, ) crnbsp;fuppo/i[ohypomochtio,prejfo capite, non paruainadjirri extoUendonbsp;onerffdcultdtemfenties.Ari/ioleles Uiechanicquiefiionef.hoc probat:exnbsp;quo librouideturVitruuius,quienbsp;hoc capite fcribuntur, hauftfjetnbsp;perpetuis lUe quatuor uocabu^nbsp;lis in demon�ratione utitur, ue^nbsp;dis.hypomochlq, ponderis, crnbsp;motoris;femel autem �atuit,tannbsp;to ficilius 1er plus ponderis moanbsp;torem mouere, quanto ab hyponbsp;tnochlio di�abiimagis. D Idnbsp;autem/ex trutinisquf fta�nbsp;terx dic�tur, ] Videqux�io

quoJ fc�pOi/jue iugo'in medio lingulatoM lingU4Gr�c� �.�voSp, Idtin� ex amen dicitur, appenfis in cdpitibus lancibus, Mtque earutn nice �nt, itinbsp;anfiuerfaiucrfAturX PhocylidesinadmonitorioPo�mdte sa^p.opno�nbsp;minity Arifloteles!^\iyop, Llt;itiiti,librlt;im. )ex4men!cumfummo medto M*nbsp;fe pun�lo re/pondet,nec in hMC Mt i�am partemiinclindtur, fit ^equilibrinbsp;urn,fine�ciMmentumdielu^um Sexto Pompeio.ldgettunbildnceiuo�nbsp;Citnt�AlterHmgenustefldmidii�qudftltbrd,idefiH^iluy!op,untiisfcilicetnbsp;bncK,Mtunci!prolance,ArillotctesNiechMic, �paAa-yyaaowf. vitru�nbsp;uiuHStdteram.quod uocabulumiRomaniretinuerunt, Vulgm noftrumat�nbsp;que Hi�mntintfRomdnam appellat, Proxim� caput �capifunde lar.xdepennbsp;det dut uncus,dnfd eflie� examineiquod fcdpi fdperefi, punit is aut lineif,nbsp;fiuedenticulisiefi dillinaum,�ngulis certi ponderis indieibiK,eum per fcanbsp;pum uagans tequipondiumittis mfederit. Porroiquanto tongiuf ab lequih�nbsp;brato examine receff�rit, tantoimaiorisuim ponderis nancifcitur.Appcnnbsp;diculumdutemquodperfcapu uagaiur, Vitruuius uocat^quipondiiwt,nbsp;Ariflotelesin M.echanic,a�lt;peiU^u/j.x. Seapusfitueilis, pun�a infcaponbsp;ejfe pro hypomochlioifiunt quiinterpretantur;nosuer�axiculumquoinnbsp;anfauerfiatur fcapus, intelligimus pondus eJJ�jquodin Unce imponitur.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 4^^ tW^;g�6er�lt;lt;for,woforM. F QuioVa^aGr�cisappelJatur.] q��nbsp;iernaculi �ummapirs,(iult;xm dnfiimiV�ruuius nominlt;tt,Au�ore tulio polnbsp;luce Onomd�tltb.i.cdp.c,. oiA^dicitur'.quMciu�mcfipfttfn etidmtot�nbsp;gubcrnaculu�o nomine intclligi po�it,uelte�e Thomct mdgi�ri�ibro de dinbsp;�ionibuf Aff/cfj;i�crfMpd�40�/ji,ilt;Hfjlt;^a,dKtU3y�^wA�-a uocatunex*nbsp;tremapdrsiT7f�^iiyidp;guodrel!quume�au}(Hp dppellittur, G Eiusanbsp;que uela/cum flint per alntudinemmcdiam] Lege que�ionemnbsp;6.Mechdnic-Ariflotelis,i!Adluii�t ueiais;mdli fedes�d e� iS'u�iop/Ar^onbsp;teli e� hypomochiton, Vitruuiodp�us mdU calxinduigiumlpondui ; fpir jenbsp;tui qui ueld tendit, e� motor, Velorum generdltrdditi�dorutlibro ety�nbsp;wologidrum isgt;.cdp.3.i�d e�e^dcdtion,epidromon,dolonem,drtemonem,nbsp;�pdrum,(^ni�mendo�ne� codexjmeudicum, num quod�t^non cxplt�nbsp;(dt.Acdtion,uelum ejfedit mdximum.e^r in medid ndutcon�itutum;Epianbsp;dromon, fecund�e�'emdgnitudinis,fcdddpuppim ; Dolonem,minimunt,nbsp;f^dd proramde�xumiArtemonemiutilixi�irigendie nduispotim cdu�t /enbsp;c�mmenddtum,qu�m celeritdtisiSipdnmiunum pedem hdbens,quoiiuudrinbsp;nduigiafolentinnduigdtione,quottesuisuent�dnguefcit, H Cumaunbsp;tcminfummocacumineantenn�fubduAafunt, ] No� dubianbsp;um e�^quin �t legendum lubdui�, ut re�rdtur dd dntenn�. Cum inquit/nbsp;tnfummomdlicdcumineifubdu�i�funtdntenn�, non ueld fubdu�d in ca*nbsp;cuminedntenn�,��enimdntenndiUgnum intrunfuerfummdlipo�tum,nbsp;unde pendet uelum,Gr�CLKd^oiiot.p dicunt, ArtemidoriM lib .i.de interprenbsp;tdtionefomniorum,utdetur�i�OKi^cult;xpdppellj�e,Vdleriui�ldccuilib,nbsp;i.drgondut.O' Lucdnutlib.s, qt io. �oc�grt�c4'Cer�cboj�oclt;lt;�f,^M0rfnbsp;cornudhdbedt, SiR�oKd^oiza dutftinteiusextrem�pdrtes.ATertullidnonbsp;lib.t.dduerfut Mdrcionemcornud uocdntur,Gr Virgil.Aeneid.fMdli dUnbsp;temipt id ddddm ex fJldcrobio Sdturnul. f^pdrs in�rior/Ptema, purs meanbsp;didTrdchelon, pdrs fummdCdrche�on dicituri qudnquam eddepror�anbsp;apud Athen�um fcriptd funt bbro n.ex A�lepidde ^yrledno, 1 Etnbsp;remieircafcalmosftrophisreligati,] Scdlmitfdiciturinnduiubinbsp;lor� remui idligdturjp�um dutem lorumidu�ore PoUuce hb.i.cdp-c,)uoanbsp;cdtur'T^OT:(arKlt;^,VitrHttius!llrophdi dppelldt,Ldtinil(e�c t�doro lib.

fcalmoi. K Extremis progrcdientibusacentroparmis. ] Sari tenduin pdlmisuut palmulis. AppcHantur enim palmuhe remi, ut fcribitnbsp;Sext.Pompeius,adf�mlitudmem tn�nus human�. Centrum uer�hoc loconbsp;accipimus profcalmo, au�oritdte Ariflotclis Mechanic � iju^�ione.nbsp;�iam cum fint remigumitres di/firenti�,tradente lulto Po�uce kbro t-cap,nbsp;�.eorit�gui in prora nauigat,qui ^�cKxfjJoi dicZtur ; coUocdtorivm in menbsp;dio,lt;juiZiyyioinomtnanturtArifloteli'p.ilt;r�vtoi,�tertiorum, qui m puppinbsp;exiflentes^i'iiKV^Toceuocanturfipfe iUe Arifioteles demonftrat ,remigeinbsp;eos,qui media nauifunt coUocati,maxime earn propeUere ; tbi entm maxi�nbsp;m�nauem peIU,ubi maris plurimum fecatur jnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;autcm [�cart, ubi

plurimum remii ccntro,tdefi,[calmo intus efl; maximam autem remi par temi�[calmo in medio nauis intus effe,cum ipfain medio ampliorfit. Re�nbsp;mumue�em,[calmumhypomochlton,marepondtu,remtgemieumlt;juiuenbsp;�cmmouet,refirreuult. Tanto autem f�ctliusmotorem pondus mcuere,nbsp;quanto ab hypomochlio pars ue�ts magssdiflabitquampremit, crantenbsp;tnonuerat qudflioncf.^y hac repctitiut iam ficd^f^cipiatur, qult;e (it hunbsp;iufinodirerumcaufa. Remipartesfiittraduhturi lulioPoBucelibro. i.nbsp;Onomaft.iyx^^''^��Pgt; manubrium} oupaxoa'/pars medtaiTifi^ocnbsp;puera^iToiu�irsapultimapars^quauelutijit^lmamdefinit. L Poquot;nbsp;dera cum ferunfuraphalangarii)'s.']Pftiii�4rt�'�^^/H�tfc4i�/z,4pfri*nbsp;langis teretibus fiijlibus,quibusiontra pondera^ firunttran(uehuntue;quinbsp;fi (eni [unt,hexaphori,fi quaterni,tetraphori appeUantur. Phalanges fi�nbsp;uePhalangi�itulioPoUucihb.7.[untfitfles,quitus[uppofidsnauesadpe 'nbsp;iagus dttrahutur,aut ad litus fubducuntur � Nonio Marcello dicutur palaunbsp;g�,unde cr palangariosdit uocari, quos hic/Vitruuio effephalangarios 4nbsp;phalanga interpretamur,Plato/id baiuloru Itgnu Sjitu otfofiop uocat,auanbsp;dore Pollute di�olibro: M Premuntciuscoll�fadqu�propiusnbsp;acccfler� t.] Arilloteles in Mechanic, hoc tradit,qu��mne xj. phalan�nbsp;ga,id t�lv'Xop Ari�oteli^uedisuicemobtinetyonusprohypomochlio e�,nbsp;propinquior onerifit id quod mouetur,remotiorpro motore habetur. Nnbsp;Subiugiorum loris.] ACatonefubiugialocadicuntur,cap.gt;}s-ltb..nbsp;dcreru�ica,quibusiiumentorMnco�aiad iuga adligantur, lulio PoHucinbsp;W �. J'eo-^y.a [untloraiquibus iugumtemoniconiungitur; ipfe au�

DE ARCHITEC. LlB. X. 455 tcmclatau ct�inuoluuntur/�sta^ didtunnam quo/roldyufnaxa offirmattf'nbsp;t�r,�^uBoA�^ dicitur Erittofihcni,Zirnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;crcdimus

NV M�dcorganis,qii�adhauriendum aquam innen tafunt,quemadmodn uarrjsgcneribuscomparentiir,nbsp;A exponam:amp;primum dicam de tympano : Id autem/non altenbsp;tollitaquam,fcdcxhauric expeditifiimc/mulntudinenima�nbsp;B gnam. Fitaxis/ad tornum aiit circiniim fabricatuscapitibusnbsp;lamina ferratis, habens in medio circa fe;tympanu ex tabu#nbsp;lis inter Ce coagmentatis ,collocatnrcjin ftipitibnsfhabenti#nbsp;bus in fefub capite axisferreas laminas.In eins tympani cauo/nbsp;interponuntur ofto tabul� tranfuerf� , tangentes axem/amp;nbsp;�xtremam tympani circuitionem , qu� diuidunc �qualia irtnbsp;tympano fpacia.Circafrontem eiusfiguntur tabul�, relidisnbsp;femipedalibusaperturisad aquam intra concipiendam.Itemnbsp;fecundum axemcolumbaria Hunt, cxcauata in fingulis fpa#nbsp;eijsfexunaparte. Idautemicumeftnaiialirationepicatum,nbsp;hominibuscalcantibus ueriatur, Si hauriendo aqua per apernbsp;turas,qu�;funtinfrontibustympani,reddit eam/per colum#nbsp;baria fecundum axem . Itaifuppofito labro ligneo, habentenbsp;una fecumteoniunftum cana!em,amp; hortis/Sd irrigandum,5�nbsp;falinisadtcmperandumipr�beturaqu� mult/tudo. Cumnbsp;autem altiusextollcndum erit,eadem ratfoicommutabiturnbsp;fico. Rota fict circQaxcm/eadem magnitudine,u t ad altitudinbsp;nem , qua opus fuerir, conuenire pofi�t. Circum extremumnbsp;latus rot�/figentur moduli quadrati,picc;amp; cera folidati,nbsp;Ita/cum rota a calcantibns uerfabitur, modioli pleni'ad fumnbsp;� mum elati,rurfusadimum reuertentes, infundent in cafte! #nbsp;lum/ipfi per fe, quod cxtnlcrunt. Sin antem magis altis loci�/nbsp;�rirpr�bendum,in eiufdemrot� axe/inuoluta duplex fer#nbsp;rcacagt;

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 457 tea catena,detniflaquead /mum libramennim collocabfrur,nbsp;habensfitulos pendentes aereos/congiales. Ita/ucrfado rotae/

caccnam in axcm iniioIuendojefTert fitulos'in fummum, quiz cum fuper axem peruchentur,cogentur inuerti, amp; infundercnbsp;in caftelium id aqu�, quod extulcrunt.

Rom, ^�4 tislocisexnbsp;cipituraanbsp;quafitultinbsp;congidlisnbsp;tgt;w firrednbsp;cdtcndfu^nbsp;U'sn/tSt

A Etprimumdicam/dctympano.] Tympdnum,hoclocohdua ftorium ejl organon: namide tympdno maMndtrd(iorid,dtxi fupra cdp�nbsp;4. B Aurcircinumfabricatur.] DefflpritpofitioddtdutfcriKnbsp;bendum f�bricdtiu.Circinum autem Gr^ci/Zia�iiTiuj dicunt.Ari�opha*!nbsp;nes in nubibuinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;oJ�t A/irKo/;,�ZT� /la�iTiw AaZcop, id ell, cu

ebclifcumcurualfet,moxlcircinucdpiens. C Infundcnr incaftell�,] Cd�eUum hic interpretoniinnjifjitri�.fiueconceptacul� d�/Uietympano ornbsp;gdno hduflie, ex quo deriudri po�it per candies, dut tubosin quxuif loca^nbsp;fumend�nbsp;aquam exnbsp;flaminbnbsp;bus, aptd^nbsp;que/dd monbsp;lendum fitnbsp;rinam^

FIVMTet�am in fluminibus rotae/cifdem rationibus, quibusfuprafcriptumeft. Circa carumfrontes/aff�gun#nbsp;lur pinn�, qu�t�� percutiuntur ab impctu fluminis ,coguntnbsp;progredientesiuerfarirocam:amp;ita/modiolisaquara hauricnnbsp;tes,amp;in fiimmum references,fine operarum calcacura,ipfiusnbsp;fluminisimpulfu uerfat�, praeftantiquod opuseftadufum,nbsp;Eadcmracionetciamucrfancur hydraul�,in quibuseademnbsp;funtomnia, praeterquam/quod in uno capite axis habentnbsp;tympanum dencacumJamp;inclufumU'd autem/adperpendicu^nbsp;lum collocatum in cultrum, uerfatur cum rocapariter. Segt; Bnbsp;cundum id tympanum, maius item dentacum plani� efi colgt;nbsp;locatum,quotontinetur axis, habens in fumtno capite Tub^ Cnbsp;fcudem ferream,qua'mola concinecur Ita dentes eius tympanbsp;ni,quod eil in axeinclufum ,impellendo dentes ty mpani planbsp;ni,coguntfierimolarumcircinationem, inquamachinaim� �nbsp;pendens infundibulum, fubminiftratmolis frumentum,�Cnbsp;eadena ueri�tionefubigitur farina .

A Eademratione/etiam ucrfanturHydrauI�.] UyJraulMj uocittm(tchittia,^uteiuilt;i^u�/nonhominumc4lcatur(i'uerfttntur, B Colnbsp;locatuminciiltrum.] Alias incultro,ut infranbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;C Habens

infummocapitefubfcudemfcrream. ] intcUigitniuocl uulgoap pettamut'frrrummolendini. D Impendens infundibulumfub�nbsp;miniftratmolisfrumentum. ] infrindibulunt, prielertjuamquoilnbsp;apuJM.Catonem capitenbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;accipitur proeo, quainuafaliquores

inf�ndimus,(2� Pliniuslib.i^.cap.ts. perquodradicis impofititcarboni� bus nidoriimbibitur, eft or in mo�etrina fiue molendinoi.inlirumentum,c{uo inbsp;machinlt;eappenfrgt;,mobtlis or tremullt;e lignes ltnguepercu�ione,mini^4nbsp;tur molisfruinentum,undcfrrindj�4t.Violteinfrriorp�rsineta,fuperiornbsp;cdtiUus dicitur, du�iorc Paulo 1 urifconfulto, PandeH, lib, a, de fund. in=nbsp;flruS�, t�ud uer�non abs re di�lnm f�erit molat antiquisf�tffe iumentd*nbsp;ri4s:auttnanu�rit(S,quasGslliustrufAtikslib. j-uocat, utrafijiiCafr^^nbsp;Cr Trcbdliusupud Iabolenum,pandc�.di{lo cdpite,efje in�rumenti pu�nbsp;tdntiOfrilioleffr [upe�eflilisfnon re�� exifiimdnte:fr(eruntpoftedietidmnbsp;a^udriiC

qtu fcribit^iflrtnd, i� cfi moletrittits,fi alt;iux copia eli^ta debere confirui^ utibii�rmatK aquarijs molts,fineanimaliuinttel hominttmlabore,fi-u�nbsp;mentafrangantur

A TT ST autem ctiam cochlex ran�o,qu3e/magnam iiim hau# r, rit aqu�, fed non tam alte tollit,quam rota. Eins autemnbsp;ratio/fic expeditur. Tignum fumitur, cuius tigni quanta fue#nbsp;rit pedum longicudojtantaidigitorum expeditur craffitudo:nbsp;g id^adcircinumrotundatur.In capitibus/circinodiuiduncurnbsp;fircinacioneseorum'retrantibusin partes quatuor, ueloftannbsp;tibus/in partes olt;flo!duftislineis ; ext�line�A'tacollocentur,nbsp;ut in plano pofito tigno ad libellani,utriufcf capitis line�/in#nbsp;ter ferefpondeant ad perpendiculum ; ab his deindc/a capitenbsp;ad alcerum caput/linex perducantur conuenicntcs,uti quamnbsp;magna erit pars odaua ci rcinationis tigni, tam magnis fpa#nbsp;cq^diftentfecundum latitudinem.Sicamp;in rotundationeamp;innbsp;longitudine,�qualia fpacia fient. Itaquo loei defcribuntur linbsp;ne�,qu�/funt in longirudine fpeftantes, faciend� deeuffationbsp;nes,amp; in deeuflationibusfinica punfta. Hisjta emendate de#

C fcriptiSjfumitur falignea tenuis,aut de uicicefeda regula,qu�/ un�a liquida picc,figitur in primo deeuflis punfto: deinde/nbsp;tratjciturobliqucjadinfequentes longitudinesamp;circuitionesnbsp;decufiium.Et itajex ordine progrediens,fingula punda prx#nbsp;tereundoamp;circuminuoluendojcollocaturin fingulisdecui#nbsp;fationibus:amp; ita'peruenitamp; figi^ad earn lineam, recedensnbsp;a primo in odauum pund�, in qua/priena pars eius eft fixa.nbsp;Eo modoquantum progreditur oblique per fpacium pernbsp;odo punda, tantundemlin longirudineprocedit adodauSnbsp;pundum.Eadem raffonefper omnefpacium longttudinis�cnbsp;rotundttatis/fingulis deeufiationibus oblique fix� regul�,nbsp;per odo craffirmdinis diuifionesiinuolutosfaciunt canales, �4

fuftam cochlex/naturalcmc^imitationem. Ira per id uefli'gi# 0 umfali� fuper alias figunturiundce pice liquida, �i exaggerannbsp;tur ad id, ut longitudinis oftaua pars fiat iumma craffitiido.nbsp;Supracas/circundantur amp; figunturtabul�,qu3e/perrcgantnbsp;earn inuolutionem:tunc/e� tabulae pice faturanrur, amp; lamigt;nbsp;nisferreis colligantur, ut ab aquae ui/ne diflbluantur. Capitanbsp;tigniferreisclauisamp;laminisc0unentur,ijsqu�infigunturftylinbsp;ferrei. Dextraautem amp;finiftra cochleam/tignacollocantur,nbsp;in capitibusiutracp parte habcntia tranfuerfaria c�fixa.In his, Bnbsp;foraminaferreafuntinclufa,inquceainduc�turftyli,amp;ira conbsp;chlea/hominibuscalc�tibus/facituerfationes.Eredio a�ceiusnbsp;adinclinationem/ficentcollocanda,utiquemadmodumPygt;nbsp;thagoricum trigonum orthogonium,dercribitur,ficidhabegt;nbsp;at rcfponfumiid eft uti diuidacur longitudo;in partes quinc�;nbsp;carum triutn txtollatur caput cochleae ,ica/erit a pcrpendicunbsp;loadimasnareseiusfpacium, partes quatuor. Quarationcnbsp;autem/oporteat id efte,in extremo libro/eiusforma deftripta Gnbsp;eft. Qii� de materia fiant organaadhauriendam aquam Hnbsp;quibus rationibus perficiantur,quibuscj! rebus motus recipigt;nbsp;entiaipr�ftent uerfationibus infinitas uiilitates, ut effent no; Inbsp;tipra,qu3mapcrtiffimepotui)pcrfcripfi.

A Eft autem ctiam cochleae ratio.] tiau�oriuMorgdnunihoc loco cochlea efl. Eiufmodi organoniuidimus ad fliecum lacus Tra�meni,nbsp;quinuncjPeru�nus dicitur,acceptlt;e per Flamnium Confulem ab tiannibdnbsp;lecladiimemoriatnoti�imuf. l�� uer�coccflerat M.ec�oai mcui,alleflttfnbsp;recordatione tant� rei. fitit autem ea cladislin planitiemer Mcutum mottnbsp;ternes Gtetum�acctitc.quamiSanguinetie riuMiexMtuio monte mananffnbsp;inter fee at, in Tra�menumconditur : i�e^abet ab ortuwllam, inflarnbsp;oppiJi,Tuorum di�am, ab occafu�ueesqusbui ciaufus flerat F�aminiut,nbsp;imertdieTrafimenuminonita procullocuf eflubicaftrametatoifre^^tnbsp;HanntbakqUiCtialbs Romanadiciturfefl Q�aria�:U!cus,ab e�ium diildnbsp;multitudine,uerfus Corionam.'� Tra�menotribus pafluum millibuidianbsp;flans. Libuit ifludnoftr�i lucubrationibmuppendicis utee addcrc,ut uelnbsp;bitic,lumenaltquodcrflgt;leniior hi�oriie adflrretur^ B Diuidunturnbsp;circina�

DE ARCHITEC. LIB� X. 4^^ circinaciones corum tetrannbus. ] In(etranteiGTo��antesidicuiinbsp;tur diuidi circinationes�uerotundationes cu in partes nequalcsquatuor,nbsp;out o�lo,diu:duntur, du�lis d centra dd circun�rentidm lineis, ut it^ualidnbsp;reltni^UiinturIpacid. C Aut dcuiticcfedarcgula-] IdeflAmerinanbsp;falice,lt;ju� ttulgoiagntis cdftusdicitur,a.yvoi} lt;tutcm,idellciiftum'dGr�cisnbsp;uocatum effe, apud DiofcoridemW, �. cap. no. reperi, quod inTefmo�nbsp;phorijs facrii Cereris,ca�itdtem cu�odientes multeres, �lijs einsi�bi eft*nbsp;bitus�erncbant. EtnoskuminltAonte lucoSpolctinoruminueni�emiK,nbsp;eiusrei pertculutn �Hur�nobifcum detulinius. D luftam cochJe�'nbsp;naturalemqueirairationem. ] ide�^tortili^ clauiculata/^iratd^nbsp;�ru�urd'coch�.eit re�runt te�am. De torculari cochlea dixt lib. 6.cap. g.nbsp;E Tranfuerfariaconfixa. ] Qu�tigna,nelabdnturdutudcillcnt,nbsp;retineant.QUdin�gnt�cationetufuse�libro s.cap.6, A cdrifittifci�/co?�nbsp;pdild tranfuerfarid, cardines enm intelligitiimas anconum partes. Fnbsp;Quemadmodum Pythagoricum trigonum orthogonium/nbsp;defcribitur.] Dchochbrocf.cdp.i.mtdtaVitruuius�cribit. G Innbsp;extremolibro/eius forma defcriptaeft, ] E� htec defcriptionbsp;cochlcte/cumalijsperijt. H Quademateriafiuntorgana.] Serinbsp;bendumsju�,ndm machina qua fequuntur,non ligno folum,fed are etiaminbsp;con�ant. I Pr�ftenc uerfatjonibus ad infinitasutilitates-]nbsp;Ad,prapo�tio uidetur uacare;quanquam cuipiami�ria�e uidebitur po=nbsp;fitumpro ufi^ dd,qua�diceret,utilitates ad uf^ in�mtasifedid no placet�

INS Equi'turnuncdeCtefibfca machina, qu�z In alritudi^? nein aquam educir,monftrare.Eafit/exjre,ciiiusin radidgt;nbsp;bus/inodiolifiuntgemelliipaulum diftantes,habenfcsfiftulasnbsp;(furcill�funt figura )fimilirercoh3erentes, in mediumcacigt;nbsp;num concurrentes, in quo catino/fiant axes,in Cuperioribusnbsp;naribus fiftularum/coagmentatione fubeili collocaci : qui/prgnbsp;obturantes foramina narium,n� patiunturexireidquod fpinbsp;riru/incatinuinfucricexpreiTum.Supracatinum/penulajUrinnbsp;fundibul� inuerfum, eft atte�peratajqu� eciam per fibulamnbsp;cum

cum cao'no cunco traiedo, continctur �i coagmentatur, ne uis i nflarionis aqu�eam cogat eleuare. Infuperfiftula quf tunbsp;ba dicitur,coagmentata,!n alntudine fit ercda. Modioli augt;nbsp;tern habSt infra nares inferiores fiftularum/axesinterpofitosnbsp;fupra foramina earum, qu�lfunc in fundis. Itadefupernisinnbsp;modiolis emboli mafeuli, torno politi,amp; oleo fubaAi, confnbsp;clufic^ regulis amp; ueAibus conuoluuncur,qui'ultro citrocp'frcnbsp;quentimotuprementesa�rcm,qui erit ibi,cum aqua/axibusnbsp;obturantibus foramina, cogunt amp; extrudutinfland o preifionbsp;nibus ^er fifiularum nares/aquam in catin�, e quo recipiensnbsp;pcnula fpirituslt;exprimitper fiftulam in alritudinem,amp;itaexnbsp;inferiore loco caftello collocato ad fal iendum aqua fubmigt;nbsp;niftratur, Nec ramen h�cfola ratio Ctefibijfcrtur exquifij?nbsp;ta,fed etiam plures/amp; uarijs generibus ali3e,qu� ab eo liquornbsp;repreffionibus coadojfpiritu lefFerre a natura mutuatosef� Anbsp;fedusoftenduntur ; uti merularum , qu� motuuoccs edunt, Bnbsp;atcj: cngibata,qu� bibentia/tandem mouent figilia, c�tcracjynbsp;qu�deledationibusoculorum amp; aurium fenfus eblandiunnbsp;tur; equibusqu� maxime utiliaamp; neceflaria iudicauffelcgi, cnbsp;in priore uoluminedchorologtjs, in hocyde expreffioni#nbsp;bus aquae dicendum putaui. Reliqua.qu� non funt ad necefgt;nbsp;fitatem,fed addelitiarum uoluptarcm,quitupidioreserunt,nbsp;eiusfubtilitatesiex ipfius Ctefibijcommcncarijs/poteruntin^nbsp;uenire.

A Prefsionibuscoad� . ] Legocoaito,utre�rdturddfcquctt* temdi�lionem,�gt;iritu, B Vtimerular�,qufmotuuoces�dunt,nbsp;atqueengibata� ] lAerulteiGrengibdtd�egentrefunthydrduldruM,nbsp;quor am illii quidem jreddcbdntur uoca huradtidrum imitdtrices,cr cdn*nbsp;tus duium eff�lrices;his dutemmouebmtur icuncuU (libenter enim utornbsp;uerboSuetonij)tdnquam uiuerent,lio�rotemporeinon�iirittfuidquteconbsp;cepto, ut lUd, fed �diculis er neruis occultis�giUduidtmus dmbuldre.er^nbsp;humdnd onmid'prieter fermonem 'repraf:ntdre. E lt;� imagunculdsGr aanbsp;uocant vtifji �c�Tasa* C In priore uolumine'de horologt] ��] Ltamp;,nbsp;!gt;,quibunc pTifcedit cdp. 9 dc hisfermo,

A I EHydraulici'sautcqiiashabe�trati'ocinati'oncs,quam I J breuiflimeproximcc�attingerepotcrojamp;fcriptura c5nbsp;reqiu,nonpr�rermittam. De materiacompa(ftabafi,arca innbsp;ca'cx �rcfabricatacollocatur. Supra bafiin'eriguntur rcgugt;nbsp;Ise/dextra ac finiftra.fcalari forma compad�, quibus/inclii^nbsp;duntur �rei modioli/fundulis ambulatilibusextorno fubtilinbsp;terfiibatftis, habStibus fixos in medio fcrrcos ancones, amp; uernbsp;ticulisc� uedibus coniun�los ,pellibuscp lanatis inuolutos.nbsp;Item in fumma planitiaforaminacirciterdigitorum ternum,nbsp;quibus foraminibus proxime in uerticuUs collocati �rei delnbsp;phini,pandentia habcntes catenis cymbalafex ore,infra foragt;nbsp;mina modiolorum chalata intra arcam, quo lociaqua fufli�nbsp;g necur.Ineft in idgcnusutiinfundibulum inuerfum,quodfubnbsp;ter/taxilliialticircitcrdigitorum ternumfuppof�ti librant fpanbsp;cium imum,imaintcr labra phigaeos/�i arc� fundum. Sugt;nbsp;pra autem ccruiculam eins, coagmentata arculaifuftinct ca^nbsp;put machinj,qu� gr�cc'm� novffinjm- appellaturn�n cuius longinbsp;tudine/canales,fitctrachordoseft,fiunt quatuor: l� hexachorgt;nbsp;C dos,fex:fi oftochordos, oAo.Singulis autem canalibusfins�nbsp;gula epiftomia funtinclufamanubrijs fcrreiscollocata , qu�nbsp;manubria cum torquenturex area, patefaciunt nares in cananbsp;les, Excanalibus autemtanonhabet ordinata in tranfueribnbsp;foramina, refpondentia in naribus,'qu� funt in tabula Cumfnbsp;ma,qu3e tabula gr�ce-jr'v�/ dicitur. Inter tabulam Sicanonainbsp;regul� funtinrcrpofit�,ad cundem modum forat�amp;olconbsp;fuba��,ut faciliter impe!lantur,amp; rurfus'introrfus reducannbsp;tur:qu� obtur�t ea foramina,pleuritidcsqf appellantur, quagt;nbsp;rum itus Si reditus, alias obtur�t, alias aperit terebrationes,nbsp;H� regul� habentferreachoragiafixa �iiunftacum pinnis,nbsp;quarum pinnarum tadus motionesefFicitregularum. Continbsp;nentur fupra tabulam foramina,qu�/ex canalibus habentnbsp;egreffum fpiritus.Regulisfunt annuli agglutinati, quibuslinnbsp;gul� omnium includuntur organorum. � modiolis autem/

gcntesc^ad nares,quxfunr inarcula,inquibusaxcsfuntex torno fubafti�i ibi collocati, quit� recipic arculaanimam,nbsp;fpiritum non patientur obturantes foraminarurfus redire,nbsp;Ita/cum uciflcs extolJuntur, ancones deduc�t fundos modionbsp;lorum/ad imum ,delphinicj;qui funtin uerticulisinclufichagt;nbsp;lantes i n os,cyi�bala replent Ipacia niodiolorum, atcf anconbsp;nes extollences fundos intra modiolosuehcmenti pullus ere#nbsp;britate,et obturantes foramina cymbalis fupcriora,acra quinbsp;eft ibi claufus preft�onibuscoadum, in fiftulas cogunt pernbsp;quas/in ligncaconcurrit,amp;pereiusceruicesiin arcam:motio�nbsp;neuero ueftiumuehementiore,fpiritusfrcquens,compreirusnbsp;epiftomioruin apercurisinflLiit,amp; replet anima/canales.Itacjjnbsp;cum pinn�manibus taift�ipropellunt amp; reducuntcontinennbsp;do^x muficis artibus/mukiplicibus modulorum uarietatigt;nbsp;buslbnantesexcitant uoccs.Q.uantum potui niti,utobfcuranbsp;res per fcripturam dilucide pronunciarctur,c�tendi. Sed li�cnbsp;non eft facilis ratio, nec^ omnibus expedica ad intelligenduni)-pr�ter eos,qui in his generibushabet exercitationem. Qiiodnbsp;fi qui parum intcllexerint e fcriptis, efi ipfam rem cognolc�r.

A DePIydraulicis autem.] Huicorganigenertnonadmodum ab fimikcratid, quodgenerKuocabuloOrganutnuocamui, nifi folo [fiiritii gt;nbsp;abfi^ue at^ua uteremur, Cteteru/m'cum�nt organa aut 'ivTa.Ta,qu�.inttnquot;nbsp;done perficiuntur, aut ifa.Ttv^six,qu�/f}gt;iritutnflanturdn (iu�ihydrauiianbsp;referri dcbcat,(ju�rit Ariftocks apud Afhenieum hb. ^.fed tn earn fente�nbsp;dam incumbit,ut ftt ffxm ^soij,c}iiod eius �flul^flat� ab aqua acciptant.

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 467 k,Crfuaucmfonumreddunt, B lufundibuluminuerfum. ] iti�nbsp;fitndibulo/inu4�iorisangufli lilt;iuores infunduntur- C Singulis au�nbsp;temcanalibus,fingulaepjftomiafuntinclufa] Quemitdmodunbsp;falienlium �ue �phunculorum orac�i/iomio cotrcentur,mlt;inubrioloruntnbsp;tut� libetuerfatione^aqua tffluit: it a tn tnujico orgdttoepi�omijs continetnbsp;tur,lt;iut laxittur �nritusiex area in canaks, ut etiain in fine hunu capittf.nbsp;Qjjoloco,qui compreffiutdteitur eptfloniiorum, zy inuetuftocodicelepi�^nbsp;tonicorum, eum ex alto codice hb�tius dixerim compreffum epttoniorum,nbsp;promdnubrijsepillomiorum, D Alterius obruranrforamina.]nbsp;Sequitur, alterius aperiundo^quarefcribendum �bturando. Atiqui codicet lt;nbsp;habent alternis,id eft uicifiimineque ea ficriptura caret du�oritatc'O'nbsp;gantia.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;*'

TR A N Sferatur nunccogfrarus fcriprurgbd rationem noinutilem, led fumma folcrtia a matoribus traditam:nbsp;qua'in uia rheda fcdentcs,uel mari nauig�ces, fdre polTumus/nbsp;quot milia numero/itinerisfecerimus.Hocaucem/eritfic. Ronbsp;A t3e,qu� eruntin rheda,fintlat� |xrmcdiam diametron pegt;nbsp;dum quaternum amp;i, ft xtandsuit cum finitum locum habcatinnbsp;fe rota, ab eoep incipiatiprogredieusin folo ui� faccre uerfa#nbsp;tionem,perucniendo ad earn finitioncm,a quacceperit uerfa#nbsp;ri,cercum modum fpaciiliabeant/peraflum pedum, xp. Hisnbsp;ita pr�paratis,tunc/in rot� modiolo ad partem inferiorem,nbsp;tympanumiftabilirer includatur,habens extra frontem fusenbsp;j5 rotundarionisiextantem denticulum unum , Infuper autem;

ad capfum rhedjdoculamentiim Hi miter figarur,habens tyin � panum uerfatile/in ciiltro collocatum, amp; in axiculo/conclugt;nbsp;fum.In cuius rympani frontem, denticult perfidanturaequa#nbsp;liter diuifi,numero quadringend, c�uenientcs denticulo rymnbsp;parti infcrioris.Pr�tercaifuperioritympano/adlatusRgaturnbsp;alter dendculus|gt;romincsextra dentes. Super autem terciumnbsp;tympanum planum, eadem ratio ne� dentatum inclufuminnbsp;Nn i)

4�?S M. VITRVVII POLL, akerum loculamentum co!locctiir,conucnicntibus denn'bu�nbsp;denticulo,quiin fecundi tympani latere fuerit fixus :in eoqucnbsp;tympano foramina fiant, quantum diurni itineris miliariogt;nbsp;rum numero/cum rheda polTitexiri, minus plusue rem nihilnbsp;impedit:amp; in hisforaminibus omnibus,calculi rotundi collonbsp;ccnrur,incf eius tympanifthecaCfiue id loculamentum eft) fiatnbsp;foramen,unum habens canaliculum ,quacalculiquiinconbsp;tympana impofitifuerinr,cum adeum loc� uencrint,inrhegt;nbsp;d� capfum amp; uas �neum, quod erit fuppofitum , finguli ca^nbsp;derepofl�nt.ka/cum rota progrediens lecum agattympagt;nbsp;num imum,8identiculum eius fingulis uerfationibus,tymgt;nbsp;pani fuperioris denticulos,impulfu cogatpr�terire,eff�cier,nbsp;urcumquatercenties/imum uerfatum fuerit, fuperius tympanbsp;num femelcircumagatur,amp; denticulus,qui eftadlatuseiugnbsp;fixus,unum denti�u.1 urn tympani plani,'producat,Cum ergonbsp;quadringenrenis uerfationibus imi tympani,femel fuperiusnbsp;uerfabitur,progrenus)efficietfpacia pedum miliaquinep,idnbsp;eft pafliis mille. Ex eo/quod calcu li deciderint fonando, fingunbsp;la milia exiffe/monebunt. Numerus uero calculoruex imonbsp;colleAus, fummadiurni miliariorum itineris numerum in#nbsp;dicabit, Nauigationibus uero,fimilircr paucis rebus com#nbsp;mutatis, eadem ratione efficiuntur, Namcptraficitur per la#nbsp;tcra pari�tum/axis, habens extra nauem,'prominentia capita,nbsp;in quae^includunturrotae'diametro pedum quaternumamp;fe#nbsp;xtantisjhabentes circafrontes,affixas pinnasaquam tangen#nbsp;tes.. Item m�dius axis in media nauihabet tympanum, cumnbsp;unodcnticuloiextanti extra fuam rotunditatem. Ad eum lo#nbsp;cumicollocaiur loculamentum, habens inclufum in fe rym#nbsp;panum^peraequatis dcntibusquadrii^entis,conuenienribusnbsp;denticulo tympani,quodcft inaxe inclufumtpr�tereaad la#nbsp;tusafFixum extantem extra roiunditatem/akerum dentem.nbsp;Vnum infuperjin altero loculamento cum co confixo,inclunbsp;fum tympanum planumjad cundemmodum denratum �qu*nbsp;bus dentibusidenticulus,quieft adlatus fixus tympano,quodnbsp;�ft in cultro collocatum, in cos dentes qui iunt plan! tympa#nbsp;fti jQnguIis uerfationibusfingulos dentesimpcllcndo in or#nbsp;hemg

DE ARCH�TEC. LIB. X. 4^ bem, planum tympanum uerfet, In piano autem tympanonbsp;foramina fiant, in quibus foraminbus/collocabuntur calculinbsp;rotundi.In theca eiustympanjCfiueloculamentumeft)unutnnbsp;foramen cxcauetur,habenscanaliculum,quatalculus liberanbsp;tusabobftantia,cumcccidericin uas aereumfonitumfignifinbsp;cer Jta nautacum habueritimpetum,aut rcmorum,aiituengt;nbsp;torum^atu pinn�, qu�'eruntin rotis tangentesaquam ad^nbsp;uerl�ra^uehementi retrorfus JmpiiKu ccaaftae/ucrfabuntro#nbsp;tas.Eaeautem in uoluendo feagentaxem, axis uero'tympa#nbsp;num,cuius dcnscircumadus,,fingulisuerfationibus/fingugt;nbsp;los fecundi tympani dentesimpellendo,modicas efFicit circuit/nbsp;tiones. Itacum quatercenties abpinnisrot� fuerintuerfat�,nbsp;femel tympanum planum circumagertt/impulfudentis,qui/nbsp;ad latus eft fixus tympani/in culcro. Igitur/circuitio tympaninbsp;plani, quociefc�c� ad foramen perducet calcules, emitcet pernbsp;D canaliculum.. Itaamp;fonituSi numero indicabitmiliaria fpagt;nbsp;cianauigationis. Qufpacaris�amp;fincmeru:temporibus,adnbsp;iitilitatcmierdeleftationcm paranda,quemadmod�debeantnbsp;fiert ,percgiflc uideor:nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ANNOTAT tONES.

A Sintlatac permediamDiametron,] DMmetros,qujmLlt;i* tiitidime�entem dicunt, e/i reiia bneit, fignrdmiqudm long'�ime pdtttKxnbsp;at^uofecdns, ugt;ideHaiTlt;x^ix^iTjgt;ojj^apud Biftlium act Athana/ium,nbsp;tpttJAthana/iumlibrodeNtcenaSynodo, prolongi�titie^ B Adca�nbsp;pfumrhedx-.] Cap�tnii�capicndodi�a^rhcdxpjr5,ubic}iiiuc�lM*nbsp;tur^fedent. C Inculrrocollocatum jSuprai�rhocloco/igtii/�catfnbsp;in eukro coUocari tympanum,quando ejl in latni, �ue ad perpendiculunt,nbsp;Ut loquitur,er non planum^uodloqitendigenusSretinei Italia, D Itanbsp;amp;fonitu etnumero/indicabit miliaria fpacianauigationis.)nbsp;Hoflrt �cuknautceionge�iilitufcurfui fuos dtrigunt, er quantum naui�nbsp;gationispcra�tumfinnt�Bigunt,eausbene�cto,quinonitamultis retro fenbsp;culifjn Campaniieoppido Amidphui,pyxidicttliMi:am:calybe magne 'nbsp;teprimus�bricatus traditur,,cums indictoiad polosmauttedirigerentur,nbsp;Quanquam nondc�tnt,qui apud Plautum in Trinummoiuerforiam pronbsp;ti� ab�wli in�rumcntointerpretantur.i Bud ante nos monuit Gregoriufnbsp;f^raldus,cr eoprionBlondm t'lauius^hoaetum Hcrmolaus.

NV N Cuero/quxad pr�fidia pcriculf, 8i ncceff�tatcm A faluds funt inuenra.i.fcorpionuin,carapultarum,amp; banbsp;liftarum rationes,qinbtis fyminecrrjs comparari poflinr, exnbsp;ponam.Etpriiiium.de catapultis�ifcorpionibus.Omni igi Bnbsp;tur proportioneeorum ratiodnara/expropofitafagitt�longt;nbsp;gicudinc,quam(id organum mittere debet ,eiuscp non� par#nbsp;tis, fit foraminum in capitulis magnitudo,per quftendunturnbsp;nerui tord,qui brachia cottdnerc catapultarum debent. Eo#nbsp;rum autcm foraminum capituli/fic deformatur akitudo amp; lanbsp;ritudo.TabuI�,qu3efuntinfunamo/6^in imocapituli,parainbsp;leliq; uocantur, fiant cralTjcudineunius foraminis, ladtudinc inbsp;unius��ciusdodrantis, in extremis, foraminis unius�C. S,nbsp;Paraftatf dextra ac finiftra,pr�tcr cardines, ak� foraminumnbsp;quatuor,craiT�!foraminum quinum ; cardinesforaminis Snbsp;p. A foramine ad medianam paraftatamiirem foraminis S 9.nbsp;Latitudo paraftadosmedi�luniusforaminisamp;eius.lK. crafnbsp;fitudoforaminis unius.Interuallum/ubi fagitta collocarur innbsp;mediaparaftade/foraminispartis quart�. Anguli quatuor,nbsp;qui funrcirca(inlateribusamp;frondbus,laminisfcrreis,autftynbsp;lis�rcisamp;clauisiconfiganrur.Canaliculifquigr�cesyif dici#nbsp;tur)Iongitudo,'foraminum.xix. Regularum, quasnonnulUnbsp;bucculasappellanr,qu�/dcxtra acf�niftra canalcm figuntur,nbsp;foraminum.xix.altkudojforaminisuniusamp;craflirudoiamp;afnbsp;figuntur regul3edu�,'inquasinditurfucula, habens longimdinbsp;ncm foraminum trium,ladtudinem (dimidiu foraminis; crafnbsp;fitudobuccul�queaffigitur,uocitatiir camillum,feu^iiem#nbsp;admodum nonull^ocularncntum fecuriclatiscardinibusCnbsp;xam foraminis .i.Akirudo,foraminis. S. Sucul� longitudo.nbsp;foraminum.::: craiTitudo fcutuI�,foraminum,ix.Epico#nbsp;xidoslonginidoiforaminum.S:-'�craffitudo.'�� Item chcfonbsp;(fine nianucladiciiur)Iongitudo foraminum. ifi. latkudo �cnbsp;craiTiiudo.S:-'* C.inalis fundi longirudo, foraminum. xvi.nbsp;craffitudo foraminis iactudo, S;- � Columella Scbafis innbsp;fol�

DE ARCHITEC, LIB. X. 471 fblolforaminum viif.Iadtudo in plinthide/i'n qua ftatuftur conbsp;lumella,foraminis.S:-'�cra(ricudo.Fz. columcllaelongitu#nbsp;do ad cardinem,foraminG.xti. �;;;.la[itudo,foraminis. S;-�nbsp;craflitudo.��.Eiuscapreoli tres,quorum longicudo/foraminbsp;numj'x.lantudozdimidium foraminis ^�crafTitudo.z.cardi#nbsp;nis longitudinisforaminis lt;�? coiumell�capins/longirudo.i.nbsp;S.K.antefixa/Iatitudoforammis.a.S 9 craflitudo.i.poftenbsp;rior minor columna, qu�gr�ce dicitu r avr'ILwitr foraminuinnbsp;odo,Iatitudo foraminls.Sd.craftirudinis. Fz. fubicefto foragt;nbsp;min�.xrj.latitudinis amp; craflitudinis eiufdcrn,cuius minor co#nbsp;lumnailia.Supra minor� coJumna chcloniGfiuepukiinus dinbsp;cicurforaminG. iiS lt;�gt;. alritudinis. iiS. Jatitudinis. SI:�*nbsp;carcliebi fucularQ foraminG.I IS .1 lt;�?, cra(rirudo(foraminis.nbsp;S rj lt;�gt;. iatitudo.i.S .tranfticrfarns cum cardinibus longirudo/nbsp;foraminum .X �'�/,laticudo .1. S. lt;�? . decern �C craffitudo,nbsp;bracht] longicudo. iS. foraminum. yi]. craffitudo ab radicenbsp;foraminis.Fz.infiimmo foraminis, Gz, curuaturseforami#

num ofto.H�c/ijs proportionibus,aut adic�ionibus,aut de tradionibustomparantur. Namfi capitula altiora quamnbsp;�rit laritudo'faAa fucrint(qu�/anatona dicuntur)dcbrachi�snbsp;demctur, ut quo mollior eft tonuspropter altitudinem capigt;nbsp;tulijbrachijbreuitasfaciatplagam uehcmcntiorem.Siminus Dnbsp;altumcapif-uliim fuerit(quodfcatatonum dicitur)propter nenbsp;hcmcntiam, brachia paulo iongiora conftitucntur , uti facilenbsp;ducantur.Namc� quemadmodumueAis,cumcftlongicudi#nbsp;ne pedum quatuor,quod onusquincf hotninibus cxtollitur,nbsp;is fi eft pedum ofto,a duobus cleuatur : cod� modo brachia,nbsp;quolongiora func,mollius,quo breuiora^ duriusducuntur�nbsp;( Hatte catapulta Jefcrip�onemlexijfdemhabuiGriecisauthoribtK,nbsp;iMcunJi quosiv�ruuiui dtat:tjudttt ^uoq^^li/fdein di�iontbus grtecis anmtaui,quienbsp;uerba d^i inueni, ut �udio/tsnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ingentof�s non deejj�m, gut for fan ibi proficere

funt, pot(runt,ubi cgodf�ci'.guandone^ ex Vitruuio,neg; tx ipfis authoribut (utingenifmet ttnu�attmfrtcar) inicgramre�amudnulligentiamicx*nbsp;torguireualui.)Jf

A Nuncucro/qu�adpr�fidiapcriculi.] HicVi/ruuioirut'�* fui atrox uulnut inflixtt iniurta temporis,aut potiuiihominu negligeitMtnbsp;vtramenimmagisaccufem,pendeoantmi.Non fatii cratprtfianti�minbsp;audorii Ktili�mum opuiilocodefteBis turpiter dtuulfum effe, acf�da^nbsp;tum,nifinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ea parte,guide machintf be�tcis tradit ur.foeJi�:ine de�rmd

tum effet,ut mhildicam de uitijsiguibut totum f tatebat. Et�m quidem po teratiBiuslociiadura, gu�dmutto mehusic�liratioicx alijs audoribufnbsp;cognofei pc�it,eorum uer�qua de machtnu traduntur,grauii non effe nonbsp;potefi,qu�d nuUa ueterum extent monfmenta,undc'gua/t uia �ernaturcrnbsp;htc no�er audoriade� maculofufS�t,zy ut it a dicam,cdrcinomattbuf de^nbsp;/ormts,utttcq; AefculapiUimedtcus,guamlibet� ucteribut po�tis egregi�nbsp;laudatui,curare po�it, H^fc resime multum tor�t, ac d'U folie itum habuit,nbsp;omnibui ingenij utrtbui contendt tex altguot exemplarium uefiigi� emenanbsp;dare, nee quteguam tarnen pra�et. Sagacioris ingenij alifguod adiptfci nanbsp;pott�,confeguentur.Vtcungi�t,ne guid �udip�5,guo ad eius �cri poffet,nbsp;deeJfem,gtM(lun)annotauij B Primum/deCatapultis amp;Scor�nbsp;pionibu�

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 475 p�onibus.] Hoccapite!crfelt;juentibufduolgt;u{, nemo non uidel/catapul^nbsp;tii cr Scorpiontbut mittifagittiU.BiiliHii autemucilapides.Vegetiiu denbsp;re militari lib.^.fcribitjbalifiKinon folumlapidcs, fednbsp;nbsp;nbsp;lacula/mitti. A�

lulium Cafiremllibro de beUo ciutli �. Icgo^catapultis faxa iici,�cut apud VnderiumM^dxtmumlib'i.�liceslbaltllK^cr Cicerone lib t.Tufcul.nbsp;quosrefirt Honiiu. AmmianusMarceHinusifcorpionibufnbsp;quidem lapides,bahflts autemimittifagittat tradit,eiiu uerba ex lib, n.nonbsp;ptgebit adferibere, ut po�itutriufq; defcripttoiconjirricum Vitruuianif^nbsp;Prius igituride bahfla.deindelde fcorpione. Ferrum ( inquit de bali�alo�nbsp;qu�s)inter axiculos duos/compaginatur, O' ua�um tn modum regidte mdnbsp;torts extenlttm,cuius'exuoluminetereti,quod tn medio arspolita composnbsp;nit, quadratus eminet flylusiexten�us reHo canalis angufti meatuxaud*nbsp;tui, obac multiplici chorda neruorum tortor urn lUigatus, ciq^ cochle�nbsp;duitligneteconiunguntur apti�ime,quarum prop� unam ia�ijiitarti�xnbsp;contemplabtlis,0' fuhtiliter apponit in temonis cauamine fagittam ligne�nbsp;amf^iculo maioreconglutinitam,hoc^ �u�oihincinde ualidi luuenes uer�nbsp;fantagiliterrotabilemflexum. Cum ad extremitatem neruorunt'acumennbsp;tieneri[fummum,percita interno pulfu� baliftaiexocults auolat,interduntnbsp;nimio ardorefcintiRans, Sequitur fcorpionis�rma ^Dolantur axes duo,nbsp;querneiluel ilicefcuruantur^ mediocriter,ut promincre uideantur in gib�nbsp;ios,hiei}:in modum ferratort� machina: conne�untur, ex utroq^Uterenbsp;patentiusper�rati,quas inter cauernas�ines colliganturrobufti,compa�nbsp;gem ned�iluncontinentes. Ab hac mcdietatercftium,ligneuiflylus exur�nbsp;gens obliquas, Oquot; in modum iugalis tcmoni^ereiliu,ita neuorum modula 'nbsp;implicatur,ut altius toUi po�itio inclinari,fummitati^ eiustinci�rrei conbsp;pulantur,�qutbuslpendeat ftuped,uel�rrea �tnda, cuilignoiproflerniturnbsp;ingens cilicium palets con�rtum minutis.ualidis nexibus tUigatumicr locdnbsp;turn fuper conge�os cef^ites, uel lateritios aggercs : nam muro faxeo hu�nbsp;iufmodi moles impo�ta, di�eHatiquicquid inuenerit fuper ,concu�ie'nenbsp;uiolenta,non pond�r�. Cum igiturad concertationein uentum �erit,lapi�nbsp;de rot undo �ndaimpofito ,quarterni altrinfcciu iuuenesrepagulaqui�nbsp;tutsincorporatifunt �nes^explicantes rctrorfus�ylum pen�uneinum in�nbsp;flinant � ltaq;demumifublimisa�ansmagi�er,clau�rumquod(otius ope�nbsp;risconiinet uineutd,referai malleo fini per claufum,undcabfolutusi�it

uolucrK �yluf,cy moHitudine offcnjui cilicij, fixum contor^uetii^uic^uiii cccurrerit coUifurum, Et tormcnt� quidem app(�tttur,ex co^uod omttisnbsp;tx^licdtio tortjueturtScorpiodutem,quod dcule� dcfu^rhdbet ere�um,nbsp;cui etid Ondgri uocdbul� indtdit lt;etM noue�d, ed de re,quad d�ni feritumnbsp;uendtibui d^itdntur,itd cminus Idpidesipoft tergd cdlcitrdn�olemittunt. utnbsp;per�rent pe�ord fequentiu, dut perfrd�is o�ibiujcdpitd ipfd dt�loddabnbsp;Hd�enui Midrccliinm^ec emenddtui fdt�, ncc fdtii bonm duflor lingunenbsp;ldtini�:fedhbuit oflendereltemporumindefcrtbendis iyr componendit renbsp;bui difcrimen � Sunt dpud Cte�bium zy Philonetnhbris de mdchinis, denbsp;hisicr dtijsimultdifed lt;lute!dd emenddtionein corruptt�irnihdcpoti�imumnbsp;pdrteno�ri Vitruuijinon ddmodimt tuuerint ,tpfis/nonfatis inttfxn (ynbsp;emdculdtiiduiloribui. C Sccuriclatiscardinibus.JIrff/�^qMorwMinbsp;pdrtes�xtremie'relirdntfecurim �lcis uinitoriie, no�riuocdnt hirundinisnbsp;cduddm, D �rachrj breuitas'faciatplagainueliementiorem ]nbsp;Brdcbiorm in cdtdpultts ,fcorptonibui, zfr bdli�is breuitdte,mi�ionesnbsp;idculdtionesq^fnultofiunt uehementiores, contrdllongitudo multdm dd�rtnbsp;i�uimo�itiem dtg^ remi�ionem,ut ue�iutn longitudinefubleudndie fdrci�nbsp;M dccedit �cilitlt;ts:^uo funl breuiores�ncommodiui tollitur ponduf,.

CAtapuItarumrariones,exquibus merabrfs Siportio# nibuscomponanrur, dixi. Baliftarum autem rationes/nbsp;uari� funtiamp; differentes,uniiis effeftus caufa/comparat�.nbsp;Ali� enimi�edibus amp; ruculis,nonnull3e/polyfpaftis,ali�yer� Anbsp;gatis, qu�damietiam tympanorum torquentur ratioflibus�nbsp;Sed ramen nulla balifta pcrt�citur,nifi/ad propofitam magninbsp;tudinem ponderis faxi,quod/id organum mittere debet. Igigt;nbsp;Xur/de ratione carum non eft omnibus expedit�,nifi qui arithnbsp;ineticisranonibus/numeros/amp;multiplicationes habentno^nbsp;tas. Namep fiuntin capitibuSforamina, per quorum fpacia; �nbsp;lt;�tenduntur,capillo maxime muliebrijuel neruOjfuncs, qui/nbsp;magnitudine ponderis lapidis, quem debet ea balifta mittennbsp;rc,exrauonegrauitatisproportionerumuntur,quemadmonbsp;dum

DE ARCHITEC. LiB. X. 47^ dum catapuftis delongitudi'nibusfagittarum .Itac^/utetiamnbsp;qufgeometri� arithmeric�cg racjones/nonnouerint,habe�;nbsp;antexpeditum,ne in pen'culo bcIHcoi'cogirationibusdetine^inbsp;antur : qu� ipfc facicndofccrta cognoui,qu�c^�ex parte accegt;nbsp;pi apr�ceptoribusfinita,exponam:amp;quibus rcbusGr�cogt;nbsp;rum pcnf�ones'ad modules habeantrationem, adeamjutcrfnbsp;am noftrisponderibus refpondeanr,tradamcxplicata.

A Alifenim/uedibus amp;fuculis,nonnun�/polyfpatis,ali3e/ ergatis,] Defuculd trAie�iisCquibusuelutimambri^s ucrfdturyue�i-lgt;ui,dixi fiprd cdp.i.de polyj}gt;djlo cdp.}, de ergdtacr tympdttoicdp- 4.^nbsp;B Namquefiuntincapitibusforamina,] T�ordminumincdpi�nbsp;t�li5 bdlift�imdgnitudOfper quieitenduntur nerui torti,ciui brdcbid eiui c5nbsp;tinere debent,ex pond�r� lapidis^quemmittcrc debel,[umendd eft^ in cd�nbsp;tdpultis dutent'ex nond fngittie pdrte.

digitorum.vi.amp;digitorum.vtj lt;-?.decem pondo,digitorum, viii lt;;gt;.uiginti pondoidigitorum.x lt;�gt;. quadraginta pondo,nbsp;digitorum.xif.S.K.fexaginta pondo,digitorum.xiij. amp; diginbsp;ti oftaiia parte oftiiaginta pondo,digicorum. xv \;?.cennbsp;turn uiginti pondo pedis.iS.amp;i�iquidigiti centum amp;fexanbsp;ginta pondo,pedum.iinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;centum amp;oftuaginta pondo,pegt;

dum.i i,amp; digicorum.V.ducenta pondo,pcduTn ii, amp;digico rum.vi.ducentadecem pondo, pedum. ii.Sc digicorum, vqnbsp;iil.ccl pondo.xi S.Cum ergo foraminis magnitude,fuerit in^nbsp;g ftituta, deferibatur fcutula, qu� gr�ce iTpiToa appellatur,nbsp;cuius longitudoforaminnm.ii.Fz.IatitudOjduo fext� parnbsp;tis.Dkiidatur dimidium line� defcript�;amp;cum diuifum erit,nbsp;contrahantur extrem� partes eius form� ut obliquam degt;nbsp;formations habeatlongitudinisfatam partem ,latitudinis,

47^ M. VITRVVII POLL* ubi cft ucrfura/quartam partcm .In qua parte autertileft curiianbsp;tura,inqujbus'procurruntcacumina anguloruni,amp;foraminbsp;naconuertuntur,amp;contraAura latitudinis,redeantintrorfusnbsp;fexta paree. Foramen autem/oblongfus fit canto, quantamnbsp;epizygis habet crafi�tudinem .'Cum deformatum fuerit, cirgt;nbsp;cumdiuidaturextrema,ut habeac curuaturammollitercir^nbsp;cumatftam lt;�? crafl�tudo eiusfQramtnis.Sr.c�ftituantur monbsp;diolif�ramin� iK��latitudo.iS? :::.craffirudoipr�cerquaninbsp;quodin foramincinditurforaminis.S Lad extremum autetn/nbsp;latitudo foraminis. I r. paraftatorG longitudo foraminum.nbsp;V S r.curuatura foraminis/pars dimidiajcraflitudo foramigt;nbsp;nis .�,amp;partis, lx.Adrjcitiir autem ad mediam latitudinem,nbsp;quantum eft propc foramen faAum in defcriptione,!aricudigt;nbsp;neamp;craffitudine foraminis. v.altitudo parte.iiij.regul�,quxnbsp;eft in menfa longitudo foramin�, viii. Latitudo �Ccrafiitudonbsp;dimidi� foraminis cardtnis.11 z :�.cca(ritudo foraminis. I9 9nbsp;� �z.curuatura regulx.r sK. exteriorisregul� latitudo amp; erafnbsp;fitudo/tantundem longitudo/qu� dederit ipfa uerfura defornbsp;mationisSi paraftat� latitudo,amp;fuam curuaturam .K. Su�nbsp;perioresautem reguI�)�qualeseruntinferioribus.K.menfxnbsp;tranfuerfarrj foraminis.l� u K. climaciclos fcapi longitudo/fonbsp;raminum xirj craflitudo.iij K. Interuallum medium,latigt;nbsp;tudoforaminisexpartequarta craftitudo/parsoAaua.Knbsp;climaciclos fuperioris pars,qu�/eft proxima, qux/coniun^nbsp;Aa eft menf�,totalongitudinediuiditur in panes quinij. Exnbsp;hisdentur dux partes ci membro, quod Gr�cinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;uocant

f�? latitudo.r.craffitudo.9lt;-gt;.longitudoforaminum.iii.^ifc misK. extantia chelesforaminis.S. plinthigonatosforami^nbsp;nis.^.Sc ficilicus.Quod autem eft ad axona, quod appellacurnbsp;frons tranfuerfarius, foraminum trium lt;�gt; interiorum r�gulanbsp;rum latitudo foraminis.r.crafl�tudo.5K�chclonireplum,nbsp;quod eft operimentum,fecuriculx includitur. K. fcapos dhnbsp;macicloslatitudo.z �.crafl�tudo foraminum .xii K. craflitugt;nbsp;do quadrati,quod eft ad climacicla �foraminis. Fj. in extremnbsp;mis. K. rotundi autem axis diametrosxqualitereritchcles .nbsp;AdclauiculasaGt,S,minuspartefextadecima.K.Anteridionnbsp;longitu�

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 477 longitude foraminum Fni9.Iatitiido,'in imo foraminis rnbsp;in fummo/craffitudo. z K. Bafisqu� appellaturVx�/� longi#nbsp;tudo foraminum antcbafisforaminum.nii :;:.utriuf��crafnbsp;Gtudo amp;latitudo,foraminis . Compingicur autem dimigt;nbsp;diaaltitudinis,K.columna,latitudoamp;fraintudo.iS. alticu#nbsp;do autemlnon habet foraminis proportionem, fed erir quodnbsp;opuseritad ufum brachij Jongitudo foraminum . V Inbsp;craiTitudo'in radice foraminis in extremis. F. De baliftis Si canbsp;tapukisifymmctrias,quasmaximeexpeditas putaui,expo#nbsp;fui.Quemadmodumautem/contcntionibuscftemperentur,nbsp;C c nemo capillocf tortis rudentibus,quat]itum comprehendednbsp;re fcriptis p otuero,non pr�termittam.

A Quaebalifta/duapondofaxummittcredebent.] trepondo,niftiungdntur^uitioficff'efcribit Qu,intUi(inut hbro, .fedfinenbsp;reprehenfionediciiun�a,idemexM,e�'aladocetScriboniumtamenLar�nbsp;gum pondo dMdixi/fi non femel,obferudui, b Qu�Gr�cc'OT(^/5)inbsp;Tosappellatur.] ot^i^ktovItH.i.c�p.t- fcripfteffeinbdltUdf�rd^nbsp;men,quod cr embdter dicatur. itd enimprincipio legcbamm fiuentes Io.nbsp;lucundi le�iioni}fed po�ed non dtjplic�it,quod in nliquibut cocUcibm repenbsp;riebamuf,embate,pro modulo,mutatainterpun�ione, Acee�it or duHoenbsp;ritdi ClauJij Plolom:eino�ri,cuttMegofempcr iudiciumin�g,ni�ci,O�fumnbsp;ingeniorniruminmodtimoble�dtus. C Capilloquetortisr�dennbsp;tibus. ] Cdpi��o maxime muliebri,ut cap, proximo^ i^on'qu�d ex alianbsp;materia fieri nonpc�int;namlegimtudpud vegetium,lu!ium CapitoUnuntnbsp;in uita in.aximinorum,Pltttarchum Itb. de feenore, cum neruorum fit�nbsp;mumcopia'deficeret,uf�sfiiiffelcdpillomuliebrL

DE CATAPVLTARVM BALISTARVMe que contentionibusgt;Qr temp�rature,nbsp;CAP. xvin.

SVmuntur tignaiampliffimalongitudincjfupra figuntur cheloni�jin quibus'includuntur iuculae. Per media aut2nbsp;fpacia tignorum'iniccantur Si exciduncutformae, in quibuanbsp;Oo ii)

478 M. VITRVVn POLL� �xdfionibusXncluduntur capiVnbsp;tula cacapuitarunijcuneisc^nbsp;ftinentur ,ncin contcntionibiisnbsp;moueantunTum uero�modfonbsp;li �rci inca capitula ihcludunnbsp;tur,�i in eoscuneoliferr�i,quosnbsp;iTrnr^^iJlairGraeci uocant, collo#nbsp;cantur � Deindc'anf� rudenturanbsp;tnduntur per foraiTiina capicu#nbsp;lorum,amp; in altera partem traij#nbsp;ciuntur : deinde in (uculas con#nbsp;ijciuntur, inuoluunturqp ucdi#nbsp;buSjUti per eas extend rudentes'nbsp;cum manibusfunttaAij�qua#nbsp;lern in utroque fonitus habeagtnbsp;. refponfum. Tune autS cyneisnbsp;adforamina concluduntur,ut

non poffint fc remitccre.Ita traieAiin alteram partcm,eadem rationc,ueftibus perfuculasextenduntur,donee�qualiternbsp;fonent. Itacuneorum conclufionibusfadfonitum/muficisaunbsp;ditionibuscatapult�temperantur.

Jucundi (Baliflisifixlt;i,C(itapultifc^fcoi�piottibufifagitfieiiidelgt;dntur, utex authors [criptisuiderc licet. 3i(li�lt;eautem'diuer�smachinK tcndebdtt^nbsp;J�nt.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Mr ij! rdtiombusefficicbdntur-Qu^drum hdnctmdm, cjnit hic grd�

phice deferiptd e/l, ex pluribui tninui corruptdtnifelegi, uti exed,fi ejuis frudui hdberi pote/l,non tnorenlur ftudio�jcdrentid fchemdtit,

A Donee �qualiterfonent,] liondnte:prlt;ecludutttur'incdpit�� Ui �rdmind, per quatenduntur � neruo cdpilloq; torti fitnes, qudm tinm^nbsp;tuireddiderintitqudles.'Brdchiortvmettim tequdli tenfton^fieri,etdextrdnbsp;CJquot; �niftrd pdrtefitnium fonitui,neceffe e�, rcddmq; telortim mi�ioneWfnbsp;iUd�hontotcnd�d e� icqudliter tenfd non�erint,f^pbgdm ipfdm, id e�nbsp;tnt�ionem non (equdm,cir fitnes non tequdliterfondre!ccr(um e�. Qaodnbsp;crirrtd/f/j/ltfero i.crfp.i�

DE OPPVGNATORIIS DEFENSORIISQVE rebiifjiyprimumdearietisinuenliow^eiiis^nbsp;machina. CAP� XIX.

A T~^ E his rebusqu� potui dix�: reftaEmihik�coppugnato^ J__y rijs rebus,quemadmodum machinationibus,amp;ducesnbsp;ui(ftorcs,amp;ciuitatesfdefenf� efTe pofl�nt.Primum ad oppuggt;nbsp;�J nationesiariesfic inuencus memoratur effe. Carchaginenfes/nbsp;ad Gades oppugnandastaftra poluerunt:cum autetn Caftelgt;nbsp;lum ante c�piflentjidid�moliri funtconati;pofteaquam/nonnbsp;habuer�t ad deinolitionem ferramenta,fumpferunt tignum,nbsp;idcjimanibus fuftinentcs, capitecj eiusifummi� murum con^nbsp;tinenterpuliantes,fummos lapidum ordines/deijciebant, amp;nbsp;itagradatimcxordine�otam c�munitionem diil�pauerunt.nbsp;Pofteaquidam faber T yrius, nomine Pephafmenos, hac ragt;nbsp;lioneamp;inuentioneinduftuSjmaloftatutoexeOjaJter� tranigt;nbsp;uerfumiuti trutinam fufpendit : 8c reduccndo/amp; impellendo !nbsp;uehementibus plagis deiecit Gaditanorum murum.Cetrasnbsp;autemCalcedoniuside materia primum bafim/fubiedis ro^nbsp;C tis fecir,fupracj c�pegit arredarijs amp; iugis uaras amp; in his|fugt;nbsp;ipendit arietem, corijscj bubulis texit, iiti tutioresefl�nt/quinbsp;ineamachinationelad pulfandum murum efl�rit collocati�nbsp;D �d autem^quod tardos conatus habucrat, teftudinem arietagt;nbsp;riamappellarecoepit. His tuncprimisgradibus pofitis/adidnbsp;genus machinanonis,poftea |cum Philippus Amynt�filius/nbsp;Byzantium oppugnarer, Polydus Thcflalus pluribus gcnegt;nbsp;ribus �ifacilioribus explicauit, 3 quo/receperunr doifirinaninbsp;Diades amp; Chcreas,quitum Alexandre militauerunt. Itaque:nbsp;E DiadcS)fcriptis fuis oftend^t�e inuenilTc turres ambulatorias,nbsp;quasctiamdiffolucasiinexercitu circumferre folcbat ;pr�gt;nbsp;F tereaterebr�,amp; afcendentem machinam,qua'admurum'planbsp;no pede tran�tus efle poffet, amp; etiara coruu m demolitorem,nbsp;e quem nonulligruem appellant. Non minus utebatur arietenbsp;fubrotatOjCuius rationesiferiptas reliquit.Turrem autem minbsp;nimam.aitoportere fierine minus altam cubitorum.lx. latbnbsp;tudinem xvrj. Contrafturam autem fummamim� partisnbsp;quintam.

^go M. VITRVVn POLL quincatn. Arreftaria/in turn's itno'dodrantalia^in fummol�#nbsp;tnipedalia. Fieri anteaitoportercearnturrcmtabulatorutnnbsp;decem,�ngulisparribusincafeneftratis. Maior�ucro turrcnanbsp;altatncubitorum.acx.latam/cubitorum.xxiii S contra#nbsp;�uram item fummam quinta partenbsp;nbsp;nbsp;arreftaria pedaliain

imo, in fummofemipedalia. Hanc magnicudinem turris fa# ciebattabulatorum xx.cum habercntfingnlatabulatatircui quot;nbsp;lioncm cubitorum tern� : tegebatautem corqs crudis, ut abnbsp;omni plaga eflenttutae.Teftudinisarictariae comparatio ea#nbsp;dem rationcperfidebatur. Habucrat autem interuallum eu#nbsp;bitorumxxx.alcirudincm'praeterfaftigium.xvi. Faftigqau#nbsp;tem altitudoab �rato ad funimum,cubita vij. Exibat autemnbsp;in akiim ,�i fupra medium tedi fa�igiiim^turricula lata nonnbsp;minus eubita xrj. amp; fupra extollcbatur altitudine quatuor tanbsp;bulatorum: in quaxabulato fummo ftatuebantur feorpionesnbsp;amp;C3tapulrx,ininferioribuscongcrebatur magna aqii� mulnbsp;titudo,ad extinguendum/G qua uis ignis immitteretur. Con#nbsp;Gituebarur autem in ea,arietaria machina ,qu3e gr�ce xpis/oxn 1nbsp;dicitur,in quocollocabatur torus perfedus in torno, in quonbsp;infuperconftirutusaries,rudent{um duftionibusamp;rcdu�ionbsp;nibus, efficiebat magnos operis efFedus ; tegebatur autem isnbsp;cortjs crudis, quemadmodum turn's.

De rcrcbra has explkufc fcriptis ranoncs.Ipfam machinam, liti reftudincm in medio habenrem collocatum inorthoftatisnbsp;canalem,faciebat(quemadmodum in catapultisautbaliftisnbsp;fieri iblct)longicudine cubitorum.l.altitudine cubici, in quo/nbsp;conftituebatur rranfueri'a fucula.In capicc aiitcm/dextra acnbsp;finifira,trochle� du�,pcr quas/mouebatur quod inerat in eonbsp;canali/capitefcrrato tignum/ub eo aurcm ipfo canali �ncliif�nbsp;tuti,crebritcr/celerioresamp;uehcmentioreseff�cieb�t eiusmogt;nbsp;tus .Supra auccm id tignum,quod inibi erar, arcus ageban#nbsp;tur ad regendum canalem,uti (uftinerentcori� crudum, quo,nbsp;ca machina erat inuoluta. De corace'nihil putauit fcribend�,nbsp;quod animaducrteret cam machinam'nullam habere uirtu#nbsp;tcm.Dcacce^^u,qui�^7r^C�^��grJcedicitur,amp;dcmarinismachi'/nbsp;nationibus,qu3eper nauim aditus habere poflunt, fcribcrcicnbsp;tantum pollicitum efleuehementcranimaduerti,necpratio#nbsp;n�s earum eum explicuiffe. Qti� funt ab Diade de machinisnbsp;fcripta,quibus fintcomparationibus,expofui. Nunc/quem#nbsp;admodum a pr�ccptoribus acccpi, amp; utilia mihi uidentur,nbsp;cxponam�

A Rcftatmihidc oppugnatorijsrebus.] Ndchin�rum/atice futtt oppttgndtortie,quibui^))o�es impctimus, de guibui hoc capite ,crfesnbsp;quentibtM duobiu. Ali�:funt repugnatori�, qu�Cr 4 de/�ndendo propu*nbsp;gnatori� did poffuntihis'contrti aduerfariorum machin�t tones utimur,denbsp;quibuicdp.ult, B Arieshcinuenrusmemoraturcfle. ] Pliniusnbsp;lib,7 ,cdp. so.Arietis in muraltbus machinis inuentionem tribuit E peo adnbsp;troidm. Qualis autem fuerit,inteHigi pote ft ex J oftpho Itbro t. de ludai*nbsp;CO beUo.lmmenfd (inquit) eftmaterialmalonauis a�milis, cuius fummd/nbsp;graut ftrrofoliddtum eft, Arietis effigie �bricato, unde nomen dccepit,.nbsp;Dependet dutem fiinibusmedius ex trabe a!id,uelut ex trutind, palis undinbsp;que ftdta.Retrorfum dutem tnagna uirorum multitudine repuffitsin fron*nbsp;te prominente jirromcenid pcrcutit. Vide etiamapud Ammidnum lib.nbsp;t:y Vegetium ltb,4gt; Arietis eft figura RomiCiin arcu Luc ij Septimij Seucri'nbsp;ittradKtbusCapitolij,etcochlidecolumnaTraianiE.iu/modtfcdIpt�getnnbsp;pp

43i M. VITRVVn POLL. m^ fnihidottodedttCdietandpuelliCr corpora l^cciofabdbitudine,nbsp;uirgittdhpudore tnjtgnis ifdbelld Bo/td mdnd. De Arietcfcribit Robert�nbsp;Vdltwtuihbrodcrem�itdri dccimo, C Supraque compeglr ar*nbsp;rcftartjs amp;iugis uaras.] Vdriekjudntumexillimc^fiebdntfolojde�nbsp;bd/� dxtbus jirmi�imis compd�o, drre�iis db utroq^ Idtere 'dpphcdtis trd�nbsp;btbia,cr iwgis.id tfl tranluerfis cT porre�� tigi�if, dut ajj�ribuifuprdnbsp;collocdtis,[u�gt;cnlo dd h�c drtctc,fuppo�tts tdmen rotis '.tndehind totd crdnbsp;tibia crebcrriiti� textiscorioq^ crudo o- recentt tegebdtur,(itto ejjint tu^nbsp;tiorcSjC^uiexed^wurospulfdreitt lt; Vdratdmendpud Lucdnumlib. 4. �fi�nbsp;cuntur l�rc�,quibta retu f'i�inentur,D�o�tif(inquit) dtto�it retid udnbsp;rii� D Idaut�.quodrardosconatushabuerartefludincm]nbsp;Vegetuu hbro deremilitdri 4. cdp, 14. dd/tmilitudinem Her�tejMinisinbsp;uocdbulum fumpfijfe fcnbit; quid�cut illd modo reducit, modo pro�rtnbsp;cdpuf�td mdchi�dmcntum interdum reducit tr�bem, interdinnfxerit, utnbsp;�rttiuc�ddt. E Turresambulatorias. ] Turresdmbuldtorif�uenbsp;mobiles eomponebdutur trdbibus zy tdbulis �di�cij5 pdres,qu�!non mu�nbsp;ros folum oppugndt� urbis,�ed ip[ds turresdltttudine fuperdrent;de qui�nbsp;busfcribitVegetiuslibro 4.capite 19.10.zi.CMi- F Ecafcendenrcmnbsp;machinam ] MoxKoclt;tamp;i(�r dcc�j�u,gr�ceimamp;lt;x^x-SuJ}gt;icorf�ifnbsp;fe mdchindm, qu�!occulto quoddn drti�cio, e^- expeditis mdchindtioni�nbsp;btisin fublimecrc�ceret,crin edmdltitudinem educcretur^qudopus erdt,nbsp;tum retinaculis��ebdtur.Poterdnt ey tdbuUtd excitdri cochleis,quo pd�nbsp;�o'in torculdripr�lum to�imus dtq; deprimimui, ni� interpretdriueli�nbsp;muf di�umdemdchtnd,qudmfTollenonemVegctimdppctldt[ib.4. cdp,nbsp;�?. Bdfit'infixdfolo'dkt�tmd trabe^in cuim fummitdtedltdduplo maiornbsp;trdnfuerfd con�ituebdtur�dter� modo,utcdpiteuno fublato, dlterumdenbsp;primer et ur. In utroque cdpitedddebdtur crdtitid mdchmd,dut ex d �ibat,nbsp;qu� milites aliquot cdperet�td milites'dlternd cdpitumfubldtione dc^:nbsp;pre�ioneinmurosurbisimmittebdntur. (3 Etiam coruum dernosnbsp;ljtorem,quemnonnuJIi'gruemappellant.] Qu�ddicdt^Coru�nbsp;� nonnuHis gruem uocdri,uentre quis po�it in fi�gt;icioncm,eo ufeffe^d�nbsp;piendts aduerfdriorum mdchinistrdnsfirendtsqi in muros;cutufmodi md�nbsp;(bind u�im �i�e.fcribit cdpitc ultimo,Cullidmdrcbitc�i u Bbodi, cum dc�nbsp;tedentem ad matnid Helepohm correptdm trdn�ulii in muros, boc ut cre�

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X. 435 tldt,�a'etquodapudluIiumPollucemlegitur lit. 4.y^f�xvcpidc�gru*nbsp;em'in theatro machinam fitiffe^qua'ex fublimi �rcbaiuradrapienda cor-parafa ufam Auroramcum Mt tnnonis rapuit cor put : (cd qu�ddcmoti*nbsp;torcmadicci(fct,�liud cffefii�iictitus fum.tntcred cogitanti (ccfjvrt mihinbsp;Pohbij locut ex libro i, quemad hune nwdum ucrtit Nicolaut Pcrotuf(cuinbsp;�O�'fx cod^r Greece Vaticanic Btbhcihccee, cum Aldinumrnut�um repe*nbsp;ri(fetnut, uer(utampliui tres addidimut ) Lignea (inquitcoruumdefcri*nbsp;tens) coluitimprorit incrat longitudinis quat uor ulndru,ldtitudittis pdl^enbsp;tnorumtrium,in eiusdpicc/rotdmcon�ttuerdnt: huic prietercd tdbulecin�nbsp;heerentesifcdldscon�cicbdnt,qudrumldtitudoerdtpedesqudtucr,longi�nbsp;tudoifexulnee,�rdmenautem tabulaticratoblongum,CTcircumdmbbnbsp;tdt columndm:po� primdt �dtim fcdLe dudt ulnds.Habebdt dut� uelutife*nbsp;pem dd uirumq; oblongu Idtutgenu tenus dltdmi tnligniextremoi�rruntnbsp;trdtinfldr maUeiperdcutum, prtttcred/dnnulut�ne dlligdtus, itd ut htecnbsp;nidchindymdchuiis�-umentdrijs/tmillimd uideretur. Jgiturfimulde nduisnbsp;ho�ium dduentabdt�dXdto �ne�cdhe dcmittebdnturj�rrumponderedcnbsp;uitignifuper hol�tuin nduim deldpfum �gchdtur,/t dduerfd prora erdt,li=:nbsp;ni milites per fcalds defcendcbdnt,duo priini precfirentes feutd, rcliqui taenbsp;terdfcutis prote�r.fi uer� obliqud erdt ho�ium nduis�n cSiex totd pariternbsp;nauidcfiliebdttir. Hd�ienus Polybius. Q�lt;f Mcrfcj/mir� f�ciuntdd rem nonbsp;firam. CoruorummentioefldpudQKint�� CurtiumItb.4. H Ciranbsp;cuitionemcubirorumternum.l Hocf/I,TO'^/�oXo^', loriculd,nbsp;feptumittcircuitu. I Qu�Gr�ce KfiOiToKHdicitur.] idefldric�nbsp;tdridtrdbs.A,0K03enitnirabcmftgni�cdt,

Te Studo,qu3e/ad congcfti'onemfoflarum paratur,ealt;j)/ etiam accefliisadmurum potefthabere ,fic crirfacicru;nbsp;da,Ba(�scompingaiur,qu3egr�ceV;^jtf�didri)r,qiiadraralianbsp;bensquoquo uerfuslatera/fingula pediim xxv. �i rranfuer^nbsp;faria/quatuor.H�cautamp;contincantiirab alterisdiiobuscraf!?nbsp;fis.F.S.lans.S.diftent autc tranfuerfaria inter fe circiter pedenbsp;amp;.S.fupponancurcf in fingulisinterualliseorum arbufculac,

qu� gr�ce �M*figt;Wtirdfcuntur,fnquibus�ucrfanturrotaruni axestonduf� laminisferreis, E�c^arbufcul�.'ita fint temponbsp;ratae,uthabeantcardinesamp;foramina,quoiueAestratediiuconbsp;fadones earum cxpcdiant,uri ante Si poftnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ad dextrum feu

f�mftrum latus^fiue oblique adangulos opusfuerit, adidper arbufculasuerfati progredi polTinr, Collocentur autem infunbsp;per bafim tignaduo, in utramcp parte proieda pedes fcnos,nbsp;quorum circa proiedurasifigantur altera proieAa duo tignanbsp;antefrontespedes vq.cralTa �clata,uti inbaf�funt fcripta.In�nbsp;fuper hanccompaftionem�erigantur poftes compadiles,prfnbsp;ter cardines pedum ix. craflitudine quoquouerfus pal mipedanbsp;les, interualla habentes inter fe fefquipedis. E� c�cludanturnbsp;fuperne/intercardinatis trabibus .Supra trabes/collocenturnbsp;capreoli/cardinibus alius inalium concluf�jinaltitudine exci# Anbsp;tati pedes ix. Supra capreolostollocetur quadrat� tignum,nbsp;quocapreoliconiungantur. Ipfi autem laterarijs circa fixisnbsp;contineantur tcganturc^ tabulis maxime palmeiscfi non,exnbsp;carter a m ater fa,qu �; m axime h abcre poteft uirtutem,pr x ternbsp;pinum autalnum . H�c enim funtfragilia,�ifacliterrcdp�nbsp;unt igncm. Circum tabulata'collocentur crates 'ex tenuibusnbsp;uirgis crebern'me textis, maximec� recentibus percrudis co^nbsp;rii's duplicibus confutis,farAis alga, aut paleisfl'n aceto macenbsp;ratisjcirca tegatur machina tota. Ita/ab his reijcientur plag�nbsp;baliftarum,amp;impetus incendiorura.

A Cardinibiisalrjsinaliumconclufi,] Cardineshicfunttx^ tremx capreolorum partes,qua in cauum indunlur {(�ccdrdindtutignutnnbsp;diciturcaptteproxitno.ldentlinpollibui,trabibus,trdnfuerfdriis,fcdpif,nbsp;pdrd�dtisintelligendur�, ipfumdutem cduum,ttc�rimcrtc�dm,cdrdhnbsp;ttem dutcm,tcnonem dicunt.

S T aut� S/i aliud genus teftudinis, quod reliquaomm'a habet,quemadmodum qii� fupra fcn'pta funt, pr�ternbsp;capreolosi�ed habet circa pltiteum �i pinnasex cabulis,amp; fugt;nbsp;perne fubgrundas proclinatas,fuprac�tabulis �i corn's f�rminbsp;ter fixisconcinencur. Infuper uero/argilla cum capillo fubagt;nbsp;'Aa,ad eam craiT�tudinem inducarur,uc ignis omnino n� pofnbsp;fitei machin�noccre.PolTuntautem;f� opusfuerir,c3emachinbsp;n�/exofto rotiseffe^fiad loci naturamjita opus fiierit tempenbsp;A rare, Qu�autem teftudinesad fodiendum comparantur o�vgt;^(rnbsp;gr�cc dicuntur.C�cera omniahabent,uti fupra fcripnim ei�.nbsp;Frontesautem earum f�unr,quemadmodum angulr trigononbsp;rum, ut a muroxela cumin eas mittantur,non planis frontigt;nbsp;B busiexcipiant plagas,(�d ab lateribus labentes.f�ne periculogt;nbsp;que fodientcs,qui intusfunttueantur. Nonmihietiamuidegt;nbsp;tureiTealicniirn de teftudine, quam/Agetor Bizantius fecit,nbsp;quibus rationibus fit fada,exponerc. Fuerat enim eiusbafisnbsp;longicudopedum Ixdatitudo'xv�j. Arredana, qu� fupranbsp;compadionem crant quatuor collocata,ex binistignis fuegt;nbsp;rant compada,in altitudinibus fingulorum, pedum xxxvi.nbsp;craff�tudinepalmipedali,latitudine'fefquipedali. Bjf�seius/nbsp;habucrat rotas odo, quibus agcbatur. Fuerat autem earumnbsp;altitudopedum.Ui3;--�cran�tudo/pedum trium, itafabricagt;nbsp;t� triplici materia^Iternis fe contra fubfcudibusfinter fc cogt;nbsp;agmentat� , lamil�squcferreis ex frigidodudis.alligat�.nbsp;Haein arbufculis,fiueamaxopodes dicantur,habucrant uergt;nbsp;fationes. Ita.fupra tranftrorum planitiem, qu�'fupra bafimnbsp;fuerat,poftes erant eredi ped� xvitj; -* �latitudinis.S: �* craigt;nbsp;fitudinis.F.Z.diftantes inter fe,iS ; -'�fupra eos/trabes circum

4S.� VITRVVII POLL, cluf�'contincbattotam compaAioncm lat�pedefn.i�.��'*nbsp;crafl�.S:-'. fupracam caprcoU extollcbantur altirudinepc�nbsp;dum xij. Supra caprcolos tignum collocatum coniungebatnbsp;capreoloriim coinpadiones. kem/fixahabucrantlaterarianbsp;in tranfuerfo,quibusjnfupertontabulario circun data tontesnbsp;gebatinferiora. Habucrataurem mediamcontabulationem/nbsp;lupra trabi'culas, ubi feorpiones amp; catapultf collocabantur.nbsp;Erigebantur etarredaria duo compada pedum xxxvlt;:gt; crafnbsp;fiiudinefefquipcdali latitudinepedumji, coniundacapitinbsp;bus'tranfuerl�rio cardinato ngno,lt;5i alcero mediano,'inter dunbsp;os feapos cardinato, amp; laminis ferreis/religato : quo inftipernbsp;collocata eratalternismarcries'inter icapos amp; tranfuerfariuninbsp;rraieda,chclonijsi�i anconibusfirtniter inclufa.In ea materianbsp;fuerunt ex torno fadi axi'culi duo, c quibusfunes alligatirettnbsp;nebantarietem. Supra capureorum,quic�tinebantarictem,nbsp;collocatumerat plutcum,turricul� fimilitudine ornatum,nbsp;uti finepericulo/duo milites tuto ftanresproip(cercpoflenr,etnbsp;renunciare,quas rcsaduerfariiconarcntur. Aries autem eius/nbsp;babuerit longirudincm pedum evi latitudinein imo paUnbsp;mi pedali craffitudine/pedali contradum a capiteinla�fnbsp;litudine/pes. i cral��tudine.S.� * Isautem ariesbabuerat Dnbsp;de ferro duroiroftrum, ita/utinaueslong�folcnt haberenbsp;exipforoftro lamin^ ferreaequatuorcirciterpedum xv. fix�nbsp;fuerant in materia, A capite autem ad imam calcem tigni,c5gt;nbsp;tenti fuerunt funes quatuor, crafTitudine dfgitorum odo,itanbsp;religati, quemadmod� nauismalus a puppi ad proram connbsp;tinctur,eicj:funcs pr�cindorqs tranfuerfis erant religati, ha^nbsp;bentesinter fepalmipedaliafpacia. Infuper coriiscrudisito^� Bnbsp;tusaries eratinuolutus. Exquibus autem funibuspendebatnbsp;eorum capita, fuerant ex ferro fad�quadruplicescarcn3e,�Cnbsp;ip^� corps crudiserantinuolut�. ltem,habuerarproieduranbsp;eius�xtabulis arcam ,compadam/amp;confixam rudentibusnbsp;maioribus extends, per quarum afperitates'non labentibusnbsp;pedibus faciliter ad murum perueniebatur,atcj ea machinainbsp;Vlex modis mouebatur,progrc(ru,ifc latere dextra ac finiftra,nbsp;porredionenonminusinaltitudin�cxtolIebatuGetinimunainbsp;inclination

DE ARCHITEG. LIB* X. 497 fnclinadone demi'ttcbacur. Erigebatur ante machina in alti#nbsp;tudinem addifrjciendum mui umcii citer pedes.c. Item a latenbsp;re dexcraac finiftra procurrcndo,perftringebat non minusnbsp;pedes.c.Giibcrnabantcam homincs.c.habentem pondus tagt;nbsp;lentuin quatuor milium,quod fit.cccclxxx.pondo,

A Q^u� aurem tcftudinesad fodiendum comparanrur] turreSjdut moeni.1 urbts ( Ctejuragcre cuntculo dtcit^quosrnmnnbsp;uocdmuf)utebdntur te�udinafronte triquctra.ut miffd ttld,dum in angu*nbsp;locon�flerenonpojjunt ,per Idtera luberentur, or reij^cerenturjneanbsp;mdchind 'ComparatierMt dd �dtendum homines, unde norufft dccepit,nbsp;t^dmofvose��dtei�gni�cdt. B Excipiatplagas. ] M.ultitudinisnbsp;numeroenuncidndum efl^excipiant. C Sine pcriculo fodicntes-]nbsp;Addo coniuniltonem,ut fcribdturpericuloq;. D De ferro duroronbsp;ftrum, ] Ro�randuibusdddidit PifeM^duHorePliniolib, 7,cdp sd.E4/nbsp;^dpingunturpror^firred, dutcxlt;ere.Virg,Aeneid. 10.

Vndero�rdtit ndues, qud:Grxcis, vstS nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dicunfur ; ro�ra

mim nduium ya.yw.wfd.et.Tet nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nomindntur. E Haben tes

inter felpalmipedalia fpacia,] Pdlmtpeddlid dixit,pro quinq; palmo rum,d pdlmopede^uo utitur lib.f.cdp. s-unde pdlmipeddlts ma�eoliu Conbsp;l�iMe/Le lib.t.cdp,ig.inch'uofisiubiterrddecurru,pote� palmipedalis de^nbsp;poni.Vdrro lib. dercru�kd. i-cdp. 4. Li/wenin�rius/dltumpdlmipedjlnbsp;ic,ne porei ex hdra,cum mdter produ^tranfilirc po�mt..

De fcorpionibusamp;:catapultis-amp; baliftis,ctiamqf!teftitu^ dinibusamp; rurribus,qu3C maxime mihi uidebantur idonbsp;nea,lt;3lt; a quibus effent inuenta, amp;qucmadmoduni fieri dcbcgt;nbsp;rent jcxplicui. Scalarnm autem amp; carthefiorum, amp; eorum,nbsp;quor� rationes funtimbecillioresjnonncccflehabuifcribcre.

H�c etiam milites'per fe folent facere, nec^ ea ipfatomru�bus lo cis, necj eifdem rationibus/pofliint udlia elTe : quod difFcren#nbsp;tesfuntanunitiones munitionibiis,nationumc� fortirudincs.nbsp;Namcg alia ratione/ad audaces amp;temerarios,aliaad diligentnbsp;tes:aliter/ad timidosmachinationesdcbentcomparari.Itacpinbsp;bis pracfcriptionibus fiquis attcndercuolueric,cxuarietatenbsp;corum cligendo,6i in unam comparationem'conferendo,n3nbsp;indigebic auxiliis,fed quafcunc^ res,aut rationibus ,aut locisnbsp;opusfuerii^finedubitatione poteritexplicare.De repugnatogt;nbsp;ri^s uero/non eft fcripris explicandum : non eniin ad noftranbsp;fcriptaihoftes comparant res oppiignatorias,fed machinationbsp;neseorum/ex temporc folerti confiliorum cclcritate fine ma#nbsp;chinis f�piuscuertuntur. Ojuod etiam Rhodienfibusimemonbsp;ratur ufu uenifle � Diognetus enim/fuerat Rhodius Architc#nbsp;�ftus,amp;ei de publico quotannis/cei ta mercespro artetribue#nbsp;batur ad honorem. Eo tempore/quidam architeftus ab Aranbsp;dOjnomineCallia^Rhcd/um cum ueniflet, aero afin fecit,exnbsp;cmplumcf,pronilirmuri,amp;fupraid machinam incarchefio.nbsp;iierfatiliconftituir,qua/HelcpoIim adm�niaaccedentemcornbsp;ripuit,amp;: tranfiuHc intra murum. Hoc exemplar/Rhodijcumnbsp;uidiflent, admiratfademer�t Diognet o'quod fucrat ei quot#nbsp;annis conftitutum, eu honorem'ad Calliam tranftulcrunt.nbsp;Interea'rex Demetrius iqui propter animi pertinaciam Poli# �nbsp;orceteseft appellatus^contra Rhoduna bellum comparandnbsp;do,EpimachumAthenicnfem nobilemarchicedum/fecumnbsp;adduxit .Is autem/comparauitHelepolim fumptibus imma#nbsp;nibus,induftria/laborccj fummo,cuiusaltitudo/fueratpc# Cnbsp;dum cxxv.latitudo.^edum Ix.itaeam/cilichsamp;corijsfrudis Dnbsp;confirmauit,utpofietpatiplag31apidisbaliftaimmi(Iipon#nbsp;do ccclx.lpfaaurem machina/fueratmilia pondo ccclx. CSnbsp;auremCalfias^rogarcturaRhodiis,utcontra earn helepolim/nbsp;machina pararer,amp;illam(utipollicituserat)rransferret intranbsp;murum, negauitpofle. bJonenim omnia'cifdem rationibusnbsp;agipoiTunt: fedfuntaliqua/qu�cxemplaribusnon magnis,nbsp;fimiliter magnafafta/habent effclt;ftus:alia autem/excmpla#nbsp;ria non poffunt habere, fed per ic/conftituuntur; Nonnullanbsp;uero

DE ARCHlTEC. LIB. X. 435, Oero funt,qu�/in cxemplaribusuidentur uenfimilia,cum aunbsp;tem crefcereccperunt,dilabuntur,utet�am poflumushincanfnbsp;mum aducrccre. Terebratur terebraforamen femidtgitale,nbsp;E digitale,fefqui digitale: fieadem rationeuoluerimuspalmagt;nbsp;F re facere, n� habetexplicationem:feraipedaleautem, maius�nbsp;ue,ne cogitandiim quidcmuideturomnino.Sicitemquem#nbsp;admodumin nonnullis paruisexemplaribus faftum appagt;nbsp;ret,in non ualde magnisfieri polTe uidetur, n� camen'eodemnbsp;modo in maioribusidconl�quipoteft.Hjccum animaduer^nbsp;tiflent Rhodi�eadem ratione decepti,quiiniuriam cum congt;nbsp;tumcliaDiogncto fecerant, pofieaqua uiderunthoftem pergt;nbsp;tinaciter infei�um. Si machination? ad capiend� urbcm comnbsp;paratam,pericul� feruitutis metuentcs,�i nil nifi ciuitatis uagt;nbsp;ftitatem exped:andam,procubucrunt,Diognct5 rogantcs,utnbsp;auxiliarctur patri�. Isyprimo negauitfe faftur�� : fed pofteagt;nbsp;quam ingenu� uirgincsiamp;ephcebi cum facerdotibus'uenonbsp;runt ad deprecand�,tunoefi pollicitus his legibus, uti/fi earnnbsp;machinam cepiffetjfuaeflet.Hisita conftitutis, qua machinanbsp;acceffura erat, earegion�mur�pcrtudit jamp;iuffitomnespu^nbsp;blice 8i priuatim,quod quifcf habuiflet aqu�, ftercoris lutf,nbsp;per earn feneftr� per canales effundereante murum. Cum ibinbsp;magna uis aquf,Iuti,ftercoris, node profufa fuiffet, pofteronbsp;die Helepolis accedens/antequa appropinquarct ad mur�,fnnbsp;humida uoraginc aftaiconfcdit,nec progredi, nec regredi ponbsp;fteapotuit. ItacpDemetrius/cQuidifletfapfentiaDiognetifenbsp;dcceptum elTejCum clafle fua difceflit. T une Rhodij Diognetinbsp;folertia liberati bello, publice gratias egerunt, honoribusepnbsp;omnibus eumSC ornamentisexornauerunt. Diognetus aute/nbsp;cam Hclepolim reduxit in urbe, amp; in publico collocauitnbsp;fnfcripfitjDiognetuse manubijs'id populo deditmunus. Ita/nbsp;in repugnatorrjs rebus,non tantu machin�, fed eti� maximenbsp;� confiliafuntc�paranda. N� minus Chio/c�fupranauesfamnbsp;bucaru machinas holies coparauilTfijr, no du Chi} terra, aregt;nbsp;nam, lapides proiecerunt in mareante muru, Itailltipofteronbsp;die C� accederc uoluiffentjnaues fupra aggerationem,qu� fucnbsp;rat fub aquafeder�tjUec ad murum accederc, nec retrorfus Icnbsp;Q-q

recipcrc poterunt;fed ibi malleolisconfixgincendiofuntcoh H flagrar�. Apo�onta quoc�'cn circumfideretur, �C fpecus ho#nbsp;ftes fodiendojcogitarent fine fufpi'tione intra nacenia p�n�tra�nbsp;re.Id autem c� a fpeculatoribus effet Apolloniatibus renun�nbsp;ciatum,perturbati nuncio propter timorenr),c�fiiijsindigcn�nbsp;tes,anirnisdefideb3nt,quodnec�ternpus,ncc^certum locumnbsp;rum fonarecceperunt.Ita'exeo intelleClii eft, qua regione^dnbsp;uerfarijfpccusagentes'intra penetratecogitabant. Sic limitanbsp;done cogni�a,tempcrauit ahena aqu� feruentis SC picisde fu�nbsp;perne contra capita hofti'u,amp; ftercoris humanii�I aren� coftfnbsp;candentisidein notftu'pertuditcrebra foramina, di per ca/rc�nbsp;pente perfundendo,qui in eo opere fuerunt hoftes omncsne�nbsp;/�Hilf Ff/��-!-� iTi�i t//quot;i Trvi /-vtArvi irrn-Iv/gt;ri Tt* r�r ni if� i

non potuerat fieri intra murum,barathrum'ampiiffima Ion� gitudineamp;ampb'tudine, uti pifcinam,fecerunt,contraeumnbsp;iocum,quafpccus agebantur, eamque'e puteis amp; e portu imnbsp;pleuerunt. Itat�/cum ipecus effet repente naribus apertis,uchenbsp;mens aqu� uis immiffa/fupplantauit fulifturas, quic� intra fucnbsp;runr;amp; ab aqu� multitudine,amp; ab ruina,fpecus omnes funtnbsp;oppreffi. Etiam turn agger ad murumtotraeoscompararenbsp;tur,amp;arboribusexcifi's^cocgcollocaris, locus operibus exagnbsp;gcraretur, baliftis/uecfesferreos candentcs in id mitrtendo,tonbsp;tarn munitionemlcoegeruntcoflagrare.Teftudo autem arie�nbsp;taria/cum ad murum pulfandum acceffit, demiferunt laque�nbsp;um,amp; eo/arietcconftricto, per tympanumergatacircuma�nbsp;genres, fufpcnfocapite eiusinon funt paffi tangi murum. De�nbsp;niqucitotammachinam'candentibusmalleoh'sctbaliftarum

DE ARCHITEC� LIB� X. 49t plagisidil��pauerunt. ka/h� uicSon'a ciu�ares, non machfm's,nbsp;fed c�tra machinarum ranoncm,architedorum folertiafuninbsp;liberar� � Qjias potui de machinisexpedite rationcs pacisnbsp;bellicp temporibus,amp; utiliffimas putaui,inhocuolumincnbsp;perfeci.fnprioribus uero nouctn,de fingulis generibusSinbsp;parcibus comparaui, uci totuin corpusomnia architcAurarnbsp;membta'in decerri uolunainibus haberet cxplicara.

feror�tioer�tpotius ucr�culod pne quinto,ibi.-Qtidtpotui,crc-feJnti!t^ bumut,leaori indulgentes, rcccptam Vitruuij pHionentretineret

A Qua/Helepolimadmccniaacccdentcmcorripuit,] Hele polislmiichindiib euer tendis urbibus diaa,i2.(gt;gt; enimeuertofignipcat: innbsp;ter'^iamp;�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4 Diodoro Sicu'o lib. lo. recenfetur. Aedipcdtur authoc

tfjodo,ut tradit Ammidnushb.i^.Tc�udo compjgin�tur immdnis,dxibut robordtd longi�imis�rreisq- ciduis dptdtd, Circontegtturcorijsbubulis,nbsp;ttirgdrumq^ recentitexturd,dtqi Imo a/perguntur eius fuprema, utfldm�nbsp;tneos detmiletg;^ m�iles cdfus � Conferuntur dutem eiuspontdhbustri-fulc� eiijpides prdacutd.ponderibus f�rreis graues, qualid nobis piiloresnbsp;o�enduntplmind, uelfi�ores: ut quicquid petiertt,acu!eis exertis dbrunt*nbsp;pat^HincJtd ualidam molen^rotis /�mbus regens nunterofus intrinfe�nbsp;CM mdes ,ldnguidiori murorum parti'uiribus admouctconcitis, cr,nifinbsp;defuper propugnantiunt ualucrint uires, co�i�s parietibiisladiiM pate�quot;nbsp;citingentes. B Interea'rexDemctrius,quipropteranimi pernbsp;tinaciam ] Vrbium expugnator^ Grtec� Tr�AiopntTKS diatilt;r,� -n-oAi�nbsp;Crnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;e� de�ruoiquo cognomentc e�appvllttus Hentctnus Antia

goni K egw filiiis, ut �enbunt Plutarchus in eius uita, or Aminianus hb.i},. C Cuiusaltjtudofueratpeducxxv. latitudopedumlx. ]nbsp;Hdnc Helepolimin uita Demetrij,fcribit Plutarchtis^�u�c paribus latrrianbsp;bus quadrat am,gr adatim ad uerticem contrail am ; cius altitudincm'�uf�;nbsp;eubitorum lxyi.latitudinemxlyuj.DiodorM autem SiculM,Btbliothccie li�

fcro lo.C^uo librolnondtvm, quad fctdm,in lucem icdito, ufi fumut ex Biblia theca Vaticana)altttudinem aitlcubitorum ttonaginta,uniMrfam latitudi*nbsp;nem^uadraginta�djjetabulatorun^nouemfubrotatam. D Itacam ci�nbsp;Iicji6,(8d corrjs crudis/confirm�uit.] Vr�ter aliosifcribit Seruiidnbsp;Georg.i. cilici/s.tegi tabulata tutrium, ne ia�is �cibusignis po�it adhiC^nbsp;rerc.Et AfconiufPedianuilib.i.inailiones Ciceronisin Verrem tradit,nbsp;Ciliciaieffetextadepilismcaftrorumufum. E Palmare faccrc.] Palnbsp;mar�,�ramen dpalmo,id e� habens diametripalmtvm unum. Terebra aunbsp;temifiunt foramina rotunda^quodinte�exitAmobiusdibro o.aduerfusnbsp;gentes,cum aU�mulachratercbrarum excauata uertigine, F Semip cnbsp;daleautcm,maius�necogitandumquidcm.] Dee�uocutaue,nbsp;utfcribaturadhuncmodum,i:gt;!iaiusue,neeogitandumquidem. G Samnbsp;bucarummachma.s,]Sambucamimachiname�'^quaurbesexpugnannbsp;tur,quc)d ut in organo Sambucaichord�,�c in machinaintenduntur firnes,nbsp;Milore�Sext^Pompeius.tieminitVegetius lib,^. cdp,ij.etapudAthenbsp;MumDipnofophi�on �b. 14. pro mufico inllrumento Euphorien, pranbsp;machina auteBithon, Andreas Panormitdnus,Polybitislib.s.etlAo�hus,nbsp;qui ait�eraclidem Tarentinum inucniffe- H Sed fbi mallcolis connbsp;fix�incendio funtconflagrai�,] Vid�eoli,ut feribit �oniusnbsp;Karcellus, f int manipuli�gt;arteipice conte�li, qui incenfi, aut in muros,nbsp;aut in te�udines iaciuntur � Ammianus autem libro a. tradit fiac fpe*nbsp;ciefigurdri,Sdgittae�canned,inter�)icu}umcrdrundinemmultifido�rnbsp;ro codgmentdta, qua in muliebris co� f�rmam, quo nentur linea�amina,nbsp;concduaturuenterfubtiliter,Zirpluri�ridpatens,dt^inalueoipfo'igneranbsp;cumdliquofufcipitalimento,e2r fi emijfalentius arcu inualido f iduenintnbsp;rapidioreextinguitur) haferit ufquam,tenaciter eremat qua^ con�gt;er*nbsp;fa,dcriorexcitatlt;e�usincendiorum, necremedio uno,quamfuperte�anbsp;puluere'confopitur.Piteorummentioapud Vegetium lib.4�Cap.Zo.

Ha�enuihis no�ris lefiiuis lucubrationibus lucem adfirre tenebrico^ fo A uilori�uduimus ; ad c�teros autemifi hinc aliqua perueniat utilitas,nbsp;non nosimpenf� oper�, eo�oeatarumqi horarumpoenitebit. Viulta qui*nbsp;iemfcon�lio pr�termi�mus,non tarn ignorata nobis,qu�m contemptaautnbsp;dilata.Ncqi eniinhoc tempore fententia fiiit^mnia perfequi, fed in aliud,nbsp;gHo �beriore otio per�uemur,reieeimii5. Alioquin,ut in magna fylua/bo*nbsp;t�uendto�

DE ARCHITEC. LIB. X 4^5 tii uenatoris cft.ind�gantcr �nu (ut inquit Co�umeUd ) qu�m plurimai ca^nbsp;pere,neccuiqueimculpa fuit, non omnesccepilfe-.ittinobisiftttis abunde^nbsp;tfljtitn Oper oft muneris,quod Ldtinoritm primifufcepimu{,mdgnam parnbsp;tem trddidiffei ddeo^nonre�rmiddmus drgui,utnobist�mgrdti�imdmnbsp;le�urinoflrdfC�quis tamelegct) �nt ��uri,fi quamintis dccurdt� internbsp;pretdtd/reprehcnderintyUel no inuentdtnon�rduerint. N�squa potuimuinbsp;praflitimudidc tdm multdcd�igduimus,utfiqtti5tdnlundem �cerit, pdu-:nbsp;Cd ddmodum de�turd'uideantur, quominmin fuum nitoremreftituaturnbsp;hic duilor.Mj�rtaffed nobif excitd�in id incumbent,^' ttdUi qu�mnos 'nbsp;cxempldrid ca�igdtiord (nimiriem qua uidimus,omnid peruer�onibus ZTnbsp;erroribusidd unutn fcdtcnt) mdculuK detergent,qu�d ^ntuitidiquiienbsp;Mxilio ueterum librorum�utocorrigt po�int: dutmdiotsnbsp;ingeniopraditi, eius bene�cio, quod legendumfuit,nbsp;reponent. Hoc tdmente�dtum uolutnus�dbo*nbsp;reshos no�ros ,mdiores �iffe,quantnbsp;uifum iri �ieremus,

lt;E, Haec Philander commentabaturRomae.nl. Calend, Augufti. M. D. XLI. Suadente�mpclIentec^amp;ad�nbsp;iuuante Mecocnace fuo'Georgfo Armeniaco,nbsp;Ruthenorum Epifcopo,tum regionbsp;ad Paulum III. Pont,

die Mechanicus. Qtiamuis nihil/in hoc mundo pr�cil�onem attingerequear,camen iudicium ftater�/uen�us expcrimur,54nbsp;hi'nc,ubiq;acccptatur.SeddicKO qu�fo,cum nonficpoflibilc/nbsp;ineadc magnitudineefle idem pondus/indiuerfis diucrfaninbsp;habentibus originem, an nequiiquam/expcrimchtales pongt;nbsp;derum conferipferitdifferentiaslt; PHILOSOPHVS.nbsp;Neep legi,necf audiui. MECHANICV S.Vnn3quifgt;nbsp;quam nobis4ianc confignationem pr�fenraret : fupra multanbsp;uolumina/caripenderem. PHILOSO. SitibicordielTetnbsp;utfaceres,puto'pcrneminemcliusfieri. MECH A. Quifgt;nbsp;que nolens faceret^urn fit facile�fed mihi/deeft opportunitas.nbsp;PHILO. Dicito util�atetn,amp; mod�c� uidebo;fi aut ego, autnbsp;aliusfefRcerequeat. ME CH A.Ego/perponderumdifferednbsp;tiam�rbitror adrerum fecreta uerius perringi, �i multa fcirinbsp;poflez-uerifimilioriconieftura. PHILO. Optime ais. Sic

amp; graues atc^ terreas habcntem,dcclinandum, M E C H A, Sicut igicureiufdem fonds aqu�iuidentur eiufdem ponderiy:-�c natur�.�fic diuerforum,diuerfi' ponderi's* P HIL O.nbsp;dentur,aislt;qua�^Iiudficin ucritate. M E CH A. Fateoriexnbsp;lemporepondus uan�ai t;Hcec aliquand�/j'nperceptibiiiter.nbsp;Namindubieialiiideft p�dusaqu�uno tempore: aliud/alio.nbsp;Sic amp; aliud pondus aquaacirca f�nt�;aliudBn dift�cia a fonte.nbsp;Sed hac differentiae) uixpercepdbiles^ pro nullis habentur .nbsp;PHILO .Arbitrarisfi�cin omnibuseffe^utidixifti in aquaCnbsp;M E C H A� Arbitror certe.nam nequaquam ell: eiufdem p�gt;nbsp;deris/identitas magnitudinis quorumcuncjdiuerforu.unde'nbsp;cum aliud fit pondus fanguinis amp; urin�,boi�iri�s fani amp; infirnbsp;nii,iuuenisamp;lenis,Alemanniamp;Afri;nonne maxime coferretnbsp;Medico,habere has omnesdifferctias/annotatasc� P HILO,nbsp;Maxime certe: immolper pondera confignatalfc quis admira/nbsp;bilcm conftitueret. M E C H A.Arbitror enim Medicuuonbsp;rius iudicium ex pond�r� urin^ipan'ter amp; colore fimul^ facerenbsp;poffe,quamexfallacicolore. P HlLO.Certiffime: ME.nbsp;Sicetiam/cum herbar�radices,ftirpes,folia,fru�:iis, fem i na,nbsp;amp;fuccus,fuumhabcantpondus:fiomnium herbarum pon gt;nbsp;deratonfignata effentcum uarietate locorum,naturam omgt;nbsp;nium Medicus attingeret meliusiin pond�r� amp; fapore, quamnbsp;fallaci guftu. PHILO. Optime dicis. M E C H A.Sciretnbsp;deindejex collationc ponderum hcrbar�T,ad pondus fanguigt;nbsp;nis uel urin�, dof�m applicationisicx c�cordantia �i differen'nbsp;riamedicaminis)artingere,amp;progno(�icaadmiranda/facere:nbsp;Sific/ftaticis experimentis adomneicibile, pr�cii�oreconienbsp;Aura accederct. PHILO. Mirandum multu,quod in pon quot;nbsp;derum fignatura,haiftcnus defides fucrunt/tot laboriofi inuc�nbsp;ftigarores, M E C H A.Nonne putas, � aqu�/ex ftrido fo gt;nbsp;ramine clepfydr�ifluere in peluim permiteeres, quoulcj^ fa ni-''nbsp;adolefcentispulfum'ccntics I�nt!res,amp;f�militer ageresfnadoquot;nbsp;lefccte infirmo : inter aquas illas/oonderis cadere differ�tias^nbsp;PHILO.Quisdubitarc� M E CH A.Expond�r�igiturnbsp;aquarumiad diuerfitatem pulfuum in iuuenc,fene, ftnq innbsp;firmo peruenirctur; it�ad incrbi uen'orcm npeidamjeumnbsp;aliud

aliud pondus in una infirmitate, aliud in alia neceffario cueni ret � V nde perfeAius fieret iudiciumicxexpcrimentali pulfuunbsp;tali d�fFerentia, amp;i pond�r� urin� iquatn taftu uen�tSi colorenbsp;urin�tant�. PHILO. Oprime ais. MECHA.AdhuOnbsp;f� fpiritum feu anhelicum/per infpirationem amp; expirationeux/nbsp;iam dida ponderum aqu� habitudinc attingeretinonne ad gt;nbsp;hucpr�cifiusiudici�faceret� PHILO.Fateorcerte. ME�nbsp;Si enim fluente aqua excleplydra/centum numeraret expirainbsp;tionesin puero,amp;fimiliter/infene:noncftpofl�bile;aquasci#nbsp;ufdem ponderis euenire.Sicdico�inalijs diuerfis�tatibus/�Cnbsp;complexionibus. V nde,qu�do medico conftaret p�dus ex gt;nbsp;pirationis f3ni,aut pueri/aut adolefcentis,amp; f�miliccr �grot�nbsp;tis/uaria infirmitate, indubie'tali experimcnro'ad notiriam fanbsp;nitatis'�i cafus ab ipfa,atc� ad dofim remediorum^eftius pernbsp;ueniret. PHILO.Immo'etiamad coniefturas periodi,nbsp;M E C H A.Bene ais.Si enim repcriret in fano adolefcctCponnbsp;dus fenis amp; decrepiri,conijc�ret(illum ccrcius moritur�,amp; ta gt;nbsp;les faceret admirabiles c�ieduras. Adhucfi in febribusper figt;nbsp;milem modum/paroxifmos calidos amp; frigidos, per ponde gt;nbsp;rum aqu� differentiam'annotaret : nonne morbi eff�caci�acnbsp;remedijopportunitatcmucriusattingerepoflett� PHILO�nbsp;Indubie poflet.expcrirctur enim uiAori� unius qualiiatisfugt;nbsp;per aliam,caloris/fuperfrigus,auteconuefib;amp;fecundum rcnbsp;pcrtam habitudincm/medelas applicaret. M E C H A. Adnbsp;hue dico/in uarfis netationibus,amp; regionibus,amp; temporibus,nbsp;ifta uariari inidentitate �tatis.undeiuarietatemponderumnbsp;fecundum omnia defignari,quamuis dift�cile,ramen urilifi�^nbsp;rnum/efiet. PHILO.Siceft,utais. MECHA.Videturnbsp;autem/quodpondus omnium rcr�confiderandum effet, utinbsp;medium diuerfitaris ponderum'ret� medrj climatis in di'uer //nbsp;f�sclimatibus. ut fi pondus hominis'inc�paratione ad aliudnbsp;animal confiderandum effet: tunc'homo eftconf�derandus,nbsp;n� ut Septentrionem'aut Meridiem,ubi hincinde eft exceffus*nbsp;f�d potiusaitclima medium/inhabitans. PHIL O.Optimcnbsp;ais.Veteresclimailluddiarhodonappellarunt.nam ab orhnbsp;ente ad occafum per Rhod� inful� tendit, Sed qu�fo/fi totiusnbsp;hominis

hominis pondusincomparanone ad aliud aliquodanimal qufrercsiquomodoprocederes�* MECH A,Hominem innbsp;libra ponercm,cin,fimflepondusappend�r2in alia partc,de#nbsp;indehominem in aquam mittercm,amp; iterum/extraaquam abnbsp;alia parte xquak appcndercm,amp; diuerficatem ponderu/an 'jgt;nbsp;nocaremzfaccremcpid idem cum animali dato^�i exuariadi#nbsp;ucrfitate ponderum,qu�f�tumannotarem.Pofthocattende-!'nbsp;rem ad pondcr� hominis �i animalis diucrfitat� extra aqua :nbsp;fecund�hoc moderarer inucnt�,amp;conicriberem. PHI.

Hanc m oderationem/non capio. M E C H A, Oftendam ti �' bi(inquit) �C accepto ligno leui,cuius pondus^t tria, amp; aqu�nbsp;ciufdc raagnitudinisutquincpjipfumin duas diuifit in�quagt;nbsp;les partes : quarum unababuit duplam magnitudinem, alia'nbsp;fimplam.ambasincuppam altampofuit,amp;cum fuftetenuit/nbsp;acaqu5fiipcrfudit;ct fufterctradroiafcendcruntligna adaqu�nbsp;fiiperficiem,amp; maius lignum titius qua minus. Ecce (aiebat)nbsp;tufuides diuerfitatem motus/in identitate proportionisexeonbsp;euenirc: quia in leuibus lignis,inmaiori/eftplus leuitatis.nbsp;PHlLO.Video,amp;placetmulrum. ME CH A.Sicdico/nbsp;modcrationemfieri deberc. Sienim homo'obmagnitudinenbsp;fuper animalplus grauitatis haberet,citius in aqu3, qua ani^nbsp;mal eiufdem proportionis defcenderctlquare/tiincoporterec/nbsp;moderationem repert� differenti� diminuendo proportionnbsp;nabiliter,fieri fecund� excefiiim PHIL O.Intelligo nunc.nbsp;Seddicito/quomodorefiftitaqua,nedcfccdatlign�lt; MEC.nbsp;V t maior grauitas'minori.quare/fi lignum rotundum in cennbsp;ram pre(reris,amp; extraxeris i locum aqua implendo, amp; huiusnbsp;aqu� pondus,fimiliter �i lignibotaueris: comperie^fi podusnbsp;lignijcxcedit pondus aqu�,lignum deicendereifi non,natare,nbsp;amp;fupra aquam partem proportionalem ligni manere,fecunnbsp;du excefTum ponderis aqu�'fuper pondus ligni. PHI LO.nbsp;Cur dicisde rotundo lignocquot; MECH A.Si fueritlat� figunnbsp;rj,de aqua plusoccupabit,amp;eleuaiiusnatabir. Hincnauesinnbsp;aquis/pauce profunditatiSjciTedeber�c latiorisfundi. P H Innbsp;L O .Continua inc�ptum, an aliterpondera animalium at nnbsp;tingi poflintf MECH A.Pofftnt puto, Nanqfi linam ufq?

ad fummS/aqiia impleres,ipfamcfin alialocaresidei'nd�iho# minis pondus extra aquam caperes ,pofthooipfutnintinamnbsp;illam defeenderefacere�, amp; aquam qu� effluereccoirigcresSinbsp;ponderarcSjSi pariformicerinalio/aut hominc, autanimali,nbsp;autalia requacuncj procedendo,exdiuerfitateponderum ,nbsp;fubtili ratinoe qu��cum attingeres. PHIL O.Subciliternbsp;multum aliqu�do equidem audiui, hoc ingenio/metallorumnbsp;differentiam repercamtatcj nonnullos annotafle, quant�fu tnbsp;fio uncif cerfjColligit auri, arg�ti,cupri,�i ita de omnibus menbsp;tallis, MEC H.Laudandus eft ille,quiper fufionem'magninbsp;tudinem intelligit� Vidic enim,l� aurum/tantum loci occupanbsp;rec,qu3tum uncia cer�;quod tuncleius pondus tantum effet ?nbsp;Ita/de altjs metallis.Nam certiffimum eft/aliudeffe pondusaunbsp;ri,aliud/argcnci/�i c�terorum/in �qualitate magnitudinist�inbsp;aliud/cuiusiibet pondus in acre, aliuddn aqua, aliudin oleo,nbsp;aut in alio liquore. V nde,fi quis/pondera ilia omnia �gnatanbsp;tencretjille profeAo feiret/quantum unum metallum eft gragt;nbsp;uiusaltero4nacre,ctquant�zin aqua.Hinodataquacuncjmafnbsp;fa,per p�derum eius diuerfitatem in acre. Si aqua,fciri poffet/nbsp;cuius metalli maffa effet,Si cuiias mixtur�. Et ficut didum eftnbsp;de aSrel�i aqua, ita eu� de olco dici poffet, aut alio quocuncpnbsp;Iiquorc,in quo/experientia fada fuiffet. PHI LO.Sic abfcjnbsp;naaffaefufione/Siraetallorumicparatione/mixturaattingere^nbsp;turtSi ingeni� iftud/in monctis utile effet,ad feiendum/quan#nbsp;tum cupri immixtum fit auro,aut argento� MEC H.Redenbsp;ais.Valeretenim plurimum/adfophifticaalchymicaoperanbsp;' cognofeenda, quantum a ueritatedef�cerent. P HIL O. Sinbsp;quisigitur/librumponderum/conicribercproponeret,illum;nbsp;ctiam uarietatem metalli cuiuslibctannotare oporteret,ut u*nbsp;ydetur.nam alteriusponderiscftaur� ungaricum,alterius'au#nbsp;\ rum obrizon.Ita de l�ngulis metallis, M E C H A. Ex pr�*nbsp;cniffisconftar,uti in fontibus, ira Si mincris,diuerf�tatem poanbsp;deris reperiri. Aurum tarnen ubictinc^ reperiatur, femper eftnbsp;pondcrofius,quam aliud metallum. V nde fpedes ilia auriinnbsp;tra quandam ponderis latitudin� uariare reperirur.Itade re �nbsp;�quis, PHILO.Ancshabitudineponderum metalloru,nbsp;nalorum

Ualorutn ucnaripofl�t habttudoc� MECHA.PIumb�/cff �uro f�miliusinp�derc,f�d in perfeAiononequaqu�. Vndenbsp;non ad unum pondus tantum attcndendSccnfeOjfed ad l�n^nbsp;gula pon dera. Nam ad pondera ignis fuf�onis tam auri quanbsp;plumbi/fi quis actendit,minus rcpcrit plumbum ad aur� ac gt;nbsp;cedereiquam aliud metafl�;amp;fiquis)ad pondera ignis/in ferrinbsp;fufione atcenditjcioccurrit/ferrum plus accederead aur� qu�nbsp;aliud mecallum, licet/quo ad p�dusgrauitaci^'minus. Vnde/nbsp;omnia ponderaactendidebcnr, non grauicas tancum:amp; tune/nbsp;c�perimusarggcum auro propinquius.PH I LO. Vitruuiusnbsp;ait/de pond�re naturae auri, quod folum/in argento uiuo fubnbsp;mergitur,quantumcunc�etiam paru� grauitatis fuerit, alrjsnbsp;metallis fupranarantibus quantumcuncp magn� molis exinbsp;fiant. MEC. Argentum uiuum/c� omnibus mealltis comnbsp;iungibileeft,proptcrc�mune, quod cft in ipfQ/amp; illis:fcdmanbsp;gis amorofe/auro adh^rer^ ficut minime perfcftum,ru3cprogt;nbsp;prise naturae perfedifl�mae. Hinc/qui alchimicis uacantjaj'�nbsp;gentumuiuum in ign� domare ftudcnr,quoullt;j/n3 folu nonnbsp;fugiatabigne,fed omnia metallaquibusiungitur/fecumf�xanbsp;teneat:amp; non folum hoc,fed amp; in pondus auri/ftringar, retnanbsp;nfte fluxibili et malleabili humiditate, ata tingat colore t�xo/nbsp;amp;permanctc. PH IL O.Putas/eospoflecfficere/quodpronbsp;pon�tr MEC H. Prjei�o manetinattingibilis ; fed quangt;nbsp;rum profecerin^atera oft2dit,fine qua,tiihil ccrtiefRcere po^nbsp;cuerunt:iudicio enim ignis/amp; fiaterae,huius rei inquifitio per^nbsp;inittitur. P HILO.Polfentfimiliterlapidesomnesprecionbsp;fiponderari�' ME CH A. N�dubi�Ainoingenioomnnianbsp;fieri poITe.nam aliud eft pondus diamantis/in ordine ad jquanbsp;lem magnitudin�plumbi; amp; aliudfaphiri'fimiliterinordinenbsp;ad �qualitatem magnitudinis plumbi.amp;exdiuerfitate'fciturnbsp;habitudo plumbtponderum utriufc�: amp; ica de omnibus lapinbsp;dibus. Vnde perutileelTetpondera iftaliia ftaticiexperimStinbsp;conicripta habcri,cum fuis originum difFcrcntqs,utf�qu� fonbsp;phifticationesinberyllo/aut cryftallo colorato/fierent,depr�nbsp;hedi polTent. P HI �. O. Eciam c� aliud fit p�dtislapidis'innbsp;acrc,aliud,'in aqua, aliuddn oleo,pulchrum effet�ftas diuerfi#

tatcshaben'jUt finehabitudine ad plumbum,iiel aliud tcrtiff� differentia ponderum fciretur � M E C H A. Optime dicis �nbsp;PHIL O.DicicOjfi tibi occurrit, uirtiites lapidu m/aliquo innbsp;gcniopondcraripoflef MEC H A.Puto,quoduirtusma^nbsp;gnetis p�deraretufjfi pof�to in libraferro/in una parte,amp;ma(gt;nbsp;gneceiin alia,ufc^ad�quilibriumj ddnde/fi amoto magnete,nbsp;tanti ponderisaliograui in locum pof�to,magnes fupraferrQnbsp;tencrctur, ita quod ferr��n bilance eo/furfum ad magnetemnbsp;moueretur ; quo moto extra �qualitat^in alia parte pondusnbsp;aggrauaretur,quoufcjferrum ad gqualitatem rediret,magnc-te immoto remanente; piito'quod per hocpondus'retraliensnbsp;uirtus magnetis'proportionabiliter ponderata dici pofTet.Sinbsp;militer etiam uirtus Diamantis�ienarettir ex hoc : quod manbsp;gnctem prohibere dicitur,neferrum anrahat.amp; ali j aliorumnbsp;lapidum uirtutes fuo modo,atcf etiam exdiuerfitate magmVnbsp;tudinis corporis, cumin maiori corporel fit maior uirtus,nbsp;PHILO. Nonne etiam cxperiri poflct artifex,quantum ar�nbsp;gcntiuiui,amp; quantum fulphuri^c�tincat quodlibet metall�,nbsp;amp;fimiliterlapidesC MECHA.Poirctcertetexconcordan^nbsp;tiaamp; differStia p�derum/omnia taliapropinqueinueftigare.nbsp;ficf�militerclementa argentiuiui exdiuerficateponderisfui,nbsp;in a�re,inaqua,amp;in oleo,comparata ad aquam amp; oleum, amp;nbsp;cineres eiufdem magnirudinis ponderatos;fi�amp; de fulphure,nbsp;Ita et per hoc lad omnium metaliorum etlapidum elementa,nbsp;�i ponduselementorum/c�ieAura ueriori pertingere poffet.nbsp;P H IL O.Pulchrafunthxc;nonne �i italin herbis, Sflignis,nbsp;amp; carnibus, �i animalibus, 6i humoribus^ M E C H A. Innbsp;omnibus puto,Nam ponderato ligno, amp; illo cxuftcycineri �nbsp;bus pondcrads,fcitur/quant� aqtij fuitin ligno: folum enimnbsp;aqua amp; terra/pondus graue habeqt. Sritur fimiliter/ex diuerfinbsp;t�te ponderislignWn a�'re,aqua,acolco,quanto/aqua illa qufnbsp;in ligno eft,grauior atit leuior efiiaqua fondspura ; amp;f�ciquannbsp;tum a�ris.Ita de diuerf�tatep�dcrum cinerum,quanifl ignis :nbsp;uenanttir fie elementa/ueriori conieflura, licet praecif�o f�tnbsp;femper inattingibilis.amp;ud de ligno 'diftum eft, ita de herbis ,nbsp;Tarnibus,amp;alijs, PHILO.NulIum purum dabiledidturnbsp;clenaentum.

elements, quomodo hocexperimurper ftater�? MECH* Si quis poficis centum libris terr�tfn poto tcftaceOjColligeretnbsp;fucceifiueZex herbis aut i�tninibus in terram iaAis'prius pon #nbsp;deratisjCentum HbraSjamp;iterum'terram ponderaret,in pauco/nbsp;ipfam in pond�r� reperirct diminutam:ex quo habcret,colienbsp;�as herbasip�dus ex aqua potiu^ habere. Aquae igitur in tergt;nbsp;ra ingrolTataejterreftreitatem attraxerunt; amp; op�rante foleinnbsp;herbam funt condcnfatae;fi herb� ille incinergtur, nonne'pernbsp;c�iefturam/ex ponderum omniS dhierfitatc attingeresjquan^�nbsp;rum terr� plus centum libris reperirest�Si illudaquam attu #nbsp;liiTe manifeftum eft. Conuertuntur enim elementa unu in aligt;nbsp;ud per partes;uti expcrimuquitro in nine pofito, aifrem in uinbsp;tro/in aquam condenfari, quamfln uitro fluidam reperimus.nbsp;fie experimur certam aquam/in lapides uerti,uti aqu5/in gla gt;nbsp;ciem; �i uirtutem induratiuam aclapidificaduam/certisfontinbsp;businefte^qniimpofita, indurant in lapidem.Itaetiamfertur,nbsp;aqua quand� in V ngaria reperiri,qu�/ob uirtut� uitrioli qu�nbsp;In ea eft,uertitferrum;incuprum:extalibuscnimuirtutibus,nbsp;conftat^quas n� efte pureelementares,fed clementatas.amp; denbsp;letftabilemultum cffetpmnium talium aquarum uariarS uirnbsp;tutum/habere pondera, ut ex diuerfitatc ponderum in acrc/amp;nbsp;oleo,adc�icffturasuirtutS/appropinquaremus. PHILO.nbsp;Siede terr�t* M E C H A.Immo amp; de terra,quoniam una'cftnbsp;ferax,alia/fterilis,amp; in unateperiuntur lapides �i mincr3e,qu$nbsp;non reperiuntur in alia. Terrarum igitur diuerlarum pondenbsp;ra uariafin aqua ,acre,ct oleo fcir^mul tum utile effet ad fecretanbsp;naturae pcrquirenda,ita ut ex uinorum,cerae,oleorS, gum #nbsp;marum,aluminum,fquillarum,porrorum,alliorum^iom�nbsp;nium talium,ponderum uarietace,uirtutes/qu� uari� illis innbsp;funt,aliquatcnusuenaripoffe arbitrer. Et totiusterracp�dus Znbsp;coniedura affequi poffemus.Nam circunferentia agnofeitur /nbsp;amp; diameter, ex quo/haberi poteft capacitas continentiaque innbsp;num�ro milliariorum;igitur/numcrato uno digito folido ternbsp;rf,facilededucipoteftztotiuscapacicatisp�dus. P HI LO.nbsp;In maximo uolumine/ifta uixeonferiberentur. M E C H A.nbsp;Experira�talis fcientia,latas depofeit feripturas; qu an to enim

DE ST ATICIS EXPERT, plurcs fucrint, tanto faciliusde cxpcrimcntfs ad artcmjqu�nbsp;ex ipfis clicitur,poflct deueniri. PHILO. Foncad a�ris p5nbsp;dus/etiatnialiquando per conieAuras fubtiles afcendcreturnbsp;M E C H A.Si quisin libra magn�,parte unaappcderct mulnbsp;tam lanam,ct l�ccam^ tc� adunatam,amp; alia partcdapidcs ufcjnbsp;ad �quilibrium/inloco acretemperato,cxperirctur,a2renbsp;ad humiditatem dedinance/pondus lanx crcfccre , �i acre adnbsp;ficcitatem tcndcnte/decrefcere. Vndchictalidifferctia acremnbsp;ponderaret,arcp ucrifimiksconicfturasfde tcmporum mutanbsp;done faceret.Sicfi quis fobs uigorem uarium/attingere cupe#nbsp;ret in uarijs dimatibus, hic/ii de fercilioribus agris tam uniusnbsp;quam alteriusdimatis/millegranaauttritici,aut ordei,ponAnbsp;deraret, ex diuerGcate ponderum/cxperirctur uarium folisuinbsp;gorem : numero cnim�tt�agro xque fertili cxiftentc, quoadnbsp;locum quemlibetjdifFer�tia/n� nifiex foleelTepoterit.Siced�nbsp;differentiam uenari poflesuigoris folislinloco montium 5Cnbsp;uallium,in eadum lineaortusjSioccafus. PHILO.N�nenbsp;fi quis/ex akaturri lapidem cadere f�nerct,fluSte ex ftrido fo#nbsp;ramine aqua�n peluim,aquam int�rim efflux�/ponderando,nbsp;Sii fimilitcrligno �qualis magnitudinis cadente/idem fecerit;nbsp;ex diuerfitatc ponderum aquf/ligni/amp; lapidis, pofletad a�risnbsp;p�dusdeuenircfM E C.Siquis/in diuerfis fqualibusturribus;nbsp;�i diuerfis temporibus hoc faceretjpolTet tandSad conieAu^nbsp;ram pertingerexitius tarnen ad a�rispondus pertingeretpernbsp;figurar� uarietatem in �qualitate grauitatis, ut fi libr� plum quot;nbsp;biin figura fphj ricade turri cadere finerem , aquamex clepfynbsp;dra colligendo,amp; deindelibram f�milis plumbiin figura la �nbsp;ta cmittcrem,Gmiliter aquam colligendo, ex diuerf�tate pongt;nbsp;derum aquarumpondusa�risattingeretur. Experimurenim/nbsp;aues/extenfis alis fixius manere,quia plus de a2rc occupant, finbsp;eut amp; in aqua'citius dclccndit graue compadum in fphjram,nbsp;quam in quadrum extenfum. Et forte adhuc uidetur faci�us,nbsp;pofle ponderari �cr, ut fi impler�rur f quales follesoequaliterynbsp;in diuerfis temporibus amp; locis,'exmotu enim illorum jqua #nbsp;lium follium per xquam altitudinem,ftillata aqua per clepfynbsp;dram tempore motus,�( ca/ponderata, exproportione ponnbsp;dent

den's aqu�,ad aquam uariorum loco rum aut tcmpor�,t(S agnofd pollet facile.Secundum cnim proportionem exceflus/nbsp;ponderol�on's aquf, eflec exceflus leuiratis a�ris illius follis/�unbsp;per acn'sMqu� minus ponderantis leuitatem .Immo ponderanbsp;ta clepfydra,Jnuentolt;j pond�re eiusunius librae,quj(a�'re plenbsp;na/obturato cera fuperiorc foraminejn fundo aqu� fit derennbsp;ta, fi pondus libr� pr�cil�fuperpofitum, clepfydram in funnbsp;do dctiner,pr�cife a�r claufusibilibralis cft leuitatis.fic potesnbsp;fcire(a�ris ad a�rem,in diuerfislocis,t�poribus,amp; regionibus,nbsp;fan's propinqueleuitatum proportionem. Potes diper follS/nbsp;fimili ingenio fumum aut uctum ponderare : fi repletum a�renbsp;follem,in fumo/ daudendo/a�rem expiras, apcriendpifumusnbsp;follem implebit; quem;uta�rem ponderare potcris,�ipericunbsp;. lum faccre,utcrfumus an a�r/leuior,amp;quanto leuior,5i ita denbsp;uento. Pofics amp; ex motu fumi/ftillatis aqueis clepfydr� outgt;nbsp;tis,amp; motu ignis furfum^ftillatis itidem aqu� depfydrj gMtis,nbsp;leuitatem ignisfuper fumum amp; a�rem conicdare.Etqu�dicinbsp;mus de depiydris aquatilibus, forte melius tetari pofient/pernbsp;clepfydras arenales/fa�las ex uitro/aut fiftili terra,uno fora gt;nbsp;minis meatu/in fumitate,amp;uno angufto/in uafculi fundo, quinbsp;claudereturcera autdigito,uf(:j admomcnt�,quo(ponder�nbsp;pericula efient facicda�Tunc/aperiendo anguftum fundi me�nbsp;atum,amp; fluentem arenam tempore motus leuium aut graui�nbsp;iim/in peluim recipiedo, fi arenajut aqua p�deraretur,ex ponnbsp;dere aren� ad arenam, rerum pondera,fatis propinqua conienbsp;fturalcognofcentur.Et ficut fuperioribus ingenrjs,per diuerfi quot;�nbsp;tatem figuratum , a�rispondus/polTet coniedarifita amp; aqu�nbsp;uenaripofletjatque econuerlb/figurarum uaria capacitas.nbsp;PHIL O.AudiuiquodamiuftrumentouoluilTe nonnullo�/nbsp;maris profunditatem uenari. MECH A.Cum plumbo fienbsp;retformato ad inftar lun�/odo dierum: ita tamen,quod cor /nbsp;nuun5'fitponderiofius,amp;a|iud4eHius,amp;inleuiori;pomum .nbsp;autaliudleuc/tali inftrumentoappendatur,quodplumboinnbsp;(undo pom� trahente,amp; primojcum ponderofiori parte'ter �nbsp;ram tangcnte,amp; fefic fucceffiuGinclinantc,pomum/de Cornunbsp;liberatumifurfum reuertatur, habita fcientia per fitnilepluinnbsp;b um amp; poraSd�n alia aqua not� profunditatis, nam ex diuer

fitste ponderum aqux)cxclepfydra,a tempore proicd�on�s plumbi,amp; reuerfionis pomi in diuerfis aquis,fcitur qu�fit� �nbsp;PHIL O.Credoitali amp; altjs modiamp;profiinditatcm aquarumnbsp;inueftigari pofle.Sed dicito : none ctiam uclodtas motus nanbsp;uisconrjcificpoteritlt; MECHA.Vtjqiiopafto� PHIL.nbsp;Scilicet/per proieflionem pomi in aquam/ex prora ,6iflux5nbsp;aqu�ex clepfydra,quoufc^pomum;ad puppim pcruenerit,nbsp;arej comparatione ponderum aqu�/uno �C alio tempore.nbsp;M E C H A. Immo illo, aut alio modo^fcilicetper teli|?alift3enbsp;uibration� amp; accelTum nauis ad fagittam citius Si tardius/c�nbsp;aqua clepfydrac. PHILO. Sdentia uirium arcuum amp; ba#nbsp;liftaruiuidetur proportionaliter inquiri pcgt;fle,per fluxG aquaenbsp;ex clcpfydra,ab co punfto temporisquo fagitta diametralinbsp;ter furfum mittitur^t reuertitur ad rerram,ita quod in diuerfisnbsp;baliftis'�qualis fitfagittaM E C H. Vis baliftarfi, bom#nbsp;bardarum, immo amp; uentorum, uolatuu auium,fic amp; curfu�nbsp;hominum,amp; animaliumatcy uirium, amp;quicquid fimile didnbsp;poteft, conieAuralicer/ex ftaticisexperimentis/atq; fluxu aqu�nbsp;exclepfydra,potcritinueftigari. P H ILO.Quomodofornbsp;titudo hominis feteturt� lA E C H A. V idebis/quantum po#nbsp;dcris'inbilanceuna pofirushomo,perattradionem alreriusnbsp;uacu� bilancis fad f qu abilitatc leuare potTit; deinde huius ho#nbsp;minis pondusdep�dereeleuaro dcfalcabis^quodlupereft^exnbsp;grauitate fortitudinis hominis,proportionarur. P H1LO.nbsp;Sic. edam fpiritus hominis ponderari poflet. M E C H A.nbsp;Aliud eft pondus/hominis attrahentis amp;tenentis anhelirum ,nbsp;aliud/expirantis,amp; a!iudliiui,amp;aliud/inortui;0i ficin omni#nbsp;busanimalibus. V ndepukhrum cnethasdiffer�rias haberenbsp;annotatasfin diuerfis animalibus,amp;: diuerfis hominibus,5i dinbsp;uerfishominum aetaiibus,ut ad pondusfpirituum uitalium'nbsp;conieAuraaf endcrepoflet. PHILO. Nonnecalorem'�?^nbsp;friguSjficcitatem^amp;humiditatem tcmporis,poflquot;emus tali monbsp;douenant� fAECH.PoflTemusccrte: namfinoraucris ponnbsp;dus aquae/temporegelu antecongelacionem'Si poftj uariumnbsp;reperics; glacicm enim cum uideas fupra aqua natare ,fas 'canbsp;�qua leuiorem. V nde fecundu frigo ris intenfitate, maior eftnbsp;ponde

ponden's uariatio. Sic ctiamfficcmporc calon's'aquam expofue^ ris �!:ri,pondus fecundum tempus uariatur. Autfi lignum uiridenbsp;ponderaueri s, amp; poft tempus aliquo�eius pondus muta turn repenbsp;reris,cognofees ex hocfrigorisamp;calorisexceflum;ficamp;humidigt;nbsp;tatis/�i ficcitatis. P H I.Nonne �i tempus diei/ponderari fie pogt;nbsp;teft^ ME. Siaquamexclepfydra/abortuadort�folis/Ceperisetnbsp;ponderaueris,iterum fluercMlia die ab ortu feceris,ex proportionenbsp;ponderisefflux�aqu�ad primum pondus,hor�amp; tempus dief 'nbsp;feirepoteris. PHLFortc/tempusanni^' M E.Immo/fi per an^nbsp;num/abortu ad occafumper depfydram omnium dierum notSnbsp;fignaueris,poteris'5idiemmcnfis,amp;hor�diei,conicAuralitcrpernbsp;ftateram f�mpcrattingerc: licet diebusillisjquando paruaeftbreufnbsp;tas earundem,uariatio fit minus certa,qu�alijs, PHI.Vidco/tanbsp;li ingenio/ufcf ad motum corporum c�leftium/pertingi pofic, utnbsp;Nemroth fecifle, amp;: Hipparchus fcripfifl�feruntur. M E.Redcnbsp;ais;licettunc/opus fit/diligSti ratiocinatione. Nam fi quisin lineanbsp;naeridionalijftella fixa notata,ex clepfydra/aquam ufcf ad fte�� renbsp;ditum/colligcretjfaceretcpfimiliter deiolc�b ortu adort�,hic(mc�nbsp;turn folis ad orient�i'exdiuerfitate minoritatis pondcrisaqu�,mcgt;nbsp;tus ftell� de linea meridianaAift� ad reditum ad eandem, amp; mot�nbsp;folis de ortu ad ortum reperiret.Nam qu�to minor cflet,tanto/innbsp;c�parationead pondus totius,motus(minor effet in ordineadeirnbsp;culum jquinodialem, non zodiacum,quifupcr polos mundi n5nbsp;cft deferiptus, fed fuos.Sic/fi quis per eandem ftellam experiri uelnbsp;let,quancum fol motus effet�in quindecim dicbus,hoc/eodcm monbsp;do/ex uariadiftantiaortus folis in ordine ad fit� ftell�, in linea menbsp;ridiana/acere poffet. puta,fihodie diftantiafitusftell3cin linea abnbsp;ortu folisjin clepfydra reperitur/in proportione aliqua ad p�dusnbsp;aqu� totius reuolutionisftell3e,amp; iter�/in quindecim diebus alianbsp;proportioiex diuerfitate,motus reperiretur, amp; femper in �quinonbsp;�iali. P Hl.Poteft neperh�cui�/motusin zodiaco rcpeririCM B�nbsp;Poteft certe/per motum folisdemeridie in meridiem,�i de ori�tcnbsp;ad oricntem,�i de oriente ad occafum. Ex illis enim differentrjsdcnbsp;clinatio zodiaci ab fquinodiali/attingeretur. P H I.Qiiid de uanbsp;rietatcmotus,qui/cxEccen!rico dic{tureuenirelt; M E.Et illequfnbsp;demfrepcriefur,qu�do per ann�/in^qualitas in zodiaco, inequa#nbsp;libusdiebusrepcrictur, Non enim inxquali dierum numcro/fol.

d� �quino�:ialiper�ftatemmotus,ad�quinodialem redit,(�cut in hycme ubi citius. Nam n� totdicbus/iniicnirecur de libra ad ari,nbsp;� ctcm,ficut de ariete ad librain peragrafic.Ex qua differencia/patonbsp;retecccntricuSji�uc paruus cpityeli drculus,cx differentia motus.nbsp;PHIL.QuiddemagnitudinecorporisTolis^ ME. Ex pond�renbsp;aqu�fluentiscJepfydrf�binitio ortusfolisin �quinolt;ffiali,quonbsp;ufcj torusfit fupcrhorizontem,inhabitudineadaqu�/reuolutiogt;nbsp;nis ftell�jfcitur propinqua habitudo magnitudinis corporisfolis/nbsp;ad fph�ram fuam. Po:eft tarnen aliquis/alia uia ei�s quantitatemnbsp;uenariineclypf�busfolaribus. PH[.Qiiomod�t� ME.Motunbsp;lunjfexperimur co modo,quo folis.Deinde/execlypfi et motu einsnbsp;per umbram terr�,uenamur magnitudinc kinj^in ordinc ad terr�nbsp;umbr� uari�tex quibus medi�'c�ricimus proportions efle magninbsp;tudinis ad terram.Deinde'ex motu lunf etcclypf� folis,uenamurnbsp;folisaterra'diffanti�amp;magnitudinCjfubtil�ngeniOjConieAuralinbsp;ter tamePHI. Per eaquj narrafti,�idetur,quodomnesmotu�nbsp;diuerfitates'atcj eclypfes luminarium, immo omnium pl anetar��nbsp;progreflioncs, ffati5es,retrogradariones, dircftioncs, eccentricitanbsp;tesej/attingere poiTes codera �i unico ingcnio'ftater�iet clepfydrj.nbsp;ME.Icaamp;tufacieSjfifubtiliterdifFerctiascolligerefatagis. PHI.nbsp;Qiiidautcradeiudicijsaftrorum^ ME.Puto/amp;cxuarietatep�gt;nbsp;deruraaqu�uniusamp;alteriusannijamp;certisalijs diff�rentespon #nbsp;derum lignorura amp; h�rbarum, atep granorum frum�ti,poflc c�nbsp;ijeereffuturam fertilitatem aut ftcrilitatemcx pr�teritis experimSnbsp;tis citius, quam ex motu aftrorum. Nam fi in martio p�dus repenbsp;ritur in cerco gradu aqu�iamp; acrisatc^lignorum, ex terra fequiturnbsp;fertilitas;fi (�cus,fequitur fterilitas,aut mediocritas. Sic eti�,de belnbsp;lis,p�fte,amp; fimilibusomnibus�ommunibus.Et h�c/radixeft,ubinbsp;dehisfecundiscaufisiudiciumftellar�ucnamur,ficuticx mcdulnbsp;larum increraentis Si dccrementisin animalibus,pifcibus,amp; crannbsp;cris,arboribus quoep ac iuncis^lunae �tatcm,Si per flux� maris ,nbsp;ciusf�fum uenamur. PHI. Audiui ex Niliinundationc Si defcnbsp;�UjAegyptiosdnaidifpofition�pr�uidcrc. ME. Nullacftronbsp;gio,quin fi aduerterct,confimii'ia iudieia reperireqquemadmodSnbsp;cxpinguedinepiIcium/amp; reptili�t in principio liyemis,ftigus ma �nbsp;gnum amp;:durabileconrjcimus,c�traquod/naturai�gax in anima#nbsp;libusprouidet. PHI.Quiddequ�ftionibus qujfi�taftrologis,nbsp;an ne

an ne tuo ingenio/rcperiri poffet�equa ad onines refp�fiolt; ME. Et f� non �qua,po(ret tarnen puto(ut mehic pure probes idiotam)nbsp;fieri aliqua;quo modo autem coniedurafieri pol�etadinterroganbsp;ta,inquifitione magna indiget, ncc eft conueniens modus/libris innbsp;fcribidicct fortafiis/reipondens, pondus refponfionis n� pofi�t colnbsp;ligere,nifi ex pond�re interrogationis. Incitatio ctenim /qu jftionSnbsp;mouentis ad inteirogandum,ex pr juifione aliqua futur� euentus,nbsp;motaefie uideturdicetunde motus fipn� uideat: ficutquiin oculonbsp;aliquid fentit quod n�uidet,inueftigat ab alio,ut uideat^quia If fit.nbsp;P H LArbitror/tcdicere uclle,quemadmodumin rotapythago#nbsp;rica(cx uaria combinationc nominis interrogantis, matris, hor�,nbsp;dici,acluminis lun� ,traditur modua'refponfa uenandi : aut f�cutnbsp;uates/ex fortibusiaiit ledionecafuali librorum (ybillinorum,aufnbsp;pfaltertj,aut domibus,uel geomanticis figuris,aut auium garritu,nbsp;feu flamm� ignis flexione,aut relatione tertfj, aut aliquo aJio cafu#nbsp;ali interuentu,iudiciumfumendum. MEH.FuerunVquiexcol#nbsp;Iocutione,quam/c� interrogante habebant'in referendis nouis, denbsp;patri� difpofitione/ueuabantur indire(fte'rcfponfionem,quafi fpinbsp;ritus impulfiuus/fe in colloquijs l�gioribus manifcftaret.Si enimnbsp;ad triftia uergeb�t colloquia, talis putabatur rei euentus,�(�etiamnbsp;ad l�ta,l�tus putabatur.Ego autemZad faciem,u�ftes,mot� ocugt;nbsp;lorum,formam uerborum,atq: ponderum,fortc rerum'quasiu^nbsp;beo intcrrogantemiteratisadmedeferriuicibus attendensjconienbsp;Auras formaripoiTeconrjciebam.Preci^fiorestamenZabillOjCui/nbsp;quid ucn'us'impr�meditate incidit,in quo'pr�fagus quidam fpi^nbsp;ritus loqui uideretur, Arbitror tamen'necin ilia re/artem polTibii^nbsp;Icm,nec habentem iudicium ��municarepoiTc, nccfapicntcm/cirnbsp;ca ifta uacarc debere. P HJ.. Optime ais.Refcrt enim ian Aus Aunbsp;guftinus,hominem bubulc� fuo temporefuifle, cui/mentium panbsp;tebant cogitationcs,amp;:furcsdcregebar,amp;alia abfcondita patcfacienbsp;batmiro modo,IicctIeuilTiinusfuiflet/amp; rninimefapiens. ME.nbsp;Scio/me fjpemulta predijcifre-liti fpiritus dedit,amp;caufam penitusnbsp;ignorabam: tandem/uidere uifus fum,graui uiroAion licere abfcpnbsp;caufa loqui, amp; pofi hac/filui PHI. Poftquam igiturfatis de hisnbsp;afirorum motibus/diAum uidetur, de muficisetiamaliquid adtjnbsp;cito. ME.Admufic�ctiam/ftaticacxperiinentautiliirimafunt.nbsp;biamcxdiucrf�tateponderuin/campanar�duaruin jton� refo�

nantium,fcinirin qua harmonif propornone tonus confiftat.S�c ctiamdef�ftularum pond�re, acaquarum'fiftulasimpkntium,fdnbsp;turproportio diapafon,diapente,acdiatei�eron,atc�omni5hargt;nbsp;tnontarumqualicercuncpforniabiliuin.Similner ex p�deremaUnbsp;leorum,exquor��i�:ufuperincudemftHquaon'turharmonia,'acnbsp;giittarumde rupe in ftagnum fiillantium/uarios phthongos faci gt;nbsp;ennum,ac tibiar�,amp; omnium inftrtimencor� muficalium,ratioinbsp;pr�cifiusftateraattingitur. P HL Sic6iuocum/amp;candienar�.nbsp;MEC. Immogeneraliter,omnesharmoniseconcordanrisepernbsp;p�derafubriiiirimeinueftig�turdmmo/p5dusrei,eft proprie harnbsp;monicaproportio/ex uaria c�binatione diuerforuexorta.Immonbsp;amicid�amp;inimiciriae animali� 5ihomin� eiufdem fpecieiac monbsp;rcs,amp; quicquid talcjexharmonicisconcordantqsjamp;excontrarijsnbsp;diffon�riispondcratur.Sicamp;fanitashominiSjHarmoniapondera'^ (nbsp;tuqate� oppofico harmonipinf�rmitas,immo leuitas �i grauitas,nbsp;.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;prudctiaamp;fimplicitas,5CmultataIia,�rubtiliteraducrtis. PHI.

C nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Quidccnfesdcgcometriat'MEC.Arbitror'�proporti�es propin

1' nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quas circuli5iquadrati,amp;aliaomnia,qu�/ad differentia capacita

tis fpc�ant,aptiusper pondera qua aliter'experiri pofle : nam fi fc ceris uascol�nare,not�diamctri amp; alticudinis,amp; aliud cubicumnbsp;ciufdcdiametri'Sc altitudinis,amp; utruncj/aquaimpleueris amp; pondenbsp;raueris:nota tibi crit/exdiuerf�tatcp�der�ynfcripti quadratifad cirnbsp;cul� cuiinfcribitur,proportio:dCperhocpropinquaconicdura�nbsp;nota eritcirculi quadratura,amp;quicquidcirca hoc fcirecupis. Sicnbsp;f�duasrcccpcrislaminaspenitusfqualcs,amp;un�'in orbem flexeriS'nbsp;uascol�nareefficicndo,etali�sn quadrat�tiascubic�conftituennbsp;do,amp; aquatiala ipfa impleueris,fcies'cxdifferentia ponder� diffenbsp;renti� capacitatis circuli,amp; quadrari,3equalispcripheri�:ita fi plunbsp;res taies laminas habueris,poter isin trigono, pentagone ,hcx3�nbsp;gono,amp; ita deinccps,capacitatisdiffer5iiasinueftigarc. Similiternbsp;pond�r� peruenirepoteris ad artccapacitat� uafor�/quali�cuncjnbsp;f�gurar�,'acadinftriimentamenfur�di'amp;pondcrandi,quomodonbsp;ftater� fiant,qiiomodo una libra/eleuac milleper diftantia acctro,nbsp;�uari�defccnfum re�:ior2'Sicuruiorc,acquomodoomniarubgt;nbsp;tilianaui� infirumcntaacmachinarum?fitri debeant. Vndearbinbsp;tror,hancfiaric�cxperienciamlt;adomniageometricaperiit;lccfrc*nbsp;Potes ctp�derare^�ui^cEfipauloescuriofio^,numer�capilIor�r,nbsp;frondiiimgt;

frondiumjgranor�,arenar�� wntus modq,amp;quarumCTmlt;^rern, fiinexigua quanticatclt;ponas in ftacera,�i noKspondus,amp; numonbsp;res illa, deindeilotum pond�r�s. Ex proportione totius ponderisnbsp;ad parteai, proportionSagnofeesnumeriad numeriim'uerifimilinbsp;conie�ura amp; propinquitate. PHl.Sadsn�c explanafti caufas,nbsp;cur rerum pondera optas per �ateram capf,5iferiatim,amp; multi gt;nbsp;pliciter conicribi.namcguerifimile eftjibrum ilium utiliiTim�� fogt;nbsp;re,arlt;:j apud magnosfollicitSdum efTe, ut indiuerfis prouincijs'conbsp;fignentur,amp;comporrenrurinunum,utad multa nobis abfeondinbsp;ta'facilius pcrducamur, Ego quocf ti5 ceflabo, ut fiat, ubiuis gendnbsp;umproraouere� ME.Simc amas,diligenscfto,amp;aie.

VM OMNIS RES AB IMPERATORE dclegata/jncentiorcm exigatcuram, amp; meikunbsp;naturalis foh'citudo, feu fides fedula,non adnbsp;diltgcntiam modo,uerum adamorem quogt;nbsp;quecommiflaereijinftigentjfitque mihi niinc/abNcrua Augt;nbsp;gufto,nefcio diligendorc/an amandore Reip. Imperatore,nbsp;aquarum iniunftum officium, rum ad ufum,tum ad falubri/nbsp;rarem,atc� etiam ad fecurirarem Vrbis/pcrdnens,adminigt;nbsp;ftratum per principes i�mper ciuiraris noftr� uiros:primumnbsp;ac poriflimum exiftimo,Gcut in c�reris negocijs inftirueram,nbsp;noflc/quod fufcepi. Necj enim ullum/omnis adus certiusfunnbsp;damenrumcrediderim,quam/qu� facienda/qu�^ uitandanbsp;fiiir,poffedeccrnere.Nam quid uiro tarn indecorum amp; inrolcnbsp;rabile, quam delegarum ofRciumexadiurorum agere pr�gt;nbsp;ceptis ( quod�fieri neceffe eft,quotiesimperitia pr�ceff�teius,nbsp;cui'decernirur urus)quorum;�i fi neceflarie partes funr,tamen 'nbsp;ad minifterium , ut manus qu�damjamp;C inftrumentum agcngt;nbsp;tis,efledebentc�Quapropter/eaquae aduniuerfam rem pertigt;nbsp;ncnt,concrahere potui,morc iam per multa mihi officiaifergt;nbsp;uato, in ordinem, amp; uelut in corpus dcduda/in huncComgt;nbsp;mentarium contuli, quem/pro formula adminiftradonis regt;nbsp;fpicere poffem. In alijs autem libris, quos/poft exp�rimentanbsp;amp; ufum compofui,antecedentium resfeda eft ; in hocuero(amp;nbsp;in iequentium^cuius fortafle/perdnebit amp; ad fucceflbrem �tigt;nbsp;litas, Sed cum inter initia adminiffrationis me�lfcriptus fit,nbsp;in primisfad meam inftitutionem,regu]amque proficiet. Tr�ildtionbsp;Ac ne quid/ad totius rei pertinens notitiam'pr�termif�ffe orde�nbsp;uidear , nomina primum aquarum, quaeiin Vrbem Ro^

mam j�nfluiint^onam:titm/perquos qu�c5carum,amp; qu�bii� confulibus, quoto poft V rbem conditam anno'pcrdudgnbsp;fint : dein Je iquibus ex locis, amp; a quoto miliari� duci coepiCnbsp;fent,quantum fubterraneo riuo,quant5 fubftru Aionc, qiiannbsp;turnopercarcuato:poftea,altitudinccuiuscp,modulorumc�nbsp;rationcm,�i ab illiserogationes,quanrvi extra Vrbem,quannbsp;tum intr^quis(q:modu^cuic^rcgioni(proiuo modulo^junanbsp;qu�c^aquarum feruiat: quot caftella/publicapriuatacjfint,nbsp;amp; ex bis, quantum publicis operibus, quantum muneribusnbsp;(itacnimicultioresappellant)quantum lacubus, quantumnbsp;nomine C�faris,quantum priuatorum ufui/bencficio princigt;nbsp;pis detur:quodius tuendarum fitearum,qua/contumaces afgt;nbsp;ficiantur p�na/txkge Scnatus confulti j�i mandatis Prin#nbsp;fipumirrogata.

B VRBE CONDITA PER ANNOS� ccccxli. content! fuerunt Romani/ufu aquagt;nbsp;rum,quas/autcxTyberi,autcxputeis,autexnbsp;fontibushauriebant. Fonti� memoria cumnbsp;fanftirateladhuccxtat, Sicolitur : falubritagt;nbsp;tem enimArgris corporibus afFerrccreduntur,ficut C. Arnagt;nbsp;ranus Appllinaris^peminit. Nunc aut�in Vrbemjnfluuntnbsp;aqua^ Appia,Anio uetus, Ma Aa,T epula, lulja, V irgo, Algt;nbsp;ficnna,qu�eadem/uocatur Augufta, Claudia, Anio^ouus,nbsp;i*�ppia,M.Valeriomaximo,P.DecioMuienaCOSS.annonbsp;xx.poft initium Samnitici belli, indiufta eft^b Appio Claugt;nbsp;dio Cra(roccnfore,cuipofteaiC�cofuit cognomen, quiamp;nbsp;uiam Appiamia porta Capcnaaifq; ad urbem Capuamimugt;nbsp;niendam curauit.CoHegam habuit C.Fabium, cui ob inquinbsp;fitaseiusaqu� ucnas,Venocis cognomen datum eft.Sed is,nbsp;quia intra annum amp; fex menies deceptus a collega tanquamnbsp;idem fafturo, abdicauitfe a cenfura ; nomen aqu� ad Appifnbsp;Rantum honorem pertinuitiquiimulristergiuerfarionibusexnbsp;�'traxifTecenfuram traditur ,doncc/amp; uiam�i huius aquae dugt;nbsp;AumiConrummarct. Concipitur Appia in agro Lucullanonbsp;uia Pr3cncftina,inter miliarium vi.amp; vip.diuerticulo finiftrornbsp;fu�/

A CL,VAEDVCriBVS ROM, LIB, 1. fu9pa(ruumdcclxxx.DiiAus eius habeclongftudinemaca#nbsp;piteuf^adSalinas(qui locus eft ad portam Trigeminam^nbsp;paffuum undecim milium centum nonaginta^ ftibterraneonbsp;riuo/paflu� undecim milium centii triginta : fubftrucftione,nbsp;amp; fupra terram opere arcuato proxime ad porta Capenam,nbsp;paffuum lx.lungiturei ad Anionemuetercm'in c�finio horgt;nbsp;torum Torquatianorum/Alf�etin� Auguft� ramum ab minbsp;liario �* iniupplementum eius/addito cognomento decernnbsp;gemellorum. Hic/uia Pr�neftinaad miliarium iextumidiuernbsp;ticulo finiftrorfus paiTuum.dcccclxxx. proximeuiam Collanbsp;tiam.accipit fontcm,cuius dudus'ufc� a^emellosefficit rigt;nbsp;uo fubterraneopaffuum vi.mil.ccclxxxTlncipitdiftribuiuo quot;t-tus Anio'iiico Publicii,ad portamTrigeminamiqui locusnbsp;Salinae appellantur^poft annos xl.quam Appia perdufta eii,nbsp;annoab Vrbe condita.cccclxxxix. M.CuriusDcntatus,quinbsp;cenfuramicum L.Papirio curlbrc gefsit, Anionis, qui nunc dinbsp;citur uetus, aquam perducendam in urbem ex manubtis denbsp;Pyrrho captisicurauit,Spurio Garbilio L. Papirio COSS.nbsp;Itempoft bienniudeinde�aclum eft in fenatu de confumman#nbsp;do eiusaqu�opere , Itaque poft annum nonum/Minutiusnbsp;Pr�toreclidiccdidum. Tum ex SenatufconfultQ/Duumuigt;nbsp;ri aqu� perducend�icreati Curius�i Fuluius Flaccus loca(gt;nbsp;uerannCurius'incra quinrum diem quam eratDuumuir cr�anbsp;lusfdecefl�trgloria pcrdud�perunuit adFuluium.Concipi�nbsp;tur Aniouetus fup.raTyburxx. miliaria extra portam Raranbsp;nam,ubipartim inTyburtinumdiftribuiturufum. Dudusnbsp;eius/habetlongitudinem i^itaexigenaclibramentoJpalTuuranbsp;xlrj,milium ;cxco/riuuseft fubterrancuSjpaiTuum xlirj.minbsp;Hum ccxcvi]. Subftrudio fupra tcrramipafl�ium dccij. Vtnbsp;gel�mo primo anno,poft annoscxxvij. id eft, anno ab Vrbcnbsp;condirajdcviij. ^cruio Sulpitio Galba,amp; L. Aurelio Cot#nbsp;la COSS.c�Appi�Anioniscpdudus�etuftatequairati'pri^nbsp;uatorum etiam fraudibusintercip.crencur,darum eft a fenatunbsp;negocium M. Titioiqui'tum Pr�tor'inter ciues pcregrinosnbsp;ius dicebat^eorum duduum'reficicndorum Sgt;C uindicando#nbsp;rum. Ec quoniam incrementti V rbis exigcre uidebatur amgt;

pliorcm modum aqux,cidcm mandatum a Senatu eft, ut ar rarer,quatenusalias aquaspoffetJnVrbcm perduceret^amnbsp;pliores du Aus faccret Reipub.caula,tcrrio miliario 'opera fagt;nbsp;brorumduxit,cuijSabauftoreMarti3e nomeneft� Legtmusnbsp;apud Feneftellam,tn h�c opera/Marcodecretumfeftertiumnbsp;itlijll��,et iniamp;oftingentatfedquont� adconfummand�negodumnbsp;c�irtgen = non fufficiebat ftatuit Senatus Pr �turam �n alteruin annumnbsp;tier. prorogari.Eodemtempore'DecemuirijdumaltisexcaufisHnbsp;bros Sybillinosinfpiduntjinueniffe dicuntur, n� elTe aquamnbsp;Martiam fed An�enem{dc hoc enim/conftanuus traditurjinnbsp;Capitolium pcrducendS,�decpea re/inSenatu(a Lepidopronbsp;collega uerba facie nte, act�i Appio Clau.Q. Cecilio COSS�nbsp;eandemqueipoft annum tertiumflL. Lentuloretraftatam,nbsp;Caio L�lio, Q.U. Seruilio C O S S . fed utroque temporenbsp;iiicilfegratiam Marei Tittj, atcj itafelTe in Capitolium aquamnbsp;perdud�. Concipitur Martia^uia V aleriadd miliari�xxxiii,nbsp;diuerticulo euntibusab V rbe Roma dextrorfus'milium pafnbsp;fuum trium,uilla Sublacenfi, atc� fub Nerone principe prigt;nbsp;mumftrata/ad miliarium trigcfimumoftauum,finiftrorfus(nbsp;intrafpacium palTuum ducentorum finita fubitruftionibusnbsp;pene ftatim �agnino colore pr�uiridi.Duftus eiushabet Ionnbsp;gitudinem a capitead V rbem paffuum Ix. milium deex. amp;nbsp;femis, riuo fubterraneo paffuum liiij. milium cclxvij.femis^nbsp;Op�r� fupra terram paffuum vrj.milium ccccxlirj.Eo longigt;nbsp;us ab Vrbelpluribus Iocis,priuatis amp;pubiicis,amp;.D. uallisnbsp;opcrearcuato'paffuumcccclxii]. propius Vrbem afeptimonbsp;miliariofubftruftion^pafsuum clxxxvirj.Reliquo op�r� argt;nbsp;cuatopafsuum vi.milium cccclxxl�Cn. Seruilius Cepio amp;L,nbsp;Cafsius Longinus^qui Rauilla appellatus efQCenfores,annonbsp;poft Vrbem conditamdcxxvrj.M.PIautio Hipfapone,Ful.nbsp;FlaccoCOSS.aquam,qu� uocaturTepula ,exagro Lu#nbsp;cullano, quem quidam /Tulculanum credunt, Romam amp; innbsp;Capitolium adducendam'curauerunt.Tepula'concipituruianbsp;Latina ad xi.miliari�^liuerticulo e�tibus ab Roma dextror#nbsp;fusimilium pafsuum duum,inde'riuo fuo in Vrbem perdu#

AClVAEDVCTIBVS rom� lib. i; confulatumJmperacoreC�fare Augufto,M.Leh'o Vokagt;nbsp;tio COSS, anno poft Vrbem coditam dccxix.ad mili'ariiimnbsp;ab Vrbexij.uia Latina euntibus ab Roma dcxtrorfuslmili�nbsp;umpaffuum,xii. alteiiusque/propn'as uircs collcgic,amp;Tcgt;nbsp;pul�riuum intcrcepic, acquifit�que/ab inuentore nomennbsp;luli� eft datum :ita tarnen diuifa erogatione,ut manercc Tegt;nbsp;pul� appellatio.Ouclus luli�'efficitlongitudincm pafluumnbsp;xv.mdiiim ccccxxvi.Opereftipraterramipafluum vij. miligt;nbsp;um,ex eo'in proximis Vrbis locisa vrj�.miliariofubftruftionbsp;ne pafluum Mdxxviij.Reliquoopere arcuatolpafluuin vi.minbsp;lium cccdxxrj.Pr�ter caput luH �ftransfluit aqua, qu� uogt;nbsp;caturCrabra.Hanc Agrippa emifiCjfeu quiaufumimproba 'nbsp;uerar, feu quia Tufculanis poflcfsoribusA'elinquendamnbsp;debat.Ea namqueeft,quamomnesuillae traftuseius'peruiifnbsp;rem indies,modulosq;certos dflpcniatamiaccipiunt,fed nonnbsp;eadem moderatione. Aquarrj noftri partem maximam eius/nbsp;fempcr in fupplementum luli� uindicauerunt,neciutluliamnbsp;augerent, quam hauriebanclargiendoicompendrjfuigratia.nbsp;Exclufaergo eftiGrabra,amp; totaiufTuImperatorisredditaTunbsp;fculanis, qui n�c forfitanmon fine admiratione earn fumunr,nbsp;I'gnariicuius caufajinfolitam abundantiam habeanr. lulia au�nbsp;tcm,reuocatis deriuadonibusper quas fubripiebatur, mogt;nbsp;dum fuum,quamuis notabili ficcitate,feruauit. Eodem anno)nbsp;Agrippa^duAus Appi�/AnicnisMarti�'pene delapfosrefti�nbsp;tuit,amp;fingularicura/compluribusfalientibusaquis�nftruxicnbsp;Vrbemlrtdemicum iam tertium conful fuiffet.C.Sentio.Sp. 6nbsp;Lucretio COSS,poft annu xitj.quam luliam deduxerar, V in'nbsp;ginem/in agro quocjLucullano colle�flam iRomam perduenbsp;xit.Dies quo primum in V rbem reipondcrit v. iduum lunijnbsp;inuenirur^ V irgo appenata,quod qu�rentibus aquam miligt;nbsp;tibus,puella uirgunculaqualdam uenas monftrauit,quasftgt;nbsp;cud quifodcrantiingentem aqu� modum inuenerunt. Aedigt;nbsp;cula fond appofita/hanc uirginem piftura oftendit.Concipi�nbsp;turergouiaCollatiaad miliarium otftauSpaluftribusIocis,nbsp;fignino cirCLimiefto, continendarum fcaturiginum caula.nbsp;Adiuuatusex compluribusalijs acquifitionibus,uenit per

longitudi'nem paffuum xiirj.miliiim cv. ex eq n'uo fiibterra# nco pafsuum xi. milium dccclxv.fupra tcrram^pcr palTusnbsp;MccxUcxcoifubftruftioneriuorum lOjCis compluribuspaf#'nbsp;fuura dxl.opere arcuatopaffuum dcc. acquifitionum dudusnbsp;-7 riuifubterranei^cfRciuntpafluum Mccccvf�Qu� ratio mouenbsp;rit Auguftum prouidentifsimum principem , producendinbsp;Alfietinam aquam,qu�uocatur Augufta, non lacis perfpi^nbsp;cio,nullius graci�,immo amp; parum falubrcm,amp; nuiquara innbsp;ufus populifluentem ,nififorte cum opus Naumachi� agfnbsp;grederetur^ne quid falubrioribusaqutsdetraheret^ banc pronbsp;prio opere perduxir^ quod Naumachif c�perat fupereffe,nbsp;hortis fubiacentibus �i priuatorum ufibus ad irriganduranbsp;conceffit. Solct tarnen ex ea in transtyberina regionequotiesnbsp;pontes reficiuntur, �i a citeriore ripa aqu� ceffant, ex necef�nbsp;fitatein fubfidium publicorum falientiumidari. Concipiturnbsp;ex lacu Alfietinouia Claudia miliario xiijj, diuerticulo dcxgt;nbsp;trorfuspaffuumvi. milium, D. Duduseiiiscffidtlongitiv/nbsp;dinera palTuumuigintiduuramiiium l�ptuaginta duorum,nbsp;opere arcuato^palfuumCCCLVIII, Idem Auguftusinnbsp;fupplementum Marti�,quotiens/ficcitates egerent auxilio,nbsp;aliam aquam eiufdem bonitatisopere fubterraneo pcrduxitnbsp;ufquead Marti� riuum, quse/ab inuentore appellatur Augunbsp;fta. Nafcirur ultra fontem Martij, cuius dudus donee Marnbsp;8 n ti�ac�edatiefficitpafl�is dccc.^PofthosC.C�far,quiTibc�nbsp;rio fucceff�cjcum parumiamp;publicisufibusamp;priuatisuolu�nbsp;pratibusivii, dudus aquarum fufficere uiderentur, altero imnbsp;perp fui anno / M. Aquilio Iuliano. P. Nonio Afprenatenbsp;COSS,anno Vrbiscondit�dccxc.duos dudusinchoauit,nbsp;quod opusi'Claudiusimagnificcntifljme confumrnauit,dedigt;nbsp;cauUc^,Suilaamp; Tutiano COSS.annopofi Vrbem condigt;nbsp;tam/dccc, Sexto Calendarum Auguftarum. Alceri nomen,nbsp;quodcxfontibusCeruloamp; Curtioperducebatur ,Ciaudiaenbsp;datum ;h�c bonitate proximaMartiae, Alt�ra, quoniamnbsp;du� Anienis aqu�/in urbem fluere ccepcrant, ut facilius apgt;nbsp;pcllationibus dignofeerentur, Anio nouus/uocari coepit: ԣnbsp;quodillasonanesprgcefieratprior Anio,cognomen ci uetegt;nbsp;riseii

ris/eft adi'eftum. Claudia concipitur uia Sublacenf�ad milia rium xxxvi'ij. diueniculo finiftrorfus/intra pafliis ccc.exfonnbsp;tibus duobus amplibimis �c fpeciofis Ccruloque ( qui a fiminbsp;lirudine appeHatuseft)amp;Curtio accipir, eum fontemquinbsp;uocatur Albudinus,tanr�bonitaris,utMarri�quoqueadiunbsp;torio/quotiesopuseftirafufficiar, ut adiciftione fui (nihil exnbsp;quaiicareeiusmutet. Auguft�fons,quiaMartiam fibifuffinbsp;cere apparebat, in Claudiam deriuatuseft, manen te nihilogt;nbsp;minus prefidiario in Martiam,utita demum Claudiam aqu�nbsp;adiuuaret Auguftajfi'eamducftus Marti�nfmcapcret.Claunbsp;di� duiftushabetlongitudinem palTuuni xlvi. milium , Exnbsp;co/riuofubterraneo paffuum xxxvi.miliumccxxx.operefunbsp;pra terram pafluum x. milium Ixxxi.cx eooperearcuato innbsp;fuperioriparte pluribus locis,palTu{� trium milium et Ixxvi.nbsp;�C prope Vrbem^a vij.miliario'fubftruftione riuorum pernbsp;pafTus deix.op�r�arcuato;paffuum vi. miliumccccxci.Agt;nbsp;nio nouusSublacenfi uia ad miliarium Ixq .infuo riuo exci^nbsp;pitur cxflumine,quodcum terras cultas circum fehabeat folinbsp;pinguis, amp; indeHpasfolutioreSjCtiam l�nepluuiarum iniugt;nbsp;ria�imofum Sc turbulentum fluitddeoque'a faucibus dudus(nbsp;interpol�ta eft pifdna limaria,ubi inter amnem Sgt;C fpecumnbsp;conf�fteret'amp;liquaretur aqua. Sicquoqudquotiesimbresfunbsp;perueniunt, turbida peruenit in Vrbem . lungitur ci Ti'uusnbsp;Herculaneus, oriens eadem uia nd mi�arium xliij. eregioncnbsp;fontium Clatidi�^rans flumenuiamque^natura purifsimus,nbsp;fedmixtus gratiam fplendoris fuiamittit, DuftusAnienisnbsp;noui/efFicitpafluum Iviii. milia dec. ex eoiriuo fubterraneonbsp;pafltis xlix.milia ccc. op�r� fupra terram paiTus ix.mil.cecc.nbsp;amp;cxeoifubftru(5ionibus aut op�r� arcuato fuperiori partenbsp;pluribus lotis paffus xtj.mil.dccc.amp; propius V rbc a vij.migt;nbsp;liario.lubftruAioneriuorumpafliisdcix. opere arcuato/pafnbsp;fus vi. milia cctcxci.Hi funt arcus alcifsimiiiublcuati in qui� . ~nbsp;bufdam locis'cix. pedes. Tot aquarum tam multisnecelTa�nbsp;rijs molibus, pyramidas uidelicet ocipfas coj^rcm, aut caetcnbsp;raincrtia,fed fama celebrata Gr�cor� operadNon alien� minbsp;hiuifum eftlongitudinesquocjriuor�icuiuscf du�us^�i edSnbsp;per

per fpecies operum/complecfli.Nam cum maxima huiusofgt; ficij parsin tutela eor� fit,fcire pr�pofitum oportet,qufmagt;nbsp;iora tmpendia exigant. Noftr� quid� folicicudini non fuffegt;nbsp;cit/fingula oculis fubiecifle;fed formasquoc� duftuiimfacerenbsp;curauimus,ex quibus apparetubi ualles,qiiant�c�, ubi fluminbsp;natraijcerentur;ubimonti�lateribusfpecusappliciti,quangt;nbsp;toej maiorem affiduamcf/perterendi acmuniendi'tj exigantnbsp;curam.Hinc'illaconungitutilitas,utrem'ftatimuelutiinc�gt;nbsp;fpeftu habere pofl�mus,amp; de liberate tanquam aff�ftentcs.nbsp;qu� omnesdiuerfa in Vrbem libraproueniunt. Inde fit,utnbsp;qu�damialtioribus locis feruiantjamp;qu�damienitiinemis�nbsp;nentiora non pofl�nqnam �i colles fi fint,propter frequenti�nbsp;incendior�'ruderibus excreuerunt, Qiiincgenim func duftu�nbsp;altitudines; quarum du�/in omnem partem urbis attollungt;nbsp;tur,fedexreliquis/ali3emaiore,ali�.leuiorepr�irura cogungt;nbsp;tur. Altifsimus/Anio eft nouus, proximaClaudia, tertiutnnbsp;locum tenet Iulia,quartum Tepula,dehincMartia,qu� capinbsp;teietiam Claudif libram �quat. Sed uetereahumiliore direAunbsp;ra perduxerunt'f�uenondum fubtiliexplorataartelibrandi�nbsp;tile, feu quia ex induftriainfra terram aquas mergebant, ne facilenbsp;ab hoftibus interciperentur ,cum frequenti� adhuc c�traltanbsp;licosbellagcrerentur.Iam tarnen quibufdam locis,ficubidunbsp;AusUetuftatedilapfijs eft,ominbcircuitufubterraneouallisnbsp;traftus{breuitatiscaufa)fubfiruAionibus, arcuationibusc�,nbsp;traqciuntur.Sextum tenet libr� locum Anio uetus, f�militernbsp;fuffeAurus�i altioribus loris Vrbis,i�cubiualliumfubmifgt;nbsp;farumc� regionum conditio exigii,fubftruAionibusarcuationbsp;nibusc^lueteresexigentur.Sequitur huius libram V irgo,dcgt;nbsp;indeyAppia,qu� cum ex urbano agro perducerentur,non innbsp;tantum altitudinis/erigi potuerunt. Omnibushumilior Algt;nbsp;fietinaeftj qu�/transtyberin� regioni�imaximefubiacentigt;nbsp;bus locis,feruit.Ex hisiuiaLatina, fexintra vrj.miliarium

, tentispifcinisfexcipiuntur,ubiquafi refpiranteriuorumcurgt; fu,limumdeponunt,Modusquoc� earum'mcnfuris ibidemnbsp;pofitis initur. VnaautcmIulia,Martiaquocj,qu3eTepuIanbsp;incerceptaificutfupra demonftrauimu^riuo lulif acceflerar,nbsp;nunca

ACLVAEDVCTIBVS rom. lib. 1. y nunc a pilcina eiufdem lulise modiim acdpir, acproprfo ca#nbsp;naliamp;nomineiienk,amp;a pifcinis ineofdemarcus recipiun#nbsp;tur4fummusrjs/cftIuli�,inferiorTcpul�,deindeMarn�,qufnbsp;ad libram collis uiminalis coniungitur/intra eunres ad uhnbsp;minalcm ufcj portam dcueniunt,ubiflrurfuscmergunf. Priusnbsp;tamcn'pars luli�adfpemuecerem exccpta,caftellis cclq.monnbsp;tis ufibusdiffunditur. Martia aut�partc fuipofthortos PaUnbsp;lantianosin riun,qui uocatur Herculaneus,deijcitfc/pcrCoegt;nbsp;hum. Duftus ipfius montis ufibus nihil(uc inferior?fubminigt;nbsp;ftransjinitur fupra portam Capcnam. Anio nouus c vi Claugt;nbsp;diaapifcinisin altioresarcus recipiuntur,itaut fuperiorfitnbsp;Anio.Finiuntur arcus corum poft hortos P.allantianos,indenbsp;in ufum V rbis/Fiftulis deducuntur;partcm tam2 fuiClaudia/nbsp;prius in arcus,quiuocantur ISIeroniani,ad fpem ueferc transnbsp;fert.IildircAi pcrC�lium montem,iuxtatempl�DiuiClau�nbsp;dh,terminantur. Modum quern acceperunt,aut circa ipfumnbsp;montem C�lium,aut in palatium/Auentinumc�,amp; in trans#nbsp;tyberinam rcgionem dimittunt, Anio uerus,citra quartu minbsp;liariumrtntra no ui�.qua a Latina inLauicanamitur,argt;nbsp;custrarjcir,ctipfepifcinam habet,ind(yintrafecundum miliarnbsp;rium partem dat in fpecum,qui uocatur OAauianus, amp; per#nbsp;uenit in rcgionem ui� nou�/ad hortos Afinianos, undepcrnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ibecue

ilium trad� diftribuitur. Rcftus uero diiAus, fecund� fpem uetcrem ueniens,intra portam Exquilinam/in altos riuos pernbsp;V rbem deducitur.Nec Virgo,nec Appia,nec Alfictinaiconnbsp;ceptelas.i. piicinasihabenr. Arcus Virginis!inidiim habcntnbsp;lub hortisLucullanis, finiuntur in campo Martioil�cundumnbsp;frontem feptorum. Riuus Appi� fubC�lio montcamp;Auen/nbsp;tino aAus,emergit(utdiximu^infra cliuum Publicrj Ali�, amp;nbsp;inde/eduftus cftin Naumachiam,' nam eius caufauidetur fa#nbsp;�US.

QVoniam authorcs cuiuscpaqu�^amp;�tates, pr�terea ordines,/amp;longitudincsriuorum/amp;ordin21ibr3eper#nbsp;lecutus rum,non alienum mihi uidetur'cfiam fingula fubrjccnbsp;re, amp; oftcnderefquantafit copia, quae'publicis priuatiscj nonnbsp;A

folum ufibus amp;C auxilqs, uerum ctiam uoluptadbus fuff�cif^ n per quotca�ella, quibuscj regionibusdeducatur,quatumnbsp;extra V rbem,quantum intra Vrbem, amp; ex eo/quantum la�nbsp;cubus, quantum munertbus,quantum operibus publicis,nbsp;quantum nomineC�faris,quantum priuatis ufibus/eroge#

tur. Scdrationiscxiftimo,pnurquam nomina quinariarunrnbsp;centenariarumt�Si c�terorum modulorum,pcr quos/meagt;nbsp;furaconftituta eft,proferamus,indicare/qu$ fiteorum origo,nbsp;qux/uires,amp; quidquact^ appellatio/f�gnificet, pr jepof�tacj rcquot;nbsp;gula, adquamratioeorSetinidum computatur, oftendere,nbsp;qua radone diierepanda inuencrim, 5gt;C quam emendandi ui�/nbsp;um fecutus Aquarn moduliaut ad digitorum^ui ad ungt;nbsp;ciarum menfijra inflituti funr. Digiti/in Campania, amp; in pie#nbsp;risque Itali� locis. Vndaiin pupulau�ta h�c obferuantur,.nbsp;Eftautcmdigttus,.utconuenit/cxtadecima pars pedis, uncia'nbsp;duodecima.^ Quemadmodum autcminterunciam �Cdigi#nbsp;tum duierHtas, itaamp;ip�usdigiti/dmplexobieruado nonefi:nbsp;nam alius'uocatur quadratus,alius rotundus . Quadra#

tus, tribusquartisdccimisfuisA�Otundomaior;Rotundus,trinbsp;bus undecimis fuis iquadrato minor eil ,fcilicec/quia angulinbsp;deterunturlpoftea modulus necab uncia/nec abaltcruttonbsp;digitorumoriginem accipiens/indudus^^utquidam putan^nbsp;ab Agrippa,ut alqa plumbarijs per V itruuium ardtitedun�nbsp;in ufum Vrbis,cxclu�sprionbus/ucnit,appellatusquinarionbsp;nomine. Qtiiaufem Agrippamauthorem faciunt,,dicun8,nbsp;quod quinque andqui moduli exilesdi ueluti punda,quibu8nbsp;olim aqua/cum cxigua efler, diuidebatur,in unam �ftulaninbsp;coadi funr. Qui Vitruui�/�i plumbarios, ab eo quod plumnbsp;bealamina plana, quinque di^itorum latitudinem habSs ,drnbsp;cumada in rotundum,hunc nftul� modulum efficiat, Sednbsp;hocincertumeft,quoniam cumcircumagitur,�cutinterio#nbsp;re parte;attrahitur,ita per illam quf foras ipcdat,extcnditur.nbsp;Maxime probabilecft,quinariam didam a diametro quin#nbsp;que quadrantum,qu� ratio/in fequendbus quoque mpdulis,nbsp;uiepaduicenariam dur�t,diametro perfingulosadiedioncnbsp;fingulorum quadraijtum crcicente, ut in I�naria, qu� felt;

fdlicct quadrantes in diametro habet, amp; feptenarfa, qiiae/fc� ptcm,amp; deinceps f�mili incremento/ufe^ ad uieenariarn. Omnbsp;nis autem modulasicolligfcitr aut adiametro,aut perimetro, colSnbsp;aut ex refto mcnfur�,ex quibusiSicapacitas apparcc. Differ gatur,nbsp;rentiam unci�^digitiquadraci,amp;digiti rorundijamp;ipi�us quii?nbsp;nari�,ut amp; facilius dignofcamus,urcndum eft ftibftanti�nbsp;quinari�, qui modus/�i cerriiTimus, amp;maxime receptus eft.nbsp;Vnci� ergo modulus,habet diametri digitum unumiamp;tri�nbsp;entem digitijcapit plus/quam quinari� odau3,hoc eftifeicunnbsp;cia quinari�, amp; ferupulis tribusiamp;beflefcrupuli. Digitusnbsp;quadratus in rotunduni redaftus, habet diamerri digitumnbsp;unum amp; digiti fefcunciam f�xtulam, capit,tjuinan� dcxtangt;nbsp;tem . Digitusrotundushabetdiametridigitum unum,ca#nbsp;pitquinari� fcptuncem,femunciam fcxtulam.C�terum/monbsp;duli,qui� quinariaoriuntur,duobus generibus incrementnbsp;tum accipiunt, 8c una cum ipfa multiplic�tur .i .eodem lu�nbsp;mincplurcs quinari� includuntur.In quibus,iccundumad�nbsp;iedionemquinariarumjamplitudokiministrefcif. Eft au#nbsp;tem ferc nunc in ufu,cum plures quinari� impetrar� fuerint,nbsp;ne in uiis i�pius conuulnerctur una fiftula, utcxcipiantur innbsp;caftcllum,exquo.(finguli fuum modum recipiunt. Altcrumnbsp;genuseft,quoties/non adquinariam ncceflicatcm^fiftula in#nbsp;crementum capit, fed ad diametri fui menfuram, fecundumnbsp;quod(amp; nomen accipit, amp; capacitatem ampliat; ut putajqui#nbsp;naria,cum adiedus eft ei ad diamctrum,'quadrans,i�nari#nbsp;um facit.Neciam in folidum/capacitatem ampliat;capitnbsp;cnim quinariam unam,quincuncem,ficilicum,amp; deincepsnbsp;eadem rationeiquadrantibus diametro adiedis, ut fupra di#nbsp;�um eft, crefeunt feptenaria,odonari3,ufq',ie aduicenari#nbsp;am. Subfequitur ilia ratio, qu�/conftat ex numero digito#nbsp;rum quadratorum,qui area.i.luminccu�ufque moduli tonnbsp;tinetur,aquibuslamp;: nomen fiftul�accipiuncnamqu�habetnbsp;are�, id eft, luminis in rotundum coadi|digitos quadratosnbsp;XXV , uicenumquinum appcllatur. Similiter tricenaria,amp;nbsp;deinceps per incrementumdigirorum,urquc ad centenuranbsp;uicenum , In uicenaria fiftula, qu� �n conf�nio utriufqu�

SEXTI IVLII FRONTINI DB rationispo�tacftjUtric� rationi pene congruit.Nam habet fcnbsp;cundum eam compiitationem,qu�rtnteriaccntibus raodulisnbsp;feruanda eft,in diametroquadrantes. xx.Cum diametrieiuf#nbsp;dernidigio quincjfint, Scfecundum eorum modulor� ratio#nbsp;nemiqui fcquunturadeam,habecdigitor� quadratorum exnbsp;gnomonhs.xx. Ratio fiftularumquinariarum,ufcjadccntc#nbsp;num uicenum,per omnes modulos ita fehabet^ut oftendi#nbsp;muSjSi in omnigenerc,inita^onftatfibi .C�uenitamp;aimhisnbsp;modulis,quiincommentarrjsinui(3:ifl�miamp;ptjflimi princi#nbsp;pispofiti Si confirraati Hint. Siue itaqucratio,fiuc audori#nbsp;tasfequendaeft,utrique commentariorummoduli pr�ua#nbsp;Ient:i�d aquarijtur manifeftf rationi pluribus confentiant, innbsp;quatuor modulis/nominauerunt duodenaria,amp; uicenan'a,nbsp;amp;centenaria,amp;ccntumuicenum, Duodenari� quidemrquodnbsp;nec magnus error,nec ufu frequens eft ;diametroiadieceruntnbsp;digit! femunciam,ficilicum capacirati quinari�'�i beffem.Rcnbsp;liquisautem tribus modulis/plus depr�henditur. Vcenari#nbsp;amicxtguiorem faciiit diametro digiti femiffcjcapacitatcqui#nbsp;nari)s tribus, �Scfemuncia, quo modulo'plerunqueerogatur.nbsp;Centenaria autem/amp; centenumuicenum, quibusalfidue accinbsp;piunt,non minuuntur,(ed augentur,nec ulu frequens eft,dianbsp;mctro/adieccrunttrientisbclTeni amp;femunciam . Capacitatinbsp;qiiinarias.x.femiffcm femunciam ficilicum.Centcno uicenonbsp;diametro adijciunt digitos tresfeptuncem femunciam,capa#nbsp;citati quinarias, Ixvi. fextantem. Ita dum autuicenari� quasnbsp;fubinde erogantdetrahunt, aut centenarif^�c centenumuice#nbsp;num adiiciunt,quibus'I�mperaccipiunt, intercipiuntur innbsp;centenaria,quinarif^xxvij. In centumuicen� quinarif,lxxxvinbsp;unda:quod/cum ratione approbetur, requoqueipfa manifenbsp;ftum eft.Nam pro uicenaria,quamCacfarproquinarijsfex#nbsp;dccem alTignatjnon pluserogantquam tredecim,amp; excentenbsp;naria quam ampliauerunt �que,certum eft^llos non eroga#nbsp;re nifi ad ardiorem numerum, quem Caefar/fecundum fuosnbsp;commentarioSjCum ex quac� centenariatxpleuit quinariasnbsp;odogintaunam fe Item,ex centenumuicenum quinarias*nbsp;xc viij.tanquara exhaufto modulo definit diftribuere. In fumnbsp;marno#

ACLVAEDVCTIBVS rom, lib. I. mamoduli iiinr.xxv.omnesconfcnnunt,amp;rationi,amp;com#nbsp;mentarfjs, exccptis rjs quanior,quosaquarr) nominaucrunt.nbsp;Omnia autem qu� menftira condnentur^ erta 8c immobilianbsp;congruere fibidebent: itaenim/uniuerfitatisratio conftabit,nbsp;amp;quemadmodumiperbi gratiajfextarijs/ratio ad cyathos,nbsp;modq uero'amp; ad icxtariosj amp; ad cyaihos/refpondcnt : ita 34nbsp;quinariarum multiplicatio in amplioribus modulisjferuarenbsp;fcquendg fu� reoulam debet. Alioquitum in erogatorio monbsp;dulofminusinuenitur, in accepton'o/plusapparet^non erro^nbsp;rem clTe, fed fraudemnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Mcminerimusomnem aquam i

quotics ex erogatorio uenit ,amp; intra breue fpacium ih caftelgt; lum cadit,n� tantum refpondere modulo fuo,fed etiam exgt;nbsp;uperaretquoties uero exhumiliore,id eff,ex minore prefTuranbsp;longiusducatur,(egnitiam duAuamodum quocj dcperdere:nbsp;Ideoiecundum hSc rationem , aut oneranda eft erogatio,autnbsp;reku�da.Sed ic calicis pofftiofhabet momentu^ in rcftum,nbsp;amp; ad libramicollocarus eft,mod� i�ruat, amp; adcurfum aquae�nbsp;fi oppofitusdeucxuscjamplius rapit:ad latus autem prjter#nbsp;eunrisaqu3e/conuerfus,041upinus,necad hauftum pronus,nbsp;fcgniterexiguumc�fumit. Eftautemcalix�nodulus�neus, Calix^M�nbsp;quilriuo uel caftclloinduitur,hui�fiftul� applicatur^ longitunbsp;do eius'haberc debet digitos non minus.xij.lumen, id eft cagt;nbsp;pacitatem quanta imperata fuerit.Excogitatus uidctur,quo/nbsp;niam rigor �risdifFicilioradflexum, nontemerepoteft laxanbsp;ri uel coarlt;ftari.Formula modulorum^qui funt omnes.xxv.nbsp;fubieAi,quamuis in ufu, xv. tantum/frequStesfin^direftaeftnbsp;ad rationem , de quadocuti fumus,emendatis quatuor, quosnbsp;aquarij nominauerant. Secundum quam/fiftuig omnes opusnbsp;facientesidirigi debent, autfi haefiftulae manebunt,ad quina�nbsp;rias quotcapiturcomputari. Qiii nonfuntinufumodul�'nnbsp;ipf�s eft adnotatum ,amp;diametri trientem/digitu dico/quamnbsp;quinari� fefcuntia,amp; fcrupulistribus,04 belTe fcrupuli. Diginbsp;tus quadratusan longitudine �C latitudine �qualis eft. Digtfinbsp;lusquadratusinrotund� rcdaiftus,habet diametri digitumnbsp;unum,amp; digiti fexcuntiam fextulam. Capit/quinari� dextannbsp;tem.Digitusrotundusjhabet diametri digitum unura, Capienbsp;iij

^umiritit fcptuncem femuncum fextuUm,filluU tjuinar� di�metridigk tvm utium,digitos tres,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;^ZZHU. c�pit quimrittitt unam.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;fe^

Mru dixmetri dtgit� unum,femis,perigt;netri!dtgitos guituor 5* cxpitquinar�f .ix.ifTf. ^illula fcptenarixidixmetri digitum ummis :�nbsp;perimctridigitosfex,cdpitqMnartM �. inufunon e� ��uhoU�nbsp;didmetri digitos duos, perimetri digitos fexcdpit,quinitridt ij,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quin^f,

fi�uld dcnariademetri digitos duos G^femis,perimcfri digitos feptem liiijcitpit quiitxrids quatuor, fi�ulx duodenariadiametridigitosJexnbsp;tapitqainarias qMne^,tnufu none�,tt ndee�lalia;apudaqiMriosib^e�nbsp;iatdiametri digitos, Ullstv, Capacitatisiquinarias fex- Pi�ula:qui�nbsp;numdenum^iametri digitos quatuor .Z. permetridigitos .xij.zL aiidnbsp;tapit quinarias nouent. ft�ula uicenariaidiametri digitos o�to. 51t�

C(lt;pit quinarias fcxdccint. apud aqaarios babebat diametri digi� tos o�o capaatdtis quinarias. l�ifiula uicenimquinum/iame�nbsp;tridigitosdccem cr�ptem,capitquinariasuiginti, in ufunonnbsp;t� fi�ula tricenaria diametri vi. perimetri digitos decent er no�nbsp;uemnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;capitquinarias uigintiquatuor.ZZ^ ,quinq^.Fi�u�

capitquinarias uiginti, mu�t non e�. fi�ulaquadragenariadiame� tri digitos feptemnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;perimetri digitos. xxif capit quinarias, xxxq,

Fi�ula quadragenumquinumdiametridigitos.xij.ZTquot;' niij,perimetii digitos.xxxiiq.capitquinarias.xxxyi,nbsp;ftula quinquagenariadiamctri digitos feptem,nbsp;tnetri digitos.xxxi,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;itif capit quinarias,xl,

la qainquagenumquinum,diametrt d'gitos-yiiij-digitos .xxvi, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;capit quinarias.xliiij,

. xlix. yi. fi�ulafexagenumquinumdiametri digitos. ix, 'zlif p�rim� trLxx'^tq.-^.capitquinarias.lij.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;oiloinufunoncil. fi^

fiula feptuagenaria diametri digitos. tx, Z Z 3 .fex,perimctri, xxix. ea^ pit quinarias, lij .i^.fex. fi�ula feptuagenumquintan diametri digitosnbsp;xi,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;vi.perimetri digitos.XXX, capit quinarias-xli,

inufunonefl. fi�ula o{logenaria,diametridigitosdecem xij. pff^ttri digitof, xxx'ij, capit quinarias, Ixij, fi�ula o�ogenum

^inum Jiamctridigitos.x. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;perimetridigitos ^xxx-nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;inul�

nottcfl.ViftuliiitondgcnarictdiMefridigitos-x. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;x. perimetridigi

tos. xxxiij.cdpit quinjridsJxxiif. iiij. riftuldnondgcitumquinum/ didmetri digitos decent,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;S.pcrimetridigitosiiij. ztr cdpitquind

ridis.lxxyiij iitufu non e�, Fiftuld centendrid'didmetri digitos xi, ix.perimetri digitos, xxxij,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cdpit quindrtd� Ixxxi. dpud dqudrios hd

bebdt didmetri digitos, xij, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cdpdcitdtis quindrids. xcij .Tiftuld cena

tenuntuicenum didinetri digitos, xij. perimetri d'gitos.xxx�^tij. cdpit qui� ndrids.lxxx^ij.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dpud dqu.irioshdbcbdt didmetri digitos, xiij, cd�

dpisNeruae inuenerimus. Fuerunt ergo in commentarijsin uniucrfo'quinar�arum.xii. milia, dcclv. in erogacione. xiiii�nbsp;milia.xvi�j.plusin diftributionequam fn accepto/computa#nbsp;bantur,quinari3C.Mcdxiii. Huiusrei admiradojcum pr�ci#nbsp;puumofficijopuamp;inexplorandaSdcaquanim,arq?copi^crenbsp;derem^non mcdiocritcr mcc5ucrtitadfcrutandum,qucm#nbsp;admodum amplius crogaretur,quam in patrimonio, uriranbsp;dicam,eiret. Ante omnia irac^ capita du�uum metin' aggrefnbsp;fusrum,fedionge^i.circitcrquinari]s.x.milibu^ampliorem,nbsp;quamincorarnentarijs moduminucnijUt per fingulas de#nbsp;snonftraboi.

5g)PPIAE,lN COMMENTARIIS ASCRI ptus eft modus quinariarG dccc.uniufeuiufc�nbsp;ad caput Inueniri mcnfura'non potuit,quogt;nbsp;niam ex duobus riuis confi�t. Ad gemcllasnbsp;tarnen , qui locus (eft intra fpem ueterem,nbsp;ubi iungftur cum ramo Auguft�,inueni algt;nbsp;titudinem aqu�fpcdes quinc{!,laticudinem aqu�fpedis uniusnbsp;�C dodrantis.Fiunt arex/pedes ofto amp; dodrans,centenari3e.nbsp;xxtj.amp; quadragenariac qu� cff�ciunt quinarias. Mdccccxxv�nbsp;ampliusquam in c�mentarijshabentquinarias.dcccclxxxiij,nbsp;crogabatquinarias.dcciiii� minus quam inc�mentartjsafcri#nbsp;bitur quinarns. cxxxvij. amp; adhuc minus quam ad gemellasnbsp;mcnfura refpondct quinarrjs .Mcxxi, Incercidit tarnen aligt;nbsp;quantum'exdu�tus uitio,qui'cum fit depreflior^non facile manbsp;nationes oftendiqquas ei ineffe ex co apparct,quod tn plerist�nbsp;Vrbis parribuspraebita aqua obferuatur, idquequod ex conbsp;manatjfed amp; quafdam Hfiulas intra V rbem inuentasdeprOnbsp;hcndimus.Extra V rbem autc propter prefiuram libr3e,qu�nbsp;fit cis terram ad caputpcdtbus.L.nuIlam accipitiniuriam,Ggt;nbsp;�z. cutinueni 5�nioniuetcriamp;rcriptusefimodus incommenta#nbsp;rrjsquinariaru.Mccccxxi. ad caput inuentiiti.milia.cccxcviiinbsp;praeter eum modC,quiin proprium duAG T yburtinum dcrinbsp;uatur/amplius eg in c�mcntarrjs eft quinarrjs duobus milibusnbsp;dccclvrj. quae erogabantur/antequarn ad pilcinam pcrucnigt;nbsp;ret quinariae ducent� Icxagintadu�e. Modus in pi(cina,quatinbsp;permenfuras pofitas initur, eHicit quinarias duo milia tregt;nbsp;centasfexaginta duas. Intcrcidebant ergo intcr caput amp; pifeinbsp;nam quinari�, Mdcclxxiirj. erogabatpoftpifeinam quinarigt;nbsp;as.Mcccxlvifi. ampliusquam in commentarijs conceptionisnbsp;modum fignificari diximus,qiiinarijs.lxirj.minus quam reci^nbsp;pi in dutftum poteft. Nam pofuimus quinarias. Mxiifi. furagt;nbsp;ma,qu3e inter caput amp; pifeinam, Sgt;C poft pilcinam intcrcidonbsp;bat quinariarum.rj.milium. dcclxxxvirj, quod errorcmengt;nbsp;furaefieri fufpicarer , nifi inueniflcm/ubiauertcrentur mille,nbsp;clxtj�^arti�incommentarii's afcriptuseftmodusquinariagt;nbsp;rum duum milium centum fexagintaduarG, Ad caput men#nbsp;fusinueni

fus inucni quinarias quatuor milia f�xcentas nonaginta,am^ plius, quatn in commcntarijs eft,quinarqs duobusniilibusnbsp;quingen�s uigintiodo. Erogabantur antequS ad pifcfnamnbsp;perucnir�,quinariar.xcv. Si dabantur in adiiitorium Tcpugt;nbsp;laf quinari�.xcij.Itcm Anioni quinari�. clxifij.Summa quatnbsp;�rogabatur ante pifcinam,quinarif .cedi. Modusqui in pifcinbsp;nam menfuris pofitis inicur c5 eo, qui circa pifein� duftutnnbsp;eodem canali in arcu excipitur,cfFicic quinarias.ij.milia. dccnbsp;ccxliirj.Siimma qu�autcrogacurantepifcinam, aut in arcunbsp;recipitur,quinariarum.iii.milium. ccxcv.amplius,quam innbsp;conccptiscommentariorum po�tum eft,quinarijs. Mcxxiij,nbsp;minus,quam menfur� ad caput adx efficiunt quinarijs. Mcnbsp;ccxcv.Erogabatpoft piicinam quinarias. Mdcccxl.minus,^nbsp;in commcntarijs conccprionisfignificari diximus quinarijs.nbsp;ccxxvij.minus,quam ex pifcina in arcus recipi�tur,funt quigt;nbsp;nari�.Mciiij.Summaiitrac^'qu�intcrcidebanr, aut inter cagt;nbsp;put amp;pircinam,aut poft pifcinam,quinariarumduummiligt;nbsp;um quingentarum, quas^ficutin c�tcris pluribus locisfinter#nbsp;cipi dcpr�hendimus.Non enimeas'cefiarcjmanifeftumeil,nbsp;etiam ex hoc,eo quod e capitc/pr�tcr cam menfuram, quamnbsp;nos compr�hcndilTe capacitate duduspofuimus,effundungt;nbsp;turamplius.ccc.quinari�. ^epuIsE^incommentarijsafcri^ 4-ptus eft modus quinariarum quadringentarum .Huius aqugnbsp;fontes nulli funt,ucnis quibufdam conftabat,qu�lintcrcept�nbsp;funt in lulia. Caput ergo ciusobferuandum eft a pifcina lu#nbsp;liaetex ea cnim primum accipit quinarias. cxc. deinde ftatimnbsp;ex Marcia quinarias.xcij. Pr�terca/ex Anione nouo ad hor^nbsp;tos Epaphrodicianos'quinarias.clxiij. Fiunt omnes quinarignbsp;ccccxlv.ampliusquamincommencarijsquinarijs.xlv.quacnbsp;indeerogantur ,nec comparent, *5�uli� incommcntarijs 5nbsp;aferipeuseft modusquinariarum. dexlix.ad caputtticnfuranbsp;iri non poruit,quoniam ex pluribus acquifitionibus conftar,nbsp;amp;adiextum ab Vrbe miliarium uniuerfainpifcinamreci#nbsp;pitur,ubi modus cius/manifcftisinenfuris cfFicit quinarias.nbsp;Mccvi.ampiius,quam in commcntarijs quinarijs.dl iij. Prggt;nbsp;lt;crea;accepic propc V rbcm,poft hortos Pallantianos, eai

Claudia/quinan�as.clxrj.Eft omne luli'� in acceptis quinarif* Mccdxviij.ex co dat in Tepulam quinarias. cxc. Erogat fuonbsp;nomine.dcccirj. fiunt, quas erogat quinari�, dccccxciij, am#nbsp;plius,quatn in commentarijs habet quinarias.cccxliii. minusnbsp;quS in pifcina habere pofuitnus, cxxirj. quas ipfas apud eos,nbsp;auiiine b�n�fices Principisufurpabant,depr�hendimus,

(gt; *Virgini?in commentarijs afcriptus eft modus quinariarum. dcclrj.minus.Menfura ad caput inueniri non poruit, quoni�nbsp;ex pluribus acquifitionibus conftar,amp; leniore riuo in trat pronbsp;pe Vrbemfad miliarium feptimum in agrum,quinunceftnbsp;CcroniC�modijubiuelociorem curfum habet. Menfuramnbsp;cgi, qu��fRcicquinariarum duo milia, diirj. ampliusquamnbsp;in commentarijs quinarijs mille.dccirj, Otnnibus/approba#nbsp;do noftra expeditiftimaeft. Erogantenim omnes,quasmcngt;nbsp;fura depr�hendimus ,ad duo milia.diiij.^lfietinf conceptionbsp;nis modus,'hec in commentarijs afcriptus eft,nec in re pr�fennbsp;ricertus inueniri potuit,cum ex lacu Alfietino ,amp; deindecir#nbsp;caCareas/ex fabatino, quantum aquarijtemperauerunt,ha#nbsp;3 bet non plus quinarijs duobusmilibus .Claudia abundan#nbsp;dor alijsmaxime iniuri� expofita eft.In commentarijs habetnbsp;non plusquinarijs duobusmilibusosftingentis quinquaginnbsp;taquincjjCU ad caput/inuencrim quinarias. iiij. milia. devij,nbsp;ampliusquamincommentarrjs,mille.dcclij. Adcoautemnbsp;noftra certior eft menfura, ut adfeptimum ab Vrbe miliari#nbsp;inTijin pifcina,ubi indubitat� menlur� funr,inueniamus quinbsp;nariarum tria milia .cccxij. plus quam in commentarijs.nbsp;eccclvrj. quamuis amp; ex beneficijs ante pifeinam eroget,amp;: plunbsp;dmumfubtrahideprfhenderimus,ideo(quodminusinucnianbsp;tur, quam reuera clTe debeantquinarijs mille, eexev. Et cir#nbsp;caerogationemifrausapparet ,quodnecj!adcommentario#nbsp;rum fidem,neque ad eas,quas/ad caput egimus menfuras,nbsp;neque ad illas faltcm pifeinas poft tot iniuriasconucnit. So#nbsp;1 � cnim quinari� mill�. dccl.erogantur minus,quam comnbsp;mentariorum ratio dat,quinarrjs mille . cv . minus autemtnbsp;quam menfurj ad caput fade demonftrauer�t quinariis duonbsp;busmilibus. deedvii, minusetiamquaminpiieinainuenitnbsp;quinarijs

aqj^aedvctibvs bqul, lib. �r. qu�nariis mille, dlxii. Itaq;'cutn fynccra in Vrbcm proprianbsp;riuo perueniret, in Vrbe mifcebaturcuin Anionenouo, ntnbsp;confufionefat�ta,�i conccpcio earum^amp;erogatioefletobfcu^nbsp;rior, Quod f� qui forte me acquifitionum racnfurisbiandirinbsp;putant,ad!'nonendifunciCurtium�iC�ruleum fontes,aqu�nbsp;Claudi� fufficeread pr�ftandas duduifuo quin3rias,quasnbsp;f�gnif�raui.iiij.milium.dcvii.utpr�tereamillc.dc. clFundan�nbsp;tur.Ncc eo inf�cias,quin ea qu� fuperfluunt,non fint proprienbsp;hortim fontium.'capiunturenim ex Aiigufta, qu�inuentainnbsp;Marti� fuppkmentum, dum ilia n� indigef,adiccimusfontinbsp;busClaudie,quamuisne huiusquidem duftusomnem aquSnbsp;recipiat�Anionouusdn commentariis habere ponebatur qui jnbsp;narias. iij. milium.cclxiii. menfus adcaputrepcri quinarias,nbsp;iitj. milium .dccxxxviii. amplius,quam in conceptelis comgt;nbsp;mentariorum eftquinariis mille, cccclxxv. quarum acquifigt;nbsp;lionemnonauideme ampledi,quo non alio modo manife#nbsp;ftius probem quam erogatione ipforum commentariorum,nbsp;l�iaiorpars earum continetur.biegaturenimquinariarum.nbsp;iiii.milium . ccxi. alioquin incifdem commentariis inueni#nbsp;tur conceptio,non amplius/quam trium milium.clx�i. Prg#nbsp;terea intercipi non tantum quingentas. xxvii. qu� inter mennbsp;furas noftras �i erogation�m jnterfunt, fed Silonge ampHo^nbsp;remmodumdepr�hendi^exquoapparet etiam,exuberare*nbsp;comprehenfam a nobis �enfuram cuius rei ratio cft ,quodnbsp;uis aqu�'rapacior, ut ex largo �i celeri flumineexcepta,ue^nbsp;locitateipfafampliatmodum . Non dubito�Uquos anno�nbsp;taturos,quod longe maior copiafaftis menfurisinuentafir,nbsp;quameratincommcntariisPrincipum. Cuius rei caufaer�nbsp;ror efteorum,qui ab initio/paruin diligenter uniufcuiufqucnbsp;fecerunt �fdmationem.Ac ne metu �ftatis/ac ficcitatum/innbsp;tantum a uerirate eos reccfi�fle eredam , conftantibusqui�nbsp;dem ipfis menfuris lulio menfe , hanc uniufciiiufque copi^nbsp;am,qu�jfupra feripta tota e�,deincepsf�atedurante/explo�nbsp;rauerim. Qu�cunquctarnen e� caufaia qua proceditillud,nbsp;utic^detegiturix. milia quinariarum intercidi�cjdum benefinbsp;ciafua Princcps,fecundutu modum comentar�s aferiptun�^

temperat. Sequens diuerfitas eft, quod alius modus concip�# tur ad capita, alius^necexiguo minor in pifcinis,minimusdenbsp;inde/in diftributione concinetur,cuiusrei caufaeftifraus aquanbsp;riorum,quos�quasex publicisdudibus'iiyjriuator� ufumnbsp;deriuaredeprfhendimus.Sedamp;pIcriq: pofleflbrum,cxquonbsp;rum agris aqu� circunducuntur, fraude formas riuorum pernbsp;forant,'unde fitjUt dudus publieihominibus priuatis uel adnbsp;hortorum ufum fublcruiant,ucl ad itinera fufpendant. Ac denbsp;iiitrjseiufmodi.'nec plura,necmelioradici poirunt,qLi�aCcenbsp;lio Rufoidida funt,in eac�cione,cui rituluseft De aquis;quaenbsp;nuncnosomniaf�mililicentiaufurpata, urinam nonperof#nbsp;fenfasprobaremus, Irriguos agros, tabernas, ccenacula 8inbsp;corruptelas deniep omnesperpetuis falicntibus inftrudasin#nbsp;uenimus,non quodfalfis titulis aliaepro alijsaqu�croga#nbsp;bantuFjetiamfi inter leuiora caeteris uitia: inter ca tamen/quaenbsp;cmendationem uidebantur exigcre,mirandum eft,quod ferenbsp;circa montem Ccelium Qc Auentinum accidit,qui collcsjprinbsp;US quam Claudia perduccretur,utebantur Martiai�i luliatfednbsp;pofteaquam Nero Imperator/Claudiam operc araiato af#nbsp;fumpfit,cxceptam ufej ad tcmplum Diui Claudq pcrduxit,utnbsp;indediftribuererur,priores/non ampliat�,fcd amiflefunt:nbsp;nulla enim caftella adiccir,{ed ijfdem ufus,^uorum*quamuisnbsp;mutata aqua, uetusappellatio manfit. 4/Satisiam de modonbsp;cuiufc�j�i ucluti noua quadam acqui�tione aquarum,amp; fraunbsp;dibus,amp; uitijs,qu�tirca cas eranr, didum eft:fupercft, uteronbsp;garionem,quam confedam,ut fic dicam, in maflam inueni�nbsp;mus, imo�i falfis no minibus pofit�, per nomina aquarum,nbsp;uti qu�cj fe habet, amp; per regiones V rbisdigeramus. Cuiusnbsp;compr�henfionem icio non ieiunam tantum,fed ctiam per#nbsp;plexam uidcripoffe : ponemus tarnen quam breuiff�me,nenbsp;quid uelut forraul� ofRcrj�dcf�c ijsjquibus f�lRcfetcognouilI�nbsp;fumma,liccbit tarnen tranfirc leuiora. Vt ergodiftribuoonbsp;quinariar�.xii�f. milium.x. amp; v�j. Ita Si quadragenariarum�nbsp;xxxvi.quiaunaqndoej exquibufd� aquisinadiutoriGalia#nbsp;rum datur,amp; bis�n fpeciem crogafioniscadir,f�dfcmcl(/n c5nbsp;putationem ucnit.Ex his diuiduntur extra V rbemquinari�nbsp;quatuor

/q^v�edvctibvs rom. tl�, tr. quatuor milfa.lxirf. ex quitus nomine C�faris qiiinari�milnbsp;le.dccxxvif.prfuausiquinanae duo milia.cccxxxv�.R cliqu�tnbsp;inrra Vrbcrnillc. dcccelv. difiribuebStur in caftcUa.ccxlvii,nbsp;quibusferogabantur fub nomine C�faris iquinari� mille�nbsp;dccvii.femis:priuarisquinariarum,iij.milia.dcccxlyi).ufibusnbsp;publicisqiiinan'arum. iiij. milia, ^ccci, ex cocaftris ducentis :nbsp;quinari�.cclxxix. operibus publicisilcptuaginta quinc� quigt;nbsp;nari�. MMcecci.muneribustrigfntanouem quinari�. cccbcnbsp;xxin. lacubusquingentis nonagintauno quinari�. Meeexxnbsp;XV vSed amp; h�c ipfa difpcnfatio per nomina aquarum ad re#nbsp;giones V rbis partienda cft.Ex quinarijs ergo quatuordecinr�nbsp;milibus. x Sc vitj .(quam fummamier^ationibus omniumnbsp;aquarum expofuimus^anturnomineAppi�iextra Vrbcm� inbsp;quinari� tantummodo quinque,quoniamLibrahumiliornbsp;oritur,amp; a metiroribus reliqu� quinari�.dcxcix. intra Vr#nbsp;bem diuideban tur per regiones iccund�, V. V111.I X. X f,nbsp;X11. XII I.X 11 II. in caflclla,xx.exquibus nomineC�fa#nbsp;risquinari�.cli.priuatisquinari�.cxciii).publicisquinari�,nbsp;ccdiiq.cx eo caftris unis quinari�.iiif. operibus publicisq�anbsp;tuordedm quinari�.cxxiil.muneri uni^inari�.ij. lacubusnbsp;nonaginta duobus quinari�.ecxxv�. *Anioni3uetcris'cro# �j-gabantur extra V rbemnomine C�faris quinari�. clxix.prinbsp;uatis/quinari�.cceiiij.Reliqu� quinari� mille DVIII. femisnbsp;intra Vrbem diuidelaantur per regiones prima, III. IIII.V�nbsp;Vl.VlI.VIII.XlI.XlIII.fn ca�ella.xxxv. exquibusnomi#nbsp;ne C�faris quinari�.lx.uf�bus priuatisquinari�.cccxc. pu#nbsp;blicisquinari�. clirj� Ex eofcaftris unis quinari�. 1. operibusnbsp;publieisdecem amp;noucmquinarif.cxcvi.muneribus nouemrnbsp;quinari�.Ixxxviq.lacubus nonaginta quatuor quinari�nbsp;ccxviti. fMarti�erogabantur extra Vrbem nomine C�la 5nbsp;ris quinari�.ccixix. Reliqu� quinari�. Mcccclxxij.intraVr'nbsp;bem diuidebantur per regiones prima ,111. IIII.V.Vl.VlU�nbsp;�X.Xlin. In caftella.li.cx quibus'nominc C�faris qiiinarif�nbsp;cxvi.priuatisquinari�. dxlirj. caftris quatuorquinari�. xlij�nbsp;operibus publicisquindecim quinari�. xli.muneribusduonbsp;dccimiquinari�, ciiij.Iacubus centum quatuordecimquina#

4- riae.cdvi�. ^^Tepulatcrogabantur extra Vrbem nomine C�e farisqirinari�.lviii.priuatis.lvi.Reliqu�quinari�.cccxxxi.nbsp;intra Vrbemidiuidebantur per regionem IlII. V. VI. VILnbsp;incaftella.xiiti.ex quibus nomine C�faris qiiinariae.xxxiiij.nbsp;priuatisquinari� �ccxxvii .ufibus publicisquinari�. 1. ex eo!nbsp;caftris duobus qui nari�.xii. operibus pubiicis tribusquinanbsp;ri�.vii. lacubuscredecimquinari�.xxx�. ^uli�fluebantnbsp;extra V rbemmomine C�faris quinari�.Ixxxv.priuatisquigt;nbsp;nari�,cxxif. Reliqu�quinarix. dxlviii. Intra Vrbem dimgt;nbsp;debantur per regiones II. III. V. VI. VIII. X.X II. incaftelnbsp;la deccm amp;feptem,ex quibusnomine Cjfaris quinari�,xvii�nbsp;ufibus publicisquinari�. ccclxxiii. Exeocaftris quinariaenbsp;Ixix.operibus publicisquinari�, cxxi.muneribusquinariaenbsp;ixvfi.lacubusuigintiodoquinari�.Ixv. Virginis nominenbsp;cxibant extra Vrbcnvquinari�.cc, Reliqu� quinari�. MMnbsp;cccii�.intra Vrbemdiuidebancur/per regiones Vil .VIII*nbsp;Xllll.In caftclla.xxvi. ex quibus nomine C�faris quinariae.nbsp;dxlix. priuatisquinari�. cccxxxv�i. ufibus publicis. Mccccnbsp;xyli. Ex eomuneribus duobus quinariae. xxvi. lacubusui#nbsp;gintiquinquequinari�. Ixi. opcribuspublicisfexdccimquw

tra V rbem confumicur/nomine C�faris quinari�. rcccliiii. ? priuatisquinari�, cxxxviii. lt;Claudia�i Anio noiius extranbsp;Vrbem proprio qu�cjriuo,�rogabarur,intra Vrbemtongt;nbsp;fundebatur, amp; Claudia quidem extra Vrbem nomine C�ianbsp;risdabatquinan'as.ccxvrj.priuatisquinarias. ccccxxxixnbsp;nio nouusnomine C�faris.dccxxviii. Reliqu� utriufq^ quijgt;nbsp;nari�. MMMccccxcviii. intra V rbem diuidebantur per rc#nbsp;giones V rbis.xiiq. in caficlla.xcq.ex quibiis nomine C�fagt;nbsp;risquinari�.Mdcccxv.priuausquinari�.Mlxvij, ufibus punbsp;blicis/quinari�.Mxn.ex eo/caftrisnouemiquinarij,cxljx.opcnbsp;ribus publicis'decem amp;oftoquinari�,cclxix.muner/busnbsp;duodecim quinari�. evij, lacubus centum uigintifexquina#nbsp;rif.ccccxxyrj.

ua inucntione fonnum accreuir, ac pr.opc publicata ubertas cftj tum amp; fedula deinde particioncdiftributa,uc regionibus,nbsp;quibus/fingul� feruiebant aqu�,pluresdarentur,tanquamnbsp;C�lio amp; AuentinOjin quosifoIaClaudiaper arcus Neronianbsp;nosducebatur. Q.uo fiebat, ut quoties defctlio aliqua inter#nbsp;ueniflet,celeberrimicolles(fitirent,quibusnunc pluresaqu�,nbsp;�i inprimis Martia/reddita amplior^ opere^ C�lto in Auennbsp;tinum ufque'perducitur,atque eriam omniparte Vrbisla#nbsp;custamnoui quam ueteres,pleriquebinosfalicntesdiuerfa#nbsp;rumaquarum,acceperunr,utficafusalterutram impedifler,nbsp;alt�ra fuificientc tion deftitucretiir ufus . Sentit banc curamnbsp;Imperatoris pijfli�mi Neru� Principis fuiiRegina amp; dominanbsp;orbis indies,qu�terrarum Dea conl�ftit,cui par nihil,amp; nihilnbsp;fecundum,amp;magisfentiet;falubritas eiufdem �tern�nbsp;bis, audo caftellorum, operum, munerum, amp; lacuum nu#nbsp;mero ,nec minus(adpriuatoscotnmodum,quodiex incrc#nbsp;mento beneficiorum eiusdii�unditur. llli quoque/qui timidi 'nbsp;illicitam aquamduccbant,fccurinuncexbeneficiisfruuntur.nbsp;Ne percuntes quidem aqu�/ociof� funt : nam immundicia#nbsp;rum facies,amp; inipurior fpiritus,�i caufac grauioris cccli,qui#nbsp;bus apud ueteresiVrbisinfamisa�r fuit, funt remot�, Nonnbsp;proeterit me deberi operi-nou� erogacionis ordinationemjnbsp;fed h�cjcum incremento adiunxerimus,inrclligi oportet nonnbsp;effe cam poncndam,nifi cura c�fummatafuerit.Quid, quodnbsp;nec hoc/diligenti� Principis j^quam/exadii�imam ciuibusnbsp;fuis pr�itaq fufficit,'parum pr�fidqac uoluptatistioftrisconnbsp;iuliflcfefccredentis,quodtantam copiamadijciat,nifieam(nbsp;fynceriorem, iucundioremque faciat^ Oper�precium cftir�nbsp;per fingula, per qu� illc�ccurrcndo uitiis quorundam,uni#nbsp;uerfisadiecit utilit�rem.Etenim/quandociuitasnoftra,uelnbsp;fum exiguiimbrcsffiipcruenerant, non turbulcntas^limo#nbsp;fasque aquas habuit fixe quia hoc/uniucrf�s ab origine na#

Curaeeft^aut quia iftudincommodum fendredebeantquod capiuntur ex fonribus, in prim is Marna amp; Claudia, ac religt;nbsp;qu�, quarum fplendor acapite integer, nihil aut minimum/nbsp;pluuia inquinatur,fi putei extrudli �bieAi funt. Aquae Anionbsp;nis minus permanent ]ympidae:nam fumitur exflumine, acnbsp;faepe etiam fcreno)turbantur,quoniam Anioquamuis punTgt;nbsp;firao defluens lacu,tnobilibus tarnen cedendbus ripis, aufercnbsp;aliquid quo turbetur, priufqu� deueniat in riuos : quod in#nbsp;commodumhonfolumhybernis acuernis,fed aeftiuis imbrinbsp;bus fentiqquo cempore/cxitgrador aquarum fynccritas. Exnbsp;ijs igitur alter, id e� Anio uetus, cum plerunc� Libra fit infc#nbsp;rior,incommodum infra fe tenec.Kouus autem Anio/uitia#nbsp;baccaeceras: nam cum edidlRmus ueniai, �C in primisabun#nbsp;dans,aliqu andodefedioni aiiarum fuccurrit.Impcritia ueronbsp;aquariorum,dcduccntium in alienos eum fpccus,frcquentiu8nbsp;quam explemcnto opus erat, etiam fufFiciences aquas inqui#nbsp;nabaqmaxime Claudiam, quj per multa milia palTuum.pronbsp;prio dufta riiio, Romaedemum icum Anione permixta,innbsp;hoc tempus perdebat propriet�rem, adcoc� obucnientibusnbsp;non fuccurrebat ,utplcr�cpaquae accerferentur perimpru#nbsp;dentiam, n� uti dignumerataquisparientium Martiam ,itanbsp;utipfamfpendore amp; rigoregratiffimam, balneis�c fulloni#nbsp;cis, amp; relatu quoc� foedis minifterijsdcprfhenderimus (crui#nbsp;entcm.Omnes ergo dilcerni placuit,tum fingulasita ordina#nbsp;rijUt in primisMartia potui tota (eruirer,amp; dcinccpsreliquae/nbsp;fecundumfuam quaec� qualitatem aptis ufibus aiTignaren#nbsp;tur,�ficut Anio uerus'pluribus excaufis, quo interioretxcipi#nbsp;tur minus falubris, inhortorum rigationem ,atqueinipfiusnbsp;V rbis fordidioraexirct minifteria.Nec fatis fuir principi no#nbsp;ftrotaeterarum refiituinecopiam, fed etiam gratiam. Anio#nbsp;nisquoej noui uittafexcindi pofieuidir. OmilTo cnim Aurai#nbsp;nelrepcti exlacu,quieftfuperuinam NeronianamSublaccnnbsp;fem^bi lympidilfima eftjiul�iir. Nam cum oriatur Aniofu#nbsp;pra T1 ebam angiiftam, feu'quia per faxofos montesdecur#nbsp;rit, pau^ris circa ipfum oppidis obiacendbus cultis, icu quianbsp;Ucusaldtudinein quo excipitur,uelutdepuratur, imminen#nbsp;tium

tium quoq,- nemo rum opaciratc inumbratiis, frigidiflimus fimiil ac/plendifTimusieo peruenit. Haec tam fcelixproprie#nbsp;tasaqu�/omnibus dotibus�quaturaMarn'am,copiaucro/nbsp;ruperatura,ueniet in locum deformisillius ac turbid�, Nogt;nbsp;uum Imperatorem C�faremjNeruamTraianum Auguftunbsp;pr�fcribentetitulo, Sequitur ut indicemus,quod iusdu#nbsp;cend� f�t aqu�,qu�uccura duduum/f�t habenda; quorum al dtfi�uM�nbsp;terumadcohibendosintramodumimpetratibcneficijpriua Chiure4�nbsp;tos, alterQfld ipforum dusSuum perrinctjutclam ; in q�ibus ^U�fUnt�nbsp;dum altius repeto leges de fingulis,quas4ate quidem apud uenbsp;tercsX3bfcruatasinueni,carum �quitatem prudentiamt^te#nbsp;ticendam non cenfui. Apud antiquosiomnis aqua in publi#nbsp;cos ufus erogabatur, legecgcautum itafuit, ne quis priuatus ,nbsp;aliamducat,quam'q��exlacuhumumaccedit( h�c�him �nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;;

uerba f�int eius legis)ia eft,qux/cxlacu abundauit:cam nosta /'T''* ducam uocam�s. Et h�c ipfa'non in alium ufum, quam innbsp;balnearum,aut fullonicorum dabatur;eratf� ueAigalisftatunbsp;ta merces,qu�)in publicum penderetur; aliquidf�i in domosnbsp;Principumdabatur,cocedcntibusreliquis. Ad q�em autemnbsp;magiftratum/iusdand�uendend�ue aquj pertinueritjinifsnbsp;ipfislcgibusfuariatur. Interdum enim ab Aedilibus, interdit /nbsp;a Cenforibus permiflum inuenio ; fed apparet/quotiesin Rc#nbsp;pub.eranr,ab illis pOtifl�mum petitum ; cum ii non eranf,Acnbsp;diliumcam poteftatem fuifle.Exquo/manifeftum cft, quantonbsp;potior cura maio vibus/communium utilitatum,quam priuanbsp;tarumuoluptatum fuer{t,cum adufum publicum pertine#nbsp;retetiam ea aqua|quam priuari duccbant. utelam autemnbsp;fingularum aquarum/Iocari ibiitam inuenio, pof�tamep' Re#nbsp;demptoribus neceffitatem, certum numerum/circa dudusnbsp;extra V rbem, amp; certum in V rbe Teruoru m opificumhabcnnbsp;di,amp; quidem ita,ut nomina qucq:cor� ,quos liabituri erancnbsp;jn minifterio, per quasc^ regiones in tabulas publicasdefer#nbsp;rent,eorumcpopcrum probandorum curam ftiiflc perCen#nbsp;fores aliquando'amp; AedileSjintcrdum etiam Cenforibus/eainnbsp;prouinciam obuenif�e, ut apparet ex eoiquod fadum cft, C.nbsp;Viciano CefuU,amp;M,Fabio Cenforibus, ^/Quantoperx au#

tem cur�fuerit, ne qui'suiolare duftus, aquamuenon con# ccffamderiuare anderer, cum ex mulrisapparercpofcftjtumnbsp;exhoc,quodCircus maxJmus,ne diebus quidem ludorumnbsp;Circen�um,ni� Aediltum autCenforum permiffu irn'gabagt;nbsp;tur: quod durafTeieti� poftquam resad curatores cransrjt fubnbsp;Augufto,apud Atteium Capitonem Icgimus. Agri ueroquinbsp;aqua publicafc�tra legem eflentirrigati,publjcabantur.Mannbsp;cipiaetiam jficutea quae aduerfus legem�mulrSa loco fecifl�nbsp;dicebantur.lniifdcmiegibusadiedumeftjtainc qui's aquamrnbsp;oletato.dolo malo, ubi publice falit : liquis oletarir,feftertiogt;nbsp;rum.X. milium mulAaefto.01etato,uidecurcireolidam facigt;nbsp;rogt;cuius rei caufa/Acdiles Gurules iubebantur/per uicos �n^nbsp;gulos ex rjs ,qui in uno quoc� uico habitarent prxdiaue hagt;nbsp;bercntjbinos pr�f�ccre,quorum arbirratu aqua in publicu nanbsp;l�lirct. Primus. M. Agrippa poft aedilitatem quam geflit connbsp;fularis,operumfuorumamp; munerum ueluti perpetuus curagt;nbsp;tor fuit, quiiam copia pcrmittcnteAJelcripfit, quid aquarumnbsp;publicis opcribus,quid lacubus, quid priuatis daretur. Hagt;nbsp;buitSi familiam propriam, aquarum qu� cuererur duAus^nbsp;atcgcaftella'amp; lacus. Hane Auguftus h�reditatem ab eo fibinbsp;reltAampublicauit.Pofteum Q, Aelio Tuberone,P. Fabionbsp;Maximo iterum COSS.in rc,quf'ufcj in id tempus, qua� ponbsp;teftateaAa/certoiure eguilTei:,Scnatufconfulro aAa(unt,acnbsp;lexpromulgata. Auguftus quocpfedi Ao complexuseft, quonbsp;iureutercncur,qui'excommentarijs Agrippae aquas habegt;nbsp;rcnt,tota re infuabeneficia translata. Moduluseci�, de quigt;nbsp;busdiAum eft,conftituir,amp;rei continendaecxerccnd�eg�u#nbsp;ratorem fecit Meflalam Coruinum, cuiadiutores dati Poftgt;nbsp;humius Sulpitiuspr3�forius,amp; L. Gominius Pedarius* infi#nbsp;gnia eislqua� magiftratibusconcefla ; deep eorum ofFici�ySonbsp;natuiconftiltum faAum,quod infra feriptum eft. S. G. quodnbsp;Ql.i.AeliusTubero,P.FabiusMaximusCOS S.V. F.denbsp;iisquicuratores aquarum publicarumfexSenacuiconfuIto 'anbsp;C�fare Augufto nominari efient ordinandis, D.E. R. Q; F*nbsp;P. D. E. R. I. G. placerchuic ordin^osqui aquispublicisnbsp;praecffentjCum dus rei caufa/extra Vrbem eflent, �ftorcsnbsp;bino�

ACCVA�DVCriBVS ROM. LtS. �I, binos i Siferuos publicos fcrnos, architcftos fingulos;amp; fcri'''nbsp;bas,amp;ljbran'os,acccnfos,pr3econc�jtotidcmbabcrc,quocnbsp;habcnt ii'pcrquosfrumcnt�plebi datur. Cum autemin V r#nbsp;bc/ciufdcm caufa aliquid agcrcnt,c�tcr)sapparkoribusijf#nbsp;dem'pr�rerquam liftoribiis Ait^ue quibus apparitoribus.nbsp;Ex hoe S. Conful. curatoribusaquarum ,ud Hcereteos die/nbsp;bus. X. proximis,quibus/ S.Conful.fadumeffet, ad �ragt;nbsp;rium deferrentur ; quique ka dclatieffent,ijs'pr�tores acra^nbsp;rii/mercede cibaria,quanta pr�fedi frutnento,'dandadare;nbsp;deferrccf folent,annua darentiamp;attribuerenr,t)sque/easpccugt;nbsp;nias fine fraudefuas facere liceret:uticf tabulas,chartas , exte,/nbsp;rac^, qu� eius curationis caufatopus effet, ijs curatoribus pr�nbsp;benda, Q_. Aelius, P. Fabius. CO SS. ambo alterue finbsp;ijs uidebitur/adhibkis praetoribus ,qui'�rario pr�f�nt �C pr�nbsp;benda locent. Itemque/cum uiarum frumentique curatorcs,nbsp;quiiquarta parte annt/publico fungebantur minifterio,ut cugt;nbsp;ratorcs aquarum'iudicijs uacent priuatis, publicisque ; apgt;nbsp;paritores;amp; minifteria, quamuis perfeueret adhuc aerariumfnbsp;in eos crogare, tarnen etiam curatorum uidentur defiffe fner/nbsp;tia,amp; fegnkianonagentium officium. EgreffiautemVr#nbsp;bem/duntaxatagcnd�rei caufa, Senatus'pr�ftoeffeliAoresnbsp;iufferat: nobisekcumeuntibusriuos, fides noftra�i autorisnbsp;tas'a Principe data, pro lidoribus erit. Cum rem produxc� curdtoninbsp;rimus adinitiumcuratorum,noneft,alicnum;fubiungere, fucee�io,nbsp;qui poft Meffalam/huic ofRcio ad nos ufque pr�fuerint. Mefnbsp;fal�'fucceffit, Silioamp;Planco .COSS .AtceiusCapito:Cagt;nbsp;pkoni/L. Martio. C. Antiftio uetereCO S S.SatriusT�^ufusinbsp;Satrio Sergio Cornelio Cethego L. Vifellio Varronenbsp;C O S S. M. Cocceii� Merua,Diui Ner u� auus,fcientia iuris/nbsp;illuftris�Huic fticccffk F.Perfieo L. V iteilio COSS .C.O(f�nbsp;uius LenasiLcnati^IunianOj^Nonio Afprenate CO S S. Anbsp;q�ila�HuicfucceffitM.PorciusCato: poftquamp;SextoNonionbsp;Celereamp;lunioQuintilianoCOSS. Didiu?GalJus;Gallo/nbsp;Qii.Veranio P�peio Longino CO S S.Cn. Domitius Afer;nbsp;AfrOjbJerqne Claudio C�farequartum,amp; Coffo Coffi fi�onbsp;COSS, L^Pifo ; Pifoni, V irginio Rufo, Qi Memio Regtilo

COSS.PctroniusTurpilianusiTurpiliano Craffo Frugi,8i Lecaaio Baffo COSS,P.Mia^ius;Mario,L.T�lcfino,amp; Suc^nbsp;tonio Paulino COSS.Fonteius^grippa : Agripp�, Silio,nbsp;amp; Galerio Trachalo COSS.Alipiu^rifpus.CrifpOjVcfpanbsp;fiano tertium,amp; Cocceio Nerua COSS. Pomp^�us Siluius�nbsp;Siluino,Valerio,amp;M�nalino C O S S. T, Aniii^lauianus:nbsp;Fla^'anOjVefpafiano quintum,amp; Tito teriium COSS. Acinbsp;liJs A uiola.Poft quern Impcratore Nerua terdum, Virgt;nbsp;quot;ruritorinbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Rufo tertium COSS.ad no'^cura translata eft.^�^unc?

quid oblcruarc curator aquarum debeat, IcgesSenatusc� quico jer cpnfu|faadinftruendumeumperdnenda,fubiungam.Circanbsp;Uanatt� ducend� aqua^in priuatis h�c obferuanda funt, ne quisnbsp;�neliterisCsefarisjid eft,nequisaquam publicam nonimpe#nbsp;iratam,amp; ne quisamplius quam impetratum fuerit ducat.Itanbsp;cnim efficiemuSjUtmodus quem acquiri diximus, poffityadnbsp;nouosfalientes,�iadnouaPrincipisbcncficiapcrdnere. Innbsp;utroc� autem'magna cura multiplici opponenda fraudieil.nbsp;Solicite fubinde duftus extra Vrbem funt circumeundiadnbsp;rccognoicenda beneficia. Idem'in caf�ellis falientibus publianbsp;cis^faciendum, ut fine intermiffione, diebus nodibuscp�aquanbsp;fluat, quodfSenatus quoc� confulto curatorfacerciubetur,nbsp;cuiusih�cquoc�uerba funt: Aelius T ubero,amp; P.Fabius Manbsp;xiiDUS O.V.F. COSS. de numero publicorum faliendumnbsp;qui in Vrbe effentjintracp �dificiaVrbi coniunda,quos M.nbsp;�grippafecilTe.(X,F�P'�^^nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cenfuerGt,ncc^ augcri pla

cere,nec minui numerus publicorum faliendum, quos nunc efiercrulcruntiijquibus'negociumaSenatu eftimperatum,nbsp;ut infpiccrcnt aquas publicas,inirentq;numcrumi�lientiumnbsp;publicorum.ItemcFlplacere�uratores aquarum,quosjScna#nbsp;tufconf. C�far Auguftus lex Senatus autorit�re nominauir,nbsp;dare operam,ut falicntes publici/quam afliduiflimc interdiunbsp;Si no�uiaquam in ufum populi fijnderent. In hoc Senatus^nbsp;confulto/crediderim annotand�quod Senatus/tam auge*'!nbsp;quam minui faliendum publicor� numerumuetuerit, Id fa^nbsp;dum cxiftimo,quia modus aquarum,quffis temporibusinnbsp;Vfbcm ueniebanf,antcquam Claudia,amp; Anio nouusperdunbsp;ccretui^r

��.VAEDVCTlBVS ROM. LIB. II? �retur,maiorcmerogadonem,caperenonuidcbatur.Qii{ Ali^f�^.nbsp;aquam�n ufus priuatosdcdufcrc uo!et,impcrrarcearn debcif pere^nbsp;bit,i5t a Principc'cpiftolam adcuratorem afferre. Ciirarores 'nbsp;dcinde/benefido C�fan's pr�ftarc maturkatem, lic procurainbsp;torcm ciiifdem officij libcrtum C�faris protinus fcribere.nbsp;Procuratorcmaurem/primusTi.Claudius utdctur admo#nbsp;uiffcjpoftquam Anionem nouumamp;Claudi�/induxk. Quidnbsp;contineatepiftolalulia, fieriquoquenotunadcber,nequangt;nbsp;do;ncgligcntiam, aut fraudem fuam ignorantiae colore degt;nbsp;fendat. Procuratoricalicem cius moduli, quifuerkimpetra#nbsp;cus,adhibitis libratoribusffignari cogket,amp;diligenter inten#nbsp;dat mcnfurarum^uas fupradiximus^ modum, �i carum nonbsp;tidam habeat,ncfitin arbitrio libratorum/interdum maiorisnbsp;luminisjinterdum minoris,progratiaperfonarum,califemnbsp;probare.Scd neque ftatim adhuc liber� f�brjciendi,qualem#nbsp;cunqiplumbeam fiftulampcrmittatarbitn'um:ucrumeiuf#nbsp;dem luminis,quofcalix �gnatus eft, eundempier pedes quin#nbsp;quagintapropedetjficut Senatufconfulto,quod fubijeien#nbsp;dumeftjCauetur.Quod Q,AeliusTubcro,C^.Fabiusmaxi#nbsp;musCOSS. quot;V, F. quofd�priuatosex riuis publicisaquamnbsp;ducerc. Q.D. E. R. F. P.D. E. R. V, I.C.necuipriuatofa#nbsp;quam ducerc ex riuis publicis liccrct : utic� omnes ij, quibus Inbsp;aqu�duccnd�ius effet datum,cxcaftellisduccrcnt,animad#nbsp;uertcrcntc�curarorcs aquarum,quibuslocisiintracxtraqucnbsp;Vrbcm)aptcca(lellapriuatifacere poffenqcx quibus aquamnbsp;duccrcnr,quam excafiello communem accepiffen�a curato#nbsp;ribusaquarum,necui eorum, quibus aqua daretur publica,nbsp;ius effet, intra quinquaginia pedes eins cafielli, ex quo'aquSnbsp;ducerentjlaxiorcm fiftulam fubrjccrc quam quinaria. In hocnbsp;Scnatufconfulto'dignum admirari onceft,quod aquam,nonnbsp;nificxcaftello ducipermktit, ncaut riui i aut fiflul� public�^nbsp;frequenter lacerarentur. lusimpcrrat�aqu�necj! h�rcdem,nbsp;nee� emptorem ,nec�ullum nouum dominumpr�diorum .nbsp;nbsp;*

fequitur. Balneis, qii3e;publicclauarcnr,priuilegium an# tiquitusconccdebatur,ut femel data aqua/perpetuo mancret, * �'nbsp;ficutex ucteribus Senatufconful.cognolcimus;ex quibus *nbsp;iij:)

unum fubicci : Nunr;omnis aqu� cum poffefforeinfiaura# tur beneficium. Qyod.Qj Aelius Tubero, P. Fabius Maxi#nbsp;musCOSS. V. F.conftitui oporterct,quoiurc extrain#nbsp;iracf V rbem/ducerent aquas ij^qu ibus attributae effent. Q.nbsp;D. E. R. F. P. D, E. I. C. uti rjs quoc^maneret attributionbsp;aquarum ,exceptisqu�in ufum balneorum effent dat�, autnbsp;Augu�i nomine, quoad ijdem domini/poffider�t id folum,nbsp;in quo accepiffent aquam.Cum uacare aiiqu� coepennr,ad#nbsp;nunciatur,in comm entariosej redigitur, qui refpiciunturucnbsp;petitoribus'ex uacuis dari poifint. Has aquasfftatim interdi#nbsp;cere iblebant,utmedio temporciuendercnt/autpoffefforibusnbsp;praediorum,aut alps. Humanius eciam uifum eit Principi nonbsp;ftro, ne pr�diajfubico deftituerentur ,triginta dier� fpaciutnnbsp;indulgerijintra quodijad quosrespcrtinct, irrigarent.Dea#nbsp;qua/in pr�dia fociorum daca,niiiil confiitutum inuenio;per#nbsp;inde tamS obferuatur, ac iure cautum, ut dum quis/ex p'sjquinbsp;communiter impetraueruntjfupereffetjtotus modus praedijsnbsp;a(fignatusiflucret:amp;tunc demum renouaretur beneficium,nbsp;cum defijffct quili� ex ijs,quibuscrat datum poffidere. Impe#nbsp;trataaqua^alio/quam ineapr�dia,in qu�data erar,aut exnbsp;alio caftello,qu3m quo exepiftolaPrincipistontrahebat dunbsp;ci,paiam .S.Confulto non oportet, led amp;mandatis prohibenbsp;tur.Impetrantur autemamp;h�aqu�,qu�)caduc�uocantur,nbsp;idcft,qu�/autexcaftelliseffluunt, autexmanationibusfiftu#nbsp;Iarum,quod bencficium/a Principibus parciffime tribui foil#nbsp;tum,fedfraudibus aquariorum obnoxiumcffjquibusprohinbsp;bendis/quanta rura debeatur, excapitc mandatorum mani#nbsp;feftum erit, quod fubiecit : Caducam/neminem uolo ducerc,nbsp;nifi qui meo bencficio,aut priorum Principum,habent:namnbsp;neceffeeft/cxcaftcllisaliquam partem aqu� affluere,cum hocnbsp;pertineatfnon folum ad V rbis noftrj falubriratem ,fed etiamunbsp;adudlitatem cloacarum abluendarum, ^xplicitis/qu� adnbsp;ordinationem aquarum priuatiufus pertincbant,non ab renbsp;�nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cftiqu�dam ex rjs, quibuscircumferibi faluberrimas conftitii-j

tiones in iplb rei adu depr�hendimus,excmpM caufa.attinge re� Amplioresquofdain calices quaraimpctratieratjpofitosnbsp;in pie#

r in plerifcj caftellis inucni,et ex rjshliquos ne fignaros quidcnj, Qijories aucem f�gnacus calix�xccditlegititnam mcnfurara,nbsp;ambi'rio/procuratori, qui cum fignauit, deregitur : cum uero/nbsp;ne f�gnatus quidem eft,manifefta culpa omniu^maximeflcci#nbsp;pientis depr�hendicur,deinde/uillici. In quibuldamicum cali^nbsp;CCS legicim� mcnf�r� fignati eflenr,ftacim/amplioris modugt;nbsp;li fiftulxfubiedx fucrunt:unde acciderat, ut aqua'non per leynbsp;gidmum ipacium coercica,(ed per leues anguftias cxpreffajfanbsp;eile laxiorcm in proximo fiftulam/implcret. ideoeg /illud adnbsp;huc,quodes fignatur calix,diligendf adijeiendum eft, ut fiftunbsp;l� quoqu�proximc per ipacium, quod S.Confulto comprgnbsp;henfum diximus,�gnentur. Ita demum enim uillicus, cumnbsp;Icieritznon aliter quam fignatas'collocari debere, omnicare#nbsp;bitexcufadonc. Circa collocandos quoque calicesobferuarinbsp;oportctjUtadlincam ordinentui*, necaltcriusinfcriorcalix,nbsp;alterius/fuperior ponatur. Inferiorplus trahit, fupen'orimi#nbsp;nus ducic.quia curfus aqu�/ab inferiore rapitur Jn quorun#nbsp;poffeflbrem aqu�;foramen nouum/caftello imponunt,uetus/nbsp;relinqunt,quo uenalem extrahat aquam. Inprimis ergo/hocnbsp;quoc�emendandum curator! crediderim. Non enim folutnnbsp;ad ipl�r� aquarum cuftodiam, led eti� adcaftelli tutclam/pernbsp;tinet,quod/fubindclamp;finecaufaforatumiuitiatur/?�tiam illenbsp;aquariorum tollendus eft redditus, quern uocanepunftam.nbsp;Longa acdiuerfafuntfpacia, perqu�/fiftul� tota meant Vr#nbsp;beflatcntesRibfilice. Has/comperi per e�, qui appcllabatiirnbsp;a punAis, paffim/conuulneratis omnibus in tranfitu n�gocianbsp;toribus,pr�buifle peculiaribus f�ftu!isiaquam:quo elFicicba#nbsp;tur,utexiguusmodu�ad uftispublicosprouenirct. Qjjan#nbsp;tum/exhoc modo/aqu�,fublatumfit,�ftimocxeo,quodalinbsp;quantum plumbifublati/ciufmodiramisrcduAumcft.lt;Su#nbsp;pereft tutcla duAuum j de qua'prius quam diccrc inetpiam,nbsp;pauca de familia �quaqliuiusreicaufa parata eft, explican# huicrcip4nbsp;dafunt. Familiae/fuat du�,altera(publica, altera/C�faris. ruM

TPublica�ntiquior, quam Agripp� Augufto relidam, amp; ab eo publicatam diximusihabct homines cirefter.ccxl.C�farisnbsp;famiii�uumeruseft. cccclx.quamiClaudius, cum aquas innbsp;V rbcm perduceretj conftituit. V traq! autem familia^n ali#nbsp;quot minffteriorum fpecies diducitur:uillfcos,caftenarios,ainbsp;racores,filicarios,tedorcs,aIiosc�opifices.Exhisaliquoscxgt;nbsp;tra V rbcm ei�e oportet/ad ea, quacinon funt magn� molitionbsp;nis. Marurum tarnen auxili� uidentur exiger� omnes in Vr#nbsp;bcAiircacaftellorum Siraunerum ftationeSjOperacgjquae ur#nbsp;gebunt,in primisad fubitos cafus,utcxcompluribusrregio^fnbsp;nibuSjin quas/neceflitas inciibucrir,c�uerci pofli't pr�fidiumnbsp;aquarum abundantius. Tam amplum numerum utriufquenbsp;familiac,folitiim ambitionc^ aut negligentia praepofitorum,nbsp;in priuata opera diduci, reuocarc ad aliquam difciplinamjScnbsp;publica miniftcri�jita inftituimus, ut pridie/quid �fl�t afturanbsp;diAaremuSjamp;quidquacgdieegiffctadiscomprjhSdcretur.nbsp;Commodapublicae famili� exAcrariodanrur,quodimgt;nbsp;pendium exoneratur uedigalium redditu/ad iiis aquar� pernbsp;tincntium.Eaconftat,'exhortis3edificijsoe,qu3efunteircadu#nbsp;ftus,autcaftena,aut muncra,autlacus, quern redditum/progt;nbsp;pc fefiertium.ccl.milium falientem^ac uagum, proximis uc#nbsp;ro femporibus/in Domitiani loculosuerfum, indicia Dininbsp;Ncruae populo reRituit,nodra fedulitasiadcertam rcgulamnbsp;redegit, ut conftarc nt, quae/effent ad hoc uedigal pertinentianbsp;loca.Caefaris familiacxfifeo accipiccommoda,unde/amp; omnenbsp;plumbum^ amp; omnes impenf� ad dudus,amp; cailclla, Sc lacusnbsp;Ttifek dunbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;� ^^uoniam lt;quae uidebantur ad fa�

miliam percinere'cxpofuimus, ad tutelam duduumjficutpro * miferamusdiucrtimus,rem/cnixiorecuradignam,cuinmanbsp;gnitudinfsRomaniImpcrqid prxeipuum fitindiciu. Mukanbsp;atcpampla operafubindc nafcuntiir, quibusantc fuccurridcnbsp;ber,quam magno auxilio cgereincipiant ; pleracjtamenprt*nbsp;denti tcmpcramentoiuftinendafunt: quia nonfemper/opusnbsp;aut faccre,3ucampliarcqu�rcntibus,credcndum cd ldco�nbsp;que non folumfcicntiaperitorum,fedamp; proprioufuciira�nbsp;tor inftrudus efle debet, nec fuae tantum ftadonis archiicftis,

aq^v�edvctibvs rom. lib. il chi'tcAisIuti, fed plun'um aduocarefnon minus fidem quantnbsp;fubtilitatem,ut �ftimcttju�rcpr�fcntanda, qu�idifFerendanbsp;f�nc:amp; rurfus,qu3e per redemprores efPici debeant,amp; q^ux/pcrnbsp;domefticos artifices.Mafcuntur opcratfere ex his caufis,' namnbsp;autuetuftate corrumpuntur,autimpotentiapofre{ror�,autnbsp;ui tempeftatum,auc culpa male fafti operisjqiiod faepius acgt;nbsp;cidit/in rccentibus.Fcre aut uetuftate, aut ui [empcftatum,parnbsp;tes duftuum laborant,qu�/arcuationibus fuftinentur,autnbsp;montium latcribus/applicat�funr,amp; exai�cuationibus, excpnbsp;perflumentraijciuntur. Idco'h�copera ifolicita feftinationenbsp;cxplicanda fiint.Minusiniuri� fubiacentiubterranea, necgenbsp;licidijs,nec caloribusexpofita. Vitia autem�iufmodi/auttagt;nbsp;lia funtjUt non interpellato curfufubueniatur cis,aut emend.!/nbsp;ri nifi auerfa non poifint,ficut ea, quae.in ipfo alueo fieri necefnbsp;fe eft. H�c/duplici ex caufa nafcuntur,aur limo concrefccngt;nbsp;te,quMnterdum in cruftam durefcit,itercpaquf/coarlt;ftat: autnbsp;tccftorio corrumpitur,unde fiunt manationes,quibus/negt;nbsp;ceffe eft latera riuo rum amp; fubftruftiones uitiari.Pil�quoc�nbsp;ipfac topho extruft�/fub tam magno onere labuntur. Reficinbsp;quae circa alueosfuntriuorum, �ftate non debent, neaquaenbsp;intermittatur ufusitcmpore, quo pr�cipue del�derarur : fednbsp;uere.uel aurumno, amp; maxima cG fcftinatione,ita ut ante pr�gt;nbsp;paratisomnibus/quam paucifiimis dicbusriui cefient. Negt;nbsp;minem fugit per fingulos duftus hoc efle faciendum,nc'fi pinnbsp;res pariter auertantur, defit aquaciuirati. Eaqu�nonintcrgt;nbsp;pcllato aqu� curfuicffici debent, maxime ftrudura confiant,nbsp;quamifuis temporibuaSi fidelem fieri oportet. Idoneum ftmnbsp;�ur3erempus,efta calcnd. Aprilibusiin calend .Noucmgt;nbsp;bres, ita/ut optimum fitintermittere earn partem 3eftatis,qugz ��nbsp;nimijs caloribus incandefcir : quia tempcramento cccli opusnbsp;eft,iit exhumorecommodeftruftura combibat,amp;: in unitarcnbsp;corroborctur. Non minus autem fol acrior'quam gelationbsp;prxcipit materiam ; neque ullum opus 'diligentiorem pofcitnbsp;curam,quamquodaqu�obftaturumeft. Fidesitaquceiusnbsp;per fingula, fecundum legemtiotam omnibus, fed a paucis/nbsp;obferuatam, exigenda eft /�llud null� dubium effe credidc^

rim, proximos duftus,id eft qui a fexto miliario/lapide quadrate confiftunr, maxime cuftodiendos: quoniam �i amnbsp;pliflimioperisfuntjamp;plures aquas fingulifuftinent,quos,Gnbsp;neceiTefuerit incerrumpcre,maior pars aquarum/V rbem Ronbsp;mam deftituet. Remedia tarnen funt, ut his difficulratibus in#nbsp;choatus alucus excicetur/ad libram deficientis � Alueus uero/nbsp;plumbatiscanah'bus,per fpacium interrupci duftus, rurfusnbsp;contineatur. *Porro quoniam fere omnes per priuatorumnbsp;agrosdireAi eranc,6i difficilis uidebatur futurae impenfaenbsp;pr�paratiojut alicuius conftitutione fuccurrcretur,fimul nenbsp;acceflii ad reficiendos riuos redemptores a poflefforibus pronbsp;hiberentur, S. Confulruna faftum eft,quod fubieci. Quodnbsp;Q.. AeliusTuberOjP. Fabius Maximus CO S S, V. F. denbsp;riuis,fpecubus,fornicibusc�luliae, Mard�,Appi�, Tepul�,nbsp;Anionisrcficicndis, Q.D.E. R. F. P. D. E. R*I. C. Vtnbsp;cum rj riui, fornices,quos Auguftus C�far/fe refefturumnbsp;penfa fua/pollicirus Senatui eft,reficerentur, ex agris priuatonbsp;rum'terramjlimumjlapidemjteftamjarenamjligna, caetera^nbsp;que/quibusadcam rem opus effet, undequ�cjearum proxinbsp;mcjfine iniuriapriuatorum tolli, fumi,portaripoffint,uirinbsp;boni arbitratu 3eftimata/darentur,tol.lerentur, fumcrentur,nbsp;exportarentur;amp; easresomnes exportandas, earumque regt;nbsp;rum reficiendarum caufa,quoties opuseffct,per agros priuanbsp;iorum,fineiniuria eorum,itinera, alt;flusparercnt,darencur.nbsp;Plaerumc� autem uitiaoriuntur eximporentia poffefforum,nbsp;qui/pluribusmodis riuos uiolanr.Primumcnim,fpacia,qu3enbsp;circa dudusaquarumiex S. Confulto uacarc debent, aut fdinbsp;ficqs,aut arboribus occupant. Arbores magis nocent, qua �nbsp;rum radicibusiamp;concamcrationes amp; latera ibluuntur;dein#nbsp;de uicinales uias, agreftesqu^per ipfas formas dirigunt : no#nbsp;uiffimeaditus ad tutelampr�cludunttqu� omnia S. Con#nbsp;fulto,quod fubieci, prouifa funt,quod Q,. Aelius Tubero,nbsp;P. Fabius Maximus V. F. aquarum , quae in Vrbem uenigt;nbsp;rentjitincra/occupari monumcntis,amp; �difierjs, amp;arboribusnbsp;confefi. Q. F. P. D. E. R. I. C. Cum adreficiendosri#nbsp;uos,ipecusquc,per quae amp; opera publica CQrrumpuntur,pIanbsp;cerlt;

ccreicirca fonces,amp; fornices,amp; muros utrac^ ex parte,uacuo� ccntenos quinosdcnos pedes patere,amp;circa riuosj qui fub ternbsp;xaeffentj� fpecus intra Vrbem contincntia aedificia, utraquenbsp;cxparteiquinospedes uacuos relinqui,ira ut nequcmonugt;nbsp;mentum in ijs loeis, nccf aedificium/poft hoc tempus ponerc,nbsp;neque co nfercrc arbores licerct ; fiqu� nunc effent arbores innbsp;lt;raidfpacium,exrirparentur, pr�terquam fiqu�uill�con�nbsp;tinentcsi�iincluf��dif�ciiseffent. Si quis aduerftis cacom#nbsp;miferitjin fingulas resin dena milia damnas effet : Exquibusnbsp;parsdimidia pr�mium accufaroridarctur,cuiusopera/ma#nbsp;xime conuiAus effct,qui aduerfushoc S.Confultumcomminbsp;fiffetzpars altera media in erarium redigeretur, deq; ea reiudinbsp;carenr,cognofccrentc^,curatores aquar�.Poffet hoc S. Congt;nbsp;fultum aequiffimum uideri, cdam G ex rci tantum public^ unnbsp;litate eafpacia iudicarentur; multo magis,cum maioresno#nbsp;ftriadmirabili �quitate,ne ea quidem eripuer�tpriuatis, qug'nbsp;ad modum publicum pertinebant. Sed cum aquas perduce#nbsp;rentjG diff�cilior poffel�or/in parte uendcndafuerat,pro totonbsp;agrolpecuniam intulerunr,acpoftfdeterminataneceffaria logt;nbsp;ca,rurfuscum agrum uendiderunr,uttnfuis finies propri#nbsp;um lus tam Refpublica quam priuata haberet. ^Icrique tanbsp;men/non contenu occupaffe Gnes, ipGs dudibus manus attugt;nbsp;lerunt per femitas folutaspaffim, �C rurfus iusaquarum imgt;nbsp;petratum habcnr,aquarii quantulacunquebeneh'crjoccaf�o#nbsp;ne/adexpugnandos n�cabutuntur. Quidporro Gerer,Gnonnbsp;uniuerfa ifta/diligentill�ma lege prohiberentur p�natj nonnbsp;mediocriscontumacibus intentaretur lt; Qu� fubfcripffh�cnbsp;funtuerbalegis: T. QuintiusCrifpinusCO S.populumiu,nbsp;rerogauit, populuscj�ure Iciuit in foropro roftris �disDiuinbsp;lulijPo. Ro. amp;Iulias tribui Sergiaprincipium fuir pro trigt;nbsp;busfex. L. F. Varro. Quiciinquc poft lia nclegcm rogaram/nbsp;riuos,fpccus,forniccs,fiftulas,caftella tubulos, lacus aqua�nbsp;rum publicarum,qu�jad V rbem ducimtur,carumiicjqiiam,nbsp;leiens dolo malo forauerir,rupcrir, forare, nimpercuc curagt;nbsp;ucritjpeiorcmue feccritjquo minus ea aqua cariimue qua/innbsp;VrbemRomamire,C4dere,flui, p�ruciure,duci pcffinfj

quoue minus in Vrbc Roma, SC in bis fdificijs qu� Vrbi con tinentia funr,erunt,in bisque bortis, pr�dijs, locis, quorumnbsp;hortorum,prfdiorum,locorum dominis, pofieflbribus,V,nbsp;F. aqua data uel atcributa e(i,uel erit,ut faliat,diftribuatur,digt;nbsp;uidatur,incaftella,lacusimmijcatur,is P. R. C.miliadarcnbsp;damnas efto:amp; qui clam quid corum icafecerir, id omnc/fargt;nbsp;circ,reficerc, reftituere, �di{�care,ponereamp;celare,demolirinbsp;damnas efto,fine dolo malo.Atqueica�mnino,ucquicunc5nbsp;curator aquarum eft,crit,fi curator aquaruin^Tt uel erst, tumnbsp;IS Pr3ctor,qu (inter ciues amp; peregrinosius dicit, muldam pigt;nbsp;gnoribuscogito jCo�rcito ,eic�curatori, autfi curator nonnbsp;crit,tumeiPr�tori,eo nomine cog�r� amp; co�rcere, mulftaenbsp;dicend�jfiue pignoris capiendi ius,poreftascp efto. Si quid eonbsp;rumferuus fecerit,dominuseiuscentum milia populo det.nbsp;Si quiscirca riuos,ipccus,forniccs,fiftulas,tubulos,caftena,lanbsp;cusaquarum publicarum,qua/adVrbem Romamducunturnbsp;amp;ducentur,terminatus ftcterit, ncque quisieo loco poft bancnbsp;legem rogatam;quidopponir,molit,op(cpit,figit, fia tuit, ponbsp;nit,collocar,arat,ferir,neue in eum locum quid immittir,pr�nbsp;tcr^ eorum faciendor� reponendorum caufa, pr�rcrquamnbsp;quidem bac lege licebit,oportebir. Quiaduerfus eaquid fegt;nbsp;ceritj�C aduerfusealrepi�ritjexiulTu cauiaque omnium rerumnbsp;omnibus efto damnas, utique atque uticUet efleque oportc#nbsp;ret,Gis!aduerfusbanc Icgemiriu�j�pccum rupiirerjforaflecuc,nbsp;quique fpccum foralTet rupifletue quo minus in eo loco pagt;nbsp;fccre herbam, f�num fecare, ientes,uepres, caprificos, cura^nbsp;tores aquarum quinuncfunt,quic^erunt,circafontcs,amp;fongt;nbsp;rium amp; murorum curam,riuos,amp; fpecus terminatos,arbo#nbsp;res,uites,uepres,fcntes, rip�,maccria,f31ifta,barundinetacx^nbsp;cidancur,tollantur,efFodiantur,excorticcntur,urique retfte fanbsp;dum effe uolet,cocji nominefqs'pignoris captio mulftaedicinbsp;or utique efto: Idque ij^finefraude fua facere liceat, iusnbsp;poteftasquecftonbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quo minu?(uitcs arborescj uillis, �difi^

cijsjmacerijsuqincluf� fint. Maceriaequascuratoresaqua# rumjcaufa cognita, ne demolirentur,dominis permi/�runt,nbsp;quibusBnfcripta inlculptac� effent ipforum, qui permififfent,nbsp;curatq*

curatorutn nomina maneat,hac lege/nihil abrogate, quo mi nus/cx his fontibus,riuis,fpecubus,fornicibusaquam hauri#nbsp;re, fumercijs,quibufcuncjcuratores aquarum permiierunr,nbsp;pr�ccrquam rota, calice,machinaliceat: dum nec�puteus,nbsp;ncqiieforamen nouum fiat.Eius hac legenihilum rogationbsp;utilifl�im� legis contemptores,non negauerim dignospenanbsp;qu� intenditur. Sed negligentia longitemporis deceptos/le/nbsp;niter reuocari oportuit,Itaque'fedulo laborauimuSjUtquannbsp;turn in nobis fuic,etiam ignorarctur qui errauerant. Hisnbsp;uerofqui admonitiad indulgentiam Imperatorisnbsp;decurrerunr,poflquot;umusuideriicaufaimp,eragt;nbsp;ti benefierj fuiffe. Inreliquo uero -jic optonbsp;ne executio legis/necelfaria fit,cum of�nbsp;ficijfidemictiamper oiFenfas

ARGENTORATI, EX OFFICINA KNOBLOCHIANA, PER GEOR#nbsp;CIVH HA C H AEROPIEVM,nbsp;HENSE AVGVSTO

dumfit.	^77.
Lun�curfus	407
Lun�ortus	4�3,

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s�Aof nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;lu b	'� 28da	�
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iruM�/J-/^oy	212 b cpfln�		*4553
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Columnar alti� tudo/ped� ufcf.	Scapusimusz partium.	Contradura fca pifumml^parti�
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40-	7ffemk,	�.fcmit�
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�i Prosldmhnoinenos,		Acqui/ttus^	i-	tidrmonid.	Cbromi,	Didtond-
�.	tiyp�tehypiiton^	Principdlis pricipdliu, t;. mi.	3-	Tonus,	Tonus.	Tonus.
,�	P�rhypitehypdtott,	Subprincipdla prin, C,�,.ut-	4.	Eiiefis .	Hemitonium,	Hemitonium-'
4'.	Lichiinosifiiie diiito^ nofhyp�ton^	Extentd principdlium D.fol, repue index-	y.	Diefis,	Hemitonium,	Tonus,
	Hyp�tc mefon.	Vltimdmedidrum, Ejd.mi.	�.	Ditonus,	Trisbemiton.	Tonus.
�.	Pdrhypdtemefon-	Subprincip. medidru, P.Ji. ut.	7.	Dieps,	Hemitonium,	Hemitonium-
	LichMos fiue Didto* nos mefon,	Extcnfa medtdrum. nbsp;nbsp;G.fol,re. ut.	S.	Dieps,	Hemitonium.	Tonus.
9^	Mefe.	iJiedid- nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;d- ld.mi,re.	9�	Ditonus,	Trishemitoniu,	Tonus.
	Tritefynemmenon�-i uefynzeugmenon^	Tertidconiun�drum, b.�,^.mi.	lo.	Dieps,	Hemitonium,	Hemitonium-
*o.	Pardnetefynemmeno,	Penultimd coniun�, Cc.fol.�.	13.	Dieps,	Hemitonium.	Tonus,
It.	^ete�nemmenon.	Vltimdconiun�iarum, Dd.ld,fol,	*9�	Ditonus,	Trishemiton,	Tonus,
11.	Pdrdmefe,	Prope medidm. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;b6, �, mi.	17.	Tonus,	Tonus.	Tonus.
U.	Trite diezeugmenon.	Tertiddiuifdrim, Cc.foL�.ut,	11.	Dieps,	Hemitonium,	Hemitonium,
�4-	Pdrdnete diezeugmCt	Penultimd diuifdrum. d id. fol. re.	11.	Dieps,	Hemitonium,	Tonus,
If-	Ncte dieZeugmenon^	Vltimddifiunildrum. e.ld.mi.	1�.	Ditonus,	Trishemitoniu.	, Tonus.
l(�.	Trite hyperboleon^	Tertia excellentium. f. �. ut.	t4-	Dieps,	Hemitonium,	Hemitonium,
17.	Pdranetehyperboleon	Penultimd excellenti�- g.fol.re. ut.	^f-	Dieps.	Hemitonium.	Tonus,
K.	Hetehyperboleon-	Vltimacxcellentiutn. Aa.ld.mi.re,		Ditonus-	Trishemitoniu.	Tonus-

tibus� De �rmitate e^ f�ndamentis tedi�eiorum. CAPITA SEPTIMI LIBRI,	cap, cap.	lO ii
r^E rMderalionc commode perficienda � -1 Jne maceratione calcis adalbaria te�oria�; opera.	cap.	I
	cap.	2
De camera�-� difpo�tione,tru�iffatione,et ted orio opere, cap.		3
De politionibtts in humidis locis.	cap.	4
Derationepingendiintedifieijs, �	cap.	5
De marmore,^Momodo paretur ad tedoria�	cap.	6
De coiori6�j,cr phrnm de oebra.	cap.	7
Ueminij rationibus.	cap.
Deminij temperatura.	cap.	9
quot;De coloribus qui arte �unt.	cap.	lO
De cerulei temper ationibus �	cap.	n
Q�pmodofiat ceru�j,^- terugo,es- fandaracha.	cap.	12
QUomodofiat o�rum,colorum �ditiorum exceBenti�,	cap.	13
tyepurpureifcoloribus.	cap.	�4
CAPITA OCTAVI LIBRI. T E aquie inuentionibus, X-^De aqua imbrium,eiusque uirtutibus.	cap.	1
	cap, UH ti	2 a

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